Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants

Small scale biomass co-generation Danish experience and perspective IDA workshop October 7. 2010

Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Energy Agency

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants

DK Follow-up programme

• Started 1993 continued to 2005 on full load. • Process-, fuel-, energy-, environment-, waste water-, ash-, chemical- and economy analysis • Monthly data collection • Continues reporting. • Task group

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants

Biomass fuel for CHP

Amager 1 25,0 Amager 2 Avedøre 2 Ensted Masnedø Måbjerg 20,0 Studstup 3 Studstup 4 Sakskøbing 15,0 Rudkøbing

PJ Haslev Skive 10,0 Weiss Dalum papir Græsted 5,0 Assens Hjordkær Østkraft 6 Harboøre Novopan 0,0 Junckers tot 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants Fundamental consideration

• Saving – reduced consumption

• Efficiency – reduced consumption

• Renewable energy – reorganize production

• Long term - Biomass become only carbon resources.

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants Unique Danish position Consumption <=> Production

• National power grid – partly storable • National natural gas grid – partly storable • Local district heating – storable

• Transport of fuel / product - storable

• Information transport – storable

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants

Power loss in grid

Low voltage grid

High voltage grid

Source Miljørapport 2009, Baggrundsrapport, Energinet.dk Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants

Heat demand

600

500

Heat demand

400 One engine Two engines Max. heat 300

200 Average heat demand

100

0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

No. of days

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants

Heat consumption 2005 100%

90% 0,8 MW 80% 5 MW 10 MW 70%

60%

50% basis load 40%

30%

20%

10%

0% r r il j r r e a rts r a juli e e ru a p m juni b b b b a m to m mber januar e m k e e f august o v epte o s n dec

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants

Running hours 2005 800 Gasification 700 600 500 Steam plant 400 300 0,8 MW 200 5 MW 100 10 MW 0 j i r ril a n t r p u juli us e rua a m j g b b marts u ktober januar fe a tember o ep s november decem

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants Operation hours in 2005

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants

Power efficiency in 2005

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants

Power consumption in 2005

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants

Rudkøbing 2,3 MW steam in 2005

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants

Steam Plant. Straw Gasification Plant. Wood Plant Investment Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants Key no. and Plant Investment

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants DK Follow-up programme

Some results: • Combustion : fuel- and ash handling. Plant guarantee. Plant consumption – cut down. • Gasification : Tar- and dust measurement. Guarantee for engine. Basis research. • Common : Standard for fuel. Standard for preforment test.

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants How to make success • Secure delivery of homogeneous fuel • Step by step – don’t do every thing at same time • Development takes time – often more than 10 years for new technology • National network of developer and supplier • New plant don’t work • The staff at the plant • Long term program and a lot of money

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen Danish Follow-up Programme for Solid Biomass CHP Plants

Development of Straw Fired CHP Plants

600

BIOAVV2 310 bar 550

W oodchip M aribo- M asnedø fired Sakskøbing 500 92 bar superheater 92 bar N-gas superheater E V3 Bio 450 216 bar Rudkøbing 60 bar Haslev Slagelse 67 bar 65 bar 400 Måbjerg 67 bar Steam temperature (°C) 350 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 Year of construction

Energy Supply, Bioenergy, Civ. Ing. Henrik Flyver Christiansen