INDEXRUNNING HEAD VERSO PAGES 715

Sights and monuments in larger cities ( and ) are listed as sub- indices of that city. For the , for example, look under ‘Athens: Parthenon’. In general, explanatory or more detailed references (where there are many) are given in bold. Numbers in italics are picture references. Dates are given for all artists, archi- tects and sculptors. Ancient place names and works of art are listed in italics. The stressed syllables of modern place names are indicated.

A Ag. Andrèas (Pàtras) 404 Abdera 688–90; (finds from) 662, 693 Ag. Apòstoloi (Kastorià) 641 Abdul Hamid, sultan 596 Ag. Apòstoloi (Leondàri) 277 Acarnanìa 485, 488, 500 Ag. Apòstoloi (Seliàna) 408 Acciaioli, Franco 64 Ag. Athanàsios (Chalandrìtsa) 414 , Roman province 19, 154, 300, 399 Ag. Athanàsios (Geràki) 319 Achaea, region (see Achaia) Ag. Athanàsios (Kastorià) 641 154, 204, 271, 485 Ag. Athanàsios (Leondàri) 277 Achaean League 18, 274, 400, 405, 407 Ag. Charalàmbos (Kalamàta) 343 Achaìa 399ff Ag. Charalàmbos (Maròneia) 695 Achaia Clauss winery 404–05 Ag. Dimìtrios (Chr`ysafa) 317 Achelòös, river 488, 540, 542 Ag. Dimìtrios (Mistrà) 312 Achèrondas, river (Acheron) 527, 528, 529 Ag. Dimìtrios Katsoùri (Plisioì) 506 Achilles 536, 563, 564 Ag. Dion`ysios (Olympus) 580 Achladòkambos 254 Ag. Geòrgios (Androùsa) 344 178–80, 179 Ag. Geòrgios (Nàfplion) 235 Actium, battle of 19, 485, 499–500 Ag. Geòrgios (Sithonìa) 681 of Argos 190, 222, 419 Ag. Geòrgios (Stemnìtsa) 282 Adrianople (see Adrianoupolis) Ag. Geòrgios (village in ) 576 Adrianoùpolis 41, 47, 702 Ag. Geòrgios (Vasilikò, ) 526 Aegeiai, site of 325 Ag. Geòrgios, of (Tsamandàs) 510 Aegeus, father of Theseus 76 Ag. Geòrgios tou Kàstrou (Geràki) 319 Aegisthus 206 Ag. Ioànnis (Areòpolis) 328 Aeschylus 16, 67, 99, 116, 146 Ag. Ioànnis (village in ) 568 - 485ff Ag. Ioànnis Chrysòstomos (Geràki) 319 Aetolian League18, 485, 492 Ag. Ioànnis Eleìmon (Ligouriò) 229 Aetolians 447, 485, 500, 582 Ag. Ioànnis Pròdromos (Laconia) 325 Aëtòs 349 Ag. Ioànnis Pròdromos (Chr`ysafa) 317 Àfytos 680 Ag. Ioànnis Pròdromos (Kalambàka) 546 Agamemnon 206, 215, 216, 225, 298. 341, Ag. Ioànnis Pròdromos, Plàtsa (Mani) 334 357, 399, 436; (mask of) 68, 94, 94 Ag. Kyprianòs (Mani) 332 Agathon, architect (4C BC) 449 Ag. Kyriakì (village in ) 356 Aghià 571 Ag. Kyriakì (village in Pelion) 570 Ag. Anàrgyri (Ermiòni) 255 Ag. Làvra 410, 411 Ag. Anàrgyri (Mani) 334 Ag. Marìna (Kissòs) 568 Ag. Anàrgyri (Trìkala) 538 Ag. Marìna (Ligouriò) 230 Ag. Anàrgyri Varlaam (Kastorià) 641 Ag. Michàïlis Taxiàrchis (Mani) 330 716 INDEX

Ag. Nikòlaos (Karìtaina) 279 Agrìnion 488 Ag. Nikòlaos (Mistrà) 317 Agriolèfkes 566 Ag. Nikòlaos Dilios, monastery of () Agrippa 19 517 Agrosikià 623 Ag. Nikòlaos sta Kàmbia () 273 Aïdònia 198, 200 Ag. Nikòlaos Kambinàri (Mani) 334 Aigai (ancient Vergìna) 587, 588, 625, 632 Ag. Nikòlaos Karyàs, monastery of 290 Aigeìra 407; (finds from) 406 Ag. Nikòlaos Kasnìtzis (Kastorià) 641 Aiginion 545 Ag. Nikòlaos tis Rodias (Plisioì) 506 Aìgion 405–06 Ag. Monì, church of (Argolid) 229 Aigìtio 476 Ag. Pàndes (Chr`ysafa) 317 Aigòsthena 423 Ag. Panteleìmon (Aghià) 571 Aimyalòn, Our Lady of (Monastery, Lousios Ag. Panteleìmonos (Katochì) 492 ) 284 Ag. Panteleìmonos, Athos (see Roussikò) Ainos (see Enez) Ag. Paraskevì (Geràki) 319 Aitolikò 489 Ag. Paraskevì (Kassàndra) 680 Akanthos 666; (finds from) 678 Ag. Paraskevì (Kìpi) 524 Akràta 407 Ag. Paraskevì (Macedonia) 665 Akrìni 634 Ag. Paraskevì (Mani) 331 Àktio 499 Ag. Paraskevì (Monodèndri) 524 Alaric 20, 41, 119, 147, 267, 300, 432, 436, Ag. Pàvlou (Athos) 675 500 Ag. Pètros (Mani) 331 Albanian, Albanians 475, 497, 498, 502, Ag. Photìni (Mantìneia) 270 509, 510, 512, 528, 646 Ag. Procòpios (Mani) 330 562 Ag. Simeòn, monastery of 491 Alèa 268 Ag. Sòstis 478 Alepòtripa Cave 297, 329 Ag. Sotìris (Mani) 333 Aleuadai, ancient tribe 536, 575 Ag. Sofìa (Andravìda) 394 Alexander the Great 17, 70, 146, 419, 434, Ag. Sofìa (Mistrà) 316 582, 588, 619, 622, 683 Ag. Sofìa (Monemvasià) 324 Alexander IV (son of Alexander the Great) Ag. Sofìa, basilica of (M`ytikas) 495 633, 681 Ag. Sofìa, village (Aetolia) 487 Alexander of Pherai 536, 562 Ag. Spyridon (Nàfplion) 236 Alexandroùpolis 697 Ag. Stefànos (Kastorià) 641 Alexius III, emperor 563 Ag. Stefànos (Metèora) 549 Ali Pasha 51, 499, 503, 511, 512, 515, 516, Ag. Stratigòs (Mani) 330 517, 528, 543 Ag. Theodòra (Arta) 503 Aliàkmon, river 643 Ag. Theodòroi (Mistrà) 312 Alìfira 392 Ag. Theodòroi (Sèrres) 63 Àlika 330 Ag. Theodòros (Mani) 330 Alipheira, site of 392–93 Ag. Triàda (Anìlio) 568, 568 Alkamenes, sculptor (5C BC) 77, 376 Ag. Triàda (Evrytania) 478 Almyròs 563 Ag. Triàda (Kranìdi) 255 Alonìstaina 287 Ag. Triàda (Metèora) 547, 549 Alpheiòs, river 363 Ag. Varvàra (Arcadia)273 Alyzia, site of 495 Ag. Varvàra (Mani) 330 Amasis painter, the (6C BC) 34, 34 Ag. Vasìleios (Arta) 503 Ambracia (ancient Arta) 502, 504–05 Agorakritos, sculptor (5C BC) 77, 96, 141 Ambracian Gulf 494–95 Àgrafa region 479 Amfilochìa 494 Agrapidhochòri 396 Amìntaio 626 INDEX 717

Amphiaraion 142–43 Aratos of Sikyon, general 159, 177, 400 Amphiaraus 142, 419 Arcadia 263ff Amphictyonic League 445, 446, 588 Arcadian League 263, 267, 271, 300, 419 Amphilochian Argos, site of 494 Archaìa Epìdavros 253 Amphipolis 653–56; (finds from) 662 Archaìa Olimbìa 368 Àmphissa 472–73 Archelaus, king of Macedonia 582, 588, 619; Amyklai, ancient site 309; (finds from) 303, (palace of) 622 304 Archons (governors of Athens) 88 Anakasià 557 Archontikò 623 Anastasioupolis, site of 691 Areòpolis 328 Andravìda 394 Arèthousa 621, 684 Andrew, St 401, 404 Argalastì 570 Andrìtsaina 279 Argithèa 540 Andronicos, astronomer 90 Argive Heraion 225–26; (finds from) 96 Andronicus III 575 Argolid 196ff Andronikos, Manolis 632 555, 559, 564 Androùsa 344 Argos 218–25 Anìlio 568 Argos Orestikòn 643 Anjou, Charles of 46 Argyssa, Homeric city 577 Àno Figaleìa 282 Aridaìa 626 Àno Trìkala 192 Aristides (the Just) 85 Àno Vòlos 556, 557 Aristocles, sculptor (6C BC) 190 Anta Maura, castle of 495 Aristodikos, statue of 95 Antheia, Homeric city 344 341 Anthimos Gazi 567, 568 Aristophanes 117, 430 Antigonus Gonatas 588, 619 Aristotle 67, 435, 627, 683 Antinous 151, 466 Armènio 570 Antipater 477, 576, 588 Arnaìa 666, 682 Antiphanes, sculptor (5C BC) 449 Àrta 502–05; (bridge of) 505–06 Antoninus Pius, emperor 272 , myths concerning 136 Aòös, river 525, 526 Artemis, temples and sanctuaries to Aòös, lake 545 (Arcadia) 268; (Aulis) 436; (Brauron) Aphentikò (Mistrà) 312 135–37; (Calydon) 492; (Dìon) 584; Aphrodite, temples and sanctuaries of (Epidaurus) 248; (Likòcheia) 278; (Acrocorinth) 180; (Arcadia) 412; (Lousoi) 410; () 346; (Dodòna) 523; (Epidaurus) 250; (Orchomenòs) 273; () 303, 304, (Kassope) 531; (Troezen) 257 307; (Stymphalos) 192, 193; (Thermon) Aphytis, site of 680 487 (cult of) 246; (myths concerning) Asclepius (cult of) 249; (myths concerning) 309, 445, 578 246 Apollo, temples and sanctuaries of Asclepius, temples and sanctuaries to (Actium) 499–500; (Amyklès) 309; (Alipheira) 392; (Corinth) 177; (Argos) 222, 224; (Arta) 504; () (Epidaurus)29, 245, 247; (Gortys) 285; 23, 27, 279–82, 280; (Corinth) 168–70, (Messene) 345 (Orchomenòs) 428; 170; (Delphi) 143, 448–58, 456, 463; (Pheneos) 193; (Trìkala) 537, 539 (Epidaurus) 252; (Mesembria) 696; Asea, ancient site 274 (Thermon) 486, 487 Asine, site of (Argolid) 238 Apollonìa 684 Asine, ancient colony (Messenia) 358 Appius Claudius Pulcher 150 Àsiros 649 Aràchova 470 Asopòs 189 718 INDEX

Asprògeia 563 Cathedral 90 Asprokklìsi 509 Center of Folk Art 92 Astakòs 493 Dipylon 100 Àstros 288 Erechtheion 29, 78–79, 79 267, 491 91 Atatürk (Mustafa Kemal) 610 Goulandris Museum 109 Athamania, ancient region 540 Grande Bretagne Hotel 124 Athanasius, the Athonite 668, 674, 675 Hellenic Academy 109 Athena 69 Hephaistos, temple of 68, 81 Athena, temples and sanctuaries to Hill of the Nymphs 100 (Alipheira) 393; (Argos) 224; (? Asea) Holy Apostles, church of 88, 115 274; (Athens) 29, 76; (Delphi) 464, Jewish Museum 92 467; (? Pallantion) 272; (Philià) 543; Kanellopoulos Museum 91 (Sparta) 306; (Stymphalos) 193; () Kapnikarèa 90, 114 268 Keramèïkos 100–01 , statue of 29, 77, 78, 96 Kolonàki 112 Athenians, treasury of (Delphi) 452, 463 Library of Hadrian 90 Athens, general 14ff, 69ff; (colonies of) 16, Lycabettus, Mount 110, 113, 113 653, 656; (government of) 88, 99, 100; Lysicrates Monument 106, 106 (history of) 70–71; (democracy) 16, 17; Megàron Mousikìs 110 (at Battle of Marathon) 138; (at Plataea) Metamòrphosis tou Sotìra 115 433; (at Chaironeia) 434; (in Roman Metroön 84 ) 39; (Gothic sack of) 41; Metropolis, Old 90, 114 (Ottomans in) 71 Monument of the Eponymous Heroes 84 Athens, sights Mouseion Hill 99 Acropolis 72–80 Museum Alex Mylona 101 79–80 Museum of Children’s Art 91 Acropolis Museum (new) 107 Museum of the City 108 Ag. Aikaterìni 114, 115 Museum of Cycladic Art 109 Ag. Anàrgyri 114 91 Ag. Apòstoloi 68, 115 Museum of Greek Folk Music 90 Ag. Asòmaton 114 Museum of Greek Popular Art 90 Ag. Dimìtrios Loumbardiàris 100 Museum of Islamic Art 101 Ag. Geòrgios 113 Museum of Traditional Pottery 101 Ag. Ioànnis O Theòlogos 115 National Garden 105 Ag. Nikòlaos Rangavàs 115 National Historical Museum 108 Ag. Theodòroi 115 National Library 109 Agorà 68, 81–89 National Picture Gallery 110 Agorà Museum 85 Numismatic Museum 109 Anafiòtika 89, 91 Oberländer Museum 101 105 Odeion of Herodes Atticus 108 Archaeological Museum 92–98 Olympieion 105 Areòpagus 88, 99 Omorfì Ekklisìa 64 Assembly (see government, above) Panaghìa Gorgeopìkoös 90, 114 Athena, statue of 29, 77, 78, 96 Panathenaic Festival 78 Athena , temple of 29, 73 Panathenaic Way 81 109 Parliament 105 Beulé Gate 73 Parthenon 21, 25, 27, 76 Byzantine and Christian Museum 110 Peribolos of the 12 Gods 85 Caryatid Porch 79, 79 Philopappus Monument 99 INDEX 719

Plaka 89–92 Bektashi Dervishes 48, 563 Plato’s Academy 101 Bellerophon 185 100 Benjamin of Tudela 512, 563, 594 Propylaia 73 Bessarion, St 539, 540, 548 90 Biton (see Cleobis and Biton) Russian Church 105, 114 Bizàni 518 St George Lycabettus Hotel 124 Black-figure ware (in Corinth museum) 162; Schliemann’s House 109 (see also Pottery) Socrates’ Prison 89 Blegen, Carl 217, 225, 227, 353, 354, 355 Sotìra tou Kottàki 114 417ff Sotìra tou Lykodìmou 114 Boeotian League 418, 419, 427 Stoa of Attalus 85 Boiai, site of 324 Stoa Basileos 84 Boissonas, Frédéric, photographer Stoa Poikile 85 (1858–1946) 509, 579 Street of Tombs 100 Boniface of Montferrat 45, 420, 589, 593, 71, 105 651, 656, 699 Theatre of 107 Botsaris, Markos 490 491, 528 Theseion 68, 81 Boukation 488 Tower of the Winds 90, 91 Boùmbouka 413 Tzistarakis 90 Boutades of Sikyon, potter 190 University 109 Brasidas, Spartan general 357, 653 War Museum 110 Brauron 135ff Gardens 105 Brienne, Walter de 143 , temple of 105–06, 107 Britain 53, 351, 493, 511, 517, 596 Athos, Mount 667–77, 674, 677 Broneer, Oscar 181, 183 Atrax, site of 576 Bruyères, Geoffrey de 278 Atreus 206; (treasury of) 209–211 Bulgarians 41, 42, 46, 155, 420, 575, 577, Attalus, ruler of Pergamon 18 589, 593, 639, 651 Attica 131ff Byron, Lord 53, 68, 133, 352, 447, 490, , emperor 19, 39, 146, 485, 492; 491, 499, 515, 517, 518 () 499, 500, 501; (Battle Byzantine art and architecture 55ff of Philippi) 660 (Arta) 504; (Athens) 113–115; Hòsios Augustus, temple of (Pàtras) 403 Loùkas 436–40; (Kastorià) 641; Mistrà Aulis 436 65, 310–17; (Pòrta Panaghìa) 539; Austria 52, 53 (Pyrasos) 562; (Pythio) 701; Skrìpou Avars 41, 60, 155, 352, 593 427; (Thessalonìki) 600, 603–04, 605, Àvdira 688 610, 611, 612; (Vèroia) 630 Averof family 545 Byzantine rule 40ff; (Epirus) 498, 501, 505; Axiòs, river 623, 624 (Macedonia) 589, 593, 598–99, 651; (Mistrà) 310–17; (Monemvasià) 320; (in B ) 155 Bacchiads 158 Byzantium 40, 152 (see also Constantinople) Balkan Wars 688, 700 Barbarossa, corsair (see Kheir ad-Din) C Bardoùnia, castle of 325 Cadmus, founder of Thebes 417 Barlaàm (Metèora) 549 Caligula, emperor 378 Basil I, Emperor 42 Callicrates, architect (5C BC) 73, 77, 119 Bassae 23, 27, 279–82, 280 Callimachos, polemarch 139 Bayezid I, sultan 47, 589, 701 Callimachus, sculptor (5C BC) 78, 168, 290 Bayezid II, sultan 231, 357, 405 Calydon 491–92 720 INDEX

Calydonian boar 268, 491 Codrington, Admiral Sir Edward 231, 350, Çams, Çameria 497, 498, 509, 510, 528 351 Canachus the Sikyonian, sculptor (6C BC) Communists 549 (see also ELAS) 190 Comnenus, Alexius, emperor 45 Cantacuzene, John VI 46, 315, 672, 700, Comnenus, Michael Angelus, emperor 45 701 Comnenus, John II, emperor 47 Cantacuzene, Manuel 314, 315, 316 Constantine, emperor 39–40, 54, 447, 589 Capodistrias, Ioannis 51, 53, 219, 231, 234, Constantine I, King of Greece 71, 368, 480 236, 256, 401 Constantine XI, emperor 47, 310, 315 Cassander 18, 419, 488, 588, 592, 680, 681 Constantine Monomachos 670 Castalian spring 424, 468–70 Constantinople 20, 40, 42, 44, 47–48 Catalans 231, 421, 430, 477, 478, 661, 676 Copais (see Kopaïs) Çelebi, Evliya 631, 697 Corinth 14, 157–76, 161, 169, 170, 555; Centaurs 387, 564 (see also Chiron, Eurytion) (role in ) 158; (role in Central Greece 417ff Persian Wars) 158; (Roman sack of) 159 Cervantes, Miguel de 357, 475 Corinth (new town) 180 Chairòneia, battle of 17, 99, 159, 417, 434 Corinth Canal 185, 186 Chalandrìtsa 413 Corinthia 157ff Chalkidikì 665ff Corinthian capital (of Polyclitus the Younger) Chalkidòna 623 247 Chalkìs 435, 665 Corinthian Order 27, 281 Champlitte, William de 155, 192, 349, 357 Corinthian War 159 Chandler, Dr Richard, antiquarian 364 Corinthians, treasury of (Delphi) 452 Charioteer (Delphi) 458, 465, 466 Coronis, myths concerning 246 Charites, cult of 427, 428 Corycian Cave 471–72 Chiliandarìou (Athos) 673 Coumantaros Gallery (Sparta) 305 Chirico, Evaristico de 553 Cresphontes, Dorian hero 341, 349 Chirico, Giorgio de (1888–1978) 553 Cretan school (Byzantine art) 132, 670, 675, Chiron, centaur 246, 564 676 Chlemoùtsi, castle of 395 Critian Boy 15–16, 80, 80 Chòra 356 Croesus, King of Lydia 446 Choreftò 567 Crusades 43–44 Chrisavgì 527 Cumba, castle of 393 Chrìsovo 476 Curtius, Professor Ernst 348, 364 Chrissò 444 Cyclops Cave 697 Christiàni 356 Cynoscephalae, battle of 19, 485, 562, 575, Christianity (arrival of) 20, 54 (see also 588 Paul, St) Cypselus, tyrant of Corinth 14, 158, 382, Chr`ysafa 317 452 Church, Sir Richard 231, 493, 495 Cyriac of Ancona 67, 76, 447 Cicero 19, 147, 494, 592; (on statue of Zeus) 377 D Cistercians 45, 64, 192 Dadià Forest 699 Clauss, Baron von 404 Dàfni (Achaia) 412 Cleisthenes, reformer of Athens 15, 70, 96 Dakaris, Sotirios 528, 529 Cleisthenes, tyrant of Sikyon 446, 450 Damasus, Pope 67 Cleobis and Biton 225, 461 , sculptor (2C BC) 276, 344, 378 Cleomenes III, King of Sparta 300 Danaos, myths concerning 222 Clytemnestra 206 Daphnì, Monastery of 64, 143–45 Cocytus, river 527, 529 Deidameia, myths concerning 386, 387 INDEX 721

Delian League 70, 689 Dìros Caves 329; (finds from) 303–04 Delphi 443–70 Dìstomo 440 Archaeological Museum 460–66 Docheiarìou (Athos) 676 Castalian Spring 468–70 Dodòna 22, 518–23, 521; (finds from) 98, Marmaria 466–68, 468 513 Oracle 457 Doïrànis, lake 636 Sacred Way 449–54 Domokòs 480 Sanctuary of Apollo 448–60 Doria, Andrea 357, 358 Sanctuary of Athena 464, 467 Dorian Invasion 154, 341 Stadium 459–60 Dorion, Homeric city 349 Temple of Apollo 454–55, 456, 463 Doriskos 698; (finds from) 693 Theatre 458 Doupianì (Metèora) 548 Tholos 464, 467, 468 Dousìko, monastery 540 Treasuries 450–52 Doxaràs 576 Demèsticha 413 Dörpfeld, Dr Wilhelm 240, 381 Demeter, myths concerning 145 Dràma 116, 656 Demeter, temples and sanctuaries of Dramali, Ottoman commander 178, 197, (Corinth) 176; (Eleusis) 147; (Lykòsoura) 201 276; (Lepreon) 394; (Mesembria) 696; Drèpanon, Cape 405 (Proerna) 480; (Stimànga) 189 Drìskos 544 558–59; (finds from) 556, 559 Drossinis, Georgios 567 Demetrius Poliorcetes 18, 190, 300, 419, Duåan, Stefan 46, 512, 589, 651, 673 555, 558, 588 Ducas, John 478 Demosthenes 17, 99, 434, 492, 588, 678 Ducas, Michael (see Michael I) Dendrà 12, 227 Ducas, Theodore 178 Dervèni 649 Derveni Krater 598 E Despotates (Àrta) 45; (Epirus) 498, 502, Èdessa 624–26 505, 575, 589, 593, 639; (Mistrà) 311, Edirne (see Adrianoùpolis) 315 Edonians 653, 656 Diakoftò 407, 409 ELAS (Communist guerrillas) 408, 537, 569, Didymòteicho 692, 700–01 596 Dikaia, site and finds 693 Elassòna 577 Dikili Tash, site of 661; (finds from) 662 Elateia (finds from) 477 10, 560–61; (finds from) 94 Elàti 540 Dimitrios, St 605–06, 608 Elèa, fortress of 527 Dimitrìtsi 653 Elean , site of 396 Dimitsàna 286 Electra 206 Dinsmoor, Professor William 133, 141, 281 Elefsìna (see Eleusis) Diocletian, emperor 39, 589, 629 Eleoùses, monastery of (Ioannina) 517 Diocletianoupolis, Roman city 643 Eleusis 145–51; (relief from) 95, 96 Diogenes 159 Eleutherai 423 Diòlkos 185 Elgin, Lord 68, 77 Diomedes of Argos 222, 224 Elià 681 Diomedes of Thrace 389, 689 Elìki 407 Dìon 582–84 363ff Dione, goddess 519; (temple of) 523 Elis, ancient city 396–97 Dionysìou (Athos) 675–76 Ellinikon, site of 289 Dionysos the Areopagite, St 99 Ellinokklisìa 344 Dionysus 390, 417, 427, 470 Enez (Ainos) 698, 699 722 INDEX

Epaminondas, Theban commander 270, Franks, Frankish monuments (Àmphissa) 271, 274, 299–300, 342, 345, 349, 419, 473; (Athens) 71, 72, 77; (Boeotia) 421, 427, 434 430; (Daphnì) 145; (Macedonia) 585, Epàno Englianòs 353 651, 657; (Peloponnese) 160, 168, 178, Ephyra, Necromanteion of 528–30; (finds 231, 278, 311, 315, 318, 344, 358, 392, from) 513 394, 395, 399, 401, 413; (partition of Epictetus 366 Greece) 44; (Thessaly) 575 Epidauros Limera 324; (finds from) 304 Frossini, Kyra (see Phrosyne) Epidaurus, ancient 245–53; (finds from) 97 Fteròlakkas 470 Epidaurus Festival 250, 251 Epigonoi 418 G Epirus 497ff Galàtista 666 Episkopì, church of (Mani) 330 Galaxìdi 474 Erane 356 Galerius, emperor 59, 592, 599, 600, 605, Eretreia 563 612 Ermiòni 255 Games (see Panhellenic games) Eros, sanctuary of (Thespiai) 426 Gamìla, Mount 525 Erymanthos mountains 413 Gastoùni 394 Erythrae 475 Gaul, Gauls 401, 447, 485 Esphigmènou (Athos) 672–73 Ge, goddess 444, 469 Eucleides, sculptor (1C BC) 408 Ge-Themis, sanctuary of (Delphi) 452 99, 136, 582, 621, 684 Gèfyra 321, 624 Euripos, river (Evrìpos) 435–36 Gènisis tis Theotòkou (near Anthirò) 541 Europos, site of 636; (finds from) 635 Gènisis tis Theotòkou, monastery (Vìkos , King of Mycenae and Tiryns 388 Gorge) 525 Eurytion, centaur 386, 387 Gennadios, Patriarch 48, 652 Eva 289 (see also Herodes Atticus, villa of) Genoese 357, 558 Evander, king 272 George of Thebes, fresco artist (16C) 549 Evangelìstria (Geràki) 319 Gèrakas 292–93 Evangelìstria, church of (Mistrà) 312 Geràki 318–19 Evropòs 636 Germanos, Archbishop of 51, 52, 155, Èvros, river 698–99 286, 399, 408, 410 Evrytania 478–79 Germany, Germans (in WW2) 132, 408, Exekias, painter (6C BC)34 523, 569, 596 Gerolimènas 330 F Geronthrai, site of 320 Fanàri 543 Giannitsà 623 Fàrsala 480 Giotto 64 Fères 699 Giromèri 510 Filiàtes 510 Gla 429 Filiatrà 356 Glafyrès 570 Flamininus 542, 562 Glanitsa, site of 287 Florence, Florentines, rule in Greece 71, Glauke 161, 555 155, 343 Gl`yfa 563 Flòrina 644 Glyfàda 131 Fokìda (see Phocis) Glykì 527 Fort St George (Acarnanìa) 495 Gomphoi 539 France, French 350 351, 356, 376, 499, Gònnoi 578 511, 544, 596 Gòritsa 557 10, 255; (finds from) 237 Gortys 285 INDEX 723

Goths 39, 147, 154, 155, 420, 527, 589, Herulians 20, 85, 147 592, 657 Hesiod 424, 425, 579 Goumènissa 413, 636 Hesychasts 593, 611 Graces, the (see Charites) Heuzey, Léon 582, 632, 633, 657 Grand Làvra (Athos) 674–75 Hippocrates 575 Gratìni 693 Hippocrene, spring 425 Great Dionysia, festival 116 Hippodameia, myths concerning 385 Great Metèoron (Metèora) 548 Hippodamus, Hippodamian system 119, Gregorìou (Athos) 676, 677 120, 345, 530, 679, 696 Grèmmou, mound of 577 Hippolytus 256 Grevenà 643 Hodeghìtria, Mistrà (see Panaghia Grizàno 577 Hodeghitria) G`ythion 325 12, 203, 207–08, 215, 341, 353, 354; (on Dodòna) 519; (on Ephyra) 529; H (Hymn to Apollo) 445; (on Orchomenòs) Hadrian, emperor 19–20, 70, 105, 146, 147, 428 151, 175, 226, 447 Hoplites 13, 301 Hadrianopolis (see Adrianople) Horace 19, 660 Haghia Sophia (Istanbul) 59 Hòsios Loùkas, monastery 436–40, 437, 438 Halieis 256 Huns 41, 155, 589 Halos 563 Hymettus, Mount 132 Hània 566 Hysiae 254 Hegeso, stele of 96 Helen of Troy 298, 325; (sculpture of) 303 I Helicon, Mount 424, 425 Iasmòs 691 Helike, site of 407 Ibrahim Pasha 253, 265, 278, 290 311, Hellenic Maritime Museum () 121 349, 350, 357, 395, 405, 410; (at Helos, ancient site 319 Missolonghi) 53, 491; (at Battle of 14, 17, 301, 318, 319 Navarino) 155, 351 Hera, myths concerning 388 Ibrahim Pasha, Chief Vizier 49 Hera, temples and sanctuaries of (Argive Iconoclasm 61–62, 599, 604 Heraion) 225–26; (Olympia) 381–82, Ictinus, architect (5C BC) 77, 281 382; (Perachòra) 13, 188 Ierissòs 666 Heraclea Lyncestis, Roman town 588, 644–45 Igoumenìtsa 507 Heracles (Labours of) 193, 198, 254, 332, Iktinos (see Ictinus) 387–89, 413, 689; (myths concerning) Imaret (Àrta) 506; (Kavàla) 662 154, 240, 365, 388, 417, 430, 478, 488 Iniades (see Oiniadae) Heracles, temples and sanctuaries of Ino, myths concerning 182 (Dodòna) 523; (Kleonai) 200; (Thebes) Ioànnina 512–17, 516 421; (Velestìno) 562 (Iolkos) 553, 555 Hermes of Praxiteles 382, 390, 390 Iphigeneia 136, 436 Hermes, myths concerning 390 Isis, temples and sanctuaries of (Dìon) 584; Hermione, site of 255 (Kenchreai) 184 Herodes Atticus 20, 70, 108, 138, 159, 176, Issova, monastery of Notre Dame 392 290, 381; (head of) 162; (villa of) 266, Isthmia 181–84 289, 290 Itèa 473 16, 578; (on Dodòna) 519; (on Ithòme (Messenia) 341, 348 Ephyra) 529; (at Olympic Games) 367; , Homeric city 543 (on Battle of Plataea) 15; (on Ìtylo 333 Thermopylae) 432 Ivìron (Athos) 673 724 INDEX

J Karpenìsi 478 Janissaries 48, 49, 538, 597 Karvostasi, castle of 510–11 161, 555, 564 Karyès (Athos) 671 Jason, tyrant of Pherai 536, 562, 575 Kassàndra peninsula 680–81 Jews, Jewry in Greece 401, 515, 563, 593, Kassope 530–31; (finds from) 513 594–95, 613, 631, 639 Kastanià 193 Jocasta 419 Kastellanos, Frangos, fresco artist (16C) 549, Jockey and racehorse, sculpture of (in 670 Athens) 96 Kastorià 639–42, 642 John of Athens, Byzantine artist 65, 255 Kastràki 546 Julian the Apostate, emperor 20, 40, 147, Kastrì 528 447 Kastria Caves 412 , emperor19, 159, 480, 542, Kastrìtsa 518 545, 645 Kastrìtsi 413 Justinian, emperor 20, 41, 42, 60, 70, 500, Kàstro (Boeotia) 429 512, 593 Kàstro tis Oraìas (Tempe) 578 Kataf`ygio 476 K Katàkolo 394 Kadmos (see Cadmus) Katarràktis 413 Kaenipolis, site of 331 Katerìni 584–85 Kafkònia 363 Kàto Boularioì 330 Kaïàfas, lagoon of 393 Kàto Lousì 410 Kaissarianì, monastery of 131 Kàto Meròpi 526 Kakòvatos 394 Kàto Panaghìa, nunnery (Epirus) 506 Kalamàs, river 507 Kàto Polydèndri 571 Kalamàta 342–43 Katochì 492 Kalambàka 545–46 Katsìmbali 278 Kalàndra 680 Kavàla 661–62 Kàlanos 413 Kazantzakis, Nikos 334 Kalapòdi (finds from) 477 Kefalàri 228 Kalàvryta 408–09 Kefalòvrysi 627 Kalèntzis 413 Kemal Re’is 49 Kalès tis Nymfaìas 693 Kenchreai 184 Kalliergis, Georgios, Byzantine artist (14C) Kenkreai, Pyramid of 228 65, 610, 630 (Corinth) 177 (see also Athens, Kallikrates (see Callicrates) Kerameikos) Kallimachos (see Callimachus) Kheir ad-Din (Barbarossa) 49, 358 Kallion 476 Kiàto 189 Kallithèa (Achaia) 414 Kierion 543 Kallithera, 542 Kìlkis 635 Kallìthiro 542 Kionia 332 Kalò Nerò 349 Kìpi 524 Kalòkastro 650 Kìrra 473 Kalpàki 526 Kissòs 568 Karaïskakis, Georgios 479 Kithairon, Mount (Kithairònos) 419, 424 Karakàllou (Athos) 674, 674 Kitros (Byzantine city) 585 Kardam`yli 334 Klàdeos, river 364, 365 Kardìtsa 543 Kleidì 624 Karìtaina 278–79 Kleidì (Elis) 393 Kàrla, lake 570 Kleidònia 524 INDEX 725

Kleisoùra Pass 300 Kronos, Mount 365 412 Kyllìni 395 Kleitorìa 412 Kynaithes 408 Kleonai 200 Kynouria 288ff Klephts 49, 566 Kyparìssi (Laconia) 292 Kilàda 255 Kyparissìa (Arcadia) 278 Koimìsis tis Theotòkou (Àno Vòlos) 556, Kyparissìa (Messenia) 349 557 Kypàrissos 331 Koimìsis tis Theotòkou (Chr`ysafa) 317 Kypsela 699 Koimìsis tis Theotòkou (Kalambàka) 545 Kypselos (see Cypselus) Koimìsis tis Theotòkou (Ligouriò) 230 Koimìsis tis Theotòkou (Molybdoskèpastos) L 526 Lacedaemonia (Byzantine city) 300, 306 Koimìsis tis Theotòkou (Nèa Iraìo) 229 Lacedaemonians 304 (see also Sparta) Kòkkino Nerò 571 Lachanàs 650 Kokytos (see Cocytus) Laconia 297ff Kolokotronis, Theodoros 51, 53, 155, 201, Laconian League 325, 327 234, 237, 265, 272, 278, 286, 334; Ladochòri 510 (birthplace of) 287; (tomb of) 106 Lady of Kalymnos 98 Kombòti 506 Laius, king of Thebes 419 Komotinì 692–93, 692 Lambardis, Bishop Ananias 312 Kònitsa 525 Lamìa 477 Konstamonìtou (Athos) 676–77 Lamian War 576, 588 Kopai 429 Langàda 333 Kopaïs, lake 417, 429 Langadàs 649 Kopanòs 628 Langàdia 286 Korais, Adamantios 51 Lapiths and Centaurs, battle between (sculp- Kore (see ) tures at Olympia) 386–87, 386 Korone 343, 358 Làrissa 536, 575–76 Koròni 49, 356, 358–59 Làrissa (citadel of Argos) 224 , monastery (Lake Megdovo) 542 Larissa Kremaste 563 Kosmàs 292 Las 327, 328 Kòtronas 333 Lascaris, John IV, emperor 45 Kòttes 570 Lascaris, Theodore 45 Koukoulì 528 Làvara 700 Koulouleìka 570 Làvrion 134–35 Koundouriotis, Georgios 53 Leake, Lt. Col William Martin 492, 502, Koutloumousìou (Athos) 671 510, 517, 543, 544, 579; (on Koutsòchero 576 Acrocorinth) 180; (on Corinth) 169; (on Kozàni 635 the Mani) 327; (on Methòni) 358; (at Kranìdi 255 Olympia) 364; (on Prèveza) 499; (on Krannon 536, 576 Sikyon) 191; (on Treasury of Atreus) 210 Krates, engineer (4C BC) 430 Lear, Edward 515–16 Kremastòn, lake 479 Lechaion 55, 184 Krìni 414 Lefkàdia 627–28 Krinìdes 660 Lefkòpetra 634 Krisa 444–45, 446 Leigh Fermor, Patrick 326, 334, 541 Kritias Boy (see Critian Boy) Leochares, sculptor (4C BC) 383 Krokeai 319 Leondàri 277 Krokìleio 476 Leonidas, hero of Thermopylae 298, 305, 726 INDEX

431–32; (bust of) 303, 303 Magoùla Plataniòtiki 563 Leonìdion 291 Magoulianà 287 Leòntio, Leontion 413 Mahmoud II, sultan 52, 597 Lepanto, battle of 49, 475 Maina, castle of 330 Lèpreo, Lepreon 394 Maison, General Nicolas 350, 358, 405 Lerna 11, 254; (finds from) 220 Makrakòmi 478 Leto, goddess 131 Màkri 696–97 Leucothea, goddess 182 Makriyiannis, Yiannis 476 Leuctra, battle of 17, 299–300, 417, 433–34 Makrynìtsa 566, 567 Levìdi 273 Makrynòros, mountains 494 Lianoklàdi (finds from) 477 Malthi, site of 349; (finds from) 343, 349 Libon of Elis, architect (5C BC) 375 Màndalo, Mandalon 620, 624 Lidorìki 476 Mani 155, 326ff, 329 Ligouriò 229 269–72; (finds from 266); (first Likòcheia 278 battle of) 219, 271; (second battle of) Limbovìsi 287 219, 267, 270, 271 Linear A 11 Marathon 15, 138–40 11, 12, 207, 217, 227, 363; (Pylos) Marathonìsi 325 12, 353, 354, 355, 356; (Thebes) 422 Marcus Aurelius, emperor 147, 150 Linòs 692 Mardonius, Persian commander 152, 418, Lion Gate (Mycenae) 213–14, 213 433, 666 Lìsi 509 Margarìti 528 Litòchoro 579–80 Mark Antony 499, 660 Little Refugee, The 97 Maroneia 694–95; (finds from) 693 Protocol, the 53 Mars and Neptune, temple of () Longanìkos 278 501 Loudìas, lake 623 Mascholoùri 543 Louis, Spyridon 68, 367 Matapan, Cape (see Tainaron) Loukadikà 333 Maurice, Emperor 320 Loùsios Gorge 283–84 Mavrodaphne (wine) 404 Lousoi 410 Mavrolòngos Valley 580, 581 Loutrà (Macedonia) 680 Mavromàti 344 Loutrà Kyllìnis 396 Mavromichalis, Petrobey 155, 234, 327 Loutrà Loutrakìou 627 Mavrovoùni 571 Loutrà Platystòmou 478 161, 555 Loutrà Smòkovou 480 Megà Choriò 479 Loutrà Thèrmis 665 Megà Spìlaion, monastery 409–10 Loutràki 187 Megàli Panaghìa (Macedonia) 666 Ludwig I, King of Bavaria 238 Megàlo Pàpingo 524 Lycurgus 119, 300 Megàlo T`ympano 691 L`ykaion 277 Megalòpolis 273–76, 275 Lykòsoura 276; (finds from) 266 Mègara 151–52 Lysippus, sculptor (4C BC) 173, 190 Megdovo, lake 542, 542 Mehmet Ali 662 M Mehmet I, sultan 47 Macedonia 17, 159, 587ff Mehmet II, sultan 47–48, 132, 155, 178, Macedonian school (Byzantine art) 64, 670, 401 672 Mehmet IV, sultan 579 Macedonian Wars 588 (see also , Pavlos 641 Cynoscephalae, Pydna) Melathrià 318 INDEX 727

Meleager 491 Mistrà 310–17, 313 Meliboias 571; (finds from) 556 Mithridates, King of Pontus 19, 419, 435 Meligalàs 349 Mitrikò 693 Melikertes, myths concerning 182 Mitròpoli 542 Melìssi 192, 623 Mnesicles, architect (5C BC)73 Melissochòri 543 Moglena, Byzantine city 627 Melivìa 571 (see also Meliboias) Molossians 498, 518 Mende 680 Molybdoskèpastos 526 Menelaion 307–09; (finds from) 304 Monastiràki (Phocis) 475 , King of Sparta 298, 299, 325, 341 Monemvasià 319–24, 323 Mesembria-Zone 695–96; (finds from) 693, Monì Elònas 291 698 Monì Kalamìou (Gortys) 285 Mesolòngi (see Missolonghi) Monì Pètras (Katafygi) 543 Mesopòtamos 528 Monì Sepetoù 392 Messe 327, 330 Monì Timìou Prodròmou 652 Messene 344–48 Monì Xeniàs 563 Messenia 341ff Monodèndri 524, 524 Messenian Wars 341 Monoklissià 650 Messenians (at Naupaktos) 341, 474, 492 Morea, the 153 (see also Peloponnese) Metamòrfosis, church of (Galaxìdi) 474 Morea, castle of 405 Metamòrfosis, church of (Mani) 334 Mòrnos, river 475–76 Metèora 535, 546–49, 547 Morosini, Francesco 155, 231, 239, 334, Mèthana 257 352, 358 Methòni 356, 357–58 Moschophoros 79, 80 Metropolis (of Mistrà) 312 Moùchli 254 Metropolis (Thessaly) 542 Mourning Athena 80 Mètsovo 544, 545 Moustoù, lake 288 Metternich, Prince 52, 351 Munychia (Piraeus) 122 Mexiàtes 478 Murad I, sultan 47, 589, 700 Mèzapos 330 Murad II, sultan 47, 589, 593 Miaoulis, Andreas 121 Muses 424, 425, 470, 580 Michael I, emperor 498, 502, 505, 512 Museum of the Mani 333 Michael II, emperor 474, 575 Museum of the Olive (Sparta) 304 Michael III, emperor 60 Museum of Water Power (Dimitsàna) 286 Michalìtsi 501; (finds from) 513 Mycenae 202–18 Midèa 227 (Grave Circle A 214–15, 215 Mieza 627 Grave Circle B 211 Mikrò Choriò 479 Lion Gate 213–14, 213 Mikrò Pàpingo 525 Treasury of Atreus 209–11, 209 Mikrothìves 563 Mycenaean civilisation 11–12, 154, 204–06; Miliès 568 (Gla) 429; (Orchomenòs) 428; (Pylos) Milìna 570 353–56; (Thebes) 420, 422; (Tiryns) Milopòtamos 568, 569 240–45 Miltiades, Athenian general 139 M`yli 253 Mimar Sinan (see Sinan) Mylonas, Professor George 207, 216 Minoan civilisation 11, 12 Myrkinos 650 325, 427, 428, 430 Myrtià 487 Miràka 363 Myrtilos, charioteer 385 Mìschos 694 Mysteries of Eleusis (see Eleusis) Missolònghi 53, 490–500 M`ytikas 495 728 INDEX

N Oiniadae 492–93 Naupaktos (see Messenians) Oinomaos, myths concerning 385 Nàfpaktos 474–75 Oinoùssa 652 Nàfplion 230–38, 230, 235; (Greek govern- Oinoussai Islands 358 ment in) 53 Oìti, Mount 477, 478 Nàousa 627 Oitilo, ancient city 327 (see also Ìtylo) Napoleon, Napoleonic Wars 50, 493, 499, Olympia 364–92, 382 544 Games 365–68, 391 National Assembly (Argos) 219; (Àstros) Museums 368, 384–92 288; (Epìdavros) 52, 253; (Troezen) 256 Treasuries 380 Navarino (see Pylos) Olympus, Mount 570, 579–80 Navarino, battle of 53, 351 Olynthos 678–79 Nazis 410, 440, 595 Ombriakì 479 Nèa Anchiàlos 562 Omòlio 578 Nèa Epìdavros 253 Omorfoklissìa 643 Nèa Fòkaia 680 Omphalos (at Delphi) 464 Nèa Gynaikokàstro 635–36 Onouphrios, fresco artist (16C) 641 Nèa Iraìo 229 Opheltes, myths concerning 198 Nèa Màlgara 624 Oracles (general) 519–21; (Corinth) 174; Nèa Nikomèdia 628 (Delphi) 13, 15, 19, 20, 443, 446, 457; Nèa Potidaìa 680 (Dodòna) 13, 22, 520; (Skotoùssa) 562; Nèa Skiòni 680 (Tainaron) 332 Nemèa 197–200 Orchomenòs (Arcadia) 272–73 Nemesis, goddess 140; temple of Orchomenòs (Boeotia) 427–28 (Rhamnous) 141 206, 256 Neo-Patras (see Ypati) Orpheus 584 Neochòri (Lake Megdovo) 542 Osios Loukas (see Hosios Loukas) Neokastro (see Pylos) Osman Shah Djami (Trìkala) 538 Nèos Marmaràs 681 Òssa, Mount 570, 571 Neposi Castle 682 Ostracism, system of 85 Neraïdochòri 540 Otho, King of Greece 53, 69, 71, 108, 231, Nero, emperor 19, 183, 185, 226, 367, 378, 232, 238, 474, 490 421, 447, 457 Ottomans, 46ff; (decline of) Necromanteion of Ephyra (see Ephyra) 49–50, (and Ali Pasha) 517; (in Athens) Nestor 341; (grotto of) 353; (palace of) 71, 79, 90; () 351; (at 353–56 Missolonghi) 491; (in Boeotia) 420; (in Nèstos, river 690 Epirus) 499, 502, 512, 523, 526; (in Nicaea 45, 505, 589, 639; (Council of) 39 Macedonia) 589, 593, 639, 651, 656; (in Nicephorus Phocas 674, 675 Peloponnese) 48, 49, 155, 231, 265, Nicopolis (ancient site) 500–01 311, 327, 356, 358, 357, 401; (in Nike of Paionios 378, 389 Thessaloniki) 596; (in Thessaly) 536, Nikitas (Nikitas Stametoulopoulos) 234 537, 548, 569, 575; (in Thrace) 47, 687, Nikìtis 681 688, 697, 700, 702; (in War of Nikli, Byzantine city 267, 269 Independence) 52, 201, 265 Nikòpolis 500 Ottoman monuments (Àrta) 505–06; (Didymòteicho) 701; (Kavàla) 662; O (Thessalonìki) 604, 605; (Trìkala) 538; Octavian (see Augustus) (Vèroia) 631; (Vònitsa Castle) 494–95 Oedipus 419, 424 Ouranòpolis 667 , King of Calydon 491 Ovid 132 INDEX 729

P Panaghìa Soùmela 634 Pachomios, Archimadrite of Mistra 312, 313 Panaghìa Spiliàs (Thessaly) 541 Paeonius (see Paionios) Panaghìa Tripitì (Aìgion) 406 Paganism, abolition of 40, 54, 365 Panathenaic festival 70, 78 559–60; (finds from) 556 Pandermalis, Dimitrios 582, 583 Pagonis, Ioannis, fresco artist (19C) 568, 568 Pandosia, site of 528 Paionios, sculptor (5C BC) 376, 378, 385, Panhellenic Games 13 (Delphi) 445, 446, 389, 680 459; (Isthmia) 182; () 198, 199; Palaeologue dynasty 155, 315 (Olympia) 365–67 Palaeologus, Constantine 395, 401 Panselinos, Manuel, fresco artist 670, 671 Palaeologus, Demetrius 155 Pantànassa (Mistrà) 314 Palaeologus, John 344 Pantarkes, boy wrestler 377 Palaeologus, Michael VII 320 Panteleìmon, monastery (Ioànnina) 516 Palaeologus, Michael VIII 45, 46, 311, 318, Pantokràtoros (Athos) 673 478 Pàos 412 Palaeologus, Theodore 231 Papanastasiou, Alexandros 273 Palaeologus, Thomas 155, 277, 401, 404 Papandreou, George 413 Palaerus 495 Papìkion, Mount 692 Palaià Episkopì 269 Paralìa (Katerìnis) 584 Palaimon (Melikertes), myths concerning Paramythià 526 182 Paravòla 488 Palaimoneion (Isthmia) 183 Pàrga 511–12 Palaiò Fàliro 131 Parnassus, Mount 470–71 Palaiòkastro (P`ylos) 352 Paròri Gorge 310 Palaiokastro Gortynias 279; (finds from) Parthènion, Mount 254 266, 304 Parthenònas 681 Palaiomànina 493 Pasavàs, castle of 328 Palaiopy`rgos 526 Passaron 518 Palaiòs Àghios Athanàsios 626 Pàtras 399–404 Palamas, Archbishop Gregory 604, 611 Paul, St 19, 99, 159, 500, 589, 592, 594, Palamedes 231 629, 631, 653, 657, 658, 661, 684 Palatìtsia, palace of 633 Paullus, Lucius Aemilius 455, 466, 585 Pallàntio, Pallantion 272 20, 73, 175, 341; (on Amyklai) Palmer, Eva 444 309; (on Aphrodite Erykine) 412; (on the Pambòtis, lake 512, 515–16, 516 Argive Heraion) 226; (on Argos) 222; (on Pan, myths concerning 139, 254, 472 Bassae) 282; (on Corinth) 159, 161, 168, Pan, sanctuary of (Lykaion) 277 171, 172, 174; (on Corycian Cave) 472; Pan-Arcadian League 274 (on Delphi) 448; (on Eleutherai) 423; Panaghìa Chrysafiòtissa (Chry`safa) 317 (on Epidaurus) 248; (on Helike) 407; Panaghìa Chrysafiòtissa (Monemvasià) 322 (on the Loùsios river) 285; (on Panaghìa Dourahàn, monastery (Epirus) 518 Lykòsoura) 276, 277; (on Battle of Panaghìa Koubelidìki (Kastorià) 641 Marathon) 139; (on Megarians)152; (on Panaghia Field 177 Mycenae) 205; (on Pallantion) 272; (on Panaghìa, church of (Aghìa Triàda, Argolid) Patras Odeion) 403; (on Rhamnous) 141; 229 (on statue of Athena) 377; (on Tegea) Panaghìa, church of (Gastoùni) 394 268; (on Temple of Hera at Olympia) Panaghìa Hodeghìtria (Mistra) 312–13, 313 382; (on the Spartans) 302; (on the Panaghìa Mavriòtissa (Kastorià) 642 Stymphalian Birds)193; (on Tiryns) 240; Panaghìa Olimpiòtissa (Elassòna) 577 (on Troezen) 257 Panaghìa Parigorìtissa (Àrta) 504 Payne, Humfry 188, 202 730 INDEX

Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil 211 Pheidon, King of Argos 219 Pefkàkia 558 Pheneos, site of 193 Peirene, fountain of (Corinth) 174 Pherai 536, 562 Peirene, spring (Acrocorinth) 180 Pherenike (at Olympic Games) 379 Peisistratus, tyrant of Athens 15, 70, 78, 147 Phigaleia 282 Pèlion 564ff, 565, 567, 569 Philanthròpinon, monastery of (Ioannina) Pèlla 619–22, 620 517 Pellàna 278; (finds from) 304 Philià 543 Pellene, site of 192 Philike Etaireia, revolutionary society 51, Peloponnese 153ff 506 Peloponnesian Folklore Foundation 238 Philip II, King of Macedon 17, 536, 582, Peloponnesian League 299 653, 657, 678; (annexes Thessaly) 575; Peloponnesian War 16, 70, 158, 219, 256, (at Chaironeia) 17, 434; (refounds 299; (Mantineia in) 271; (Megara in) Plataea) 433; (at Delphi) 446–47; 152; (Thebes in) 419 (invades Corinth) 159; (at Olympia) 383; Pelops, King 365, 383, 385 (murder of) 17, 633; (tomb of) 598, Pendàlofos 493 632–33, 633 Perachòra 187ff Philip V of Macedon 18, 393, 413, 485, 492, Pèrama 518 493, 522, 562, 582, 588 Perdiccas of Macedon 587, 632 Philippi 656–60 Periander, tyrant of Corinth 158, 185, 529 Philippi, battle of 19, 660 Pericles 16, 70, 76-77, 119, 147, 492 Philo, architect (4C BC) 119, 121 Peristèra 665 271, 274, 300, 345, 400 Perivleptos (Mistra) 314 Philosophou, monsteries (Loùsios Gorge) Perivòlia 282 284 Persephone, myths concerning 146 Philothèou (Athos) 673 Perseus, King of Macedon 498, 575, 582, Phlious 200 585, 588 Phocis 443ff Perseus, legends concerning 154 Phrosyne, Kyra 515, 517 Persia, Persians (threat to Byzantium) 42, 60, Phryne 99, 425, 426 70, 73, 578, 599 Phthiotic Thebes, site of 563 Persian Wars 15, 431–33, 433, (Arcadia in) Phthiotis 477–78 263; (Argos in) 219; (Athens in) 433; Pièria 424, 580–85 (Corinth in) 158; (Battle of Marathon) Pikionis, Dimitris (1887–1968) 100, 553 138; (Mycenae in) 205; (Orchomenòs in) Pikrolìmni 636 427; (Sparta in) 299, 431–33, 433; 367, 417, 419, 575 (Tegea in) 267; (Thebes in) 418, 433 Pindus mountains 543–45 Pertoùli 540 Pineiòs dam 396 Petalìdi 358; (finds from) 343 Piraeus 118ff, 118 Petràlona Cave 678 Pirithous 376, 386–87 Petres, site of 626 Plaìsio 510 Petrotò 540 Plastiras, Col. Nikolaos 543 Phaedra, myths concerning 256 Plastiras, lake (see Megdovo) Phaedriades (Delphi) 443, 472 Plataea, battle of 417, 418, 432 Pharai 343 Plataeans (in Battle of Marathon) 138, 140 Pharsalus, battle of 19, 480 Platamònas, castle of 580 Pheia, remains of 394 Plàtanos 413 Pheidias, sculptor (5C BC) 29, 76, 77, 96, Platarià 510 370, 377; (workshop of) 365, 370, 384 Plato 67, 68, 101 Pheidippides 139, 254 Plàtsa 334 INDEX 731

Plethon, Gemistos 311 Provatàs 650 489 Provlaka Canal 666 Pliasìdi 566 Psamathous 332 Plotinoupolis (see Didymoteicho) Psammetichus 158 Plutarch 67, 434, 435, 466 Psaràdes 645–46 Poly`anthos 691 Psathòpyrgos 405 Poly`chrono 680 413 Polyclitus, sculptor (5C BC) 96, 190, 226 Pteleon, Homeric city 563 Polyclitus the Younger, sculptor (4C BC) 247 Py`dna 585; (battle of) 19, 498, 585, 588 Poly`droso 498 Py`los 350–51 (see also Elean Pylos; Triphyllian Poly`gyros 678 Pylos) Polyneices 419 Pyrasos 526 480, 575, 592, 629 Py`rgos (Macedonia) 624 Population exchange between Turkey and Py`rgos Diroù 329 Greece 71, 587, 687 Py`rgos Ràghiou, fortress of 507–09 Pòrta Panaghìa, church of (Thessaly) 539 Pyrrhus, king of Epirus 18, 219, 300, 305, Portarià 566 498, 502, 504, 522, 536, 540, 588 Portino, Manfredo, architect (20C) 613 Pythian Games (see Panhellenic Games, Delphi) Pòrto Germenò 423 Py`thio 701 Pòrto Kàgio 331 Python, serpent 444, 452 Pòrto Làgos 693 Portochèli 255 Q Poseidon 69, 256; (bronze statue of) 96 Quietists (see Hesychasts) Poseidon, temples and sanctuaries of (? Asea) 274; (Cape Kassàndras) 681; (Ermiòni) R 255; (Isthmia) 183; (? Pallantion) 272; Rachi, ancient site 181 (Sounion) 133, 134; (Tainaron) 332 Rachòna 623 Potidaia 16, 680 Ràghio 507 Pottery 31ff, 67, 98; (Athenian) 32, 34; Red-figure ware (see Pottery) (black-figure) 34, 34; (Corinthian) 33, Rendìna Castle 684 33; (Mycenaean) 31, 32, 266; (red-figure) Rendìna, monastery of 480 35, 630; (white-ground) 37 Rhamnous 140–42 Poulìthra 292 Rigas Feraios (Antonios Kyriazis) 51, 561, Prastòs 290 567 Praxiteles, sculptor (4C BC) 382, 390, 390, Rìo 404 425, 426 Ritsos, Iannis 321 Prespa National Park 645–46 Roche, Otho de la 45, 143, 231, 420 Prèveza 499 Rodotòpi 518 Priòlithos 412 Roger, King of Sicily 420 Priònia 580 Roghi, castle of 502 Prodròmi 527 Roman Greece 18–20, 536, 562, 575, 585, Pròdromos, monastery of (Ioannina) 516 588, 589; (in Corinth) 159; (in Patras) Prodròmou, monastery of (Lousios Gorge) 403–04 284 Rousànou (Metèora) 535, 549 Proerna, ancient 480 Roussikò (Athos) 676 Profìtis Ilìas, church of (Longanìkos) 278 Runciman, Sir Steven 44, 310 Prom`yri 569 Russia (role in Greek affairs) 50–51, 52, 53, Pros`ymna 227 351, 511 Pròtaton, church of (Athos) 671 Russo-Turkish War 50 Proùsos Gorge and monastery 479 732 INDEX

S Smirtoùla 500 Sabina, empress 150 Smòlikas, Mount 526 Sacred Wars 445–46 Socrates 622, 680 Sagiàda 509–10 Solon 15, 70, 99 Salis, site of 698 Sophocles 67, 101, 117 Salonica (see Thessaloniki) Sosthenis 478 Samikon 393 Sotìras Christòs, church of (Vèroia) 65, 630 Sandalbinder 80 Sotìros, church of (Àmphissa) 473 Sanì 680 Souflì 699 Sarakatsanoi 540, 541, 545; (museum of) Souli, castle of 527–28 651–52 Souli, Souliots 526–28, 528, 531 Sarandàri 478 Sounion 132–34, 134 Sarmatians 147 Soùrpi 563 Schliemann, Heinrich 68, 140, 206, 211, Sparta, Spartans 14, 298–307, 653; (and 215, 240, 427; (house in Athens) 109; Argos) 219; (and Athens) 16; (Homeric (tomb of) 106 town) 278, 297, 298; (defeat at Leuctra) Secret schools (during Ottoman Empire) 284 17, 423, 433; (and Mantineia) 271; Seliàna 408 (Battle of Marathon) 139; (and Selim I, sultan 668 Megalopolis) 274; (and Messenia) 341; Selinous Valley 406 (at Plataea) 433; (break sacred truce) Seljuks 42, 43 365; (Battle of Sphacteria) 352; (and Serbs 46, 548, 575, 589, 657 Tegea) 267, 299; (and Thebes) 299; (at Sèrres 650–52, 652 Thermopylae) 15, 431–32; (in War of 561; (finds from) 94, 556 Independence) 298 Seven Against Thebes 419 Spercheiai 478 Sfaktiria, Island of 351–52 Sphacteria, battle of 352 Sgouros, Leon, Archon of Nafplion 178 Sphinx, myths concerning 419 Siàtista 643 Spìlaio ton Lìmnon 412 Sikelianos, Angelos, museums to (Corinthia) Spilià 577 192; (Delphi) 444 Spon, Jacob 447, 512 Sikyon 189–91 Stàgira, Stageira 683 Sikyonians, treasury of (Delphi) 450 Stavronikìta (Athos) 673 Simonòpetra (Athos) 676 Stavroùpolis 690 Sinan Pasha (1490–1588) 538, 702 Stemnìtsa 282 Sìndos 624 Stenà tis Pòrtas 539 Siphnians, treasury of (Delphi) 450, 462 Stenò (Arcadia) 265 Sisyphus 185 Stimànga 189 Sithonìa 681–82 Stoa Poikile (Olympia) 379 (see also Athens: Skilloùntia, Skillous 392 Stoa Poikile) Skione 680 Stòmio 571 Skopadai, ancient tribe 536, 576 Stoùpa 334 Skopas, sculptor (4C BC) 268 257; (on Boeotians) 417; (on Skortzinòs 277 Dodòna) 519; (on Lake Kopaïs) 430; (on Skotoùssa 519, 562 Thespiai) 426; (on statue of Zeus) 377 Skoufas, Nikolaos 506 Stràtos 488–89 Skrìpou, church of 64, 427 Stryme, site of 693 Skylosophos, Dionysus the 512, 515, 537 Strymon, river (Strymònas) 650 Slavs 20, 41, 42, 60, 155, 263, 300, 343, Stuart and Revett 67, 73 352, 349, 405, 492, 589, 593, 625, 646 Stympahlian Birds 193 Smèrtos 509 Stymphalos 192 INDEX 733

Sty`ri, Styris 437, 438, 440 546, 670, 674 Styx, river 407, 564 Theophilos, artist (Theophilos Hatzimichaïl, Suleiman I, sultan 49 1873–1934) 91, 557, 566 Sulla, Roman general 19, 70, 121, 246, 419, Theotòkos, church of (Hòsios Loùkas) 440 427, 435, 447, 455 Thèrmi 665 Sy`mvola 693 Thèrmo, Thermon 22, 485–87 Sy`naxi 695 Thermopylae, battle of 15, 431–32; (finds Sy`vota 510 from) 98 Thersileion (Megalòpolis) 276 T Theseus 76, 139, 256, 387 Taìnaron, Cape 332 Thespiai 425, 426 Talbot Rice, David 143, 314 Thesprotia 507 Tanàgra 422, 423; (finds from) 422 Thessalian Plain 480 Tarsìna 189 Thessalonìki 18, 46, 592ff Taxiarchs, church of (Melissochòri) 543 Acheiropoìetos 59, 603 Taxiarchs, church of (Skortzinòs) 277 Acropolis 608–11 Taxiàrches Mitropòleos (Kastorià) 641 Ag. Aikaterìni 612 Tay`getos, Mount 297, 301, 310, 325, 341 Ag. Apòstoloi 65 Tegea 267–69, 271, 293; (finds from) 266, Ag. Dimìtrios 59, 605–08, 609 268 Ag. Georgios (see Rotunda) Tekkès tou Bektasì 563 Ag. Gregoris Palamà 604 Tempe, Vale of 445, 577–78 Ag. Nikòlaos Orfanòs 65, 610 Terpnì 653 Ag. Panteleìmonos 600 Teuthrone, site of 333 Ag. Sofìa 61, 603–04 Thalàmes, Thalamai 333 Arch of Galerius 599–600 Thaumakoi 480 Archaeological Museum 597–98 Theatres Bey Hammam 604 (Aigeìra) 407; (Archaìa Epìdavros) 253; Byzantine Museum 598–99 (Argos) 223; (Corinth) 177; (Delphi) Dòdeca Apòstoloi 612 458; (Dodòna) 521–22, 521; (Epidaurus) Eptapy`rgion 611 250–52, 252; (Gy`thion) 325; (Isthmia) Hamza Bey Djami 605 183; (Kassope) 531; (Maroneia) 694; Hòsios Davìd 59, 612 (Megalòpolis) 275, 276; (Nicopolis) 500; Monì Vlatàdon611 (Orchomenòs) 428; (Philippi) 658; Palace of Galerius 599 (Sikyon) 191; (Sparta) 306; (Vergìna) 633 Panaghìa Chalkìon 64, 604 Thebes, Thebans 417–22; (and Athens) 418; Pasha Hammam 613 (at Chaironeia) 434; (at Cynoscephalae) Profìtis Ilìas 608 562; (hegemony in Greece) 417, 419; Roman forum 604 (and Mantineia) 271; (at Plataea) 433; (at Rotunda 600–02, 601 Thermopylae) 432 Vardar Stronghold 613 Theisoa, site of 279 White Tower 597 Themis, temple of (Rhamnous) 141 Virgin of the Coppersmiths (see Panaghìa Themistocles 15, 85, 119, 367 Chalkìon) Theodora, St 503 Thessaly 535ff Theodore Angelus Ducas 498, 575, 589 Thetis 564 Theodosius I, emperor 20, 59, 147, 365, Thìrio 494 447, 593, 594 Thisbe, Thìsvi 426 Theodosius II, emperor 40, 365 Tholos (at Delphi) 464, 467, 468; (at Theodotos, architect (4C BC) 248 Epidaurus) 248 Theophanes the Cretan, fresco artist (16C) Tholos tombs (Fàrsala) 481; (Malthi) 349; 734 INDEX

(Mycenae) 204, 207, 209–12, 209; U (Orchomenòs) 428; (Pellàna) 278; Uroå, Symeon, emperor of Serbia 539, 548 (Py`los) 356; (Vapheìo)309; (Voidokilià) 353 V Thomas Aquinas, St, 67 Valens, emperor 41 Thorikos 135 Valentinian, emperor 147 Thouria 344 Valerian, emperor 147 Thrace 687ff Valtesinìko 287 Thrasymedes of Paros, sculptor 248 Valtètsi 272 Thucydides 16, 77, 298, 653, 654 Valtetsikò, monastery of 577 Thyreion 494 Valtos, castle of 511 Tigàni, promontory 332 Vapheìo 94, 309 Timotheos, sculptor (4C BC) 248 Varnakòva, monastery of 476 Tiryns, Tìryntha 239–45, 243, 244 Varvakeion Athena 96 Tolò 238 Vasilàki 325 Toròni 682 Vasilikò 189, 526 Toxòtes 691 Vasilikò (Messenia) 349 Tragilos 653 Vasses (see Bassae) Trajanopolis, Roman town 698 Vàtheia 331, 331 Trapezous 278 Vatika peninsula 324 Treasuries, of Atreus 209–11, 209; (at Vatopèdi (Athos) 672 Delphi) 446, 450–52; (at Olympia) 380 Vavronas (see Brauron) Trebizond, Empire of 45, 505 Velestìno 561–62; (finds from) 556 Trichonìda, lake 487 Velianì 527 Trìkala 537–39 Veligostì 277 Trikèri 570 Venice, Venetians (in Athens) 71, 72; (in Trikke, Homeric town 537 Epirus) 498, 499, 511; (in Fourth Triphyllian Pylos 394 Crusade) 44; (loses Ionain islands) 51; Trìpi (Laconia) 310 (in Macedonia) 593, 596; (at ) Tripitì 666 475; (in Peloponnese) 155, 231, 311, Trìpolis 52, 264–66 343, 357, 358; (in Thessaly) 558, 563; Tripòtama 413 (war with Ottomans) 48, 49 Tripòtamos Valley 634 Venizelos, Eleftherios 596 Triptolemos, Prince of Eleusis 146 Ventris, Michael 11, 217 Trizìna 256 Vèrgi 653 Troezen 256–57 Vergìna 17, 632–34, 633 Trypitì (Elis) 392 Vergorìtis, lake 626 Tsakonian, dialect 288 Vèrmion, Mount 624, 628 Tsamandàs 510 Vèroia 629–31 Tsangaràda 568 Via Egnatia 691 Tsaritsàni 577 Vìkos Gorge 523–25 Tsitsanis, Vassilis 537 Villehardouin dynasty 155, 287, 394, 395 Turks 343, 480, 585, 623, 687, 692 (see also Villehardouin, Geoffrey de 45, 155, 178, Ottomans) 231, 267, 343, 357, 394, 694 Turks, Seljuk (see Seljuks) Villehardouin, William de 311, 315, 316, 491 318, 320, 330, 343, 394 Ty`mfi mountains 525 Visigoths 20, 40-41 Tymfristòs, Mount 478 Vìtsa 524 Typaneai 393 Vlach, Vlachs 512, 526, 536, 545 Tyros 290 Vlachèrna, monastery (Epirus) 506 INDEX 735

Vlachèrnai, monastery (Elis) 395 Xilòkastro 192 Vlachiòtis 319 Xyniai 479 Vogatsikò 643 Voidokilià 353 Y Vòlos 553–56 Ypapàndi (Metèora) 549 Vònitsa 494–95 Ypàti 477–78 Vorres Museum 138 Ypatos, Ioannis 132 Voskochòri 634 Ypselotèra (Metèora) 549 Votonòsi 513, 544 Ypsilantis, Alexandros 51–52, 219 Vouliagmèni 131 Ypsilantis, Dimitrios (brother of Alexandros) Voulkàno, monastery (Messenia) 348 253 Vouraïkòs Gorge 409 Vrachàti 189 Z Vravròna (see Brauron) Zachloroù 409 Vrellis Museum 518 Zagorà 567 Vrontòchion (Mistra) 312 Zagòria region (Epirus) 523–25 Vytìna 287 Zàlongo, monastery of 531 Zàraka, of 192 W Zarax, acropolis of 293 War of Independence 52–53, 155, 219, 231, Zàrkos 577 278, 311, 320, 327, 399; (beginnings at Zarnata, castle of 334 Aghìa Làvra); 410; (and Missolònghi) Zeus (bronze statue of 96); (chryselephantine 491; (Souliots in) 528; (Trìpolis in) 265 statue of) 29, 370, 377–78; (myths con- 12, 31, 32, 32, 216 cerning) 405, 424, 443 Wheler and Spon, travellers to Greece 447 Zeus, temples and sanctuaries of (Àphytos) White-ground ware (see Pottery) 676, 678, 680; (Dìon) 583–84; (Dodòna) Winckelmann, Johann 67, 68, 364 519, 523; (Laconia) 317–18; Wine (Nemèa) 201; (Tselepos winery) 269; (Megalòpolis) 276; (Messenia) 348; Mavrodaphne 404; Nàousa 628; Rapsàni (Nemèa) 199; (Passaron) 518; (Olympia) 578 366, 374, 375–78, 384–89, 386; Wiseman, James 529, 530 (Olympus) 579; (Stràtos) 489; (Velestìno) World War Two 132, 569, 589, 628 562 Wounded Gaul 97 Zevgolatiò 189 Ziller, Ernst, architect (1837–1923) 218, X 265, 404, 406 Xànthi 687–88 Zìtsa, monastery of 518 Xenocles, architect (5C BC) 151 Zogràfou (Athos) 677 Xenofòntos (Athos) 676 Zoödòchos Pigì (Ellinokklisìa) 344 159 Zoödòchos Pigì (Geràki) 319 Xeropotàmou (Athos) 671 Zoödòchos Pigì, church of (Karìtaina) 279 Xerxes 15, 431-432, 446, 578, 624, 651, Zygòs, Mount 491 653, 666, 678, 698