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(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,635,858 B2 Newberry Et Al

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(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,635,858 B2 Newberry Et Al US0096.35858B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,635,858 B2 Newberry et al. (45) Date of Patent: May 2, 2017 (54) PESTICIDE AND A METHOD OF (58) Field of Classification Search CONTROLLING AWIDE VARIETY OF None PESTS See application file for complete search history. (71) Applicant: GOWAN COMERCO INTERNACIONAL E SERVICOS (56) References Cited LIMITADA, Madeira (PT) U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS (72) Inventors: George David Newberry, Boise, ID 5,001,146 A 3, 1991 Carter et al. (US); Oakford George Bain, Yuma, 5,346,698 A 9, 1994 Abercrombie AZ (US); Chad Douglas Dyer, Yuma, 5,409,708 A 4/1995 Locke et al. 6,733,802 B1 5/2004 Moorty et al. AZ (US); Dario Sterzi, Guardia 2004/0037904 A1 2/2004 Hakansson Sanframondi (IT) 2005/0244445 A1 11/2005 Anderson 2009,0192040 A1* 7/2009 Grobler ......................... 504,313 (73) Assignee: Gowan Comercio Internacional E 2009,025895.0 A1 10, 2009 Knoblauch Servicos Limitada, Madiera (PT) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 CN 1112106 C 6, 2003 U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. EP O862861 9, 1998 * cited by examiner (21) Appl. No.: 13/705,274 (22) Filed: Dec. 5, 2012 Primary Examiner — San-Ming Hui Assistant Examiner — Andrew Lee (65) Prior Publication Data (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Norris McLaughlin & US 2013/02O3842 A1 Aug. 8, 2013 Marcus PA Related U.S. Application Data (57) ABSTRACT (60) Provisional application No. 61/567,317, filed on Dec. A pesticidal composition including at least one Substance 6, 2011. derived from Azadirachta indica plant, at least one metal salt of a fatty acid and at least one excipient. The present (51) Int. C. disclosure also relates to a kit including the pesticidal AOIN 43/90 (2006.01) composition. The present disclosure further relates to use of AOIN 37/00 (2006.01) pesticidal composition/kit in controlling a wide variety of AOIN 25/30 (2006.01) pests. (52) U.S. C. CPC ............. A0IN 43/90 (2013.01); A0IN 25/30 (2013.01); A0IN 37/00 (2013.01) 25 Claims, 2 Drawing Sheets . s ag esag A s C --------------. .-- O - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - U.S. Patent May 2, 2017 Sheet 1 of 2 US 9,635,858 B2 basisreatnert No. 25 -------- rears featre No. 2 it'::create No. 3 Mw Muammu Registreatment. R&sraatet No. 5 S - - - - - -...s. as:creatnet No. 5 M ror war------ 0 7 10 13 20 27 34 42. 48 55 62 69 76 83 Days Fig. 1 U.S. Patent May 2, 2017 Sheet 2 of 2 US 9,635,858 B2 FC, 2 US 9,635,858 B2 1. 2 PESTICIDE AND AMETHOD OF Azadirachta and is native to India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, CONTROLLING AWIDE VARIETY OF Iran and grows in tropical and semi-tropical regions. PESTS Neem oil typically contains nimbin, nimbinin and nim bidin. The seeds of neem contain a complex secondary metabolite known as azadirachtin. CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED Various parts of the neem tree have long been used in APPLICATIONS India for their medicinal properties Such as anthelmintic, antifungal, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antiviral, contracep This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Appli tive and sedative. Neem is also used for the treatment of cation No. 61/567,317 filed Dec. 6, 2011, incorporated by urinary disorders, diarrhoea, fever, bronchitis, skin diseases, reference in its entirety. 10 septic Sores, infected burns, hypertension and inflammatory diseases. FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE Although all parts of the neem tree appear to have natural resistance to pests and diseases, the seeds appear to have the The present disclosure relates to a pesticide, use of a greatest resistance. Formulations and extracts of the seeds pesticide and a method of controlling a wide variety of pests. 15 are effective against many species of crop pests, including The present disclosure also relates to a method for treating gypsy moths, Japanese beetles, aphids, tobacco budworins agricultural products for insects, microorganisms and other and boll weevils. infestations. Azadirachtin Azadirachtin is a tetranortriterpenoid botanical insecticide BACKGROUND of the liminoid class extracted from the neem tree (Azadirachta indica). It is a highly oxidized tetranortriter A pest is an organism which is detrimental to humans or penoid which boasts of a plethora of oxygen functionality and comprising an enol ether, acetal, hemiacetal, and tetra human concerns. Pests include insects, plant pathogens, substituted oxirane as well as a variety of carboxylic esters. weeds, molluscs, birds, mammals, fish, nematodes (round 25 worms) and microbes. Typically, pests are classified into insects, mites, nema Structure todes and gastropods. Pesticides are Substances or mixture of Substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling or mitigating any pest. A pesticide may be a chemical agent, 30 a biological agent (such as a virus or bacterium), an anti microbial, a disinfectant or a device used against any pest. Pesticides are categorized into four main substituent chemicals: herbicides, fungicides, insecticides and bacteri cides. Pesticides can be classified by target organism, chemi 35 cal structure and physical state. Pesticides can also be classed as inorganic, synthetic, or biological (bio-pesticide). Bio-pesticides include microbial pesticides and biochemical pesticides. These include pyrethroids, rotenoids and nicoti noids. Pesticides can also be classified based upon their 40 biological mechanism function or application method. Most pesticides work by poisoning the pests. An insecticide is a pesticide used against insects. They include ovicides and larvicides, used against the eggs and larvae of insects respectively. Insecticides are classified in 45 several different ways. Typically, they are classified as systemic insecticides, contact insecticides, natural insecti Azadirachtin is biodegradable (it degrades within 100 cides, plant-incorporated protectants (PIPS), inorganic hours when exposed to light and water) and shows very low insecticides and organic insecticides. The commonly known toxicity to mammals (the LDs in rats is >3.540 mg/kg insecticides include: i) organochlorides such as DDT, aldrin, 50 making it practically non-toxic). chlordane, chlordecone, heptachlor, methoxychlor, pen Mode of Action of Azadirachtin: tachlorophenol and the like; ii) organophosphates Such as Azadirachtin is structurally similar to insect hormone acephate, azinphos-methyl, bensulide, chlorethoxyfos, chlo “ecdysones'. These hormones typically control the process rpyrifos, diazinon, dimethoate, disulfoton, ethoprop, of metamorphosis when the insects pass from larva to pupa fenamiphos, parathion, trichlorfon and the like; iii) pyre 55 to adult. Azadirachtin mainly acts as an “ecdysone blocker. throids such as allethrin, bifenthrin, cyhalothrin, lambda It blocks the insect’s production and release of vital hor cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, cyfluthrin, prallethrin, transflu mones. As a result, insects cannot molt. Azadirachtin is also thrin and the like, iv) carbamates such as aldicarb, known to disturb mating and sexual communication of bendiocarb, carbofuran, carbaryl, dioxacarb, fenobucarb, insects, repel larvae and adults, deter females from laying fenoxycarb, isoprocarb, methomyl and the like. 60 eggs, sterilize adults and deter feeding. Further, various plant derived insecticides are known such It is known in the prior art that compositions containing as anabasine, annonin, asimina, caffeine, carapa, cinnamal fatty acid ester salt are useful insecticides. The potassium dehyde, citral. deguelin, eugenol, myristicin, azadirachtin, salt of a fatty acid causes cuticle disruption of insects. nicotiana rustica (nicotine) peganum harmala, quassia, and Some representative patent documents which disclose the like. 65 insecticide compositions containing either fatty acid ester Azadirachta indica (Neem) is a tree of the mahogany salt perse or Azadirachtin as an active ingredient perse are family Meliaceae. It is one of the two species in the genus discussed herein below. US 9,635,858 B2 3 4 European Patent No. 0862861 discloses a composition for characteristics. However, the probability of finding a com killing thrips which comprises i) at least one fatty acid ester bination with Synergistic effects by this approach is very selected from the group consisting of glycerin diacetomono minimal. laurate, glycerin monocaprylate, glycerin mono/dilinolate, In view of the above, there is envisaged in accordance Sorbitan oleate, diglycerin oleate, propylene glycol with the present disclosure an environmentally safe Syner monooleate; and ii) a non-ionic Surfactant Such as polyoxy gistic pesticidal composition which is effective at lower ethylene alkyl ether. dose. U.S. Pat. No. 5,346,698 discloses a composition compris ing avermectins and related compounds such as abamectin OBJECTS OF THE DISCLOSURE in combination with one or more substituted or unsubsti 10 tuted, Saturated or unsaturated fatty acids or their salts. Some of the objects of the present disclosure are as US20050244445 discloses an insecticidal composition follows: comprising i) at least one essential oil selected from the It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a pesticide. group consisting of corn mint oil, cedar oil, cinnamon oil, 15 citronella oil, clove oil, corn oil, garlic oil, lemongrass oil, It is another object of the present disclosure to provide a linseed oil, peppermint oil, rosemary oil, soybean oil, neem pesticide composition which is highly effective against a oil, thyme oil, orange oil, lemon oil, lime
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