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Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Species and Communities Known to Occur in Darlington County, South Carolina March 13, 2012 Scientific Name Common Name USESA Designation State Protection Global Rank State Rank Vertebrate Animals Corynorhinus rafinesquii Rafinesque's Big-eared Bat SE: Endangered G3G4 S2? Kinosternon baurii Striped Mud Turtle G5 SNR Picoides borealis Red-cockaded Woodpecker LE: Endangered SE: Endangered G3 S2 Rana palustris Pickerel Frog G5 SNR Vascular Plants Amorpha georgiana var. georgiana Georgia Leadplant G3T2 S1 Arabis missouriensis Missouri Rock-cress G5 S1 Aristolochia tomentosa Woolly Dutchman's-pipe G5 S1 Astragalus michauxii Sandhills Milkvetch G3 S3 Balduina atropurpurea Purple Balduina G2 S1 Calopogon barbatus Bearded Grass-pink G4? S2 Circaea lutetiana ssp. canadensis Enchanter's Nightshade G5T5 S3 Cladium mariscoides Twig Rush G5 S1 Draba reptans Carolina Whitlow-grass G5 S1 Dryopteris carthusiana Spinulose Shield Fern G5 S1 Helenium pinnatifidum Southeastern Sneezeweed G4 S2 Ilex amelanchier Sarvis Holly G4 S3 Kalmia cuneata White-wicky G3 S2 Lepuropetalon spathulatum Southern Lepuropetalon G4G5 S2 Lygodium palmatum Climbing Fern G4 S3 Lysimachia asperulifolia Rough-leaved Loosestrife LE: Endangered G3 S1 Macbridea caroliniana Carolina Bird-in-a-nest G2G3 S3 Menispermum canadense Canada Moonseed G5 S2S3 Ophioglossum vulgatum Adder's-tongue G5 S2 Pleea tenuifolia Rush False-asphodel G4 SX Psilotum nudum Whisk Fern G5 S1 Pyxidanthera barbulata Well's Pyxie Moss G4 S2 Rhexia aristosa Awned Meadowbeauty G3 S3 Ruellia caroliniensis ssp. ciliosa Sandhills Wild Petunia G5T3T5 S1 Sarracenia rubra Sweet Pitcher-plant G4 S3S4 Scirpus subterminalis Water Bulrush G4G5 SNR Scutellaria parvula Small Skullcap G4 S2S3 Page 1 of 2 Scientific Name Common Name USESA Designation State Protection Global Rank State Rank Solidago bicolor White Goldenrod G5 S2 Solidago verna Spring-flowering Goldenrod G3 S2 Tofieldia glabra White False-asphodel G4 S1S2 Communities Atlantic white cedar swamp G2 S2 Bald cypress - tupelo gum swamp G5 S4 Bottomland hardwoods G5 S4 Hillside herb bog G1 S1 Mesic mixed hardwood forest G5 S4 Pine - scrub oak sandhill G4 S4 Pond pine woodland G4G5 S3 Streamhead pocosin G4 S4 Xeric sandhill scrub G5 S3 Page 2 of 2.

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Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science

PROCEEDINGS of the Indiana Academy of Science Founded December 29, 1885 Volume 87 1977 Benjamin Moulton, Editor Indiana State University Terre Haute, Indiana Spring Meeting April 22, 1977 Indiana University — Purdue University at Indianapolis Indianapolis, Indiana Fall Meeting October 27, 1977 Indiana University- Purdue University at Indianapolis Indianapolis, Indiana Published at Indianapolis, Indiana 1978 1. The permanent address of the Academy is the Indiana State Library, 140 N. Senate Ave., Indianapolis, Indiana 46204. 2. Instructions for Contributors appear at the end of this volume. 3. Exchanges. Items sent in exchange for the Proceedings and correspondence concerning exchange arrangements should be addressed: John Shepard Wright Memorial Library of the Indiana Academy of Science c/o Indiana State Library Indianapolis, Indiana 46204 4. Proceedings may be purchased through the State Library at $7.00 per volume. 5. Reprints of technical papers can often be secured from the authors. They cannot be supplied by the State Library nor by the officers of the Academy. 6. The Constitution and By-Laws reprinted from Vol. 74 are available to members upon appli- cation to the Secretary. Necrologies reprinted from the various volumes can be supplied to relatives and friends of deceased members by the Secretary. 7. Officers whose names and addresses are not known to correspondents may be addressed care of the State Library. Papers published in the Proceedings of the Academy of Science are abstracted or indexed in appropriate services listed here:
Vascular Flora of Gus Engeling Wildlife Management Area, Anderson County, Texas

2003SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST 2(3):347–368 THE VASCULAR FLORA OF GUS ENGELING WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT AREA, ANDERSON COUNTY, TEXAS 1 2,3 2 JASON R. SINGHURST , JAMES C. CATHY , DALE PROCHASKA , 2 4 5 HAYDEN HAUCKE , GLENN C. KROH , AND WALTER C. HOLMES ABSTRACT - Field studies in the Gus Engeling Wildlife Management Area, which consists of approximately 4465.5 ha (11,034.1 acres) of the Post Oak Savannah of Anderson County, have resulted in an annotated checklist of the vascular flora corroborating its remarkable species richness. A total of 930 taxa (excluding family names), belonging to 485 genera and 145 families are re- corded. Asteraceae (124 species), Poaceae (114 species), Fabaceae (67 species), and Cyperaceae (61 species) represented the largest families. Six Texas endemic taxa occur on the site: Brazoria truncata var. pulcherrima (B. pulcherrima), Hymenopappus carrizoanus, Palafoxia reverchonii, Rhododon ciliatus, Trades- cantia humilis, and T. subacaulis. Within Texas, Zigadenus densus is known only from the study area. The area also has a large number of species that are endemic to the West Gulf Coastal Plain and Carrizo Sands phytogeographic distribution patterns. Eleven vegetation alliances occur on the property, with the most notable being sand post oak-bluejack oak, white oak-southern red oak-post oak, and beakrush-pitcher plant alliances. INTRODUCTION The Post Oak Savannah (Gould 1962) comprises about 4,000,000 ha of gently rolling to hilly lands that lie immediately west of the Pineywoods (Timber belt). Some (Allred and Mitchell 1955, Dyksterhuis 1948) consider the vegetation of the area as part of the deciduous forest; i.e., burned out forest that is presently regenerating.
The Vascular Flora of Mason Mountain Wildlife Management Area, Mason County, Texas

2007 SOUTHEASTERNNATURALIST 6(4):683-692 The Vascular Flora of Mason Mountain Wildlife Management Area, Mason County, Texas ' Jason R. Singhurst ,Laura L. Sanchez2, Donnie Frels, Jr.3, T.Wayne Schwertner4, Mark Mitchell4, Sara Moren5, andWalter C. Holmes6 - Abstract A survey of the vascular flora of Mason Mountain Wildlife Management Area, located in the Llano Uplift of Central Texas, was conducted between spring of 2001 and spring of 2006. A total of 693 species and infraspecific taxa in 103 families and 376 genera were documented from 14 plant associations. Poaceae (117 species), Asteraceae (102 species), Fabaceae (46 species), and Euphorbiaceae (31 species) were the families with the largest number of species. Five taxa, Campanula reverchonii (basin bellflower), Eriogonum tenellum Torr. var. ramosissimum (tall buckwheat), Isoetes lithophila (rock quillwort), Packera texensis (Llano groundsel), and Tradescantia pedicellata (Edwards Plateau spiderwort) are endemic to the Llano Uplift, while 24 others are endemic to Texas. Other noteworthy taxa included Isoetes piedmontana (Piedmont quillwort), Pilularia americana (American pillwort), and Senecio ampullaceus (Texas ragwort). Introduction The Llano Uplift (Gould 1975, Lyndon B. Johnson School of Affairs 1978) of Texas comprises about 12,950 km2 (5000 mi2) of gently rolling to hilly lands that lie to the west of Austin and encompasses portions of Blanco, Burnet, Gillespie, Kimble, Llano, Lampasas, Mason, Menard, Mc Culloch, San Saba, and Travis counties. The study area is located in the area eastern portion of the Edwards Plateau vegetation of the state and is characterized by granite outcrops. Correll and Johnston (1970) describe the Edwards Plateau as a region of significant endemism; however, the granite-outcrop portion of this region has received limited botanical ex ploration over the past 150 years.
Newsletter of the Arkansas Native Plant Society

CLAYTONIA Newsletter of the Arkansas Native Plant Society Vol. 30 No. 2 In Memoriam: Dr. Dan Marsh (1933—2010) Fall/Winter 2010 By Theo Witsell Dr. Daniel Lee Marsh, 77, long-time ANPS In this issue: member and retired professor of biology at Henderson State University, died on Monday Remembering Dan Marsh July 26, 2010. He was born on June 2, 1933 Page 1 in Jonesboro. Dan was a mentor to many botany students, young and old, formal and U.S. Botanists Endangered informal. He will be remembered for his gift of inspiring those around him to appreciate Page 3 and seek to understand the wonders of the natural world. Dan was knowledgeable about Mid-South Native Plant many aspects of the Arkansas flora but was Conference especially expert in some of the most difficult Page 5 and under-appreciated groups of plants—the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Dan loved On the Trail of Demaree, being in the field and was a gifted teacher in both the classroom and in the woods. Moore, Palmer and Harvey Page 6 Dan had a big interest in the smallest plants and was fond of crawling around on his hands Spring Meeting Minutes and knees in interesting habitats engaged in Page 9 what he referred to as “belly botany”. He was Dr. Daniel L. Marsh, Professor Emeritus of Biology at Henderson the state’s foremost authority on the bryophytes and, in his usual good-natured State University and ANPS member. Native Gardening Workshop in Photo by John Pelton Conway humor, refused to call them “the lower plants” as most botanists do.
Native Vascular Plants

!Yt q12'5 3. /3<L....:::5_____ ,--- _____ Y)Q.'f MUSEUM BULLETIN NO.4 -------------- Copy I NATIVE VASCULAR PLANTS Endangered, Threatened, Or Otherwise In Jeopardy In South Carolina By Douglas A. Rayner, Chairman And Other Members Of The South Carolina Advisory Committee On Endangered, Threatened And Rare Plants SOUTH CAROLINA MUSEUM COMMISSION S. C. STATE LIR7~'· '?Y rAPR 1 1 1995 STATE DOCU~ 41 ;::,·. l s NATIVE VASCULAR PLANTS ENDANGERED, THREATENED, OR OTHERWISE IN JEOPARDY IN SOUTH CAROLINA by Douglas A. Rayner, Chairman and other members of the South Carolina Advisory Committee on Endangered, Threatened, and Rare Plants March, 1979 Current membership of the S. C. Committee on Endangered, Threatened, and Rare Plants Subcommittee on Criteria: Ross C. Clark, Chairman (1977); Erskine College (taxonomy and ecology) Steven M. Jones, Clemson University (forest ecology) Richard D. Porcher, The Citadel (taxonomy) Douglas A. Rayner, S.C. Wildlife Department (taxonomy and ecology) Subcommittee on Listings: C. Leland Rodgers, Chairman (1977 listings); Furman University (taxonomy and ecology) Wade T. Batson, University of South Carolina, Columbia (taxonomy and ecology) Ross C. Clark, Erskine College (taxonomy and ecology) John E. Fairey, III, Clemson University (taxonomy) Joseph N. Pinson, Jr., University of South Carolina, Coastal Carolina College (taxonomy) Robert W. Powell, Jr., Converse College (taxonomy) Douglas A Rayner, Chairman (1979 listings) S. C. Wildlife Department (taxonomy and ecology) INTRODUCTION South Carolina's first list of rare vascular plants was produced as part of the 1976 S.C. En dangered Species Symposium by the S. C. Advisory Committee on Endangered, Threatened and Rare Plants, 1977. The Symposium was a joint effort of The Citadel's Department of Biology and the S.
List of Plant Species Occurring at Kingsland Prairie Conservation Area - Updated 23 September 2017 - 447 Taxa

List of plant species occurring at Kingsland Prairie Conservation Area - Updated 23 September 2017 - 447 taxa. Scientific name Common name Strata Frequency Habitat Source PTERIDOPHYTES Asplenicaceae Asplenium platyneuron ebony spleenwort herb 2 D 3 Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium aquilinum bracken fern herb 3 D 6 Dryopteridaceae Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas fern herb 2 E 3 Onocleaceae Onoclea sensibilis sensitive fern herb 2 E 12 Ophioglossaceae Botrychium virginianum rattlesnake fern herb 1 D 14 Osmundaceae Osmunda cinnamomea cinnamon fern herb 1 C 9 Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis American royal fern herb 1 D 7 Polypodiaceae Pleopeltis polypodioides var. michauxiana resurrection fern herb 2 C, D 3 Thelypteridaceae Phegopteris hexagonoptera southern beech fern herb 2 E 13 Woodsiaceae Athyrium filix-femina var. asplenioides southern lady fern herb 2 E 12 GYMNOSPERMS Cupressaceae Juniperus virginiana eastern red cedar tree, sap, shrub 1 B 3 Pinaceae Pinus echinata shortleaf pine tree, sap 3 B, C 2 Pinus taeda loblolly pine tree, sap 5 B, C, D, F 1 ANGIOSPERMS – MAGNOLIOPSIDA (Dicots) Acanthaceae Justicia ovata var. lanceolata lance-leaf water-willow herb F Ruellia humilis wild petunia herb 3 A 19 Ruellia strepens smooth wild petunia herb 3 D, E 7 Adoxaceae Sambucus canadensis common elderberry shrub 3 C, F 4 Viburnum nudum possum haw tree, shrub 2 D, E 37 Altingaceae Liquidambar styraciflua sweetgum tree, sap 4 D,E 3 Anacardiaceae Rhus copallinum winged sumac shrub 2 C 2 Toxicodendron radicans eastern poison ivy woody vine, herb 4 C,
Saxifragaceae

Flora of China 8: 269–452. 2001. SAXIFRAGACEAE 虎耳草科 hu er cao ke Pan Jintang (潘锦堂)1, Gu Cuizhi (谷粹芝 Ku Tsue-chih)2, Huang Shumei (黄淑美 Hwang Shu-mei)3, Wei Zhaofen (卫兆芬 Wei Chao-fen)4, Jin Shuying (靳淑英)5, Lu Lingdi (陆玲娣 Lu Ling-ti)6; Shinobu Akiyama7, Crinan Alexander8, Bruce Bartholomew9, James Cullen10, Richard J. Gornall11, Ulla-Maj Hultgård12, Hideaki Ohba13, Douglas E. Soltis14 Herbs or shrubs, rarely trees or vines. Leaves simple or compound, usually alternate or opposite, usually exstipulate. Flowers usually in cymes, panicles, or racemes, rarely solitary, usually bisexual, rarely unisexual, hypogynous or ± epigynous, rarely perigynous, usually biperianthial, rarely monochlamydeous, actinomorphic, rarely zygomorphic, 4- or 5(–10)-merous. Sepals sometimes petal-like. Petals usually free, sometimes absent. Stamens (4 or)5–10 or many; filaments free; anthers 2-loculed; staminodes often present. Carpels 2, rarely 3–5(–10), usually ± connate; ovary superior or semi-inferior to inferior, 2- or 3–5(–10)-loculed with axile placentation, or 1-loculed with parietal placentation, rarely with apical placentation; ovules usually many, 2- to many seriate, crassinucellate or tenuinucellate, sometimes with transitional forms; integument 1- or 2-seriate; styles free or ± connate. Fruit a capsule or berry, rarely a follicle or drupe. Seeds albuminous, rarely not so; albumen of cellular type, rarely of nuclear type; embryo small. About 80 genera and 1200 species: worldwide; 29 genera (two endemic), and 545 species (354 endemic, seven introduced) in China. During the past several years, cladistic analyses of morphological, chemical, and DNA data have made it clear that the recognition of the Saxifragaceae sensu lato (Engler, Nat.
A Survey of Tricolpate (Eudicot) Phylogenetic Relationships1

American Journal of Botany 91(10): 1627±1644. 2004. A SURVEY OF TRICOLPATE (EUDICOT) PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS1 WALTER S. JUDD2,4 AND RICHARD G. OLMSTEAD3 2Department of Botany, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 USA; and 3Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 USA The phylogenetic structure of the tricolpate clade (or eudicots) is presented through a survey of their major subclades, each of which is brie¯y characterized. The tricolpate clade was ®rst recognized in 1989 and has received extensive phylogenetic study. Its major subclades, recognized at ordinal and familial ranks, are now apparent. Ordinal and many other suprafamilial clades are brie¯y diag- nosed, i.e., the putative phenotypic synapomorphies for each major clade of tricolpates are listed, and the support for the monophyly of each clade is assessed, mainly through citation of the pertinent molecular phylogenetic literature. The classi®cation of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG II) expresses the current state of our knowledge of phylogenetic relationships among tricolpates, and many of the major tricolpate clades can be diagnosed morphologically. Key words: angiosperms; eudicots; tricolpates. Angiosperms traditionally have been divided into two pri- 1992a; Chase et al., 1993; Doyle et al., 1994; Soltis et al., mary groups based on the presence of a single cotyledon 1997, 2000, 2003; KaÈllersjoÈ et al., 1998; Nandi et al., 1998; (monocotyledons, monocots) or two cotyledons (dicotyledons, Hoot et al., 1999; Savolainen et al., 2000a, b; Hilu et al., 2003; dicots). A series of additional diagnostic traits made this di- Zanis et al., 2003; Kim et al., 2004). This clade was ®rst called vision useful and has accounted for the long recognition of the tricolpates (Donoghue and Doyle, 1989), but the name these groups in ¯owering plant classi®cations.
Flora and Plant Coummunities of Deer Park Prairie

THE VASCULAR FLORA AND PLANT COMMUNITIES OF LAWTHER - DEER PARK PRAIRIE, HARRIS COUNTY, TEXAS, U.S.A. Jason R. Singhurst Jeffrey N. Mink Wildlife Diversity Program 176 Downsville Road Texas Parks & Wildlife Department Robinson, Texas 76706-7276, U.S.A. 4200 Smith School Road [email protected] Austin, Texas 78744, U.S.A. [email protected] [email protected] Katy Emde, Lan Shen, Don Verser Walter C. Holmes Houston Chapter of Department of Biology Native Prairie Association of Texas Baylor University 2700 Southwest Fwy. Waco, Texas 76798-7388, U.S.A. Houston, Texas 77098, U.S.A. [email protected] ABSTRACT Field studies at the Lawther - Deer Park Prairie Preserve, an area of approximately 21 ha (51 acres) of the Gulf Coast Prairies and Marshes vegetation area, have resulted in a description of the vegetation associations and an annotated checklist of the vascular flora. Six plant com- munity associations occur on the property: (1) the Upper Texas Coast Ingleside Sandy Wet Prairie; (2) Eastern Gamagrass - Switchgrass - Yellow Indiangrass Herbaceous Vegetation; (3) Gulf Cordgrass Herbaceous Vegetation; (4) Texas Gulf Coast Live Oak - Sugarberry Forest; (5) Little Bluestem - Slender Bluestem - Big Bluestem Herbaceous Vegetation, and (6) Natural Depressional Ponds. The checklist includes 407 species belonging to 247 genera and 86 families. Forty-six species are non-native. The best-represented families (with species number following) are Poaceae (84), Asteraceae (68), Cyperaceae (33), and Fabaceae (19). West Gulf Coastal Plain (eastern Texas and western Louisiana) endemics include Helenium drummondii, Liatris acidota, Oenothera lindheimeri, and Rudbeckia texana. One Texas endemic, Chloris texensis, a Species of Greater Conservation Need, is present.
Karyomorphological Studies in Some Species of Parnassia L

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Botany Volume 2012, Article ID 874256, 10 pages doi:10.1155/2012/874256 Research Article Karyomorphological Studies in Some Species of Parnassia L. (Saxifragaceae s.l.)inEastAsiaand Intraspeciﬁc Polyploidy of P. palustris L. Tsuneo Funamoto 1 and Katsuhiko Kondo2 1 Biological Institute, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Higashi tamagawagakuen, Machida City, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan 2 Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding Science, Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1734 Funako, Atsugi City, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan Correspondence should be addressed to Katsuhiko Kondo, [email protected] Received 24 September 2011; Revised 29 November 2011; Accepted 26 January 2012 Academic Editor: Teresa Garnatje Copyright © 2012 T. Funamoto and K. Kondo. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Karyomorphological information is one of the most important characters for cytotaxonomy. We described karyomorphology of 14 species of Parnassia in East Asia. They had commonly the resting chromosomes of the simple chromocenter type and the mitotic prophase chromosomes of the proximal type. The somatic chromosome number of 2n = 14 was shown in three species, that of 2n = 18 was shown in six species, that of 2n = 18 or 36 was shown in two species, that of 2n = 32 was shown in one species, that of 2n = 36 or 36+1∼8 s was shown in one species, and that of 2n = 18, 27, 36 or 45 was shown in one species. They were commonly monomodal (gradual) decrease in length from the largest to the smallest chromosomes.
Phylogeny of the Celastreae (Celastraceae) Inferred Using Chloroplast And

Phylogeny of the Celastreae (Celastraceae) inferred using chloroplast and /--------------------------------------------------------- Lepuropetalon spathulatum nuclear loci | | /------ Apatophyllum flavovirens Jennifer J. Cappa, Allison L. Daw, and Mark P. Simmons | /-99-+ | | \------ Apatophyllum teretifolium Dept. of Biology, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Co. | /-100-+ Tripterygium wilfordii | | \----------- Psammomoya choretroides | /-98--+ Gymnosporia divaricata | | | /------ Stackhousia monogyna Maytenus boaria | | \---100----+ Introduction Gymnosporia divaricata | /-88--+ \------ Tripterococcus bruonis | | | Phylogenetic Inference The phylogenetic inference presented of the Celastreae (Celastraceae) is based on four loci: matK and trnL-F | | \----------------------- Hexaspora pubescens An equally weighted parsimony jackknife analysis from the chloroplast genome and ITS and 26S rDNA from the nuclear genome. The species sampled are | | combined with taxa sampled from previous studies to better test the monophyly of the genera along with the | | /------ Denhamia celastroides (Farris et al., 1996) was performed using PAUP* intergeneric relationships within this tribe. The main purpose is to give an overview of the laboratory procedures | | /100-+ (Swofford, 2001) with 1,000 jackknife replicates | | | \------ Denhamia obscura (Figure 5). Each replicate comprised ten used and the results from the sampling. The procedures include DNA isolation, DNA amplification, DNA | | /-100-+ purification, construction of contiguous sequences,
Notes on Saxifragaceae Edwin B

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science Volume 31 Article 33 1977 Notes on Saxifragaceae Edwin B. Smith University of Arkansas Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, Edwin B. (1977) "Notes on Saxifragaceae," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 31 , Article 33. Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol31/iss1/33 This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 31 [1977], Art. 33 Notes on the Arkansas Saxifragaceae EDWIN B. SMITH Department of Botany &Bacteriology University of Arkansas at Fayetteville Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701 ABSTRACT Over half of the Arkansas members of the Saxifragaceae are notable due to unusual morphology or distribution within the state. They range from the inconspicuous Lepuropeta- Ion spathulatum (AAuhl.) Ell. to the conspicuous Hydrangea arborescens L. Several genera (Heuchera, Parnassia, Philadephus, Ribes) include species with highlyrestricted ranges in Ark- ansas, and one includes a single species, Mitella diphylla L., known in Arkansas only from Stone County.