PV-Implementation in Valby and Copenhagen
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PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen Peder Vejsig Pedersen, Director, M.Sc Cenergia Energy Consultants Herlev Hovedgade 195, 2730 Herlev, Denmark Tlf.: +45 44 66 00 99, mobile: +45 20 46 67 55, e-mail: [email protected], www.cenergia.dk. GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen Cenergia has worked with solar energy integration and low energy building for 30 years GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen In year 2000 the Valby PV plan was launched introducing 30 MWp PV (300.000 m²) aiming at 15% BIPV for electricity use in year 2025. GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen An important background of the PV implementation plan in Valby was to ensure that PV would be a positive element in the city development www.solivalby.dk GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen Valby PV plan aiming at 15 % solar electricity by 2025 GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen A positive peak sharing effect of the Valby PV plan. GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen The ideas of the Valby PV plan was transferred to the whole of Copenhagen by establishment of the Solar City Copenhagen organisation in 2004 (www.solarcitycopenhagen.dk). Relevant publications include: PV & Architecture (2006) and Energy & Architecture (2012) GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen Valby School in Copenhagen with BIPV ( Building Integrated Photo Voltaic ) GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen Development of zero energy test house in Denmark in 2003, which was exhibited in Valby. GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen SOLTAG – In 2005 the prefabricated roof top In the drawing is shown a 2. apartment SOLTAG was realised as a zero generation SOLTAG zero energy energy building in a cooperation between housing unit developed in Cenergia, Kuben Management, Rubow cooperation with MTHøjgaard Architects and VELUX Contractors (www.soltag.net) GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen With the improved demands in the EU building directive from 2010 aiming at a nearly zero energy standard for new build already from 2018 in public buildings and in 2020 for all buildings together with demands towards the EU member states to create a similar standard for existing buildings, it is now a challenge to create a whole new basis of energy efficient building design in Europe and show how local use of renewable energy can be part of the solution. GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen Danish energy frames values Energy frame values for Energy frame values for other 01.01.2011 dwellings and similar buildings buildings (A is the heated area) (A is the heated area) Standard frame 2010 52,5 + 1650/A kWh/m2/year 71,3 + 1650/A kWh/m2/year Standard frame 2015 (optional low energy class 30 + 1000/A kWh/m2/year 41 + 1000/A kWh/m2/year 2015) Standard frame 2020 (optional low energy class 20 kWh/m2/year 25 kWh/m2/year 2020) Expected standard 2025 0 kWh/m2/year 0 kWh/m2/year Zero Energy Buildings GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen At the same time the city of Copenhagen has an ambition to become the first carbon neutral capital in 2025. Due to this it is now accepted to have PV integration towards street areas. Extensive retrofitting of buildings, reorganisation of the energy supply and change in transport habits are some of many initiatives the City of Copenhagen will implement in order to become carbon neutral by 2025. With the climate plan, the Danish capital combines growth, development and higher quality of life with a reduction in Carbon emissions of around 1.16 million tons. GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen The EU-Concerto project, Green Solar Cities (www.greensolarcities.com) have since 2007 included a cooperation between Valby in Copenhagen and Salzburg in Austria. EU funding is here utilised as a strong support for the large scale PV implementation plan in Valby. GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen Photo: Rune Sune Berg By 2013 around 4 MWp PV has been established. At the same time a number of new building and housing renovation projects has improved their energy frame values by 30 – 79% compared to normal practice. GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen EU-Concerto, Green Solar Cities in Valby, Existing Heat + electricity Danish national energy frame value Copenhagen Best sheet information Energy use in kWh/m², year General EU- Demon- Actual Improvement Actual Demon- Concerto Improve national Concerto stration national (%) building stration specifications - standard 2008 annex project standard regulations Project ment actual Actual (%) standard standard 1. New build a) Karensminde (BR06) 78 55 58/54/51(54) 78 31 101 56/50/48 77.5 49 housing b) Ny Ellebjerg (BR10) 78 55 38.9 58 33 66 35.6 77.5 46 2. New build elderly a) Dr. Ingrids Hjem 78 55 43 92.5 46 112 63 77.5 44 housing (BR08) b) Langgadehus (BR06) 78 55 92.9 139.2 33 148.5 101.9 77.5 31 3. Roof top Langgadehus family 78 38.5 32.5 83.5 61 101 33.5 58 67 dwellings housing (BR06) 4. Retrofit housing a) Hornemanns Vænge 178 54.5 46 155 70 212 52 67 75 (existing) (existing) b) Gl. Jernbanevej 4-6 178 54.5 46.5 155 70 212 59.3 67 75 (existing) (existing) 5. Public building a) Teglholm/Sydhavn 112 71 38.9 84 46 95.2 35.6 120.5 63 school (BR10) b) Lykkebo school / 112 71 91.7 133 31 188 131 120.5 31 sports building (BR08) c) Henkel II (BR08) 112 71 26.7 112 76 95.3 66.6 120.5 30 6. Water cultural 188 107 33.8 188 82 218 45.2 122 79 (BR08) house Valby Table 1 Overview of EU Concerto – Green Solar Cities individual demonstration projects in Valby in relation to overall energy savings and energy frame values shown as they are realised and compared to original expectations. The conclusion is that it has been possible to obtain clearly improved energy saving results as a general rule. GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen Concerning the PV installation at “Damhusåen” waste water treatment plant in Valby, there are huge prospects of the here used approach since waste water treatment plants use 8% of all electricity use in Denmark and even more of electricity use in Valby. GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen The 777 kWp PV system cover an area of approx. 14,000 m² of secured landfill with a built-in liner below the grass. This land cannot be used for anything for many years due to pollution from resides of the waste water. GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen PV integration in relation to new tile roofs in Valby ( Lystoftegård). A much better BIPV solution could be used. GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen Block 5, 7.20 kWp Block 6, 7.92 kWp Preliminary work, block 5 Preliminary work, block 6 Block 7 Staging PV implementation in Valby, Stakhaven GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen At Karensminde in the Concerto area 30 kWp PV was introduced for low cost housing GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen At Hornemanns Vænge in Valby, housing retrofit includes use of 60 m² PV and 60 m² solar thermal collectors for each of 6 housing blocks GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen At Langgadehus in Valby a 200 m² solar thermal system has been introduced. GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen Example of solar thermal collector integration by Danish BPS Standard. GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen Illustrations of integration of solar thermal collectors according to the BPS rules from 1990s, leading to a very secure and nice integration in practice. The same approach can be used for BIPV in e.g. tile roofs. GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen Sjælør S-train station in Valby GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen PV balconies in Folehaven in Valby GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen 30 smaller PV projects were also supported by Concerto in Valby GREEN SOLAR CITIES – EU Concerto project meeting, Salzburg 16-17 April 2013 PV-implementation in Valby and Copenhagen PV-ventilation systems has been introduced in Valby and Copenhagen.