Steele/Burnand Anza-Borrego Desert Research Center University of California, Irvine UCI – NATURE and UC Natural Reserve System California State Parks – Colorado Desert District Anza-Borrego Desert State Park & Anza-Borrego Foundation Anza-Borrego Desert State Park Bibliography Compiled and Edited by Jim Dice

(revised 1/31/2019)

A gaggle of geneticists in Borrego Palm Canyon – 1975. (L-R, Dr. Theodosius Dobzhansky, Dr. Steve Bryant, Dr. Richard Lewontin, Dr. Steve Jones, Dr. TimEDITOR’S Prout. Photo NOTE by Dr. John Moore, courtesy of Steve Jones)

Editor’s Note

The publications cited in this volume specifically mention and/or discuss Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, locations and/or features known to occur within the present-day boundaries of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, biological, geological, paleontological or anthropological specimens collected from localities within the present-day boundaries of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, or events that have occurred within those same boundaries. This compendium is not now, nor will it ever be complete (barring, of course, the end of the Earth or the Park). Many, many people have helped to corral the references contained herein (see below). Any errors of omission and comission are the fault of the editor – who would be grateful to have such errors and omissions pointed out! [[email protected]]

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

As mentioned above, many many people have contributed to building this database of knowledge about Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. A quantum leap was taken somewhere in 2016-17 when Kevin Browne introduced me to Google Scholar – and we were off to the races. Elaine Tulving deserves a special mention for her assistance in dealing with formatting issues, keeping printers working, filing hard copies, ignoring occasional foul language – occasionally falling prey to it herself, and occasionally livening things up with an exclamation of “oh come on now, you just made that word up!” Bob Theriault assisted in many ways and now has a lifetime job, if he wants it, entering these references into Zotero. Sicco Rood contributed photographically and technologically. Kathy Dice, Travis Huxman and Megan Lulow all contributed and exhibited great patience as this project inched toward a state of completion. Among the many who contributed material and references are: Walter Boyce, Mark Jorgensen, Joan Schneider, Marie Simovich, Mike Wells, Lyndon Murray, George Jefferson, Phil Rundel, Robin Connors, Paul Jorgensen, Larry Hendrickson, Kim Marsden, Esther Rubin, Diana Lindsay, Lowell Lindsay, Leslie Bellah, Steve Jones, Cameron Barrows, Brittany Veatter, Steve Bier, John Palmer, Lobsang Wangdu, Dave Wagner, Abbyann Sisk, Dave Van Cleve, Bud Getty, Marshal Hedin, Tom Oberbauer, Mike Simpson, Jon Rebman, Geoff Levin, Jeff Manning, Mason Hyland, Gina Moran, Ellen Bauder, Tom Oberbauer, Scott Tremor, Harold Wier, Phil Unitt, Kathy Dice, Tom Ebert, Ernie Cowan, Brad Hollingsworth, John Brown, Dave Faulkner, Megan Lulow, Travis Huxman, Peter Bowler, Daniel Winkler, Mike Puzzo, Brianna Puzzo, Duffy Clemons, Jerilyn Hirshberg, Emily Brooks, Charlie Zender, Morgan Gorris …

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Table of

PHYSICS & ASTRONOMY ...... 5 GEOLOGY ...... 7 HYDROLOGY ...... 17 CLIMATE ...... 18 PALEONTOLOGY ...... 20 BOTANY/PLANT ECOLOGY/VEGETATION ECOLOGY/MYCOLOGY ...... 29 MAMMALOGY ...... 52 ORNITHOLOGY/AVIAN ECOLOGY ...... 60 HERPETOLOGY ...... 66 ICHTHYOLOGY ...... 73 ENTOMOLOGY/ARACHNOLOGY/NEMATOLOGY/CARCINOLOGY ...... 75 MICROBIOLOGY...... 88 CONSERVATION BIOLOGY ...... 89 NATURAL HISTORY ...... 91 GEOGRAPHY ...... 91 WILDFIRE ...... 92 HISTORY ...... 93 ARCHAEOLOGY ...... 100 ETHNOLOGY ...... 102 LAW, ETHICS & PUBLIC POLICY ...... 103 EDUCATION ...... 104 ENERGY ...... 104 MILITARY ...... 104 MEDICINE ...... 104 LITERATURE ...... 104 MUSIC...... 105 NEW-MEDIA ART ...... 105 PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 105 RECREATION ...... 105 GENERAL ...... 107

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Ph.D. Dissertations ...... 109 Master’s Theses ...... 112 Senior Theses ...... 116

Black-throated sparrow (Amphispiza bilineata) in Sentenac Canyon – Photo by Bob Theriault

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PHYSICS & ASTRONOMY

deGroot-Hedlin, C.D., M.A.H. Hedlin, K.T. Walker, D.P. Drob, and M.A. Zumberge. 2008. Evaluation of infrasound signals from the shuttle Atlantis using a large seismic network. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 124(3):1442-1451.

Ellingson, S.W. 2005. Antennas for the next generation of low-frequency radio telescopes. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 53(8):2480-2489.

Erickson, W.C. and J.R. Fisher. 1974. A new wideband, fully steerable, decametric array at Clark Lake. Radio Science 9(3):387-401.

Erickson, W.C., M.J. Mahoney, and K. Erb. 1982. The Clark Lake Teepee-Tee telescope. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 50:403-420.

Jackson, P.D., M.R. Kundu and N. Kassim. 1990. Meter-decameter observations of dMe flare stars with the Clark Lake Radio Telescope. Solar Physics 130(1):391-398.

Kassim, N.E. and E.J. Polisensky. 2005. The legacy of Clark Lake and the road to the long wavelength array. Pp. 114-124 in Kassim, N.E., M.R. Perez, W. Junior and P.A. Henning (eds.) From Clark Lake to the Long Wavelength Array: Bill Erickson’s Radio Science. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, Volume 345.

Kim, S-W., V. Natraj, S. Lee, H-A. Kwon, R. Park, J. de Gouw, G. Frost, J. Kim, J. Stutz, M. Trainer, C. Tsai, and C. Warneke. 2018. Impact of high-resolution a priori profiles on satellite-based formaldehyde retrievals. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18:7639-7655.

Phillips, K.J.H. 1992. Guide to the Sun. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 387 pp. [see pp. 341-342].

Polisensky, E.J. and N.E. Kassim. 2005. A history of radio telescope arrays developed at Clark Lake. Pp. 125-129 in Kassim, N.E., M.R. Perez, W. Junior and P.A. Henning (eds.) From Clark Lake to the Long Wavelength Array: Bill Erickson’s Radio Science. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, Volume 345.

Yu, C., Z. Li, and N.T. Penna. 2018. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar atmospheric correction using a GPS-based iterative tropospheric decomposition model. Remote Sensing of Environment 204:109-121. DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2017.10.038 [pp. 114-116, 118 – Anza-Borrego Desert]

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SpaceX Falcon 9 missile trail over San Ysidro Peak – photo by Jim Dice (12/22/2017)

Aerial view of Fish Creek – photo by John Palmer

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GEOLOGY

Abbott, P.L. 1988. Geology and deserts. Environment Southwest 522:9-12.

Abbot, P.L., D.R. Kerr, S.E. Borron, J.L. Washburn, and D.A. Rightmer. 2002. Neogene sturzstrom deposits, Split Mountain area, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. Pp. 379-400 in S.G. Evans and J.V. DeGraff (eds.), Catastrophic landslides: effects, occurrence, and mechanisms. Reviews in Engineering Geology 15. Geological Society of America, Boulder, Coloardo. 411 pp.

Agnew, D.C., M. Legg, and C. Strand. 1979. Earthquake history of San Diego. Unpublished paper from Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego (first two authors) and Department of Geological Sciences, San Diego State University. 16 pp. [8-16-1849 – Palm Spring oasis, SE of Vallecito; 9-22-1849 – S of Carrizo Creek; 9-20- 1856 – San Felipe, Vallecito; 4-15-1862 – Carrizo Creek Stage Station; 10-21-1942 – Borrego Valley, Carrizo Gorge; 3-19-1954; 4-8-1968 – Borrego Mountain, Borrego Springs; these are just the quakes that mention specific localities within ABDSP. Lots of quakes listed that mention localities surrounding, but not within, ABDSP. Strand was a Master’s student at SDSU] https://igppweb.ucsd.edu/~agnew/Pubs/agnew.a10.pdf

Allen, C.R., A. Grantz, J.N. Brune, M.M. Clark, R.V. Sharp, T.G. Theodore, E.W. Wolfe, and M. Wyss. 1968. The Borrego Mountain, California, earthquake of 9 April 1968: a preliminary report. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 58(3):1183-1186.

Allen, C.R. and J.M. Nordquist, 1972. Foreshock, main shock and larger aftershocks of the Borrego Mountain earthquake. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 787:16-23.

Allen, C.R., M. Wyss, J.N. Brune, A. Grantz, and R.E. Wallace. 1972. Displacements on the Imperial, Superstition Hills, and San Andreas faults triggered by the Borrego Mountain earthquake. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 787:87-104.

Aubrey, A., H.J. Cleaves, J.H. Chalmers, A.M. Skelley, R.A. Mathies, F.J. Grunthaner, P. Ehrenfreund, and J.L. Bada. 2006. Sulfate minerals and organic compounds on Mars. Geology 34(5):357-360.

Axen, G.J., J. Selverstone and A. Luther. 2018. A rock record of paleoseismic cycling: unique layered cataclasites below the West Salton detachment fault, southern California. Geosphere 14(1):187-214. Doi 10:1130/GES01499.1 [Nolina Wash]

Barak, S., S.L. Klemperer, and J.F. Lawrence. 2015. San Andreas Fault dip, Peninsular Ranges mafic lower crust and partial melt in the Salton Trough, Southern California, from ambient-noise tomography. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 16:3946-3972.

Ben-Zion, Y, F.L. Vernon, Y. Ozakin, D. Zigone, Z.E. Ross, H. Meng, M. White, J. Reyes, D. Hollis and M. Barklage. 2015. Basic data features and results from a spatially dense seismic array on the San Jacinto Fault Zone. Geophysical Journal International 202:370-380.

Biehler, S., R.L. Kovach, and C.R. Allen. 1963? Geophysical framework of northern end of Gulf of California structural province. ?????? :126-143.

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Birchard, G.F. and W.F. Libby. 1980. Soil radon concentration changes preceding and following four magnitude 4.2-4.7 earthquakes on the San Jacinto Fault in Southern California. Journal of Geophysical Research 85(B6): 3100-3106.

Blisniuk, K., T. Rockwell, L.A. Owen, M. Oskin, C. Lippincott, M.W. Caffee, and J. Dortch. 2010. Late Quaternary slip rate gradient defined using high-resolution topography and 10Be dating of offset landforms on the southern San Jacinto Fault zone, California. Journal of Geophysical Research 115(B08401): 1-11.

Blisniuk, K., M. Oskin, K. Fletcher, T. Rockwell, and W. Sharp. 2012. Assessing the Reliability of U-series and 10Be dating techniques on Alluvial Fans in the Anza Borrego Desert, California. Quaternary Geochronology 13:26-41. Brune, J.N., A. Anooshehpoor, M.D. Purvance, and R.J. Brune. 2006. Band of precariously balanced rocks between the Elsinore and San Jacinto, California, fault zones: constraints on ground motion for large earthquakes. Geology 34(3):137-140. Cassiliano, M.L. 1998. Stratigraphic patterns and depositional environments in the Huesos Member (new lithostratigraphic unit) of the Palm Spring Formation of Southern California. Rocky Mountain Geology 32(2): 133-157.

Cassiliano, M.L. 2002. Revision of the stratigraphic nomenclature of the Plio-Pleistocene Palm Spring Group (new rank), Anza-Borrego Desert, southern California. Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History 38:1-30.

Cassiliano, M. 2006. Mammalian biostratigraphy in the Vallecito Creek – Fish Creek basin. Chapter 7, pp. 121-136, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Clarke, A.O. and C.L. Hansen. 1988. Geomorphology of upper Palm Wash, Anza-Borrego Desert, California – San Diego and Imperial Counties. California Geology 41(5):111-116.

Clarke, A.O. and C.L. Hansen. 1993. Arroyo boulders: Anza Borrego Desert, California. California Geology 46(4):100-108. [Palm Wash, Arroyo Salada, Coachwhip Canyon, Vallecito Creek, Box Canyon, and Fish Creek]

Clarke, A.O. and C.L. Hansen. 1996. The recurrence of large boulder movement in small watersheds of the Anza-Borrego Desert, California. Yearbook of the Association of Pacific Coast Geographers 58:28-61. [Upper Palm Wash, Box Canyon, Coachwhip Canyon]

Crossey, L.C., K.E. Karlstrom, R. Dorsey, J. Pearce, E. Wan, L.S. Beard, Y. Asmerom, V. Polyak, R.S.Crow, A. Cohen, J. Bright and M.E. Pecha. 2015. Importance of groundwater in propagating downward integration of the 6—5 Ma Colorado River system: geochemistry of springs, travertines, and lacustrine carbonates of the Grand Canyon region over the past 12 Ma. Geosphere 11(3):660-682.

Dorsey, R.J. 2002. Stratigraphic record of Pleistocene initiation and slip on the Coyote Creek fault, lower Coyote Creek, southern California. Pp. 251-269 in Barth, A. (ed.) Contributions to Crustal Evolution of the Southwestern United States. Boulder, Colorado. Geological Society of America Special Paper 365.

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Dorsey, R. 2006. Stratigraphy, tectonics, and basin evolution in the Anza-Borrego Desert region. Chapter 5, pp. 89-104, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Dorsey, R.J. and J.J. Roering. 2006. Quaternary landscape evolution in the San Jacinto Fault zone, Peninsular Ranges of Southern California: transient response to strike-slip fault initiation. Geomorphology 73(2006):16-32.

Dorsey, R.J., A. Fluette, K. McDougall, B.A. Housen, S.U. Janecke, G.J. Axen and C.R. Shirvell. 2007. Chronology of Miocene-Pliocene deposits at Split Mountain Gorge, southern California: a record of regional tectonics and Colorado River evolution. Geology 35(1):57-60.

Dorsey, R.J. 2010. Sedimentation and crustal recycling along an active oblique-rift margin; Salton Trough and northern Gulf of California. Geology (Boulder)38. 5: 443-446.

Dorsey, R.J. 2011. A preliminary sediment budget for the Colorado River. Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey (2011): 88-92.

Dorsey, R.J., B.A. Housen, S.U. Janecke, C.M. Fanning, and A.L.F. Spears. 2011. Stratigraphic record of basin development within the San Andreas fault system: Late Cenozoic Fish Creek-Vallecito basin, southern California. Geological Society of America Bulletin 123:771-793.

Dorsey, R.J., G.J. Axen, T.C. Peryam, and M.E. Kairouz. 2012. Initiation of the southern Elsinore fault at ~ 1.2 Ma: Evidence from the Fish Creek – Vallecito Basin, southern California. Tectonics 31:TC2006, doi:10.1029/2011TC003009. Dorsey, R.J., and P.J. Umhoefer 2012. Influence of sediment input and plate-motion obliquity on basin development along an active oblique-divergent plate boundary: Gulf of California and Salton Trough. In Tectonics of Sedimentary Basins: Recent Advances, edited by C. Busby and A. Azor, Blackwell Publishing pp. 209-225. Doser, D.I. and H. Kanamori. 1986. Spatial and temporal variations in seismicity in the Imperial Valley (1902-1984). Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 76(2):421-438. Doser, D.I. and H. Kanamori. 1986. Depth of seismicity in the Imperial Valley region (1977-1983) and its relationship to heat flow, crustal structure, and the October 15, 1979, earthquake. Journal of Geophysical Research 91(B1):675-688. Doser, D.I. 1990. Source characteristics of earthquakes along the southern San Jacinto and Imperial Fault zones. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 80(5):1099-1117. Doser, D.I. 1992. Historic earthquakes (1918 to 1923) and an assessment of source parameters along the San Jacinto Fault system. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 82(4):1786-1801. Du, W., L.R. Sykes, B.E. Shaw, and C.H. Scholz. 2003. Triggered aseismic fault slip from nearby earthquakes, static or dynamic effect? Journal of Geophysical Research 108(B2, 2131):ESE 24-1 – ESE 24-21. DOI 10.1029/2002JB002008 [Coyote Creek Fault, Borrego Mountain earthquake]

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Evans, E.L. 2018. A comprehensive analysis of geodetic slip-rate estimates and uncertainties in California. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 108(1):1-18. DOI 10.1785/0120170159 [San Jacinto and San Andreas faults] Gong, C., L. Chen, and L. West. 2017. Asymmetrical, inversely graded, upstream-migrating cyclic steps in marine settings: Late Miocene – early Pliocene Fish Creek – Vallecito Basin, southern California. Sedimentary Geology 360:35-46.

Hanks, T.C., J.A. Hileman, and W. Thatcher. 1975. Seismic moments of the larger earthquakes of the southern California region. Geological Society of America Bulletin 86(8):1131-1139.

Hart, M.W. 2008. Structural and geomorphic characteristics of landslides at Coyote Mountain, Anza- Borrego Desert State Park, California. Environmental and Engineering Geoscience 14(2): 81-96.

Hart, M.W., P.J. Shaller, and G.T. Farrand. 2012. When landslides are misinterpreted as faults: case studies from the western United States. Environmental & Engineering Geoscience 18(4):313-325. [Coyote Ridge, Coyote Canyon Fault, San Jacinto Fault]

Hartzell, S.H. and T.H. Heaton. 1983. Inversion of strong ground motion and teleseismic waveform data for the fault rupture history of the 1979 Imperial Valley, California, earthquake. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 73(6): 1553-1583.

Herzig, C., A. Carrasco, T. Schar, G. Murray, D. Rightmer, J. Lawrence, Q. Milton, and T. Wirths. 1995. Neogene stratigraphy of the Borrego Mountain Area, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. Pp. 132-136 in Remeika, P. and A. Sturz (eds.), Paleontology and Geology of the Western Salton Trough Detachment, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park: Field Trip Guidebook and Volume for the 1995 San Diego Association of Geologists’ Field Trip to Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Volume I. San Diego Association of Geologists. Softbound, 136 pp.

Hilton, J.W. 1939. Rock that makes you see double. Desert Magazine 2(11):9-12.

Howard, K.A., P.K. House, R.J. Dorsey and P.A. Pearthree. 2015. River-evolution and tectonic implications of a major Pliocene aggradation on the lower Colorado River: The Bullhead Alluvium. Geosphere 11(1):1-30.

Janecke, S.U., R.J. Dorsey, D. Forand, A.N. Steely, S.M. Kirby, et al. 2010. High geologic slip rates since early Pleistocene initiation of the San Jacinto and San Felipe Fault zones in the San Andreas Fault system, Southern California, USA Special Paper - Geological Society of America 475: 48 pages.

Jefferson, G.T. and P. Remeika. 1995. Selected bibliography of the western Salton Trough Detachment and related subjects, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. Pp. 1-88 in Remeika, P. and A. Sturz (eds.), Paleontology and Geology of the Western Salton Trough Detachment, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park: Field Trip Guidebook and Volume for the 1995 San Diego Association of Geologists’ Field Trip to Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Volume II. San Diego Association of Geologists. Softbound, 88 pp.

Jefferson, G.T. and D.G. Peterson, Jr. 1998. Hydrothermal origin of the Fish Creek gypsum, Imperial County, California. Pp. 40-51 in Lindsay, L. and W.G. Hample (eds.) Geology and Geothermal Resources

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of the Imperial and Mexicali Valleys. San Diego Association of Geologists, San Diego, CA. Softbound, 187 pp.

Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay. 2008. The Lake Cahuilla high shoreline and a stable overflow path elevation, southeastern California and northeastern Baja California. Pp. 107-109 in R.E. Reynolds, (ed.), Trough to Trough: The Colorado River to the Salton Sea. Proceedings of the 2008 Desert Symposium. California State University, Desert Studies Consortium and LSA Associates, Inc. 146 pp.

Johnson, N.M., C.B. Officer, N.D. Opdyke, G.D. Woodard, P.K. Zeitler, and E.H. Lindsay. 1983. Rates of late Cenozoic tectonism in the Vallecito-Fish Creek basin, western Imperial Valley, California. Geology 11:664-667.

Joo, Y.J., M.E. Elwood-Madden, and G.S. Soreghan. 2016. Chemical and physical weathering in a hot- arid, tectonically active alluvial system of Anza Borrego Desert, California. Sedimentology 63:1065-1083.

Joo, Y.J., A.M. Soreghan, M.E. Elwood Madden, G.S. Soreghan. 2018. Quantification of particle shape by an automated image analysis system: a case study in natural sediment samples from extreme climates. Geosciences Journal 22(4):525-532. [sample collection from “a hot-arid alluvial system in the Anza Borrego Desert of southern California]

Kimbrough, D.L., M. Grove, G.E. Gehrels, J.B. Mahoney, R.J. Dorsey, et al. 2011. Detrital zircon record of Colorado River integration into the Salton Trough. Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey (2011): 168-174.

Kimbrough, D.L., M. Grove, G.E. Gehrels, R.J. Dorsey, K.A. Howard, O. Lovera, A. Aslan, P.K. House and P.A. Pearthree. 2015. Detrital zircon U-Pb provenance of the Colorado River: A 5 m.y. record of incision into cover strata overlying the Colorado Plateau and adjacent regions. Geosphere 11(6):1719-1748.

Kirby, S.M., S.U. Janecke, R.J. Dorsey, B.A. Housen, V.E. Langenheim, K.A. McDougall, and A.N. Steely. 2007. Pleistocene Brawley and Ocotillo Formations: evidence for initial strike-slip deformation along the San Felipe and San Jacinto Fault zones, southern California. The Journal of Geology 115: 43-62.

Kohl, C.P. and K. Nishizumi. 1992. Scientific comment: chemical isolation of quartz for measurement o in-situ-produced cosmogenic nuclides. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 56:3583-3587. [“The rock used in these tests was a pegmatite collected from the desert at Anza Borrego, California”]

Lagenheim, V.E., R.C. Jachens, D.M. Morton, R.W. Kistler, and J.C. Matti. 2004. Geophysical and isotopic mapping of preexisting crustal structures that influenced the location and development of the San Jacinto fault zone, southern California. Geological Society of America Bulletin 116(9/10):1143-1157. DOI 10.1130/B25277.1

Lander, J.F. 1968. Seismological notes – January and February, 1968. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 58(5):1705-1714.

Li, Y-G. and F.L. Vernon. 2001. Characterization of the San Jacinto Fault zone near Anza, California, by fault zone trapped waves. Journal of Geophysical Research 106(B12): 30,671-30,688.

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Lindsay, E.H. and J.S. White. 1993. Biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy in the southern Anza- Borrego area. Pp. 86-87 in Reynolds, R.E. and J. Reynolds. 1993. Ashes, Faults and Basins, San Bernardino County Museum Association Special Publication Volume 93-1.

Lough, C.F. 1998. Detachment faulting around Borrego Valley. Pp. 52-58 in Lindsay, L. and W.G. Hample (eds.) Geology and Geothermal Resources of the Imperial and Mexicali Valleys. San Diego Association of Geologists, San Diego, CA. Softbound, 187 pp.

Lutz, A.T., R.J. Dorsey, B.A. Housen and S.U. Janecke. 2006. Stratigraphic record of Pleistocene faulting and basin evolution in the Borrego Badlands, San Jacinto fault zone, Southern California. Geological Society of America Bulletin 118(11/12):1377-1397.

Macholdt, D.S., K.P. Jochum, C. Pohlker, A. Arangio, J.D. Forster, B. Stoll, U. Weis, B. Weber, M. Muller, M. Kappl, M. Shiraiwa, A.L.D. Kilcoyne, M. Weigand, D. Scholz, G.H. Haug, A. Al-Amri, M.O. Andreae. 2017. Characterization and differentiation of rock varnish types from different environments by microanalytical techniques. Chemical Geology 459:91-118.

McEuen, R.B. and C.J. Pinckney, 1972. Seismic risk in San Diego. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 17(4):33-62.

Mellors, R.J. and A. Boisvert. 2003. Deformation near the Coyote Creek Fault, Imperial County, California: tectonic or groundwater-related? Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 4(2):

Minch, J.A. and P.L. Abbott. 1973. Post-Batholithic geology of the Jacumba area, southeastern San Diego County, California. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 17(11):129-136.

Morton, N., G.H. Girty, and T.K. Rockwell. 2012. Fault zone architecture of the San Jacinto fault zone in Horse Canyon, southern California: A model for focused post-seismic fluid flow and heat transfer in the shallow crust. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 329-330:71-83.

Nishiizumi, K., D. Lal, J Klein, R. Middleton, and J.R. Arnold. 1986. Production of 10Be and 26Al by cosmic rays in terrestrial quartz in situ and implications for erosion rates. Nature 319:134-136.

Nigbor, R.L. 1994. Six-degree-of-freedom ground-motion measurement. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 84(5):1665-1669.

Norris R.M. and R.W. Webb. 1976. Geology of California. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY. 379 pp.

Olsen, K.B., R.J. Archuleta, and J.R. Matarese. 1995. Three-dimensional simulation of a magnitude 7.75 earthquake on the San Andreas Fault. Science 270(5242):1628-1632.

Olsen, K.B., R. Nigbor, and T. Konno. 2000. 3D viscoelastic wave propagation in the upper Borrego Valley, California, constrained by borehole and surface data. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 90(1):134-150.

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Onderdonk, N.W., S.F. McGill, and T.K. Rockwell. 2015. Short-term variations in slip rate and size of prehistoric earthquakes during the past 2000 years on the northern San Jacinto fault zone, a major plate-boundary structure in southern California. Lithosphere 7(3):211-234.

Opdyke, N.D., E.H. Lindsay, N.M. Johnson, and T. Downs. 1977. The paleomagnetism and magnetic polarity stratigraphy of the mammal-bearing section of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. Quaternary Research 7:316-329.

Orcutt, C.R. 1903. The Colorado Desert. West American Scientist 15(128): 38-48. [discussions on history, geography, geology, paleontology, ethnology, botany, hydrology, etc.]

Oskin, M.E., K. Le, and M.D. Strane. 2007. Quantifying fault-zone activity in arid environments with high-resolution topography. Geophysical Research Letters 34(L23S05):1-5.

Oskin, M.E., N.E. Longinotti, T.C. Peryam, R.J. Dorsey, C.J. DeBoer, B.A. Housen, and K.D. Blisniuk. 2017. Steady 10Be-derived paleoerosion rates across the Plio-Pleistocene climate transition, Fish Creek- Vallecito basin, California. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface 122: 1653-1677.

Peryam, T.C., R.J. Dorsey, and I. Bindeman. 2011. Plio-Pleistocene climate change and timing of Peninsular Ranges uplift in southern California: Evidence from paleosols and stable isotopes in the Fish Creek-Vallecito basin. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 305(1-4): 65-74.

Prante, M.R., J.P. Evans, S.U. Janecke and A. Steely. 2014. Evidence for paleoseismic slip on a continental low-angle normal fault: Tectonic pseudotachylyte from the West Salton detachment fault, CA, USA. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 387:170-183.

Press, F. and C. Allen. 1995. Patterns of seismic release in the southern California region. Journal of Geophysical Research 100(B4):6421-6430.

Remeika, P. and L. Lindsay. 1992. Geology of Anza-Borrego: Edge of Creation. Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, CA. Softbound, 208 pp.

Robinson, J.W. and R.L. Threet. 1974. Geology of the Split Mountain area, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, eastern San Diego County, California. Pp. 47-56 in Hart, M.W. and R.J. Dowlen, eds. Recent Geologic and Hydrologic Studies, Eastern San Diego County and Adjacent Areas. San Diego Association of Geologists Field Trip Guidebook, California.

Rockwell, B.G., G.H. Girty and T.K. Rockwell. 2014. A statistical framework for calculating and assessing compositional linear trends within fault zones: a case study of the NE block of the Clark Segment, San Jacinto Fault, California, USA. Pure and Applied Geophysics

Ross, Z.E., E. Hauksson, and Y. Ben-Zion. 2017. Abundant off-fault seismicity and orthogonal structures in the San Jacinto fault zone. Science Advances 3(3);e1601946. 8 pp. DOI 10.1126/sciadv.1601946

Salisbury, J.B., T.K. Rockwell, T.J. Middleton and K.W. Hudnut. 2012. LiDAR and field observations of slip distribution for the most recent surface ruptures along the central San Jacinto Fault. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 102(2):598-619.

Sanders, C. and H. Magistrale. 1997. Segmentation of the northern San Jacinto fault zone, southern California. Journal of Geophysical Research 102(B12):27,453-27,467.

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Savage, J.C. and W.H. Prescott. 1976. Strain accumulation on the San Jacinto Fault near Riverside, California. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 66(5):1749-1754.

Schmitt, A.K., A. Martin, D.F. Stockli, K.A. Farley, and O.M. Lovera. 2013. (U-Th)/He zircon and archaeological ages for a late prehistoric eruption in the Salton Trough (California, USA). Geology 41(1): 7-10.

Schultejann, P.A. 1985. Structural trends in Borrego Valley, California: interpretations from SIR-A and SEASAT SAR. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 51(10):1615-1624.

Sharp, R.P. 1975. Geology Field Guide to Southern California, Revised Edition. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, IA. Softbound, 208 pp.

Seong, Y. B., R. I. Dorn, B.Y. Yu. 2016. Evaluating the life expectancy of a desert pavement. Earth- Science Reviews 162:129-154. [p. 138, Table 6. Reported ages of desert pavement – “Anza-Borrego” Blisniuk et al. 2012]

Sharp, R.V., et al. 1972. The Borrego Mountain earthquake of April 9, 1968. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 787: 1-207.

Simpson, C. 1984. Borrego Springs – Santa Rosa mylonite zone: a late Cretaceous west-directed thrust in southern California. Geology 12:8-11.

Soreghan, G.S., Y.J. Joo, M.E. Elwood Madden, S.C. Van Deventer. 2016. Silt production as a function of climate and lithology under simulated comminution. Quaternary International 399:218-227. [“a hot- arid alluvial system in Anza-Borrego Desert, southern California”]

Spencer, J.E., P.J. Patchett, P.A. Pearthree, P.K. House, A.M. Sarna-Wojcicki, E. Wan, J.A. Roskowski, and J.E. Faulds. 2013. Review and analysis of the age and origin of the Pliocene Bouse Formation, lower Colorado River Valley, southwestern USA. Geosphere 9(3): 444-459.

Steely, A.N., S.U. Janecke, R.J. Dorsey, and G.J. Axen. 2009. Early Pleistocene initiation of the San Felipe fault zone, SW Salton Trough, during reorganization of the San Andreas fault system. Geological Society of America Bulletin 121(5/6):663-687.

Suter, M. 2008. Southern California earthquake during the 1775 Anza Expedition. Seismological Research Letters 79(6): 877-878.

Thatcher, W., J.A. Hileman, and T.C. Hanks. 1975. Seismic slip distribution along the San Jacinto Fault zone, southern California, and its implications. Geological Society of America Bulletin 86(8):1140-1146.

Tymofyeyeva, E. and Y. Fialko. 2018. Geodetic evidence for a blind fault segment at the southern end of the San Jacinto Fault zone. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 123:878-891. DOI 10.1002/2017JB014477

U.S. Department of Commerce, Environmental Science Services Administration, Coast and Geodetic Survey and California Institute of Technology, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory. 1968. Seismological field survey: strong-motion instrumental data

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on the Borrego Mountain Earthquake of 9 April 1968. Report prepared with the assistance of a grant from the Engineering Division of the National Science Foundation. 119 pp.

Viles, H., K. Messenzehl, J. Mayaud, M. Coombes, and M. Bourke. 2018. Stress histories control rock- breakdown trajectories in arid environments. Geology 46(5):419-422. [stress in tonalite in Anza- Borrego p. 422]

Wald, L.A. and D.J. Wald. 1999. The 1998 Southern California Seismic Network bulletin. Seismological Research Letters 70(4):404-412.

Wang, T-H., E.S. Cochran, D. Agnew, and D.D. Oglesby. 2013. Infrequent triggering of tremor along the San Jacinto Fault near Anza, California. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 103(4):2482- 2497.

Whearty, J.J., T.K. Rockwell, and G.H. Girty. 2017. Incipient pulverization at shallow burial depths along the San Jacinto Fault, Southern California. Chapter 1, pp. 3-20 in Thomas, M.Y., T.M. Mitchell, and H.S. Bhat (eds.), Fault Zone Dynamic Processes: Evolution of Fault Properties During Seismic Rupture. American Geophysical Union and John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Washington, D.C. and Hoboken, New Jersey. 292 pp.

Wolfe, E.W. 1969. Geologic evaluation of remote sensing data – Site 157, Anza-Borrego Desert, California. Interagency Report NASA-144. U.S. Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, Washington, D.C. 52 pp.

Woodard, G.D. 1962. Stratigraphic succession of the west Colorado Desert, San Diego and Imperial Counties, southern California. Geological Society of America Bulletin 68:26-31.

Woodard, G.D. 1974. Redefinition of Cenozoic stratigraphic column in Split Mountain Gorge, Imperial Valley, California. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 58:521-539.

Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities. 1988. Probabilities of large earthquakes occurring in California on the San Andreas Fault. United States Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California. Open-File Report 88-398. 62 pp. [Borrego Mountain earthquake, 1968]

Wyss, M., J.N. Brune, and C.R. Allen. 1969. Slippage on the Superstition Hills, Imperial-Banning-Mission Creek and Coyote Creek Faults associated with the Borrego Mountain Earthquake of 9 April 1968. EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 50:252.

Youd, T.L. and R.O. Castle. 1970. Borrego Mountain Earthquake of April 8, 1968. American Society of Civil Engineers Proceedings, Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division 96:1201-1219.

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View of Borrego Badlands from Font’s Point – photo by Lobsang Wangdu, May 5, 2017

Clark Dry Lake – photo by Steve Bier

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HYDROLOGY

Brown, A.J. 1983. Channel changes in arid badlands, Borrego Springs, California. Physical Geography 4(1):82-102. [Font’s Point area]

Dalrymple, T. 1965. Flood peak runoff and associated precipitation in selected drainage basins in the United States. Geological Survey Water–Supply Paper 1813. U.S. Dept. of the Interior prepared in cooperation with the Soil Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 405 pp.

Faunt, C.C., C.L. Stamos, L.E. Flint, M.T. Wright, M.K. Burgess, M. Sneed, J. Brandt, P. Martin and A.L. Coes. 2015. Hydrogeology, hydrologic effects of development, and simulation of groundwater flow in the Borrego Valley, San Diego County, California. Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5150. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, prepared in cooperation with the Borrego Water District. 135 pp. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155150.

Kochel, R.C. and J.R. Miller. 1997. Geomorphic responses to short-term climatic change: an introduction. Geomorphology 19(1997):171-173.

Kochel, R.C., J.R. Miller, and D.F. Ritter. 1997. Geomorphic response to minor cyclic climate changes, San Diego County, California. Geomorphology 19(1997): 277-302.

Moyle, W.R., Jr. 1968. Water wells and springs in Borrego, Carrizo, and San Felipe Valley areas, San Diego and Imperial Counties, California. California Department of Water Resources Bulletin No. 91-15:1- 16 + 105 pp appendices.

Moyle, W.R., Jr. 1982. Water Resources of Borrego Valley and Vicinity, California, Phase I. – Definition of Geologic and Hydrologic Characteristics of Basin. U.S. Geological Suvey, Open-File Report 82-855.

Orcutt, C.R. 1903. The Colorado Desert. West American Scientist 15(128): 38-48. [discussions on history, geography, geology, paleontology, ethnology, botany, hydrology, etc.]

Rezaie-Boroon, M.H., J. Chaney, and B. Bowers. 2014. The source of arsenic and nitrate in Borrego Valley groundwater aquifer. Journal of Water Resource and Protection 6:1589-1602.

Schaffner, M., C. Unkrich, D. Goodrich, A. Tardy, and J. Laber. 2014. Modeling flash flood events in an ungauged semi-arid basin using a real-time distributed model: Fish Creek near Anza Borrego, California. NOAA/National Weather Service Report. 42 pp.

Schaffner, M., A. Tardy, J. Dandrea, C. Unkrich, D. Goodrich, and J. Laber. 2017. Operational success with distributed modeling to inform flash flood warning operations at weather forecast office in San Diego. NOAA/National Weather Service Report. 28 pp.

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Snow at the western edge of ABDSP, near Jasper Trail (Photo by Sicco Rood, 12/24/2016)

CLIMATE

Brooks, E. and D. Winkler. 2017. Adapting to extremes: desert communities and water scarcity. Desert Report: News of the Desert from Sierra Club California & Nevada Desert Committee, September 2017:10-11. [Examines biological, socio-economic and cultural extremes with Anza-Borrrego Desert State Park and Borrego Springs, CA – particularly at Park visitation vs. precipitation in 27-year normal, extreme maximum and extreme minimum months]

Evans, T.E., III and D.A. Halvorson. 1998. Climate of San Diego, California. First edition. NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS WR-256.

Gorris, M., S.P. Parajuli, C. Zender, and J. Randerson. 2017. Evaluating, modeling, and attributing particulate matter air quality in Borrego Springs – Borrego Y1: Characterization and evaluation of historical air quality. Unpublished report to the Borrego Valley Endowment Fund by the University of California, Irvine, Department of Earth System Science. 2 pp.

Gorris, M., P. Mara, C. Zender, and J. Randerson. 2018. Evaluating, modeling, and attributing particulate matter air quality in Borrego Springs – Borrego Y2: Set up of the weather research and forecasting model and particulate matter air quality in Borrego Springs. Unpublished report to the Borrego Valley Endowment Fund by the University of California, Irvine, Department of Earth System Science. 2 pp

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Isla, E.M., S. Vanderburg, C. Medjber, and D. Paschall. 2004. Climate of San Diego, California. Second edition. NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS WR-270. 104 pp.

Larson, J.L. 1977. Tropical Storm Kathleen. California Department of Transportation, San Diego, California. 79 pp. [10 September 1976]

Parajuli, S.P. and C.S. Zender. 2017. Connecting geomorphology to dust emission through high- resolution mapping of global land cover and sediment supply. Aeolian Research 27(2017):47-65. [“The LSM (Land Surface Map) shows playa/sabkha and agricultural/urban features in the Borrego Valley” …]

Parajuli, S.P. and C.S. Zender. 2018. Projected changes in dust emissions and regional air quality due to the shrinking Salton Sea. Aeolian Research 33(2018):82-92. [p. 84 recognizes four UCI weather stations in Borrego Valley: “Base”, “Viking”, “Wilcox Well” and “Elementary” that are used in the study.]

View north of Indian Head Peak, ABDSP (Photo by Sicco Rood, 1/7/2016)

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Mammuthus columbi – Pat Ortega (courtesy of California State Parks, Colorado Desert District)

PALEONTOLOGY

Atterholt, J., M. Guberek and G.T. Jefferson. 2003. A newly discovered subadult and juvenile Mammuthus site at the Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, southeastern California, USA. The 3rd International Mammoth Conference: Program and Abstracts, Yukon Paleontology Program Occasional Papers in Earth Sciences 5:25-26. [abstract and poster]

Atterholt, J., G.T. Jefferson, and E. Schachner. 2007. New Vertebrates from the Yuha member of the Deguynos Formation of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27(3):42A

Atterholt, J., G. Jefferson, E. Schachner, and J. Hughes. 2008. Marine vertebrates from the Yuha member of the Deguynos Formation, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Pp. 110-111 in R.E. Reynolds, (ed.), Trough to Trough: The Colorado River to the Salton Sea. Proceedings of the 2008 Desert Symposium. California State University, Desert Studies Consortium and LSA Associates, Inc. 146 pp.

Awramik, S.M., H.P. Bucheim and D.J. Chapman. 2005. Growth of coniform microbial mats from laboratory experiments on stromatolites from Carrizo Creek, California. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs 37(7):341.

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Bell, C.J. and G.S. Bever. 2006. Description and significance of the Microtus (Rodentia: Arvicolinae) from the type Irvington fauna, Alameda County, California. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26(2):371-380. [Pp. 377-78 – “Early Records of Microtus in North America”]

Bell, C.J., J.A. Gauthier and G.S. Bever. 2010. Covert biases, circularity, and apomorphies: a critical look at the North American Quaternary herpetofaunal stability hypothesis. Quaternary International 217(2010):30-36. [P. 33 – discussion of Norell’s (1989) analysis of the lizards from the Pliocene and Pleistocene sediments in the Anza-Borrego Desert]

Burroughs, H. 1939. “Dinosaur tracks” at Split Mountain. Desert Magazine 2(11):18-21. Campbell, K.E., Jr., E. Scott, and K.B. Springer. 1999. A new genus for the incredible teratorn (Aves: Teratornithidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 89:169-175. Davis, O.K., C. Eastoe, J. Aldern and N. Robbins. 2005. Preliminary pollen analysis of Sentenac Cienega, San Diego, CA. Proceedings of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science 40:27 Davis, O.K., J. Logan, R. Wicks, and C. Eastoe. 2006. Twentieth-century vegetation change in the American Southwest, p. 213 in Abstracts of the Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual Meeting of the American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists, St. Louis, Missouri – September 18-22, 2005. Palynology 30:213-232. [6.4 meter core from Sentenac Cienega – rapid sedimentation during the historic period]

Demere, T.A. 1988. Paleontology and our local desert. Environment Southwest 522:17-19.

Demere, T.A. 1993. Fossil mammals from the Imperial Formation (upper Miocene – lower Pliocene), Coyote Mountains, Imperial County, California. Pp. 82-85 in Reynolds, R.E. and J. Reynolds. 1993. Ashes, Faults and Basins, San Bernardino County Museum Association Special Publication Volume 93-1.

Demere, T.A. 2006. The Imperial Sea: marine geology and paleontology. Chapter 2, pp. 29-40, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Demere, T.A. and N.S. Rugh. 2006. Invertebrates of the Imperial Sea. Chapter 3, pp. 43-69, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Downs, T. and G.J. Miller. 1994. Late Cenozoic equids from Anza-Borrego Desert, California. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles Contributions in Science 440:1-90.

Eisenmann, V. 2006. Pliocene and Pleistocene equids: palaeontology versus molecular biology. Courier-Forschungs-Institute Senckenberg 256:71-89. [skull found at Anza Borrego by Downs & Miller 1994]

FAUNMAP Working Group. 1996. Spatial response of mammals to late Quaternary environmental fluctuations. Science 272(5268):1601-1606. [20 authors, including G.T. Jefferson, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park] Fleming, R.F. 1994. Cretaceous pollen in Pliocene rocks: implications for Pliocene cimate in the southwestern United States. Geology 22(9):787-790.

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Foster, A.B. 1979. Environmental variation in a fossil scleractinian coral. Lethaia 12: 245-264. Gensler, P.A. 2001. The first fossil Heloderma from the mid-Pleistocence (Late Irvingtonian) Coyote Badlands, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, southern California. P. 71 in The changing face of the east Mojave Desert. Abstracts of the 2001 Desert Symposium. (R.E. Reynolds, ed.), Desert Studies Center, California State University.

Gensler, P., G.T. Jefferson, and M.A. Roeder. 2006. The fossil lower vertebrates: fish, amphibians, and reptiles. Chapter 8, pp. 139-146, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza- Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Graham, R.W., E.L. Lundelius Jr., M.A. Graham, E.K. Schroeder, R.S. Toomey III, E. Anderson, A.D. Barnosky, J.A. Burns, C.S. Churcher, D.K. Grayson, R.D. Guthrie, C.R. Harington, G.T. Jefferson, L.D. Martin, H.G. McDonald, R.E. Morlan, H.A. Semken Jr., S.D. Webb, L. Werdelin, and M.C. Wilson. 1996. Spatial response of mammals to late Quaternary environmental fluctuations. Science 272(5268):1601- 1606.

Guthrie, D.A. 1998. Fossil vertebrates from Pleistocene terrestrial deposits of the northern Channel Islands, Southern California. Pp. 187-192 in Wiegand, P.W. (ed.) Contributions to the Geology of the Northern Channel Islands, Southern California. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Pacific Section, MP 45.

Haynes, G. 1991. Mammoths, Mastodonts, and Elephants: Biology, Behavior, and the Fossil Record. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Hardbound, 413 pp.

Hollenshead, M.G. and J.I. Mead. 2006. Early Pliocene Crotaphytus and Gambelia (Squamata: Crotaphytidae) from the Panaca Formation of Southeastern Nevada. Journal of Herpetology 40(4): 566- 569.

Howard, H. 1963. Fossil birds from the Anza-Borrego Desert. Los Angeles County Museum Contributions in Science 73:1-33.

Howard, H. 1972. The incredible teratorn again. The Condor 74(3):341-344.

Hunt, A.P. and S.G. Lucas. 2007. Cenozoic vertebrate trace fossils of North America: ichnofaunas, ichnofacies and biochronology. Pp. 17-__ in S.G. Lucas, Spielmann and Lockley (eds.), Cenozoic Vertebrate Tracks and Traces, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 42. [P. 24 – discussion of the ichnofauna of ABDSP]

Jefferson, G.T. 1995. An additional avian specimen referable to Teratornis incredibilis from the early Irvingtonian, Vallecito-Fish Creek Basin, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. Pp. 94-96 in Remeika, P. and A. Sturz (eds.), Paleontology and Geology of the Western Salton Trough Detachment, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park: Field Trip Guidebook and Volume for the 1995 San Diego Association of Geologists’ Field Trip to Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Volume I. San Diego Association of Geologists. Softbound, 136 pp.

Jefferson, G.T. and P. Remeika. 1995. The mid-Pleistocene stratigraphic co-occurrence of Mammuthus columbi and M. imperator in the Ocotillo Formation, Borrego Badlands, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park,

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California. Pp. 104-108 in Remeika, P. and A. Sturz (eds.), Paleontology and Geology of the Western Salton Trough Detachment, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park: Field Trip Guidebook and Volume for the 1995 San Diego Association of Geologists’ Field Trip to Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Volume I. San Diego Association of Geologists. Softbound, 136 pp.

Jefferson, G.T. and P. Remeika. 1995. Selected bibliography of the western Salton Trough Detachment and related subjects, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. Pp. 1-88 in Remeika, P. and A. Sturz (eds.), Paleontology and Geology of the Western Salton Trough Detachment, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park: Field Trip Guidebook and Volume for the 1995 San Diego Association of Geologists’ Field Trip to Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Volume II. San Diego Association of Geologists. Softbound, 88 pp.

Jefferson, G.T. 2001. Paleontological resources management, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Pp. 137- 166 in V.L. Santucci and L. McClelland (eds.), Proceedings of the 6th Fossil Resource Conference. Geological Resources Division Technical Report NPS/NRGRD/GRDTR-01/01. National Park Service D- 2228.

Jefferson, G.T., and L. Lindsay (editors). 2006. The Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert. Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, CA. Hardbound, 394 pp.

Jefferson, G.T. 2006. The fossil birds of Anza-Borrego. Chapter 9, pp. 151-158, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Johnson, N.M., C.B. Officer, N.D. Opdyke, G.D. Woodard, P.K. Zeitler, E.H. Lindsay. 1983. Rates of late Cenozoic tectonism in the Vallecito—Fish Creek basin, western Imperial County, California. Geology 11(11):664-667.

Kropf, M., J.I. Mead, and R.S. Anderson. 2007. Dung, diet, and the paleoenvironment of the extinct shrub-ox (Euceratherium collinum) on the Colorado Plateau, USA. Quaternary Research 67:143-151.

Kurten, B. and E. Anderson. 1980. Pleistocene Mammals of North America. Columbia University Press, New York, NY. Hardbound, 442 pp.

Lister, A.M. and A.V. Sher. 2015. Research reports: evolution and dispersal of mammoths across the northern hemisphere. Science 350(6262):805-809.

MacFadden, B.J. and M.F. Skinner. 1979. Diversification and biogeography of the one-toed horses: Onohippidium and Hippidion. Postilla (Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University) Number 175: 1-10.

Marrs, B. 2006. History of fossil collecting in the Anza-Borrego Desert region. Chapter 1, pp. 1-23, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Martin, R.A. and R.H. Prince. 1989. A new species of early Pleistocene cotton rat from the Anza-Borrego Desert of southern California. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 88:80-87.

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Martin, R.A. 1993. Late Pliocene and Pleistocene cotton rats in the southwestern United States. Pp. 88- 89 in Reynolds, R.E. and J. Reynolds. 1993. Ashes, Faults and Basins, San Bernardino County Museum Association Special Publication Volume 93-1.

McDaniel, G.E., Jr. and G.T. Jefferson. 2003. Mammuthus meridionalis (Proboscidea: Elephantidae) from the Borrego Badlands of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California: phylogenetic and biochronologic implications. Pp. 239-252 in Reumer, J.W.F., J. De Vos, and D. Mol (eds.), Advances in Mammoth Research (Proceedings of the Second International Mammoth Conference, Rotterdam, May 16-20, 1999). DEINSEA 9:239-252.

McDaniel, G.E. , Jr. 2006. Mammoths and their relatives. Chapter 13, pp. 217-233, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

McDonald, H.G. 2006. The ground sloths: invaders from South America. Chapter 10, pp. 161-174, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

McDonald, H.G. 2006. Anza-Borrego and the great American biotic interchange. Chapter 19, pp. 329- 337, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

McDonald, H.G. and G.T. Jefferson. 2008. Distribution of Pleistocene Nothrotheriops (Xenarthra, Nothrotheridae) in North America. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Science Series Number 41: 313-331.

McDonald, H.G. 2017. An overview of the presence of osteoderms in sloths: implications for osteoderms as a plesiomorphic character of the Xenartha. Journal of Mammalian Evolution (published online: 12 December 2017). 8 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-017-9415-8 [photograph and references to fossil specimen of “Paramylodon harlani from the Irvingtonian of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park”]

McDougall, K. 2011. Update on microfossil studies in the northern Gulf of California, Salton Trough, and lower Colorado River. Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey (2011): 218-221.

Mead, J.I., S. Holte, R.S. White, and R. McCord. 2015. Early Pleistocene (Blancan) helodermatid lizard from Arizona, USA. Journal of Herpetology 49(2):295-301. DOI 10.1670/13-222 [pp. 295-297 – Gensler, Heloderma osteoderm, Anza-Borrego, Coyote Badlands]

Miller, G.J. 1985. A look into the past of the Anza-Borrego Desert. Environment Southwest 510:12-17.

Miller, G.J., P. Remeika, J.D. Parks, B.W. Stout, and V.E. Waters. 1991. A preliminary report on half-a- million-year-old cutmarks on mammoth bones from the Anza-Borrego Desert Irvingtonian. Imperial Valley College Museum Society Occasional Papers 8:1-47.

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Murray, L.K., D.R. Ruez, Jr. and C.J. Bell. 2011. New perspectives on lagomorph and rodent biochronology in the Anza-Borrego Desert of Southern California, USA. L.H. Taylor (prefacer); L.L. Jacobs (prefacer). Palaeontologia Electronica 14. 3 (2011): 14 pages.

Murray, L.K. 2006. The small carnivorans: canids, felids, procyonids, mustelids. Chapter 12, pp. 197- 214, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Murray, L.K. 2006. The smaller artiodactyls: peccaries, oxen, deer, and pronghorns. Chapter 16, pp. 273-287, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Murray, L.K., G.T. Jefferson, S. Keeley, R. Keeley, and A. Mroz. 2014. The first record of Rancholabrean age fossils from the Anza-Borrego Desert. Pp. 126-129 in Reynolds, R.E. (ed.). Not a Drop Left to Drink: The 2014 Desert Symposium Field Guide and Proceedings. California State University Desert Studies Consortium. Spiralbound, 232 pp.

Norell, M.A. 1989. Late Cenozoic lizards of the Anza-Borrego Desert, California. Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 414:1-31.

Orcutt, C.R. 1903. The Colorado Desert. West American Scientist 15(128): 38-48. [discussions on history, geography, geology, paleontology, ethnology, botany, hydrology, etc.]

Remeika, P., I.W. Fischbein, and S.A. Fischbein. 1988. Lower Pliocene petrified wood from the Palm Spring formation, Anza-Borrego State Park, California. Review of Palaeontology and Palynology 56:183- 198.

Remeika, P. 1992. Preliminary report on the stratigraphy and vertebrate fauna of the Middle Pleistocene Ocotillo formation, Borrego Badlands, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. San Bernardino County Museum Quarterly 39(2):25-26.

Remeika, P. and G.T. Jefferson. 1993. The Borrego local fauna: revised basin-margin stratigraphy and paleontology of the western Borrego Badlands, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. Pp. 90-93 in Reynolds, R.E. and J. Reynolds. 1993. Ashes, Faults and Basins, San Bernardino County Museum Association Special Publication Volume 93-1.

Remeika, P. and R.F. Fleming. 1995. Cretaceous palynoflora and Neogene Angiosperm woods from Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California: implications for Pliocene climate of the Colorado Plateau and age of the Grand Canyon. Pp. 64-81 in Remeika, P. and A. Sturz (eds.), Paleontology and Geology of the Western Salton Trough Detachment, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park: Field Trip Guidebook and Volume for the 1995 San Diego Association of Geologists’ Field Trip to Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Volume I. San Diego Association of Geologists. Softbound, 136 pp.

Remeika, P. and G.T. Jefferson. 1995. The Borrego local fauna: revised basin-margin stratigraphy and paleontology of the western Borrego Badlands, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. Pp. 97-103 in Remeika, P. and A. Sturz (eds.), Paleontology and Geology of the Western Salton Trough Detachment, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park: Field Trip Guidebook and Volume for the 1995 San Diego Association of

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Geologists’ Field Trip to Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Volume I. San Diego Association of Geologists. Softbound, 136 pp.

Remeika, P., G.T. Jefferson, and L.K. Murray. 1995. Fossil vertebrate faunal list for the Vallecito-Fish Creek and Borrego-San Felipe Basins, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park and vicinity, California. Pp. 82-93 in Remeika, P. and A. Sturz (eds.), Paleontology and Geology of the Western Salton Trough Detachment, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park: Field Trip Guidebook and Volume for the 1995 San Diego Association of Geologists’ Field Trip to Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Volume I. San Diego Association of Geologists. Softbound, 136 pp.

Remeika, P. 1998. Marine invertebrate paleontology and stratigraphy of the Vallecito-Fish Creek Basin: a historic review, synthesis and revision. Pp. 59-92 in Lindsay, L. and W.G. Hample (eds.) Geology and Geothermal Resources of the Imperial and Mexicali Valleys. San Diego Association of Geologists, San Diego, CA. Softbound, 187 pp.

Remeika, P. 2001. The Fish Creek Canyon ichnofauna: a Pliocene (Blancan) vertebrate footprint assemblage from Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. Pp. 55-75 in V.L. Santucci and L. McClelland (eds.), Proceedings of the 6th Fossil Resource Conference. Geological Resources Division Technical Report NPS/NRGRD/GRDTR-01/01. National Park Service D-2228.

Remeika, P. 2006. Ancestral woodlands of the Colorado River delta plain. Chapter 4, pp. 75-87, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Remeika, P. 2006. Dating, ashes, and magnetics: new times for old bones. Chapter 6, pp. 107-119, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Remeika, P. 2006. Fossil footprints of Anza-Borrego. Chapter 18, pp. 311-327, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Roeder, M.A. and J. Johnstone. 2014. The first fossil record of Gila elegans (bonytail) from the Ocotillo Formation (late Pleistocene), Borrego Badlands of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, San Diego County, California. Pp. 121-122 in Reynolds, R.E. (ed.). Not a Drop Left to Drink: The 2014 Desert Symposium Field Guide and Proceedings. California State University Desert Studies Consortium. Spiralbound, 232 pp.

Rough, N.S. 2014. Imperial Group invertebrate fossils – Part 2: the Kidwell collection. Pp. 138-143 in Reynolds, R.E. (ed.). Not a Drop Left to Drink: The 2014 Desert Symposium Field Guide and Proceedings. California State University Desert Studies Consortium. Spiralbound, 232 pp.

Scott, E and S.M. Cox. 1993. Arctodus simus (Cope, 1879) from Riverside County, California. PaleoBios 15(2):27-36. [comparison of Riverside Co. specimen with an earlier collection from Vallecito by Downs and White]

Scott, E. 2006. Extinct horses and their relatives. Chapter 15, pp. 253-271, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California

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State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Shaw, C.A. and S.M. Cox. 2006. The large carnivorans: wolves, bears, and big cats. Chapter 11, pp. 177- 191, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Spinks, T. 2018. Initial report of fossil wood from the Alverson Formation, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. Abstract, p. 166 in D.M. Miller (ed.), Against the Current: The Mojave River from Sink to Source. The 2018 Desert Symposium Field Guide and Proceedings – April 2018. Desert Symposium, Inc. 167 pp.

Stewart, J.D. and M.A. Roeder. 1993. Razorback sucker (Xyrauchen) fossils from the Anza-Borrego Desert and the ancestral Colorado River. Pp. 94-96 in Reynolds, R.E. and J. Reynolds. 1993. Ashes, Faults and Basins, San Bernardino County Museum Association Special Publication Volume 93-1.

Sussman, S., L. Lindsay, and H.J. Spero. 2006. Paleoclimates and environmental change in the Anza- Borrego Desert region. Chapter 20, pp. 339-352, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Sussman, D.R., F.W. Croxen III, H.G. McDonald and C.A. Shaw. 2016. Fossil porcupine (Mammalia, Rodentia, Erethizontidae) from El Golfo de Santa Clara, Sonora, Mexico, with a review of the taxonomy of the North American Erethizontids. Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 524:1-29.

Thompson, R.S. 1991. Pliocene environments and climates in the western United States. Quaternary Science Reviews 10:115-132.

Watkins, R. 1990. Pliocene channel deposits of oyster shells in the Salton Trough region, California. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 79:249-262.

Webb, S.D. 2006. The great American biotic interchange: patterns and processes. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 93(2): 245-247.

Webb, S.D., K. Randall, and G.T. Jefferson. 2006. Extinct camels and llamas of Anza-Borrego. Chapter 17, pp. 293-310, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

White, J.A. and T. Downs. 1961. A new Geomys from the Vallecito Creek Pleistocene of California; with notes on variation in Recent and fossil species. Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Contributions in Science 42:1-34.

White, J.A. 1965. Kangaroo rats (family Heteromyidae) of the Vallecito Creek Pleistocene of California. Geological Society of America Bulletin 82:288-289.

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White, J.A. 1967. Late Cenozoic bats (sub-family Nyctophylinae) from the Anza-Borrego Desert of California. Miscellaneous Publications of the University of Kansas Museum of Natural History 51:275- 282.

White, J.A. 1968. A new porcupine from the Middle Pleistocene of the Anza-Borrego Desert of California, with notes on mastication in Coendou and Erethizon. Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Contributions in Science 136:1-15, figs. 1-8.

White, J.A. 1970. Late Cenozoic porcupines (Mammalia, Erethizontidae) of North America. American Museum Novitates 2421:1-15.

White, J.A. 1984. Late Cenozoic Leporidae (Mammalia: Lagomorpha) from the Anza-Borrego Desert, California. Carnegie Museum of Natural History Special Publication 9:41-57.

White, J.A. 1987. The Archaeolaginae (Mammalia, Lagomorpha) of North America, excluding Archaeolagus and Panolax. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 7(4):425-450.

White, J.A., H. Wagner, and G.T. Jefferson. 2006. The small fossil mammals: rodents, rabbits, and their relatives. Chapter 14, pp. 235-251, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza- Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Zakrzewski, R.J. 1972. Fossil microtines from late Cenozoic deposits in the Anza-Borrego Desert, California, with the description of a new subgenus of Synaptomys. Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Contributions in Science 221:1-12.

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Fourth Grove, Borrego Palm Canyon – photo by Steve Bier

BOTANY/PLANT ECOLOGY/VEGETATION ECOLOGY/MYCOLOGY

Abeyta, A.M. and J. Franklin. 1998. The accuracy of vegetation stand boundaries derived from image segmentation in a desert environment. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 64(1):59-66.

Abrams, L. 1905. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 32:540 [Gilia caruifolia]

Abrams, L. 1974 (reprinted). Illustrated Flora of the Pacific States: Washington, Orego, and California – in Four Volumes. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California. Vol. I – 538 pp.; Vol. II – 635 pp.; Vol. III – 866 pp.; Vol. IV – 732 pp.

Allen, E.B. 1995. Restoration ecology: limits and possibilities in arid and semiarid lands. Pp. 7-15 in Roundy, B.A., E.D. McArthur, J.S. Haley, and D.K. Mann (comps.), Proceedings: Wildland Shrub and Arid Land Restoration Symposium, October 19-21, 1993, Las Vegas, Nevada. U.S. Department of Agriculture – Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Ogden, Utah. General Technical Report INT-GTR-315. 384 pp.

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Allen, M.F., C. Figueroa, B.S. Weinbaum, S.B. Barlow, and E.B. Allen. 1996. Differential production of oxalate by mycorrhizal fungi in arid ecosystems. Biology and Fertility of Soils 22:287-292. [Tables 1 & 2: Anza-Borrego, CA – Prosopis glandulosa – Glomus deserticola]

Allred, K.W. 1992. The genus Aristida (Gramineae) in California. Great Basin Naturalist 52(1):41-52. [Aristida adscensionis – 1.5 mi E of Vallecitos; Borrego Springs. A. californica var. californica – San Felipe Narrows; canyon W of Borrego Spring. A. purpurea var. longiseta – San Felipe; San Felipe Gap; head of Fox (sic) Canyon near Mason Valley; Yaqui Well. A. purpurea var. parishii – Anza Canyon E of Julian. A. purpurea var. purpurea – near Vallecitos Station.

Al-Whaibi, M.H. 2009. Desert plants and mycorrhizae (a mini-review). Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 3(2):457-466. [p. 460, cites Bethlenfalvay et al.’s study of ABDSP in comparing with other deserts of the world]

Anderson, J.L. 2011. Noteworthy collection: Arizona – Bursera microphylla. Madrono 58(1):64-65.

Andres-Hernandez, A.R., T. Terrazas, G. Salazar, and H. Ochoterena. 2014. Phylogenetic analysis based on structural and combined analysis of Rhus s.s. (Anacardiaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 176:452-468. [Rhus ovata – Sentenac Canyon]

Anon. 1941. Wildflowers on parade. Desert Magazine 4(7):5-6.

Armstrong, W.P. 1977. A tiny native with an enormous relative. Fremontia 5(3):20-22.

Armstrong, W.P. 1977. The desert lantern and the bottle cleaner: two evening primroses in Anza- Borrego Desert with unique dried flower stalks. Environment Southwest 477:3-4.

Armstrong, W.P. 1978. Parasites of the desert – Part I. Desert Magazine 41(7):32-35.

Armstrong, W.P. 1978. Parasites of the desert – Part II. Desert Magazine 41(8):32-35.

Armstrong, W.P. 1979. Pilostyles that nobody sees: a tiny native wildflower in San Diego County. Environment Southwest 484:17-19.

Armstrong, W.P. 1985. Wild fruits of the desert. Environment Southwest 510:26-31.

Axelrod, D.I. 1979. Age and origin of Sonoran Desert vegetation. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences No. 132:1-74.

Axelrod, D. I. 1988. Outline history of California vegetation. Chapter 5, pp. 139-193 in Barbour, M.G. and J. Major (eds.), Terrestrial Vegetation of California, new expanded edition 1988. Special Publication Number 9, California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, California. 1030 pp.

Bainbridge, D.A. 1991. Ecological restoration of the Ant Hill, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park.

Bainbridge, D.A., M. Fidelibus, and R. MacAller. 1995. Techniques for plant establishment in arid ecosystems. Restoration and Management Notes 13(2): 190-197.

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Bainbridge, D.A. 2007. A Guide for Desert and Dryland Restoration: New Hope for Arid Lands. Island Press, Washington, D.C. Softbound, 391 pp.

Baker, M.A., J.P. Rebman, B.D. Parfitt, D.J. Pinkava, and A.D. Zimmerman. 2009. Chromosome numbers in some cacti of western North America – VIII. Haseltonia 15:117-134. [p. 125 – Cylindropuntia bigelovii, ESE of Sweeney Pass; p. 126 – C. gander, Torote Canyon, Carrizo Valley, Vallecito Mountains; p. 128 – C. wolfii., ESE of Sweeney Pass; p. 132 – Echincereus engelmannii ssp. engelmannii, SW of Torote Canyon; p. 134 – Mammillaria dioica, Indian Gorge Pass Road; Anza-Borrego Desert State Park]

Baldwin, B.G., A.H. Thornhill, W.A. Freyman, D.D. Ackerly, M.M. Kling, N. Morueta-Holme, and B.D. Mishler. 2017. Species richness and endemism in the native flora of California. American Journal of Botany 104(3):487-501. [Borrego Valley – see discussion of Sonoran Desert on p. 500]

Barbour, M.G. and J. Major (eds.). 1988. Terrestrial Vegetation of California, new expanded edition. Special Publication Number 9, California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, California. 1030 pp.

Barbour, M., B. Pavlik, F. Drysdale and S. Lindstrom. 1993. California’s Changing Landscapes: Diversity and Conservation of California Vegetation. California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, CA. Softbound, 244 pp.

Bauder, E.T. and A. Larigauderie. 1991. Rehabilitation success and potential of Mojave and Colorado Desert sites. Unpublished report, California Department of Parks and Recreation, Off-Highway Motor Vehicle Recreation Division, Sacramento, CA. Contract #4-550-0074. 77 pp.

Bauder, E.T. 1993. Genetic diversity: esoteric or essential? Pp. 35-42 in Keeley, J.E. (ed.), Interface Between Ecology and Land Development in California. Southern California Academy of Sciences, Los Angeles, California.

Bauder, E.T. Olneya report and monitoring reports for IID trespass.

Bauder, E.T. and S. McMillan. 1998. Current distribution and historical extent of vernal pools in southern California and northern Baja California, Mexico. Pp. 56-70 in Witham, C.W., E.T. Bauder, D. Belk, W.R. Ferren Jr., and R. Ornduff (eds.), Ecology, Conservation, and Manaagement of Vernal Pool Ecosystems – Proceedings from a 1996 Conference. California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, California. [Downingia concolor var. brevior and Limnanthes gracilis ssp. parishii – Cuyamaca Valley]

Baxter, E.M. 1935. California Cactus: A Complete and Scientific Record of the Cacti Native in California. Abbey San Encino Press, Los Angeles, CA. Hardbound, 93 p.

Beal, M. 1939. Food and fishlines for the tribesmen. Desert Magazine 3(2):13-14.

Bean, L.J. and K.S. Saubel. 1972. Temalpakh: Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants. Malki Museum Press, Morongo Indian Reservation, CA. 224 pp.

Beath, O.A., C.S. Gilbert, and H.F. Eppson. 1940. The use of indicator plants in locating seleniferous areas in western United States. III. Further studies. American Journal of Botany 27(7):564-573. [P. 569 – Aster orcuttii, Carrizo and Borego, and Astragalus limatus, Borego.]

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Beauchamp, R.M. 1986. A Flora of San Diego County, California. Sweetwater River Press, National City, CA. Hardbound, 241 pp.

Benson, L.D. 1969. The native cacti of California – new names and nomenclatural combinations. Cactus & Succulent Journal (U.S.) 41:33. [new name for Opuntia echinocarpa var. wolfii (Mountain Springs Grade) and new combination for Opuntia acanthocarpa var. ganderi (3 miles below Vallecito Stage Station)]

Benson, L. 1969. The Native Cacti of California. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA. Hardbound, 243 pp.

Benson, L. 1982. The Cacti of the United States and Canada. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA. Hardbound, 1044 pp.

Bethlenfalvay, G.J., S. Dakessian, and R.S. Pacovsky. 1984. Mycorrhizae in a southern California desert: ecological implications. Canadian Journal of Botany 62:519-524.

Bethlenfalvay, G.J., R.L. Franson, M.S. Brown, and K.L. Mihara. 1989. The Glycine-Glomus- Bradyrhizobium symbiosis. IX. Nutritional, morphological and physiological responses of nodulated soybean to geographic isolates of the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae. Physiolologia Plantarum 76:226-232. [“The AR and SE isolates of G. mosseae were collected from Juniperus californica Carr. in a sandy wash of the Anza-Borrego desert of Southern California (Bethlenfalvay et al. 1983)”]

Blua, M.J., Z. Hanscom III, and B.D. Collier. 1988. Glucocapparin variability among four populations of Isomeris arborea Nutt. Journal of Chemical Ecology 14(2):623-633. [Yaqui Well study site]

Bossard, C.C., J.M. Randall, and M.C. Hoshovsky. 2000. Invasive Plants of California’s Wildlands. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Softbound, 360 pp.

Bourell, M. and T.F. Daniel. 1988. Noteworthy collections: California. Carlowrightia arizonica. Madrono 35:279-280.

Boyd, S. 1998. Arabis hirshbergiae (Brassicaceae), a narrow endemic from the Cuyamaca Mountains, San Diego County, California. Aliso 17(2):203-205.

Brandegee, T.S. 1891. A new Astragalus. Zoe 2(1):72. [Astragalus coccineus – “This is without doubt the plant collected by C.R. Orcutt on the eastern slope of the mountains, bordering the Colorado Desert, in San Diego County”]

Brandegee, 1899. New species of western plants. Botanical Gazette 27(6):444-457. [p. 453 description of Cryptantha costata – type locality: Borregos springs, Colorado desert (T.S. Brandegee April 18 1895)]

Brandegee, T.S. 1903. Vegetation of the Colorado Desert. Zoe 5(9):153-155. [P. 155 – original description of Calycoseris wrightii var. californica, “in sand, near San Felipe”]

Brandegee, T.S. 1906. Plants of California. Zoe 5(11):227-230. [P. 227 – Fagonia californica (“foothills of the western side of the Colorado Desert, … east of the Cuyamaca Mountains”); Oenothera cardiophylla (“grows in the cañons of Carriso and Split Mountains of the Colorado Desert”); P. 228 –

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Nemacaulis nuttallii (“grows abundantly on a sand dune of the Colorado Desert near Carriso Creek”); Peucephyllum schottii (… “cañons of Carriso Mountains, Colorado Desert”); Malperia tenuis (“grows also about Split and Carriso Mountains”)]

Britton, N.L. and J.N. Rose. 1920. The Cactaceae: Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication No. 248. 4 volumes, 1919-1923.

Brown, D.E. and R.A. Minnich. 1986. Fire and changes in creosote bush scrub of the western Sonoran Desert, California. The American Midland Naturalist 116(2):411-422.

Buchheim, H.P. 1995. Stromatolites: living fossils in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Pp. 119-124 in Remeika, P. and A. Sturz (eds.), Paleontology and Geology of the Western Salton Trough Detachment, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park: Field Trip Guidebook and Volume for the 1995 San Diego Association of Geologists’ Field Trip to Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Volume I. San Diego Association of Geologists. Softbound, 136 pp.

Burk, J.H. 1988. Sonoran Desert. Chapter 25, pp. 869-889 in Barbour, M.G. and J. Major (eds.), Terrestrial Vegetation of California, new expanded edition 1988. Special Publication Number 9, California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, California. 1030 pp.

Burk, J.H. 1993. Plants and plant communities of the Ashes, Faults and Basins field trip. Pp. 62-63 in Reynolds, R.E. and J. Reynolds. 1993. Ashes, Faults and Basins, San Bernardino County Museum Association Special Publication Volume 93-1.

Castetter, E.F., W.H. Bell, and A.R. Grove. 1938. Ethnobiological studies in the American Southwest: VI. The early utilization and the distribution of agave in the American Southwest. The University of New Mexico Bulletin 31:1-92. [p. 15 – Agave deserti … occurs in the … “Santa Rosa, Vallecito, Fish Creek, and Laguna mountains”; Coyote Creek Canyon, Sentenac Canyon, Fish Creek Canyon, Vallecito-Julian road]

Chamberland, M. 1997. Systematics of the Echinocactus polycephalus complex (Cactaceae). Systematic Botany 22(2):303-313.

Chamlee, H.V. 1979. Wildflowers of the western Colorado Desert. Fremontia 6(4):22-23.

Clark, C. and J.A. Jernstedt. 1978. Systematic studies of Eschscholzia (Papaveraceae). II. Seed coat microsculpturing. Systematic Botany 3(4):386-402.

Clemons, D. 1986. Plants of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Anza-Borrego Desert Natural History Association, Borrego Springs, CA. Softbound, 30 pp.

Cody, M.L. 1991. Niche theory and plant growth form. Vegetatio 97(1):39-55.

Cornett, J.W. 1985. A new locality for desert fan palms in California. Desert Plants 7(3):164. [mentions shorter stature of palms at Pygmy Grove in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park]

Cornett, J.W. 1985. Reading the fan palms. Natural History 94(10):64-73. [Una Palma, Five Palms, Seventeen Palms]

Cornett, J.W. and J.M. Stewart. 1986. Palm burning and increased spadix production. Southwestern Naturalist 31(4):552-553. [“Five Palm Springs and Seventeen Palms Oasis in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, San Diego Co.”]

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Cornett, J.W., T. Glenn, and J.M. Stewart. 1986. The largest desert fan palm oases. Principes 30(2):82- 84. [Borrego Palm Canyon, 790 mature palms]

Cornett J.W, J. Stewart, and T. Glenn. 1986. Washingtonia robusta naturalized in southeastern California. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 85(1):56—57.

Cornett, J.W. 1989. Desert Palm Oasis. Palm Springs Desert Museum, Palm Springs, CA. Softbound, 48 pp.

Cornett, J.W. 2008. The desert fan palm oasis. Pp. 158-184, Chapter 8, in L.E. Stevens and V.J. Meretsky (eds.), Aridland Springs in North America: Ecology and Conservation. Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum Studies in Natural History, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona. 406 pp.

Cota, F.M. 1933. Further notes on the pteridophytes of San Diego County, California. American Fern Journal 23(3):77-83. [Woodwardia chamissoi – Montezuma Valley, at 4500 feet; Palm Canyon, Borrego Valley. Adiantum capillus-veneris – Palm Canyon and Devil’s Canyon, Borrego Valley, western edge of the Colorado Desert. Cheilanthes viscida – Devil’s Canyon, Mason Valley; along the western edge of Borrego Valley; The Narrows; San Felipe Valley. Cheilanthes covillei – San Felipe Valley; The Narrows; Montezuma Valley at 4500 feet; Palm Canyon and Devil’s Canyon, Borrego Valley. Pellaea mucronata – San Felipe Valley near the Colorado Desert; Palm Canyon on the Colorado Desert. Selaginella eremophila – Borrego Valley, Palm Canyon, Mason Valley, The Narrows]

Coville, F.V. 1895. The botanical explorations of Thomas Coulter in Mexico and California. Botanical Gazette 20(12):519-531.

Cox, G.W. 1984. The distribution and origin of mima mound grasslands in San Diego County, California. Ecology 65(5):1397-1405. [Sentenac Cienega, San Felipe Valley]

Craig, T. 1934. A revision of the subgenus Hugelia of the genus Gilia (Polemoniaceae). Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 61(8):411-428. [Gilia eremica – Borego Valley, Sentenac Canyon, Palm Creek; Gilia filifolia var. diffusa – San Felipe Hill, Borego Spring, Yaqui Well].

Cutak, L. 1947. Along the highways and byways in southern California. Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 35(4):93-103.

D’Antonio, C. and T. Dudley. 1997. Saltcedar as an invasive component of the riparian vegetation of Coyote Creek, Anza-Borrego State Park. Final Report to California Department of Parks and Recreation, San Diego, California. 56 pp.

Davidson, A. 1930. Horsfordia alata Gray: a new record for U.S. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 29(2):100. [description of the locality sounds like it could be in the vicinity of the Travertine Palms portion of ABDSP]

Davis, W.S. and P.H. Raven. 1962. Three new species related to Malacothrix clevelandii. Madroño 16(8):258-266. [description of M. stebbinsii, citing specimens from Palm Canyon, Borrego Valley (Wolf) and San Felipe Hill (Jones)]

Dawson, E.Y. 1945. Elephant trees in California. Desert Plant Life 17(2):20-22.

Dawson, E.Y. 1966. Cacti of California. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Softbound, 64 pp.

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De Groot, S.J. 2011. Spatial analysis of morphology in Eriastrum eremicum (Polemoniaceae). Systematic Botany 36(2):449-464.

De Groot, S.J. 2016. Tomus nominum eriastri: The nomenclature and taxonomy of Eriastrum (Polemoniaceae: Loeselieae). Aliso 34(2):25-152 (+ online supplement of exsiccatae).

Dempster, L.T. and G.L. Stebbins. 1971. The Galium angustifolium complex (Rubiaceae) of California and Baja California. Madroño 21(2):70-95. [Galium angustifolium ssp. borregoense – type locality “Palm Canyon, Borrego Valley”]

Desjardin, D.E. 1991. A new species of Hemimycena (Agaricales, Tricholomataceae) from Anza Borrego Desert of southern California. Mycotaxon (USA).

Desrochers, A.M. and B.A. Bohm. 1993. Flavonoid variation in Lasthenia californica (Asteraceae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 21(4):449-453.

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Dice, J.C., M.C. Jorgensen, K.L. Pilcher, C.H. Smith, and R. Theriault. 1992. Known populations of elephant trees (Bursera microphylla) in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, San Diego County, California. Unpublished report, California Department of Parks and Recreation, Southern Region Headquarters, 8885 Rio San Diego Drive, Suite 270, San Diego, Caifornia 92108.

Dice, J.C. 1997. Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Pp. 214-215 in P.M. Faber, ed., California’s Wild Gardens: A Living Legacy. The California Native Plant Society for the California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento, CA. 236 pp.

Dice, J.C. and K.L. Dice. 1997. Elephant trees: botanical curiosities of the Sonoran Desert. Educational Bulletin #97-2, Desert Protective Council, Inc., Educational Foundation, Spring Valley, CA. 4 pp.

Ebert, T.A. and P.H. Zedler. 1984. Decomposition of ocotillo (Fouquieria splendens) wood in the Colorado Desert of California. American Midland Naturalist 111(1):143-147.

Ebert, T.A. 2006. Density dependent responses of cacti, Cylindropuntia bigelovii and C. echinocarpa (Cactaceae), in the desert of Southern California, USA. Journal of Arid Environments 66:609-619.

Ebert, Th.A. and Ti.A. Ebert. 2006. Decomposition rate of ocotillo (Fouquieria splendens) wood in the desert of southern California and its use in estimating adult survival by life-cycle graph analysis. Plant Ecology 186: 177-187.

Ehleringer, J. and I Forseth. 1980. Solar tracking by plants. Science 210(4474): 1094-1098.

Engelmann, G. 1859. Cactaceae of the boundary. Pp. 1-78 + 75 plates in W.H. Emory, United States and Mexican Boundary Survey. [Mammillaria phellosperma – “dry gravelly hills about the base of the mountains east of the Californian Cordilleras, near San Felipe”; Echinocactus cylindraceus – “rocky ravines near San Felipe, on the eastern slope of the California mountains, in latitude 33⁰, Dr. Parry”; Cereus engelmannii – “mountains about San Felipe, on the eastern declivity of the Californian Cordilleras, Parry”; Opuntia parryi – “eastern slope of the Californian Mountains near San Felipe”;

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Epling, C., H. Lewis, and P.H. Raven. 1962. Chromosomes of Salvia: section Audibertia. Aliso 5(2):217- 221. [Salvia apiana, Sentenac Canyon]

Epling, C. and C. Jativa. 1968. Supplementary notes on American Labiatae. X. Brittonia 20(4):295-313.

Everett, P.C. 1957. A Summary of the Culture of California Plants at the Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden 1927-1950. The Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA. Softbound, 223 pp.

Ewan, J. 1936. The genus Delphinium in North America: series Pelligerae of subsection Subscaposa. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 63(6):327-342. [Delphinium collinum – type from ridge between Campbell’s Ranch and Mason Valley; San Felipe Creek, Grapevine Creek, San Felipe Hill, Yaqui Well, Hellhole Cañon, Sentenac Canyon, Oriflamme Canyon]

Ewan, J. 1942. Bibliographical miscellany. IV. A bibliogeographical guide to the Brandegee botanical collections. American Midland Naturalist 27(3):772-789. [San Felipe Creek, Borregos Springs, San Felipe, Mason’s, La Puerta Valley, Vallecitos, Carisso (sic) Creek, Ironwood/Yaqui Well]

Felger, R.S., S. Rutman, and J.M. Porter. 2016. Ajo Peak to Tinajas Altas: flora of southwestern Arizona part 18. Eudicots: Polemoniaceae – Phlox Family. Phytoneuron 35:1-24.

Felker, P., G.H. Cannell, P.R. Clark, J.F. Osborn, and P. Nash. 1983. Biomass production of Prosopis species (mesquite), Leucaena, and other leguminous trees grown under heat/drought stress. Forest Science 29(3):592-606.

Forseth, I. and J.R. Ehleringer. 1980. Solar tracking reponse to drought in a desert annual. Oecologia 44: 159-163.

Fosberg, F.R. 1934. The southern California prickly-pears. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 33(2):93-104. [Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck var. megacarpa (Griffiths) Fosberg n. comb. – “in San Felipe Valley, eastern San Diego County.”]

Gallas, G. and E.R. Waters. 2015. Boechera species exhibit species-specific responses to combined heat and high light stress. PLoS ONE 10(6): e0129041. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0129041. [Boechera perennans SDNHM 193153, collected from ABDSP near Dos Cabezas]

Ganders, F.R. and H. Kennedy. 1978. Gynodioecy in Mammillaria dioica (Cactaceae). Madroño 25(4):234.

Gentry, H.S. 1982. Agaves of Continental North America. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona. 620 pp. [Agave deserti, pp. 376-77, 382, 411]

Goeden, R.D. and D.W. Ricker. 1973. A soil profile analysis for puncturevine fruit and seed. Weed Science 21(6):504-507. [one study site located at Borrego Springs, Imperial County (sic)]

Goforth, B.R. and R.A. Minnich. 2008. Noteworthy collections – California: Calocedrus decurrens (Torrey) Florin (Cupressaceae). Madroño 55(1):89.

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Goodman, G.J. 1934. A revision of the North American species of the genus Chorizanthe. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 21(1):1-102. [C. brevicornu – San Felipe Creek, San Felipe Wash, Palm Wash; C. corrugata – Yaqui Wells, Palm Wash; C. laciniata – San Felipe Creek/Sentenac Canyon]

Goodpasture, C. and J.E. Bowers. 2004. The Best Spring Ever: Why El Nino Makes the Desert Bloom. California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, CA. Softbound, 86 pp.

Goralka, R.J.L. and J.H. Langenheim. 1995. Analysis of foliar monoterpenoid content in the California bay tree, Umbellularia californica, among populations across the distribution of the species. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 23(4):439-448. [“southern-most known population in the Anza- Borrego Desert in California” – this may be the population in Pepperwood Canyon, McCain Valley, BLM]

Grant, A.L. 1924. A monograph of the genus Mimulus. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 11(2/3):99-388. [M. guttatus: borders of Cuyamaca Lake (Abrams), southwestern part of Colorado Desert (Orcutt), and Bubbling Spring, Collins Valley (Jepson); M. diffusus: Cuyamaca Mts. (Vasey), Colorado Desert , San Diego Co. (Orcutt); M. bigelovii: Borrego Valley (Jepson), Vallecito (Jepson), San Felipe Canyon (Eastwood), southwestern Colorado Desert (Orcutt); M. fremontii: San Felipe (TS Brandegee), Blair Valley (Jepson); M. aridus: dry ridges, Jacumba (Abrams)

Grant, V. and K.A. Grant. 1966. Records of hummingbird pollination in the western American flora: I. Some California plant species. Aliso 6(2):51-66. [Fouquieria splendens – Borrego Valley, San Diego Co.]

Grant, V. and W.A. Connell. 1979. The association between Carpophilus beetles and cactus flowers. Plant Systematics and Evolution 133:99-102.

Greene, E.L. 1880. Botanizing on the Colorado Desert. I. The American Naturalist 14(11):787-793. [Account of a trip from San Diego to Yuma in February 1877. Descriptions of lots of desert plants, but little to no locality information – though he clearly went through the southern portion of ABDSP. Part I is from San Diego to Coyote Wells. Part II appeared in American Naturalist 15(1) and covers the remainder of the trip from Coyote Wells to Yuma.

Guilliams, C.M., B.A. Veno, M.G. Simpson and R.B. Kelley. 2013. Pectocarya anisocarpa, a new species of Boraginaceae, and a revised key for the genus in western North America. Aliso 31(1):1-13.

Hall, H.M. 1907. Compositae of southern California. University of California Publications in Botany 3(1):1-302. [Aster orcuttii – “Cariso Creek Wash, Borregos Springs, Split Mountain”; Encelia frutescens – “Cariso Creek”; Eriophyllum wallacei – western Colorado Desert at “San Felipe” and “Vallecito,” San Diego County; Chaenactis carphoclinia var. attenuata – Borrego Springs and San Felipe, Colorado Desert … and more]

Hall, H.M. 1928. The Genus Haplopappus: A Phyogenetic Study in the Compositae. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C. 391 pp. [pp. 158-159: H. linearifolius -- San Felipe, Coyote Cañon]

Halter, G., N. Simonetti, C. Suguitan, K. Helm, J. Soroksky, and E.R. Waters. 2017. Patterns of thermotolerance, chlorophyll fluorescence, and heat shock gene expression vary among four Boechera species and Arabidopsis thaliana. Botany 95:9-27. [p. 23, Boechera perennans – Anza-Borrego Desert]

Hanes, T.L. 1988. California chaparral. Chapter 12, pp. 417-469 in Barbour, M.G. and J. Major (eds.), Terrestrial Vegetation of California, new expanded edition 1988. Special Publication Number 9, California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, California. 1030 pp.

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Hansen, D.R., G.S. Spicer, and R. Patterson. 2009. Phylogenetic relationships between and within Phacelia sections Whitlavia and Gymnobythus (Boraginaceae). Systematic Botany 34(4):737-746.

Harte, J. 2011. Maximum Entropy and Ecology: A Theory of Abundance, Distribution, and Energetics. Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom. 257 pp. [pp. 179 and 182 table and graph using unpublished data set on “Anza-Borrego: desert plants”]

Hernandez-Sandoval, L. and J.P. Rebman. 2018. The genus Nolina (Asparagaceae) of the Baja California Peninsula, and the recognition of a new species combination. Systematic Botany 43(3):717-733. [P. 732 – photo of Nolina parryi on Whale Peak.]

Higgins, E.B. 1949. Annotated distributional list of ferns and flowering plants of San Diego County, California. Occasional Papers of the San Diego Society of Natural History, Number 8. 174 pp.

Higgins, E.B. 1959. Type localities of vascular plants in San Diego County, California. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 12(22):347-406.

Hitchcock, C.L. 1932. A monographic study of the genus Lycium of the western hemisphere. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 19(2/3):179-348+350-366. [L. richii (p. 253) Yaqui Well, Borrego Valley, Borrego Spring, Borrego Wells; L. andersonii (p. 276) Borrego Spring; L. torreyi (p. 285) Mason’s, Carisso Creek, Coyote Canyon (all T.S. Brandegee collections); L. parishii (p. 287) Vallecitos and Mt. Palm springs (both T.S. Brandegee collections); L. fremontii (p. 293) Split Mt., Borrego Springs (both Brandegee collections), San Felipe Canyon (Eastwood); L. cooperi (p. 309) San Felipe (K. Brandegee) and San Felipe Hill (Jones)]

Hitchcock, C.L. 1933. A taxonomic study of the genus Nama. II. American Journal of Botany 20(8):518- 534. [Nama demissum var. deserti – San Felipe Wash]

Hitchcock, C.L. 1936. The genus Lepidium in the United States. Madroño 3(7):265-320. [Lepidium lasiocarpum var. typicum – San Felipe Creek, San Diego County; Mountain Palm Spring, eastern San Diego County. L. flavum var. felipense – Type locality: San Felipe, California; canyon west of Borrego Springs; Iron Wood Well, Colorado Desert]

Hollowell, A.C., K.A. Gano, G. Lopez, K. Shahin, J.U. Regus, N. Gleason, S. Graeter, V. Pahua, and J.L. Sachs. 2015. Native California soils are selective reservoirs for multidrug-resistant bacteria. Environmental Microbiology Reports 7(3): 442-449.

Hollowell, A.C., J.U. Regus, K.A. Gano, R. Bantay, D. Centeno, J. Pham, J.Y. Lyu, D. Moore, A. Bernardo, G. Lopez, A. Patil, S. Patel, Y. Lii, and J.L. Sachs. 2016. Epidemic spread of symbiotic and non-symbiotic Bradyrhizobium genotypes across California. Microbial Ecology 71: 700-710.

Hollowell, A.C., J.U. Regus, D. Turissini, K.A. Gano-Cohen, R. Bantay, A. Bernardo, D. Moore, J. Pham, and J.L. Sachs. 2016. Metapopulation dominance and genomic island acquisition of Bradyrhizobium with superior catabolic capabilities. The Royal Society Proceedings B 283:20160496. 9 pp.

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Jaeger, E.C. 1940. Desert Wild Flowers. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California. 322 pp. [Bursera microphylla – Vallecito Mountains, p. 142, #303]

Jepson, W.L. 1925. A Manual of the Flowering Plants of California. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Hardbound, 1238 pp. [p. 507, Prunus fremontii var. pilulata – wagon wash near Sentenac Canyon] [p. 577, Astragalus agninus – Borrego Springs] [p. 681, Oenothera trichocalyx var. cineracea – “Borrego Spr., T.S. Brandegee”] [ p. 771, Gonolobus californicus – “Ironwood Well [Yaqui Well], T.S. Brandegee”] [p. 823, Phacelia eremica – “Rocky canon walls, . . . Collins Valley, Jepson 8852.”] [p. 870, Salvia eremostachya – “Indian Canon, Collins Valley, Jepson 8847.”] [p. 975, Nemacladus glandluliferus – wagon wash, near Sentenac Canon, Jepson 8766).

Johnson, P.R. 1982. Cacti, Shrubs and Trees of Anza-Borrego: An Amateur’s Key to Identifying Desert Plants. Anza-Borrego Desert Natural History Association, Borrego Springs, CA. Softbound, 30 pp.

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Keeler-Wolf, T., K. Lewis, and C. Roye. 1998. Vegetation mapping of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park and environs: a report to the California Department of Parks and Recreation. Natural Heritage Division, California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento, California. Contract #C433000. 106 pp.

Keller, S. 1979. A revision of the genus Wislizenia (Capparidaceae) based on population studies. Brittonia 31(3):333-351. [Wislizenia refracta ssp. palmeri – central part of Borrego Valley; Borrego Springs]

Kellogg, A. 1890. Parry’s lotus tree. West American Scientist 7(55):63-66. [P. 63 – Zizyphus parryi, “abounds in gravelly ravines near San Felipe, San Diego County”]

King, R.M. 1967. Studies in the Eupatorieae. (Compositae): I – III. Rhodora 69(777):35-47. [Pleurocoronis pluriseta – San Diego Co.: 15 mi e of Banner; Palm Cañon; San Felipe Wash; The Narrows. Malperia tenuis – Split Mt. Canyon, Fish Creek Mts.; Split Mt., Colorado Desert; Yagin (sic) Pass, Borrego Valley]]

Knudsen, K. and J. Kocourkova. 2008. A study of lichenocolous species of Polysporina (Acarosporaceae). Mycotaxon 105: 149-164

Knudsen, K. and J. Kocourkova. 2010. A new Lichenostigma species (Genus incertae sedis) from southern California. The Bryologist 113(2): 229-234.

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Knudsen, K, and J. Kocourkova. 2011. Lichenological notes 3: Sarcogyne plicata in California. Mycotaxon 118:423-431. [Sarcogyne “privigna” – Sentenac Canyon]

Koptur, S. 1996. Extrafloral nectaries in California plants. Fremontia 24(2):23-26. [Opuntia acanthocarpa in the Anza-Borrego Desert]

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Kyhos, D. W. 1971. Evidence of different adaptations of flower color variants of Encelia farinosa (Compositae). Madroño 21(2):49-61.

Lambert, A.M., C.M. D’Antonio, and T.L. Dudley. 2010. Invasive species and fire in California ecosystems. Fremontia 38(2-3):29-36.

Lambert, A.M., K. Saltonstall, R. Long, and T.L. Dudley. 2016. Biogeography of Phragmites australis lineages in the southwestern United States. Biological Invasions 18:2597-2617.

Lane, M.A. 1988. Generic relationships and taxonomy of Acamptopappus (Compositae: Astereae). Madroño 35(3):247-265.

Lanner, R.M. 1974. A new pine from Baja California and the hybrid origin of Pinus quadrifolia. The Southwestern Naturalist 19(1):75-95. [p. 92 Singleleaf pinyon stands at Pinyon Mountain (Anza-Borrego Desert State Park)]

Lei, Steven A. and Simon A. Lei. 1999. Ecology of psammophytic plants in the Mojave, Sonoran, and Great Basin Deserts. Pp. 212-216 in McArthur, E.D., W.K. Ostler and C.L. Wambolt (eds.), Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones. U.S. Department of Agriculture – Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, Utah. RMRS-P-11. 293 pp.

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Levin, G.A. 1987. Noteworthy collections – California: Rhus trilobata Nutt. ex Torrey & A. Gray var. simplicifolia (Greene) Barkley (Anacardiaceae). – San Diego Co., Piñon Peak; Vallecito Mountains. Madroño 34(2):171.

Levin, G.A. 1988. How plants survive in the desert. Environment Southwest 522:20-23.

Levin, G.A. 1988. Noteworthy collections – California: Astragalus pachypus E. Greene var. pachypus (Fabaceae). – San Diego Co., Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Bighorn Canyon. Madroño 35(3):279.

Levin, G.A. 1994. Systematics of the Acalypha californica complex (Euphorbiaceae). Madroño 41(4):254-265.

Lewis, H., C. Epling, G.A.L. Mehlquist, and C.G. Wyckoff. 1951. Chromosome numbers of Californian Delphiniums and their geographical occurrence. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 38(2):101-117.

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[Delphinium hesperium var. cuyamacae – Cuyamaca Lake; Delphinium parishii – Sentenac Canyon, Coyote Canyon, Borrego Palm Canyon]

Lewis, H. and C. Epling. 1954. A taxonomic study of Californian Delphiniums. Brittonia 8(1):1-22.

Lewis, H., P.H. Raven, C.S. Venkatesh, and H.L. Wedberg. 1958. Observations of meiotic chromosomes in the Onagraceae. Aliso 4(1):73-86.

Lewis, H. and P. Raven. 1959. Documented chromosome numbers of plants. Madroño 15(2):49. [Hesperocallis undulata – Borrego Valley; Dithyrea californica – Borrego Valley; Lyrocarpa palmeri – Sentenac Canyon]

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Lightner, J. 2014. San Diego County Native Plants in the 1830’s: the Collections of Thomas Coulter, Thomas Nuttall, and H.M.S. Sulphur with George Barclay and Richard Hinds. San Diego Flora, San Diego, California. 54 pp. [Description of Couter’s 1832 travels across ABDSP, including San Felipe to Carrizal (Carrizo)]

Lightner, J. 2014. Parry’s California Notebooks, 1849-1851 – with Letters to John Torrey. Transcribed, edited and annotated by James Lightner. San Diego Flora, San Diego, California. 170 pp. [descriptions of landscapes and plants from San Felipe (including what sounds like Sentenac Cienega), Box Canyon, Carrizo, and Cuyamaca Lake – along with photograph of herbarium specimen (NYBG) of Ziziphus parryi collected at San Felipe]

Lindsay, G. 1963. Cacti of San Diego County: A Non-Technical Guide. Occasional Papers of the San Diego Society of Natural History, No. 12:1-48.

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Love, A. (ed.) 1981. Chromosome number reports LXXIII. Taxon 30(4):829-861. [Eriophyllum ambiguum – “end of Carrizo Creek Road, 2.5 km E of S2, Anza Borrego State Park”; E. wallacei – near Borrego Springs, Anza Borrego State Park; reports by Tanowitz, B.D., T. Lowrey, and P.J. Gordon]

Lovich, J.E. and D. Bainbridge. 1999. Anthropogenic degradation of the southern California desert ecosystem and prospects for natural recovery and restoration. Environmental Management 24(3):309- 326.

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Major, J. 1988. California climate in relation to vegetation. Chapter 2, pp. 11-74 in Barbour, M.G. and J. Major (eds.), Terrestrial Vegetation of California, new expanded edition 1988. Special Publication Number 9, California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, California. 1030 pp.

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Martinez-Berdeja, A., E. Ezcurra and M. Torres. 2015. Morphological variability in propagules of a desert annual as a function of rainfall patterns at different temporal and spatial scales. Functional Ecology 29:1260-1267. [Chorizanthe rigida, study site at OWSVRA but uses ABDSP weather data]

Mathew, K. and P.H. Raven. 1962. A new species of Cryptantha (section Circumscissae) from California and two recombinations (section Circumscissae and section Angustifoliae). Madroño 16(5):168-171. [Chromosome number for C. micrantha ssp. micrantha from Borrego Valley, p. 170]

Mathias. M.E. 1989. The fascinating history of the early botanical exploration and investigations in southern California. Aliso 12(3):407-433. [Includes accounts of: Thomas Coulter’s travels between San Felipe and Carrizo Creek in 1832 (p. 409); Bestor and the Emory Expedition in 1846 (Carrizo Creek – Vallecito Creek – San Felipe, p. 411); Parry (1851), San Felipe (p. 412); Woodhouse (Salton Sink to San Felipe and Santa Ysabel) in 1851 9p. 412); and Bolander (Cuyamaca Mountains and San Felipe Canyon) between 1864 and 1873 (p. 413)]

Mayer, M.S., A. Gromova, K. Hasenstab-Lehman, M. Lippitt, M. Barnett and J.P. Rebman. 2011. Is Cylindropuntia x fosbergii (Cactaceae) a hybrid? Madroño 58(2):106-112.

McClenaghan, L.R., Jr. and A.C. Beauchamp. 1986. Low genic differentiation among isolated populations of the California fan palm (Washingtonia filifera). Evolution 40(2):315-322.

McLaughlin, S.P. 1986. Floristic analysis of the southwestern United States. Great Basin Naturalist 46(1):46-65.

McVaugh, R. 1939. Some realignments in the genus Nemacladus. The American Midland Naturalist 22(3):521-550. [Nemacladus longiflorus var. breviflorus – Vallecito Canyon; Nemacladus gracilis – San Felipe Wash; Nemacladus rubescens – Palm Canyon, Borego Valley, Hellhole Canyon near Borego, Yaqui Well; Nemacladus rubescens var. tenuis – Borrego Springs, Borego Valley; Nemacladus glanduliferus – type locality: wagon wash near Sentenac Canyon – Borego Palm Canyon, Box Canyon, San Felipe Creek, Mountain Palm Spring, San Felipe Hill, Borego Valley]

McVaugh, R. 1941. A monograph on the genus Downingia. Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club 19(4):1-57. [Downingia concolor var. brevior – vicinity of Cuyamaca Lake, Cuyamaca Valley]

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Minnich, R.A. and R.G. Everett. 2001. Conifer tree distributions in southern California. Madroño 48(3):177-197. [Whale Peak, Pinyon Ridge]

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Munz, P.A. and I.M. Johnston. 1924. Miscellaneous notes on plants of southern California – III. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 51(7):295-302. [p. 300 Downingia concolor – margin of Cuyamaca Lake; in shallow water, Cuyamaca Valley]

Munz, P.A. 1928. Studies in Onagraceae I. A revision of the subgenus Chylismia of the genus Oenothera. American Journal of Botany 15(4):223-240. [Oenothera cardiophylla var. typica – Split Mt. Canyon; San Felipe Wash; Borregos Springs. O. clavaeformis var. aurantiaca – Yaqui Well. O. clavaeformis var. peirsonii – Coyote Canyon; east end of Santa Rosa Mts.; Borregos Springs; San Felipe Wash; Yaqui Wells]

Munz, P.A. 1928. Studies in Onagraceae. II. Revision of North American species of subgenus Sphaerostigma, genus Oenothera. Botanical Gazette 85(3):233-270. [Oenothera refracta – San Felipe Creek. O. chamaenerioides – San Felipe; Yaqui Well. O. decorticans var. condensata – Borregos Springs. O. hirta var. exfoliata – Coyote Canyon; San Felipe Valley]

Munz, P.A. 1931. Studies in Onagraceae VI. The subgenus Anogra of the genus Oenothera. American Journal of Botany 18(5):309-327. [O. deltoides var. typica – San Felipe, Borregos Springs, Cariso Creek; O. deltoides var. cineracea – Borrego Springs, Yaqui Wells]

Munz, P.A. 1932. Southern California plant notes – IV. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Science 31(2):61-70. [Delphinium parryi var. subglobosum – San Felipe, Montezuma Valley, Campbells; Echeveria lagunensis – type from dry, stony slopes, Campbell Ranch, Vallecito Valley, eastern San Diego County]

Munz, P.A. and D.D. Keck. 1959. A California Flora. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. 1681 pp.

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Nobel, P.S. and B.R. Zutta. 2005. Morphology, ecophysiology, and seedling establishment for Fouquieria splendens in the northwestern Sonoran Desert. Journal of Arid Environments 62:251-265.

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Orcutt, C.R. 1889. West American Scientist 6:23. [Washingtonia filifera near Borrego Springs]

Orcutt, C.R. 1890. Some notes on Echinocactus. West American Scientist 7(55):67-70. [p. 68 – E. cylindraceus “on the eastern slopes of the mountains bordering the Colorado Desert, in San Diego County.”]

Orcutt, C.R. 1891. California trees and flowers. West American Scientist 7(56):93-100. [P. 97 – “unofficial” publication (note) on discovery of Aster orcuttii]

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Pahua, V.J., P.J.N. Stokes, A.C. Hollowell, J.U. Regus, K.A. Gano-Cohen, C.E. Wendlandt, K.W. Quides, J.Y. Lyu, and J.L. Sachs. 2018. Fitness variation among host species and the paradox of ineffective rhizobia. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 31(4):599-610. [seeds of Acmispon strigosus collected from Anza- Borrrego Desert State Park]

Parish, S.B. 1893. Additions to the flora of southern California. Zoe 4(2):160-167. [p. 163 – Hoffmanseggia stricta, San Felipe; p. 164 – Downingia pulchella, Cuyamaca Mountains; Astephanus utahensis, San Felipe; p. 165 – Martynia altheaefolia, Vallecito]

Parish, S.B. 1894. Distribution of southern California trees. Zoe 4(4):332-353. [p. 341 – Dalea spinosa, Vallecito, Cariso; p. 342 – Acacia greggii, San Felipe; p. 350 – Pinus parryana, “near Larken’s Station”]

Parish, S.B. 1900. Contributions to southern California botany: I. Zoe 5(4-5):71-76. [P. 72 – Echinocactus cylindraceus – “the type … was collected in ‘rocky ravines, near San Felipe, on the eastern slope of the California mountains, by Dr. Parry.’” P. 73 – Opuntia parryi “eastern slope of the mountains near San Felipe”]

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Parry, C.C. 18--. West American Scientist 7: [Astragalus purshii var. coccineus]

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Pierce, W.M. and F.R. Fosberg. 1933. Notes on southwestern cacti. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 32(3):121-126. [Original description of Opuntia bigelovii var. hoffmannii Fosberg from “Cane Brakes” Canyon]

Pinkava, D.J. and B.D. Parfitt. 1982. Chromosome numbers in some cacti of western North America. IV. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 109(2):121-128.

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Pires, J.C., I.J. Maureira, J.P. Rebman, G.A. Salazar, L.I. Cabrera M.F. Fay, M.W. Chase. 2004. Molecular data confirm the phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic Hesperocallis (Hesperocallidaceae) with Agave. Madroño 51(3):307-311. [P. 308 – “Two accessions of Hesperocallis were used in this study that were collected at different localities from within the Anza-Borrego Desert State Park”]

Porter, J.M. and R.W. Patterson. 2015. A fistful of Polemoniaceae: new names and combinations. Aliso 32(2):55-88.

Pray, T.R. 1967. Notes on the distribution of some American Cheilanthoid ferns. American Fern Journal 57(2):52-58. [Cheilanthes parishii – Sentenac Canyon]

Raven, P.H., D.W. Kyhos, and A.J. Hill. 1965. Chromosome numbers of spermatophytes, mostly Californian. Aliso 6(1): 105-113.

Raven, P.H. 1988. The California flora. Chapter 4, pp. 109-137 in Barbour, M.G. and J. Major (eds.), Terrestrial Vegetation of California, new expanded edition 1988. Special Publication Number 9, California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, California. 1030 pp.

Rebman, J.P. and M.G. Simpson. 2014. Checklist of the Vascular Plants of San Diego County, 5th Edition. San Diego Natural History Museum and San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 132 pp.

Rebman, J.P. 2015. Seven new cacti (Cactaceae: Opuntioideae) from the Baja California region, Mexico. Madrono 62(1):46-67.

Regus, J.U., C.E. Wendlandt, R.M. Bantay, K.A. Gano-Cohen, N.J. Gleason, A.C. Hallowell, M.R. O’Neill, K.K. Shahin, and J.L. Sachs. 2017. Nitrogen deposition decreases the benefits of symbiosis in a native legume. Plant Soil 414:159-170.

Reiser, C.H. 2001. Rare Plants of San Diego County. Aquafir Press, San Diego, CA. Spiralbound, 244 pp.

Richardson, A.T. 1977. Monograph of the genus Tiquilia (Coldenia, sensu lato), Boraginaceae: Ehretioideae. Rhodora 79(820):467-572. [T. plicata – Table 3 (Chromosome counts), n=8, “1 mile north of hwy. 76 (sic), Ocotillo road to Borrego Springs]

Ritter, M. 2018. California Plants: A Guide to Our Iconic Flora. Pacific Street Publishing, San Luis Obispo, California. 321 pp. [pp. 234-261]

Rose, J.N. 1891. A new Aster from California. Botanical Gazette 16(4):113. [Aster orcuttii – “Cariso Creek Wash, Colorado Desert, California (where it is very abundant)”]

Rose, J.N. 1893. Descriptions of three new plants. Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 1(8):289-290. [Sphaeralcea orcuttii – original description, type locality listed as “Canso Creek, in the Colorado Desert, California.” Given the locality information and that the collector was C.R. Orcutt, this is a likely typo and was meant to be “Carriso.”]

Ross, L. B. 1937. Lost tree in a lonely land [Bursera microphylla]. Desert Magazine 1(1): 16-17, 24.

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Rominger, A.J. and C. Merow. 2017. meteR: an R package for testing the maximum entropy theory of ecology. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 8:241-247. [p. 245 – “The first data set comes from a 16 x 16 m survey of herbaceous plants in the Anza-Borrrego Reserve in southern California (Harte 2011).”]

Sanders, A.C. 1996. Noteworthy collections: Baileya multiradiata. Madroño 43(4):524-525.

Sanders, A.C. and D. Koutnik. 1997. Noteworthy collections: Euphorbia revoluta Engelm. (Euphorbiaceae). Madroño 44(2):205.

Sawyer, J.O. and T. Keeler-Wolf. 1995. A Manual of California Vegetation. California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, CA. Hardbound, 471 pp.

Schrenk, W.J. 2010. Ferocactus cylindraceus ssp tortulispinus in the Anza Borrego Desert. Cactus and Succulent Journal (U.S.) 82(1):28-30.

Schrenk, W.J. 2012. Die anderen sukkulenten sud-Kaliforniens. Avonia 30(1):64-75. [in German]

Seaman, F.C. and T.J. Mabry. 1979. Sesquiterpene lactone patterns in diploid and polyploid Ambrosia dumosa. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 7:7-12.

Shaw, R.J. 1962. The biosystematics of Scrophularia in western North America. Aliso 5(2):147-178. [Scrophularia californica ssp. floribunda – San Felipe Creek, Sentenac Canyon]

Shearer, G., D.H. Kohl, R.A. Virginia, B.A. Bryan, J.L. Skeeters, E.T. Nilsen, M.R. Sharifi, and P.W. Rundel. 15 1983. Estimates of N2-fixation from variation in the natural abundance of N in Sonoran Desert ecosystems. Oecologia 56(2/3):365-373.

Silverstein, R.P. 2005 Germination of native and exotic plant seeds dispersed by coyotes (Canis latrans) in southern California. Southwestern Naturalist 50(4):472-478. [Anza-Borrego Desert State Park – Washingtonia filifera]

Simpson, B.B. 1999. A revision of Hoffmannseggia (Fabaceae) in North America. Lundellia 2:14-54. [Hoffmannseggia glauca –“ in an alkaline area valley above Sentenac Canyon on the Julian-Kane Springs Hwy., 28 Mar 1939, R.S. Ferris 9741 (DS);” Hoffmannseggia microphylla – “Anza-Borrego State Park, Carrizo Badlands area, 2.3 mi E of Hwy. S2 in canyon, 200 m, 18 Mar 1986, S. McLaughlin & J.E. Bowers 3254 (ARIZ).”]

Simpson, M.G. and K.E. Hasenstab. 2009. Cryptantha of southern California. Crossosoma 35(1):1-59.

Simpson, M.G., M. Silveira and C.M. Guillams. 2010. Taxonomy of Calyptridium parryi (Montiaceae). Madroño 57(3):145-160.

Simpson, M.G., R.A. Dowdy, L.M. Simpson, J.P. Rebman and R.B. Kelley. 2014. Recognition of two species in Eremocarya (Boraginaceae): evidence from fornix bodies, nutlets, corolla size and biogeography. Madroῇo 61(3):259-275.

Simpson, M.G., L.M. Simpson and J.P. Rebman. 2016. A new, large-flowered variety of Eremocarya micrantha (Boraginaceae). Madroῇo 63(1):39-54. [MGS – “samples collected in Anza-Borrego” were used in this study]

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Simpson, M.G., C.M. Guilliams, K.E. Hasenstab-Lehman, M.E. Mabry, and L. Ripma. 2017. Phylogeny of the popcorn flowers: use of genome skimming to evaluate monophyly and interrelationships in subtribe Amsinckiinae (Boraginaceae). Taxon 66(6):1406-1420. [MGS – “samples collected in Anza-Borrego” were used in this study]

Smith, A.R. 1974. Taxonomic and cytological notes on ferns from California and Arizona. Madroño 22(7):376-378. [Cheilanthes X parishii, Sentenac Canyon]

South, M. 1939. Mescal roast. Desert Magazine 3(2):12.

Spellenberg, R. and S.R. Rodriguez Tijerina. 2001. Geographic variation and taxonomy of North American species of Mirabilis section Oxybaphoides (Nyctaginaceae). Sida 19(3):539-570. [M. laevis var. retrorsa – McCain Valley; 6 mi E of Banner on Hwy 78; E. end Santa Rosa Mts. M. laevis var. villosa – Vallecito Wash; Box Canyon. M. tenuiloba – Palm Canyon, Borego Valley; Borego Desert, canyon, toward the Palms; Borego Palm Canyon.]

Spolsky, A.M. 1978. A report on the status of the rare and endangered plants of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Unpublished report, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Borrego Springs, CA. 65 pp.

Spolsky, A.M. 1979. An overview of the plant communities of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Unpublished report, State of California, The Resources Agency, Department of Parks and Recreation, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Borrego Springs, CA. 131 pp.

Stark, L.R. and A.T. Whittemore. 1992. Additions to the bryoflora of southern California. The Bryologist 95(1):65-67. [Crossidium aberrans – Sentenac Canyon; Crossidium seriatum – Sentenac Canyon; Riccia cavernosa – Oriflamme Canyon]

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Stewart, J.M. 1993. Colorado Desert Wildflowers: A Guide to Flowering Plants of the Low Desert, Including the Coachella Valley, Anza-Borrego Desert, and Portions of Joshua Tree National Monument. Jon Stewart Photography, Palm Desert, CA. Softbound, 120 pp.

Strachan, J.L. 1982. A revision of the Salvia dorrii complex (Lamiaceae). Brittonia 34(2):151-169. [Salvia pachyphylla – “San Diego Co.: Mountain Spr. near Borrego, 6 Jun 1926, Stephens s.n. (SD)]

Taylor, N.P. 1985. The Genus Echinocereus. A Kew Magazine Monograph. Timber Press, Portland, OR. [Echinocereus engelmannii, p. 41]

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Thorne, R.F. 1982. The desert and other transmontane plant communities of southern California. Aliso 10(2):219-257.

Thorne, R.F. 1986. A historical sketch of the vegetation of the Mojave and Colorado Deserts of the American Southwest. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 73:642-651.

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Timbrook, S. 1986. Segregation of Loeseliastrum from Langloisia (Polemoniaceae). Madroño 33(3):157- 174.

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Tomb, A.S. 1974. Chromosome numbers and generic relationships in subtribe Stephanomeriinae (Compositae: Cichorieae). Brittonia 26(2):203-216. [Malacothrix californica – Borrego Springs]

Tratz, W.M. and R.J. Vogl. 1977. Postfire vegetational recovery, productivity, and herbivore utilization of a chaparral-desert ecotone. Pp. 426-430 in H.A. Mooney and C.E. Conrad (eds.), Proceedings of the Symposium on the Environmental Consequences of Fire and Fuel Management in Mediterranean Ecosystems. Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.

Turner, M.W. 1993. Systematic study of the genus Baileya (Asteraceae: Helenieae). SIDA – Contributions to Botany 15(3);491-508. [Bailey pauciradiata – Borrego Springs]

Turner, R.M., J.E. Bowers and T.L. Burgess. 1995. Sonoran Desert Plants: An Ecological Atlas. The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ. Hardbound, 504 pp.

Ulrich, L. and S. Lamb. 1994. Wildflowers of California. Companion Press, Santa Barbara, CA. Softbound, 136 pp.

Van Cleve, D.H., L.A. Comrack and H.A. Wier. 1989. Coyote Creek (San Diego County) management and restoration at Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Pp. 149-153 in Proceedings of the California Riparian Systems Conference, September 22-24, 1988, Davis, California. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PSW-110.

Vasek, F.C. and R.F. Thorne. 1988. Transmontane coniferous vegetation. Chapter 23, pp. 797-832 in Barbour, M.G. and J. Major (eds.), Terrestrial Vegetation of California, new expanded edition 1988. Special Publication Number 9, California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, California. 1030 pp.

Vasey, G. and J.N. Rose. 1891. Botanical Gazette 16:113. [Aster orcuttii]

Virginia, R.A. 1990. Desert Restoration: The Role of Woody Legumes, pp. 23-30 in Berger, J.J. ed. 1990. Environmental Restoration: Science and Strategies for Restoring the Earth. Island Press, Washington, D.C. – pp.

Virginia, R.A. and W.M. Jarrell. 1983. Soil properties in a Prosopis (mesquite) dominated Sonoran Desert ecosystem. Soil Science Society of America Journal 47:138-144.

Visco, F.J. and B. Capon. 1970. Pollination mechanisms in three species of Salvia native to southern California. Aliso 7(2):231-242. [Population of Salvia carduacea in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park – “flat terrain along Highway S2, 2-3 miles southwest of its junction with Highway 78”]

Vlassis, M. 1982. California’s spring wildflower finale: where, what, and why this was Anza-Borrego’s best show ever. Desert Magazine 45(1-7):54-65.

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Vogl, R.J. and L.T. McHargue. 1966. Vegetation of California fan palm oases on the San Andreas Fault. Ecology 47(4):532-540. [p. 537 – “Anza-Borrego region”]

Voss, J.W. 1937. A revision of the Phacelia crenulata group for North America (concluded). Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 64(3):133-144. [Phacelia pedicellata – Palm Creek, near Borego Springs; near Campbells, Vallecito Valley; Palm Canyon, Borego Valley. P. crenulata var. ambigua – Borrego Springs; San Felipe Creek. P. minutiflora – San Diego County, San Felipe Creek, Colorado Desert.]

Wainwright, C.M. 1978. The floral biology and pollination ecology of two desert lupines. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 105(1):24-38. [study sites at Henderson Canyon and Culp Valley]

Wainwright, C.M. 1978. Hymenopteran territoriality and its influences on the pollination ecology of Lupinus arizonicus. The Southwestern Naturalist 23(4):605-616. [Henderson Canyon]

Wallace, A. and R.H. Hevly, eds. 2007. From Texas to San Diego in 1851: The Overland Journal of Dr. S.W. Woodhouse, Surgeon-Naturalist of the Sitgreaves Expedition. Texas Tech University Press, Lubbock, Texas. 357 pp. [Pp. 170-173 and 285-286 – accounts and notes of travel between Carrizo Creek and San Felipe/Warner’s Ranch, including Palm Spring(s), Vallecito, and Box Canyon; mentions palm trees, St. Joseph’s staff (ocotillo), salt grass, arrow wood, mesquite, cacti and galleta grass]]

Wallace, C.S. and P.W. Rundel. 1979. Sexual dimorphism and resource allocation in male and female shrubs of Simmondsia chinensis. Oecologia 44:34-39.

Watson, T.J. 1977. The taxonomy of Xylorhiza (Asteraceae – Astereae). Brittonia 29(2):199-216. [X. orcuttii – Split Mountain Canyon, Fish Creek Mt., Carrizo, Palm Wash, E. of Carrizo Stage Station, 17 Palms, Borrego Valley]

Watson, T.J. 1978. Chromosome numbers in Xylorhiza Nuttall (Asteraceae – Astereae). Madroño 25(4):205-210. [Xylorhiza orcuttii]

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Wheeler, L.C. 1936. Revision of the Euphorbia polycarpa group of the southwestern United States and adjacent Mexico: a preliminary treatment (concluded). Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 63(8):429- 450. [Euphorbia micromera – San Diego Co.: San Felipe Valley. E. melanadenia – Palm Canyon, Borrego Valley; Box Canyon, Colorado Desert; Montezuma Valley near Warner’s Hot Springs; San Felipe; Vallecito Canyon, Laguna Mts. E. albomarginata – San Diego Co., San Felipe]

Wheeler, L.C. 1941. Euphorbia subgenus Chamaesyce in Canada and the United States exclusive of southern Florida. Rhodora 43(510):223-286. [Euphorbia arizonica – Palm Canyon, Borrego Valley; Euphorbia setiloba – San Diego Co.: sandy soil, upper end of San Felipe Wash;

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Yatskievych, G. and C.T. Mason, Jr. 1986. A revision of the Lennoaceae. Systematic Botany 11(4):531- 548.

Desert sand verbena (Abronia villosa) mouth of Coyote Canyon ABDSP – photo by Jim Dice

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Desert Gold (Geraea canescens), mouth of Coyote Canyon, ABDSP – photo by Jim Dice

Photo by Sicco Rood

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“The Anza Borrego must be sheer hell at the height of summer.”

– Athol Fugard, South African playwright, novelist, actor and director (1993).

Desert bighorn gathering at Borrego Palm Canyon pupfish pond – photo by Brittany Veater

MAMMALOGY Abbott, C.G. 1935. General notes: Bears in San Diego County, California. Journal of Mammalogy 16(2):149-151. [Cuyamaca Valley]

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Bertsch, H. 1985. Anza-Borrego Desert mammals: notes on their biology and evolutionary ecology. Environment Southwest 510:18-23.

Bevins, S.N., S. Carver, E.E. Boydston, L.M. Lyren, M. Alldredge, K.A. Logan, S.P.D. Riley, R.N. Fisher, T.W. Vickers, W. Boyce, M. Salman, M.R. Lappin, K.R. Crooks, and S. VandeWoude. 2012. Three pathogens in sympatric populations of pumas, bobcats, and domestic cats: implications for infectious disease transmission. PLoS ONE 7(2):e31403 1-10.

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Blong, B. 1967. Desert bighorn and people in the Santa Rosa Mountains. Transactions of the California- Nevada Section of The Wildlife Society 1967: 66-70.

Bond, S.I. 1969. Type specimens of mammals in the San Diego Natural History Museum. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 15(16):252-263.

Bond, S.I. 1977. An annotated list of the mammals of San Diego County, California. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 18(14):229-247.

Borjesson, D.L., W.M. Boyce, I.A. Gardner, J. DeForge, and B. Lasley. 1996. Pregnancy detection in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) using a fecal-based enzyme immunoassay. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 32(1):67-74.

Borjesson, D.L., M.M. Christopher, and W.M. Boyce. 2000. Biochemical and hematologic reference intervals for free-ranging desert bighorn sheep. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 36(2):294-300.

Bowyer, R.T. and V.C. Bleich. 1984. Distribution and taxonomic affinities of mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus, from Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. California Fish an Game 70:53-57.

Boyce, W.M., P.W. Hedrick, N.E. Muggli-Cockett, S. Kalinowski, M.C.T. Penedo and R.R. Ramey II. 1996. Genetic variation of major histocompatibility complex and microsatellite loci: a comparison in bighorn sheep. Genetics 145:421-433.

Boyce, W.M., R.R. Ramey II, T.C. Rodwell, E.S. Rubin and R.S. Singer. 1999. Population subdivision among desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) ewes revealed by mitochondrial DNA analysis. Molecular Ecology 8:99-106.

Boyce, W.M., C.S. O’Brien and E.S. Rubin. 2003. Response of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) to feral honey bees (Apis mellifera) at water. The Southwestern Naturalist 48(1):81-84.

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Browning, B.M. and G. Monson. 1980. Food. Chapter 6, pp. 80-99 in Monson, G. and L. Sumner (eds.), The Desert Bighorn: It’s Life History, Ecology & Management. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona. 370 pp.

Buchalski, M.R., A.Y. Navarro, W.M. Boyce, T.W. Vickers, M.W. Tobler, L.A. Nordstrom, J.A. Garcia, D.A. Gille, M.C.T. Penedo, O.A Ryder, and H.B. Ernest. 2015. Genetic population structure of Peninsular bighorn sheep (Ovis Canadensis nelsonii) indicates substantial gene flow across US-Mexico border. Biological Conservation 184:218-228.

Buchalski, M.R., B.N. Sacks, D.A. Gille, M.C.T. Penedo, H.B. Ernest, S.A. Morrison, and W.M. Boyce. 2016. Phylogeographic and population genetic structure of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) in North American deserts. Journal of Mammalogy 97(3):823-838. DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyw011.

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California Department of Fish and Wildlife. 2014. Peninsular Bighorn Sheep 2013 Annual Report. 16 pp. Report prepared by Janene Colby and Randy Botta. “This report presents information on the status, distribution, and management of peninsular bighorn sheep in eastern San Diego County and portions of Riverside and Imperial Counties, California.”

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Clark, R.K., C.A. Whetstone, A.E. Castro, M.C. Jorgensen, J.F. Jensen and D.A. Jessup. 1993. Restriction endonuclease analysis of herpes viruses isolated from two Peninsular bighorn sheep (Ovis Canadensis cremnobates). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 29(1):50-56.

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Colby, J. and R. Botta. 2016. Peninsular Bighorn Sheep 2015 Annual Report. 24 pp. “This report presents information on the status, distribution, and management of peninsular bighorn sheep in eastern San Diego County and portions of Riverside and Imperial Counties for 2015.” California Department of Fish and Wildlife, South Coast Region.

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Colby, J. and R. Botta. 2017. Peninsular Bighorn Sheep 2016-17 Annual Report. 29 pp. “This report presents information on the status, distribution, and management of peninsular bighorn sheep from 1 January 2016 to 31 May 2017.” California Department of Fish and Wildlife, South Coast Region.

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Ernest, H.B., T.W. Vickers, S.A. Morrison, M.R. Buchalski and W.M. Boyce. 2014. Fractured genetic connectivity threatens a southern California puma (Puma concolor) population. PloS One 9(10): e107985. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0107985 17 pages.

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Huey, L.M. 1938. A new form of Perognathus formosus from the Mohave Desert region of California. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 9(8):35-36. [Perognathus formosus mesembrinus – The Narrows, San Felipe Canyon, San Felipe Narrows]

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Ostermann-Kelm, S.D., E.S. Rubin, J.D. Groom, J.R. DeForge, G. Wagner, P. Sorensen, S.G. Torres, M.C. Jorgensen, A.J. Bayard, and O. Ryder. 2005. Head to head: flawed model has serious conservation implications: response to Turner et al. Wildlife Society Bulletin 33(4):1456-1464.

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Trail camera photo of mountain lions (Puma concolor), ABDSP – photo courtesy of Steve Bier

Coyote (Canis latrans) on Coyote Mountain, ABDSP- photo by Sicco Rood

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Fox sparrow (Passerella iliaca) at Tamarisk Grove – photo by Bob Theriault

ORNITHOLOGY/AVIAN ECOLOGY

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Shepherd, T.M. and K.J. Burns. 2007. Intraspecific genetic analysis of the summer tanager Piranga rubra: implications for species limits and conservation. Journal of Avian Biology 38:13-27. [San Felipe Creek, Anza-Borrego Desert]

Stephens, F. 1919. An annotated list of the birds of San Diego County, California. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 3(2):142-180.

Theriault, R. 2014. Least Bell’s vireo population survey and cowbird trapping report, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, 2013. California State Parks, Colorado Desert District, Borrego Springs, California. 19 pp.

Theriault, R. 2014. Least Bell’s vireo population survey and cowbird trapping report, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, 2014. California State Parks, Colorado Desert District, Borrego Springs, California. 19 pp.

United States Fish and Wildlife Service. 1998. Draft Recovery Plan for the Least Bell’s Vireo (Vireo bellii pusillus). Region 1, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon. 139 pp. [Anza-Borrego Desert metapopulation; Alder Canyon; Borrego Palm Canyon; Campbell Grade; Canebrake Canyon; Carrizo Creek; Carrizo Marsh; Cougar Canyon; Coyote Creek; Culp Valley; Hellhole Canyon; Horse Canyon; Indian Canyon; San Felipe Creek; Sentenac Canyon; Sheep Canyon; Tamarisk Grove; Vallecito Creek; Yaqui Well]

Unitt, P. 1984. The Birds of San Diego County. Memoir 13, San Diego Society of Natural History. Hardbound, 276 pp.

Unitt, P. 2000. Gray vireos wintering in California elephant trees. Western Birds 31:258-262.

Unitt, P. 2004. San Diego County Bird Atlas. Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History No. 39: 1-645.

Wells, J. M. and B.E. Kus. 2001. Least Bell’s Vireo Surveys and Nest Monitoring at Anza-Borrego Desert State Park in 2000. U.S.G.S. Western Ecological Research Center, San Diego, CA. 42 pages.

Wells, S., R.A. Bradley, and L.F. Baptista. 1978. Hybridization in Calypte hummingbirds. The Auk 95(3): 537-549.

Wier, H. A. and B.L. Jones. 1986 (revised and resubmitted 1987). A Survey of the Birds of Riparian Habitats – Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, San Diego County, California – with Emphasis on the Least Bell’s Vireo and Brown-headed Cowbird. WESTEC Services, Inc., San Diego, CA. 43 pages plus maps.

Williams, B.R. and A.M. Houtman. 2008. Song of Costa’s hummingbird (Calypte costae). The Auk 125(3):663-669.

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Long-eared Owl (Asio otus) – photo by Bob Theriault

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Leopard lizard (Gambelia wislizenii) – photo by Abbyann Sisk

HERPETOLOGY

Barrows, C.W., H. Esparza Gadsden, M. Fisher, C. Garcia-De La Pena, G. Castaneda and H. Lopez- Corrujedo. 2013. Patterns of lizard species richness within National Parks and Biosphere Reserves across North America’s deserts. Journal of Arid Environments 95:41-48. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.03.012

Barrows, C.W. and M. Fisher. 2014. Past, present and future distributions of a local assemblage of congeneric lizards in southern California. Biological Conservation 180(2014):97-107.

Bezy, R.L. 1988. The natural history of the night lizards, family Xantusiidae. Pp. 1-12 in De Lisle, H.F., P.R. Brown, B. Kaufman, and B.M. McGurty (eds.). 1988. Proceedings of the Conference on California Herpetology. Southwestern Herpetologists Society, Special Publication No. 4, Sunlight Press, Lakeside, CA. Softbound, 143 pp.

Brattstrom, B.H. and R.C. Schwenkmeyer. 1951. Notes on the natural history of the worm snake, Leptotyphlops humilis. Herpetologica 7(4):193-196. [Sentenac Canyon, Yaqui Well, The Narrows]

Brattstrom, B.H. 1953. Notes on a population of leaf-nosed snakes Phyllorhynchus decurtatus perkinsi. Herpetologica 9(2):57-64.

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Bryson, R.W. Jr., J.R. Jaeger, J.A. Lemos-Espinal, and D. Lazcano. 2012. A multilocus perspective on the speciation history of a North American aridland toad (Anaxyrus punctatus). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 64:393-400.

Cornett, J.W. 2003. Desert Snakes. Nature Trails Press, Palm Springs, CA. Softbound, 71 pp.

Cornett, J.W. 2006. Desert Lizards. Nature Trails Press, Palm Springs, CA. Softbound, 68 pp.

Cowan, E. 1972. Haven for tortoises and pupfish. Desert Magazine 35(3):31-33.

Cross, J.K. 1970. The shovel-nosed snake (Chionactis occipitalis) in Baja California. Herpetologica 26(1):134-140.

Devitt, T.J. 2006. Phylogeography of the western lyre snake (Trimorphodon biscutatus): testing aridland biogeographical hypotheses across the Nearctic-Neotropical transition. Molecular Ecology 15:4387-4407. [Trimorphodon biscutatus lyrophanes – Sentenac Canyon, Borrego Springs]

Dial, B.E., P.J. Weldon, and B. Curtis. 1989. Chemosensory identification of snake predators (Phyllorhynchus decurtatus) by banded geckos (Coleonyx variegatus). Journal of Herpetology 23(3):224- 229.

Dial, B.E. and L.L. Grismer. 1994. Phylogeny and physiology: evolution of lizards in the genus Coleonyx. Pp. 239-254 in Brown, P.R. and J.W. Wright (eds.). 1994. Herpetology of the North American Deserts: Proceedings of a Symposium. Southwestern Herpetologists Society, Special Publication Number 5. Serpent’s Tale Books, Excelsior, MN. Softbound, 311 pp.

Douglas, M.E., M.R. Douglas, G.W. Schuett, and L.W. Porras. 2006. Evolution of rattlesnakes (Viperidae; Crotalus) in the warm deserts of western North America shaped by Neogene vicariance and Quaternary climate change. Molecular Ecology 15: 3353-3374.

Dugan, E.A. and W.K. Hayes. 2012. Diet and feeding ecology of the red diamond rattlesnake, Crotalus ruber (Serpentes: Viperidae). Herpetologica 68(2):203-217.

Ervin, E.L. and R.N. Fisher. 2003. Habitat assessment and surveys for the Arroyo Toad (Bufo californicus) in Cuyamaca Rancho State Park, and Lucky 5 Ranch in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, 2003. Final Report (unpublished). U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center technical report prepared for California State Parks.

Ervin, E.L., K.R. Beaman, and R.N. Fisher. 2013. Correction of locality records for the endangered arroyo toad (Anaxyrus californicus) from the desert region of southern California. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 112(3):197-205.

Foreman, L.D. (ed.) 1997. Flat-tailed horned lizard rangewide management strategy. Flat-tailed Horned Lizard Working Group, Interagency Coordinating Committee. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, California Desert District, Riverside, California. 106 pp.

Fritts, T.H., H.L. Snell, and R.L. Martin. 1982. Anarbylus switaki Murphy: an addition to the herpetofauna of the United States with comments on relationships with Coleonyx. Journal of Herpetology 16(1):39-52.

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Gottscho, A.D., S.B. Marks and W.B. Jennings. 2014. Speciation,population structure, and demographic history of the Mojave Fringe-Toed Lizard (Uma scoparia), a species of conservation concern. Ecology and Evolution 4(12):2546-2562.

Grinnell, J. and C.L. Camp. 1917. A distributional list of the reptiles and amphibians of California. University of California Publications in Zoology 17(10):127-208. [P. 142 – Bufo boreas halophilus, “Vallecito and La Puerta, San Diego County”; p. 144 – Bufo punctatus, “Colorado Desert, west to Vallecito, San Diego County, and Carrizo Creek”; p. 145 – Hyla arenicolor, “Northwest from Julian, La Puerta, and Mountain Spring, in eastern San Diego County”; p. 150 – Coleonyx variegatus, “La Puerta Valley, San Diego County”; p. 154 – Uta mearnsi, “La Puerta, San Diego County”; p. 163 – Sceloporus magister, “La Puerta, San Diego County”; p. 170 – Anniella pulchra pulchra, “La Puerta Valley in eastern San Diego County”; p. 176 – Leptotyphlops humilus, “Vallecito, San Diego County”; p. 182 – Sonora occipitalis, “Carrizo Creek and La Puerta Valley, in eastern San Diego County”; p. 193 – Arizona elegans, “Vallecito’]

Grismer, L.L. and M.A. Galvan. 1986. A new night lizard (Xantusia henshawi) from a sandstone habitat in San Diego County, California. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 21(10):155- 165.

Grismer, L.L. and D.E. Edwards. 1988. Notes on the natural history of the barefoot banded gecko , Coleonyx switaki (Squamata: Eublepharidae). Pp. 43-50 in De Lisle, H.F., P.R. Brown, B. Kaufman, and B.M. McGurty (eds.). 1988. Proceedings of the Conference on California Herpetology. Southwestern Herpetologists Society, Special Publication No. 4, Sunlight Press, Lakeside, CA. Softbound, 143 pp.

Grismer, L.L. and J.R. Ottley. 1988. A preliminary analysis of geographic variation in Coleonyx switaki (Squamata:Eublepharidae) with a description of an insular subspecies. Herpetologica 44(2):143-154.

Grismer, L.L. 1990. Coleonyx switaki (Murphy), barefoot banded gecko. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 464:1-2. [… from Borrego Springs, San Diego County, California south to Santa Rosalia, …]

Hayes, M.P. and D.M. Krempels. 1986. Vocal sac variation among frogs of the genus Rana from western North America. Copeia 1986(4):927-936. [Rana aurora – Sentenac Canyon]

Hunt, L.E. 2006. Anniella pulchra Gray, California legless lizard. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 850:1-14. [p. 4 – “western Anza Borrego State Park.”

Jaeger, J.R., B.R. Riddle and D.F. Bradford. 2005. Cryptic Neogene vicariance and Quaternary dispersal of the red-spotted toad (Bufo punctatus): insights on the evolution of North American warm desert biotas. Molecular Ecology 14:3033-3048. [Borrego Palm Canyon, Agua Caliente Springs, and Dos Cabezas Spring, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park]

Jennings, M.R. and M.P. Hayes. 1994. Decline of native Ranid frogs in the desert southwest. Pp. 183- 211 in Brown, P.R. and J.W. Wright (eds.). 1994. Herpetology of the North American Deserts: Proceedings of a Symposium. Southwestern Herpetologists Society, Special Publication Number 5. Serpent’s Tale Books, Excelsior, MN. Softbound, 311 pp.

Jones, L.L.C. and R.E. Lovich, eds. 2009. Lizards of the American Southwest: A Photographic Field Guide. Rio Nuevo Publishers, Tucson, Arizona. 567 pp.

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Kingsbury, B.A. 1989. Factors influencing acativity in Coleonyx variegatus. Journal of Herpetology 23(4):399-404.

Klauber, L.M. 1931. A new subspecies of the California boa, with notes on the genus Lichanura. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 6(20):305-318. [Lichanura roseofusca roseofusca – Culp Valley, San Felipe, Sentenac Canyon, The Narrows, La Puerta, Dos Cabezas]

Klauber, L.M. 1931. Notes on the worm snakes of the Southwest, with descriptions of two new subspecies. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 6(23):333-352. [Leptotyphlops humilis cahuilae – type from Yaqui Well; Sentenac Canyon, San Felipe Wash, The Narrows, Agua Caliente Spring (near Vallecito)]

Klauber, L.M. 1931. A new species of Xantusia from Arizona, with a synopsis of the genus. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 7(1):1-16. [Xantusia henshawi – Borego Palm Canyon, Grapevine Spring, La Puerta (Mason Valley)]

Klauber, L.M. 1932. Notes on the silvery footless lizard, Anniella pulchra. Copeia 1932(1):4-6. [Culp Valley, La Puerta (Vallecito), Sentenac Canyon, San Felipe Wash, The Narrows]

Klauber, L.M. 1936. Crotalus mitchellii, the speckled rattlesnake. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 8(19):149-184. [Crotalus mitchellii pyrrhus – Coyote Canyon, Collins Valley, Culp Valley, Borego Palm Canyon, Tubbs’ Spring, San Felipe Valley, Sentenac Canyon, La Puerta (Mason Valley), Grapevine Spring, Yaqui Well, The Narrows, Vallecito, Carrizo Gorge, Dos Cabezas]

Klauber, L.M. 1936. A key to the rattlesnakes with summary of characteristics. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 8(20):185-276.

Klauber, L.M. 1939. Studies or reptile life in the arid Southwest. Bulletin of the Zoological Society of San Diego 14:1-100.

Klauber, L.M. 1940. The worm snakes of the genus Leptotyphlops in the United States and northern Mexico. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 9(18):87-162.

Klauber, L.M. 1940. The lyre snakes (genus Trimorphodon) of the United States . Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 9(19):163-194.

Klauber, L.M. 1940. Two new subspecies of Phyllorhynchus, the leaf-nosed snake, with notes on the genus. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 9(20):195-214.

Klauber, L.M. 1941. The long-nosed snakes of the genus Rhinocheilus. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 9(29):289-332.

Klauber, L.M. 1943. A desert subspecies of the snake Tantilla eiseni. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 10(5):71-74.

Klauber, L.M. 1944. The sidewinder, Crotalus cerastes, with description of a new subspecies. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 10(8):91-126.

Klauber, L.M. 1945. The geckos of the genus Coleonyx with descriptions of new subspecies. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 10(11):133-216.

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Klauber, L.M. 1946. The glossy snake, Arizona, with descriptions of new subspecies. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 10(17):311-398.

Klauber, L.M. 1951. The shovel-nosed snake, Chionactis, with descriptions of two new subspecies. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 11(9):141-204.

Klauber, L.M. 1956. Rattlesnakes: Their Habits, Life Histories, and Influence on Mankind. 2 volumes. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Hardbound, 1,476 pp.

Krekorian, C.O. 1977. Homing in the desert iguana, Dipsosaurus dorsalis. Herpetologica 33(1):123-127.

Lancaster, J.R., P. Wilson, and R.E. Espinoza. 2006. Physiological benefits as precursors of sociality: why banded geckos band. Animal Behaviour 72(1):199-207. [p. 200 – “during the Lower Pliocene, the vegetation of the Anza Borrego Desert …” p. 201 – “Two adult leaf-nosed snakes … were collected in Borrego Springs …”]

Leavitt, D.H., R.L. Bezy, K.A. Crandall and J.W. Sites. 2007. Multi-locus DNA sequence data reveal a history of deep cryptic vicariance and habitat-driven convergence in the desert night lizard Xantusia vigilis species complex (Squamata:Xantusiidae). Molecular Ecology 16:4455-4481. Doi: 10.1111/j.1365- 294X.2007.03496.x

Lemm, J. 2006. Field Guide to Amphibians and Reptiles of the San Diego Region. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Softbound, 344 pp.

Lovich, J.E. and K.R. Beaman. 2007. A history of Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum cinctum) records from California with comments on factors affecting their distribution. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 106(2):39-58. [p. 54 – “a late Irvingtonian fossil of Heloderma sp. is known from Anza-Borrego Desert State Park]

Lovich, R. 2001. Phylogeography of the Night Lizard, Xantusia henshawii, in southern California: evolution across fault zones. Herpetologica 57(4):470-487.

Mahrdt, C.R., K.R. Beaman, P.C. Rosen, and P.A. Holm. 2001. Chionactis occipitalis (Hallowell), western shovel-nosed snake. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 731:1-12. [ … from Borrego Springs, San Diego County, California …]

Mahrdt, C.R., J.A. McGuire, and K.R. Beaman. 2010. Gambelia copeii (Yarrow), Cope’s leopard lizard. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 871:1-8. [… SW of Mason Valley (western Borrego Desert) …]

McCleary, R.J.R. and R.W. McDiarmid. 1993. Phyllorhynchus decurtatus (Cope), spotted leaf-nosed snake. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 580:1-7. [Borrego Desert; Lower Borrego Valley]

McGuire, J.A. 1996. Phylogenetic systematics of Crotaphytid lizards (Reptilia: Iguania: Crotaphytidae). Bulletin of Carnegie Museum jof Natural History, Number 32:1-

McGurty, B.M., and D.W. Ruth. 1978. Reptile, Amphibian and Fish Survey of the San Felipe Creek and San Sebastian Marsh Areas, Imperial and San Diego Counties, California. BLM Contract CA-060~CT8- 000039. 45 pp. U.S. Bureau of Land Management; Riverside, California. [Check this]

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Mulcahy, D.G., A.W. Spaulding, J.R. Mendelson III, and E.D. Brodie Jr. 2006. Phylogeography of the flat- tailed horned lizard (Phrynosoma mcallii) and systematics of the P. mcallii-platyrhinos mtDNA complex. Molecular Ecology 15: 1807-1826.

Orange, D.I., B.R. Riddle, and D.C. Nickle. 1999. Phylogeography of a wide-ranging desert lizard, Gambelia wislizenii (Crotaphytidae). Copeia 1999(2):267-273. [p. 267 – G. corona, known from a single Pliocene fossil from Anza-Borrego, California]

Ruibal, R. 1959. The ecology of a brackish water population of Rana pipiens. Copeia 1959(4):315-322. [Sentenac Canyon, San Felipe Creek, Carrizo Creek]

Shaw, C.E. 1945. The chuckwallas, genus Sauromalus. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 10(15):269-306. [S. obesus obesus – Mason Valley, Box Canyon, Sentenac Canyon, Yaqui Well, San Felipe Wash, The Narrows, Tubbs Canyon, Coyote Canyon, Borrego Mountain]

Shaw, C.E. 1952. Notes on the eggs and young of some United States and Mexican lizards, I. Herpetologica 8(3):71-79. [Sauromalus obesus obesus – Borrego Desert; Sceloporus orcutti orcutti – Sentenac Canyon; Sceloporus magister magister – Scissor’s Crossing; Urosaurus graciosus – Borrego Valley, Borrego Mountain; Urosaurus microscutatus – Borrego Palm Canyon; Uta stansburiana stejnegeri – The Narrows.]

Sinclair, E.A., R.L. Bezy, K. Bolles, J.L. Camarillo R., K.A. Crandall and J.W. Sites, Jr. 2004. Testing species boundaries in an ancient species complex with deep phylogeographic history: genus Xantusia (Squamata:Xantusiidae). The American Naturalist 164(3):396-414.

Sloan, A.J. 1964. Amphibians of San Diego County: A Non-Technical Guide. Occasional Papers of the San Diego Society of Natural History 13. 42 pp.

Sloan, A.J. 1965. Holotype specimens of reptiles in the collection of the San Diego Society of Natural History. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 14(1):1-8.

Smith, H.M. 1933. On the relationships of the lizards Coleonyx brevis and Coleonyx variegatus. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 36:301-314. [Coleonyx variegatus – Beatty’s, Borego Valley, Carrizo, La Puerta Valley (Vallecito), The Narrows, San Felipe Valley, Sentenac Canyon, Yaqui Well]

Smith, N.M. and W.W. Tanner. 1972. Two new subspecies of Crotaphytus (Sauria: Iguanidae). The Great Basin Naturalist 32(1):25-34. [Crotaphytus insularis vestigium – Palm Canyon, Pinon Mt., Sentenac Canyon]

Spiteri, D.E. 1988. The geographic variability of the species Lichanura trivirgata and a description of a new subspecies. Pp. 113-130 in De Lisle, H.F., P.R. Brown, B. Kaufman, and B.M. McGurty (eds.). 1988. Proceedings of the Conference on California Herpetology. Southwestern Herpetologists Society, Special Publication No. 4, Sunlight Press, Lakeside, CA. Softbound, 143 pp.

Stebbins, R.C. 2003. A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, 3rd ed. The Peterson Field Guide Series, sponsored by The National Wildlife Federation and the Roger Tory Peterson Institute. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. Softbound, 533 pp.

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Stephens, F. 1921. An annotated list of the amphibians and reptiles of San Diego County, California. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 3(4):59-69. ???

Tanner, W.W. 1966. A re-evaluation of the genus Tantilla in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Herpetologica 22(2):134-152. [Tantilla planiceps transmontana – La Puerta (Mason Valley), Borrego Junction, Sentenac Canyon, Sentenac Bridge, The Narrows, Yaqui Well]

Trepanier, T.L. and R.W. Murphy. 2001. The Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard (Uma inornata): genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of an endangered species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 18(3):327-334. [samples of U. notata from “Anza-Borrego, San Diego County, CA”]

Turner, F.B. and P.A. Medica. 1982. The distribution and abundance of the flat-tailed horned lizard (Phrynosoma mcallii). Copeia 1982(4):815-823.

Warburton, M.L., R.N. Fisher, and S.A. Hathaway. 2004. 2000–2002 Anza-Borrego Desert State Park amphibian survey. U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, San Diego Field Station, San Diego, California. Prepared for California State Parks, 39 pp.

Wiens, J.J. 1993. Phylogenetic systematics of the tree lizards (genus Urosaurus). Herpetologica 49(4):399-420. [U. graciosus – San Diego Co.: Borrego Desert. U. microscutatus – San Diego Co.: Anza Borrego State Park, S. Fork Alder Canyon; Anza Borrego State Park, Carrizo Gorge]

Wood, D.A., R.N. Fisher, and T.W. Reeder. 2008. Novel patterns of historical isolation, dispersal, and secondary contact across Baja California in the rosy boa (Lichanura trivirgata). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46(2):484-502. [Sentenac Canyon, The Narrows]

Wood, D.A., J.M. Meik, A.T. Holycross, R.N. Fisher, and A.G. Vandergast. 2008. Molecular and phenotypic diversity in Chionactis occipitalis (western shovel-nosed snake), with emphasis on the status of C. o. klauberi (Tucson shovel-nosed snake). Conservation Genetics 9(6):1489-1507.

Wood, D.A., R.N. Fisher and A.G. Vandergast. 2014. Fuzzy boundaries: color and gene flow patterns among parapatric lineages of the western shovel-nosed snake and taxonomic implication. PLoS ONE 9(5): e97494. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0097494

Flat-tailed horned lizard – photo by Steve Bier

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Red diamond rattlesnake (Crotalus ruber) at Pena Springs, ABDSP – photo by Sicco Rood

ICHTHYOLOGY

Black, G. 1978. The status of the desert pupfish, Cyprinodon macularius, at the Salton Sea, California. Pp. 31-32 in Pister, E.P. (ed.), A Summary of the Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Symposium of the Desert Fishes Council. Desert Fishes Council, Bishop California, and University of Nevada, Las Vegas. 74 pp.

Black, G.F. 1980. Status of the desert pupfish, Cyprinodon macularis (Baird and Girard), in California. State of California, The Resources Agency, Department of Fish and Game, Inland Fisheries Endangered Species Program, Sacramento, California. Special Publication 80-1. 35 pp.

Black, G. 1980. The status of the desert pupfish, Cyprinodon macularius, at the Salton Sea, California. Pp. 31-32 in E.P. Pister (ed.), A Summary of the Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Symposium, Desert Fishes Council, Bishop, California. 80 pp.

Black, G. 1981. Transplant of Desert Pupfish from San Felipe Creek to Palm Canyon Refugium, Anza Borrego Desert State Park. Memorandum dated September 25, 1981. 2 pp. California Department of Fish and Game.

Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 1986. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; determination of endangered status and critical habitat for the desert pupfish. 50 CFR Part 17. Federal Register 51(61):10842-10851.

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Dunham, J.B. 1992. Evolutionary genetics of natural and refugia populations of desert pupfish Cyprinodon macularius. Proceedings of the Desert Fishes Council 24:29-30. [check this]

Dunham, J. B. and W. L. Minckley. 1998. Allozymic variation in desert pupfish from natural and artificial habitats: genetic conservation in fluctuating populations. Biological Conservation 84(1): 7-15.

Koike, H., A.A. Echelle, D. Loftis, and R.A. Van Den Bussche. 2008. Microsatellite DNA analysis of success in conserving genetic diversity after 33 years of refuge management for the desert pupfish complex. Animal Conservation 11:321-329.

Marsh, P.C., and D.W. Sada. 1993. Desert Pupfish, Cyprinodon macularius, Recovery Plan. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Albuquerque, New Mexico. 67 pp.

Martin, B.A. and M.K. Saiki. 2005. Relation of desert pupfish abundance to selected environmental variables in natural and manmade habitats in the Salton Sea basin. Environmental Biology of Fishes 73:97-107. [p. 97 – “transplanted stocks of pupfish also inhabit ponds at Palm Canyon, the Anza- Borrego Desert State Park]

Minckley, W.L. 1983. Status of the razorback sucker, Xyrauchen texanus (Abbott), in the lower Colorado River basin. The Southwestern Naturalist 28(2):165-187.

Schoenherr, A.A. 1988. A review of the life history and status of the desert pupfish, Cyprinodon macularius. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 87(3):104-134.

Turner, B.J. 1984. Evolutionary genetics of artificial refugium populations of an endangered species, the desert pupfish. Copeia 1984(2):364-369.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2010. Desert pupfish (Cyprinodon macularius) 5-year review: summary and evaluation. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Arizona Ecological Services Office, Phoenix, Arizona. 42 pp.

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Larva of Desert Orangetip butterfly (Anthocaris cethura) - photo by Dave Wagner

ENTOMOLOGY/ARACHNOLOGY/NEMATOLOGY/CARCINOLOGY

Aalbu, R.L., A.D. Smith, and F. Sanchez Piñero. 2015. A revision of Craniotus LeConte (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Pimeliinae: Asidini) with descriptions of new insular species from Mexico and notes on distribution and biology. The Coleopterists Society Monograph Number 14:93-100. [p. 96, 98 – C. pubescens – Anza Borrego narrows, Oyster Cyn, Borrego Valley, La Puerta, Mason Valley, Yaqui Flat, Coyote”]

Anderson, W.W., J. Arnold, D.G. Baldwin, A.T. Beckenbach, C.J. Brown, S.H. Bryant, J.A. Coyne, L.G. Harshman, W.B. Heed, D.E. Jeffery, L.B. Klaczko, B.C. Moore, J.M. Porter, J.R. Powell, T. Prout, S.W. Schaeffer, J.C. Stephens, C.E. Taylor, M.E. Turner, G.O. Williams, And J.A. Moore. 1991. Four decades of inversion polymorphism in Drosophila pseudoobscura. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 88: 10,367-10,371.

Andrews, F.G. 1976. A revision of the North American species of Metophthalmus (Coleoptera: Lathridiidae. The Coleopterists Bulletin 30(1):37-56. [p. 44 – Metophthalmus trux, San Diego Co.: Borrego, Palm Canyon; p. 50 – Metophthalmus haigi, San Diego Co.: Borrego Palm Cyn. and Sheep Cyn.; p. 53 – M. rudis, San Diego Co.: Borrego, Palm Canyon, Sheep Canyon]

Baker, N.W. 1971. Observations on the biology of the giant palm-boring beetle, Dinapate wrighti Horn (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 79(1):31-42. [pp. 38-39, Badlands of Borrego Desert State Park and canyons opening into Borrego Valley]

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Pratt, G. 1998. Butterflies of Anza-Borrego State Park. Friends of the Entomology Research Museum Newsletter 2:1-2.

Pyle, R.M. 2010. Mariposa Road: The First Butterfly Big Year. Houghton, Mifflin, Harcourt Publishing Company, New York, New York. 558 pp. [Anza-Borrego, Tamarisk Grove, Yaqui “Wells”, Plum Canyon, Sentenac Birding Trail, Pacific Crest Trail, San Felipe Wash – pp. 38-39]

Ragsdale, E.J., M. Mundo-Ocampo, D.J. Bumbarger, J.G. Baldwin. 2011. Cervidellus sonorensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Cephalobidae) from the desert of Anza-Borrego, CA, USA. Nematology 13(5):607-617.

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Reed, L.K., M. Nyboer, and T.A. Markow. 2007. Evoutionary relationships of Drosophila mojavensis geographic host races and their sister species Drosophila arizonae. Molecular Ecology 16(5):1007-1022.

Reese, E.M. and A.P. Swanson. 2017. A review of the cactophilic Carcinops (Coleoptera:Histeridae) of the Sonoran Desert region, with descriptions of six new species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 71(1):159- 190.

Reiner, D.J., M. Allion, J.H. Thomas, and B.J. Meyer. 2008. C. elegans anaplastic lymphoma kinase ortholog SCD-2 controls dauer formation by modulating TGF-β signaling. Current Biology 18:1101-1109. [Caenorhabditis elegans – “in this study, we describe a wild C. elegans strain, isolated from … a palm oasis in the Anza Borrego desert in southern California, … which is dauer defective and carries a mutation …]

Richmond, M.P., S. Johnson, and T.A. Markow. 2012. Evolution of reproductive morphology among recently diverged taxa in the Drosophila mojavensis species cluster. Ecology and Evolution 2(2):397-408.

Richmond, M.P., S. Johnson, T.S. Haselkorn, M. Lam, L.K. Reed, and T.A. Markow. 2013. Genetic differentiation of island populations: geographical barrier or a host switch? Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 108:68-78.

Rowland, J.M. 1972. Origins and distribution of two species groups of Schizomida, (Arachnida). Southwestern Naturalist 17(2): 153-160. [p. 156 and 159 -- Trithyreus borregoensis]

Rowland, J.M. 1972. A new species of Schizomida (Arachnida) from California. Occasional Papers of the Museum Texas Tech University No. 5:1-9. [p. 5 discussion of Trithyreus borregoensis and p. 8 key including T. borregoensis]

Rowland, J.M. and J.R. Reddell. 1979. The Order Schizomida (Arachnida) in the New World. I. Protoschizomidae and dumitrescoae group (Schizomidae: Schizomus). Journal of Arachnology 6:161- 196. [new combination – Schizomus borregoensis, p. 163]

Rowland, J.M. and J.R. Reddell. 1981. The order Schizomida (Arachnida) in the New World. IV. goodnightorum and briggsi groups and unplaced species (Schizomidae: Schizomus). Journal of Arachnology 9:19-46. [pp. 28, 32-34 – Schizomus borregoensis “known only from the type locality. Borrego Palm Canyon”.]

Sassaman, C., M.A. Simovich, and M. Fugate. 1997. Reproductive isolation and genetic differentiation in North American species of Triops (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Notostraca). Hydrobiologia 359:125-147.

Schaeffer, S.W. 2008. Selection in heterogeneous environments maintains the gene arrangement polymorphism of Drosophila pseudoobscura. Evolution 62(12):3082-3099.

Schmidt J.O. and G.C. Snelling. 2009. Pogonomyrmex anzensis Cole: does an unusual harvester ant species have an unusual venom? Journal of Hymenoptera Research 18(2):322-325. [Split Mountain/Fish Creek]

Schuh, R.T. 1986. Merinocapsus froeschneri, a new species of Phyline Miridae from western North America, with notes on the genus (Heteroptera). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 94(2):217-225.

Schuh, R.T. 1989. Review of Daleapidea Knight (Heteroptera: Miradae: Orthotylinae: Orthotylini). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 97(2): 159-166.

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Schuh, R.T. and M.D. Schwartz. 2005. Review of North American Chlamydatus Curtis species, with new synonymy and the description of two new species (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae). American Museum Novitates 3471:1-55.

Schuh, R.T. 2006. Revision, phylogenetic, biogeographic, and host analyses of the endemic western North American Phymatopsallus group, with the description of 9 new genera and 15 new species (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylinae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, Number 301:115 pp. [p. 84, Phymatopsallus rinconae – Carrizo Creek and Elephant Tree Trail, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park; p. 88, Phymatopsallus tuberculatus – Palm Canyon Trail, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park]

Schwartz, M.D. 2011. Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the North American genus Slaterocoris Wagner with new synonymy, the description of five new species and a new genus from Mexico, and a review of the genus Scalponotatus Kelton (Heteroptera: Miradae: Orthotylinae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History Number 354, 290 pp.

Scott, J.A. and M.S. Fisher. 2008. Geographic variation and new taxa of western North American butterflies, especially from Colorado. Papilio (New Series) 18:1-68. [p. 5 – Anthocharis sara sara X thoosa or new ssp? Scissors Crossing Anza-Borrego Desert State Park]

Shear, W.A. and J. Gruber. 1983. The opilionid subfamily Ortholasmatinae (Opiliones, Troguloidea, Nemastomatidae). American Museum Novitates 2757:1-65, figs. 1-210, tables 1-27, maps 1-3. [p. 38- 42, original description of Ortholasma setulipes with type locality of “Borrego Palm Canyon, Anza- Borrego Desert State Park”]

Shear, W.A. and J. Gruber. 1987. Ortholasma setulipes Shear and Gruber is a synonym of Ortholasma coronadense Cockerell. Journal of Arachnology 15(1):134-135. [“type specimens from Borrego Palm Canyon, San Diego County, deposited in AMNH”]

Shields, O. 1973. Studies on North American Philotes (Lycaenidae). II. The biology, distribution, and taxonomy of Philotes sonorensis (F. & F.). Bulletin of the Allyn Museum 15:1-16. [Sentenac Canyon, Scissors Crossing, San Felipe Creek, Grapevine Mts., Vallecito Mts., Dudleya saxosa ssp. aloides – larval food plant]

Simovich, M.A. and M. Fugate. 1992. Branchiopod diversity in San Diego County, California, USA. Transactions of the Western Section of The Wildlife Society 28:6-14. [Clark Dry Lake, Blair Valley, Mortero Wash]

Simovich, M.A., K.B. Davis, and A.J. Bohonak. 2013. Landscape homogenization threatens the genetic integrity of the endangered San Diego fairy shrimp Branchinecta sandiegonensis (Branchiopoda: Anostraca). Journal of Crustacean Biology 33(5):730-740. DOI 10.1163/1937240X-00002164. [Borrego Springs – dirt road DiGorgio (sic) Road]

Snelling, R.R., G.C. Snelling, J.O. Schmidt, and S.P. Cover. 2009. The sexual castes of Pogonomyrmex anzensis Cole (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 18(2):315-321.

Soleglad, M.E., V. Fet, and G. Lowe. 2011. Contributions to scorpion systematics. IV. Observations on the Hadrurus “spadix” subgroup with a description of a new species (Scorpiones: Caraboctonidae). Euscorpius – Occasional Papers in Scorpiology 112:1-36.

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Spassky, B. and T. Dobzhansky. 1967. Responses of various strains of Drosophila pseudoobscura and Drosophila persimilis to light and gravity. The American Naturalist 101(917):59-63.

Sperry, G.H. 1940. A new noctuid from the desert region of southern California. The Canadian Entomologist 72(7):147-148. [Schinia jaegeri – type locality “Split Mountain Canyon San Diego County”; “This moth is found resting in the blossoms of Aster [Xylorhiza] orcuttii …”]

Stout, T.L. 2018. A review of three species-level taxa of the Anthocharis sara complex (Lepidoptera: Pieridae: Pierinae: Anthocharidini). Insecta Mundi 0615:1-38.

Stratton, G.E., R.B. Suter, and P.R. Miller. 2004. Evolution of water surface locomotion by spiders: a comparative approach. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 81:63-78.

Swengel, A.B. ed. 2002. NABA Butterfly Counts 2001 Report. North American Butterfly Association, Morristown, NJ. 100 pp.

Swengel, A.B. and P.A. Opler. eds. 1998. NABA Butterfly Counts 1997 Report. North American Butterfly Association, Morristown, NJ. 70 pp.

Swengel, A.B. and P.A. Opler. eds. 1999. NABA Butterfly Counts 1998 Report. North American Butterfly Association, Morristown, NJ. 74 pp.

Swengel, A.B. and P.A. Opler. eds. 2000. NABA Butterfly Counts 1999 Report. North American Butterfly Association, Morristown, NJ. 82 pp.

Swengel, A.B. and P.A. Opler. eds. 2001. NABA Butterfly Counts 2000 Report. North American Butterfly Association, Morristown, NJ. 90 pp.

Swengel, A.B. and S.R. eds. 2003. NABA Butterfly Counts 2002 Report. North American Butterfly Association, Morristown, NJ. 96 pp.

Swengel, A.B. and S.R. eds. 2004. NABA Butterfly Counts 2003 Report. North American Butterfly Association, Morristown, NJ. 100 pp.

Swengel, A.B. and S.R. eds. 2005. NABA Butterfly Counts 2004 Report. North American Butterfly Association, Morristown, NJ. 96 pp.

Taber, S.W. 1990. Cladistic phylogeny of the North American species complexes of Pogonomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 83(3):307-316.

Thorp, R.W. and W.E. LaBerge. 2005. A revision of the bees of the genus Andrena of the western hemisphere part XV. Subgenus Hesperandrena. Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin 37(2):65-93. [Andrena lativentris and A. baeriae – Cuyamaca Lake]

Tinkham, E.R. 1975. Studies in Nearctic desert sand dune Orthoptera, part XV. Eremogeography of Spaniacris with bioecological notes. Great Basin Naturalist 35(1):113-120. [p. 114, discussion of collections in Borrego Springs area in 1973-74

Triplehorn, C.A. and K.W. Brown. 1971. A synopsis of the species of Asidina in the United States with description of a new species from Arizona (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 25(3):73-86. [Asidina parallela – Mason Valley, Palm Canyon, Scissors Crossing, Sentenac Canyon]

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Ubick, D. and T.S. Briggs. 2008. The harvestman family Phalangodidae. 6. Revision of the Sitalcina complex (Opiliones: Laniatores). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences ser. 4, 59(1):1-108.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2003. Recovery Plan for the Quino Checkerspot Butterfly (Euphydryas editha quino). Portland, Oregon. 179 pp.

Van Duzee, E.P. 1914. A preliminary list of the Hemiptera of San Diego County, California. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 2(1):1-60. [Scolopsella reticulata – La Puerta Valley]

Wainwright, C.M. 1978. Hymenopteran territoriality and its influences on the pollination ecology of Lupinus arizonicus. The Southwestern Naturalist 23(4):605-616. [Henderson Canyon]

Wander, S. ed. 2006. NABA Butterfly Counts 2005 Report. North American Butterfly Association, Morristown, NJ. 102 pp.

Wander, S. ed. 2007. NABA Butterfly Counts 2006 Report. North American Butterfly Association, Morristown, NJ. 102 pp.

Waser, N.M. 1998. Task-matching and short-term size shifts in foragers of the harvester ant, Messor pergandei (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of Insect Behavior 11(3):451-462. [Table 1, p.454: Site 1. Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, San Diego County, CA]

Willett, G. 1929. Description of two new land shells from southern California. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 28(2):17-19. [Original description of Micrarionta reedi – type specimen collected under rocks in Palm Canyon, Borrego Valley].

Willett, G. 1937. Micrariontas of the southwestern Colorado Desert. The Nautilus 50(4):122-125.

Wilson, E.C. and G.L. Kennedy. 1967. Type specimens of recent invertebrates (except Arachnida and Insecta) in the San Diego Natural History Museum. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 14(19):237-280.

Wilson, J.S. and J.P. Pitts. 2008. Revision of velvet ant genus Dilophotopsis Schuster (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) by using molecular and morphological data, with implications for desert biogeography. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 101(3): 514-524.

Wright, W.S. 1930. An annotated list of the butterflies of San Diego County, California. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 6(1);1-40.

Wygodzinsky, P. 1972. A review of the silverfish (Lepismatidae, Thysanura) of the United States and the Caribbean area. American Museum Novitates No. 2481:1-26.

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MICROBIOLOGY Chang, F-Y and S.F. Brady. 2013. Discovery of indolotryptoline antiproliferative agents by homology- guided metagenomic screening. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) 110(7):2478- 2483. [“For this study, a cosmid library containing more than 10 million unique members was constructed using eDNA extracted from Anza-Borrego Desert soil.” – borregomycin A (an indolotryptoline antiproliferative agent with CaMKIIδ kinase inhibitory activity; borregomycins B-D (dihydroxyindolocarbazole anticancer/antibiotics]

Chang, F-Y, M.A. Ternei, P.Y. Calle, and S.F. Brady. 2013. Discovery and synthetic refactoring of tryptophan dimer gene clusters from the environment. Journal of the American Chemical Society 135(47):1-17. [“The three eDNA megalibraries, each consisting of over 10,000,000 unique cosmid clones, were constructed previously from the soil samples collected from the Anza-Borrego desert of California (AB), the Sonoran desert of Arizona (AR) and the Chihuahuan desert of New Mexico (NM), using published methods”] de Castro, A.P., G. da R. Fernandes, and O.L. Franco. 2014. Insights into novel antimicrobial compounds and antibiotic resistance genes from soil metagenomes. Frontiers in Microbiology 5(489):1-9. [pp. 6-7 – “Additionally, soil DNA isolated from the Anza-Borrego Desert in California was used to select an indolotryptoline-base for a biosynthetic gene cluster, encoding borregomycins (Figure 2; Chang and Brady, 2013). A similar approach was also applied to an antitumor substance BE-54017, also from an indolotryptoline gene cluster (Chang and Brady, 2011). Borregomycins may be yielded from a branched tryptophan dimer biosynthetic metabolic pathway, in which one branch generates borregomycin A, an indolotryptoline antiproliferative agent with the capability to inhibit kinase, and a second branch leading to borregomycins B–D (2–4),which are dihydroxyindolocarbazole agents with anticancer and bactericidal activities. Moreover, BorR clusters were cloned in Stryptomyces albus and borregomycins were produced and functionally characterized, clearly showing the complete viability of the metagenome for antibiotic screenings.”]

Kang, H-S. and S.F. Brady. 2014. Mining soil metagenomes to better understand the evolution of natural product structural diversity: pentangular polyphenols as a case study. Journal of the American Chemical Society 136:18111−18119. [p. 18113 – “In this phylogenetic analysis we identified two sequence tags of interest (KSβ tag AB1692 and KSα tag AB1414) from our Anza Borrego Desert (AB) eDNA library.]

Loganathachetti, D.S. and S. Muthuraman. 2015. Biomedical potential of natural products derived through metagenomics approaches. RSC Advances 5:101200-101213. [“… Borregomycins are indolotryptoline compounds rarely present in natural sources (Fig. 4). 14 Bor gene cluster (type II PKS) identified from Anza-Borrego desert soil library 15 produced four major anti-proliferative compounds namely borregomycin A–D.

Reddy, B.V.B., D. Kallifidas, J.H. Kim, Z. Charlop-Powers, Z. Feng, and S.F. Brady. 2012. Natural product biosynthetic gene diversity in geographically distinct soil microbiomes. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78(10):3744-3752. [“Topsoil, including cryptobiotic crust was collected from … the Anza- Borrego section of the Sonoran Desert of California”]

Wilson, M.C. and J. Piel. 2013. Metagenomic approaches for exploiting uncultivated bacteria as a resource for novel biosynthetic enzymology. Chemistry & Biology 20:636-647. [P. 640 – “ … two clones from a multimillion member metagenomics library constructed from a soil sample collected in the Anza Borrego desert of Southern California.”]

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CONSERVATION BIOLOGY Cheatham, N.H., L. Hood, and W.J. Barry. 1988. Research Natural Areas and related programs in California. Chapter 3, pp. 75-108 in Barbour, M.G. and J. Major (eds.), Terrestrial Vegetation of California, new expanded edition 1988. Special Publication Number 9, California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, California. 1030 pp.

Howard, J.K., K.A. Fesenmyer, T.E. Grantham, J.H. Viers, P.R. Ode, P.B. Moyle, S.J. Kupferburg, J.L. Furnish, A. Rehn, J. Slusark, R.D. Mazor, N.R. Santos, R.A. Peek, and A.N. Wright. 2018. A freshwater conservation blueprint for California: prioritizing watersheds for freshwater biodiversity. Freshwater Science 37(2):000-000. DOI 10.1086/697996.

Oberbauer, T.A. 2017. Conservation. Pp. 11-12 in Tremor, S., D. Stokes, W. Spencer, J. Diffendorfer, H. Thomas, S. Chivers, and P. Unitt (eds.), San Diego County Mammal Atlas, Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History 46:1:432.

Van Cleve, D. 2014. Striving to complete the vital land acquisition of Lucky 5. Desert Update No. 77: 1, 4-5.

Vandergast, A.G., A.J. Bohonak, S.A. Hathaway, J. Boys, and R.N. Fisher. 2008. Are hotspots of evolutionary potential adequately protected in southern California? Biological Conservation 141:1648- 1664.

White, M.D., J.A. Stallcup, K. Comer, M.A. Vargas, J.M. Beltran-Abaunza, F. Ochoa, and S. Morrison. 2006. Designing and establishing conservation areas in the Baja California-Southern California border region. Chapter VII, pp. 191-224 in Hoffman, K. (ed.), The US Mexican Border Environment: Transboundary Ecosystem Management. Southwest Consortium for Environmental Research and Policy Monograph Series 15.

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Deer at Sentenac Cienega – Photo by Bob Theriault

RESTORATION ECOLOGY

Helix Environmental Planning, Inc. 2016. Ocotillo Wind Energy Facility: Year 1 Monitoring Report for the Off-Site Mitigation at Carrizo Marsh, September 26, 2016. Helix Environmental Planning, Inc., La Mesa, CA. 24 pp. + 9 figures and appendices (123 pp.)

Helix Environmental Planning, Inc. 2017. Ocotillo Wind Energy Facility: Year 2 Monitoring Report for the Off-Site Mitigation at Carrizo Marsh, September 22, 2017. Helix Environmental Planning, Inc., La Mesa, CA. 28 pp. + 10 figures, 2 graphs, and appendices (186 pp.)

Helix Environmental Planning, Inc. 2018. Ocotillo Wind Energy Facility: Year 3 Monitoring Report for the Off-Site Mitigation at Carrizo Marsh, September 21, 2018. Helix Environmental Planning, Inc., La Mesa, CA. 28 pp. + 10 figures, appendices (132 pp.)

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NATURAL HISTORY

Brainerd F.B.T. 1982. Desert Watch: or A Bird, Beast, Bloom or Bug for All Seasons. Self-published, Borrego Springs, CA. Spiral-bound, 168 pp.

Cockerell, T.D.A. 1945. The Colorado Desert of California: its origin and biota. Transactions Kansas Academy of Science 48(1):1-39.

Cornett, J.W. 1997. The Sonoran Desert: A Brief Natural History. Palm Springs Desert Museum, Palm Springs, CA. Softbound, 31 pp.

MacKinnon, E. 2015. Anza-Borrego’s formidable desert: implausible richness. Desert Update, No. 81:1 and 3.

Orcutt, C.R. 1903. The Colorado Desert. West American Scientist 15(128): 38-48. [discussions on history, geography, geology, paleontology, ethnology, botany, hydrology, etc.]

Phillips, S.J. and P.W. Comus, eds. 2000. A Natural History of the Sonoran Desert. Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum, Tucson, AZ. Softbound, 628 pp.

Schepe, S.G. 1985. A Naturalist’s View: Observations of Some of the Creatures and Plants of the Anza- Borrego Desert and Other Desert Regions. Galeria Press, Borrego Springs, CA. Spiral-bound, 93 pp.

Schoenherr, A. A. 1992. A Natural History of California. 1st Edition. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Hardbound, 772 pp.

Schoenherr, A. A. 2017. A Natural History of California. 2nd Edition. University of California Press, Oakland, CA. Softbound, 618 pp.

Steinhart, P. 1990. California’s Wild Heritage: Threatened and Endangered Animals in the Golden State. California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento, CA; California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA; Sierra Club Books, San Francisco, CA. Softbound, 108 pp.

GEOGRAPHY Hulet, G.K. and A.R. Charles. 1999. Colorado Desert, pp. 128-129 in Mares, M.A. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Deserts. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma. 654 pp.

Orcutt, C.R. 1903. The Colorado Desert. West American Scientist 15(128): 38-48. [discussions on history, geography, geology, paleontology, ethnology, botany, hydrology, etc.]

Pryde, P.R. 2014. San Diego: An Introduction to the Region. Fifth Edition. Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 323 pp.

Tchakerian, V.P 1999. Badlands, pp. 61-62 in Mares, M.A. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Deserts. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma. 654 pp.

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WILDFIRE

Blodgett, N., D.A. Stow, J. Franklin and A.S. Hope. 2010. Effect of fire weather, fuel age and topography on patterns of remnant vegetation following a large fire event in southern California, USA. International Journal of Wildland Fire 19:415-426. [Cedar Fire 2003, see pp. 416-417 – “Study Area” and Fig.1]

Brooks, M., T. Dudley, G. Drus, and J. Matchett. 2008. Reducing wildfire risk by integration of prescribed burning and biocontrol of invasive tamarisk (Tamarix spp.). Final Report for Joint Fire Science Project 05-2-1-18. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, El Portal, California. 40 pp. [p. 3, Anza-Borrego State Park]

Holzapfel, C. and K.A. Moloney. 2015. Understanding and combating the fire-enhancing impact of non- native annuals in desert scrub through the tools of population and landscape ecology. Final Report, Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), U.S. Department of Defense, Alexandria, Virginia. 69 pp.

Kolden, C.A. and T.J. Weigel. 2007. Fire risk in San Diego County, California: a weighted Bayesian model approach. The California Geographer 47:42-60.

Minnich, R.A. and Y.H. Chou. 1997. Wildland fire patch dynamics in the chaparral of southern California and northern Baja California. International Journal of Wildland Fire 7(3):221-248.

Riggan, P.J., R.G. Tissell, and J.W. Hoffman. 20--. Application of the FireMapper TM thermal-imaging radiometer for wildfire suppression. IEEE AC paper #1523. 10 pp. [Pines Fire (3 August 2002), San Felipe Valley, Ranchita, Borrego Palm Canyon]

Safford, H.D. and K.M. Van de Water. 2014. Using fire return interval departure (FRID) analysis to map spatial and temporal changes in fire frequency on national forest lands in California. U.S. Department of Agriculture – Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Albany, California, Research Paper PSW-RP-266. 59 pp.

Wells, M.L. and D.E. McKinsey. 1993. The spatial and temporal distribution of lightning strikes in San Diego County, Calif. Pp. 768-777 in Proceedings GIS/LIS International Conference Volume 2. American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

Wells, M.L. and D.E. McKinsey. 1995. Lightning strikes and natural fire regimes in San Diego County, California. Pp. 193-194 in Weise, D.R. and R.E. Martin (technical coordinators), The Biswell Symposium: Fire Issues and Solutions in Urban Interface and Wildland Ecosystems: February 15-17, 1994, Walnut Creek, California. General Technical Report PSW-GTR-158, Albany, CA; Pacific Southwest Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; 199 pp.

Wells, M.L., J.F. O’Leary, J. Franklin, J. Michaelsen, and D.E. McKinsey. 2004. Variations in a regional fire regime related to vegetation type in San Diego County, California (USA). Landscape Ecology 19:139-152.

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“At the recent meeting of the State Park Commission held in Eureka under date of September 27, recognition was officially taken of your original gift contribution of land to the Borrego Desert State Park. Furthermore, recognition was also taken of the fact that aside from your personal generous gifts it was largely through your effort that other gifts were made, thus bringing into being what is considered today to be one of the finest parks in the entire State Park System, viz., Borrego Desert State Park.” – October 1945 letter from A.E. Hennings, Chief of the Division of Beaches and Parks in the Department of Natural Resources of the State of California to George White Marston

HISTORY Anon. 1941. 253,000 acres allotted to Anza Desert State Park. Desert Magazine 4(10):18.

Anon. 1981. Alphonse A. Burnand, Borrego Valley philanthropist and developer, dies at 85. San Diego Union, December 7, 1981. Pages A-3 and A-12.

Anon. 1981. Alphonse A. Burnand, Jr. Borrego Sun, December 17, 1981. Page unknown.

Bean, L. and H. Lawton. 1965. The Cahuilla Indians of Southern California. Malki Museum Press, Banning, CA. 2nd Revised Printing, January 1981. Softbound, 12 pp.

Bean, L.J., S. Brakke Vane, and J. Young. 1991. The Cahuilla Landscape: The Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains. Ballena Press Anthropological Papers No. 37. Ballena Press, Menlo Park, CA. Softbound, 116 pp.

Beidleman, R.G. 2006. California’s Frontier Naturalists. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. 484 pp. [Pp. 128, 190-91, 204, 207, 210-211, 224-25, 232, 249-50, 287, 297 – San Felipe, Vallecito, Carrizo]

Bell, J.G. and J.E. Haley. 1932. A log of the Texas-California cattle trail. 1854. II. Southwestern Historical Quarterly 35(4):290-316. [p. 300; list of watering places with distances; “Ballecita, San Felipe, and Warner’s Rancho]

Bell, J.G. and J.E. Haley. 1932. A log of the Texas-California cattle trail. 1854. III. Southwestern Historical Quarterly 36(1):47-66. [pp. 58-59; “encamped at the Balleceta {Vallecito}”, “Cane Creek,” Warner’s Rancho]

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Bigler, D.L. and W. Bagley (eds.). 2000. Army of Israel: Mormon Battalion Narratives. The Arthur H. Clark Company, Spokane, Washington. 492 pp. [Pp. 167-168, Box Canyon, Vallecito, Carrizo, Palm Spring – mention of “Palmetto or Cabbage trees”]

Bolton, H.E. 1930. Anza’s California Expeditions: Opening a Land Route to California; Diaries of Anza, Díaz, Garcés, and Palóu. Volume 2. Regents of the University of California. 2017 Reproduction by Forgotten Books & Company, Ltd., London.

Bolton, H.E. 1930. Anza’s California Expeditions: Font’s Complete Diary of the Second Anza Expedition; Translated from the Original Spanish Manuscript. Volume 4. Regents of the University of California. 2017 Reproduction by Forgotten Books & Company, Ltd., London.

Brigandi, P. 1995. The livestock industry on the Anza-Borrego Desert. Report prepared for Anza- Borrego Desert State Park.

Brigandi, P. 1997. A place called Borego: homesteader days in the Borrego Valley. The Journal of San Diego History 43(1):

Brigandi, P. 2001. Borrego Beginnings: Early Days in the Borrego Valley, 1910-1960. Anza-Borrego Desert Natural History Association, Borrego Springs, CA. Softbound, 150 pp.

Brigandi, P. 2006. Randall Henderson and the rise and fall of Desert Magazine. Los Angeles Corral No. 246: 1-8.

Bullard, A.D. 1994. Charles Russell Orcutt, pioneer naturalist. The Journal of San Diego History 40 (1&2): 40-51.

Byers, E. 2001. Land trust news: Anza-Borrego Foundation receives award. On Saving Land: A Newsletter for California Land Trusts 10(1):6. [Sentenac Canyon and Cienega acquisition, 1421 acres]

Carrico, R. 2008. Strangers in a Stolen Land: Indians of San Diego County from Prehistory to the New Deal. 2nd Edition. Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, CA. 211 pp.

Caughey, J.W. 1959. California in third dimension. Pacific Historical Review 28(2):111-129.

Cline, L.L. 1979. The Kwaaymii: reflections on a lost culture. Occasional Paper No. 5, Imperial Valley College Museum Society, El Centro, CA. Softbound, 130 pp.

Coulter, T. 1835. Notes on upper California. Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London 5:59- 70. [Contains brief discussion of Coulter’s 1832 trip across what is now ABDSP, including San Felipe and Carrizo]

Coville, F.V. 1895. The botanical explorations of Thomas Coulter in Mexico and California. Botanical Gazette 20(12):519-531.

Davis, E.H. 1940. Forgotten tragedy of Carriso Creek. Desert Magazine. 3(8):15-17, 29.

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Depew, D.J. 2018. Richard Lewontin and the Argument from Ethos. Poroi 13(2):article 4 (33 pp.) DOI 10.13008/2151-2957.1273 [p. 18 details visit to Anza-Borrego with Dobzhansky]

Dilsaver, L.M. 2008. Not of national significance: failed National Park proposals in California. California History 85(2):4-23. [p. 7, Borrego Palm Canyon 1933]

Etter, P.A. (ed.). 1986. An American Odyssey: The Autobiography of a 19th-Century Scotsman, Robert Brownlee, at the Request of his Children, Napa County, California, October 1982. The University of Arkansas Press, Fayettesville, Arkansas. 240 pp. [pp. 90-92, 100-101]

Evarts, B. 1985. The founding fellows of Anza-Borrego. Environment Southwest 510:6-11.

Ewan, J. 1970. Opportunities in botanical history. Taxon 19(6):825-830. [“Warner’s ranch was a sort of corral where field naturalists refreshed and outfitted before setting off into the Borrego and the parched desert below.”]

Garate, D.T. 2009. Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail. Western National Parks Association. 15 pp.

Golder, F.A. 1928. The March of the Mormon Battalion: From Council Bluffs to California. [2000 reprint, Brohan Press, Waterbury, Connecticut] 295 pp. [pp. 202-204, crossing of present-day ABDSP]

Greene, E.L. 1880. Botanizing on the Colorado Desert. I. The American Naturalist 14(11):787-793. [Account of a trip from San Diego to Yuma in February 1877. Descriptions of lots of desert plants, but little to no locality information – though he clearly went through the southern portion of ABDSP. Part I is from San Diego to Coyote Wells. Part II appeared in American Naturalist 15(1) and covers the remainder of the trip from Coyote Wells to Yuma.

Guerrero, V. 2006. The Anza Trail and the Settling of California. Heyday, Berkeley, CA. 223 pp.

Harvey, H.R. 1967. Population of the Cahuilla Indians: decline and its causes. Eugenics Quarterly 14(3):185-198.

Henderson, R. 1939. Where Anza blazed the first trail. Desert Magazine 2(6):18-23.

Henderson, R. 1941. Just between you and me. Desert Magazine 4(9):50.

Hennessey, G.R. 1999. Deserts, politics, and culture: the creation of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Southern California Quarterly 81(2):247-277.

Hudson, R.F. (ed.) 1971. Desert Hours with Chief Patencio: As Told to Kate Collins by Chief Francisco Patencio. Palm Springs Desert Museum, Palm Springs, CA. Softbound, 38 pp.

Innis, J.S. 2004. San Diego Legends: The Events, People, and Places That Made History. Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, CA. Softbound, 260 pp.

Ives, R.L. 1975. Retracing Fages’ route from San Gabriel to Yuma, April 1782. Arizona and the West 17(2):141-160.

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James, H.C. 1960. The Cahuilla Indians. Malki Museum Press, Morongo Indian Reservation, CA. Softbound, 185 pp.

Jensen, D. and P.A. Hoffman. 2014. From Mormon Battalion member to Civil War soldier: the military service of Henry Wells Jackson. Mormon Historical Studies 15(1):85-111.

Jones, S. 2016. The day I went on a field trip with Theodosius Dobzhansky. The Guardian, Life and Style, Sunday, March 20, 2016. 3 pp.

Kenyon, W.L. 1956. Exploring Anza’s unknown canyon. Desert Magazine 19(9):4-6. [report on discovery and exploration of Sandstone Canyon by former Superintendent of the Southern California District]

Lewontin, R.C., D. Paul, J. Beatty, and C.B. Krimbas. 2001. Interview of R.C. Lewontin. Chapter Two, pp. 22-61 in Singh, R.S., C.B. Krimbas, D.B. Paul and J. Beatty (eds.), Thinking About Evolution: Historical, Philosophical, and Political Perspectives – Volume II. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 606 pp. [p. 30 recounts trip with Dobzhansky and others up Borrego Palm Canyon]

Lightner, J (ed). 2014. Parry’s California Notebooks, 1849-51, with Letters to John Torrey – Charles Christopher Parry (1823-1890). San Diego Flora, San Diego, California. Hardbound, 170 pp.

Lindsay, D.L. 1973. Our Historic Desert: The Story of the Anza-Borrego Desert, the Largest State Park in the United States of America. Copley Books, Union-Tribune Publishing Company, San Diego, California. Hardbound, 150 pp.

Lindsay, D. 1973. The creation of the Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. The Journal of San Diego History 19(4):14-26. [Assembling the Park, 1927-48]

Lindsay, D. ed. 2005. Marshal South and the Ghost Mountain Chronicles: An Experiment in Primative Living. Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, CA. Softbound, 321 pp.

Luckman, C. 1988. Twice In a Lifetime:from Soap to Skyscrapers. W.W. Norton & Company, New York, New York. 416 pp. [Lucky 5 Ranch pp. 165-166, 189, 215, 321]

Lynch, M.G. 1996. Rangers of California’s State Parks: Over 125 Years of Park Protection and Service. M. G. Lynch, Auburn, CA. Hardbound, 71 pp.

Macha, G.P. 2016. Historic Aircraft Wrecks of San Diego County. The History Press, Charleston, South Carolina. 152 pp. [Pp. 39-43 – mid-air collision of two USN Douglas TBD-1 Devastators (12 Jan 1940); p. 55 – crash of Grumman F4F Wildcat (13 Feb 1942); “Clark Dry Lake in the Anza-Borrego Desert”; p. 60 – crash of Lockheed P-38 Lightning (15 Feb 1944); p. 89 – crash of USN Lockheed TV-2 “over Anza Borrego State Park (22 Sept 1958); pp. 99-100 – crash of USMC Douglas A-4C Skyhawk at Pinyon Ridge area of Anza Borrego State Park (5 Jun 1963); pp. 100-102 – crash of USN Douglas A-4A Skyhawk on Sunset Mountain Anza Borrego State Park (17 Apr 1968); pp. 104-105 – crash of USN Vought F-8J Crusader near Mine Wash (2 Nov 1968); pp. 105-107 – mid-air collision between USN Vought F-8J Crusader and USMC McDonnell DouglasF-4B Phantom over Ghost Mountain (22 Nov 1969); pp. 109-110 – crash of PSA YS- 11A twin-engine turboprop passenger plane eight miles east of Borrrego Springs (5 Mar 1974);

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Marrs, B. 2006. History of fossil collecting in the Anza-Borrego Desert region. Chapter 1, pp. 1-23, in Jefferson, G.T. and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert: The Last Seven Million Years. California State Parks, The Anza-Borrego Foundation and Institute, and Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, California. 394 pp.

Marston, M.G. 1956. George White Marston: A Famiy Chronicle. Volumes I and II. The Ward Ritchie Press, Los Angeles, California. 351 + 349 pp. [Vol. II, Chapter 32, pp. 134-139, photograph p. 119, “Borrego Desert Park”]

Mathes, V.S. and P. Brigandi. 2009. Charles C. Painter, Helen Hunt Jackson and the Mission Indians of southern California. Journal of San Diego History 55(3):89-118. [p.115 reference to Kumeyaay villages near Sentenac Cienega and in upper San Felipe Valley].

Mathias. M.E. 1989. The fascinating history of the early botanical exploration and investigations in southern California. Aliso 12(3):407-433. [Includes accounts of: Thomas Coulter’s travels between San Felipe and Carrizo Creek in 1832 (p. 409); Bestor and the Emory Expedition in 1846 (Carrizo Creek – Vallecito Creek – San Felipe, p. 411); Parry (1851), San Felipe (p. 412); Woodhouse (Salton Sink to San Felipe and Santa Ysabel) in 1851 9p. 412); and Bolander (Cuyamaca Mountains and San Felipe Canyon) between 1864 and 1873 (p. 413)]

McVaugh, R. 1956. Edward Palmer: Plant Explorer of the American West. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.

Natland, J.H. 2014. Albert E. J. Engel 1916 – 1995. Biographical Memoirs, National Academy of Sciences: 1-20. [p. 3 “carried out field studies in … the Anza Borrego desert of southern California”]

Nelson, E.C. and A. Probert. 1994. A Man Who Can Speak of Plants: Dr. Thomas Coulter (1793-1843) of Dundalk in Ireland, Mexico and Alta California. Privately published by E. Charles Nelson, Dublin, Ireland. 181 pp. [pp. 105-106 – description of 1832 trip through San Felipe Creek and Carrizo, p. 108 – Lyrocarpa coulteri specimen; pp. 147-148 plant specimens; Plate 10 – map showing San Felipe and Carrizo (Carizal)]

Norris, F. 1982. On beyond reason: homesteading in the California desert, 1885-1940. Southern California Quarterly 64(4):297-312.

Orcutt, C.R. 1903. The Colorado Desert. West American Scientist 15(128): 38-48. [discussions on history, geography, geology, paleontology, ethnology, botany, hydrology, etc.]

Ormsby, W.L. 1942. (Edited by L.H. Wright and J.M. Bynum). The Butterfield Overland Mail: Only Through Passenger on the First Westbound Stage. Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery, San Marino, CA. 179 pp.

Pascal, P. 2002. Kesling Modern Structures: Popularizing Modern Design in Southern California 1934- 1962. Balcony Press, Los Angeles. 103 pp. [see pg. 102].

Pourade, R.F. 1971. The Colorful Butterfield Overland Stage: Reproductions in Color of 21 Paintings by Marjorie Reed from the Collection of James S. Copley. The Copley Press, San Diego, CA. Hardbound, 58 pp.

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Pourade, R.F. 1971. Anza Conquers the Desert: The Anza Expeditions from Mexico to California and the Founding of San Francisco, 1774-1776. Copley Books, San Diego, CA. Hardbound, 216 pp.

Reed, L. 1977. Old Time Cattlemen and Other Pioneers of the Anza-Borrego Area, 2nd ed. Hungry Eye Books, Hemet, CA. Spiral-bound, 154 pp.

Richards, P. 1984. Harry Oliver, “the old mirage salesman.” Desert Magazine 48(1):32-35, 41. Roberts, B.H. 1919. The Mormon Battalion: Its History and Achievement. The Deseret News, Salt Lake City, Utah [2001 reprint by Maasai, Inc., Provo, Utah]. 120 pp. [p. 55-59: Carriso Creek to “San Phillips”]

Ricketts, N.B. 1996. The Mormon Battalion: U.S. Army of the West 1846-1848. Utah State University Press, Logan, Utah. 375 pp.

Robinson, J.W. 2006. Rushing for gold via the Southern Overland Route, part 2. Desert Tracks, Newsletter of the Southwest Chapter of the Oregon-California Trails Association, December 2006: 1, 18- 23. [ Vallecito, Coyote Canyon, Borrego Valley, Garra Revolt firing squad, Carrizo Creek]

Romero, J.B. 1954. The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, with Side Lights on Historical Incidents in California. Vantage Press, Inc., New York, New York. [Pp. 1-4, Chief Andres Lucero, Muhana Tribe, 18- 25-1859 smallpox outbreaks, including “Borrego Valley”]

Ross, L.B. 1937. Lost tree in a lonely land. Desert Magazine 1(1):16-17, 24. [early trip reporting on discovery of elephant trees in Fish Creek area – original issue of Desert Magazine]

Scharf. T.L. 1973. Amiel Weeks Whipple and the boundary survey in southern California. Journal of San Diego History 19(3):18-31. [Details of Whipple’s survey team’s trip from San Diego to confluence of the Gila and Colorado Rivers in September 1849, including descriptions of San Felipe, Box Canyon, Vallecito, and Carrizo Creek]

Scott, T.M. 1939. Desert place names: California Carrizo Creek. Desert Magazine 2(6):24.

Sorensen, C. 1976. “Apostle of the cacti”: the society matron as environmental activist. Southern California Quarterly 58(3): 407-429.

South, M. 1939. Campbells of Vallecitos desert. Desert Magazine 3(2):25-27,39.

South, M. 1940. January at Yaquitepec. Desert Magazine 3(4):17-18.

South, M. 1940. Desert diary: February at Yaquitepec. Desert Magazine 3(5):13,36.

South, M. 1940. Desert diary: March at Yaquitepec. Desert Magazine 3(6):19-20.

South, M. 1940. Desert diary: April at Yaquitepec. Desert Magazine 3 (7):20-21.

South, M. 1940. Desert diary: May at Yaquitepec. Desert Magazine 3(8):19-20.

South, M. 1940. Desert diary: June at Yaquitepec. Desert Magazine 3(9):19-20.

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South, M. 1940. Desert diary: July at Yaquitepec. Desert Magazine 3(10):25-26.

South, M. 1940. Desert diary: August at Yaquitepec. Desert Magazine 3(11):15-16.

South, M. 1940. Desert diary: September at Yaquitepec. Desert Magazine 3(12):26-27.

South, M. 1940. Desert diary: October at Yaquitepec. Desert Magazine 4(1):23-24.

South, M. 1940. Desert diary: November at Yaquitepec. Desert Magazine 4(2):37-38.

South, M. 1941. Desert diary: December at Yaquitepec. Desert Magazine 4(3):19-20.

South, M. 1941. Desert home. Desert Magazine 4(7):29-30.

South, M. 1941. Desert home. Desert Magazine 4(8):37-39.

South, M. 1941. Desert home. Desert Magazine 4(9):23-24.

South, M. 1941. Desert refuge. Desert Magazine 4(10):9-10.

South, M. 1941. Desert refuge. Desert Magazine 4(11):21-22.

South, M. 1941. Desert refuge. Desert Magazine 4(12):11-12.

South, M. 1941. Desert refuge. Desert Magazine 5(1):25-26.

South, M. 1941. Desert refuge. Desert Magazine 5(2):19-20.

Starr, R. 1989. Philanthropy in San Diego, 1900-1929. Southern California Quarterly 71(2/3):227-273. [p. 238 – George W. Marston’s role in creating ABDSP]

Suter, M. 2008. Southern California earthquake during the 1775 Anza Expedition. Seismological Research Letters 79(6): 877-878.

Sweet, E.L. and L. Newell. 2011. Images of America: Historic Stage Routes of San Diego County. Arcadia Publishing, Charleston, SC. Softbound, 127 pp.

Testa, S.M. 2008. Early geological excursions and observations of the Colorado Desert region by William Phipps Blake, 1853 and 1906. Pp. 72-83 in R.E. Reynolds, (ed.), Trough to Trough: The Colorado River to the Salton Sea. Proceedings of the 2008 Desert Symposium. California State University, Desert Studies Consortium and LSA Associates, Inc. 146 pp. [Carrizo Creek, Vallecito, San Felipe]

Toler, D.L. Jr. 2015. Blood of the Band: An Ipai Family Story. Sunbelt Publications, Inc., San Diego, CA. 285 pp. [p. 36, San Felipe Creek; p. 40, San Felipe, Harper Flat, Vallecito, Canebrake; p. 93, Garra revolt executions in “Los Coyotes Canyon”]

Van Cleve, D.H. 2013. Have A Nice Day Job: A Humorous Look at my Career as a Park Ranger, Ecologist, and Park Superintendent. David H. Van Cleve. 136 pp.

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Van Cleve, D. 2018. A Greatness of Spirit: Tales of Extraordinary Ranges at the Heart of California’s State Park System. David Van Cleve. 293 pp. [written by former ABDSP and Colorado Desert District Superintendent Dave Van Cleve with chapters on former ABDSP ranger, ecologist and superintendent Mark Jorgensen and former ranger/pilot Jon Muench]

Wallace, A. and R.H. Hevly, eds. 2007. From Texas to San Diego in 1851: The Overland Journal of Dr. S.W. Woodhouse, Surgeon-Naturalist of the Sitgreaves Expedition. Texas Tech University Press, Lubbock, Texas. 357 pp. [Pp. 170-173 and 285-286 – accounts and notes of travel between Carrizo Creek and San Felipe/Warner’s Ranch, including Palm Spring(s), Vallecito, and Box Canyon]

Wheat, F. 1999. California Desert Miracle: The Fight for Desert Parks and Wilderness. Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, CA. Softbound, 337 pp.

ARCHAEOLOGY Begole, R.S. 1973. An archeological survey in the Anza-Borrego Desert State Park: 1972 preliminary report. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 9(2):27-55.

Begole, R.S. 1974. Archeological phenomena in the California desert. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 10:51-70.

Begole, R.S. 1976. A continuing archaeological survey in the Anza-Borrego Desert State Park: 1975-76 report. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 12(2):1-24.

Begole, R.S. 1981. 1978-1980 investigations in the Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 17(4):1-38.

Begole, R.S. 1985. A game of skill? Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 21(4):60-62.

Burton, M. 2009. Using pottery collections with limited provenance to explore pre-contact ceramic traditions: an example from the Anza-Borrego Desert. Papers on California Desert Archaeology. Proceedings of the Society for California Archeaeology 21:215-225.

Burton, M. M. and P.S. Quinn. 2013. Malcolm J. Rogers on archaeological ceramics: foundations and current studies in the San Diego region. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 48(3&4):97-108.

Burton, M.M., J.L. Adams, M.D. Willis, and D. Nadel. 2017. Boulders, outcrops, caves: documenting cultural use of landscape features in the San Diego region of California. Quaternary International 439(B):5-24. [Indian Hill rockshelter]

Fenenga, G.L., B. Erwin, and W. Erwin, 2015. A prehistoric ceramic rattle from the southwestern shoreline of ancient Lake Cahuilla, Imperial County, California. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 51(1):1-20.

Fergusson, G.J. and W.F. Libby. 1962. UCLA radiocarbon dates I*. Radiocarbon 4: 109-114. [San Felipe Valley, San Felipe Creek, Sentenac Canyon]

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Gamble, L.H. and C.D. King. 2011. Beads and ornaments from San Diego: evidence for exchange networks in southern California and the American Southwest. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology 31(2):155-178.

Gamble, L.H. and I.C. Zepeda. 2002. Social differentiation and exchange among the Kumeyaay Indians during the historic period in California. Historical Archeology 36(2): 71-91.

Hayden, J.D. 1976. Pre-Altithermal archaeology in the Sierra Pinacate, Sonora, Mexico. American Antiquity 41(3):274-289. [pp. 287-88 – Begole, “Anza-Borrego region … has found many heavily varnished Malpais sleeping circles and stone alignments on volcanic ridges and slopes.”]

Hedges, K. and D. Hamann. 1995. Historic Kumeyaay pictographs in San Diego County. La Pintura 21(4):8-10.

Hedges, K. 2002. Rock art styles in southern California. American Indian Rock Art 28:25-40.

Hildebrand, J.A., G.T. Gross, J. Schaefer, and H. Neff. 2002. Patayan ceramic variability. Pp 121-139 in Glowacki, D.M. and H. Neff (eds.), Ceramic Production and Circulation in the Greater Southwest: Source Determination by INAA and Complementary Mineralogical Investigations. Monograph 44, The Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles. [Indian Hill, Vallecito-Fish Creek Basin, Tierra Blanca Mountains, Borrego Valley, Dos Cabezas]

Hughes, R.E. and D.L. True. 1985. Perspectives on the distribution of obsidians in San Diego County, California. North American Archaeologist 6(4): 325-339.

Knaak, M. 1988. The Forgotten Artist: Indians of Anza-Borrego and Their Rock Art. Anza-Borrego Desert Natural History Association, Borrego Springs, CA. Softbound, 117 pp.

LaFave, J.F. 2005. An examination of probable “cultural contact” rock art sites in southern California and northern Baja California. Rock Art Papers (K Hedges, ed.), Volume 17, San Diego Museum of Man Papers 43:33-47.

Linick, T.W. 1980. La Jolla natural radiocarbon measurements IX. Radiocarbon 22(4): 1034-1044.

Lyneis, M.M. 1988. Tizon Brown Ware and the problems raised by paddle-and-anvil pottery in the Mojave Desert. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology 10(2): 146-155.

Meighan, C.W. 1954. A late complex in southern California prehistory. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 10(2):215-227. [comparison of artifacts found at site in Pala with those from a site at Vallecito]

Parkman, E.B. 1983. Soapstone for the cosmos: archaeological discoveries in the Cuyamaca Mountains. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology 5(1/2):140-155. [Begole; Mason Valley, Earthquake Valley]

Pigniolo, A.R. 2004. Points, patterns and people: distribution of the desert side-notched point in San Diego County. Proceedings of the Society for California Society of Archeology 14:27-39.

Quinn, P. and M. Burton. 2009. Ceramic petrography & the reconstruction of hunter-gatherer craft technology in late prehistoric southern California. Interpreting Silent Artifacts: Petrographic Approaches to Archaeological Ceramics 2009(Dec 31): 267-296.

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Quinn, P.S., M.M. Burton, D. Broughton, and S. Van Heymbeeck. 2013. Deciphering compositional patterning in plainware ceramics from late prehistoric hunter-gatherer sites in the Peninsular Ranges, San Diego County, California. American Antiquity 78(4):779-789.

Quinn, P.S. and M.M. Burton. 2016. Ceramic distribution, migration, and cultural interaction among late prehistoric (ca. 1300-200 B.P.) hunter-gatherers in the San Diego region, Southern California. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 5(2016):285-295.

Sampson, M. 2004. Aboriginal settlement in Mine Wash and its role in local prehistory, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Proceedings of the Society for California Archeology 17:163-170.

Schneider, J.S. and B. Bruce. 2009. Feasibility of using protein residue analysis to determine materials processed within bedrock milling features. Society of California Archeology Proceedings 23:1-13.

Schneider, J.S, R.S. Begole, M.C. Jorgensen, E.S. Rubin and L.L. Jee. 2014. Prehistoric bighorn sheep procurement tactics in the Colorado Desert: a hypothesis for a stone-feature complex in Yaqui Pass, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology 34(2):175-204.

Schneider, J.S., C.N. Warren, J. Wedding, D.L. Winslow, H.B. Rager, and C.A. Prior. 2017. On the shores of Silver Lake, Mojave Desert, California: late Holocene shoreline features and functional hypotheses. California Archaeology 9(2):259-291. [Table 2 – Clark Dry Lake, Blair Valley, and Mortero Wash]

Van Wormer, S.R., S. Wade, S.D. Walter and S. Arter. 2012. An isolated frontier outpost: historical and archeological investigations of the Carrizo Creek Station. California Department of Parks and Recreation Archaeology, History and Museums Division Publications in Cultural Heritage, Number 29. California Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento, California. 194 pp.

Wallace, W.J. and E. Taylor. 1958. An archeological reconnaissance in Bow Willow Canyon, Anza- Borrego Desert State Park. The Masterkey 32(5): 155-166.

Wallace, W.J. and E. Taylor. 1960. The surface archeology of Indian Hill, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. The Masterkey 34(1):4-18.

Wallace, W.J. and E. Taylor. 1960. The Indian Hill rockshelter: preliminary excavations. The Masterkey 34(2):66-82.

Whitley, D.S. 1996. A Guide to Rock Art Sites: Southern California and Southern Nevada. Mountain Press Publishing Company, Missoula, MT. 218 pp.

ETHNOLOGY Bean, L.J. and K.S. Saubel. 1972. Temalpakh: Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants. Malki Museum Press, Morongo Indian Reservation, CA. 224 pp.

Orcutt, C.R. 1903. The Colorado Desert. West American Scientist 15(128): 38-48. [discussions on history, geography, geology, paleontology, ethnology, botany, hydrology, etc.]

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Risling Baldy, C. 2013. Why we gather: traditional gathering in native Northwest California and the future of bio-cultural sovereignty. Ecological Processes 2(17):1-10.

Wilken-Robertson, M. 2018. Kumeyaay Ethnobotany: Shared Heritage of the Californias. Sunbelt Publications, Inc., San Diego, California. 281 pp.

LAW, ETHICS & PUBLIC POLICY Brooks, E. 2017. Number narratives: abundance, scarcity, and sustainability in a California water world. Science as Culture 26(1):32-55.

Bruce, M. and T. Rice. 1994. Controlling the blue rash: issues and trends in state land management. Land and Water Law Review 29(1):1-58.

California Research Bureau, M. Buttice, and J. Ruffalo. 2013. California State Parks: a budget overview. California Agencies, Paper 458. Requested by the Senate Natural Resources and Water Committee and the Assembly Water, Parks and Wildlife Committee. California Research Bureau, Sacramento, California. Pp. 1-33.

Dawson, C.P. and P. Thorndike. 2002. State-designated wilderness programs in the United States. International Journal of Wilderness 8(3):21-26.

Institute of Governmental Studies. 1984. Emerging issues in public policy: the environment water, and the coast, 1977-1982. California Agencies Paper 415. [Pp. 16-22 – The California Desert]

Keiter, R. B. 2018. Toward a national conservation network act: transforming landscape conservation on the public lands into law. Harvard Environmental Law Review 42:61-138. [p. 83 – California State Park System and Anza-Borrego Desert State Park]

Nagle, J.C. 2013. Green harms of green projects. Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy 27: 59-104. Notre Dame Law School Legal Studies Research Paper No. 1332.

O’Leary, P.M. 2012. Walk in the park: a legal overview of California’s State and Federal Parks and the laws governing their use and enjoyment, A. Natural Resources Journal 52:237-263.

Stebbins, R.C., T.J. Papenfuss, and F.D. Amamoto. 1977. The California desert: multiple uses and conflicting demands. Environmental Planning and Protection 18(6):16-22

Stevens, J. and R. Frank. 2009. Current policy and legal issues affecting recreational use of public lands in the American West. Resources for the Future Discussion Paper (RFF DP) 09-23: 1-30 pp. Washington, D.C.

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EDUCATION Becker, G.B. and D.W. Hardy. 1973. A unique experience in action research. Improving College and University Teaching 21(3):190-191, 194.

ENERGY Fenn, P., R. Freehling, and D. Erickson. 2009. Carbon-reduction tax dollars better spent on demand reduction, not megagrid schemes. Natural Gas & Electricity – May 2009: 15-22.

MILITARY Anitole, G., R.L. Johnson, and C.J. Neubert. 1987. Statistical evaluation of desert individual camouflage covers (ICC) by ground observers. Pp. 181-191 in Proceedings of the Thirty-second Conference on the Design of Experiments in Army Research Development and Testing. ARO Report 87-2. Department of Defense, United States of America.

MEDICINE Fierer, J., D.W. Burton, P. Haghighi, and L.J. Deftos. 2012. Hypercalcemia in disseminated coccidioidomycosis: expression of parathyroid hormone-related peptide is characteristic of granulomatous inflammation. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2012:55(7):e61-6. [case report of 52-year-old African American man who is believed to have contracted coccidiodomycosis while “crossing the Anza Borrego Desert” in June 2005]

Jyoti, B.B. 2005. Phytotherapeutics in conservative dentistry & endodontics – a review. Journal of Conservative Dentistry 8(2):31-39. [p.33 – “The Elephant Tree (Bursera microphylla), a fat stemmed tree native to the Anza Borrego desert …”]

LITERATURE Fugard, A. 1993. Recent notebook entries. Twentieth Century Literature 39(4):526-540. [p. 531, “Anza-Borrego desert”; “The Anza-Borrego must be sheer hell at the height of summer.”]

Fugard, A. 1997. Cousins: A Memoir. Theatre Communications Group, Inc., New York, New York. [p. 68, “into the Anza Borrego Desert”]

Hogue, L. 2000. All the Wild and Lonely Places: Journeys in a Desert Landscape. Island Press/Shearwater Books, Washington, D.C. 272 pp.

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HUMOR Van Cleve, D.H. 2013. Have A Nice Day Job: A Humorous Look at my Career as a Park Ranger, Ecologist, and Park Superintendent. David H. Van Cleve. 136 pp.

MUSIC Dunn, D. 1979. Sky Drift. Lingua Press, La Jolla, CA. 84 pp.

Van De Bogart, W. 2014, Extraterrestrial contact: creating xenolinguistic sonic messages for extraterrestrial communication – Ether Ship electronic music orchestrations in the Anza- Borrego Desert. Technoetic Arts: A Journal of Speculative Research 12(1):47-73

NEW-MEDIA ART Electronic Disturbance Theater 2.0. 2015. The water witching tool. Journal of Visual Culture 15(1):35- 37. DOI 10.1177/1470412915619402 [p. 36 – Water Station Inc. and Border Angels … “water caches along the Anza-Borrego area”]

PHOTOGRAPHY Anza-Borrego Foundation. 2017. Through the Lens: Capturing the Wonders of Anza-Borrego. Sunbelt Publications, Inc., San Diego, California. 54 pp.

Cowan, E. 2008. Anza-Borrego: A Photographic Journey. Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, CA. Hardbound, 80 pp.

Dykinga, J.W. (photographs), and C. Bowden (text). 1992. The Sonoran Desert: Arizona – California – Mexico. Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, New York, NY. Softbound, 167 pp.

Johnson, P.R., H. Daniel and M.C. Jorgensen. 1982. Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Anza-Borrego Desert Natural History Association, Borrego Springs, CA. Hardbound, 74 pp.

RECREATION Adkison, R. 1986. The Hiker’s Guide to California Falcon Press Publishing Company, Inc., Helena and Billings, Montana. 260 pp. [Pp. 18-23, Elephant Trees Area and Borrego Palm Canyon, ABDSP]

Brooks, E. and D. Winkler. 2017. Adapting to extremes: desert communities and water scarcity. Desert Report: News of the Desert from Sierra Club California & Nevada Desert Committee, September

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2017:10-11. [Examines biological, socio-economic and cultural extremes with Anza-Borrrego Desert State Park and Borrego Springs, CA – particularly at Park visitation vs. precipitation in 27-year normal, extreme maximum and extreme minimum months]

Larabee, M. and B.S. Mann. 2016. The Pacific Crest Trail: Exploring America’s Wilderness Trail. Rizzoli International Publications, Inc., New York, NY and the Pacific Crest Trail Association. 334 pp.

Lindsay, D., P. Knoll and T. Varnell, eds. 2016. Coast to Cactus: The Canyoneer Trail Guide to San Diego Outdoors. Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, CA. 595 pp.

Lindsay, L. & D. 1978. The Anza-Borrego Desert Region: A Guide to the State Park and the Adjacent Areas, 1st ed. Wilderness Press, Berkeley, CA. 165 pp.

Lindsay, L. & D. 1986. The Anza-Borrego Desert Region: A Guide to the State Park and the Adjacent Areas, 2nd ed. Wilderness Press, Berkeley, CA. 179 pp.

Lindsay, L. and D. Lindsay. 1991. The Anza-Borrego Region: A Guide to the State Park and Adjacent Areas --? 3rd ed. Wilderness Press, Berkeley, CA. Softbound, pp.

Lindsay, L. & D. 1998. The Anza-Borrego Desert Region: A Guide to the State Park and Adjacent Areas of the Western Colorado Desert, 4th ed. Wilderness Press, Berkeley, CA. 258 pp.

Lindsay, L. & D. 2006. The Anza-Borrego Desert Region: A Guide to the State Park and Adjacent Areas of the Western Colorado Desert, 5th ed. Wilderness Press, Berkeley, CA. 302 pp.

Lindsay, L. & D. 2018. Anza-Borrego Desert Region: Your Comlete Guide to the State Park and Adjacent Areas of the Western Colorado Desert, 6th ed. Wilderness Press, Birmingham, AL. 320 pp.

Ostertag, R. and G. Ostertag. 1995 California State Parks: A Complete Recreation Guide. The Mountaineers, Seattle, Washington. 383 pp. [Pp. 361-368, ABDSP]

Salcedo, N. 1999. A Hiker’s Guide to California Native Places: Interpretive Trails, Reconstructed Villages, Rock Art Sites and the Indigenous Cultures They Evoke. Wilderness Press, Berkeley, California. 282 pp. [Pp. 17-20, Morteros and Pictographs trails, ABDSP]

Schad, J. 1978. A wilderness trek in the Santa Rosa Mountains. Desert Magazine 41(2):8-11, 62.

Schad, J. 1986. Afoot and Afield in San Diego County. Wilderness Press, Berkeley, CA. Softbound, 290 pp.

Schad, J. and S. Turner. 2017. Afoot & Afield: San Diego County, 5th ed. Wilderness Press, Birmingham, AL. 484 pp.

Schaefer, L. 2000. A Traveler’s Guide to Historic California. Gold Nugget Press, California 808 pp. [Pp. 432-436 and 454-455, ABDSP]

Smith, M.D. 1978. Exploring Rockhouse Valley: a father and son enjoy a 3-day wilderness hike in a quiet desert valley. Desert Magazine 41(9):24-27.

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Wells, C.A. 2003. Guide to Southern California Backroads and 4-Wheel Drive Trails. Fun Treks, Inc., Colorado Springs, Colorado. 286 pp. [ pp. 165-209, ABDSP]

Zdon, A. 2000. Desert Summits: A Climbing and Hiking Guide to California and Southern Nevada. Spotted Dog Press, Inc., Bishop, California. 416 pp. [Pp. 386-397, peaks of ABDSP]

GENERAL

Bloomquist, R.A. 1970. Beyond Indian Gorge. Desert Magazine 33(12):34-36.

Bloomquist, R.A. 1970. Historic Palm Spring. Desert Magazine 33(4):8-9.

Bloomquist, R.A. 1970. Through Borrego Badlands. Desert Magazine 33(2):26-29.

Bloomquist, D. 1977. New clues to the lost White Papoose Mine. Desert Magazine 40(12):18-19.

Bloomquist, D. 1978. Travertine Palms: number 16 in a series on California palm oases. Desert Magazine 41(3):40-41.

Bloomquist, D. 1978. Palm Wash: number 17 in a series on California palm oases. Desert Magazine 41(4):40-41.

Bloomquist, D. 1978. Lone Palm Oasis: number 19 in a series on California palm oases. Desert Magazine 41(6):38-39.

Bloomquist, D. 1978. Seventeen Palms Oasis: number 20 in a series on California palm oases. Desert Magazine 41(7):16-17.

Bloomquist, D. 1978. Five Palms: number 21 in a series on California palm oases. Desert Magazine 41(8):14-15.

Bloomquist, D. 1978. Una Palma: number 22 in a series on California palm oases. Desert Magazine 41(9):39.

Bloomquist, D. 1978. Salvador Canyon: number 23 in a series on California palm oases. Desert Magazine 41(10):34-35.

Bloomquist, D. 1978. North Fork of Sheep Canyon: number 24 in a series on California palm oases. Desert Magazine 41(11):36-37.

Bloomquist, D. 1978. Borrego Palm Canyon: number 25 in a series on California palm oases. Desert Magazine 41(12):30-31.

Bloomquist, D. 1979. Palm Spring: number 26 in a series on California palm oases. Desert Magazine 42(1):14-15.

Burroughs, H. 1941. Back-packing on Anza’s trail. Desert Magazine 4(11):5-10.

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Cowan, E. 1971. Anza-Borrego’s forbidden canyons. Desert Magazine 34(4):12-14.

Cowan, E. 1971. Hiking the canyons of Anza-Borrego. Desert Magazine 34(12):18-21.

Engstrand, I. and A. Bullard. 1999. Inspired by Nature: the San Diego Natural History Museum after 125 Years. San Diego Natural History Museum, San Diego, CA. Hardbound, 250 pp.

Felton, E.L. ???? California’s Many Climates. Pacific Books, Palo Alto, CA. – pp.

Fiedler, P. L., S.G. Rumsey and K.M. Wong. 2013. The Environmental Legacy of the UC Natural Reserve System. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Hardbound, 267 pp. [Steele/Burnand Anza- Borrego Desert Research Center, pp. 213-217] Fugard, L. 2002. Travel: Sounds of silence in the desert. The New York Times, February 10, 2002.

Henderson, R. 1940. Palm oasis in Mortero Canyon. Desert Magazine 4(1):17-20.

Henderson, R. 1941. Palm Canyon in Borrego Desert State Park. Desert Magazine 4(5):19-21.

Henderson, R. 1961. On Desert Trails: Today and Yesterday. Westernlore Press, Los Angeles, CA. Hardbound, 357 pp.

Hulett, G.K. and A.R. Charles. 1999. Anza-Borrego Desert. P. 31 in Mares, M.A. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Deserts. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma. 654 pp.

Jaeger, E.C. 1957. The North American Deserts. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA.

Jaeger, E.C. 1965. The California Deserts, 4th edition. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA. Hardbound, 208 pp.

Jennings, B. 1978. Dos Cabezas no longer forgotten: old railroad water source may become oasis again. Desert Magazine 41(3):36-39.

Jennings, B. 1978. Anza-Borrego Visitor Center underway. Desert Magazine 41(11):33-35.

Johnson, P.R. 1988. The desert beckons. Environment Southwest 522:3-6.

Kappel-Smith, D. 1992. Desert Time: A Journey Through the American Southwest. Little, Brown and Company, Boston, MA. Hardbound, 262 pp.

Lindsay, D. 2001. Anza-Borrego A to Z: People, Places and Things. Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, CA. Hardbound, 400 pp.

Mares, M.A. (ed.). 1999. Encyclopedia of Deserts. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma. 654 pp.

Ostermann, S.D. and W.M. Boyce. 2002. Ecological conditions in Coyote Canyon, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park: an assessment of the Coyote Canyon Public Use Plan. Report prepared for California State Parks Colorado Desert District. 67 pp.

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Pavlik, B.M. 2008. The California Deserts: An Ecological Rediscovery. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Hardbound, 365 pp.

Parker, H. 1963. Anza-Borrego Desert Guide Book: Southern California’s Last Frontier, 2nd Ed. Paisano Press, Balboa Island, CA. Spiral bound, 139 pp.

Pepper, J. 1970. It’s playtime in Borrego. Desert Magazine 33(12):26-31.

Ph.D. Dissertations

Allan, C.W. 2013. Genome Wide Search for Positive Selection on Protein-coding Genes between Cactus Host Races of Drosophila mojavensis. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Alabama, Huntsville, Alabama.

Anderson, R.B. 2014. The Value of A Place: Development Politics on the East Cape of Baja California Sur, Mexico. Ph. D. Dissertation, Anthropology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky. 191 pp.

Berry, R.L. 1970. A Revision of the Tribes Cerenopini and Eulabini (Formerly Scaurini, in part) of North America (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Ph.D. Dissertation, Entomology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. 358 pp.

Boxerman, J.Z. 2013. Echoes from the Field: An Ethnographic Investigation of Outdoor Science Field Trips. Ph.D. Dissertation, Field of Education and Social Policy – Learning Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.

Cassiliano, M.L. 1994. Paleoecology and Taphonomy of Vertebrate Faunas from the Anza-Borrego Desert of California. Ph.D. Dissertation, Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona. 421 pp.

Chang, F-Y. 2015. Metagenomics-based tryptophan dimer natural product discovery and development pipeline. Ph. D. Thesis, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York. 212 pp.

Crosbie, P.R. 1997. Ecology and Systematics of Dermacentor hunter (Acari: Ixodidae). Ph.D. Dissertation, Ecology, University of California, Davis, California. 111 pp.

Cross, J.K. 1979. Multivariate and Univariate Character Geography in Chionactis (Reptilia: Serpentes). Ph.D. Dissertation, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona. 517 pp.

Davis, D.E. 2016. Nowhere Landscape, for Clarinets, Trombones, Percussion, Violins, and Electronics and “The Map and the Territory: Documenting David Dunn’s Sky Drift.” Ph. D. Dissertation, Music, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. 147 pp.

DiVittorio, C.T. 2014. Mechanisms of Adaptive Radiation in Encelia. Ph.D. Dissertation, Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California.

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Dugan, E.A. 2011. Comparative Biology of Sympatric Red Diamond and Southern Pacific Rattlesnakes in Southern California. Ph.D. Dissertation, Biology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California. 143 pp.

Ernest, H.B. 2001. Ecological Genetics of Mountain Lions. Ph.D. Dissertation, Ecology, University of California, Davis, California.

Fraley, B.G. 2015. Creating Musical Landscapes: The Origins, Analysis, Performance, and Logistics of John Luther Adams’s Inuksuit. Ph.D. Treatise, College of Music, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida. 123 pp.

Goforth, B.R. 2009. Effects of Extreme Drought and Megafires on Sky Island Conifer Forests of the Peninsular Ranges, Southern California. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California, Riverside, California. 120 pp.

Gottscho, A.D., 2015. Lineage Diversification of Lizards (Phrynosomatidae) in Southwestern North America: Integrating Genomics and Geology. Ph.D. Dissertation, Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California.

Hollowell, A.C. 2015. Drivers of Genotypic Abundance and Spatial Spread in Wild Bradyrhizobium. Ph. D. Dissertation, Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of California, Riverside, California. 97 pp.

Kelleher, E.S. 2009. Evolution of Reproductive Tract Interactions in Cactophilic Drosophila. Ph.D. Dissertation, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona. 255 pp.

King, R.W. 2013. Novel Molecules from Environmental DNA-derived Type II Polyketide Biosynthetic Gene Clusters. Ph. D. Thesis, The Rockfeller University, New York, New York. 104 pp.

Lillian, S. 2017. Associational Susceptability of a Native Shrub, Atriplex canescens, Mediated by an Invasive Annual Forb, Brassica tournefortii, and Invasive Stinkbug, Bagrada hilaris. Ph.D. Dissertation, Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California. 117 pp.

Lindsay, G.E. 1955. The Taxonomy and Ecology of the Genus Ferocactus. Ph.D. Dissertation, Stanford University, Stanford, California. 349 pp.

Malusa, J.R. 1989. The Phylogeny and Water Relations of Pinyon Pines in Relation to the Vicariance Biogeography of the American Southwest. Ph. D. Dissertation, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona. 168 pp.

Martinez-Berdeja, A. 2014. Rainfall Variability in Deserts and the Timing of Seed Release in Chorizanthe rigida, a Serotinous Winter Desert Annual. Ph. D. Dissertation, Plant Biology, University of California, Riverside, California. 107 pp. [study site at OWSVRA, but uses rainfall data from ABDSP]

McDonald, A.M. 1992. Indian Hill Rockshelter and Aboriginal Cultural Adaptations in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Southeastern California. Ph.D. Dissertation, Anthropology, University of California, Riverside, California.

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Moran, R.V. 1951. A Revision of Dudleya (Crassulaceae). Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, California. 295 pp.

Murray, L.K. 2008. Effects of Taxonomic and Locality Inaccuracies on Biostratigraphy and Biochronology of the Hueso and Tapiado Formations in the Vallecito Creek-Fish Creek Section, Anza-Borrego Desert, California. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Texas, Austin, Texas. 532 pp.

Nemser, E.S. 2009. Episodic Development of Fault-Zone Architecture Investigated Using Small Displacement Strike-Slip Faults. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Washington. 192 pp.

O’Dowd, D.J. 1977. Associational Influences of Herbivory. Ph.D. Dissertation, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, California.

Ostermann, S. 2005. Autecology of Feral Horses (Equus caballus) in Desert Environments. Ph.D. Dissertation, Ecology, University of California, Davis, California.

Portman, Z.M. 2018. Foraging Behavior, Taxonomy, and Morphology of Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), with an Emphasis on Perdita (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae). Ph. D. Dissertation, Ecology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah. 316 pp.

Rubin, E.S. 2000. The Ecology of Desert Bighorn Sheep (Ovis canadensis) in the Peninsular Ranges of California. Ph.D. dissertation, Ecology, University of California, Davis, California. 202 pp.

Ryter, D.W. 2002. Late Pleistocene Kinematics of the Central San Jacinto Fault Zone, Southern California. Ph.D. Dissertation, Geological Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon. 137 pp.

Scott, P.E. 1989. Ecological Consequences of Variation in Pollinator Availability: Ocotillo, Carpenter Bees, and Hummingbirds in Two Deserts. Ph.D. Dissertation, Zoology & Physiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. 134 pp.

Theodore, T.G. 1967. Structure and Petrology of the Gneisses and Mylonites at Coyote Mountain, Borrego Springs, California. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, California. 268 pp.

Veno, B.A. 1979. A Revision of the Genus Pectocarya (Boraginaceae) Including Reduction to Synonymy of the Genus Harpagonella (Boraginaceae). Ph.D. Dissertation, Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California. 201 pp.

Walden, G.K. 2015. Systematics of Emmenanthe, Eucrypta, and Phacelia sect. Ramosissimae (Hydrophyllaceae; Boraginales). Ph.D. Dissertation, Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California. 353 pp.

Willyard, A.M. 2007. New Perspectives on Evolutionary Relationships within Pinus (Pinaceae) and within Subsection Ponderosae (Subgenus Pinus). Ph.D. Dissertation, Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. 175 pp.

Winker, C.D. 1987. Neogene Stratigraphy of the Fish Creek-Vallecito Section, Southern California: Implications for Early History of the Northern Gulf of California and Colorado Delta. Ph.D. Dissertation, Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona. 494 pp.

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Winkler, D.E. 2017. Effects of Climate Change on Protected and Invasive Plant Species. Ph. D. Dissertation, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, California. 179 pp.

Woodard, G.D. 1963. The Cenozoic Succession of the West Colorado Desert, San Diego and Imperial Counties, Southern California. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of California, Berkeley, California. 173 pp.

Master’s Theses

Azzinnari, J. 2016. A Geographical Reanalysis of the Scorpion Genus Anuroctonus Pocock, 1893, Based on Morphology, Meristics and Morphometrics. M.S. Thesis, Biology, West Texas A&M University, Canyon, Texas. 145 pp.

Bateman, S.B. 2015. Earliest Turbidite Emplacement (~6.3 -5.6 Ma) in the Newly )pening Gulf of California (Fish Creek-Vallecito Basin). M.S. Thesis, The University of Texas, Austin. 108 pp.

Beauchamp, R.M. 1972. Floral Diversity of San Diego County, California. M.S. Thesis, Botany, California State University, San Diego, California. 73 pp.

Borjesson, Dori. 1995. Pregnancy Detection in Bighorn Sheep. Master of Preventative Veterinary Medicine Thesis, Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.

Brogenski, C.B. 1997. Terrestrial Evidence for Plio-Pleistocene Climate Change in Oxygen and Carbon Isotopic Values of Southern California Fossil Horse Teeth. M.S. Thesis, Geology, University of California, Davis, California. 91 pp.

Carvajal, J.I. 2012. Postmating Transcriptional Changes in Brains of Con- and Heterospecifically Mated Drosophila mojavensis Females. M.S. Thesis, Biology, University of California, San Diego, California. 43 pp.

Cosma, T.N. 2002. Late Tertiary Climate Variations Inferred from Ostracode Data, Anza-Borrego Desert, Southern California, USA. M.S. Thesis, Geology, Kent State University. 109 pp.

Cloos, M.E. 2014. Detrital Zircon U-Pb and (U-Th)/He Geo-thermochronometry and Submarine Turbidite Fan Development in the Mio-Pliocene Gulf of California, Fish Creek-Vallecito Basin, Southern California. M.S. Thesis, Geological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin. 216 pp.

Cunningham, G.D. 1984. The Plio-Pleistocene Dipodomyinae and Geology of the Palm Spring Formation, Anza-Borrego Desert, California. M.S. Thesis, Geology, Idaho State University. 193 pp.

Dean, M.A. 1988. Genesis, Mineralogy and Stratigraphy of the Neogene Fish Creek Gypsum, Southwestern Salton Trough, California. M.S. Thesis, Geological Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 150 pp.

Dice, J.C. 1988. Systematic Studies in the Nolina bigelovii - N. parryi (Nolinaceae) Complex. M.S. Thesis, Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 203 pp.

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DiDomenico, A.M. 2014. Species Tree Inference, Genetic Species Delimitation and Species Descriptions in the Sitalcina sura Species Group (Opiliones, Laniatores, Phalangodidae). M.S. Thesis, Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 60 pp. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/123826

Eckis, R. 1930. The Geology of the Southern Part of the Indio Quadrangle, California. M.S. Thesis, Geology Paleontology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California. 25 pp.

Escamilla, D. 2003. A Reevaluation of the Origin of the Fish Creek Gypsum, Imperial County, California, U.S.A. M.S. Thesis, Marine Science, University of San Diego, San Diego, California. 176 pp.

Fisch, G.Z. 2014. Arc-Rift Transition Volcanism in the Volcanic Hills, Jacumba and Coyote Mountains, San Diego and Imperial Counties, California. M.S. Thesis, Geological Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 75 pp.

Fourt, R. 1979. Post-Batholithic Geology of the Volcanic Hills and Vicinity, San Diego County, California. M.S. Thesis, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 71 pp.

Gallas, G.C. 2014. The Evolution of Abiotic Stress Tolerance: A Physiological and Gene Expression Approach to the Relationship Between High Light and Heat Stress Responses in Boechera. M.S. Thesis, Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 110 pp.

Gensler, P.A. 2002. Late Irvingtonian (Mid-Pleistocene) Vertebrate Fauna from Ash Wash, Coyote Badlands, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. M.S. Thesis, Quaternary Studies, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona. 104 pp.

Gibson, L.M. 1983. The Configuration of the Vallecito-Fish Creek Basin, Western Imperial Valley, California; as Interpreted from Gravity Data. M.A. Thesis, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire. 87 pp.

Grove, M. 1987. Metamorphism and Deformation of Prebatholithic Rocks in the Box Canyon Area, Eastern Peninsular Ranges, San Diego County, California. M.S. Thesis, Geology, University of California, Los Angeles, California. 174 pp.

Hedges, K.E. 1970. An Analysis of Diegueño Pictographs. M.A. Thesis, Anthropology, San Diego State College, San Diego, California. 171 pp.

Jacques, S.P. 2006. Kumeyaay Site Analysis in Blair Valley, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Southern California. M.A. Thesis, Anthropology

Jolly, D.W. 2000. Fossil Turtles and Tortoises of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. M.S. Thesis, Quaternary Studies, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona. 197 pp.

Kairouz, M.E. 2005. Geology of the Whale Peak Region of the Vallecito Mountains: Emphasis on the Kinematics and Timing of the West Salton Detachment Fault, Southern California. M.S. Thesis, Geology, University of California, Los Angeles, California. 156 pp.

Kerr, D.R. 1982. Early Neogene Continental Sedimentation, Western Salton Trough, California. M.S. Thesis, Geology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 138 pp.

Koike, H. 2007. Genetic Structure of Refuge Populations of the Desert Pupfish Complex. M.S. Thesis, Zoology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma. 72 pp.

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Lindsay, D.E. 1973. Anza-Borrego Desert: The Story of the Nation’s Largest State Park. M.A. Thesis, History, San Diego State University, San Diego, California.

Lotz, A. 2002. Influence of Environmental Factors on Nocturnal Activity of Snakes in the Colorado Desert. M.S. Thesis, Natural Resources: Wildlife, Humboldt State University, Humboldt, California. 61 pp.

Lutz, A.T. 2005. Tectonic Controls on Pleistocene Basin Evolution in the Central San Jacinto Fault Zone, Southern California. M.S. Thesis, Geological Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon. 136 pp.

Maas, J.P. 1973. A Shallow Seismic Velocity Structure in the Lower Borrego Valley, California. M.S. Thesis, Geological Sciences, University of California, Riverside. 78 pp.

Mansouri, I. 2014. Effects of Irrigation and Soil Type on Ashyleaf Buckwheat (Eriogonum cinereum) Fungal Infection in a Nursery Setting. M.S. Thesis, Environmental Science, California State University, Dominguez Hills, California.

McHugh, L. 2017. Assessment of Raptor Migration Corridors in the United States. M.S. Thesis, Natural Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona. [Borrego Valley hawkwatch]

McKinney, J.G. 2013. Fine Root Addition Differentially Influences Native and Exotic Desert Species Through Soil Moisture and Nitrogen Availability Changes. M.S. Thesis, Biology, University of California, San Diego, California. 25 pp.

Mejia, D. 2016. Rove Beetle Diversity, Distribution, and Ecology in the Sonoran Desert Necrotic Cactus Niche. M.S. Thesis, Biology, University of California, San Diego, California. 50 pp.

Mercado, J. 2000. Vectorborne Diseases in Bighorn Sheep. Master of Preventative Veterinary Medicine Thesis, Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.

Michaels, J.E. 2010. Backcountry Identity and the Proposed Sunrise Powerlink Project. M.A. Thesis, Anthropology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 105 pp.

Middleton, T.J. 2006. Tectonic Geomorphology of the Southern Clark Fault from Anza Southeast to the San Felipe Hills: Implications of Slip Distribution for Recent Past Earthquakes. M.S. Thesis, Geology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 109 pp.

Miller, P.M. 1975. Aboriginal Use of Harper Flat. M.A. Thesis, Social Science, San Diego State University, San Diego, California.

Morley, E.R., Jr. 1963. Geology of the Borrego Mountain Quadrangle and the Western Portion of Shell Reef Quadrangle, San Diego County, California. M.A. Thesis, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. 138 pp.

Nichols, J.D. 1976. An Evaluation of an Arid Environment Utilizing Remote Sensing: the Borrego Valley, California. M.S. Thesis, San Diego State University, California. 84 pp.

Norell, M.A. 1983. Late Neogene Lizards from Anza-Borrego Desert, San Diego County, California. M.S. Thesis, Biology, San Diego State University, California. 199 pp.

Oberbauer, T.A. 1978. Distribution of Dynamics of San Diego County Grasslands. M.S. Thesis, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 120 pp

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Osterholt, W.R.B. 1934. The Origin of the Main Physiographical Features of Borrego Valley. M.S. Thesis, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. 37 pp.

Pappajohn, S. 1980. Description of Neogene Marine Section at Split Mountain, Easternmost San Diego County, California. M.S. Thesis, Geology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 72 pp.

Randall, K.A. 2003. Vertebrate Paleontology and Stratigraphy of the Late Irvingtonian (Pleistocene) Coyote Badlands, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. M.S. Thesis, Geological Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 161 pp.

Read, E.A. 1983. Does Introduced Apis mellifera Affect Pollen Flow in Salvia carduacea? M.A. Thesis, California State University, Fullerton, California. 83 pp.

Reese, E. 2015. Taxonomy and Ecology of the Cactophilic Beetle Carcinops in the Sonoran Desert. M.S. Thesis, Biology, University of California, San Diego, California. 40 pp.

Sanchez, J.E. 1988. Decline of the Carrizo Canyon Peninsular Desert Bighorn Population. M.S. thesis, Wildlife Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM. 81 pp.

Schultz, J. 2006. Invasive Tamarisk in the Sentenac Cienega. Master of Preventative Veterinary Medicine Thesis, Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.

Sentianin, B.A. 1989. Petrology and Provenance of Sandstones in the Pleistocene Borrego Formation, Salton Basin, California. M.S. Thesis, Geology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 79 pp.

Shepherd, T.M. 2004. Analysis of Intraspecific Variation within the Summer Tanager (Piranga rubra), Including a Population-level Study of P. r. cooperi. M.S. Thesis, Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 51 pp.

Sherwood, L.E. 1983. An Interagency Analysis of Wilderness Management Methods and Concerns at Four Southern California Wilderness Areas. M.A. Thesis, Geography, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 265 pp.

Silverstein, R.P. 2004. The Dispersal of Seeds by Coyotes, Canis latrans. M.S. Thesis, Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California.

Smith, C. 2016. Comparative SEM Analysis of Quartz Microtextures on Fluvial Sand from End-Member Climate Systems. M.S. Thesis, ConocoPhillips School of Geology and Geophysics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma. 107 pp.

Sorensen, N.S. 1993. Arid Land Revegetation: Effects of Treeshelters and Irrigation on Establishment of Three Shrubs with Emphasis on the Physiological Ecology of Larrea divaricata. M.S. Thesis, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 138 pp.

Stinson, A.L. 1990. Structural Deformation within the Pinyon Mountains, San Diego County, California. M.S. Thesis, Geology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 133 pp.

Strand, C.L. 1980. Pre-1900 Earthquakes of Baja California and San Diego County. M.S. Thesis, Geology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 320 pp.

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Stump, T.E. 1975. Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Imperial Formation in the Western Colorado Desert. M.S. Thesis, Geology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 128 pp.

Torzynski, C.A. 1990. Geomorphic Response of Pinyon Wash to Recent Fluctuations in Precipitation, Eastern San Diego County, California. M.S. Thesis, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois. 118 pp.

Tratz, W.M. 1978. Postfire Vegetational Recovery, Productivity, and Herbivore Utilization of a Chaparral-Desert Ecotone. M.S. Thesis, California State University, Los Angeles, California. 133 pp.

Vickers, T.W. 2007. Human Attitudes Towards Mountain Lions. Master of Preventive Veterinary Medicine Thesis, Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.

Wade, S.A. 2004. Kumeyaay and Paipai Pottery as Evidence of Cultural Adaptation and Persistence in Alta and Baja California. M.A. Thesis, History, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 119 pp.

Waresak, S.R. 2016. Cyclically-Forced Hyperpycnites of the Ancient Colorado River Proximal Prodelta. M.S. Thesis, Geology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California. 115 pp.

Waters, M.R. 1980. Lake Cahuilla: Late Quaternary Lacustrine History of the Salton Trough, California. M.S. Thesis, Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona. 74 pp.

Weismeyer, A.L., Jr. 1968. Geology of the Northern Portions of the Seventeen Palms and Font’s Point Quadrangles, Imperial and San Diego Counties, California. M.S. Thesis, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. 63 pp.

Whearty, J.J. 2014. Incipient Pulverization at Shallow Depths along the San Jacinto Fault, Southern California. M.S. Thesis, Geology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California.

Williams, B.R. 2008. Song of the Costa’s Hummingbird, Calypte costae. M.S. Thesis, Biology, California State University, Fullerton, California. 59 pp.

Yatskievych, G.A. 1982. A Taxonomic Study of the Lennoaceae. M.S. Thesis, Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.

Senior Theses

Dice, J.C. 1980. Sexual Dimorphism, Relative Seed Fertility, and Gynodioecism in Mammillaria dioica (Cactaceae). Senior Investigation and Report, Botany 490B, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 25 pp.

Kroll, K.A. 2008. Structural Analysis of the Borrego Springs Shear Zone, Imperial County (sic), California. Senior Thesis, Geological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California. 51 pp.

Ledesma, D.T. 2017. A New Classification of a Pliocene Fossil Lizard (Anguidae: Gerrhonotinae) from Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. Thesis, B.S. with special honors in Geological Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas. 133 pp.

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Mellen, R. 2016. Multiple Queens versus Multiple Mates: A Test of the Polygyny/Polyandry Tradeoff Hypothesis in the Ant Veromessor pergandei. University of Vermont Honors College Senior Thesis. Burlington, Vermont. 29 pp.

Pepin, J.D. 2011. Geology of Hawk Canyon, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California. Senior Thesis, Geological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California. 46 pp.

Sunset from ridge above Steele/Burnand Anza-Borrego Desert Research Center – Photo by Joseph Brown

In an 1830’s letter written to Alphonse de Candolle, the French- Swiss botanist, Thomas Coulter described the Colorado Desert region as “truly the Kingdom of Desolation.”

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“This is the desert. There’s nothing out here. Nothing.”

– Nina Karaavasiles, Sculptress, Public Artist (plaque installed on monument alongside Highway S-2 at southern entrance to Anza-Borrego Desert State Park at San Diego/Imperial County line

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