Department of International Relations University of Karachi Self

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Department of International Relations University of Karachi

______

Self-Assessment Report BS Programmeme 2012

Submitted to

Quality Enhancement Cell, University of Karachi

ASSESSMENT TEAM

Prof. Dr. Shaista Tabassum Chairperson, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi

Dr. Farhan Hanif Siddiqui Assistant Professor Department of International Relations , University of Karachi

PROGRAMMEME TEAM MEMBERS

Ms. Nausheen Wasi Assistant Professor Department of International Relations , University of Karachi

Mr. M. Faisal Awan Lecturer Department of International Relations , University of Karachi

1 CONTENTS Criterion 1 - Programme Mission, Objectives and Outcomes Page # Introduction 4 Standard 1 -1 Programme Mission and Objectives 6 Standard 1-2 Programme Outcomes 7 Standard 1-3 Overall Performance Using Quantifiable Measures 7

Standard 1-4 Students Enrolment 8

Criterion 2- Curriculum Design and Organization Page # Programme of studies offered 10 Standard 2 -1 Correlation of Courses with Objectives 13 Standard 2-2 Theory, Problem Analysis/ Solution and Design in 13 Programme Standard 2-3 Mathematics & Basic Sciences Requirements 13 Standard 2-4 Major requirements as specified by Acceleration Body 13 Standard 2-5 Maths and Basic Sciences, Engineering Topics, General 13 Education. Standard 2-6 Information Technology Content Integration Throughout 13 the Programme Standard 2-7 Communication Skills (Oral & Written) 14

Criterion 3- Laboratories and Computing Facilities Page # Laboratory and Computing Facilities Standard 3-1 Lab Manuals/ Documentation / Instructions 16 Standard 3-2 Adequate Support Personnel for labs 16 Standard 3-3 Adequate computing infrastructure and facilities 16

Criterion 4 Student Support and Advising Page # Standard 4-1 Effective Faculty / Student Interaction 18 Standard 4-2 Professional Advising and Counseling 18 Standard 4 -3 Professional Advising and Counseling 18

Criterion 5- Process Control Page # Standard 5-1 Admission Process 20 Standard 5-2 Registration and Student 20 Standard 5-3 Faculty Recruitment and Retention Process 20 Standard 5-4 Effective Teaching and Learning Process 22 Standard 5-5 Programme requirements completion process 22

Criterion 6- Faculty Page # Standard 6-1 Programme Faculty Qualifications and Number 24 Standard 6-2 Current Faculty, Scholarly activities and development 24 Standard 6-3 Faculty motivation and Job satisfaction 24

Criterion 7- Institutional Facilities Page # Standard 7-1 New Trends in Learning 26 Standard 7-2 Library Collections & Staff 26 Standard 7 -3 Class rooms & Offices Adequacy 26

Criterion 8- Institutional Support Page # Standard 8-1 Support & Financial Resources 28 Standard 8-2 Number & Quality of GSs, RAs, & Ph.D. Students 28 Standard 8-3 Financial Support for Library, Labs & Computing Facilities 28

Faculty CVs & SURVEYS RESULTS Page # Courses Details 29

Faculty Cvs 103 Surveys Results 156

3 INTRODUCTION

The Department of International Relations is the oldest Department in the field of International Relations in Pakistan. It was established in 1958 and has the honor of offering Honors, Master's, M.Phil, M.S and Ph.D. programmes. Prior to its formation, the Department was under General History Department and Professor Dr. Mahmud Hussain was its founding Chairman. Dr. Muhammed Ahsen Chaudhry succeeded Dr. Mahmud Hussain as the Chairman of the Department. He was followed by Dr. Ahmed Abdul Kadeer, Dr. Mujtaba Razvi, Professor Shameem Akhtar, Professor Talat A. Wizarat, Professor Syed Sikander Mehdi, Professor Khalida Ghous and Professor Dr. Moonis Ahmar. Professor Shaista Tabassum is the current Chairperson of the Department. The Department has a faculty of 11 full time teachers who have continuously been working to meet perfection in the ever changing and challenging field of international politics. It has around 600 students at the undergraduate and graduate level in both Morning and Evening shifts. The Department offers a plenty of facilities to its students those help them in their studies. It has a Library with valuable stock of books with periodical new arrivals, archives, current journals and newspapers. A Computer Lab is established in the Department with the financial assistance of Hans Siedal Foundation, Islamabad that is equipped with fast running computer with efficient internet facilities. The Department organizes fortnight lectures of eminent resident and foreign scholars and has set up a Conference Room for that purpose which has the space to accommodate one hundred people.

Being the oldest Department in the country, our mission is to take the leading role in the understanding of the field of International Relations and be the symbol of excellence attracting students, scholars, policymakers and the related institutions. The Department aspires to forge constructive partnerships with its fellow Departments and research institutes within and outside the country.

Since its inception, the Department of International Relations has been active in organizing seminars, conferences and workshops. A number of books have also been published under the Department and several Research Projects funded by foreign foundations and Research Facility Centre, University of Karachi have been completed and are presently being run by its faculty members. The process of organizing programmes, collaborative research and publications in the Department got an impetus in the decade of 1990s. The Department’s faculty is known for its hard work and for its efforts to meet international standards. It continuously participates in national and international academic programmes and diligently pursues Ph. D and post doctoral research. Six out of its eleven faculty members have foreign master’s degrees and three have pursued post doctoral studies abroad. The faculty has regular presence in electronic media and contributes to enhance knowledge of local and international politics in the society. The growing number of passed out students from the Department are efficiently working at prestigious positions in the country those include print and electronic media, NGOs, academics, research organizations, international donor agencies, and foreign services.

Prof. Dr. Shaista Tabassum Chairperson, Department of International Relations University of Karachi.

CRITERION-1

PROGRAMME MISSION, OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES

5 Criterion-1 Programme Mission, Objectives and Outcome

Standard 1-1. Mission of the BS Programmeme

The Programmeme Mission is to enable the graduates to understand and analyze the politics of the world and articulate their thoughts properly. The Programmeme aims at producing the policy making skills in the students so that they can serve the related institutions in the country well and bring about the qualitative change in their respective areas.

Aims and Objectives

1. To develop analytical and critical thinking among the students of International Relations. 2. To provide basic knowledge about the emergence of International Relations as a field of study and to study the key historical, conceptual and theoretical dimensions which influence IR in the contemporary world. 3. To discuss in depth different fields of IR with reference to various inter-disciplinary approaches. 4. To enhance the level of students in research.

Table: Programme Objectives Assessment

S. Objectives How Measured When Improvement Improvement * No. Measured Identified Made Students develop a deep More time for 1. knowledge of concepts Students Course 2012 could be Evaluation and theories in developed if

International Relations. nmber of students Graduating in each class is Students Survey restricted to 50 to 60 2012 2 Students' capacity to Students Course Teachers be made come up with fresh and Evaluation more focused original ideas and critique through proper contemporary ideas is check and balance enhanced system Students' learn to express 2012 3 their thoughts in an Students Course More interactive Evaluation sessions be eloquent way on local and organized international politics Teachers Evaluation Student's learn to specify Graduating 2012 4 and specialize in their Students Survey Eiher to make research work respective theoretical and optional or empirical fields of interest introduce course and take an independent 651 in BS 1 st year initiative.

* Implementation Plan is under process.

6 Standard 1-2. Programmeme Outcomes

1. Students develop a demonstrable knowledge regarding concepts and theories of International Relations. 2. Students develop a demonstrable knowledge regarding different regions and areas of the world. 3. Students' research capabilities are enhanced and their writing skills developed helping them in formulating their opinions in a confident manner.

Standard 1-3: The results of programme’s assessment and the extent to which they are used improve the programme must be documented.

Strengths and Weaknesses of the Programmeme

Strengths

• It is a 4 year programmeme that gives enough time space to an individual to develop himself. • More intensive courses have been introduced. • Two science subjects have been incorporated. • Training workshops, seminars and lectures are organized to give varied exposure to the students. • The Library has a good stock of books and Journals. • The computer Lab gives students access to the valuable libraries of the world. • Foreign faculty often gives training to students. • Field trips are organized periodically to shrpen students observation and analytical skills.

Weaknesses

• Number of students is too large. • There is space and infrastructure shortage. The department has only three class rooms, its Library can only accommodate 50 students at a time and the Computer lab is only equipped with 15 computers against the strength of 600 students. • Faculty-student ratio is uneven (In one course there are more than 140 students) • The students enrolled most of the time are not at par with the required skills. • Although the Library subscribes to 15 journals and books stock is increasing, proper reading facilities are not available. There is a huge capacity gap. Against the requirement of 190 students enrolled in one course there is only one reference book is available. Furthermore, there is no space in library to keep the old record.

7 Standard 1-4: The department must assess its overall performance periodically. a) Student Enrolment:

S.No CLASS NO OF STUDENTS

01 BS FIRST YEAR 93

02 BS SECOND YEAR 90

03 BS THIRD YEAR 83

04 BS FOURTH YEAR & M.A. PREVIOUS 170 b) i- The minimum student grade point (CGPA)

ii- The average student grade point (CGPA)

c) Research and Publications C.Vs of the Faculty members is enclosed.

CRITERION-2

CURRICULUM DESIGN AND ORGANIZATION

9 Criterion-2 Curriculum Design and Organization

Programme of Studies offered

Since 2007, the department has introduced BS Four year programmeme and MS Two year programmeme from 2008. The former Honours and Masters programmeme has been closed.

Semester wise Courses (syllabus) for BS COMPULSORY CORE COURSES IN BS FIRST YEAR:

COURSE TITLE COURSE NO CREDIT HOURS

Islamiat 3

Pakistan Studies 3

DEPARTMENTAL COURSES IN BS FIRST YEAR: YEAR COURSE TITLE COURSE NO CREDIT HOURS First Year (Hons.) Introduction to International Relations 311 3 First Semester First Year (Subs.) Introduction to International Relations 301 3 First Semester First Year (Hons.) Global Issues In International Relations 312 3 Second Semester First Year (Subs.) Global Issues in International Relations 302 3 Second Semester

COMPULSORY CORE COURSES IN BS SECOND YEAR: COURSE TITLE COURSE NO CREDIT HOURS English 3 Urdu 3

DEPARTMENTAL COURSES IN BS SECOND YEAR: YEAR COURSE TITLE COURSE NO CREDIT HOURS Second Year (Hons.) Social Change and 411 3 First Semester Development Studies

Second Year (Subs.) Social Change and 401 3 First Semester Development Studies

Second Year (Hons.) Diplomacy 412 3 Second Semester Second Year (Subs.) Diplomacy 402 3 Second Semester Second Year (Hons.) Comparative Politics- I 421 3 First Semester

Second Year (Hons.) Second Comparative Politics-II 422 3 Semester

10 DEPARTMENTAL COURSE BS THIRD YEAR : YEAR COURSE TITLE COURSE NO CREDIT HOURS Third Year Concepts and Principles of 511 3 First Semester International Relations- I Third Year Concepts and Principles of 512 3 Second Semester International Relations- II Third Year International Law- I 521 3 First Semester Third Year International Law- II 522 3 Second Semester Third Year International Organization 531 3 First Semester

Third Year Conflict Resolution and Crisis 532 3 Second Semester Management

Third Year Diplomatic History of Europe, 541 3 First Semester 1789-1939 Third Year Political Geography 542 3 Second Semester Third Year Foreign Policy Analysis 551 3 First Semester Third Year Foreign Policy of Pakistan 552 3 Second Semester

DEPARTMENTAL COMPULSORY COURSES IN BS FOURTH YEAR: YEAR COURSE TITLE COURSE NO CREDIT HOURS Fourth Year International Political Economy 611 3 First Semester Fourth Year Contemporary International 612 3 Second Semester Politics Fourth Year Strategic Studies 621 3 First Semester Fourth Year Science, Technology and 622 3 Second Semester International Relations Fourth Year Research Methodology 651 3 First Semester Fourth Year Research Report 652 3 Second Semester

AREA STUDY COURSES (OPTIONAL) BS FOURTH YEAR: YEAR COURSE TITLE COURSE NO CREDIT HOURS Fourth Year West Asia and the Arab World- I 631- A 3 First Semester Fourth Year West Asian and the Arab World- II 632- A 3 Second Semester Fourth Year Northeast Asia 631- B 3 First Semester Fourth Year Southeast Asia 632- B 3 Second Semester

11 Fourth Year South Asia- I 631- C 3 First Semester

Fourth Year South Asia- II 632- C 3 Second Semester

Fourth Year African Studies-I 631- D 3 First Semester Fourth Year African Studies- II 632- D 3 Second Semester Fourth Year North American Studies 631- E 3 First Semester Fourth Year Russian and Central Asian Studies 632- E 3 Second Semester

Fourth Year European Studies- I 631- F 3 First Semester

Fourth Year European Studies- II 632- F 3 Second Semester

CONCEPTUAL COURSS (OPTIONAL) IN BS FOURTH YEAR: YEAR COURSE TITLE COURSE NO CREDIT HOURS Fourth Year Human Rights 641- A 3 First Semester Fourth Year Human Rights 642- A 3 Second Semester Fourth Year Peace Research and Peace 641- B 3 First Semester Movements Fourth Year Refugee and Migration Studies 642- B 3 Second Semester Fourth Year Environment and International 641- C 3 First Semester Relations

Fourth Year Environment and International 642- C 3 Second Semester Relations

Fourth Year Role of Confidence Building First Semester Measures 641- D 3 Fourth Year Arms Control and Disarmament 642- D 3 Second Semester

12 Standard 2-1: The Curriculum must be consistent and support the programme’s documented objectives (BS programmeme) Courses Programme’s Objectives

1 2 3 4

Major Courses 301, 302, 311, 311, 312, 521, 622, 401, 312, 412, 551 312, 511, 512, 531, 541, 551 411 611, 612, 621 Elective Courses 631, 632, 641, 642

652 Thesis/Dissertation Course numbers indicate fulfillment of programme me objectives.

Standard 2-2: Theoretical background, problem analysis and solution design must be stressed within the programme’s core material.

The following table indicates the elements covered in core courses:

Elements Name/ No. of Courses i) Theoretical Background All Courses are based on classical and modern theories of Sociology Course No. ( 511,541,551,512,532,542,611,621) ii) Problem Analysis -

iii) Solution Design Research work and visits of organizations help solution design. Standard 2-3: The curriculum must satisfy the core requirements for the programme, as specified by the respective accreditation body & Standard 2-4: The curriculum must satisfy the major requirements for the programme, as specified by the respective accreditation body/council.

The Department follows the programme approved by the bodies including academic council.

Standard 2-5: The curriculum must satisfy the general education, arts and other discipline requirements for the programme as specified by the accreditation body.

The Department follows the programme approved by the bodies including academic council. Standard 2-6: Information technology component of the curriculum must be integrated throughout the programme.

Course 622: Science , Technology & International Relations

13 Standard 2-7: Oral and written communication skills of the student must be developed and applied in the programme. • Communication Skills, • workshops are held periodically • Term papers are compulsory .

CRITERION-3

LABORATORY AND COMPUTING FACILITIES

15 CITERION-3: Laboratory and Computing Facilities Standard 3-1: Laboratory manuals/ documentation instruction for experiments must be available and readily accessible to faculty and students Relevant documents are available.

Library The seminar library of the International Relations Department caters to the needs of the students as well as the faculty. The seminar library has more than 3000 books on various topics, besides this the library also subscribes to 15 research journals. The timings of the library are from 9 am to 5 pm.

The Computer Lab The Computer Lab of the International Relationals Department has been setup with the assistance of the Ford Foundation's project "Peace by Process". The lab houses more than 10 pcs connected via a network to the main server. All pcs have an internet connection via the LAN. All the pcs have multimedia accessories and lazer printers. The timings of the computer lab are 9 am to 3 pm. Internet browsing is free to all the faculty members and research assistants.

Available Data The Department of International Relations has an extensive data of events shaping up in different parts of the world. The data is in the form of chronologies. The chronologies can be downloaded from the Ford Foundation project website at www.irdford.edu.pk. in the form of MS Word documents.

Standard 3-2: There must be adequate support personnel for instruction and maintaining the laboratories A lab attendant is available to look after the lab.

Standard 3-3: The University computing infrastructure and facilities must be adequate to support programme’s objectives i) Computing Facilities Available ii) Multimedia Available iii) Website The department has its own website i.e. http://www.kuird.org and is fully operational.. iv) Internet Internet facility and a connection with main communication network of the University are available.

CRITERION-4

STUDENT SUPPORT AND ADVISING

17 Criterion-4 Student Support and Advising

Students of the department of International Relations have adequate support to complete the programme in time and have ample opportunity to interact with their teachers of respective courses and receive timely advice about programme requirements and career development.

Standard 4-1: Courses must have been offered with sufficient frequency and number for students to complete the programme in a timely manner.

Department’s Strategy for Course Offering

The department offers courses for BS four years and MS two years after 16 years of education.

The time table is strictly followed to complete the programme well in time.

Programme Classes per Week Practical Classes per Research Guidance Week BS 18 - 3

Standard 4-2: Course in the major must be structured to ensure effective interaction between students, faculty and teaching assistants.

As per specialization of the teacher. (Course allocation is made in the meeting of the faculty members.)

Standard 4-3: Guidance on how to complete the programme must be available to all students and access to academic advising must be available to make course decisions and career choices

• The Chairperson of the department nominates a faculty member as ‘Students Advisor’ who is available to all students for course decision and career choices. The student advisor and the Chairperson help the students in providing information to the students who have recently passed out about the career opportunities available for them.Besides, the department’s assistance, the University also has a programmeme of Guidance and Councelling for the students. • By providing facilities to the recruiting companies for on-campus recruiting. • The Chairperson places on the Notice Board the opportunities regarding membership in technical and professional societies.

CRITERION-5

PROCESS CONTROL

19 Standard 5-1: ADMISSION PROCESS

Eligibilit y

As per approved by the Academic Council.

EVALUATION & GRADING SYSTEM:

As per University rules.

Rules Concerning the Promotion and Repetition As per University rules.

Standard 5-2: The process by which students are registered in the programme and monitoring of students progress to ensure timely completion of the programme must be documented. This process must be periodically evaluated to ensure that it is meeting its objectives.

The Central Admission Committee admits the students as eligibility criteria.

Standard 5-3: The process of recruiting and retaining highly qualified faculty members must be in place and clearly documented. Also processes and procedures for faculty evaluation, promotion must be consistent with institutional mission statement. These processes must be periodically evaluated to ensure that it is meeting with its objectives.

HEC rules with approval by the University Syndicate are applied for appointment.

Appointments/ Promotion Procedure

Basic Pay Scale (BPS)

Appointments are based on HEC rules given below. a. Lecturer (BPS- 18):

Minimum Qualification

Master’s Degree (first Class) in the relevant field with no 3 rd division in the Academic Career from HEC recognized University/Institution. During the next two years (i.e. until June 30 th , 2008) if no candidate is available without 3 rd division in the academic record, then the University may forward the case for appointment of a selected candidate to the HEC for consideration and approval. No experience required

20 b. Assistant Professor (BPS- 19): Minimum Qualification Ph.D. in the relevant field from HEC recognized University/Institution, No experience required. OR Master’s Degree (foreign) or M.Sc (Hons). (Pakistan) in the relevant field from HEC recognized University/Institutions, with 4 years teaching/research experience in a recognized university or a post-graduate Institution .

c. Associate Professor (BPS- 20) Minimum Qualification Ph.D. in relevant field from HEC recognized University / Institution. Experience 10-years teaching / research in HEC recognized University or a post-graduate Institution or professional experience in the relevant field in a National or International Organization. OR 5-years post Ph.D. teaching/research experience in HEC recognized University or a post-graduate Institution or professional experience in the relevant field in a National or International Organization. Minimum Number of Publications 8 research publications (with at least 2 publications in last 5 years) in internationally abstract Journals recognized by the HEC. d. Professor (BPS-21) Minimum Qualification Ph.D. from HEC recognized Institution in relevant field. Experience 15-years teaching / research experience in HEC recognized University or post-graduate Institution or professional experience in the relevant field in a National or International Organization. OR 10-years post-Ph.D teaching/research experience in a recognized University or a post post- graduate Institution or professional experience in the relevant field in a National or International Organization.

Minimum Number of Publications 12 research publications in internationally abstracted Journals recognized by the HEC.

Bases for Appointments / Promotions Four main areas where a candidate is evaluated for Tenure Track Scheme; • Teaching • Research • Service

21 • Personal Characteristics

General Criteria for Appointment on TTS All faculty members in any discipline are eligible to apply for appointment provided they fulfill the following minimum eligibility conditions; a. Assistant Professor Minimum Qualification PhD from a recognized University with excellent communication/presentation skills. b. Associate Professor Minimum Qualification PhD with 6 years post - PhD teaching / research experience in a recognized University. Minimum Number of Publications 10 research articles published in journals having impact factor. c. Professor: Minimum Qualification PhD with 11 years post-PhD teaching / research experience from a recognized University.

Minimum Number of Publications: 15 research articles published in journals having impact factor.

Faculty Evaluation Process University rules are adopted.

Standard 5-4: The process and procedure used to ensure that teaching and delivery of course material to the students emphasizes active learning and that course learning outcomes are met. The process must be periodically evaluated to ensure that it is meeting its objectives.

1. Process to ensure teaching and delivery of course material: a. Time table is strictly followed by all faculty members b. Chairperson of the department frequently gets feed back from the students during the semester.

Standard 5-5: The process that ensures that graduates have completed the requirements of the programme must be based on standards, effective and clearly documented procedures. This process must be periodically evaluated to ensure that it is meeting its objectives.

a) The department ensures that the graduates are punctual and fulfil the attendance requirement i.e. 75%.

CRITERION-6

FACULTY

23 Criterion-6 Faculty

Faculty members of the department of International Relations are active in teaching and research and have the necessary technical depth to support the programme. Teachers attempt to cover the curriculum adequately and in case of need hold extra classes.

Standard 6-1: There must be enough full time faculty who are committed to the programme to provide adequate coverage of the programme areas / courses with continuity and stability. The interest of all faculty members must be sufficient to teach all courses, plan, modify and update courses. The majority must hold a Ph.D. degree in the discipline. The department of International Relations is currently having the services of 11 full time and 2 part-time teachers. All are qualified to teach BS and MS Courses.

Standard 6-2: All faculty members must remain current in the discipline and sufficient time must be provided for scholarly activities and professional development. Also, effective programmes for faculty development must be in place.

a) Faculty members of department of International Relations are considered current in the discipline based on the following criteria: i) All teachers meet the HEC criteria for appointment in the respective cadre. ii) Teachers generally participate in seminars, conferences at National / International levels. iii) Teachers take interest in teaching and involve themselves in research.

b) Faculty development programme at department level

1. University of Karachi has started Faculty Development Programme with the help of HEC. Under this programme non-Ph.D faculty are given opportunities to improve their qualification from technologically advanced countries of the world. Further, Post-Doc facilities will be available to the faculty holding Ph.D degrees. The University also helps to organize professional activities such as workshops, seminars and conferences. Two faculty members of the I.R Department are proceeding for higher studies in 2009.

Standard 6-3: All faculty members should be motivated and have job satisfaction to excel in their profession

To help the faculty of department of International Relations in their progress to excel in their profession, the department and institution has devised the following strategies: i) The department ensure fair, timely selection, appointment/promotion as per HEC criteria ii) Good working environment exists for research on International affairs and policies . iii) Opportunities for foreign training and studies are also made available to the faculty members.

CRITERION-7

INSTITUTIONAL FACILITIES

25 Criterion-7 Institutional Facilities

Institutional facilities, including library, class rooms and offices are not enough to support the objectives of the programme.

Standard 7-1: The Institution must have the infrastructure to support new trends in learning such as E-learning.

Computer and Internet Facility

The Computer Lab of the International Relationals Department has been setup with the assistance of the Ford Foundation's project "Peace by Process". The lab houses more than 10 pcs connected via a network to the main server. All pcs have an internet connection via the LAN. All the pcs have multimedia accessories and lazer printers. The timings of the computer lab are 9 am to 3 pm. Internet browsing is free to all the faculty members and research assistants.

Standard 7-2: The library must possess on up-to-date technical collection relevant to the programme and must be adequately staffed with professional personnel. a) Main Library

Faculty members and students of the department are allowed to use the main library even after normal working hours. The main library provides the following services; i. Course books ii. Digital library having access to journals and E-books

The main Dr. Mahmood Hussain library has a good stock of books on the subject. b) Seminar Library

The seminar library of the International Relations Department caters to the needs of the students as well as the faculty. The seminar library has more than 3000 books on various topics, besides this the library also subscribes to 15 research journals. The timings of the library are from 9 am to 5 pm

Standard 7-3: Class rooms must be adequately equipped and offices must be adequate to enable faculty to carry out their responsibility.

Classrooms

The department has three class rooms with furniture, black board, overhead projectors etc. An office room with necessary facilities is also available.

Faculty Offices

Faculty members have separate rooms. But a very few share rooms with the cooperative teachers and visiting scholars in the Evening shift.

CRITERION-8

INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT

Criterion-8 Institutional Support

The department’s support and the financial resources for the programme is modestly sufficient to provide an environment in which the programme can achieve its objectives and retain its strength.

Standard 8-1: There must be sufficient support and financial resources to attract and retain high quality faculty and provide the means for them to maintain competence as teacher and scholars.

The University authorities generally help the departments to retain qualified faculty members.

Standard 8-2: There must be an adequate number of high quality graduate students, research assistants and Ph.D. Students

The following Table shows the number of students enrolled in each programme of the department.

Year BS MS Total 2007 87 - 87 2008 61 - 61 2009 85 15 100 2010 90 12 102 2011 97 08 105 2012 75/93 07 175

Standard 8-3: Financial resources must be provided to acquire and maintain library holding, laboratories and computing facilities.

The University allocates funds for these facilities but these funds are less than the requirements.

COURSES & SYLLABUS

COURSES & SYLLABUS BS (First Year) Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 301 (Subsidiary) 311 (Honours)

INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Introduction

This course intends to provide basic knowledge about international relations. It exposes students to concepts, theories and emergence of International Relations as a discipline.

Contents

1. The meaning, nature, scope and evolution of International Relations 2. The nature and development of modern State-System 3. Interaction among states: Nationalism, Sovereignty and National Interest. 4. Imperialism, Colonialism, and Neo-Colonialism 5. Approaches/theories to the study of International Relations 6. National Power: Elements of National Power 7. Balance of Power 8. Foreign Policy: Determinants and objectives 9. Domestic dimensions of International Relations 10. Diplomacy 11. Globalization 12. International Law: nature, origin and development 13. Economic aspects of international Relations 14. The concept of war and peace in International Relations 15. New phenomena and concepts in International Relations

Suggested Readings

1. Aaron, Raymond, Peace and War: Theory of International Relations . Melbourne: Kreiger. 1981. 2. Bull, H. & Watson, A., The Expansion of International Society . London: Oxford University Press, 1986. 3. Burchill, Scott, Theories of International Relations (Third edition). Hampshire: Pelgrave/ Macmillan, 2005. 4. Chandra, Puram, Determinants of World Politics . New Delhi: Akanshka, 2004. 5. Chomsky, Noam, Imperial Ambitions: Conversations on Post 9/11 World . New York: Metropolitan, 2005. 6. Colombus, Theodore, Introduction to International Relations: Power and Justice . New York: Prentice Hall, 1992. 7. Frankel, Joseph, International Relations in a Changing World (Fourth edition ). New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.

30 8. Haas, Ernst, B.& Allen, S., Whitting, Dynamics of International Relations. Washington D.C.: Mcgraw-Hill. 9. Holsti, K., T., International Politics: A Framework for Analysis (Seventh edition) . New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. 10. Jackson, Robert & Sorenson, George, Introduction to International Relations: Theories and Approaches . Oxford University Press, 2003. 11. Keylore, William., R., A World of Nations: International Order since 1945 . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. 12. M., Waters, Globalization . London: Routledge, 2000. 13. Modelzki, George , Principles of World Politics . New York: The Free Press, 1972. 14. Morgenthau, Hans, J., Politics among Nations (Seventh edition) . New York: Knopf, 1985. 15. Northedge, F., S., The International Political System . London: Faber and Faber, 1976. 16. Olson, William, C., The Theory and Practice of International Relations . New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1991. 17. Palmer, Norman, D. & Parkings, Haward, C., International Relations . New York: Houghton Miffin Co., 1994. 18. Pipes, Danial, Contemporary International Relations: Framework for Understanding . New York: Macmillan, 1991. 19. Richardson, James, Contending Liberalism in World Politics: Ideology and Power . London: Lynne Rienner, 2001. 20. Smith, Hazel, Democracy and International Relations: Critical Theories, Problematic Practices . Houndmills: Macmillan, 2000. 21. Williams, Phil et al , Classic Readings of International Relations . California: Wadsmorth Publishing Company, 1994. 22. Wright, Quincy, The Study of International Relations. New York: L. Irvington Publications, 1986. 23. Young. J & Kent, John, International Relations since 1945: A Global History . Oxford University Press, 2004. 24. Zeigler, David, War. Peace and International Politics (Sixth edition). Boston: Little Brown and Co, 1993.

BS First Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 302 (Subsidiary) 312 (Honours)

GLOBAL ISSUES IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Introduction

This course aims at introducing the major issues concerning the international relations and their impact on the changing world of global politics. It is designed to generate analytical understanding in students how different intra and inter state issues influence international relations and form the global politics.

Contents

1. Global issues: A theoretical foundation 2. The dynamics of International Order 3. Environment and economic development 4. The issue of terrorism and counter terrorism 5. Poverty, population, culture and health issues 6. Nuclear proliferation and non-proliferation 7. Capitalism and global economy 8. Human rights and International Relations 9. Issues in developing and developed world 10. Changing dynamics of security 11. Issues of conflict and cooperation 12. War and Peace: Its causes & consequences

Suggested Readings

1. Akhund, Iqbal, On Revitalizing the International Order . Maryland: University Press of America, 1983. 2. Bohm, David & Kerishnamurti, The Future of Humanity . San Francisco: Harper & Row 1986. 3. Bull, H., The Anarchical Society . London: Macmillan, 1977. 4. Chomsky, Noam, Imperial Ambitions: Conversations on Post 9/11 world . New York: Metropolitan, 2005. 5. Goldstein, Joshua, International Relations . New York: Harper & Row, 1994. 6. Gould, Carol, Globalizing Democracy and Human Rights . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 7. Halliday, Fred, Rethinking International Relations. London: Macmillan Press, 1994. 8. Kegley, Charles, & Woltkopf, Eugene, R., World Politics: Trends and Transformation. London: Macmillan, 1993. 9. Kennedy, Paul, Preparing for the 21 st Century . London: Fontana Press, 1994. 10. Kennedy, Paul, Rise and Fall of the Great Powers . London: Fontana Press 1994.

32 11. Keylore, William, R., A World of Nations: International Order since 1945 . Oxford: Oxford University press, 2003. 12. Kinnvali, Katrina(ed.), Globalization and Democratization in Asia: The Construction of Identity. London: Routledge, 2002. 13. Laideur, Karl, Heinz, Public Governance in the Age of Globalization . Hants: Ashgate, 2004. 14. Leber, Robert, J., No Common Power . New York: Praeger, 1992. 15. Mcrae, Hamish, The World in 2020: Power, Culture and Prosperity: A Vision of the Future , London: Harper Collins, 1994. 16. Pearson, Frederic, S. & Rocheeter, J., International Relations: The Global Condition in the Late Twentieth Century . New York: St. Martin, 1998. 17. Pinkney, Robert, Democracy in the Third World . New Delhi: Viva Books, 2004. 18. Spanier, Johan, Games Nations Play (Seventh edition) . Washington D.C.: Congressional Quarterly Inc, 1990. 19. Tomuschat, Christina, Human Rights between Idealism and Realism . Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2003. 20. Veil, S., Our Planet, Our Health . Geneva: World Health Organization, 1992. 21. Vogler, John, The Environment and International Relations . London: Routledge, 1996.

33 BS Second Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 401 (Subsidiary) 411 (Honours)

SOCIAL CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Introduction

This course gives a historical and developmental perspective of processes of social change taking place across the world. It tends to introduce the theoretical and conceptual models of social, economic and political development in the modern world.

Contents 1) Concept of Social change in the post-colonial societies 2) Concept of Development in the post-colonial societies a. Development and society b. Industrialization and development 3) Causes of Underdevelopment 4) Terrorism, Violence and society 5) Politics of democracy and making of civil society 6) Political culture and Transitional societies 7) Ideology, Leadership and Political Institutions 8) Movements for Political and social change 9) Globalization and its impact on state and society 10) War and Peace in the World Today 11) Science and Technology: Lessons for developmental policy

Suggested Readings

Recommended Books 1) Boggs, Carl. The Socialist Tradition: From Crisis to Decline (New York: Routledge, 1995). 2) Booth, Ken et al (ed.), Worlds in Collision: Terror and the Future of Global Order (New York: Palgrave, 2002). 3) Chandra Rajesh, Industrialization and Development in the Third world (London: Routledge, 1992). 4) Feierabend, K. Ivo, Rosalind, L. Feierabend, & Ted, Robert Gurr, (ed.), Anger, Violence and Politics: Theories and Research (New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1972). 5) Kennedy, Paul. Preparing for the Twenty-First Century (London: Fontana Press, 1994). 6) Malik, Iffat, Kashmir: Ethnic Conflict, International Dispute (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2002). 7) O’Hagan, J. Contending Images of World Politics (London: Macmillan Press Ltd., 2000). 8) Randall, Vicky. Political Change and Underdevelopment: A Critical Introduction to Third World Politics (Durham: Duke University Press, 1998). 9) Sen, Amartya. Development As Freedom (New York: Alfred A. knope, 1999).

34 10) Snyder, Jack. From Voting to Violence: Democratization and National Conflict (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2000). 11) Sondhi, M.L., (ed.), Terrorism and Political Violence: A Source Book (New Delhi: Har- Anand, 2000). 12) Toffler, Heidi. War and Anti-War: Survival at the Dawn of the 21 st Century (London: Warner Books, 1994). 13) Varshney, Ashutosh. Ethnic Conflict and Civil Life: Hindus and Muslims in India (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002).

JOURNALS 1. International Affairs (London) 2. Foreign Affairs (New York) 3. Disarmament Diplomacy (London) 4. Survival (London) 5. Pakistan Horizon (Karachi) 6. Foreign Policy (Washington) 7. Current History (Philadelphia)

35 BS Second Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 402 (Subsidiary)

412 (Honors)

DIPLOMACY

Introduction

This course is designed to explore the role diplomacy plays in world politics and its functioning process. It introduces students to various dimensions, techniques and procedures of diplomatic interaction between and among states.

Contents

1. The definitional aspects of Diplomacy 2. Origin, nature and development of Diplomacy 3. Challenges to the Westphalian Diplomacy 4. Constraints on Diplomacy 5. Fundamentals of Diplomacy 6. Types of Diplomacy 7. Instruments of Diplomacy 8. Diplomats: Functions, privileges and immunities 9. Diplomatic rules and procedures 10. Diplomacy: The negotiating structure 11. Political systems and Diplomacy 12. Role of diplomacy in War and Peace

Suggested Readings

1. Barton,p., R., Modern Diplomacy (Second edition) . London: Longman, 1997. 2. Berridge, G. & Alan, James, A Dictionary of Diplomacy (Second edition) . New York: Pelgrave/ Macmillan, 2003. 3. Berridge, R., G. & James, A., A Dictionary of Diplomacy . Basingstoke: Pal grave, 2001. 4. Berridge, R., G., Diplomacy: Theory and Practice , Hemelhempstead: Harvester, 1995. 5. Berridge. G., Diplomacy: Theory and Practice (Third edition) . New York: Pelgrave/Macmillan, 2005. 6. Burton, J.,W., Systems, States, Diplomacy and Rules . London: Cambridge University Press, 1968. 7. Corbett, Percy, E. Law in Diplomacy . Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1959. 8. Hamilton, K. & Langhorne, R., The Practice of Diplomacy . London: Routledge, 1995. 9. Hevener, Natalie, Kanfman (ed.), Diplomacy in a Dangerous World: Protection for Diplomats under International Law . London: Westview Press, 1986. 10. Hilsman, Roger, The Politics of Policy Making in Defense and Foreign Affairs . New Jersey, Prentice-Hall, 1987.

36 11. Hrdy, Michael, Modern Diplomatic Law . Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1968. 12. Ikte, Fred, Charles, How Nations Negotiate . New York: Praeger, 1964. 13. Johnson, E. (ed)., The Dimensions of Diplomacy . Baltimore: The Johan Hopkins Press, 1964. 14. Kaplan, Stephan, Diplomacy and Power . Washington. D.C.: Brookings, 1981. 15. Lauren, Paul (ed.), Diplomacy: New Approaches in History. Theory and Practice , New York: Free Press, 1979. 16. Nicholson, Harold, Diplomacy . London, 1965. 17. Ray, James, Lee., Democracy and International Relations . Carolina: University of South Carolina Press. 1995. 18. Satow, Ernest, A Guide to Diplomatic Practice. London: Longman, 1957. 19. Singh, Naunehal, Diplomacy for the 21 st Century . New Delhi: Mittal, 2002.

37 BS Second Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 421 (Honours)

POLITICAL THOUGHT AND PHILOSOPHIES-I

Introduction

This course is designed to give the theoretical background to students about their discipline to enable them to have sound academic foundation. It aims at introducing classic political thought and philosophies that have helped formation of the global politics throughout the centuries. The course is divided into two-semester study. In addition to the different philosophies, the First Semester course deals with the Western thought whereas the Second Semester covers Chinese and the Muslim political thought.

Contents

Western Political Thought

1. Plato, Socrates, Aristotle: Philosophy, Bases of Philosophy, Comparison & Critique 2. Machiavelli, Jean Bodin, Thomas Hobbes, John Lock: Philosophy, Bases and Application of Philosophy, Critique 3. Utilitarians: Philosophy & Applicability 4. Hegal and Marx: Philosophy, Bases of Philosophy, Division of the World, Success and Failure.

Philosophies

• Nationalism • Imperialism • Democracy • Socialism • Communism • Facism

BS (Second Year) Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 422 (Honours)

POLITICAL THOUGHT AND PHILOSOPHIES-II

Introduction

This course is the extension of the First Semester course that deals with the Chinese and Muslim political thought along with the mentioned philosophies. Its objective is to make students familiar with the occidental and oriental philosophies and enable them to compare the two with a purpose to understand the causes of divergence and convergence in the world.

Contents

Chinese Political Thought

1. Confucius and Mao Tse Tung: Philosophy, Bases of Philosophy, Views on Religion and Philosophy, Ultra Democracy.

Muslim Political Thought

2. Al-Farabi to Ibn-i- Khuldun: Philosophy, Bases & Implication of Philosophy. 3. Jamalddin Afghani: Philosophy, Bases of Philosophy & Reforms 4. Allama-Iqbal: Social and Political Philosophy, Comparison & Critique.

Philosophies

• Fabianism • Syndicalism • Anarchism • Federalism • Individualism • Totalitarianism, Pluralism Vs Monoism • Internationalism

Suggested Readings

1. Boucher, David & Collingwood, R. G., Essays in Political Philosophy . Oxford: Clarendor Press, 1995. 2. Chaudhry, Aslam &Akhtar, H., Sages of Ages . Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publishers, 2001. 3. Cook, Thomas, History of Political Philosophy from Plato to Burke. New York: Prentice- Hall Inc., 1936. 4. Huddson, Richard, Modern Political Philosophy . New York: M. E. Sharpe, 1990.

39 5. Miller, David, Political Philosophy: A Very Short Introduction . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. 6. Parkinson, Northcote, The Evolution of Political Thought . Hongton: Mifflin, 1958. 7. Resenthal, Erwin, Political Thought in Medieval Islam: An Introductory Outline . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968. 8. Stranss, Leo & Sinclair, Elsa, History of Political Philosophy . Chicago: University of Chicago, 1952. 9. Watt, Montgomery, Islamic Political Thought: The Basic Concepts . Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1980.

BS Third Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 511

CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS-I

Introduction

This course on concepts and principles of International Relations introduces students to the core themes, issues and theories of International Relations. It provides students necessary theoretical and conceptual foundations for understanding and analyzing International Relations in today’s world.

Contents

1. International Relations and International History: An appraisal 2. Methodology of International Relations 3. Levels of analysis 4. Great debates in International Relations 5. Theory and theory building 6. Major theories of International Relations 7. Realism 8. Liberalism 9. Marxism 10. Game theory 11. Systems theory

Suggested Readings

1. Beitz, Charles, R., Political Theory and International Relations. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1979. 2. Booth, Ken & Smith, Steve (eds.), International Relations Theory Today . Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995. 3. Burchill, Scott, Theories of International Relations (Third edition). Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005. 4. Chandra, Puram, Determinants of World Politics . New Delhi: Akanshka, 2004. 5. Chomsky, Noam, Imperial Ambitions: Conversations on the Post 9/11 World . New York: Metropolitan, 2005. 6. Dougherty, James & Pfaltzgraff, Robert L., Jr., Contending Theories of International Relations (Second edition) . New York: Harper and Rew, 1981. 7. Holton, R., Globalization and the Nation State . London: Palgrave, 1998. 8. Jackson, Robert & Sorenson, George, Introduction to International Relations: Theories and Approaches . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. 9. Jackson, Robert, Classic and Modern Thought on I.R: From Anarchy to Cosmo polis . New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.

41 10. Keylore, William. R., A World of Nations: International Order since 1945 . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. 11. Morgenthau, Hans, J., Politics among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace . New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1948. 12. Richardson, James, Contending Liberalism in World Politics: Ideology and Power . London: Lynne Rienner, 2001. 13. Smith, Hazel, Democracy and International Relations: Critical Theories, Problematic Practices , Houndmills: Macmillan, 2000. 14. Spiegel, Steven, L. & Wehling, Fred, L., World Politics in a New Era . Earl Mcpeel, 1999. 15. Waltz, Kenneth, Theory of International Politics . Addison Wesley: Reading Mass, 1979. 16. Young, J. & Kent, John, International Relations since 1945: A Global History. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.

42 BS Third Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 512

CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS-II

Introduction

This course encourages the students to appreciate the issues, which concern world politics in the contemporary World. It provides them the essential tools for deciding what is most important in terms of dealing with the issues, which affect International Politics.

Contents

1. International systems in World History 2. Power and the Nation State 3. Elements of National Power 4. Balance of Power 5. Nationalism 6. Imperialism 7. Diplomacy as a means of International Relations 8. Economic instruments of state policy 9. The meaning and concept of security 10. Propaganda and subversion as instruments of foreign policy 11. Problems of war and peace

Suggested Readings

1. Aaron, Raymond, Peace and War: A Theory of International Relations . Melbourne: Kreiger Publishing Co., 1981. 2. Babansky, Yuri, K. & Bota, Livia, UNSECO Yearbook on Peace and Conflict Studies : Lanham, Maryland: Unipub, 1984. 3. Baylis, John & Smith, Steve, Globalization of World Politics . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. 4. Beya, Gavin, Glenco & Pentland, Charles (eds.), Issues in Global Politics . Illinois: 1985. 5. Chandra, Puram, Determinants of World Politics . New Delhi: Akanshka, 2004. 6. Daeutsch, Karl, W., Nationalism and Social Communication: An Inquiry into the Foundations of Nationality . Massachusetts: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, 1953.

43 7. Dielh, Paul, The Politics of Global Governance and International Organizations in an Interdependent World (Second edition) . New Delhi: Viva books, 2005. 8. Gould, Carol, Globalizing Democracy and Human Rights . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 9. Haas, Ernst, N. & Whiting, Allen, S., Dynamics of International Relations . New York: McGraw Hill, 1956. 10. Hartman, Fredrick, N., The Relations of Nations (Sixth edition). New York: Macmillan, 1983. 11. Holsti, K.J., International Politics: A Framework for Analysis . New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1983. 12. Keylore, William, R., A World of Nations: International Order since 1945 . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. 13. Lemke, Doughlas, Regions of War and Peace . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. 14. Richardson, James, Contending Liberalism in World Politics: Ideology and Power . London: Lynne Rienner, 2001. 15. Robert, J. & Wartz, Kenneth, N. (eds.), The Use of Force: International Politics and Foreign Policy (Second edition). Lanham: Maryland: University Press of America, 1983. 16. Smith, Hazel, Democracy and International Relations: Critical Theories, Problematic Practices . Houndmills: Macmillan Press, 2000. 17. Tomuschat, Christina, Human Rights between Idealism and Realism . Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2003.

44 BS Third Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 521

INTERNATIONAL LAW-I

Introduction

The purpose of this course is to give an introductory knowledge about the genesis and development of International Law. The course provides students theoretical understanding of International Law which is necessary for analyzing the relations between and among states.

Contents

1. Nature, origins and basis of International Law 2. Sources 3. Subjects 4. Succession of states and governments: Basic doctrinal positions, scope of the expression “succession of states” circumstances giving rise to succession, different treatment of the various situations in positive law, depending on the cause and object of succession. 5. Nationality. 6. Extradition and asylum: Extraditable persons, extradition crimes, territorial asylum, extra- territorial asylum. 7. Diplomatic immunity: Diplomatic and Consular, 1961 Vienna Convention on diplomatic relations, scope of diplomatic immunities, 1963 Vienna Convention on consular relations, scope of consular immunities, state immunity, scope of state immunity. 8. Permanent sovereignty over natural resources: Principle of permanent sovereignty as a general normative statement, control of foreign investments, nationalization and expropriation. 9. International rivers: Major theories regarding water rights of riparian states. Legal principles governing the use and expropriation of international rivers. 10. Law of the Sea (LOS). Main focus would be on LOS Convention 1982 with the brief treatment of areas such as territorial sea regime of transit passage, archijpe1agic states, exclusive economic zone, limits of continental shelf, right of access to and from the sea of land-locked states: international sea-bed area, settlement of dispute.

45 BS Third Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 522

INTERNATIONAL LAW-II

Introduction

This course is designed to encompass the various issues of world politics with a legal perspective. The course emphasizes primarily on treaties, states, human rights and other relevant issues

Contents

1. Law of Treaties: Main focus would be on the 1969 Vienna Convention on the law of treaties with brief treatment of areas such as conclusion and entry into force, reservations interpretation, invalidity, breach of international law error, fraud, coercion, registration and publication (just cogens and termination and suspension of operation branch, supervening impossibility of performance Rebus sic stantibus). 2. Human Rights in International Law: Background, Covenant on civil political rights, Covenant on economic social cultural rights, implementation mechanism, 1988 Vienna Conference on Human Rights. 3. State Responsibility and International Law. 4. Environmental Protection: Environment heritage of all the peoples of the world, a factor for peace a factor for development, combating pollution. Sectoral resolution, global regulation of nature and its resources, 1992 Rio Convention. 5. Air and space Law: Air, freedom of the air & aircraft, ICA status of outer space, moon and other elastic bodies, boundary with airspace, space communications, registration of space for objects, liability for damage caused by space objects, use of outer space for peaceful purposes. 6. Use of Force: Brief history of the use of force, UN Charter as the basis of international peace: resource developments in the use of force. 7. Law of International Armed Conflict: Definitions international identification of international armed conflicts. Fundamental principles of humanitarian law, combatant and non- combatants weapon limitations and other limits, civilians and armed conflict, humanitarian limits on occupying forced prisoners of war, enforcement of humanitarian law. 8. International Law and national liberation movements and decolonization, peaceful co- existence and the rights of peoples, conditions for recognition of national liberation movements, legal regime relating to the status of national liberation movements. 9. International Terrorism: General background, three hijacking conventions. 10. Pacific settlement of disputes: Conciliation, mediation, good offices, commissions of enquiry. arbitration adjudication. 11. Future prospects of International Law

Suggested Readings

1. Akehurest, Michael, Modern Introduction to International Law (Third edition) . London: Allan & Unwicy, 1978.

46 2. Brierly, J., L., The Law of Nations: An Introduction to the International Law of Peace (Sixth edition). New York, Oxford University Press, 1963. 3. Briggs, Herbert, W., The Law of Nations: Cases, Documents and Notes . London: Stevens, 1953. 4. Brownlie, Ian, Basic Documents in International Law (Second edition) . Oxford University Press, 1990. 5. Brownlie, Ian, Principles of Public International Law (Fourth edition) . Oxford University Press, 1990. 6. Caster B., E. & Teimble, P., R., International Law: Selected Documents . Boston: Little Brown & Co., 1991. 7. Murphy, John, The US and the Rule of Law in International Affairs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. 8. Oppenhein, L., International Law: A Treatise (Vol. I & II) . London: Longman, 1901-1905. 9. Ott, D., H., Public International Law in the Modern World . London: Pitman, 1989. 10. Talbot, William, Which Rights should be Universal? Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.

47 BS Third Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 531

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

Introduction

The purpose of this course is to enlighten students about the emergence, growth and strengthening of International and Regional Organizations. It explores at length the role of League of Nations, United Nations and various governmental and non-governmental organizations in the promotion of international peace, security and cooperation.

Contents

1. Definitions, fundamentals, classifications, concepts and approaches of International Organizations. 2. States, sovereignty and international organizations 3. Inter Governmental Organizations (IGOs) and International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs) 4. Evolution, structure and functioning of the League of Nations 5. Evolution, structure of the United Nations 6. UN and its role as a peacemaker and peacekeeper 7. The challenge of reforming the United Nations 8. Globalization and international organizations 9. The phenomenon of regionalism 10. The future of international and regional organizations

Suggested Readings

1. Akzin, B., New States and International Organizations . Paris: UNESCO/International Political Science Association, 1995. 2. Amstutz, Mark, R., International Conflict and Cooperation. Madison: Brown & Benchmark, 1995, 3. Archer, C., International Organizations . London: Allen & Unwin, 1984. 4. Armstrong, David, International Organizations in World Politics (Third edition) . Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. 5. Baehr, Peter, R., et. al , The United Nations in The 1990s . New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1992. 6. Basu, Rumki, The United Nations Structure and Functions of an International Organization . New Delhi: Sterling Publishers, 1998. 7. Bennett, A., Le, Roy, International Organizations: Principles & Issues . New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1995. 8. Deehi, Paul, The Politics of Global Governance and International Organizations in an Interdependent World (Second edition) . New Delhi: Viva books, 2005. 9. Diehl, Paul, F.(ed.), The Politics of International Organizations . Pacific Grove: Brooks Cole Publishing Co, 1989. 10. Joshua, S., Goldstein, International Relations . New York: Harper Collins College Publishers, 1999.

48 11. Kegley, Charles, W., World Politics Trends and Transformation . New York: St. Martins Press, 1999. 12. Latane, John, H., Development of the League of Nations Idea . New York: Macmillan, 1932. 13. Levi, Werner, Fundamentals of World Organization . Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1953. 14. Malik, Mohd, Asif, International Organizations . Lahore: Publisher Emporium, 2002. 15. Murphy, John, The US and the Rule of Law in International Affairs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. 16. Yoder, Amos, The Evolution of the United Nations System . New York: United Nations, 1989.

49 BS Third Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 532

CONFLICT RESOLUTION AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Introduction

This course is designed to develop conceptual, theoretical and analytical skills in students to help them understand basic aspects of domestic, national, regional and international conflicts and crises. It introduces them to methodology for the prevention, management and resolution of conflicts and crises at different levels.

Contents

1. Definitions, concepts, theories and types of conflicts 2. Emergence of conflict resolution as a field of study 3. Different roads to conflict resolution 4. Conflict resolution research 5. Conflict resolution workshop 6. Major players in the management and resolution of conflicts 7. The process of conflict resolution in South Asia 8. Definitions, concepts and types of crisis management 9. Crisis management in the Western and the Developing countries 10. The issue of crisis management in the post-9/11 scenario 11. Various case studies of crisis management 12. The future of crisis management

Suggested Readings

1. Amstutz, Mark, R., International Conflict and Cooperation . Madison: Brown & Benchmark, 1995. 2. Avruch, Kevin, Culture & Conflict Resolution . Washington DC: United States Institute of Peace, 1998. 3. Avruch, Kevin, et.al , Conflict Resolution: Cross Cultural Perspectives . New York: Greenwood Press, 1991. 4. Banks, Michael, Conflict in World Society: a New Perspective on International Relations. Brighton: Wheatsheaf Books, 1984. 5. Bartlett, C., J., The Global Conflict 1880 to 1970 . London: Longmans, 1984. 6. Bokhari, Imtiaz, H., Management of the Third World Crises in Adverse Partnership . Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1998. 7. Conflict Prevention: Strategies to Sustain Peace in the Post-Cold War World. Report of the Aspen Institute Conference July 30-August 3, 1996. Washington: Aspen Institute, 1997. 8. Burton, John, C onflict: Readings in Management and Resolution . London: Dukes, Frank. Macmillan, 1990. 9. Darby, John (ed.), The Management of Peace Processes . Houndmills: Macmillan Press, 2000. 10. Frei, Daniel (ed.), Managing International Crises . New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1982. 11. Hutchinson, John, Nations as Zones of Conflict . London: Sage Publications, 2005. 12. Kliot, N., The Political Geography of Conflict and Peace . London: Belhaven, 1991.

50 13. Krepon, Michael, et.al , Crisis Prevention, Confidence Building, and Reconciliation between India and Pakistan . Lahore: Vanguard Books (Pvt.), Ltd., 1996. 14. Miall, Hugh, Contemporary Conflict Resolution: The prevention, Management and Transformation of Deadly Conflicts . Oxford: 2003. 15. Munro, D., A World Record of Major Conflict Areas . London: Arnold, 1990. 16. Managing conflict in the post-cold war world: The role of information. Report of the Aspen Institute Conference. August 2-6, 1995. Washington D.C.: Aspen Institute, 1996 17. Rupesinghe, Kumar, Civil Wars, Civil Peace, An Introduction to Conflict Resolution . London: Pluto Press, 1998. 18. Schellenberg, James, Conflict Resolution. Theory, Research And Practice . New York: State University of New York, 1996. 19. Waslekar, Sundeep, A Handbook for Conflict Resolution in South Asia . New Delhi: Konark Publishers Pvt., Ltd, 1996. 20. Wallensteen, Peter, Understanding Conflict Resolution, War, Peace and the Global System . London: Sage Publications, 2003. 21. Williams, Phil, Crisis Management: Confrontation and Diplomacy in the Nuclear Age . London: Robertson, 1976.

51 BS Third Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 541

DIPLOMATIC HISTORY OF EUROPE: 1789-1939

Introduction

This course aims to examine the diplomatic history of Europe by focusing on the issues and events, which led to the emergence of modern global political order. It also aims giving chronological and thematic introductions of the major trends and developments particularly in Europe since the French Revolution till the second world war.

Contents

1. Introduction 2. The Renaissance, Reformation and Liberalism 3. The French Revolution 4. Congress of Vienna and the Concert of Europe 5. Matternich System 6. The Revolutions of 1830 and 1848: Impact on Europe. 7. Eastern Question: Rise of the Balkan states---Crimean war. 8. Unification of Italy and Germany 9. New balance of power and its ramifications on Europe - 1871 10. Russo-Turkish War and the Congress of Berlin - 1878 11. Causes and consequences of the First World War. 12. Europe between the Two World Wars: A diplomatic scenario 13. The Second World War and the unfolding of a new world order

Suggested Readings

1. Andreas, C., Europe in the 20 th Century . London: Macmillan, 1968. 2. Astone, Tretor (ed.), Crisis in Europe 1562-1660 . Routledge, 1965. 3. Brinton, Crane, A., Decade of Revolution: 1789-1799 . New York: Harper and Row Publishers, 1963. 4. Burleigh, Michael, Sacred Causes . New York: Harpen Collins Publishers, 2006. 5. Carr, E., H., International Relations between the two World Wars: 1991-1939. 6. Carrie, Albrecht, Rene, Europe 1500-1848 . Glasgow: Littlefield, 1983. 7. Carrie, Reve, Albrecht, A Diplomatic History of Europe since the Congress of Vienna . New York: Harper and Row, 1973. 8. Craig, Gordon, A., Europe since 1815 . New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1971. 9. Grant, A.,J., Temperley, Europe in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries 1789 – 1850 (Sixth edition) . London: Longman, 1980. 10. Gregory, Treverton (ed.), The Shape of New Europe . New York, 1992. 11. Kirchrner, Walter, Western Civilization Since 1500 . New York: Barns & Nobles, 1958.

52 12. Lauren, Paul, (ed.), Diplomacy: New Approaches in History, Theory and Practice . New York: Free Press, 1979. 13. Leeds, C., A., Europe since Napoleon . New York: Knopf, 1962. 14. Peacock, Herbert, L., A History of Modern Europe : 1789-1989. Norfolk: Fakenlian Press, 1991. 15. Rolents, G., J., M., History of the World . London: Penguin, 1995. 16. Russell, Bertrand, Legitimacy versus Industrialism: 1814 – 1848 . London: Unwin Books, 1965. 17. Skocpol, Theda, States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia and China . New York: Cambridge University Press, 1979. 18. Taylor, A., J. P., The Struggle for Mastery in Europe: 1848-1918 . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1954. 19. Taylor, A., J., P., Europe: Grandeur and Decline . Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1967. 20. Thomson, David, Europe Since Napoleon . London: Penguin Books, 1990.

53 BS Third Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 542

POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY Introduction

This course intends to provide basic knowledge about the factors of geography that influence world politics at large. It enables the students to understand the distinction between boundaries, frontiers and geographical and geo-political elements and factors that influence countries’ policies.

Contents

1. Political Geography as a field of study 2. Definitions, scope and status of political geography as a separate discipline 3. Geopolitics 4. Frontiers and boundaries 5. Political Geography and international conflicts a. The territorial Sea b. Problem of land locked states

6. The political geography of international rivers 7. Geographical aspects of relations between states 8. Political Geography- The economic dimension 9. Political- Geography of air: implications for use of outer space 10. Demography 11. Political geography after 9/11 12. Future trends in the field of Political Geography

Suggested Readings

1. Cole, J., P., Geography of World Affairs . Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1974. 2. Dekmegian, R., Troubled Waters: The Geopolitics of the Caspian Region . London: I.B. Tauris, 2001. 3. Dodds, Klans (ed.), Geopolitical Traditions: Century of Geopolitical Thought . London: Routledge, 2000. 4. Douglas, Jackson, Politics and Geographic Relationships . Prentice Hall, Inc 1964. 5. Glassner, Martin, Ira, Political Geography . New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1993. 6. Gottmam, Jean, The Significance of Territory . Charlottesville; University Press of Virginia, 1973. 7. Gyatt, Nicholas, Another American Century, The US and the World since 9/11 . London: Zed Books, 2003. 8. Mellor, Roy, E., H., Nation, State and Territory: A Political Geography . London: Routledge, 1989. 9. Norman, J., G., Pounds, Political Geography . McGraw Hill Book Co., Inc., 1963. 10. Parker, Geoffrey, The Geopolitics of Domination . London: Rout ledge, 1988.

54 11. Parker, Geoggrey, Western Geopolitical Thought in the Twentieth Century . London: Croom Helm Ltd., 1984. 12. Peterson, John, Europe, America, Bush: Transatlantic Relations in the 21 st Century . London: Routledge, 2003. 13. Prescott, J., R., V., Political Geography . Methuen & Co, Ltd, 1972. 14. Prescott, J., R.,V., Political Frontiers and Boundaries . London: Allen and Unwin, 1987. 15. Richard, Muir, Modern Political Geography . The Macmillan Press Ltd., 1975. 16. Short, John, Rennie, An Introduction to Political Geography . London: Routledge, 1993. 17. Taylor, Peter & Johan, House (eds.), Political Geography: Recent Advances and Future Directions . London: Croom Helm Ltd., 1984. 18. Taylor, Peter, J., Political Geography: World Economy , Nation State and Locality . New York: Johan Widey and Sons, 1989. 19. Valkendburgh, Sarnmuel, Van & Carl, L., Stotz, Elements of Political Geography . New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1957.

55 BS Third Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 551

FOREIGN POLICY ANALYSIS

Introduction

This course provides conceptual and analytical tools to study the making of foreign policy. It examines the role of various factors and institutions, which form and influence the formulation of countries’ foreign policy in today’s world.

Contents

1. Importance of foreign policy in international relations 2. Determinants of foreign policy making 3. The role of individuals, institutions media and public opinion 4. Intra and extra regional factors and the foreign policy making process 5. The importance of decision-making in the making of foreign policy 6. The role of transnational factors 7. Foreign policy making under different political systems 8. Foreign policy and globalization 9. Foreign policy making: A post-9/11 scenario 10. New trends in the making of foreign policy

Suggested Readings

1. Brown, C., Understanding International Relations . Palgrave, 1997. 2. Clarke, M., and White, B. (eds.), Understanding Foreign Policy: The Foreign Policy Systems Approach . Colorado: Edward Elgar, 1989. 3. Deutsch, K.,W., The Analysis of International Relations . New York: Prentice Hall, 1972. 4. Frankel, Joseph, The Making of Foreign Policy . London: Oxford University Press, 1977. 5. Groom, A., J., R., and Light, Margot (eds.), Contemporary International Relations: A Guide to Theory. Frances Pinter, 1994. 6. Henkin, L., How Nations Behave: Law and Foreign Policy . London: Pall Hall, 1968. 7. Hill, C., The Changing Politics of Foreign Policy . Washington: Palgrave, 2003. 8. Holsti, K., J., International Politics: A Framework for Analysis . New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1978. 9. Hook, Steven (ed.), Comparative Foreign Policy: Adaptation Strategies of the Great and Emerging Powers. Prentice-Hall, 2002. 10. Joseph, Frankel, The Making of Foreign Policy . London: Oxford University Press, 1977. 11. Rosenau, James & James, N., (eds., International Politics and Foreign Policy . London: Freancecie Printer, 1980. 12. Synder, R., C., et al , Foreign Policy Decision Making . New York: 1962. 13. Yunus, Mohammad, Foreign Policy: A Theoretical Introduction . Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2000.

56 BS Third Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 552

FOREIGN POLICY OF PAKISTAN

Introduction

This course intends to provide essential historical background to students for understanding and examining main determinations of Pakistan’s foreign policy. It highlights the features of Pakistan’s relations with its neighbors and other countries of the world.

Contents

1. Determinants and objectives of Pakistan Foreign Policy 2. Pakistan’s relations with its neighboring countries. 3. Indo-Pak Peace Process: Challenges and Prospects 4. Pakistan’s relations with the South Asian countries 5. Pakistan and the Muslim World. 6. Pakistan and the major powers. 7. Pakistan and the United Nations 8. Pakistan and the regional organizations 9. The impact of 9/11 on Pakistan’s Foreign Policy 10. Pakistan and the United States: Terrorism and War against Terrorism 11. Challenges and prospects of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy.

Suggested Readings

1. Ali, Mehrunnisa (ed.), Readings in Pakistan’s Foreign Policy 1971-1998 . Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2001. 2. Amin, Shahid, Pakistan ’s Foreign Policy: An Appraisal . Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2000. 3. Arif, K., Pakistan’s Foreign Policy; Indian Perspective . Lahore: Vanguard, 1984. 4. Barnds, W., J., India, Pakistan and the Great Powers . London: Pall Mall Press, 1977. 5. Bhutto, Z., A., The Third World: New Directions . London: Quarter Books Ltd., 1977. 6. Chaudhri, Muhammad, Ahsan, A Study of Pakistan Foreign Policy 1954 to 1970 (Second edition) . Karachi: Royal books, 2000. 7. Cheema, Pervaiz, Iqbal, Pakistan’s Defense Policy . London: Macmillan, 1990. 8. Gillani, Ijaz, Hussain, Pakistan’s Foreign Policy: an International Law Perspective , London: Progressive Publishers, 1988. 9. Hussain, Mushahid, Pakistan and the Changing Regional Scenario . Lahore: Progressive Publishers, 1988. 10. Hyder, Sajjad, Foreign Policy of Pakistan: Reflections of an Ambassador . Lahore: Progressive Publishers, 1988. 11. Jalalzai, Musa, Khan, The Foreign Policy of Pakistan: Kashmir, Afghanistan and Internal Security Threats . Lahore: Aryan, 2003. 12. Khan, Muhammad, Ayub, Friends not Masters . Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1967.

57 13. Malik, Hafeez, Soviet - American Relations with Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan . London: Macmillan, 1986. 14. Shahi, Agha, Pakistan’s Security and Foreign Policy . Lahore: Progressive Publisher, 1988. 15. Sheerwani, L., A., Pakistan China & America . Karachi: The Pakistan Institute of International Affairs,1980. 16. Zuiring, L., Bhutto’s Foreign Policy and the Contemporary Problems of Pakistan . Leinden: E.J. Brill, 1974.

58 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 611

INERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY

Introduction

This course aims to explore the relationship between politics and economics of the World. It gives students knowledge about one of the pertinent approaches to international politics.

Contents

1. Fundamental concepts of international economics 2. The importance of economics in international relations 3. The emergence and growth of International Political Economy 4. The International Economic System 5. Instruments of international economics 6. The politics of international trade 7. The International Monetary System 8. The politics of foreign aid 9. The process of economic development 10. Globalization and multilateralism 11. The phenomenon of dependency and its implications 12. The North - South Dialogue. 13. The International Trade Regime

Suggested Readings

1. Admas, John (ed.), The Contemporary International Economy : New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1985. 2. Ahmed, Syed, Salahuddin, The Politics of International Economic Relations . Karachi: Comprehensive Book Service, 1991. 3. Ansari, Jawed, Political Economy of International Economic Organizations , Boulders: Lyme Reinnery, 1986. 4. Blacke, David, M., The Politics of Global Economic Relations . New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1987. 5. Brandt, Willy, North-South: A Programme for Survival( Fourth edition) . Cambridge: MIT Press, 1980. 6. Hey, Collin (ed.), Demystifying Globalization. Houndmills: Pelgrave, 2000. 7. Laideur, Karl- Heinz, Public Governance in the Age of Globalization . Hants: Ashgate, 2004. 8. Millet, Damien, Who Owes Who? Fifty Questions about World Debt . Dhaka: University Press, 2004. 9. Moore, Dynden, The Growth and Structure of International Trade since the Second World War , Sussex: Wheatsheaf Books, 1985. 10. Morrison, Thomas, K., Manufactured Exports from Developing Countries . New York: Praeager Publishers, 1976. 11. Oppenheimer, Issues In international Economics . London: Routledge, 1980. 12. Pinkney, Robert, Democracy in the Third World . New Delhi: Viva Books, 2004.

59 13. Ravenhill, John, Global Political Economy . New York: Oxford University Press, 2005. 14. Roy, Ash, Narain, Globalization and Gobbelization: An Arab Experience. New Delhi: Konark, 2003. 15. Sparo, Jean, Edelman, The Politics of International Economic Relations (Third edition) . London: Allen & University, 1990. 16. Stubbs, Richard & Bill, Geoffery (eds.), The Political Economy and the Changing Global Orders . London: Macmillan, 1994. 17. Todaro, Michael, P., Economic Development in the Third World (Fourth edition). New York: Longman, 1989. 18. Uri, Pierre, Development without Dependence . New York: Praeger, 1978. 19. Wells, Sidney, J., International Economic . London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd., 1973.

BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 612

CONTEMPORARY INTERNATIONAL POLITICS

Introduction

This course provides an in depth analysis of the global affairs in the light of post- World War developments. It also tries to examine various issues, which shape global and regional conflict and cooperation in the contemporary World.

Contents

East-West Relations

1. Impact of World War II on the structure of world politics 2. Emergence of super powers and bi-polarity; East-West confrontation and the Cold War 3. Sino-Soviet split and the Sino-American rapprochement 4. Detente, East-West cooperation, peaceful co-existence

Post-Cold War Era/New World Order

1. The disintegration of the Soviet Union 2. Europe after the Cold War 3. United Nations in the post Cold War Era 4. Russia in the post-Soviet era

New Poles of International Power and Influence

1. Emergence of China, Japan and Germany as economic powers 2. Non-aligned Movement in the New World Order 3. North-South Dialogue. 4. Regional and international conflicts

Suggested Readings

1. Bartlert, C., J., The Global Conflict: The International Rivalry of the Great Powers 1880- 1970 . London: Longman, 1984. 2. Boguerat, Gilles (ed.), India, Russia, China: Intricacies of an Asian Triangle . New Delhi: India Research Press, 2004. 3. Brown, Seyom, New Forces in World Politics . Washington : Brookings Institutions, 1974. 4. Calvoceressi, Peter, World Politics since 1945 (Fifth edition). London: Longman Group, 1989. 5. Chomsky, Noam, Imperial Ambitions: Conversations on Post 9/11 World . New York: Metropolitan, 2005. 6. Dosenrode, Soren, The European Union and The Middle East . London: Sheffield Academic, 2002.

61 7. Gabrical, T., Almoud & G., Gingham, Powell, Jr., Comprehensive Politics Today: A World View . Sectt, Foreman and Co, 1994. 8. Gupta, Rakesh, State in India, Pakistan, Russia and Central Asia . Delhi: Kalpaz, 2004. 9. Hocking, Brian & Michael, Smith, World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations .. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1990. 10. Hough, Peter, Understanding Global Security . London: Routledge, 2004. 11. Karl, T., N., A Diplomat’s Diary (1947-1999): China, India and U.S.A . New Delhi: Macmillan India, 2000. 12. Kegley, Charles, W., Jr., World Politics: Trends and Transformations . New York: Macmillan & Woltkopf, 1993. 13. Kennedy, Paul, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers . London: Fontana, 1989. 14. Keylore, William. R, A World of Nations: International Order since 1945 . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. 15. Levine, Herbert, M.., World Politics Debated: A Reader in Contemporary Issues (Second edition). New York: McGraw-Hill, 1986. 16. Mahmood, bin, Mohammad, Fundamentals of Fundamentalism and Assorted Reflection . New Delhi: Anmol, 2001. 17. Malik, Hafeez, Russian-American Relations: Islamic and Turkish Dimensions in the Volga- Ural basin . Houndmills: Macmillan Press, 2000. 18. Munro, David & Alan, A., World Record of Major Conflict Areas . London: Edward J. Day, Aftnold, 1990. 19. NazrulIslam, Islam, 9/11 and Global Terrorism: A Study of Perceptions and Solutions . New Delhi: Viva Books, 2005. 20. O’Neill, Robert (ed.), The Conduct of East-West Relations in the 1980s . London: Macmillan Press, 1985. 21. Paterson, Thomas, G. (ed.), The Origins of the Cold War . Lexington: D.C. Heath and Company, 1974. 22. Peterson, John (ed.), Europe, America, Bush: Transatlantic Relations in the 21 st Century . London: Routledge, 2003. 23. Ray, James, Lee, Global Politics . Boston: Hougton Miffin Company, 1979. 24. Sajjad, Shoukat, The Invisible Balance of Power: Dangerous Shift in I.R- U.S vs. Islamic Militants . Karachi: Ferozsons, 2005. 25. Sinha, Radha, Sino-American Relations: Mutual Paranoia . Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. 26. Stavenkagen, Rodolfo, The Ethnic Question: Conflicts Development and Human Rights . Tokyo: UN University Press, 1990. 27. Tessilte, Johan, A Global Agenda . New York: United Press of Woolfson, Susam, 1991.

62 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 621

STRATEGIC STUDIES

Introduction

This course provides conceptual and theoretical insight about strategic and military affairs. It discusses major strategic concepts, doctrines and issues in the light of contemporary security discourse.

Contents

1. The importance of strategic studies 2. Fundamental strategic concepts 3. Definitions and scope of strategic studies 4. Theories and ideas of important strategists a) Clausewitz b) Mackinder c) Bismarck d) Sun Tzu e) Mahan f) Douhet g) Kissinger h) Mao Tse Tung 5. Contemporary strategic problems and issues 6. Development of military technology since 1945 and its impact on strategic thinking 7. War as a political institution 8. Nuclear strategy 9. Arms race, Arms Control and Disarmament 10. Terrorism 11. Nuclear Proliferation in South Asia

Suggested Readings

1. Adelman, Kenneth, L., The Defense Revolution Strategy for Changing New World . San Francisco: Institute of Contemporary Studies, 1990. 2. Alexander, Youab (ed.), International Terrorism: National Regional and Global Perspectives , New York: Praeger Publishers, 1976. 3. Baylis, John, et. Al., Contemporary Strategy: Theories and Policies . London: Croom Helm Ltd., 1975. 4. Beafre, Indre, An Introduction to Strategic Studies . London, Faber & Faber, 1957. 5. Buzan, Berry, An Introduction to Strategic Studies Military Technology and International Relations . London: Macmillan, 1987. 6. Clausewitz, K., V., On War (Translated) . New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1976. 7. Earle, Edward, Mead (ed.), Makers of Modern Strategy: Military Thought from Machiavolli to Hitler . New York: Athenaeum, 1969.

63 8. Gupta, Arvind (ed.), Important Documents on Security and Diplomacy . New Delhi: Manas, 2005. 9. Halperin, Morton, H., Contemporary Military Strategy . London: Faber and Faber, 1972. 10. Haward, Michaer, The Causes of Wars . London: Unwin Paperbacks, 1983. 11. Holdren, Johan & Joseph, Rotblat (eds.), Strategic Defenses and the Future of the Arms Race . London: Macmillan Press, 1987. 12. Hough, Peter, Understanding Global Security . London: Routledge, 2004. 13. Hutchinson, John, Nations as Zones of Conflict . London: Sage Publications, 2005. 14. Kissinger, Henry, A Nuclear Weapons and Foreign Policy . New York: Doubleday Anchor Books 1983. 15. Knorr, Klaus (ed.), Power Strategy and Security . Princeton University Press 1983. 16. Satpathy. G., Biological Weapons and Terrorism . New Delhi: Kalpaz, 2004. 17. Schelling, Thomas, C., The Strategy of Conflict . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1963. 18. Sinha, P., C. (ed.), Encyclopedia of War, Peace and Global Security . New Delhi: Anmol, 2005. 19. Susiluto, Taina, Tactical Nuclear Weapons: Time for Control . New Delhi: Manas, 2004. 20. Tung, Mao, Tse & Che Gnevara, Guerilla Warfare . London: Cassell Ltd., 1969. 21. Wright, Quincy, A Study of War . Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1983.

64 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 622

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Introduction

This course aims to examine and highlight the role of science and technology in shaping the policies of states in today’s world. It provides information on major scientific and technological issues in the context of international relations.

Contents

1. Science and Technology: Conceptual appraisal, importance, impact on interstate relations 2. Communications’ technology and the international system. Types of communication systems; the role of communications technology on states and international system. 3. The role of technology in development of natural resources. Who controls technology and why? The role of Multinational Corporations 4. Nuclear Technology. Uses of nuc1ear technology, constraints in the transfer of nuclear technology, options for developing countries 5. Impact of Technology: Selected Issue Areas. The North-South gap, transfer of technology, energy and other resources, pollution etc. 6. International institutions and the Management of Technology. Assessment of the role played by international and regional institutions, directions for the future 7. An Assessment of the resources of Muslim and South Asian States. Availability of resources, world in the development technology, directions for the future. 8. Science & Technology: Policies of selected countries. U.S.A., Russia, Peoples Republic of China, Japan, North and South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Malaysia, Indonesia and India 9. The making of Science Policy in Pakistan. Assessment of existing priorities, Directions for the future 10. Discussion of academic and other related issues. Methodological and moral issues, literature survey.

Suggested Readings

1. Albert, H., Teich, Technology and Mans Future (Second edition). New York: St. Martins Press, 1977. 2. Bloom, Miller, Warner and Winkler, Hidden Casualties . London: ACR Center, 1994. 3. Cummings, S., N., Oil Transition and Security in Central Asia . New York: Routledge, 2003. 4. E., Fschumacher, Small is Beautiful . Harper Co. Books, 1973. 5. Eugene, B., Skolnikoff, The International Imperatives of Technology . Institute of International Studies: University of California, 1972. 6. Fox, J.W., Globalization and the Gulf . New York: Routledge, 2006. 7. George, Quester, Offense and Defense in the International System . Johan Wiley and Sons, 1977. 8. Graham Jones, The Role of Science and Technology in Developing Countries . Oxford University Press, 1971.

65 9. Haskins, Caryl, P., The Scientific Revolution and World Politics . New York: Harper and Row, 1964. 10. Hess, Stephen (ed.), The Media and War on Terrorism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. 11. Heyzer, Riker, Government-NGO Relations in Asia . London: Macmillan Press Ltd., 1995. 12. J .Bronowaki, Science and Human Values . Harper and Row, 1965. 13. P., D., Dunn, Appropriate Technology with a Human Face. London: Macmillan, 1978. 14. Peter, Willetts (ed.), The Conscience of the World. The Influence of Non-Governmental Organizations in the UN system . London: Hurst and Co., 1996. 15. Ritter, Scott & Hersh, Seymour, Iraq Confidential . London: I. B. Taurus, 2005. 16. Yoel Cohen, Media Diplomacy the Foreign Office in the Mass Communications Age . London: Frank Cass and Co. Ltd., 1986. 17. Zbigniew Brezezinski, Power and Principle . New York: Strans and Giroux, 1983. 18. Ziauddin, Sarder, Science, Technology and Economic Growth , London: Groom Helm, 1977.

Journals

1. Journal of Technology and Culture 2. Journal of Communication 3. Technology Review.

66 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 651

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Introduction

This course is designed to induct serious interest and expertise among graduate students for proper investigation and research on critical issues faced by people. Apart from gaining conceptual/theoretical knowledge about research and methodology, the course aims to generate ideas, questions and doubts about the basic issues faced by our society so that one can learn fundamental tools of inquiry and then embark on the concerned topics of research.

Contents

1. Definitions, scope and importance of research 2. Approaches to Research Methodology 3. Methods and techniques of modern research 4. Research problem and its explanation 5. Primary and secondary sources 6. Statistics and Research Methodology 7. Fundamental tools for writing a research paper 8. Techniques for collecting materials 9. Formulation and testing of hypothesis 10. The relevance of research methodology and the issue of social development

Suggested Readings

1. Agarwal, Govid, et.al., Fundamentals of Social Science Research Methodology. Katmandu: Center for Economic Development and Administration, Tribhuvan University, 1985. 2. B., N., Ghosh, A Dictionary o f Research Methods . New Delhi: Arnold-Heinemann, 1986. 3. Best, John & W., Kahn, James, Research in Education (Ninth edition). New Delhi: Prentice- Hall, 2006. 4. Blaxter, Loraine, et.al., How to Research. New Delhi: Viva Books Private Ltd, 2002. 5. Bryman, Alan, Social Research Methods . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. 6. Cauvery, R., et.al., Research Methodology . Delhi: S. Chand & Co. 2005. 7. Cryer, Pat, The Research Student’s Guide to Success. New Delhi: Viva Books Pvt. Ltd. 1999. 8. Dwivedi, R., S., Research Methods in Behavioral Sciences. Delhi: Macmillan India Ltd, 1997. 9. Gibaldi, Joseph, et.al., MLA handbook for Writers of Research Papers . New York: The Modern Language Association of America, 1988. 10. Gupta, Santosh, Research Methodology and Statistical Techniques . Delhi: Deep & Deep Co., 2003. 11. Judith, Bell, Doing your Research Project . Philadelphia: Open University Press, 1992. 12. Kenneth, D. Baily, Methods of Social Research . New York: The Free Press. 13. Kind, Gary, et. al., Designing Social inquiry Scientific Inference in Qualitative Research . New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1994. 14. McNabb, David, E., Research Methods for Political Science . New Delhi: Prentice-Hall of India, 2004.

67 15. Muqim, Mohammad, Research Methodology in Islamic Perspective . New Delhi: Institute of Objective Studies, 1994. 16. Ragin, Charles, C., Constructing Social Research . The Unity and Diversity of Methods. London: Pine Forge Press, 1991. 17. Reddy, Jayaprakash, R, Research Methodology . New Delhi: APH Publishing House, 2004. 18. Sufian, Abu, Jafar, Methods and Techniques of Social Research . Dhaka: Mohammad University Press Limited, 1998. 19. Tariq, H., Malik, Meliorism of Research Methodology . Islamabad: ABC Enterprises, 1998. 20. Thakur, Davendra, Research Methodology in Social Sciences , New Delhi: Deep & Deep Publications, 1993. 21. Turabian, Kate, L., A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Thesis, and Dissertations . Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1996. 22. Williamson & Bhandarkhar, Methodology and Techniques of Social Research . Mumbai: Himalaya Publishing House, 2000. 23. Williamson. The Research Craft An Introduction to Social Science Methods . Boston: Little Brown and Co. 1977. 24. Wyrick, Jean, Steps to Writing Well . New York: 1993.

68 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 631

WEST ASIA AND THE ARAB WORLD – I

Introduction

This course aims to analyze the history, politics, culture, society and foreign relations of the West Asian countries and the Arab World. It is designed to generate understanding of the disputes and conflicts, which have had immense impact upon prospects of peace and development in this region.

Contents

1. West Asia and the Arab World: An Introduction 2. The Emergence of Lebanon, Syria and Jordan: A Comparative study of political systems 3. Egypt: the rise of Nasser, Egypt’s role in the Arab World, Egypt: in the post Camp David era 4. Arab Nationalism: The Arab League 5. Inter Arab relations: Past, present and future 6. The Palestinian issue: Genesis of the problem, Palestinians in Diaspora, Intifada and the Peace Process 7. Lebanon, Syria and Jordan: The challenge of modernity 8. The Middle East Peace Process 9. State formation in the region, civil society, bureaucracy and resource mobilization 10. Conflict resolution and crisis management in the Arab World 11. Nation building and state building in the Arab World 12. Political forces at work: prospects of Islamic resurgence 13. The role of major powers: the future of the Arab world

69 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 632-A

WEST ASIA AND THE ARAB WORLD – II

Introduction

This section of the course provides in depth information about Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia and other important regional entities in West Asia and the Arab World. Moreover, this course investigates the possibilities for the prospects of peace and cooperation between and among the countries in the region.

Contents

1. Turkey: The Kemalist revolution 2. Turkey during the Cold War and after 3. Turkey: Political system and foreign policy 4. Iran under Shah, Islamic Revolution, political system and foreign policy 5. Saudi Arabia, U.A.E., Oman, Qatar, Kuwait: A comparative study of political systems and foreign policies 6. Iraq: Political system and foreign policy 7. Iraq under the U.S. occupation; resistance movement, emergence of new forces 8. The unresolved disputes in the Gulf, Iran-Iraq problem, Kuwait-Iraq dispute, Saudi-Qatar issue 9. The arms race: Role of major powers 10. The emergence and role of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) 11. The Persian Gulf: disputes, role of extra-regional forces 12. Military and non-military security threats in the region 13. Confidence building, crisis management and conflict resolution the Middle East 14. The future of the Gulf region a) Management of resources b) Environmental issues

Suggested Readings

1. Abrahmian, Ervand, Iran between Two Revolutions . Princeton University Press, 1982. 2. Allen, J. (ed.), Libya since Independence . Croom Helm, 1982. 3. Amin, Samir, The Arab Economy Today . Zed Press, 1984. 4. Andrew & Walker, Behind the Myth Yasser Arafat . London: W.H. Allen, 1990. 5. Anthony, John, Duke, Arab States of the Lower Gulf . Washington D.C.: Middle East Institute, 1975. 6. Aster & Yorke, Peace in the Middle East . Transworld Publishers, 1978. 7. Blix, Hans, Disarming Iraq: The Search for Weapons of Mass Destruction . London: Bloomsbury, 2004. 8. Christina, Jones, The Untempered Wind . London: Longman Group Ltd., 1975. 9. Cobban, Helena, The Making of Modern Lebanon . Hutchinson, 1985. 10. David, Gilmour, Dispossessed Sphere . London: Books Ltd., 1975.

70 11. Francisco, Parra. Oil Politics . London: I.B. Tarus, 2004. 12. Ghada, Krmi. In Search of Fatima. A Palestinian Story . London: Verso, 2002. 13. Gubser, Peter, Jordan: Cross-roads of Middle Eastern Events . Westview, 1983. 14. Halliday, Fred, Iran: Dictatorship and Development . Pelican, 1978. 15. Halliday, Fred, The Middle East in International Relations: Power Politics and Ideology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. 16. Helms, Christine, Moss, The Cohesion of Saudi Arabia . Croom Helm, 1981. 17. Jane, Corbin, Gaza First: The Secret Norway Channel to Peace between Israel and the PLO . London: Bloomsbury Publishing Ltd., 1994. 18. Keddie, Nikki, Roots of Revolution: An Interpretive History of Modern Iran . Yale University Press, 1981. 19. Leila, Khalid, My Peoples Shall Live . London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1973. 20. Liesl, Graz, The Turbulent Gulf . London: I..B.Tauris & Co. Ltd., 1994. 21. Laurin, Mughisuddin, Foreign Policy Making in the Middle East. New York: Praeger Publishers, 1977. 22. Mohd, Ayub (ed.), Regional Security in the Third World . London: Groom Helm, 1986. 23. Mohd, Heikal, Autumn of Fury . London: Corgi Books, 1983. 24. Mohd, Heikal, The Road to Ramadan . Times Newspapers Ltd., 1975. 25. Nazih, Ayubi, N., Over-stating the Arab State Politics and Society in the Middle East. London: I.B. Tauris, 2001. 26. Rabinvich, Hamar, The War for Lebanon 1970-1983 .Cornell University Press, 1984. 27. Roy, Ash, Narain, Globalization or Gobbelization: An Arab Experience . New Delhi: Konark, 2003. 28. Saad, Ghorayeb, Amal, Hizbollah: Politics and Religion . London: Pluto, 2002. 29. Said, Edward, W., The End of the Peace Process . London: Penguin Books, 2002. 30. Scott, Ritter, War In Iraq . London: Profile Books Limited, 2002. 31. Scott, Ritter, Target Iran . New York: Avalon, 2006. 32. Sheikh, Naveed, S., The New Politics of Islam: Pan-Islamic Foreign Policy in a World of State . London: Routledge, 2003. 33. Tareq, Ismael, The Middle East in World Politics , Syracuse University Press, 1977.

Journals 1. Current History 2. Middle East Economic Review 3. Orbis 4. Pakistan Horizon 5. Strategic Studies

BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 631-B

NORTHEAST ASIA

Introduction

This course aims at introducing the history, politics and contemporary issues prevailing in the Northeast Asia. It is formulated to generate expertise among students about the various regional issues in the region, politics of major players i-e China, Japan and the Korean peninsula and their interaction with the outside world.

Contents

1. The Northeast Asia: An introduction 2. Geographic, political and socio-economic characteristics of the region 3. Global politics and the Northeast Asia 4. China: political, economic, strategic dynamics 5. China's defense and security policies. 6. China's foreign policy: An assessment 7. Japan: political, economic, strategic dynamics 8. Japan's defense and security policies. 9. Japan's foreign policy: An assessment. 10. The Hong Kong settlement and its consequences 11. Taiwan’s internal and external affairs of state 12. Korean Peninsula: political, economic, strategic and foreign policy dynamics

Suggested Readings

72 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 632-B

SOUTHEAST ASIA

Introduction

This course aims at introducing the history, politics and contemporary issues prevailing in the Southeast Asia. It is formulated to generate expertise among students about the various regional issues in the region, politics of major players i-e Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore and Thailand. Specifically the course deals with the issues of regional cooperation emphasizing upon the policies of the Association of the Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).

Contents

1. The Southeast Asia: An introduction 2. Geographic, political and socio-economic characteristics of the region 3. Countries’ interaction in the region 4. Global politics and the Southeast Asia 5. Malaysia: political, economic, strategic dynamics. External policies 6. Indonesia: political, economic, strategic dynamics. External policies 7. Philippine: A case of political instability 8. Singapore: Policies of economic growth 9. ASEAN: Formation, policies & organizational procedure 10. ASEAN: Achievements and failures 11. Southeast Asia as a case of regional cooperation in the Asian continent

Suggested Readings

Kwa, Chong, Guan & John K. Skogan (eds.), Maritime Security in Southeast Asia . Sridharan, Kripa, Regional Cooperation in South Asia and Southeast Asia. Singapore: 2007. Singh, Daljit & Lorraine Carlos Salazar (eds.), Southeast Asian Affairs 2007. Singapore: 2007.

73 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 631-C

SOUTH ASIA - I

Introduction

This course aims to examine historical, cultural, political and economic landscape of South Asia. It also tries to discuss some of the critical issues, which contribute to the emergence of conflicts in the region and results into the deepening of under-development. The course also examines South Asia’s interaction with major powers of the world and its role in the international system.

Contents

1. South Asia: An introduction 2. Colonialism in South Asia and the struggle for national independence; problems of nation building 3. Features of South Asian economy, population growth, environmental hazards, debt problem, science and technology in South Asia and strategies for poverty alleviation and development 4. South Asia's trade with other regions, problems of intra-regional trade 5. Problems of governance in South Asia: Religion, ethnicity and politics; military and politics; inter state conflicts in South Asia 6. South Asia as a sub-system of international system 7. South Asia and major powers 8. South Asia and Non-aligned Movement, South Asia and the UN 9. SAARC: A Study of regional co-operation 10. South Asia: Futuristic trends

74 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 632-C

SOUTH ASIA -II Introduction

This course provides an in depth information about the countries of South Asia in the context of history, geography, demography, politics and foreign relations. It also discusses some of the issues of development and political stability faced by the countries of South Asia.

Contents

1. South Asian states: Geographic, demographic, historical and cultural profile 2. India: Government and politics; economy; foreign and security policy; internal conflicts and movements for change 3. Pakistan: Government and politics; economy; foreign and security policy; internal conflicts and movements for change 4. Afghanistan: Government and politics; economy, foreign and security policy; internal conflicts and movements for change 5. Sri Lanka: Government and politics; economy; foreign and security policy; internal conflicts and movements for change 6. Nepal: Government and politics; economy; foreign and security policy; internal conflicts and movements for change . 7. Bangladesh: Government and politics; economy; foreign and security policy; internal conflicts and movements for change 8. Bhutan: Government and politics; economy; foreign and security policy; internal conflicts and movements for change 9. Maldives: Government and politics; economy; foreign and security policy; internal conflicts and movements for change

Suggested Readings

1. Ahmad, Mushtaq, Foreign Policy: Pakistan's Options . Karachi: Royal Book Co. 1995. 2. Ahmar, Moonis, The Road to Peace in South Asia: Lessons for India and Pakistan from the Arab-Israel Peace Process . Illinois: Programme in Arms Control, Disarmament and International Security, 1996. 3. Ahmed, Imtiaz, State and Foreign Policy: India's Role in South Asia . New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House, 1993. 4. Ahmed, Samina (ed.), Pakistan and the Bomb: Public Opinion and Nuclear Option. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2000. 5. Akbar, S., Ahmed, Pakistan Society: Islam, Ethnicity and Leadership in South Asia . Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1987. 6. Alam, Imtiaz, Religious Revivalism in South Asia . Lahore: Sapna, 2006. 7. Alam, Imtiaz, SAARC: South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation . Lahore: Sapna, 2006. 8. Ali, Mujtaba, Soundings on South Asia . New Delhi: New Dawn, 2005. 9. Askari, Hasan, Rizvi, Pakistan and the Geo-Strategic Environment: A Study of Foreign Policy , Houndmills: Macmillan Press, 1993.

75 10. Baral, Raj, Lok, Nepal: Problems of Governance . New Delhi: Konark, 1993. 11. Burki, Javed, Shahid, Pakistan under the Military: Eleven Years of Zia ul Haq . Boulder: Westview Press 1991. 12. Chander, Prakash, India and Pakistan Unending Conflict . New Delhi: A. P.H, 2003. 13. Chari. P., Perception, Politics and Security in South Asia . London: Routledge, 2003. 14. Chaudhury, G., W., Pakistan: Transition from Military to Civilian Rule. Buckhurst Hill: Scorpion, 1988. 15. Dagmar, Hellamann & Raj Anayagam, The Tamil Tigers: Armed Struggle for Identity . Stutgart: Franz Steiner, 1994. 16. Grover, V., India's Neighbors and Her Foreign Policy . New Delhi: Deep and Deep Publications, 1992. 17. Haider, Azim, Hussain, India-Pakistan Insight: Basics and Cosmetics in Human Affairs , Karachi: Royal Books, 2006. 18. Haider, S., M., Pakistan, Central Asia and the Region: Prospects of Regional Cooperation . Lahore: Progressive Publishers, 1994. 19. Haq, Mahbub, Human Development in South Asia 1997 . Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1997. 20. Hussain, Akmal, Strategic Issues in Pakistan's Economic Policy . Lahore: Progressive Publishers, 1988. 21. Hussain, Mushahid & Hussain, Akmal, Pakistan: Problems of Governance . Lahore: Vanguard Books Pvt. Ltd., 1993. 22. Iftikharuzaman (ed.), South Asia's Security: Primacy of Internal Dimension . New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House, 1995. 23. JalaI, Ayesha, Democracy and Authoritarianism in South Asia: A Comparative and Historical Perspective . Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publishers, 1995. 24. Jalal, Ayesha, The State of Martial Rule: The Origins of Pakistan's Political Economy of Defense . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990. 25. Jalalzai, Musa Khan, A New Hope for Peace in South Asia: India-Pak Relations, Nuclear Weapons and Cross Border Infiltration . Lahore: Alabbas International, 2005. 26. Kapur, H., India's Foreign Policy 1947-92: Shadows and Substance . New Delhi: Sage, 1994. 27. Kinnvali, Katrina (ed.), Globalization and Democratization in Asia: The Construction of Identity . London: Routledge, 2002. 28. Krepon, Micheal & Sevak, Amit (eds.), Crisis Prevention, Confidence Building and Reconciliation between India and Pakistan . Lahore, Vanguard Books (Pvt.) Ltd., 1996. 29. Lamb, Alastair, Kashmir: A Disputed Legacy 1946 -1990 . Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1992. 30. Mahmood, M., Regional Integration in South Asia: Perspectives and Prospects . New Delhi: S. Chand Publications, 1987. 31. Matinuddin, Kamal, The Nuclearization of South Asia . Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2002. 32. Mendis, V., SAARC: Origins, Organization and Prospects . Perth: Indian Ocean Center for Peace Studies, 1991. 33. Mirza, Nusrat, Asia Atomic Club . Karachi: Rabita Publications, 2000. 34. Naseem, Farooq, Bajwa, Pakistan and the West: The First Decade 1947-1957. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1990 35. Ponna, Wignaraja & Hussain, Akmal (eds.), The Challenge in South Asia: Development, Democracy and Regional Cooperation . Karachi Oxford University Press, 1989. 36. R. Gunaratna, Indian Intervention in Sri Lanka: The Role of India's Intelligence Agencies . Colombo: South Asian Network on Conflict Research, 1993. 37. R. W. Brandnoch, India' a Foreign Policy since 1971 . London: RIIA/Printer Publishers, 1990.

76 38. Rizvi, Gowher, South Asia in a Changing International Order . Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1993. 39. Shamsul, Haq, Muhammad, Bangladesh in International Politics: The Dilemmas of Weak States . New Delhi: Sterling Publishers, 1993. 40. Silva, De, Sri Lanka: Problems 0f Governanc. Delhi: Konark, 1993. 41. Subhan, Rehman, Bangladesh: Problems of Governance . Dhaka: The University Press Ltd., 1993. 42. Ton, William (ed.), Asia’s Emerging and Regional Order: Reconciling Traditional and Human Security . New Delhi: Manas, 2004. 43. Upreti, B., C. (ed.), SAARC: Dynamics of Regional Cooperation in South Asia. New Delhi: Kalinga, 2000. 44. Ziring, Lawrence, Bangladesh from Mujib to Ershad, An Interpretative Study , Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1992.

Journals

1. Asian Survey 2. Pakistan Horizon 3. Regional Studies 4. Strategic Studies 5. Journal of South Asian & Middle Eastern Studies 6. BIIS Journal

77 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 631-E

NORTH AMERICAN STUDIES

Introduction

This course intends to discuss the historical, conceptual and theoretical foundations of North American foreign policies and their interaction with the rest of the world. It also examines the rise of the U.S. as a great power and its involvement in different regions of the world.

Contents

1. An introduction to North American Region: a. Theoretical and organizational aspects of American Foreign Policy b. Determinants, objectives and principles of American Foreign Policy c. US. Foreign Policy formulation and execution 2. U.S. and its rise to world Power status 3. American Foreign Policy during the inter-war period 4. U.S. and the Second World War 5. U.S. and the United Nations 6. U.S. - Soviet relations since 1945 7. U.S. and Europe 8. U.S. and Asia 9. U.S. and Africa 10. U.S. and Latin America 11. U.S. and the Middle East 12. U.S. and the Gulf/Indian Ocean regions 13. American Strategic doctrines 14. US arms control and disarmament policy since 1945 15. U.S role in the post-Cold War International Order 16. Government and politics of Canada; the issue of Quebec 17. Foreign Policy of Canada; domestic factors, relations with the U.S: Cooperation or conflict 18. Foreign Policy of Mexico 19. Future role and challenges

Suggested Readings

1) Booth, Ken et al (ed.), Worlds in Collision: Terror and the Future of Global Order , New York: Palgrave, 2002. 2) Draper, T. Abuse of Power: U.S. Foreign Policy from Cuba to Vietnam Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1969. 3) Dulles, Foster Rhea. America’s rise to world power (1898-1954) New York: Harper, 1955. 4) Duroselle, Jean, Baptistle. From Wilson to Roosevelt: foreign Policy of the United States (1913-1945) London: Chatto & Windus, 1964. 5) Graeber, N.A. America as a World Power: A Realistic Appraisal from Wilson to Reagan New Delhi: Universal Book Stall, 1986.

78 6) Griffith, William, E. The Super Powers and Regional Tensions: The USSR, The United States and Europe Lexington Books, 1982 7) Halliday, Fred, Two Hours That Shook the World , London: Saqi Books, 2002. 8) Khatri, Sridhar, et al (ed.), Terrorism in South Asia , Colombo: Regional Center for Strategic Studies, 2003. 9) Kenberry, John, G. (ed.), American Foreign Policy: Theoretical Essays Forsman, 1989. 10) Kegley, Charles, W. and Wittkpot, Fugene. American Foreign Policy: Pattern and Process (New York: St. Martin press, 1991. 11) Fratt, W. Juliue. A History of American Foreign Policy . New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1965. 12) Stenbruner, Johan, D. (ed.), Restructuring American Foreign Policy . Washington: Brookings Institute, 1989.

Journals

1. Current History 2. Foreign Affairs 3. Foreign Policy 4. Pacific Affairs 5. Pakistan Journal of American Studies 6. Survival 7. World Politics

79 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 632-E

RUSSIAN AND CENTRAL ASIAN STUDIES

Introduction

This course discusses the historical, political, cultural and economic growth of Russia and its territorial expansion in trans Caucasian region, Central Asia and Siberia. It also examines the emergence of Soviet Union and its rise as a superpower. The emergence of independent Central Asian states after the collapse of the Soviet Union and their role in regional and world affairs has also been examined in this course.

Contents

Section – A

1. Geography, politics and resources of Russia 2. Russia from monarchy to revolution 3. The Soviet foreign policy formulation and execution in the post 1917 period 4. A study of Soviet Foreign Policy since 1945 a) Soviet -U.S relations b) Soviet Union and Europe c) Soviet Union and Asia. d) Soviet Union and the Middle Eas. e) Soviet Union and Africa f) Soviet Union and Latin America g) Soviet strategic doctrines h) Soviet Union and the U.N 5. Soviet domestic and foreign policy under Mikhail Gorbachev: evolution and implications 6. The Soviet disunion: from Communism to plural democracy 7. Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)p 8. Goals and priorities and major initiatives of the Russian Foreign Policy 9. Russian Foreign Policy: Futuristic trends

Section– B

1. Salient features of Central Asia 2. Government and politics in Central Asia 3. Major issues in Central Asia: ethnicity, regional conflicts, Russian domination, economic development 4. Central Asia and the neighboring states 5. The process of conflict and cooperation in Central Asia 6. Pakistan and Central Asia 7. Future role of Central Asia in world affairs

80 Suggested Readings

1. Ahmar, Moonis (ed.), Contemporary Central Asia . Karachi: Department of International Relations/Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, 1995. 2. Bailey, F., M., Mission to Tashkent . New York: Oxford University Press, 1992. 3. Banuzizi, Ali, The New Geo-Politics of Central Asia and Its borderlands . London: Tauris, 1994. 4. Bennigsen A., & Broxup M., Islam; Threat to the Soviet Union . London: Croom Helm, 1983. 5. Bennigsen, A., Islam in the Soviet Union . London: Pall Mall Press, 1967. 6. Brown, A., Soviet Policy for the 1980s . London: MacMillan, 1982. 7. Caroe, Olaf, Soviet Empire: The Turks of Central Asia and Stalinism . London: MacMillan, 1953. 8. Conquest, Robert, Soviet Nationalities Policy in Practice . London: Dedley Head, 1967. 9. Cotton, T., J., The Dilemma of Reform in the Soviet Union . New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1986. 10. Dani, Ahmed, Hasan, New Light on Central Asia . Lahore: Sang-e-Meel, 1993. 11. Gupta, B., S., Soviet -American Relations in the 1970s and Beyond . New York: Praeger, 1976. 12. Gupta, Rakesh, State in India, Pakistan, Russia and Central Asia . Delhi: Kalpaz, 2004. 13. Malik, Hafeez, Russian-American Relations: Islamic and Turkish Dimensions in the Volga- Ural basin . Houndmills: Macmillan Press, 2000. 14. Mandelbaum, M., Western Approaches to the Soviet Union . New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1988. 15. Marantz, P., From Lenin to Gorbachev, Changing Soviet Perspective on East- West Relations . Ottawa: Canadian Institute for International Peace and Security, 1988. 16. Nahayle, B., Soviet Disunion: A History of the Nationalities Problems in the USSR. London: Hamilton, 1990. 17. RO'I, Yaacov, The USSR and the Muslim World: Issues in Domestic and Foreign Policy . London: Allen & Unwin, 1984. 18. Rywkin, M., Moscow, Muslim Challenge: Soviet Central Asia . London: C. Hurst, 1982. 19. Ton, William (ed.), Asia’s Emerging and Regional Order: Reconciling Traditional and Human Security . New Delhi: Manas, 2004. 20. Troitsky, A., et. al., A Short History of the USSR . Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1972. 21. Veen, Hans-Jachim (ed.), From Brezhnev to Gorbachev: Domestic Affairs and Soviet Foreign Policy . Leamington Spa, Berg, 1987. 22. Wheelev, Geoffrey, The Modern History of Soviet Central Asia . London: Nicolson, 1964. 23. Zenkovsky, Serge, A., Pan- Turkism and Islam in Russia . Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1967.

Journals

1. Russian Politic 2. Asian Survey 3. Central Asia 4. International Affairs (Moscow) 5. Pakistan Horizon (Karachi) 6. Strategic Studies (Islamabad.)

81 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 631-D

AFRICAN STUDIES-1

Introduction This course examines history, politics and foreign relations of African states with the rest of the world. It also highlights the problems of development and political stability faced by the African continent.

Contents

1. An introduction to Africa a) Importance b) Basic facts c) Political geography 2. African society, people, religion and culture 3. African ideologies, government, and legal systems 4. Colonialism a) Evolution b) Colonial Policies c) Concluding observations 5. National movements in Africa; the Horn of Africa, Southern Africa 6. Pan Africansim a) General principles b) Historical phases 7. Major African problems; poverty; debt burden, armaments, internal conflicts 8. The Organization of African Unity (OAU) and the management of violent conflict 9. Africa: The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), The Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC). 10. Crisis areas in contemporary Africa: case studies 11. Africa and the U.N.

82 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 632-D

AFRICAN STUDIES II

Introduction

This course throws light upon external factors, which are influential in shaping the dynamics of African politics. It explores the theme of colonialism, neo-colonialism and the modern day imperialism in the context of Africa’s position in the world.

Contents

Non-African Actors in Africa

1. United States Africa policy 2. Russia's Africa policy 3. Europe and Africa 4. The Arab interests in Africa; the Afro Arabs, Arab League 5. Israel’s Africa Policy

Government and Politics of Major African Countries

6. South Africa; Regional economic and political relationship, domestic Politics, Apartheid and Black Revolution 7. Angola 8. Nigeria 9. Zaire 10. Pakistan Relations with African countries 11. The future of Africa.

Suggested Readings

1. Alulko, Olajide (ed.), Africa and the Great Powers in the 1980's. Maryland: University Press of America, 1986. 2. Bel1, Mcrag, Contemporary Africa . New York: Longman, 1986. 3. Bender, Gerald, J., et. al., African Crisis Areas and United States Foreign Policy . Berkeley, C.A.: University of California Press, 1985. 4. Bissel, Richard, E., South Africa and the United States: The Erosion of an Influence Relationship . New York: Praeger, 1982. 5. Borgin, Karl & Corbett, Kathleen, The Destruction of a Continent: Africa and International Aid . California, 1982. 6. Calvocovessi, Peter, Independent Africa and the World. New York: Longman, 1985. 7. Chabal, Patrick (ed.), Political Domination in Africa: Reflection on the Limits of Power . New York.: Cambridge University Press, 1988. 8. Chailand, Gerard, The Struggle for Africa: Politics of the Great Powers . New York: St. Martins, 1982.

83 9. Crowder, Michael & Oliver, Roland (eds.), The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Africa . London: Cambridge University Press, 1981. 10. Crowder, Michael (ed.), The Cambridge History of Africa . Vol.7: 1940-1976. London: Cambridge University Pres, 1984. 11. Dudley, B., An Introduction to Nigerian Government and Policies. New York: Macmillan, 1983. 12. Emerson, Rupert & Kilson, Martin (eds.), The Political Awakening of Africa . New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1985. 13. Frankel, Philip, H., Pretoria's Praetorians: Civil-Military Relations in South Africa. London: Cambridge University Press, 1984. 14. Goody, Jack, Technology, Tradition and the State in Africa . London: Cambridge University Press, 1984. 15. Griffiths, levan, An Atlas of African Affairs . New York: Methvan Inc, 1984. 16. Gromyko, Anatoly, Africa: Progress Problems and Prospects . New York, State Mutual Book, 1983. 17. Haseeb, Khair, El-Din, (ed.), The Arabs & Africa . Beirut: Center for Arab Unity Studies, 1935. 18. Hodges, Tony, Western Studies: The Roots of Desert War . London: Croom Helm, 1983. 19. Kosukhin, N., Revolutions and Democracy in Africa . Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1985. 20. Woodward, Peter, The Horn of Africa: Politics and International Relations . London: I.B. Tauris, 2001.

84 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 631-D

EUROPEAN STUDIES - I

Introduction

This course explores Western Europe’s history, politics and its influence on the outside world after the onset of Industrial Revolution. It aims to analyze the profound impact that the European world has had upon all the regions of the world.

Contents

1. Western Europe: Introduction to the region 2. World War II and its impact on the societies of West Europe 3. European economic recovery programme: Its aims and objectives 4. The process and policy of integration in Western Europe 5. U.S and the Western Europe – Politico-economic partnership and competition 6. USSR and Western Europe relations in the historical perspective 7. NATO during the Cold War and after 8. Major West Europe states. Defense and foreign polices 9. Western Europe; the third world problems on the North - South agenda 10. Euro Communism - causes and consequences. 12. The peace process in the 1970s and beyond 13. West Europe in the post Cold War era.

Suggested Readings

1. Alting, Von, Gellsan (ed.), Allies in a Turbulent World Challenges: U.S. and Western European Cooperative Mass: Lexington, D.C Hath, 1983. 2. Carlsnaes, Walter (ed.), Contemporary European Foreign Policy. London: Sage, 2004. 3. Coromony, Cuyde & Story. Jonathan (eds.), Western Europe in World Affairs, Continuity, Change and Challenge . London: Praeger, 1986. 4. Czemiel & Roston (eds.), The Euro-American System . Colorado: Westview Press, 1976. 5. David, S., Landes (eds.), Western Europe: The Trial of Partnership . Lexington: 1977. 6. Derel, Paul, Defending Europe: Options for Security . London: Taylor & Frances, 1986. 7. Gregony, Flynn, The Internal Fabric of the Western Security . London: Croom Helm, 1981. 8. Hodges, M., Chael, Economic Divergence in European Community . London: Allen and Union, 1981. 9. James, R., Golden (ed.), NATO at Forty, Change, Continuity and Prospects for Future . Westview: 1989. 10. M., Black, Sell, Post-War Europe: A Political Geography . London: Mathew, 1945. 11. Mayne, R., The Recovery of Europe , London: 1973, 12. Michael, Smit, Western Europe and the United States, the Uncertain Alliance . London: Allen and Union, 1984. 13. Peterson, John (ed.), Europe, America, Bush: Transatlantic Relations in the 21 st Century. London: Routledge, 2003. 14. Philip, Taylor, When Europe Speaks with one Voice . London: Greenwood, 1979. 15. Smith, Karen, European Union Foreign Policy in Changing World . Cambridge: Polity, 2003.

85 16. Vander, Beuge, From Marshall Aid to Atlantic Partnership European Integration a Concern of American Foreign Policy . Amsterdam: Alsevier, 1966. 17. Wen, Tangeru, Paul (ed.), Searching for Peace in Europe and Eurasia: An Overview of Conflict Prevention and Peace Building Activities. London: Lynne Rienner, 2003.

Journals

1. Australian Outlook 2. Current History 3. Foreign affairs 4. International affairs 5. International Organization Journal of European Common Market 6. Journal of European Studies 7. NATO Review

86 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 632-F

EUROPEAN STUDIES - II Introduction

This course studies in depth the politics and history of Eastern Europe, particularly in the post- 1945 era. The course explores different dimensions, which have influenced Eastern Europe political dynamics in the Cold War and the post-Cold War world.

Contents

1. Introduction to Eastern Europe 2. Eastern Europe before the Soviet take over 3. Theory and practice of Communism 4. The Soviet take over of eastern Europe and application of Communism 5. Economic and political relationships in the Soviet block a. CMEA (Council of Mutual Economic Assistance) or COMECON as a tool of Soviet control over Eastern Europe b. Major uprisings in Eastern Europe: A reflection of Euro Communism 6. The collapse of Communist regimes in Eastern Europe and its causes 7. Eastern Europe's transition towards market economy since 1989 8. Government and politics of major East European States: Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Romania and Bulgaria 9. Eastern Europe and the European security after the Warsaw Treaty Organization (WTO) 10. Eastern Europe economic relations with the Western Europe 11. Nationalism and ethnicity in Eastern Europe. Yugoslavian disintegration as a case study 12. Eastern Europe relations with the U.S., Russia and the Third World in the post Cold War era

Suggested Readings

1. Buzan, Barry et. al., The European Security Order Recast: Scenarios for the Post Cold War Era. London: Pinter Publishers, 1990. 2. Calvocereasi, Peter, Resilient Europe: 1970-2000. London: Longman, 1991. 3. Carlsnaes, Walter (ed.), Contemporary European Foreign Policy . London: Sage, 2004. 4. Civic, Christopher, Remaking the Balkans . London: Pinter Publications, 1991. 5. Donia, Robert, J. & Fine, John, V., A., Bosnia-Hercgovia: A Tradition Betrayed . New York, Columbia University Press, 1994. 6. Griffith, William, E., Central and Eastern Europe: The Opening Curtain . London: Westview. 1989. 7. Kahler, Miles & Link, Werner European and America. A return to History . New York: Council of Foreign Relations Press, 1996. 8. Kramer, Steven, Philip & Kyriskopoules, Irene, Trouble in Paradise? Europe in the 21 st Century . Washington D.C.: Institute for National Strategic Studies, 1996. 9. Lewis, Paul, G., Eastern Europe: Political Crisis and Legitimation. London: Croom Helm, 1984. 10. Ma1celm, Noel, Bosnia: A short History . London: McMillan, 1994.

87 11. Madelbu, Michael, Post Communism: Four Perspectives. New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1996, 12. Okey, Robin, Eastern Europe 1740-1980: Feudalisms to Communism . London: Hutchinson 1982. 13. Rees, G., Wyn (ed.), International Politics on Europe . London: Routledge, 1993. 14. Smith, Karen, European Union Foreign Policy in Changing World . Cambridge: Polity, 2003. 15. Staar, Richard, F., Communist Regimes in Eastern Europe. California, Hoover Institute Press, 1982. 16. Swain, Geoffery & Swain, Nigel, Eastern Europe since 1945 . London: McMillan, 1993. 17. Treverton, Gregory, F., The Shape of the New Europe . New York: Council of Foreign Relations Press, 1992.

Journals

1. Current History 2. Foreign Affairs 3. International Affairs 4. Journal of European Studies 5. New Times

88 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 641-A

HUMAN RIGHTS IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Introduction

This course is intended to provide historical, conceptual and political dimensions of human rights in world politics. It discusses the concept of human rights with a pluralistic perspective keeping in view the major issues and challenges present in today’s world concerning human rights.

Contents

1. Human Rights: A conceptual framework 2. Human Rights in Western Political thought, Plato, Aristotle, Locke, Rousseau, Laski, Kant 3. Theories of human rights; theory of natural rights, Historical Theory of rights, Legal Theory of rights, 4. Moral, legal and human rights 5. The legal and moral foundations of human rights in Islam 6. Concept of justice in Islam, protection of minorities in Islam, Islamic Charter and declarations. 7. The basis of democracy and human rights in Islam 8. Human rights and cultural relativism, Hohfeld's concept, human rights as minimum standard, the sources and significance of social rights, moral diversity, religion and ideology 9. Theory and structure of freedom in contemporary world; the values of freedom, the Empiricist-utilitarian tradition, idealist conceptions of freedom, relationship between security and freedom, conflicting freedom demands, determinants of psychological, social and political freedom. 10. The rights of the people under International Law 11. Origins and growth of human rights in Islam, Islamic Charter of Rights to the Christians, Prophets’ (PBUH) last Congressional address. Magna Carta (1206), Petition of Rights. Declaration of Man and Citizens (1789), The Bill of Rights (1776-91).

BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 642-A

HUMAN RIGHTS Introduction

This course is designed to introduce students the various perspectives found in the theory and practice of human rights and the organizations that institutionally monitor the conditions of human rights in the world. It examines the concept of human rights with multi-disciplinary perspective.

Contents

1. The impact of French and American revolutions on human rights 2. The world institutions and human rights, the League of Nations, U.N and human rights 3. Helsinki Accord and after 4. Enhancing global human rights; international human rights norms, case studies, types of violations 5. Regionalization of human rights, European Convention on Human Rights, American Convention and Human Rights, African Charter on Human Rights, Teheran Declaration of Human Rights 6. Non-Governmental Organizations and human rights. Amnesty International, Helsinki Watch, Asia Watch 7. Human rights and international relations. 8. Theory of Human Rights in East-West relations, human rights in North-South relations, human rights in contemporary World society 9. Human rights and politics 10. The politics of human rights in global affairs 11. The ethics of human rights 12. Human Rights after September 11, 2001

Suggested Readings

1. Braig, Marriane (ed.), Common Ground or Mutual Exclusion? Women’s Movement and International Relations . London: Zed Books, 2002. 2. Dominguez, Jorge, et. Al., Balancing Global Human Rights . Mac Graw Hall. 3. Donnelly, Jack, Universal Human Rights In Theory and Practice (India: Manas Publications, 2005). 4. Eqeland, Jan, Impotent Super-Power-Potent-Small State . Norwegian University Press, 1981. 5. Ezejiofor, Gaive, Protection of Human Rights under the Law . London: Butterworths, 1964. 6. Fawcett, J., E., S., The Application of the European Convention on Human Rights . Oxford Clarendom Press, 1987. 7. Forsythe, David, Human Rights and Diversity: Area Studies . Lincoln: University of Nebraska, 2003. 8. Forsythe, David, P., Human Rights and Development . London: Macmillan, 1989.

90 9. Goodwin, Geoftrcy (ed.), Ethics and Nuclear Deterrence . London: Croom Helm, 1982. 10. Gould, Carol, Globalizing Democracy and Human Rights . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 11. Haider, S., M. (ed.), Islamic Concept of Human Rights . Lahore, Book House, 1978. 12. Hanson, Eric, The Catholic Church in World Politics . New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1987. 13. Jorgensen, Frank, Human Rights in the Global Information Society (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2006). 14. Kazmi, Fareed, Human Rights - Myth and Reality . Delhi: International Publications House, 1987. 15. Mertus, Julie, The United Nations and Human Rights: A Guide for a New Era (London: Routledge, 2005) 16. Rai, Rahul, Human Rights: UN Initiatives . New Delhi: Authors Press, 2000. 17. Talbot, William, Which Rights should be Universal? Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. 18. Tomuschat, Christina, Human Rights between Idealism and Realism . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. 19. Vincent, R., J., Human Rights and International Relations . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. Cassese, Antonio, Human Rights in a Changing World (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1990)

91 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 641-B

PEACE RESEARCH AND PEACE MOVEMENTS

Introduction

This course is designed to highlight the theory and concepts of peace and nonviolence in the World. It discusses various peace movements and the role of various state and non-state actors in the area of such movements.

Contents

1. The pedagogy of peace: approaches to the study of peace 2. Peace studies: An evolutionary perspective 3. Peace studies and strategic studies: towards a theory of peace 4. The institution of war and War Resistance Movement 5. Disarmament and development; changing concept of security 6. Concept of power in peace 7. The great civilizations of peace; culture of peace 8. Nonviolence in religious teaching & practice 9. Contemporary peace and nonviolent movements, including the movement against hunger, disease, war and nuclear weapons and movement for democracy and civil society; Women's Movement; Human Rights Movement 10. UN, NGOs and the movement for political and social change 11. Visions of alternative futures

Suggested Readings

1. Azar & Johan, W., Burton (eds.), International Conflict Resolution: Theory and Practice . Brighton: Whatshaef, 1986. 2. Braig, Marriane (ed.), Common Ground or Mutual Exclusion? Women’s Movement and International Relations. London: Zed Books, 2002. 3. Bright, Brock-Utne, Education for Peace: A Feminist Perspective . New York: Pergamon Press, Inc., 1985. 4. Carter, Peace Movement . London: Longman, 1992. 5. David, P., Barash, Introduction to Peace Studies . Belmon: Wadsworth, 1991. 6. Dietrich, Fischer, Non-military Aspects of Security: A System's Approach . Geneva: United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, 1993. 7. Forsythe, David, Human Rights and Diversity: Area Studies. Lincoln: University of Nebraska, 2003. 8. Gene, Sharp, The Politics of Nonviolent Action . Boston: Extending Horizons Books, 1973. 9. James, Calleja (ed.), The Essential Peace , Msida, Malta: Mireva Publications, 1996. 10. James, N., Rosenau, Turbulence in World Politics: A Theory of Change and Continuity . Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990. 11. Johan, Galtung, Essays in Peace Research . Copenhagen: Christian Ejlers, 1975. 12. Johan, Galtung, Peace by Peaceful Means: Peace and Conflict , Development and Civilization . London: Sage Publications Ltd., 1996.

92 13. Kenneth, E., Doulding , Stable Peace . Austin: University of Texas Press, 1978. 14. Lemke, Doughlas, Regions of War and Peace . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. 15. Mueel, Salla, et. al., Essays on Peace Paradigms for Global Order . Queens land: Central Queens land University Press, 1995. 16. Peter, Willets, The Conscience of the World: The Influence of Non-Governmental Organizations in the UN System . London: Hurst & Company, 1996. 17. Richard, Falk, The Promise of World Order: Essays in Normative International Relations . Brighton: Harvester- Wheatshaef, 1988. 18. Saul, Mendlovitz & R., B., J., Walker (eds.), Towards a Just World Peace: Perspectives from Social Movements . London: Butterworths, 1987.

Various Studies of the UN and UN Agencies including those of the United Nations Institute of Disarmament Research, Publications of SIPRI, PRIO, Henry L. Stimson center and U.S. Institute for Peace etc.

Journals

1. Journal of Peace Research. 2. Cooperation and Conflict 3. International Social Science Journal 4. Peace Review 5. Peace and Change 6. International Journal of Peace Studies 7. Pacific Review. 8. Peace, Security and Change

93 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 642-B

REFUGEE AND MIGRATION STUDIES

Introduction

This course explores the phenomenon of refugees and migration all over the world. It focuses on the consequences of displacement and statelessness in the world and on the strategies for alleviation and amelioration of the sufferings of the displaced. It highlights the different conflicts causing large scale displacements.

Contents

1. Refugees and Migration Studies: An introduction 2. Refugee definition: A historical study 3. Human Migration: A historical overview 4. International Law and refugees and asylum seekers 5. Modern diasporas: Causes and consequences 6. Refugees’ case studies: Palestine, Vietnam, Afghanistan, Bosnia and Rwanda 7. The League of Nations and refugees; UN and refugees: Intergovernmental Organizations, NGOs and refugees 8. Features and problems of post-Cold War migration 9. Refugee and immigration policy of major powers 10. Strategies to reduce refugee flow and forced migration 11. National and international Migration: Challenges for the future

Suggested Readings

1. Aristide, Zolberg, Astri, Escape from Violence: Conflict and the Refugee Crisis in the Suharko and Sergio Developing WorId . New York: Oxford University Press, 1989. 2. Barbara, Harrel-Bond, Imposing Aid: Emergency Assistance to Refugees . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986. 3. D., Keen (ed.), Refugee: Rationing the Right to Life . London: Zed Books. 4. Eugene, M., Kuliseher, Europe on the Move: War and Population Change, 1917-1947 . New York: Columbia University Press, 1948. 5. Gabriel, Sheffer (ed.), Modern Diasporas in International Politics . London: Croom Helm, 1988. 6. Gil, Loescher & L., Monahan (eds.), Refugees and International Relations. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989. 7. Gilbert, D., Loescher, Beyond Charity: International Cooperation and the Global Refugee Crisis. Oxford: Oxford University Pres. 1996. 8. Gys, S., Goodwin-Gil, The Refugee in International Law . Oxford: Clarenndon Press, 1983. 9. Leon, Gordenker, Refugees in International Politics . London: Croom Helm, 1987. 10. Louis, W., Holdern, The International Refugee Organization: Its History and Work 1946- 1952 . London: Oxford University Press, 1956.

94 11. M., Kritz, et. al., Global Trends in Migration: Theory and Research in International Population Movements . New York: The Center for Migration Studies. 1981. 12. Maryon, Weiner (ed.), International Migration and Security . Boulder: Westview Press, 1993. 13. McDowell (ed.), Undersigning Impoverishment: The Consequences of Development Induced Displacement . Oxford: Refugee Studies Programme, Oxford University Press, 1996. 14. R., Appleyard, International Migration Today: Trends and Prospects. Paris: UNESCO, 1988. 15. R. Appleyard International Migration: Challenge for the Nineties. Geneva: International Organization for Migration, 1991. 16. R., Cohen (ed.), Cambridge Survey of WorId Migration . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. 17. Roberta, Cohen, Human Rights Protection for Internally Displaced Persons . Washington, D.C.: Refugee Policy Group. 1991. 18. Muni, S., D., & Raj, Lok Baral (eds.), Refugees and Regional Security in South Asia . Colombo: Regional Center for Strategic Studies, 1996. 19. Vitit, Muintarbhorn, The Status of Refugees in Asia . Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993. 20. William, J., Durch (ed.), UN Peace Keeping, American Policy and the Uncivil Wars . Washington: Henry L. Stimson Center, 1996,

Various studies of the United Nations and UN agencies including those of UNHCR and UNRWA and the publications of the Refugee Studies Programme, University of Oxford, International Organization for Migration (Geneva), Refugee Policy Group (Washington D.C): the Center for Migration Studies (New York), Lawyer Committee for International Human Rights (New York), Amnesty, International (London), Scandinavian Institute for American Studies (Uppsala), etc.

Journals 1. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 2. Journal of Refugee Studies 3. International Journal of Refugee Law 4. International Migration Review 5. International Migration 6. Population and Development Review

95 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 641-C

ENVIROMENT AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Introduction

This course throws light upon the growing human concern for the environment and its preservation in the light of increasing industrialization and urbanization. It discusses various environmental issues and conflicts and prescribes solutions for them particularly in the context of inter-state relations.

Contents

1. Environment and International Relations: Purpose, scope and importance 2. General ecology, Ecological System, man biosphere, ozone layer depletion, greenhouse effect, water logging, desertification, floods, biodiversity etc. 3. Why environmental problems persist? Traditional indicators: Air, water, toxins and consumer wastes, lack of planning and other factors 4. Pakistan's environmental problems and nature resource management, industrialization and Pakistan's irrigation/dams and environmental energy and environmental pollution in Pakistan. 5. International investment and it's implications for environment in Pakistan, mining and environmental policy 6. Development and environment: Towards sustainable development; sustainable development in Pakistan. 7. National Conservation Strategy Environmental legislation in Pakistan/Pakistan's Environmental Policy

96 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 642-C

ENVIRONMENT AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Contents

1. International Law and environment: International conventions on environment 2. International trade and environment: WTO and environment: ISO 14000; environment and Pakistan's economic relations with the world 3. International organizations and environment: UN and environmental EU and environment; SAARC and environment, ASEAN and environment 4. Interstate environment conflicts and conflict resolution with respect to North-South relations 5. Formulation of environmental Polices/Environmental diplomacy 6. Religion, culture and environment

Suggested Readings

1. Banuri, Tariq & Holmber, Johan, A Southern Perspective . London: International Institutes for Environment and Development, 1992. 2. Bhatti, Akhtar, K. & Jannet, Gule, The Holy Quran on Environment . Karachi: Royal Book Co., 1995. 3. Benedick, Richard, Eliot, Ozone Diplomacy: New Directions in Safeguarding the Planet . Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1991. 4. Brown, Lester et. al., The Planet : How to Shape an Environmentally Sustainable Global Economy ? London: W. W. Norton & Co., 1991. 5. Caroll, Johan, E., Environmental Diplomacy . Michigan: University of Michigan Press, 1986. 6. Gandhi, Rajiv, Our Common Future . Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1987. 7. Harrison, Paul, The Third Revolution: Environment Population and a Sustainable World . New York: I. B. Taurus & Co. 8. Hockman, Bernard & Koteck, The Political Economy of the World Trading System: From GATT to WTO . London: Oxford University Press, 1996. 9. Kamieniecki, Sheldon O'Brien, et. al., Controversies in Environmental Policy . New York: State University of New York Press, 1986. 10. Lawrence, Robert, et. al., Emerging Agenda for Global Trade: High Stakes for Developing Countries . New York: The Overseas Development Council, 1996. 11. Mian, Alim & Mirza, M., Y., Javed, Pakistan's Soil Resources . Karachi: Rosette, 1996. 12. Middleton, Nick, The Global Casino: An Introduction to Environmental Issues . Arnold: 1995. 13. Mumtaz, Khawar, Pakistan's Environment: A Historical Perspective . Karachi: JRC-IUCN, 1989. 14. Renner, Michael, National Security: The Economic and Environmental Dimensions . Washington D.C.: World Watch Institute, 1989. 15. Rosenbaum, Walter. A., Environmental Politics and Policy . Washington D.C.: Congressional Quarterly Press, 1991. 16. Silver, Cheryl, Simon & De Fries, One Earth, One Future: Our Changing Global Environment . Washington D.C.: National Academy Press, 1990.

97 17. Trolldalen, Jon, Maetin, International Environmental Conflict Resolution: The Role of U.N . Virginia: World Foundation for Environment and Development. 18. Vogler, John & Imber, Mark, F., The Environment and International Relations. London: Rutledge, 1996.

98 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 First Semester Course No: 641-D

ROLE OF CONFIDENCE-BUILDING MEASURES

Introduction

This course examines the concept of confidence-building measures (CBMs) and various techniques of diplomacy, negotiations and mediation for the peaceful resolution of conflicts. It focuses on various military and non-military CBMs at the global level and also in the context of South Asia.

Contents

1. Confidence-building measures (CBMs) --- evolution and growth of the concept 2. Conceptual and theoretical basis of CBMs 3. CBMs as a methodology for conflict management and resolution, track two, back channel negotiations and cooperative security arrangements a. The role of track-two diplomacy b. The role of back-channel negotiations c. A policy of cooperative security arrangements 4. Military and non-military CBMs. A. Military CBMs: Hotline between military commanders. Force reduction, monitoring troop exercise etc. a. Hotline between military commanders b. Mutual balanced force reduction c. Monitoring troop exercises d. Open skies agreements e. Nuclear arms control. B. Non-military CBMs: Economic cooperation, political cooperation in resource

development, conflict resolution etc.

a. Economic cooperation b. Political cooperation c. Cooperation in water resources, energy, environment, population, disposal of industrial and atomic water d. Peaceful resolution of bilateral conflicts 5. CBMs in the post cold war era: problems and prospects 6. CBM culture a. The role of education b. The role of power elites c. Perceptions of masses 7. Regional case studies in CBMs; South Asia, Middle East, Central Asia, CIS, Europe & Africa, Central America & South America a. South Asia. b. Middle East c. Central Asia 99 d. Northeast Asia e. Slavic members of Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) f. Europe g. Africa h. Central America i. South America 8. CBMs: A wave of the future

Suggested Readings

1. Darby, John (ed.), The Management of Peace Processes . Houndmills: Macmillan Press, 2000. 2. Jalalzai, Musa, Khan, A New Hope for Peace in South Asia: India-Pak Relations, Nuclear Weapons and Cross Border Infiltration . Lahore: Alabbas International, 2005. 3. John, Burton, Conflict Resolution and Prevention . New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1990. 4. John, Burton, Conflict: Readings in Management and Resolution . New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990. 5. Jon, Borowrski, Avoiding War in the Nuclear Age : Confidence Building Measures for Crisis Stability . London: Westview Press, 1986. 6. K., D., Byers, et. al., Confidence Building Measures and International Security . New York. Institute of East West Asian Studies, 1987. 7. Karl, Kaiser (ed.), Confidence Building Measures . Brown: Europe Union. 8. Krepan, Michael & Mishi, Faruqui., Conflict Prevention and CBMs in South Asia: The 1990 Crisis . Washington: 1994. 9. Krepon, Michael, A Handbook of Confidence Building Measures for Regional Security . Washington: 1995. 10. Sando, Ie, et. al., Conflict Management and Problems Solving: Interpersonal to International Application . London: Frances Printer, 1978. 11. W., Scott, Thomphson, Dialogues on Conflict Resolution: Bridging Theory and Practice . Washington D.C.: United States Institute of Peace, 1993. 12. Wen, Tangeru (ed.), Paul, Searching for Peace in Europe and Eurasia: An Overview of Conflict Prevention and Peace Building Activities. London: Lynne Rienner, 2003.

Journals

1. Contemporary South Asia (Oxford) 2. Eurasian Studies (Ankara) 3. Journal of South Asian Studies (Barkley) 4. Publication of Stimson Center (Washington). 5. Regional Studies (Islamabad) 6. Strategic Studies (Islamabad)

100 BS Fourth Year Credit Hours-3 Second Semester Course No: 642-D

ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT

Introduction

This course highlights the issues of arms proliferation and efforts for the reduction of weapons. It examines the conceptual and theoretical dimensions of arms control and disarmament with reference to global and regional military expenditures and various efforts for the reduction of conventional, nuclear weapons and other means of mass destruction.

Contents

1. Armaments: Theories of Arms Race: Action-Reaction Theory Behavioral Theory- Goldman's Concept of Prisoners Dilemma, Jervis Explanation of Security Dilemma, Richardson Theory the Causes of Military Expenditures. Case Studies: Arms Race between superpowers, Great powers & Third World states 2. Disarmament & Arms Control: Relationship between Disarmament & Arms Control, Theory of Disarmament and its critics, various approaches to Disarmament as an effort to international peace and inspection, verification and enforcement 3. Arms Control: Theory of Arms Control, Pre-world War-I efforts towards Arms Control. Post world War-II process of Arms Control. Negotiations. A Critical survey of major Arms Control agreements - Antarctic Treaty, PTBT, Outer Space Treaty, Treaty of Tlatelolco. NPT, SLAT-I ABM treaty, Sea-Bed Treaty, BW Convention, CTBT, PNET, Enmod Convention. SALT-II Treaty & START: Present status. Current trends in Arms Control and Disarmament 4. Case Studies: Arms Control policies of great powers and emerging nuclear states 5. Alternative security strategies: Confidence-Building Measures, Non-Offensive Defense

Suggested Readings

1. Alison, Graham, et. al., An Agenda for Avoiding Nuclear War . New York: 1985. 2. Allan, Pierre, Crisis Bargaining and the Arms Race . Cambridge, M.A: Ballinger Publishing Co., 1983. 3. Blacker, Coit, D. & Duffy, Clora (eds.), International Arms Control . Stanford: Stanford University Press. 1984. 4. Carnesale, Albert, Learning from Experience with Arms Control . Cambridge: President and Fellows of Harward University, 1986. 5. Dean, Johnathan, Watershed in Europe: Dismantling the East-West Military Confrontation . Lexington: Lexington Books, 1986. 6. Goldblat, Jozef, Agreements for Arms Control: A critical Survey . London: Tylor & Francis Ltd., 1983. 7. Haley, Edward, P. & Jack, Merritt (eds.), Nuclear Strategy Arms Control and the Future (Second edition). London: Westview Press, 1988.

101 8. Halloran, Bernard, F. (ed.), Essays on Arms Control and National Security . Washington D. C.: United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, 1987. 9. Hanrieder, Wolfunn, F., Technology, Strategy & Arms Control . Colorado: Westview Press, 1988. 10. Khan, Saira, Nuclear Proliferation Dynamics in Protracted Conflict Regions: A Comparative Study of South Asia and Middle East . Hants: Ashgate, 2002. 11. Moshaver, Ziba, Nuclear Weapons Proliferation in the Indian Subcontinent. London: Macmillan, 1991. 12. Satpathy, G., Biological Weapons and Terrorism . New Delhi: Kalpaz, 2004. 13. Sea, Gerald (ed.), Arms Control in Asia . London: Macmillan, 1987. 14. Susiluto, Taina, Tactical Nuclear Weapons: Time for Control . New Delhi: Manas, 2004. 15. Weston, Burns, H. (ed.), Towards Nuclear Disarmament and Global Security: A Search for Alternatives . Colorado: Westview Press, 1984.

102

FACULTY CVs

103 Faculty Members

Permanent Faculty

1. Prof. Dr. Khaleda Ghous (On Ex-Pakistan Leave) 2. Prof. Dr. Moonis Ahmar 3. Prof. Dr. Shaista Tabassum (Chairperson) 4. Prof. Dr. Mutahir Ahmed 5. Mr. Amir Hameed (Assistant Professor) 6. Dr. Naeem Ahmed (Assistant Professor) 7. Ms. Sheila Z. Ahmed (On Leave) 8. Dr. Farhan H. Siddiqi (Assistant Professor) 9. Ms. Nausheen Wasi (Assistant Professor) 10. Mr. Faheemuddin (Assistant Professor) 11. M. Faisal Awan (Lecture)

Cooperative Teachers

• Mr. M. Salman • Ms. Mariam Alvi

104 KHALIDA GHAUS (Professor)

Email: [email protected]

QUALIFICATION

Ph.D. in International Relations. The Dissertation is on the institutionalisation of Human Rights with particular reerence to the European Court of Human Rights.

RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS

• Foreign Policy of Pakistan: Imperatives and Future Directions. Published in Book, Pakistan Prospects and Perspective, 1998. • Impact of Social Revolutions on the Making of Human Rights Journal of European Studies, 1997. • Human Rights and the Role of United Nations, Pakistan Horizon, Vol. 49, No.2, 1996. • Women in Society: Education, Pakistan Journal of Women Studies, Vol. 3, No. 1, 1996. • Coping with Re Tonal Conflicts A Theorctical Framework, Strategic Perspective Vol Z. No 4, Autumn 1995 • Perspective ective and Problem of Human Rights. Pakistan I lot izon Vol 4 ). N„ 2. April 1997 • The Kremlin Mistake I, Islamic Documentation And Information t Center series 0. 1991 Karachi. • The Kremlin Mistake II, Islamic Documentation and Information '6M Series 7. 1991. Karachi • The Kremlin Mistake 111, Islamic Documentation and Information t Center se"s Series X. I00 Karachi. • Lebanese Crisis: External Pressures and Internal Rivalries, Pakistan Horizon Vol :1a, No.3 July 1990 • Pakistan's Relations with west Asia. Accepted for publication in ,r book. I University cat Peshawar. • United Nations and Human Rights, Paper presented in an International Conference on United Nations at 5O, Organised by Pakistan Institute of International Affairs The paper will he oublished in a hook f • Concept of Equality and Gender Discrimination. Accepted fir publication in a hook of' K A. War-,I, 1 999. MAGAZINES/ NEWSPAPER Articles • Fifty Years of Pakistan's Foreign Policy: An Analysis. Daily Jang 14 Angust 1997 • The Holocaust in Kashmir, Monthly `Third World', July 1996 Issue, Karachi. • Dialogue and Cooperation in Developing, Countries. Monthly `Third World', May 1996 Issue, Karachi. • The Problem of Ethnicity, Dqliy'Pakistaii'l'liiic,,,',3OJtilvll)()O. • The Local Body Polls, Daily `Pakistan Times', 27 November 1987. • Lebanese Crisis: Rival Groups and External Pressures, Daily 'The -: Muslim' 29 May. • Female Education in Pakistan, Published by World t University Service Geneva May 1998 • MAJOR RESEARCHES • Trafficking of Female and Children in Pakistan and within South Asia. All Pakistan study, LHR1 A,

105 • An Analytical Study of Institutionalisation of Human Rights. Research project completed for Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Karachi, 1992 [353 pages]. • Post-Withdrawal Developments in Afghanistan. Research project completed for Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Karachi, 1990 [215 pages]. • An Analytical Study of Personal Liberty in a Democratic Society of Pakistan. Presently working on it. PAPERS AND LECTURES DELIVERED ABROAD • Pakistan's Relations with India after the Kargil debacle. Presentation made in seminar at Stimson Centre, Washington, July 1999. • Women Studies in Pakistan: A Political Perspective. Lecture given in Department of Women Studies, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St- John,. Canada. 1999. • Fifty Years of Pakistan Foreign Policy. Lecture given in the Department of Political Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John, Canada, 1999. • Future of Indo - Pakistan Relations. Lecture given in the Department of Political Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John, Canada, 1999 • Sexual Harassment in Pakistan. Lecture delivered in Department of Women Studies, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John, Canada, 1999. • Domestic Violence in Pakistan. Lecture delivered in Department of Women Studies, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John, Canada, 1999. • Participated in a Regional Workshop on Sources of Conflict in South Asia: Ethnicity, Refugees and Environment, Kandy, Sri Lanka, 6-16 March 1997. • Participated as main speaker and discussant in six seminars of United States Information Service [USIS] on Conflict Resolution held between 1992-95. • Human Rights and Development. Paper presented in a Workshop of World University Service, 6-12 September 1994, Hanoi, Vietnam. • Represented Asia - Pacific Regis in tonal World University Service Delegation at the 50 and 51y' Session of United Nations Commission on l Human Rights, 20-27 February 1994 and February 1995, Geneva • Human Rights in Developing Countries. Paper presented in Salzburg Seminar on Transnational Law and Human Rights, 12-24 July 1992, Salzburg, Austria. United States Policy in South Asia. • Paper presented in United States Information Service [USIS)Seminar held on 8-9- April 1993, Colombo, Sri Lanka. • Analytical Study of Institutionalisation of Human Rights. Research project completed for Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Karachi, 1992 [353 pages]. Post-Withdrawal Developments in Afghanistan. Research project completed for Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Karachi, 1990 [215 pages]. An Analytical Study of Personal Liberty in a Democratic Society of Pakistan. Presently working on it.

106 MOONIS AHMAR (PROFESSOR)

OBJECTIVE: TO SEEK EXCELLENCE IN THE WORLD OF KNOWLEDGE

E-Mail: [email protected] , [email protected]

Director, Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution. www.ppscr.org

DAAD Fellow, Conflict Management and Studies Programme, Willy Brandt School of Public Policy, University of Erfurt, Germany since April 8, 2011. Academic responsibilities at the University of Erfurt: Teaching a course on Conflict Management in Central Asia and working on a research project, “Secular Option for the Management of religious militancy in Pakistan: Lessons from the European Experience.”

EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS

• Ph.D. (1992) from the University of Karachi. Topic of dissertation: "European Security System in the Post-Helsinki Accords Period: A Model for South Asia". The dissertation is a comparative study of the Helsinki framework of European Security and the South Asian Security system. It analyzes the problems and prospects in a way for Indo-Pakistan normalization process and also spells out strategies for building confidence and resolving conflicts between the two countries as a pre-requisite for peace and stability in the South Asian region. The dissertation also suggests what lessons the South Asian countries can learn from the Helsinki model of European security and the post-Helsinki initiatives launched under the framework of Conference on Security and Conference in Europe (CSCE). • M.Phil (1988) from the University of Karachi. o Topic of dissertation: "The Soviet Interests and Involvement in South Asia". • Master of Science (1981) in International Relations from Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad. Secured First Class First Position. Topic of dissertation, "Superpower Rivalry In The Indian Ocean and the response from the littoral states."

Specialized in the field of Strategic Studies. Bachelor of Arts (1978) from the University of Karachi in First Class. The subjects were International Relations (Major), Political Science, and General History (Subsidiaries).

TEACHING/ RESEARCH POSITIONS

1. Ist March 1983 to 31st October 1983. Senior Research Fellow , Area Study Center for Africa, North & South America, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad. 2. 3rd November 1983 to 12 July 1984. Research Officer , The Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, Karachi. 3. 14 July 1984 to 11 September 1988. Senior Research Fellow , Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi. 4. 12 September 1988 to 28 February 1991 Assistant Professor , Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi. 5. 28 February 1991 to May 4, 1997. Assistant Professor , Department of International Relations, University of Karachi.

107 6. 5 May 1997 to January 1 2001. Associate Professor , Department of International Relations, University of Karachi. 7. January 1, 2001 to date, Professor , Department of International Relations, University of Karachi. 8. Visiting Scholar , Programme in Arms Control, Disarmament & International Security (ACDIS) University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, U.S.A. from February 10 to June 10, 1993. 9. Visiting Research Associate , Programme in Arms Control, Disarmament & International Security, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign from November 24, 1994 to May 20, 1996. Also worked as a Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign during Spring semester, 1995. 10. Visiting Fellow at the Henry L. Stimson Center, Washington DC from June-July 1997. 11. Scholar in Residence , Middle East Institute and Visiting Scholar, Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington DC from September 13 to October 10, 1999. 12. Visiting Fellow at the Kroc Institute of International Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame, Indiana from October 11 to December 14, 1999. 13. Asia Fellow , Department of International Relations, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 07, 2002 to October 06, 2002. Theme of research: “A Comparative Study of Pakistan and Bangladesh: Economic, Political and Cultural Dynamics.” 14. Visiting Fellow , Asia Research Center, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK from February 7 to April 28, 2004. 15. Visiting Fellow , Max Planck Institute for International and Foreign Criminal Law, Freiburg, Germany from June 02t to August 27, 2008. 16. Visiting Research Fellow, South Asia Programme, Institute of Defense Studies, Rajaratram School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (December 18, 2010 till March 15, 2011). 17. DAAD Fellow, Conflict Management and Studies Programme, Willy Brandt School of Public Policy, University of Erfurt, Germany from April 8, 2011.

FIELD OF SPECIALIZATION

Conflict Resolution and Confidence Building Measures (CBMs) with particular reference to Middle East, South Asia and Central Asia.

TEACHING

I have taught following courses since 1986 to-date to the students of B.A (Hons) First Year, M.A (Previous) M.A (Final) and M.Phil .

1. The United States in World Affairs. 2. Russian and Central Asian Affairs. 3. International Organizations. 4. Foreign Policy of Pakistan. 5. Introduction to International Relations. 6. Research Methodology. 7. Political Geography 8. Conflict resolution and Crisis Management. 9. Global Issues 10. Introduction to Comparative Politics to the undergraduate students of Political Science Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 11. Conflict Management in Central Asia during the summer semester, 2011 and Conflict Transformation in South Asia during the winter semester at the MPP programme, Willy Brandt School of Public Policy, University of Erfurt, Germany.

108 PUBLICATIONS

• Books

1. Superpower Rivalry in the Indian Ocean since the withdrawal of Great Britain. (Karachi: Area Study Center for Europe, 1985. pp.143). 2. The Soviet Role in South Asia:1969-87 (Karachi: Area Study Center for Europe, 1989),pp.312. 3. Contemporary Central Asia (Edited), (Islamabad: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi and Hanns Seidel Foundation, 1995), pp.256. 4. Internal and External Dynamics of South Asian Security (Edited), (Karachi: Faze, 1998), pp.151. 5. The CTBT Controversy: Different Perceptions In South Asia (Edited) (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2000), pp. 153. 6. The Challenges of Conflict Resolution and Security in 21st Century (Edited) (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2001). 7. Arab-Israeli Peace Process: Lessons for South Asia (Edited) (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2001. 8. The Challenge of Confidence-Building in South Asia (Edited) (New Delhi: Harahan Publications, 2001), pp. 440. 9. Paradigms of Conflict Resolution in South Asia (Edited) (Dhaka: University Press Limited, 2003). 10. The World after September 11: Challenges and Opportunities (Edited) (Karachi: Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2003). pp.322 11. Different Perceptions on Conflict Resolution: Need for an Alternate Approach (Edited) (Karachi: Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2005), pp. 297. 12. The Challenge of Rebuilding Afghanistan (Edited) (Karachi: Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, 2005), pp. 240. 13. Conflict Management Mechanisms And The Challenge of Peace (Edited) (Karachi: Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, 2008), pp.174. 14. International Relations Today: Theories, Methods And Areas of Research (Edited) (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2009), pp. 204. 15. Foreign Policy Making Process: A Case Study of Pakistan (Edited) (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad), pp. 159. 16. Early Warning Systems: Potential For Crisis Management And Regional Cooperation (Edited) (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad), pp. 213. 17. Conflict Resolution Research In South Asia (Edited) (Karachi: Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, 2010), pp. 244. 18. The Restructuring of SAARC (Edited) (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, 2010), pp.188. 19. Conflict Transformation and the Challenge of Peace (Edited) Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, 2011), pp. 244.

109 BOOK CHAPTERS

1. "European Peace Movements and the Third World" in A.A. Kidder & Naves Ahmed (eds.)., Europe and the Third World (Karachi: Area Study Center for Europe, 1985), pp. 146-181. 2. "Pakistan and the Federal Republic of Germany" in A.A. Kidder and Naves Ahmed Tapir (eds.)., Pakistan-Europe Ties in Contemporary Setting (Karachi: Area Study Center for Europe,1988) pp. 231-253. 3. "European Union as a Model for the SAARC: Pakistan's Perspective" in K.B. Loll, H. S. Chopra & Thomas Meyer (eds.)., the European Community and SAARC (New Delhi: Radiant Publishers, 1993), pp. 39-56. 4. ."Security and Disarmament in Asia and the Pacific Developments and Prospects South Asian Perspectives" pp. 65-78 UNIDIR Publication (New York: United Nations, 1992). 5. Conflict Resolution in Central Asia: A Case Study of Confidence-Building in S.M. Hider, Pakistan Central Asia and the Region (Lahore: Progressive Publishers, pp.319-342 6. "Non-Military CBMs between India and Pakistan" in Michael Krepon and Amity Sevak (eds.), Crisis Prevention, Confidence-Building, and Reconciliation in South Asia (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995), pp.131-152. 7. "Indian Ocean: Maritime Security And Confidence-Building" in Indian Ocean: Security and stability in the post-cold war era (Islamabad: The Directorate of Naval Educational Services, 1995), pp.363-379. 8. "Conventional weapons as Main Killer of Mankind Fifty Years Perspective" in Fasahat H. Syed (ed.), Nuclear Disarmament and Conventional Arms Control Including Light Weapons (Islamabad: Asia Printers, 1997), pp. 253-278. 9. “Ethnic problems and solutions in the South Asian countries: Lessons from the European experience” in Naveed Ahmad Tahir (ed.), The Politics of ethnicity and nationalism in Europe and South Asia (Karachi: Area Study Center for Europe, 1997), pp.204-222. 10. "Ethnicity and Constitutional Reforms: A Pakistani Perspective" in Iftekharazzaman (ed.) Ethnicity and Constitutional Reform in South Asia (Colombo: Manohar, 1998), pp.108-129. 11. “India’s relations with the Central Asian States: Pakistan’s Perspective” in Riazul Islam et.al (eds.), Central Asia History, Politics and Culture (Karachi: Institute of Central and West Asian Studies, 1999), pp. 135-158. 12. “Conflict Management and the Role of Third Party Mediation” in Talat A. Wizarat (ed.), Conflict Resolution in a new era: lessons for South Asia (Karachi: Department of International Relations, 1999). 13. “Confidence Building Measures in South Asia: lessons from the Middle East,” in Dipankar Banerjee (ed.), Confidence Building in South Asia (Colombo: Regional Center for Strategic Studies, 1999) pp. 91-100. 14. “Pakistan’s Democracy and Co-Operative Security Arrangements in South Asia,” in Mukesh Kumar Kayathwal, (ed.), Security and Foreign Policy in South Asia (Jaipur: Pointer Publishers, 1999), pp.104-129. 15. "West Asia and Palestine Talks" in Dipanker Banerjee (ed.), CBMs In South Asia: Potential And Possibilities (Colombo: Regional Center for Strategic Studies, April 2000), pp.15-26. 16. “The CTBT Controversy: The Regional Dimension,” in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), The CTBT Controversy: Different Perceptions In South Asia (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2000), pp.37-51. 17. “South Asian Security in 21st Century: Problems And Prospects,” in Moonis Ahmar and Farhan Hanif Siddiqi (eds.), The Challenges of Conflict Resolution And Security In 21st Century: Problems and Prospects (Karachi: Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2001), pp. 147-157. 18. “The concept of a peace process” in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), The Arab-Israeli Peace Process Lessons for India and Pakistan (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2001), pp.19-38.

110 19. “Rationalizing the Concept of Confidence-Building Measures,” in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), The Challenge of Confidence-Building in South Asia (New Delhi: Har-Anand Publications, 2001), pp.39-52. 20. “Gains and Costs of Third Party Mediation”, in P. Sahadevan (ed.), Conflict and Peacemaking in South Asia (New Delhi: Lancer, 2001), pp.483-504. 21. “Nuclear Weapons and Regional Security: A Case Study of South Asia,” in Joachim Krause and Andreas Wenger (eds.), Nuclear Weapons in the 21st Century: (Bern: Peter Lang, 2001), pp. 155- 175. 22. “The Sindhi-Mohajir Conflict” in Paul van Tongeren and Hans van de Veen (eds.), Searching for Peace in Central and South Asia (Boulder: Colorado, 2002), 452-464. 23. “Why Rethink the Paradigms of Conflict Resolution.? In Moonis Ahmar (ed.), Paradigms of Conflict Resolution in South Asia (Dhaka: University Press Limited, 2003), pp. 15-30. 24. “Terrorism: Challenge or an Opportunity?” in Moonis Ahmar, (ed.), The World After September 11: Challenges and Opportunities (Karachi: Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2003). 25. “The Role of Civil Society in Linking and Promoting Track-I and II Initiatives” in A. K. M. Sabur (ed.), Politics and Security In South Asia Salience Of Religion And Culture (Dhaka: Bangladesh Institute of Strategic and International Studies, 2004), pp. 247-274. 26. “The Impact of 9/11 on Pakistan,” in Farooq Sobhan, Strengthening Cooperation And Security In South Asia Post 9/11 (Dhaka: Bangladesh Enterprise Institute, 2004), pp. 239-256. 27. “Peace and Conflict Studies” in Inayatullah, Rubina Saigol, Pervez Tahir (eds.), Social Sciences in Pakistan: A Profile (Islamabad: Council of Social Sciences, Pakistan, 2005), pp. 387-402. 28. “Afghanistan After 9/11” in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), The Challenge of Rebuilding Afghanistan (Karachi: Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations in collaboration with Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, 2005), pp. 13-30. 29. “Interrelationship between the Formal and Informal Justice in Pakistan” in Albrecht, Simon, Rezaei, Rohne/Kiza (eds.), Conflicts and Conflict Resolution in Middle Eastern Societies – Between Tradition and Modernity (Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 2006), pp. 593-606. 30. “Globalization and the Problems of Human Development in Pakistan” in Naveed Ahmed Tahir (ed.), Globalization: Economic, Social and Political Dimensions: Focus on South Asia (Karachi: Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi and Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, June 2007, pp.168-186. 31. "Conflict Management Mechanisms: Need for an Alternate Approach" in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), Conflict Management Mechanisms and the Challenge of Peace (Karachi: Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, 2008), pp. 1-10. 32. "Perceptions on Pak-US Relations after 9/11" in Saleem Kidwai in US Policy Towards South Asia (Delhi: Academic Excellence, 2008), pp. 223-237. 33. "International Relations and Research Methodology," in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), International Relations Today: Theories, Methods And Areas of Research (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2009), pp. 141-158. 34. "Pak- Sri Lankan Relations and the Indian Response," in Sumanasiri Liyanage, P. Sahadevan, Anisha Kinra (eds.), Intra-State Conflicts and Inter-State Relations Perspectives on India-Sri Lanka Relations (Colombo: South Asia Peace Institute, 2009), pp. 233-258. 35. "Soft Power and Foreign Policy Making Process" in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), Foreign Policy Making Process: A Case Study of Pakistan (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, 2009), pp. 1-20. 36. "Pakistan and Stability in South Asia" in South Asia Defense and Strategic Year Book (2009) (New Delhi: Pentagon Press, 2009), pp. 30-36. 37. "How Pakistan Viewed the US Election Campaign" in Matthias Maass (ed.), The World Views of the U.S. Presidential Election: 2008 ((New York: Pelgrave, 2009), pp.203-220.

111 38. "The concept of Early Warning and its Mechanisms," in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), Early Warning Systems: Potential For Crisis Management and Regional Cooperation (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, 2010), pp. 17-32. 39. “The Rationale of Conflict Resolution Research,” Moonis Ahmar (ed.), Conflict Resolution Research In South Asia (Karachi: Programme On Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2010), pp. 1-16. 40. “The Case of Afghanistan: Punitive Intervention or Neo-Imperialism,” in Naveed Ahmed Tahir (ed.), Humanitarian, Preventive, Punitive and Political Intervention and State Sovereignty: Varying Political, Moral and Legal Standpoints (Karachi: Area Study Center for Europe and Hanns Seidel Foundation, 2010), pp. 115-132. 41. “State of Human Security In South Asia” in Shaheen Afroze (ed.), Human Security Approach To Counter Extremism In South Asia: Relevance Of Japanese Culture (Dhaka: Academic Press & BIISS, 2010), pp.13-30. 42. “Regionalism: Myth Or Reality” in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), The Restructuring of SAARC (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, 2010), pp.1-17. 43. “Reconceptulizing Conflict Transformation”, in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), Conflict Transformation and the Challenge of Peace (Edited) Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, 2011), pp.21-42.

• RESEARCH ARTICLES

1. "The politics of conflict and cooperation in South Asia" Pakistan Horizon (Karachi) XXXXV:1 (1982), pp. 44-59. 2. "Politics of Superpower Rivalry in the Indian Ocean" Pakistan Horizon XXXVI:1 (1983), pp. 57-72. 3. "Afghan Crisis: Efforts for Third Party Mediation" Pakistan Horizon XXXVI:3 (1983), pp.51-64. 4. "Security Perceptions in Indo-Pakistan Relations" Pakistan Horizon XXXVII:1 (1984), pp.100-119. 5. "The Politics of Revolution and Counter Revolution in Nicaragua" Pakistan Horizon XXXVII:2 (1984), pp. 100-121. 6. "The Eritrean Struggle for Emancipation" Pakistan Horizon XXXVII:3 (1984), pp.49-64. 7. "Pakistan and the Commonwealth" Journal of European Studies (Karachi)1:1 (January 1985), pp.117-145. 8. "The Politics of French Involvement in Chad" Journal of European Studies 1:2 (July 1985), pp. 119- 142. 9. "US and the South Asian Security" South Asian Studies 2:1 (January 1985), pp. 62-78. 10. "Crisis in European Security: A Third World Perception" Journal of European Studies (January 1986), pp. 57-83. 11. "Revival of the Asian Collective Security Scheme by Gorbachev" Journal of European Studies 2:2 (July 1986), pp.72-86. 12. "Pakistan Foreign Policy - A Quarterly Survey", Pakistan Horizon XXXIX:1986 pp. 3-13. 13. "Soviet Union and South Asia: Issues and Constraints" 4:2 South Asian Studies (Lahore) (July 1987), pp. 35-64. 14. "Recent developments on the French Political Scene" 3:1 Journal of European Studies (January 1987), pp.104-120. 15. "An Overview of Sino-Soviet normalization talks" 3:2 Journal of European Studies (July 1987), pp. 60-79. 16. "Polish-Pakistan Relations: 1947-1987" 4:1 Journal of European Studies (January 1988), pp. 41- 62.

112 17. "Greek-Turkish Conflict over the Aegean Sea" Nos 2 & 1 Journal of European Studies (July 1988 & January 1989), pp.49-76. 18. "Convergence and Divergence in the US- West European Security System: A view from the Third World" Journal of European Studies 5:2 (July 1989),pp.36-59. 19. "Sino-Soviet détente and its impact on Asian Security" Central Asia (Peshawar) Vol. 26 (Summer 1990),pp. 73-90. 20. "Helsinki model for South Asian Security: problems and prospects" Pakistan Horizon XLII:3 (October 1989), pp.81-97. 21. "European and the South Asian Security: A theoretical framework" Journal of European Studies 6:1 (January 1990). 22. "Helsinki accords and changes in Eastern Europe" Pakistan Horizon LXIII:I (January 1990), pp. 45- 63. 23. "The Polish road to reforms" Journal of European Studies 6:2 (July 1990), pp. 73-90. 24. "European Union and the SAARC: problems and prospects" Journal of European Studies 7:1 (January 1991), pp. 48-56. 25. "Implications of Perestroika for the Soviet Asian Republics" Central Asia 29 (Winter,1991), pp. 29- 42. 26. "From Cold War to Condominium?" Pakistan Horizon 44:2 (April 1991) pp. 39-54. 27. "EEC and South Africa" Journal of European Studies 8:1 (January 1992), pp.38-60. 28. "India's role in the New Central Asia" Pakistan Horizon 45:3 (July 1992), pp.57-70. 29. "Avoiding war between India and Pakistan: a model of conflict resolution and confidence building in post-cold war era" in Strategic Studies (Islamabad) XVI:1&2 Autumn & Winter 1993, pp. 5-26. 30. "Conflict Resolution and Confidence-Building in Central Asia" Strategic Studies (Islamabad) Spring 1994,pp.58-94. 31. ”The applicability of the Helsinki model for the task of confidence-building and conflict resolution in the Indo- Pakistan sub-continent" Contemporary South Asia (Oxford) (1994) 3 (3), pp. 237-256. 32. "Confidence-Building Measures between India and Pakistan" Peace Initiatives (Mumbai) 1:1 (July- August 1995), pp.29-41. 33. "The ethnic factor in Contemporary Central Asia: Pakistan's Perspective" Eurasian Studies (Ankara) Vol.4. Winter 1995/96, pp.12-21. 34. "Indo-Pak Conflict Resolution: Lessons from the Arab-Israeli Peace Process" BIISS Journal (Dhaka) Vol.17. No.2 (April1996), pp.208-237. 35. "National Security and the Global Politics" National Development and Security (Rawalpindi) Vol. IV, No.3 (February 1996), pp.41-52. 36. "Pakistan and Israel - Distant Adversaries or neighbors? Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies (Villanova) Vol. 20, No. 1 (Fall 1996), pp. 20-45. 37. "Pakistan and the Power Struggle in Afghanistan" Eurasian Studies, (Ankara) 3 (Fall 1996), pp. 30- 44. 38. "Ethnicity and State Power in Pakistan: The Karachi Crisis," Asian Survey, (Berkeley) Vol. XXXVI, No. 10, October 1996, pp. 1031-1046. 39. “Decision-Making in Pakistan’s Foreign Policy Making Process National Development And Security. ((Rawalpindi), Vol. V. No.2, November 1996, pp. 91-131. 40. "In Search of security after the end of the cold war: Pakistan's Security Concerns" in World Affairs (New Delhi) Vol.1. No.4, October-December 1997, pp. 68-76. 41. "The emergence of three Asias" in World Affairs (New Delhi) Vol.2. No. 2, April-June 1998, pp. 122-139. 42. “Islam in America: Image and Reality” in Pakistan Journal of American Studies (1998) (Islamabad) Vol.16, No.2 (Fall 1998), pp.7-26. 43. “Nuclear South Asia: Impact on Conventional and Nuclear Arms Race Margalla Papers (1998) Islamabad, National Defense College, pp. 55-70.

113 44. "The Rationale of Confidence-Building Measures in the post-Kargil Scenario," Pakistan Perspectives (Karachi) Vol. 4, No. 1, January-June, 1999, pp. 61-78. 45. "The Role and Relevance of CBMs in the new security paradigm of South Asia," NDC Journal, (Islamabad), 1999, pp.1-14. 46. "Nuclear Proliferation in South Asia: The Role and Policy of G-8 and China," National Development and Security (Rawalpindi) Vol. VII, No.2, November 1999, pp. 83-98. 47. “Management of water resources in Central Asia: Lessons for the South Asian Countries,” Eurasian Studies (Ankara) 15 (Summer 1999), pp. 97-120. 48. “Rethinking the Concept of Peace Process,” BIISS Journal (Dhaka) Vol. 20, No. 4, 1999, pp. 437- 464. 49. “Where is Pakistan Heading? Implications of the Coup d’ East,” World Affairs (New Delhi), Vol.4. No. 1, January-March 2000, pp. 62-82. 50. “Communication Linkage between Central and South Asia: A Case Study of Karakorum Highway,” Eurasian Studies (Ankara) (Summer 2001), pp. 185-201. 51. “Domestic and External Dimensions of Terrorism and Regional Security in South Asia” Margalla Papers, (2001) Islamabad, National Defense College, pp. 46-57. 52. “Pakistan’s Role In Revitalizing SAARC: Problems and Prospects,” Bangladesh Journal Of National And Foreign Affairs, (Dhaka) Vol. 3. No. 2, Autumn, 2002, pp. 1-15. 53. “Challenges for Muslims After 9/11: Perceptions of Muslim World,” Margalla Papers, 2002, (Islamabad), pp. 1-18. 54. “The Challenge of Cooperation in Pakistan-Bangladesh Relations” Regional Studies (Islamabad) Vol. XXI, No. 1, Winter 2002-03, pp. 61-87. 55. “9/11 and the Changing Paradigm of Conflict Resolution” IPRI Journal (Islamabad), Vol. 111, No. 1, Winter 2003, pp.1-20. 56. “Paths to Peace Process” Journal of Peace Studies (New Delhi), Vol. II. No. 1, January-March 2004, pp. 3-13. 57. “Pakistan, India, China Triangle” Margalla Papers, 2004 (Islamabad) pp. 36-46. 58. “The EU and the Recent Confidence-Building Measures in the Indo-Pakistan Sub-Continent” Journal of European Studies (Karachi) Vols. 20&21, July 2004&January 2005, Nos. 2&1, pp. 37-49. 59. “Pakistan-Japan Relations: Security, Economic and Political Dimensions” BIISS Journal (Dhaka) Vol. 2, 2006, pp. 187-202. 60. “South Asian Response to the War on Terror” Journal of Political Studies (Lahore) Vol. XI, Summer 2007, pp. 1-10 61. “Pakistan: The Challenge of Ethnic Nationalism and the State Response” Nepali Journal of Contemporary Studies, (Katmandu) Vol. VII, No. 2, September 2007, pp. 1-17. 62. “Kashmir and the Process of Conflict Resolution,” Pakistan Perspectives (Karachi, Vo.. 11,No. 2, July-December 2006. 63. “South Asian Response to the War on Terror” Journal of Political Studies (Lahore) Vol. XI, Summer 2007, pp. 1-10 64. “Pakistan: The Challenge of Ethnic Nationalism and the State Response” Nepali Journal of Contemporary Studies, (Katmandu) Vol. VII, No. 2, September 2007, pp. 1-17. 65. "Contemporary Sino-Russian Relations and their Strategic and Economic Significance," Journal of European Studies, (Karachi), Vol. 23&24, Nos. 2&1, July 2007 & January 2008, pp. 210-223. 66. "Sectarian Conflicts in Pakistan," Pakistan Vision (Lahore) Pakistan Study Center, University of the Punjab, Vol. 9, No. 1, June 2008, pp.1-19. 67. "Where is Indo-Pak Peace Process Heading?" South Asian Affairs (Andhra University Visakhapatnam) Vol. 1, No. 1, January-June 2008, pp. 35-50. 68. "Paradigm Shift in Pakistan's Foreign Policy?" Orient German Journal of Politics, Economics and Culture of the Middle East (Berlin) 1: 2009, pp.29-38. 69. "The Redefining of NATO's Post-Cold War Role: The Concept of Out of Area Operations," Journal of European Studies, Vol. 24&25, Nos. 2&1, July 2008 & January 2009.

114 70. "Sectarian Conflict in Pakistan: Some Lessons from the Irish Experience," IPRI Journal (Islamabad) Vol. X, No. 1, Winter 2010, pp. 50-76. 71. “Constitution and Contemporary Politics of Pakistan,” Nepali Journal of Contemporary Studies (Kathmandu) Vol. XX, No. 2, October 2010, pp. 1-16. 72. “South Asia after Osama bin Laden,” South Asian Journal (Lahore) July-September 2011, pp. 121- 131. 73. “The Challenge of Extremism in Pakistan: Are there lessons to be learnt from Singapore?” IPRI Journal (Islamabad) Vol. XI, No. 2, Summer 2011, pp. 44-63. 74. “The Impact of the War Against Terror in Pakistan” Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies (Villanova), Vo. XXXV, No. 1, Fall 2011, 63-79. 75. “The Challenges of Counter-Terrorism in Pakistan” BIISS Journal (Dhaka) Vol. 32, No. 1, January 2011, pp. 75-88.

• OTHERS PROFILE Pakistan-Italian Relations. Karachi: Area Study Center for Europe,1989.pp.52.

MONOGRAPHS

1. Confidence-Building Measures in South Asia Geneva: Programme for Strategic and International Security Studies, The Graduate Institute of International Studies, 1991. pp.45. 2. Indo-Pakistan Normalization Process: The Role of CBMs in the post-Cold War Era. Published as an Occasional Paper by Programme In Arms Control, Disarmament and International Security, (ACDIS) University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, U.S.A. November 1993, pp.1-19. 3. The Road To Peace In South Asia: Lessons For India And Pakistan From The Arab-Israeli Peace Published as an Occasional Paper by the Programme In Arms Control, Disarmament & International Security, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, U.S.A., August 1996, pp.62. 4. Pakistan and Bangladesh: From Conflict To Cooperation Published as BIISS Papers, 19 by the Bangladesh Institute of Strategic and International Studies, Dhaka, March 2003, pp. 59. Also published by the Pakistan Study Center, University of Karachi.

PROJECTS COMPLETED

1. Project Director of a project funded by the Ford Foundation “Peace by process: lessons for India and Pakistan from the Middle East.” 2. Report of the Project entitled, The Road to Peace In South Asia: Relevance and Irrelevance of the Middle East Experience (Karachi: Department of International Relations, June 1999). 3. Chronology of Conflict and Cooperation in the Middle East and South Asia 1990-1999 (Karachi: Department of International Relations, February 2000) pp. 96. 4. Book, The Arab-Israeli Peace Process Lessons for India and Pakistan (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2001). 5. Project Director of a project funded by the United States Institute of Peace “The Role and Relevance of Confidence-Building Measures in post-Nuclear South Asia.” 6. Book Moonis Ahmar and Farhan H. Siddiqi, (eds.), The Challenges of Conflict Resolution and Security in 21st Century: Problems and Prospects (Karachi: Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, 2001).

115 7. Chronology of Conflict and Cooperation in South Asia, 1947-2002 (Karachi: Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, 2001). 8. Book, Moonis Ahmar (ed.), Paradigms of Conflict Resolution in South Asia (Dhaka: University Press Limited, 2003). 9. War avoidance between India and Pakistan. Funded by the Research Facility Center, Faculty of Arts, University of Karachi and completed in 1993. 10. Conflict resolution and confidence building between India and Pakistan: a study of perceptions. Funded by the Research Facility Center, Faculty of Arts, University of Karachi and completed in 1997. 11. Communication linkage between Pakistan and Central Asia: A study of KKH. Funded by the Research Facility Center, University of Karachi, 2002. 12. A Comparative Study of Pakistan and Bangladesh: Economic, Political and Cultural Dynamics. Duration of Project. January-October 2002. Funded by the Asia Scholarship Foundation, Bangkok from January-October 2002. 13. Monograph entitled, “Pakistan and Bangladesh: From Conflict to Cooperation” published by the Bangladesh Institute of Strategic and International Studies, Dhaka (2003) and Pakistan Study Center, University of Karachi (2004). 14. Project on Database on terrorist and violent conflicts in South Asia sponsored by Regional Center for Strategic Studies, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Website: www.ribt.org 15. Project on, A Study of the Afghan Conflicts: 1988-2006 funded by the Higher Education Commission (HEC), Islamabad. www.afghan-project.org

Articles published in newspapers and magazines Published articles on themes related to Conflict Resolution and Confidence-Building measures in following newspapers and magazines:-

1. Defense Journal 2. Daily Dawn (Karachi) 3. Globe (Karachi) 4. India Abroad (New York) 5. Pakistan and Gulf Economist (Karachi) 6. Probe (Weekly) Dhaka 7. South Asia (Karachi) 8. The Daily Star (Dhaka) 9. The Hindustan Times (New Delhi) 10. The Independent (Dhaka) 11. The Holiday (Dhaka) 12. Times of India (New Delhi) 13. Third World International (Karachi) 14. The Muslim (Islamabad) 15. The Nation (Lahore) 16. The New Nation (Dhaka) 17. The News International (Karachi)

SEMINARS ATTENDED/LECTURES DELIVERED

Attended Seminars and delivered Lectures in Austria, Bangladesh, India, Egypt, Germany, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, Pakistan, Peoples Republic of China and the United States.

116

INTERNATIONAL SEMINARS/CONFERENCES

1. Represented Pakistan in a Sub-Asian Regional Symposium on "Peace, development, Disarmament and International Security". The United Schools International organized the seminar with the assistance of UNESCO in New Delhi from December 23-28, 1985. 2. Represented Pakistan in an International Seminar on "American Politics and Foreign Policy Making Process" held in Salzburg, Austria from July 31 to August 12, 1988. 3. Represented Pakistan in a Sub-Asian Regional Seminar on "Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy" organized by the United Schools International with the collaboration of IAEA in New Delhi from February 20-23, 1989. 4. Participated in an International Seminar on “International Security” organized by the Programme in Strategic and International Security Studies, The Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva, Switzerland from July 16-21, 1990. 5. Presented a paper entitled, "European Union and the SAARC: Pakistan's Perspective" in an International Seminar organized by the Center for West European Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, on September 16, 1990. 6. Participated in a workshop on "Approaches and methods in conflict resolution" at the Wayne State University, Detroit, United States on October 3, 1991. 7. Participated in a seminar on "Regional Security" organized by Programme In Arms Control, Disarmament and International Security, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States on October 6, 1991. 8. Participated in a seminar on "dispute resolution" organized by the Center for South Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley, United States on October 14, 1991. 9. Participated in a seminar on "Regional Conflicts in South Asia and U.S Foreign Policy" at the Council on Foreign Relations, New York, United States on October 21, 1991. 10. Read a paper entitled, "Security and Disarmament in the Asia/Pacific Region: The South Asian Perspective" on March 24, 1992". The conference was organized by the UN Institute for Disarmament Research" in Beijing, Peoples Republic China. 11. Participated in an International Conference on "Asian Regional Cooperation" organized by Foundation For Research On National Development And Security in Rawalpindi from November 24-28, 1992. 12. Read a Paper on "India's role in the New Central Asia" in an International Conference organized by the Institute of Central and West Asian Studies at Karachi in November 1993. 13. Read a paper in an International Seminar on "Conflict management and confidence building: the relevance of cooperation in non-military areas between India and Pakistan". The Bangladesh Institute of Strategic and International Studies (BIISS) in Dhaka organized the conference from February 06-08, 1994. 14. Read a paper on "Conflict Resolution and Confidence-Building in Central Asia" organized by the Institute of Strategic Studies, Islamabad, on March 20, 1994. 15. Read a paper in an International Conference on "Indian Ocean: Security and Stability in the post- cold war era" organized by the Institute of Strategic Studies, Islamabad from April 18-20, 1994. 16. Participated in an international workshop on "security, technology and arms control" organized by the Center for Defense Studies, Kings College, London in Nathiagali, Pakistan from May 10-19, 1994. 17. Participated in an international conference on "Security and Conflict Resolution in South Asia" organized by Mershan Center, Ohio State University at Salzburg from June 28-30, 1994. 18. Participated in a workshop organized by the Mershan Center, The Ohio State University, at Columbus on "Conflict Resolution in South Asia" from June 09-13, 1995. 117 19. Participated in an annual South Asian Conference sponsored by the South Asian Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison from October 20-23, 1995. 20. Participated in a conference on, "50th anniversary of India and Pakistan" at the Woodrow Wilson Center for Scholars, Washington DC on June 3-4, 1997. 21. Participated in a conference on, "Nuclear Proliferation: tools of trade" at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace on June 10-11, 1997. 22. Read a paper entitled, “Pakistan and the Afghan power struggle” in a conference on, “Afghanistan” organized by the Center for Asian Studies, University of Cairo, Giza, Egypt, in December, 1997. 23. Read a paper entitled, “Conflict over water resources in Central Asia” at a conference organized by the Department of International Relations in collaboration of Hanns Seidel Foundation in Karachi on June 3, 1998. 24. Read a paper on “the concept of peace process” at an International Workshop organized under the Ford Foundation/International Relations Department research project lessons for India and Pakistan from the Arab-Israeli peace process in Karachi on September 2, 1998. 25. Presented a paper on, “the concept of Peace Process” at an International Workshop organized by Center for Asian Studies, University of Cairo, Giza in Portsaid on February 11-13, 1999. The Workshop was held under the Ford Foundation/International Relations Department Research Project “Lessons for India and Pakistan from the Arab-Israeli Peace Process” 26. Participated in a conference on, “The Challenge of Cooperation in South Asia” organized by the Jawaharlal Nehru University, India, Kroc Institute of International Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame, Indiana and the Fourth Freedom Forum, Goshen in Kathmandu, Nepal in December 1998. 27. Presented a paper on, “Confidence Building Measures in South Asia: Lessons from the Middle East” at a conference organized by the Regional Center for Strategic Studies, Colombo in June 1999. 28. Presented a paper on, “CBMs and the Arab-Israeli Peace Process,” in a workshop entitled, “Media and CBMs,” organized by the Regional Center for Strategic Studies, Colombo in January 2000. 29. Presented a paper on, “Pedagogy of armed conflict: Pakistan’s Perspective,” in a workshop entitled, “Peace and Conflict Studies,” organized by the South Asian Studies Division, Jawaharlal Nehru University and Kroc Institute of International Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame Indiana in March 2000. 30. Presented a paper on, “Nuclear Weapons and Regional Security” at an international seminar organized by German Council on Foreign Relations, Berlin and Center for Security Studies, Zurich in Lausanne, Switzerland on October 14, 2000. 31. Presented a paper on, “Comprehensive Security For South Asia” at an international seminar organized by the Delhi Policy Group, in New Delhi, India on January 23, 2001. 32. Presented a paper on, “The Sindhi-Mohajir Conflicts” at a seminar organized by the European Center for Conflict Prevention, Utretch, The Netherlands in Colombo, Sri Lanka in May 2001. 33. Presented a paper on, “Sources of Inter and Intra-State Conflicts in South Asia,” at a symposium organized by Women in Security, Conflict Management and Peace (WISCOMP) New Delhi, India on October 3, 2001. 34. “Developing Cooperative Security Framework for the Region”, paper presented at a three-day seminar on, Post 9/11 Developments: Implications for South Asia organized by the Regional Center for Strategic Studies in collaboration with Konrad Adenauer Foundation at Nagarcot, Nepal on June 17-19, 2002. 35. “Linking and Promoting Track-II Diplomacy in South Asia,” paper presented at a three-day international seminar organized by the Bangladesh Institute of Strategic and International Studies, Dhaka on October 8, 2002.

118 36. “Democracy assessment and indicators for Pakistan,” paper presented at a two-day international conference on organized by the Department of Peace and Conflict Studies, Dhaka University in collaboration with International Development Electoral Assistance (IDEA) on November 19, 2002. 37. Discussant in a session on, “Developing a Cooperative Security Framework for South Asia” at an international conference on, “Terrorism in South Asia: Impact on Development and Democratic Process” organized by the Regional Center for Strategic Studies, Colombo in collaboration with Konrad Adenauer Foundation, New Delhi in Katmandu on November 25, 2002. 38. Gave a presentation on “Database on Terrorism” at a seminar organized by the Regional Center for Strategic Studies, Colombo on July 4, 2003. 39. Gave a presentation on, “Bangladesh-Pakistan Relations: From Conflict to Cooperation” at the annual conference of Asian Scholarship Foundation, Bangkok, Thailand, held on September 02, 2003. 40. Presented a paper on, “Pakistan after September 11” at a regional conference organized by the Bangladesh Enterprise Institute (BEI) Dhaka, Bangladesh in September 2003. 41. Presented a paper on, “Country Report on Pakistan’s Justice system in resolving conflicts” at a conference organized in Istanbul, Turkey by Max Planck Institute for Foreign and International Criminal Law, Freiburg, Germany on December 6, 2003. 42. Presented a paper on, “The Dynamics of Sectarian Conflict in Pakistan” at the International Summer Academy on Conflict Management held at Bad Stafeslstein, Germany and organized by the Max Planck Institute for Foreign and International Criminal Law in September 2004. 43. Presented a paper on, “Regional Stability and Cooperation: The role of Bangladesh and Pakistan,” organized by Probe Magazine in Dhaka on April 18, 2007. 44. Participated in an International Conferences held at Williamsberg, Virginia on “The Future of Democracy” on September 16-19. The Conference was organized by the World Forum on the Future of Democracy and was participated by 100 delegates from 16 emerging democracies. 45. Participated in a Regional Workshop in Colombo, Sri Lanka on October 9-10, 2008 on, "Indo- Lanka Relations In the Context of Sri Lanka's Ethno-Political Conflict & India's New Policy Framework," organized by South Asia Peace Institute. 46. Participated in a Regional Curricula Development Workshop on Conflict Management and Conflict Resolution in Kathmandu Nepal on November 30 to December 04, 2008 and organized by the UN University of Peace Costa Rica in collaboration with Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal. 47. Participated in an International Workshop on "Civil Society Perspectives on Conflict and Peace in South and Southeast Asia" in Bangkok, Thailand on February 23-25, 2009 and organized by the Regional Center for Strategic Studies, Colombo, Research Center for Peace Building, Mahidol University and Berghof Foundation for Peace Support, Berlin. 48. Presented a paper entitled, "State of Human Security in South Asia in an International Seminar on "Human Security Approach to Counter Extremism in South Asia: Relevance of Japanese Experience" organized by the Bangladesh Institute of International and Strategic Studies, Dhaka on November 24, 2009. 49. Participated in a regional conference on “Countering Terrorism: Building a Common Approach in SAARC,” in Dhaka on April 12-13, 2010 organized by the Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies, New Delhi in collaboration with the Bangladesh Institute of Strategic and International Studies. 50. Participated in the 9th Shangri-La Dialogue (Asian Security Summit) held in Singapore on June 04- 06, 2010 and organized by the International Institute of Strategic Studies, London.

TALKS AND PAPER PRESENTATIONS (INTERNATIONAL)

1. Delivered a lecture at a seminar "Indo-Pakistan Relations" on February 26, 1989. The lecture was organized by the Indian Council of World Affairs" New Delhi., India.

119 2. Delivered a talk on "Helsinki model for the South Asian Security" at the South Asian Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi on September 19, 1990. 3. Delivered a talk on "Conflict Resolution and Confidence-Building in Central Asia: The Role of ECO" sponsored by the Programme in South and West Asian Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, United States on March 30, 1993. 4. Delivered a talk at a symposium on "Security Environment in South Asia" organized by Programme in South and West Asian Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States on April 8, 1993. 5. Delivered a talk on "Conflict Resolution in Central Asia and the Role of Confidence-Building Measures" organized by the Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation, University of California at San Diego, United States on May 4, 1993. 6. Delivered at talk on "Conflict Resolution and Confidence-Building between India and Pakistan" organized Professor John Harvey of Center for Strategic Affairs, Stanford University, United States on May 09, 1993. 7. Delivered at Talk on " Indo-Pakistan normalization process and the role of CBMs" organized by Professor Damodar SarDesai, Department of History, University of California at Los Angeles, United States on May 12,1993. 8. Gave a public lecture at the Bandranaiki Memorial Center for International Studies (BMCIS) Colombo on "Confidence- Building and Conflict Resolution in South Asia" on January 29, 1994. 9. Delivered a talk on "Kashmir: a just solution" organized by the Programme In Arms Control, Disarmament and International Security and the Programme on South and West Asian Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, on April 5, 1995. 10. Delivered at talk on "The future of South Asia" at a seminar organized by the Programme In Arms Control, Disarmament and International Security, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign on May 03, 1995. 11. Gave a talk on "Should the U.S. initiate a peace process in South Asia" at a seminar organized by the Programme In Arms Control, Disarmament and International Security, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in October 1995. 12. Gave a talk on "A second Jewish-Muslim Reconciliation? Pakistan-Israel Relations" at the Programme In Arms Control, Disarmament and International Security, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign on February 9, 1996. 13. Gave a presentation on "the role of ethnicity and religion in Central Asia" at a workshop on "The Three Asias" organized by the Programme In South And West Asian Studies with the elaboration of Programme In Arms Control Disarmament And International Security, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign on April 28, 1996. 14. Gave a presentation on, "the road to peace in South Asia: lessons for India and Pakistan from the Arab-Israeli peace process" in a workshop on the Middle East/South Asia peace processes held at the Programme In Arms Control, Disarmament And International Security, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign on April 29, 1996. 15. Presented a paper on, August 1, 1997on “Vision for the peace process" organized by the Programme In Arms Control, Disarmament & International Security, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States. 16. Gave a presentation on, “Lessons for India and Pakistan from the Arab-Israeli peace process” at the Center for Asian Studies, University of Cairo, Giza, Egypt in December, 1997. 17. Gave a presentation on, “Strategic connections between Middle East and South Asia” at Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington DC on October 4, 1999. 18. “Lessons for India and Pakistan from Middle East Peace Process” at the Middle East Institute, Washington DC on October 7, 1999. 19. “Coup in Pakistan: a step backward or forward” at the Kroc Institute of International Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame, Indiana on October 28, 1999. 20. “Implications of Coup in Pakistan” at the Programme In Arms Control, Disarmament & International Security, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign on November 19, 1999.

120 21. “Rethinking the concept of Peace Process” at the Kroc Institute of International Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame, Indiana on November 23, 1999. 22. “The Kargil Crisis: Pakistan’s Perspective,” at the South Asian Studies Division, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi on March 14, 2000. 23. Gave a talk on, “Bangladesh and Pakistan: Moving beyond rhetoric and emotions” at the Department of International Relations, University of Dhaka on March 7, 2002. 24. Gave a talk on, “South Asia after September 11” at the Department of Political Science and Public Administration, Shah Jalal University, Sylhet on April 22, 2002. 25. Gave a talk on, “Bangladesh and Pakistan: Conflict and Cooperation” at the Department of Political Science, Jahangir Nagar University, Savor on May 06, 2002. 26. Gave a talk on, “Bangladesh and Pakistan: Conflict and Cooperation” at the Department of Political Science, Rajshahi University on August, 18, 2002. 27. Presented a paper at a seminar on, “Bangladesh and Pakistan: Conflict or Cooperation” organized by the Research Society of Bangladesh, Chittagong on August 30, 2002. 28. Gave a talk on, “The Future of Bangladesh-Pakistan Relations” at the Department of Political Science, Chittagong University on September 2, 2002. 29. Gave a presentation on, “Pakistan as a bridge state” at the Asia Research Center, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK on March 9, 2004. 30. Gave a presentation on, “An opportunity for peace in Kashmir?” at Department of International Relations, University Kent at Canterbury, UK, on March 15, 2004. 31. Gave a presentation on, “Pakistan’s internal security concerns” at the International Institute of Strategic Studies, London, UK on April 23, 2004. 32. Discussant at an International Conference on “Japan-South Asia Relations” organized by the Japan Study Center, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh on July 31, 2006. 33. Gave a talk on, “Challenge of Ethnic nationalism and the State Response” in a workshop organized by the Nepal Center for Contemporary Studies, Kathmandu on January 26, 2007. 34. Gave a talk at the Stimson Center, Washington DC on, “The Future of Pakistan” on September 20, 2007. 35. Participated in a one-day conference, “U.S-Pak Strategic Partnership: A Track II Dialogue for Long-Term Security Cooperation and Stability” organized by the Center for Contemporary Conflict, U.S. Naval Postgraduate School and Spearhead Research Institute with support from the U.S. National Nuclear Security Administration and the U.S. Defence Threat Reduction Agency. Conference was held in University of California, Washington D.C. Center on September 21, 2007. 36. Gave a talk on, “What went wrong in Pak-Afghan Relations” at the South Asian Institute, Heidelburg University, Germany on July 4, 2008. 37. Gave a presentation on, “Pakistan’s strategic role in Asia: A key player in war against terrorism”? at the Summer Academy of German Council on Foreign Relations, Berlin on July 17, 2008. 38. Gave a talk on, “Pakistan’s internal and external security dynamics” at the Asia Section, German Institute of Strategic and Security Affairs, Berlin on July 17, 2008. 39. Gave a talk on, "Constitution and Contemporary Pakistan" in a ten-day workshop organized by the Nepal Center for Contemporary Affairs at Dulhekhel, Nepal on January 29, 2010. 40. Gave a talk on “Transformation of Terrorism Threat in Pakistan” at International Center for Political Violence and Terrorism Research, Rajaratram School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore on January 14, 2011. 41. Gave a talk on “The Challenge of Counter Terrorism in Pakistan” at the Institute of South Asian Studies, National University of Singapore on January 27, 2011. 42. Gave a talk at Zentrum Moderner Orient (ZMO) Berlin, on, “Challenging the Secular State in Pakistan: The New Mobility of Radical Networks and the Transformation of Terrorist Threat” on June 30, 2011.

121

TALKS AND PRESENTATIONS DELIVERED IN PAKISTAN

1. Delivered a talk in a seminar organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi on "Superpower Rivalry in the Indian Ocean" on July 30, 1986. 2. Delivered a talk on "Foreign Policy of Pakistan: options and challenges" at a seminar organized by the Rotary International, Karachi in October 1988. 3. Read a paper on "Sino-Soviet détente and its impact on Asian Security" at the Area Study Center for Central Asia" University of Peshawar on December 14, 1989. 4. Read a paper on "Implications of Perestroika on the Soviet Central Asian Republics" at the Area Study Center for Central Asia, University of Peshawar on February 8, 1991. 5. Delivered a lecture on "Europe- Future Unification" in April 1991 at the Pakistan Naval Staff College, Karachi in April 1991. 6. Delivered at lecture on "European Union 1992: a model for the SAARC" in the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi on June 17, 1991. 7. Delivered a lecture on "Break-up of USSR and emergence of Central Asian States" at the JCO Academy, PAF Base, Karachi in September 1992. 8. Delivered at talk on "Ethnic conflicts in South Asia" at the Pakistan Navy Staff, College, Karachi on April 04, 1994. 9. Read a paper on "Non-military CBMs in South Asia: Pakistan's Perspective" in a national seminar entitled Pakistan's security concerns" organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi on April 24, 1994. 10. Read a paper on "United States and Central Asia: Distant Neighbors" in a conference organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi with the collaboration of Hanns Seidel Foundation in Karachi on October 30-31, 1994. 11. Presented a paper on August 21, 1996 on "Decision-Making process in Pakistan's Foreign Policy" in a one-day seminar in Karachi organized by Foundation For Research On International Environment, National Development & Security. 12. Presented a paper on October 20, 1996 on "The politics of ethnicity and nationalism in Europe and South Asia: lessons from the European experience" organized by the Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Germany. 13. Presented a paper on December 2,1996 on, "Conflict management and the role of third party mediation" organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Germany. 14. Gave a presentation on, "Global Power Structure" at the Air War College, Karachi in March 1997. 15. Gave a presentation on, "ASEAN and the Far East" at the Command and Staff College, Quetta in May 1997. 16. Gave a presentation on “SAARC and the Indian Ocean” at the Command and Staff College, Quetta in June 1998. 17. Gave a presentation on, “Islam in America: image and reality” at a conference organized by the American Studies Center, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad on October 10, 1998. 18. Gave a presentation on, “The response of G-8 and China on the nuclear proliferation in South Asia” at a seminar organized by FRIENDS in July, 1999. 19. Gave a presentation on, “Pakistan’s Foreign Policy,” at the Air War College, Karachi on March 8, 2000. 20. Presented a paper on, "Third Party Mediation as a lesson for South Asia from the Arab-Israeli Peace Process," in Ford Foundation/International Relations Department, University of Karachi Workshop on April 08, 2000.

122 21. Presented a paper on, "The CTBT Controversy: The Regional Dimension," in a seminar organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi on April 29, 2000. 22. Gave a presentation on, “Internal Stability and National Security” at the Air War College, Karachi on August 31, 2000. 23. Gave a presentation on, “The growing strategic partnership between USA-India, Russia – India and its impact on Pakistan” at the Air War College, Karachi on November 03, 2000. 24. Gave a presentation on, “The predicament of conflict resolution in South Asia: major conceptual dimensions” in a workshop on, The challenge of Conflict Resolution in 21st Century: Problems and Prospects” held at International Relations Department, University of Karachi on November 11, 2000. 25. Gave a presentation in an international workshop on, “The Rationale of Confidence-Building Measures” organized under the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi on February 23, 2001. 26. Gave a presentation in a workshop on, “Why rethinking the paradigms of conflict resolution” on December 22, 2001 held under the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi. 27. Presented a paper on, “Civil Society of Bangladesh and the challenge of Peace: Lessons for South Asia” at the fifth Sustainable Development Policy Institute Conference held in Islamabad on November 01, 2002. 28. Gave a presentation on “Pakistan Domestic Challenges” at the National Defense College, Islamabad in December 2002. 29. Gave a presentation at a two-day international conference, “A New Peace And A New War” organized by the International Center for Peace and Conflict Resolution, held in Islamabad in May 2004. 30. Gave a talk at the Pakistan Navy War College, Lahore on, “Options for the Resolving the Kashmir Dispute” on January 05, 2005. 31. Gave a talk at the Command and Staff College, Quetta, “Research Methodology” on February 24, 2005. 32. Presented a paper on, “The implications of EU’s enlargement” at a seminar organized by the Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi on March 01, 2005. 33. Presented a paper on, “Afghanistan after 9/11” at an International Workshop on, “The Challenge of Rebuilding Afghanistan” held under the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi on March 2, 2005. 34. Presented a paper on “Theory and Practice of Work Ethics: A Case Study of Pakistan” at a two day national conference on Ethics, Values and Social Transformation: perspectives from Pakistan” by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Islamabad and Department of International Relations, University of Karachi on September 23, 2005. 35. Presented a paper, “Globalization and the problems of human development in Pakistan” at an International workshop organized by the Area Study Center for Europe in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation in Karachi on, November 29, 2006. 36. Gave a talk at Pakistan Naval Academy, Karachi on August 24, 2007 on, “Quaid’s Vision of Pakistan.” 37. Presented a paper on, “Conflict Management Mechanisms: Need for An Alternate Approach” in a two-day workshop on Conflict Management Mechanisms and the Challenge of Peace, organized by the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi and the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad on November 26, 2007. 38. Presented a paper on “Contemporary Sino-Russian Relations and their Strategic and Economic Significance” in one-day seminar on, Sino-Indian-Russia Triangle and its Impact on South Asian Politics held at the Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi on December 15, 2007. 39. Gave a talk on, “EU-Asia Relations: Problems and Prospects” at the Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi on February 6, 2008.

123 40. Gave a talk on “Work Ethics and the Rule of Law” in a seminar on, “Good Governance and the Rule of Law” organized by the Transparency International in Karachi on February 7, 2008. 41. Presented a paper on, "International Relations and Research Methodology" at the First International Relations Conference held at the Arts Auditorium, University of Karachi and sponsored by the Higher Education Commission, Islamabad on March 26-27, 2008. 42. Presented a paper on, "Soft Power and Foreign Policy Making Process" in a two-day workshop on Foreign Policy Making Process held at the Goethe Institut on April 28-29, 2008 in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad. 43. Presented a paper on, "The Concept of Early Warning Mechanisms" in a two-day international workshop on, "Early Warning Systems: Potential for Crisis Management and Regional Cooperation" organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation on March 17-18, 2009. 44. Presented a paper on, "Teaching and Research Methods in IR Discipline" in a three-day International Conference organized by the Department of International Relations, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation on April 06-08, 2009. 45. Presented a paper in a one-day seminar on, "The redefining of NATO's role after the Cold War: The Concept of Out of Area Operations," presented at the Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi on June 24, 2009. 46. Gave a talk on "Asymmetric Challenges to Pakistan's Internal Security," at the PAF Air War College, Karachi on August 21, 2009. 47. Presented a paper on, "The Rationale of Conflict Resolution Research" in a two-day regional workshop on conflict resolution research held at the University of Karachi on November 10-11, 2009 and organized by the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad. 48. Presented a paper on, "The Case of Afghanistan: Punitive Intervention or Neo-Imperialism?" in an International Conference organized by the Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad on December 9, 2009. 49. Gave a talk on, “The Global and Regional Impact of Emerging Sino-Russian Partnership,” held at the Area Study Center for Europe on March 16, 2010. 50. Presented a paper on, “Regionalism: Myth or Reality” in a two-day regional workshop on Restructuring of SAARC organized by the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad on March 30, 2010. 51. Presented a paper on “Reconceptualizing Conflict Transformation” in a two-day International Workshop on Conflict Transformation and the Challenge of Peace organized by the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad.

HONORS

1. Obtained merit scholarship in all four semesters while studying in M.Sc. International Relations, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, 1979-1981. 2. Obtained fellowships to attend International Seminars in Salzburg, Austria and Geneva, Switzerland. Executive position in "History Society", Government National College, Karachi in 1974-75. Member of several National and International Organizations. 3. Obtained Asia Fellowship from Asia Scholarship Foundation, Thailand for nine months in 2002 to conduct research on, "Bangladesh-Pakistan Relations: Political, Economic and Cultural Dynamics." 4. Given the “Best Teacher’s Award” by the Federal Education Ministry, Government of Pakistan, Pakistan National Commission on Human Development, Higher Education Commission, Islamabad and USESCO on the occasion of International Teacher’s Day on October 5, 2006.

124 5. Given the “Best Teacher Award” of the Year 2004 by the Higher Education Commission, Islamabad on January 26, 2008.

SUPERVISION OF Ph.D. STUDENTS

Supervised two Ph.D. students. Currently, four students are doing M.Phil research under my guidance.

LEADERSHIP QUALITIES

1. Organized an International Conference on "Contemporary Central Asia" with the collaboration of Department of International Relations, University of Karachi and Hanns Seidel Foundation in Karachi on October 30-31, 1994. 2. Organized an International Workshop on "Internal and External Dynamics of South Asian Security" with the collaboration of Department of International Relations, University of Karachi and Frederick Ebert Stiffing on December 8, 1996. 3. Organized an International Workshop under the auspices of Ford Foundation, International Relations Department Research Project entitled, “peace by process: lessons for India and Pakistan from the Middle East” in Karachi on February 28, 1998. 4. Organized an International Workshop under the auspices of Ford Foundation, International Relations Department Research Project entitled, “peace by process: lessons for India and Pakistan from the Middle East” in Karachi on September 2-3, 1998. 5. Organized a Regional Workshop under the auspices of Ford Foundation, International Relations Department Research Project entitled, “Peace by process: lessons for India and Pakistan from the Middle East” in Karachi on April 8, 2000. 6. Organized a seminar on, “The CTBT Controversy: Different Perceptions” under the auspices of International Relations Department, University of Karachi on April 29, 2000. 7. Organized a workshop on, ”Conflict Resolution in 21st Century: Problems and Prospects” on September 11, 2000. 8. Organized an International Workshop on, “The challenge of confidence-building in 21st century: Problems and Prospects for South Asia” on February 23-25,2001. 9. Organized an International Workshop on, “Paradigms of Conflict Resolution in South Asia” December 22-23, 2001. 10. Organized a Regional Workshop on, “The World After September 11: Challenges and Opportunities” on February 22, 2003. 11. Organized a Regional Workshop on, “Teaching and Research Methods in Conflict Resolution” in collaboration with the Higher Education Commission (HEC) Islamabad on October 09-10, 2004. 12. Organized an International Workshop on, “The Challenge of Rebuilding Afghanistan” in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad on March 02-03, 2005. 13. Organized a two-day International Workshop in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad at the Arts Auditorium, University of Karachi on November 26-27, 2007 on, "Conflict Management Mechanisms and the Challenge of Peace." 14. Organized a two-day Conference on, "The State of International Relations in Pakistan" in collaboration with the Higher Education Commission and the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad at the Arts Auditorium on March 26-27, 2008. 15. Organized a two-day Workshop on, "Foreign Policy Making Process" in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad at the Goethe Institut, Karachi on April 27-28, 2008.

125 16. Organized an International Workshop on "Early Warning Systems: Potential for Crisis Management and Regional Cooperation" in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad at the Goethe Institut, Karachi on March 16-17, 2009. 17. Organized a two-day regional workshop on conflict resolution research held at the University of Karachi on November 10-11, 2009 and organized by the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad. 18. Organized a two-day regional workshop on Restructuring of SAARC in March 2010 organized by the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad. 19. Organized a two-day International Workshop on Conflict Transformation and the Challenge of Peace organized by the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad in December 2010. 20. Developed a computer lab and conference room at the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi. 21. Developed the website of the Department at www.kuird.org and also website of Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution at www.ppscr.org under my supervision. 22. Modernized the Seminar Library, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi. 23. Organized 160 programmes under the Graduate Studies Discussion Group (GSDG) on various topics of International Affairs since August 1996. GSDG is a weekly discussion programme held in the Department involving graduate students, faculty members and guest speakers. For details see, www.kuird.org 24. Elected Member of Karachi University Senate. 25. Member of Karachi University Academic Council. 26. Member, Board of Graduate Studies, Agha Khan University, Karachi. 27. Elected Member Executive Council, Karachi University Teacher's Society, 1996-97, 1997-98, 1998- 99, 2000-2001, 2005-2006, 2006-2007 and 2007-2008, 2008-2009, 2009-2010.

COUNTRIES VISITED

Afghanistan, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Egypt, France, Germany, India, Nepal, Peoples Republic of China, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri- Lanka, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Thailand, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United States.

126

SHAISTA TABASSUM (PROFESSOR)

Email: [email protected]

EDUCATION

• Ph.D. (2000) Thesis Titled: ‘The U.S Policy of Nuclear Non Proliferation in South Asia with special reference to Pakistan (1947-90): Evaluation & Implications’. Department of International Relations, university of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan. • M.A in International Relations [1987] First Class First Position, Department of Internal Relations, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan. • B.A (Honors) in International Relations [1986] First Class First Position. Department of Internal Relations, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.

TEACHING Experience DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, UNIVERSITY OF KARACHI

• Professor, (2005t till date) • Assistant Professor (1999 to2005) • Lecturer (1989 To 1998)

SZABIST (Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology 2003-4)

• Adjunct COMMECS (Commecs Institute of Business Management 2004-05)

Institute of Business Administration

• Visiting faculty IBA (Institute of Business Administration 2005-06) Worked as visiting faculty.

CERTIFICATES

• Certificate of United Nations training programme on International Law, July-Aug 2002. The Hague, Netherlands. • Summer course on Public International Law from The Hague Academy of International Law, The Hague, Netherlands, 22 Jul-09 Aug’2002. • Short training course for academicians on International Humanitarian Law organized by International Commission of Red Cross (ICRC), Islamabad, (November 1998). • Short Course on Women Studies, organized by Center of Excellence for Women Studies, University of Karachi. (21 December 1992 - 28 January 1993).

FELLOWSHIP, AWARDS AND CERTIFICATIONS

FELLOWSHIP

127 • Received full Fellowship from United Nations under the Programme of the United Nations Institute of Training and Research (UNITAR) on International Law at The Hague, Netherlands, 8 July-16 August 2002.

AWARDS

• The Kodikara Award won on the basis of research proposal competition at the South Asian level, given by the Regional Center for Strategic Studies, Sri-Lanka 2000. • Kulsum Bai Valika Gold Medal Certificate on securing Fist Class First Position in M.A. • Merit Certificate on securing Fist Class First Position in M.A from the University of Karachi. • Merit Certificate from the University of Karachi on securing First Class First Position in B.A (Honors).

PUBLICATIONS

BOOKS

• ‘Nuclear Policy of the United States in South Asia: Proliferation or Non-Proliferation, (Karachi: Royal Book Company, 2003), pp-184 • ‘The Lebanese crisis’, in Nigar Sajjad Zaheer (ed.) ‘Middle East Politics’, (Karachi: Department of Islamic History, 2007)pp- • ‘Conflict Resolution Mechanism in Resolving Water disputes in South Asia’, in Moonis Ahmer (ed.),‘Different perceptions on Conflict Resolution: Need for an alternative approach’, (Karachi: BCC& T, University of Karachi, 2005), pp. 201-213. • ‘The Role of CBMs in Resolving Non Military Issues between India & Pakistan: Case Study of the Indus Water Treaty’, in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), The Challenge of Confidence-Building in South Asia, (New Delhi: Har-Anand Publications, 2001), pp.385-400. • ‘CTBT: The International Dimension’ in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), ‘CTBT: Different Perceptions’, (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi) August’ 2000, pp. 27-36.

MONOGRAPH

• ‘River Water Sharing Problem between India and Pakistan: Case Study of Indus Waters Treaty, (Colombo: Regional Center for Strategic Studies [RCSS]) 2004, pp-91.

• Environmental Conflict and Cooperation in South Asia: Prospect for Trans-boundary Disputes Resolution with Shared Water Resources, Woodrow Wilson Center, Washington D.C, and United Nations Environmental Programme UNEP, 2007. pp-31

JOURNALS

• The European Union and South Asia: the issues of Human Rights and Democracy’, Journal of European Studies, Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi (Karachi) vol.20 & 21, no. 2 & 1, July & January 2005, pp 72-86. • ‘Water as a source of future conflict in the Middle East’ National Development and Security, Foundation of International Environment National Development and Security, (Islamabad), vol. XIII:1, serial no: 49, Autumn, 2005. pp 11-22 • ‘India-Nepal Treaty on Mahakali river’, Pakistan Horizon, Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, (Karachi), vol. 57, no.2, April 2004, pp.51-61 • ‘Refugees: the legal aspect’, National Development and Security, Foundation of International Environment National Development and Security, (Islamabad), vol. XII:2, serial no: 46, Winter , 2004, pp. 40-54.

128 • ‘Indo-Bangladesh Treaty on Farakkha Barrage: An International Law Perspective’ Pakistan Horizon, Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, (Karachi), vol. 56, no.3, July 2003, pp.44-62 • ‘E.C-Pakistan Trade Relations’, Journal of European Studies, Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi, (Karachi) vol. 18 & 19: no. 2 & 1, July 2002 & January 2003.pp • ‘Bosnia-Herzegovina: The Roots of the Problem’, Journal of European Studies, Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi, ( Karachi) vol. 10, no. 2, July 1994, pp.88-93 • ‘Whither Swiss Neutrality’, Journal of European Studies, Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi, vol. 9 & 10, no. 2 & 1, July 1993 & January 1994, pp.111-11

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES / WORKSHOPS ATTENDED

• IONS: The Indian Ocean naval Symposium, International symposium organized by the Indian Navy in collaboration with National Maritime Foundation New Delhi, February 14-15, 2008, New Delhi. • Environment and Conflict Prevention initiatives’, regional workshop-Asia Pacific case studies, organized by the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) Division of Early Warning and Assessment (DEWA), 5-6 June 2006, Bangkok. • ‘Keeping the Peace in Asia’, International Workshop at Singapore organized by the Singapore Institute of International Affairs, 26-27 February 2001, Singapore. • ‘U.S. International Visitor Programme’, Participated in a 21 days International Visitor Programme (IVP) on U.S Foreign Policy organized by U.S Department of States, 22 September-13 October, 2000. Visited, Washington D.C (State Department, The Pentagon, US Senate, US House of Representatives, US Department of Commerce, US Institute Of peace, Brooking Institution, The Stimson Center) Iowa (Iowa State Governor, Iowa State Council, The Agricultural Department) Seattle, Washington (Local newspaper offices, Governors House) St. Jose (Monrey Institute) New York (United Nations, Council of Foreign Relations) • ‘Defence, Technology and Co-operative Security’, International Workshop organized by The Regional Center for Strategic Studies, Sri Lanka, 20-29 September 1998, Shanghai, China. • ‘International Conference on American Studies’ organized by Area Study Center for Africa, North & South America, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad in collaboration with USIS. 10-13 October 1994, Islamabad. • ‘International Workshop on American Studies’, organized by Area Study Center for Africa, North & South America, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad in collaboration with USIS, August 1993, Islamabad.

RESEARCH PROJECTS

• Submitted six months project of the Woodrow Wilson Center and the United Nations Environmental Programme, on “Sir Creek”, 2007. • Submitted one year research project of the Regional Center for Strategic Studies (RCSS), Colombo, Sri Lanka under Kodikara Award, “The River Water Sharing Problem between India and Pakistan: case study Indus Waters Treaty”, 2002 • Submitted six months Research Project on the ‘Role of Regional Research Institute in Sindh and Balochistan”, funded by the Regional Centre of Strategic Studies (RCSS), Colombo, Sri Lanka in 2000.

129 MUTAHIR AHMED (PROFESSOR) Email: [email protected]

ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS Post-Doctorate , University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,2006 Ph.D. University of Karachi, Pakistan, 2001.

TEACHING / RESEARCH EXPERIENCE

1. Professor, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi since October 2005. 2. Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, from 4August 1999 to September 2005. 3. Lecturer, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, from 19 August 1995 to 3 August 1999. 4. Research Officer, The Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, Karachi, from 2 October 1988 to 18 August 1995.

RESEARCH POSITIONS

Coordinator, Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution (PSCR), Department of International Relations, University of Karachi.

Acting Editor , Pakistan Horizon, (Quarterly Research Journal of the Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, Karachi), 1991 to1992.

FIELD OF SPECIALIZATION

Conflict Resolution and Confidence Building Measures particularly focuses on ethnicity, religious revivalism and state society relationship in South, Central and Middle Eastern regions.

RESEARCH PROJECT

• Ethnic harmony and economic development in Malaysia: Lessons for Pakistan, under Asia Fellowship Award, at the University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2006. • Regional Interests in Afghanistan, Research Project, Research Cell, Faculty of Arts, University of Karachi, Karachi, 2007.

PUBLICATIONS

1. "Challenges for Religious Fundamentalism to China: Policies and Responses", Editor Emile Kok-Kheng Yeoh and Evelyn Devadason, (University of Malaya, Institute of China Studies, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2007, pp. 186-196. 2. “ Ethnic harmony and economic development in Malaysia: Lessons for Pakistan”, Working Paper Series, at the University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2006-07, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2006-07, pp.1-38. 3. The Afghanistan Crisis: Issues and Perspectives. Editor K. Warikoo, (New Delhi: Bhavana Books and Prints, 2003), pp. 392-405. 4. The World After September 11: Challenges and Opportunities. Editor Moonis Ahmar, (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi and Hanns Seidal Foundation, 2003), pp. 88-103.

130 5. Paradigms of Conflict Resolution in South Asia. Editor Moonis Ahmar, (Dhaka: The University Press Limited, 2003), pp. 173-184. 6. The challenge of Confidence Building in South Asia. Editor Moonis Ahmar, (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2001), pp.284-304. 7. The CTBT Controversy: Different Perceptions in South Asia Editor, Moonis Ahmar, (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2000), pp. 92-106. 8. Contemporary Central Asia, Editor, Moonis Ahmar, (Islamabad: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi and Hanns Seidal Foundation, 1995), pp. 232-243. 9. Post Cold War European Order and South Asia, Editor, Naveed Ahmed, (Karachi: Area Study Center for Europe, University of Karachi and Hanns Seidal Foundation, 1996), pp. 176-193.

RESEARCH ARTICLES

1. “Pakistan-Afghan Relations: 1994-2000”, The Afghanistan Crisis: Issues and Perspectives. Editor K. Warikoo, (New Delhi: Bhavana Books and Prints, 2003), pp. 392-405. 2. “Linkage between Terrorism and Religious Extremism: Challenges for the Muslim World”, The World After September 11: Challenges and Opportunities. Editor Moonis Ahmar, (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi and Hanns Seidal Foundation, 2003), pp. 88-103. 3. “Linkage between Terrorism and the CBMs Process in South Asia”, Paradigms of Conflict Resolution in South Asia. Editor Moonis Ahmar, (Dhaka: The University Press Limited, 2003), pp. 173-184. 4. “Missile Defence In South Asia Pakistani Perspective” The Impact of US Ballistic Missile Defenses on Southern Asia Editors Michael Krepon and Chris Gagne (The Henry L. Stimson Centre Washington D.C., 2002,) pp.21-28. 5. “Fundamentalism in Afghanistan and its impact on Central Asia”, in The Annual Journal of the Center for Regional and Trans border Studies (The former Center for Eurasian Studies} Ministry of Education Russian Federation, Volgogard State University, Vol., 2001.pp.24-35. 6. “ The Role of Violence in South Asian and the Middle Eastern Regions as an Impediment to the CBMs Process” The Challenge of Confidence Building In South Asia Editor Moonis Ahmar, (Karachi: Department of International Relations University of Karachi, 2001), pp.284-304. 7. “The Role of Nuclear Nationalism and Religious Extremism”, The CTBT Controversy: Different Perceptions in South Asia Editor, Moonis Ahmar, (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2000), pp. 92-106. 8. “The status of nuclear and missile Technology and India and Pakistan and its impact on South Asian region”, National Development and Security (Rawalpindi) Vol. V111, No: 4, (1999), pp.123-32. 9. “Afghanistan and Tajikistan: Destabilizing factors for South and Central Asia”, Perceptions, (Ankara), Vol. 3, No.1, March-May 1998,pp.134-50. 10. “Afghanistan and the Rise of Regional Power Rivalries”, Pakistan Perspective, (Karachi), Vol. 3, June 1998, pp. 101-111. 10. “Confidence Building Measures between Pakistan and India: An Argument for change”, Contemporary South Asia, (Bradford), Vol. 3, No. 1, August (1997) pp. 47-60. 11. “China and Regional Muslim State: Challenges and opportunities in 21st Century”, National Development and Security, (Rawalpindi) Vol. VI, August 1997, No. 1, pp. 47-60. 12. “European Union and ASEAN: First step towards Confidence Building Measures, Lessons for South Asia, Journal of European Studies, (Karachi), Vol. 2, No. 3, (1997) pp. 43-54. 13. "Prospects of Islamic Fundamentalism in the Post Cold War Era", National Development and Security, Vol. IV, No: 4 (1996), pp.75-87. 14. "The European Union's Response to the Kashmir Issue", Journal of European Studies, Vol. 11 and 12, No: 2 and 1 (1996), pp. 55-61. 15. "Turmoil in Tajikistan: The Role of Internal and External Powers", Eurasian Studies, (Ankara), Vol. 3, Fall (1995), pp. 69-80. 16. "Euro-Central Asian Relations", Eurasian Studies, Vol. 1, Spring (1995), pp.52-58.

131 17. "The Role of Confidence-Building Measures: Indo- Pakistan Conflicts", Pakistan Horizon, (Karachi), Vol. 1, January (1995), pp.71-80. 18. "Tajikistan: Internal Strife and External Response", Pakistan Horizon, Vol. 3, October (1994), pp. 80- 92. 19. "Radical Islam and Central Asia", Eurasian Studies, Vol. 3, Fall (1994), pp. 54-60. 20. "Prospects of Fundamentalism in Central Asia", Pakistan Horizon, Vol. 3, July (1992), pp.71-82. 21. "Sino-Soviet Rapprochement: Its impact on South Asia", Pakistan Horizon, Vol. 1, January (1990), pp. 70- 81. 22. "Sino-Soviet Summit", Journal of European Studies, No.1, (January 1990), pp. 110-120. 23. "Geneva Accords: An Historical Perspective", Journal of European Studies, No.2 and 1, (July 1988 and January 1989), pp.109-118.

SEMINARS ATTENDED / LECTURES DELIVERED

INTERNATIONAL

• Participated in a round table discussion at the Atlantic Council of the US, the programme on Atlantic–Pacific interrelationships, Washington on “Comparing European and Asian views of Missile Defense”, 30 May 2001. • Participated in a discussion at Rayburn House Office Building, Washington in coordination with the Stanley Foundation on “ The challenge of Regional Nuclear Arsenals”, 12 June 2001. • Participated in a round table discussion at Henry L. Stimson Centre, Washington on “Nuclear Non-Proliferation, Arms Control and Disarmament in Northeast Asia”, 14 June 2001. • Participated in a seminar at Monetary Institute, Washington on “Nuclear Safeguard at Risk”, 26 June 2001. • Participated in a visiting fellows roundtable at the Brookings Institution, Washington on “The case for limited National Missile Defense and a discussion on Northeast Asia policy”, 27 June 2001. • Participated in a round table discussion at the Centre for Strategic and International Studies, Washington, “ Contemporary South Asia”, 30 June 2001. • Participated in around table discussion at the Brookings Institution on, Washington, “India-Pakistan Summit”, 11 July 2001. • Participated in a talk at the Woodrow Wilson International Centre for Scholars, Washington on “Afghanistan: Fundamentalist Extremist”, 17 July 2001. • Participated in a discussion at the Centre for Strategic and International Studies, Washington on “Bangladesh: Elections and Afterwards”, 24 July 2001. • Participated in a discussion at the Woodrow Wilson Centre for Scholars, Washington on “ Spatial Effects of Civil Wars and Around the World”, 5 August 2001. • Giving a talk at the Henry L. Stimson Centre, Washington, “ National Missile Defense Programme: a Pakistani perception”, 5 August 2001. • Participated in the First Conference of the summer workshop Alumni on “ South Asia facing the New Millennium” of the Regional Centre for Strategic Studies (RCSS) in Sri Lanka on September 21-23, 1999. • Participated in a Workshop organized by the Joan B. Kroc International Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame and the Fourth Freedom Forum in Katmandu, Nepal, December 11-13, 1998. • Participated in a summer workshop organized by the Regional Centre Strategic Studies Colombo, Sri Lanka on “ Defense, Technology and Cooperative Security in South Asia”, 12-21 September 1997.

132 • Delivered a lecture at a seminar “ Managing Regional Conflicts in South Asia”, at the Department of South Asia, Wisconsin University, Madison, Wisconsin, US, 15 December 1993. • Delivered a talk at workshop on “ Prospects of Islamic Fundamentalism in Central Asia”, Fletcher School of Diplomacy, Boston, US, 19 December 1993. • Participated in a workshop organized by Atlanta University of Technology, Atlanta, on “Conflict Resolution in South Asia”, 21 December 1993. • Participated in a workshop on “Indo-Pak Conflict: Future perspective”, organized by the Department of South Asia, Colombia University, New York, 26 December 1993.

IN PAKISTAN

• Delivered a talk on “Terrorism in Pakistan”, organized by the RCSS, Colombo, Karachi, 05 January 2004. • Presented a paper entitled “ The linkage between International terrorism and religious extremism: a challenge for the Muslim world”, at an international conference organized by the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Karachi, 22 February 2002. • Presented a paper entitled “The role of Violence in South Asian and the Middle Eastern regions as a Impediment to the CBMs Process”, At the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 17 December, 2001. • Presented a paper entitled “ The role of Nuclear Nationalism and Religious extremism”, at an International conference organized by the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Germany, Karachi, 18 June 2000. • Presented a paper entitled “ China and regional Muslim States : Challenges opportunities in 21st century” organized by FRIENDS with the collaboration with Hanns Seidel Foundation, Karachi, 30- 31 October, 1995. • Presented a paper entitled “ UN and Afghanistan in a international seminar organized by the Institute of International Affairs at the 50th anniversary of the UN IN Karachi, 14-15 October, 1995. • Presented a paper entitled “Confidence Building Measures: South Asian Perspective”, in an international seminar organized by the Institute of International Affairs, on 3 April 1995. • Presented a paper entitled “ Europe and Central Asia” in an international seminar organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi , 30-31 October, 1994.

ORGANIZATION OF SEMINARS

o Organized an International seminar on “ Conflict resolution and Conflict management in South Asia”, with the collaboration of the Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, Karachi, 3 April, 1995. o Organized a seminar on “Afghanistan in regional perspective”, in the Department of International Relations University of Karachi, 26 October 1998.

HONORS

• Awarded Asia Fellowship Award by Ford Foundation, Research is conducted on “Ethnic Harmony and economic development in Malaysia: Lesson for Pakistan”, 2004-5. • Awarded a Visiting Fellowship at the Henry L. Stimson Center, Washington, May-August, 2001.

133 • Awarded a Scholarship to participate in a summer workshop on “Defense and Cooperative Security in South Asia”, organized by the Regional Center for Strategic Studies Colombo, Sri Lanka, September 12-21, 1997. • The vice-chancellor, University of Karachi awarded certificate of Appreciation in recognition of research papers published during July 1994 - June 1995. • Awarded Visiting Scholarship for International Visitors Programme by the United States Information Services (USIS) from 5 November 1993 to 15 December 1993.

134 NAEEM AHMED (ASSISTANT PROFESSOR)

Email: [email protected] - [email protected]

ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS

• Ph.D. from the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in 2007. The topic of the dissertation is: State, Society and Terrorism: A Case Study of Pakistan after September 11. • Masters in International Affairs from the Department of Politics, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA in 2005. • MA International Relations with First class Third position from the University of Karachi in 1997. • Certificate Course in Government and Politics from the London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK in 2002.

TEACHING EXPERIENCE

1. Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, since December 17, 2007. 2. Lecturer, at the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, from June 14, 2006 to December 16, 2007. 3. Cooperative Teacher (Full-Time) at the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, from July 16, 2005 to June 13, 2006. 4. Cooperative Teacher (Full-Time) at the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, from January 1, 2000 to June 30, 2004. 5. Cooperative Teacher (Part-Time) at the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, from January 22, 1999 to December 31, 1999.

OTHER POSITIONS

• President, Fulbright Alumni Association, Karachi Chapter. • Programme Coordinator, Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution (PSCR), Department of International Relations, University of Karachi MEMBERSHIP • Elected member of the Committee of the Regional Center for Strategic Studies Alumni, Sindh Chapter. • Member of the Council of Social Sciences (COSS), Pakistan.

RESEARCH EXPERIENCE

• Worked as a Research Consultant in the United States Institute of Peace (USIP)/Department of International Relations research project, entitled, "Relevance of Peace Process in the post Nuclear Scenario in South Asia", from January 2001 to December 2002. • Worked as a Research Assistant in the Ford Foundation/I.R. Department Research Project, entitled, "Peace by Process: Lessons for India and Pakistan from the Middle East Peace Process", from December 1997 to August 2000.

RESEARCH PROJECT

• A project on SAARC Simulation Exercise , funded by Hanns Seidel Foundation Islamabad in 2008.

135 • Completed a research project on The Impact of Small Arms on a Community: A case Study of Karachi, granted by the Regional Center for Strategic Studies (RCSS), Sri Lanka and Small Arms Survey (SAS), Switzerland, in 2001.

FIELD OF SPECIALIZATION

Domestic and regional security of South Asia with special reference to religious extremism and terrorism; Nuclear issue; Kashmir issue.

FELLOWSHIP / SCHOLARSHIP

• Fulbright Scholarship at the University of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA for the year 2003-2004. • Chevening Scholarship for the Hansard society research Scholars’ Programme at the London School of Economics (LSE) from January-April 2002. • RCSS Scholarship of the Summer school Workshop on Defence, Technology and Cooperative Security in Sri Lanka from September 13-20, 1999. •

HONOUR

• One of two South Asians who were selected first time for the Hansard Society’s Research Scholar Programme at the London School of Economics, London from January-April 2002. • Worked as a research scholar with Mr. Malcolm Savidge, MP (Labour) Aberdeen (North), from January-April 2002 at the Westminster. • Secured Distinction (71%) on my performance in the Hansard Society’s Research Scholar Programme.

RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS

1. The Vision of South Asia in the year 2047: Perceptions on Human Development in “Paradigms of Conflict Resolution in South Asia”, Moonis Ahmar (ed.), (Dhaka: The University Press Limited, 2003), pp. 299-313. 2. India-Pakistan Relations after September 11 in “The World After September 11: Challenges and Opportunities”, Moonis Ahmar (ed.), (Karachi: Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, 2003), pp. 174-196. 3. Linkage between NMD and Global Terrorism in The Global Security Issues (Moscow, Russia), No. 7, September-October 2002, pp. 7-8. 4. The Impacts of Small Arms on a community: A Case Study of Karachi has been published by the Regional Center for Strategic Studies, Colombo, Sri Lanka in June 2002. 5. Chronology on Conflict and Cooperation in South Asia from 1947-2001, published under the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution (PSCR), Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in November 2001, pp. 155-192. 6. A research paper on The Role of Civil Society in CBMs in South Asia, published in "The Challenge of Confidence Building in South Asia", Moonis Ahmar (ed.), (New Delhi: Har-Anand, 2001), pp. 266-283. 7. A research paper on Conflict Analysis: A Step towards Conflict Resolution", "The Challenge of Conflict Resolution and Security in 21st Century: Problems and Prospects", Moonis Ahmar & Farhan Hanif Siddiqi (eds.), (Karachi: Karachi University Press, 2001), pp. 13-23. 8. Prepared the Chronology on the Conflict and Cooperation in the Middle East and South Asia 1990- 1999, (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, February 2000), pp. 5- 42.

136 9. A research paper on Nuclear Explosions and Environmental Degradation: CTBT as a case study in "CTBT Controversy: Different Perceptions" Moonis Ahmar (ed.), (Karachi: Karachi University Press, 2000), pp. 128-137. 10. A research paper on The Changing Policy of India on Kashmir, published in Pakistan Horizon, Pakistan Institute of International Affairs (PIIA), Karachi, October 1999, pp. 23-38.

ARTICLES

1. 60 years of unresolved Kashmir Dispute: Hopes for the Future, published in The News International (Karachi), on August 14, 2007. 2. Jinnah’s Vision: Mockery with Vision and Verve, published in The News International (Karachi), on December 25, 2006. 3. Kashmir Issue: Search for Constructive Resources, published in The News International (Karachi), on August 14, 2006. 4. Pakistan after Earthquake, published in The News International (Karachi), on March 23, 2006. 5. Dealing with Terrorism, published in South Asia, (Karachi), January 2004, pp. 33-34. 6. Question of Survival, published in South Asia (Karachi), August 2003, pp. 17-19. 7. South Asian Vision in 2047: Perceptions on Human Development, published in The News International (Karachi), on March 3, 2002. 8. The Afghan Sanctions’ Unintended Victims, published in South Asia, (Karachi), January 2001, pp. 23- 24. 9. Pak-US Relations: Past, Present and Future, published in South Asia (Karachi), February 2000, pp. 47- 48.

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

• Edited the proceedings of the Workshops Peace by Process: Lessons for India and Pakistan from the Middle East Peace Process held on February 28, 1998 and September 2-3, 1998.

PRESENTATIONS AND SPEECHES

Abroad

1. Presented a paper on Pak-Afghan Trade and Transit Agreement at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Kabul, Afghanistan, on March 15, 2007. 2. Delivered a lecture on South Asian Politics after September 11 at Asia Research Center, London School of Economics, London, UK on March 19, 2002. 3. Gave a presentation on UK’s Response to South Asian Nuclearization and the US NMD Programme before the Hansard Society’s research scholars on March 4., 2002. 4. Gave a presentation on Cooperative Security in Southern Asia: Mechanisms and Alternatives at the Regional Center for Strategic Studies (RCSS) Workshop held in Sri Lanka from September 13-20, 1999.

In Pakistan

1. Presented a paper on Dialogue Among Cultures at the 4th Fulbright Alumni Conference on Inter-faith Dialogue, held in Islamabad, from 27-29 April 2007. 2. A research paper on India-Pakistan Relations after September 11 in a workshop on “The World After September 11: Challenges and Opportunities” organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi under the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution (PSCR) on 22 February, 2003.

137 3. A research paper on The Vision of South Asia in the year 2047: Perceptions on Human Development in a workshop on "The Paradigms of Conflict Resolution in South Asia", organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi under the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution (PSCR) on 22-23 December, 2001. 4. A research paper on The Role of Civil Society in CBMs in South Asia , in a workshop entitled, "The Challenge of Confidence Building in South Asia" organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi on February 23-25, 2001. 5. A research paper on Conflict Analysis: A Step towards Conflict Resolution, in a workshop, entitled, "The Challenge of Conflict Resolution in South Asia" organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi on November 11 2000. 6. Presented a paper on Step by Step Approach: A Lesson for India and Pakistan from the Middle East Peace Process in the Regional Workshop, organized by the Ford Foundation/Department of International Relations Research Project entitled, "Peace by Process: Lessons for India and Pakistan from the Middle East Process" on April 08, 2000. 7. Presented a research paper entitled, India's Kashmir policy from Nehru to Gujral in a Seminar organized by the Area Study Center, University of Karachi on March 14th, 1998. 8. Presented a research paper, entitled, The Role of the Extra-regional powers in the Gulf Region in a Seminar, organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, on October 23, 1997. 9. Delivered a speech on US Policies towards South Asia in a Seminar held by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi on March 26, 1997.

CONFERENCES/SEMINARS/WORKSHOPS/TALKS ATTENDED

ABROAD

• Attended “Curriculum Development Workshop” at the Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from April 28-May 1, 2008. • Attended a Fulbright Enrichment Seminar on The Future of 108th Congress in Washington, D.C., USA, from March 16-20, 2005. • Attended a talk given by Dr. David Butler, Senior Fellow, Nuffield College, Oxford University, UK, on The British Electoral Process, on March 8, 2002. • Attended a seminar on The UK, Nuclear Weapons and the Scottish Question, organized by the International Institute for Strategic Studies, London, UK on February 28, 2002. • Attended a talk given by Dr. Stephen Coleman, Chairman, Hansard Society, on Democracy and Media, on February 25, 2002. • Attended a talk given by Michael Clancy, The Law Society of Scotland on Scots Law and Devolution, on February 19, 2002. • Attended a talk given by Frank McAveety, MSP, Scottish Labour Party on What Has the Scottish Parliament Achieved? , on February 19, 2002. • Attended a talk given by Iain Smith, MSP, Scottish Liberal Democratic Party on How Does Coalition Government Work ? , on February 19, 2002. • Attended a talk given by Colin Campbell, MSP, Scottish National Party (SNP) on Independence or Bust, on February 20, 2002. • Attended a talk given by Bill Aitken, MSP, Scottish Conservative Party on Are the Conservatives the Real Winners of Devolution?, on February 20, 2002. • Attended a talk given by Professor Lord Meghnad Desai, Director, Center for the Study of Global Governance, LSE, UK, on Development and democratisation, on February 4, 2002.

138 • Attended a conference on The Future of British Nuclear Weapons, organized by the All Party Parliamentary Group on Global Security and Non-proliferation, on February 5, 2002. • Attended a talk given by Graham Allen, MP, Labour Party, on Turn Britain into a Democracy, on February 4, 2002. • Attended a talk given by Peter Lilley, MP, Conservative Party, on Britain and EU Relations, on February 4, 2002. • Participated in a conference on Is Global Morality the New Ideology? organized by the Center for the Study of Global Governance, London School of Economics (LSE), on January 31, 2002. • Attended a talk given by Brian Walker, BBC Correspondent, on The UK and Devolution, on January 28, 2002. • Attended a talk given by Ms. Clare Ward, MP, Labour Party, on New Labour in Power, on January 28, 2002. • Attended a conference on Consolidation or Confrontation: Problems of Security Building in Asia Following September 11, organized by the Asia Research Center, London School of Economics (LSE), on January 22, 2002. • Attended a talk given by Richard Allan, MP, Liberal Democratic Party, on Reforming the British Constitution, on January 21, 2002.

IN PAKISTAN

• Participated in a workshop on The State of International Relations in Pakistan, organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Higher Education Commission, Islamabad and Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, on March 26-27, 2008. • Participated in a workshop on Conflict Management Mechanisms and the Challenge of Peace, organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, on November 26-27, 2007. • Participated in the 4th Fulbright Alumni Conference in Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, held from 27-28 April, 2007. • Participated in the 3rd Fulbright Alumni Conference in Islamabad, held from 26-28 April, 2006. • Participated in a workshop on The Paradigms of Conflict Resolution in South Asia, organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi under the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution (PSCR) on 22-23 December, 2001. • Participated in a workshop on The Challenge of Confidence Building in South Asia, organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi on February 23-25, 2001. • Participated in a workshop on, The Challenge of Conflict Resolution in South Asia organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi on November 11 2000. • Participated in a Regional Workshop, organized by the Ford Foundation/Department of International Relations Research Project entitled, Peace by Process: Lessons for India and Pakistan from the Middle East Process on April 08, 2000. • Participated in a Seminar on Europe and Kashmir, organized by the Area Study Center, University of Karachi on March 14th, 1998. • Participated in a Seminar on Pakistan and the Gulf Region, organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, on October 23, 1997.

TRAINING

1. Attended a training programme on Curriculum Development at Gadja Mada University, Indonesia from April 27, 2008 to May 1, 2008.

139 2. Participated in a training programme on Teacher as a Facilitator, organized by the University of Karachi, from July 19, 2006 to July 22, 2006. 3. Attended a training programme on the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), organized by the RCSS, Colombo from June 7-14, 2001 in Sri Lanka. 4. Participated in a training programme on Research Methodology, organized by Professor Stephen Cohen, Senior Research Fellow, Brookings Institute, USA in September 1999 in Sri Lanka.

LECTURES ARRANGED

o Arranged a lecture of Mr. Sugi Swara, Assistant Director, Regional Centre for Strategic Studies, Colombo, Sri Lanka, on October 23, 1999.

140 Farhan Hanif Siddiqi (Assistant Professor) Email: [email protected]

EDUCATION

Ph. D 2010

1998-1999: Master of Science in Theory and History of International Relations from the London School of Economics and Political Science.

Jan-Dec. 1995: Master of Arts in International Relations from the University of Karachi. Secured First Class First Position (Gold Medallist).

1991-1994: Bachelor of Arts in International Relations from the University of Karachi. Secured First Division.

WORK EXPERIENCE

1996-Till Present Lecturer, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, Pakistan. I teach the following subjects: International Politics, International Political Economy, Middle East and Concepts and Principles of International Relations to postgraduate students.

RESEARCH INTERESTS

• State Building and Politics of Ethnicity in Pakistan; Theories of Ethnicity and Nationalism; Politics and Government in Pakistan; Conflict Resolution and Security Dynamics in South Asia; Theories of International Relations.

WORKSHOPS/SEMINARS ATTENDED

2008: Presented a paper Regional Security Dynamics in the Middle East: The Problematic Search for a Regional Leader in the Arab World in the New Faces Conference organised by the German Council on Foreign Relations (DGAP) in Berlin, Germany.

2008: Presented a paper Theoretical Dimensions of International Relations in a National Workshop on The State of International Relations in Pakistan organised by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi and Higher Education Commission (HEC) Islamabad.

2007: Presented a paper The Pakistani State and Ethnic Movements in the War on Terror: A Theoretical and Empirical Inquiry in the Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS) Third Annual Social Sciences Conference on Pakistan in the Current Global (Dis) Order.

2007: Presented a paper Conflict Management in Northern Ireland in an International Workshop on Conflict Management Mechanisms and the Challenge of Peace organised by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation.

2007: Presented a paper The State and Politics of Ethnicity in Post-1971 Pakistan: The Case of Balochistan in a conference on Beyond Independence: South Asia, 1947-1977 organised by the Department of History, Royal Holloway University, UK.

141 2005: Presented a paper Ethnic Conflict and Religious Violence in Pakistan: The Balochistan Province after September 11, 2001 in the Political Studies Association 55th Annual Conference at the University of Leeds, UK.

2001: Presented a paper Conflict Resolution and Peace: Conceptual and Theoretical Concerns in a national workshop on The Paradigms of Conflict Resolution in South Asia organised by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi under the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution.

2001: Presented a paper State Building and Internal Security in India and Pakistan: The Need for a Domestic CBM Regime in South Asia in a regional Workshop on The Challenge of Confidence Building in 21st Century: Problems and Prospects for South Asia, organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi under the Programme on Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution.

2000: Delivered a talk on Pakistan’s Nuclear Capabilities and Strategies as part of the group presentation at the Regional Centre for Strategic Studies (RCSS) Summer Workshop on "Defence, Technology and Cooperative Security in South Asia" held in Kathmandu, Nepal.

2000: Presented a paper The Effects of Debts on Pakistan's National Security in a National seminar on a Comprehensive Strategy for salvaging Pakistan from Debt Liabilities organised by Foundation for Research on International Environment, National Development and Security (FRIENDS) in collaboration with Hans Seidel Foundation, Munich.

2000: Presented a paper The Economics of the Middle East and South Asia Peace Processes: Regional Cooperation, Integration and Dependence in a regional workshop on Arab-Israeli Peace Process: Lessons Debated for South Asia, organised by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with Ford Foundation, US.

1998: Presented a paper The Role of Moderates and Hard-liners in the Middle East and South Asia Peace Processes in the Ford Foundation/International Relations Department Workshop on the Lessons for India and Pakistan from the Arab Israeli Peace Process. 1996 Presented a paper Dual Containment Policy and South Asian Security in an International Workshop on Internal and External Dynamics of South Asian Security organised by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with Friedrich Ebert Stiftung.

1995: Presented a paper US and UN in an International Conference on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the United Nations on 15th October 1995 organised by the Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, Karachi.

PUBLICATIONS a) Book

• Moonis Ahmar and Farhan Hanif Siddiqi (eds.), The Challenges of Conflict Resolution and Security in 21st Century: Problems and Prospects (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2001). b) Chapters in Books

• “Regional Security Dynamics in the Middle East: The Problematic Search for a Regional Leader in the Arab World” in David Bosold et. al. (eds.), Regional Leaders in the Global

142 Security Arena: Interests, Strategies and Capabilities (Berlin: German Council on Foreign Relations, Forthcoming 2008). • “Peace and Conflict Studies in Pakistan”, co-author with Moonis Ahmar in Inayatullah et. al, Social Sciences in Pakistan: A Profile (Islamabad: Council of Social Sciences, 2005). • “Conflict Resolution and Peace: Conceptual and Theoretical Concerns” in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), Paradigms of Conflict Resolution in South Asia (Dhaka: The University Press Limited, 2003). • “State Building and Internal Security in India and Pakistan: The Need for a Domestic CBM Regime in South Asia” in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), The Challenge of Confidence- Building in South Asia (New Delhi: HarAnand Publications, 2001). • “An Introduction to Pakistan’s Ethnic and Religious Conflicts” in Monique Mekenkamp, Paul van Tongeren, and Hans van de Veen (eds.), Searching for Peace in Central and South Asia: An Overview of Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding Activities (Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2002). • “State Building and Internal Security in India and Pakistan: The Need for a Domestic CBM Regime in South Asia” in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), The Challenge of Confidence- Building in South Asia (New Delhi: HarAnand Publications, 2001). • “The Internal, External and Regional Dynamics of Security in South Asia” in Moonis Ahmar and Farhan Hanif Siddiqi (eds.), The Challenges of Conflict Resolution and Security in 21st Century: Problems and Prospects (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2001). • “The Economic Dimension of the CTBT Controversy” in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), The CTBT Controversy: Different Perceptions in South Asia (Karachi: Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, 2000). • “Dual Containment Policy and South Asian Security” in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), Internal and External Dynamics of South Asian Security (Karachi: Fazleesons Ltd., 1998).

c) Articles in Journals

• “The State and Politics of Ethnonationalism in Pakistan: The Case of Balochistan, 1973- 1977” Contemporary South Asia (Routledge), Forthcoming 2008. • “The State, Relative Deprivation and War: A Case Study of the Secession of East Pakistan, 1947-1971” Pakistan Perspectives (Karachi), Volume 5, Number 1, January- June, 2000. • “The Effects of Debts on Pakistan's National Security” National Development and Security (Rawalpindi), Volume IX, Number 2, Winter 2000. d) Book Reviews

• Carsten Wieland, Nation State by Accident: The Politicization of Ethnic Groups and the Ethnicization of Politics: Bosnia, India, Pakistan in Contemporary South Asia Vol. 15, No. 4, December 2006.

• Adeel Khan, Politics of Identity: Ethnic Nationalism and the State in Pakistan (New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2005) in Contemporary South Asia Vol. 14, No. 4, December 2005.

• Sumantra Bose, Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2003) in Millennium: Journal of International Studies Vol. 33, No. 2, 2004.

143 • Ranabir Samaddar, (ed.), Space, Territory and the State: New Readings in International Politics (Hyderabad: Orient Longman, 2002) in Contemporary South Asia Vol. 12, No. 3, September 2003.

• Robert W. Stern, Democracy and Dictatorship in South Asia: Dominant Classes and Political Outcomes in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh (Westport, Connecticut: Praeger, 2001) in Contemporary South Asia Vol. 11, No. 2, 2002.

• Urmila Phadnis and Rajat Ganguly, Ethnicity and Nation-Building in South Asia (New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2001) in Global Review of Ethnopolitics Vol. 1, No. 3, March 2002.

• Haider Nizamani, The Roots of Rhetoric: Politics of Nuclear Weapons in India and Pakistan (Westport, Connecticut: Praeger, 2000) in Millennium: Journal of International Studies Vol. 30, No. 3, 2001.

INTERVIEWS/GUEST LECTURES

• I have presented news analysis on various channels in Pakistan including CNBC, Geo TV and Pakistan Television (PTV).

• Delivered a lecture to the faculty and members of Air War College, Pakistan Air Force, Karachi on Peace Prospects in South Asia in the changing geopolitical environment on July 2, 2001.

RESEARCH ASSISTANTSHIPS

• I have worked as a Research Assistant for the Ford Foundation/ Department of International Relations, University of Karachi Project on the Lessons for India and Pakistan from the Arab- Israeli Peace Process from November 1997 till January 1998. My duties included assisting the Project Director in collecting research materials related to the project, organising seminars and workshops conducted under the research project, marking of newspaper clipping files and to help train the users of the computer lab.

• I have also worked as a Research Assistant with Prof. Dr. S.M.A. Sayeed, Department of Philosophy, University of Karachi on his book, Iran Before and After Khomeini: A Study in the Dialectics of Shiism and Modernity from September 1999 till November 1999. I have specially helped him in the chapter on Iranian foreign policy, specially vis-à-vis the United States and the Middle Eastern countries.

SCHOLARSHIPS

• I received an Entrance Grant of £15,147 for my MSc course “Theory and History of International Relations” (1998-99) from the London School of Economics and Political Science.

PROFESSIONAL COURSES

• I attended the Regional Centre for Strategic Studies (RCSS) Summer Workshop on "Defence, Technology and Cooperative Security in South Asia" held in Kathmandu, Nepal from September 10-20, 2000.

144 • I attended the United States Information Agency (USIA) Summer Programme on the American Political System held at the Southern Illinois University, Carbondale from the 28th of June till the 9th of August 1997.

ORGANISATIONAL WORK

• I organized a half a day's Workshop on Security in the New Millennium: Envisioning South Asia in the Twenty-First Century in collaboration with the Regional Centre for Strategic Studies (RCSS) based in Colombo, Sri Lanka on November 25, 2000 at the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi.

145 NAUSHEEN WASI (Assistant Professor) E-mail: nausheenwasi1@ hotmail.com [email protected]

M.A. in International Relations University of Karachi Ph. D Scholar (completion by the end of this year)

Research and Teaching Positions

1. May 2011 to date, Assistant Professor , Department of International Relations, University of Karachi. 2. 21 June 2006 to May 2011, Lecturer , Department of International Relations, University of Karachi. 3. 14 September 20 June 2006, Cooperative Lecturer , Department of International Relations, University of Karachi. 4. 1 August 2000 to 13 September 2004, Research Officer , Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, Karachi. 5. 22 March, 2003 to 28 February 2004, Assistant Vice President (Research), Research and Collection Services (Pvt.) Ltd., Karachi. 6. 1 March 2000 to 31 July 2000, Research Assistant in the Ford Foundation and Department of International Relations, University of Karachi Project entitled: Peace by Process: Lessons for India and Pakistan from the Middle East. 7. 1 September 1999 to 29 February 2000, Research Assistant in a project, sponsored by the Faculty of Arts, University of Karachi entitled: Communication Linkage between Pakistan and Central Asia: A Case Study of KKH. 8. February 1998 to September 1999, Freelance Writer .

Honour (s)

Book Reviews Editor , Pakistan Journal of International Relations, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi. Council Member , Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, Karachi. Trainer on communication skills, 2010-2011 , US Consulate, Karachi. Research Incharge , February 2002-Septemebr 2004, Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, Karachi.

Field(s) of Interest

• Issues of regional cooperation and integration: prospects for South Asia • Dynamics of security and approaches to security • Analysis of the world order

Ph. D Thesis

Determinants of Regional Cooperation: Options for South Asia

Publications

Booklet Muslim Political Thought (Karachi: Maktaba-i-Faridi Publications, 2004) .

146 Research Articles/Works

1. ‘Factoring in the Indo-Af-Pak Triangle’ FRIDE Publication (Madrid), 4 April, 2012. 2. ‘Changing Patterns of Security Threats: Imperatives for Realignment’ in Smruti S. Pattanaik (ed.), Envisioning a Regional Future (New Delhi: IDSA, 2011), pp. 56-70. 3. ‘Pakistan-India Relations, Liaquat Ali Khan’s Phase (1947-1951) in Muhammad Anees (ed.), Liaquat and World Affairs (Karachi: Liaquat Foundation, 2010), pp. 81-91. 4. ‘Harnessing the Indus Waters: Perspectives from Pakistan,’ IPCS Issue Brief 128 , New Delhi, September, 2009. 5. ‘A meeting of Enemies’, in Anupama Sekhar (ed.) Closer to Ourselves: Stories from the Journey towards Peace in South Asia (New Delhi: Communication Consultants, 2008), pp. 31-32. 6. ‘13 th SAARC Summit and Regional Cooperation’, Aalmi Ufaq (Karachi), Vol. 1, No.1, January 2006. 7. ‘Pakistan and the UN’, Pakistan Horizon (Karachi), Vol. 58, No.3, July 2005, pp.89-100. 8. ‘Regional Cooperation: Pakistan’s Perspective’, Working Papers (Goa), February 2005. 9. ‘India-Pakistan Détente: Internal and External Factors’, Pakistan Horizon, Vol. 57, No. 3, July 2004, pp. 79-90. 10. ‘Global Security Environment after 9/11: Implications for South Asia’, Pakistan Horizon , Vol. 56, No. 4, October 2003, pp. 35-48. 11. ‘Chronology of Terrorism Related Events Since September 11, 2001’, The World after September 11: Challenges and Opportunities (Karachi: Bureau of Composition, Compilation & Translation, Press, 2003), pp.253-316. 12. ‘Pakistan’s Interests in Central Asia’, Pakistan Horizon , Vol. 55, No. 4, October 2002, pp. 15-26. 13. ‘Security Order in Asia- Pacific Region’ Pakistan Horizon, Vol. 54, No. 3, July 2001, pp. 29-43. 14. ‘Chronology of South Asian affairs from 1947-1960’ , in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), Chronology of Conflict and Cooperation in South Asia 1947-2001 (Karachi: Karachi University Press, 2001) 15. ‘Internal and External Implications of Political Change in Iran’, Pakistan Horizon , Vol. 54, No. 1, January 2001, pp 65-79. 16. ‘A Chronological Survey of CTBT: 1996-2000’ in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), The CTBT Controversy: Different Perceptions in South Asia (Karachi: Karachi University Press, 2000) pp.138-151.

Seminar Proceedings (Chapters in books)

1. ‘Regional Organizations and Early Warning Mechanisms’ in Moonis Ahmar (ed.) Early Warning Systems: Potential for Crisis Management and Regional Cooperation (Karachi: Bureau of Composition, Compilation & Translation, Press, 2010), pp. 113-137.

2. ‘Regional Cooperation: Pakistan’s Perspective’, in V.A. Pai Panandieker and Rahul Tripathy (eds.), Towards Freedom in South Asia, Democratization, Peace and Regional Cooperation (New Delhi: Vanguard books, 2008).

3. ‘SAARC’s Role in Preventing Terrorism’, in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), The World after September 11: Challenges and Opportunities (Karachi: Bureau of Composition, Compilation & Translation, Press, 2003), pp. 197-218.

4. ‘The Vision of South Asia in the Year 2047: Perceptions on Cooperative Security’, in Moonis Ahmar (ed.), Paradigms of Conflict Resolution in South Asia (Dhaka: The University Press Limited, 2003), pp.283-298. 5. ‘Comprehensive and Cooperative Security in South Asia’ in Farhan Hanif Siddiqi and Moonis Ahmar (eds.), The Challenges of Conflict Resolution and Security in the 21 st Century: Problems and Prospects (Karachi: Karachi University Press, 2001), pp.124-137.

Commentaries

147 1. Discussant’s comments on the paper entitled ‘Cooperative security in South Asia: The Future outlook’, in Farooq Sobhan (ed.), Strengthening Cooperation and Security in South Asia Post 9/11 (Dhaka: The University Press Limited/Bangladesh enterprise Institute, 2004), pp. 23-26. 2. Discussant’s comments on the paper entitled ‘Dealing With Nuclear Weapons in South Asia: Safeguard, Verification and Monitoring’, in ibid ., pp. 56-58.

Weekly Analysis

• For a year since 22 March 2003 to 28 February 2004 wrote weekly report, Threat Perceptions (Karachi) on regional and international issues of concern.

Monthly Analysis

• Since March 2003 to February 2004 wrote monthly analysis in Defence Journal (Karachi) on domestic, regional and international situation.

Magazines’ Articles

1. ‘Big Power Showdown (China-India competition), SOUTHASIA (Karachi), November, 2010, p. 41. 2. ‘The Other Side of Happiness (Bhutanese refugee crisis)’ SOUTHASIA (Karachi), July, 2010, p. 62. 3. ‘Unnecessary Trial (War crimes trial in Bangladesh)’, SOUTHASIA (Karachi), May, 2010, pp. 34-35. 4. ‘Estrangement to Engagement (Indo-US cooperation)’, SOUTHASIA (Karachi), October, 2007, pp. 51- 53. 5. ‘SORT: Beginning an Era of Cooperation’, Orbit (Karachi: June 19-July 2, 2002), p. 19. 6. ‘Cooperation in South Asia: Analysis of hindrances’, Orbit (June 19-July 2, 2002), p. 18. 7. ‘City of Sorrow (Problem of law and order in Karachi)’, Southasia , Apri1, 1999, pp.10-11. 8. ‘US attacks Iraq’, Southasia , (January, 1999), pp. 21. 9. ‘Where the East Meets the West’, Southasia (Karachi), December, 1998, pp. 46-47. 10. ‘Critical Mass (Malaysian political crisis)’ Southasia (Karachi) November, 1998, pp. 41-43. 11. ‘Chronic Crisis (Russian Parliamentary Crisis)’, Southasia (Karachi) October, 1998, pp. 48-49. 12. ‘Neo-imperialism’, Southasia (Karachi), September, 1998, pp. 47-48. 13. ‘Euro Era’, Southasia (Karachi) August, 1998, pp. 51-52. 14. ‘Rebuilding Indonesia’, Southasia (Karachi) July, 1998, pp. 44-45. 15. ‘Troubled Waters (Politics of agitation in Bangladesh)’, Southasia (Karachi) April, 1998, pp. 39-40.

Newspapers’ Articles and Book Review

Several articles have been published in different newspaper in the country, and book reviews both in national and international journals.

Research Projects in hand

‘The Expansion of SAARC: An Analysis of Change,’ funded by Research Facility Centre, University of Karachi, Pakistan.

‘External Powers and the Regional Cooperation in South Asia: Sino-US equation,’ funded by ICRIER, Strategic & Economic Capacity-building Programmeme (SECP), New Delhi, India.

148

Workshops/Conferences Attended

Numerous national and international conferences have been attended playing influential role in the organizational activities and working as programme reporter in some of them on:

• International political affairs • The different disciplines of International Relations • Study of Conflicts in different parts of the world • Issues of Pakistan’s internal politics • Personal skill’s grooming

Presentations

(Abroad)

1. ‘Searching the Determinants of Regional Cooperation in South Asia’ on 26 November, 2008 at the Centre for South Asian Studies, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. 2. Analysis of Indo-Pak Peace Process, on September 12, 2008 at the Department of Political Science University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. 3. ‘Energy co-operation between Pakistan, Afghanistan and Central Asia’ on 15 March during Afghanistan-Pakistan Academic Dialogue Programme held in Kabul, Afghanistan on 14-15 March 2007. 4. ‘Regional Cooperation in South Asia: Issues and Problems’ on 15 November 2005 during the Final Plenary on Democratization, Peace and Regional Cooperation in South Asia organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Goa and The International Centre Goa, held in Goa, India on 13-15 November 2005. 5. ‘Regional Cooperation: Pakistan’s Perspective’ on 25 February 2005 during the Working Group meeting of a Project on Democratization, Peace and Regional Cooperation in South Asia organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Goa and The International Centre Goa, held in Goa, India on 24-25 February 2005. 6. ‘Peace and Security in South Asia: Problems and Prospects’ on 20 September 2004 during the First Plenary Conference of a Project on Democratization, Peace and Regional Cooperation in South Asia organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Goa and The International Centre Goa, held in Goa, India on 20-21 September 2004. 7. ‘Cooperative Security in South Asia: the Future Outlook’ on 1 July 2003 during a two-day workshop on Strengthening cooperation and Security in South Asia-post 9/11, organized by the Bangladesh Enterprise Institute (BEI), held in Dhaka, Bangladesh. 8. ‘Dealing with Nuclear Weapons in South Asia: Safeguard, Verification and Monitoring’ on 1 July 2003 during a two-day workshop on Strengthening cooperation and Security in South Asia-post 9/11, organized by the BEI, held in Dhaka.

9. ‘Economic Dimension of Human Security’ on 20 September 2000 during a 10-day workshop, organized by the Regional Center for Strategic Studies (RCSS), held in Kathmandu, Nepal. 10. ‘Towards Security for all in Southern Asia’ on 13 September 2000 during a 10-day workshop, organized by the RCSS, held in Kathmandu.

(In Pakistan)

1. ‘Russia’s Interests and Role in Energy Politics in the Caucasian and Central Asian Regions: the EU Interests and Responses’ at a seminar organized by the Area Study Centre for Europe, Karachi University in collaboration with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, on 7 July 2010.

149 2. ‘International Visitors Leadership Programme: An impression of the visit to the US’ on 7 16 September, 2009 at Graduate Studies’ Discussion Group, the Department of International Relations University of Karachi. 3. ‘Participation in Politics and Nation-building’, on 7 April 2009 at the three-day Symposium on Nation Building organized by the NED University of Science and Technology, held in Karachi on 6-9 April 2009. 4. ‘Regional Organization and Early Warning Mechanisms’ on 17 March, 2009 during a two-day international conference organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, held in Karachi on 17-18 March 2009. 5. ‘Regional Cooperation: A Comparative Analysis’ ‘Prospects of a Comprehensive Peace for the Middle East: Role of European Countries’, on 4 June 2008 in a lecture series organized by the Area Study Centre for Europe, Karachi. 6. ‘Role of Media in International Politics’ on 2 November 2007 during a two-day Media Workshop organized by Liberal Forum at Embassy Inn, Karachi. 7. ‘International Oil Politics in the Caspian Sea Region’ on 21 August 2007 during a day long seminar organized by the Area Study Centre for Europe, Karachi. 8. ‘India-Pakistan Peace Process: An Appraisal’ on 22 February 2007 at Graduate Studies’ Discussion Group, the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi. 9. ‘Muslim League: A Contemporary Analysis’ on 31 October 2006 during a one-day National Conference organized by the Department of General History, University of Karachi. 10. ‘Future of SAARC’ on 19 November 2005 during a day-long seminar organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi. 11. ‘Imperatives of Denuclearization in South Asia and Peace Process’ on 27 May 2005 at Pakistan and India Peace and Democracy Forum, Karachi. 12. ‘Muslim Unity: Myth or Reality’ on 27 January 2005 at Graduate Studies’ Discussion Group, the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi. 13. ‘Pakistan’s Role in the UN’ on 5 May 2004 at a two-day international seminar: United Nations in a Changing World Order, organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Peshawar in collaboration with Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad, held in Peshawar on 4-5 May 2004. 14. ‘Impression from the WISCOMP Workshop on Conflict Transformation’ on 2 August 2003 at Graduate Studies’ Discussion Group, the Department of International Relations University of Karachi. 15. ‘UN on the Brink’ on 5 April 2003 at a discussion programme held at the Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, Karachi. 16. ‘SAARC’s Perspective on Terrorism’ on 22 February 2003 at a workshop organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi in collaboration with Hanns Seidel Foundation, Islamabad. 17. ‘Disarmament in South Asia’ on 26 September 2002 at a discussion programme held at the Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, Karachi. 18. ‘Asia and Africa: Concerning Security and Economic Issues’ on 3 January 2002 at a discussion programme held at the Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, Karachi. 19. ‘The Vision of South Asia in the Year 2047: Perceptions on Cooperative Security’ on 23 December 2001 at a workshop organized by Department of International Relations in collaboration with Regional Institute of Peace and Security Studies on 22-23 December 2001. 20. ‘Emerging Security Trends in Asia-Pacific Region’ on 1 September 2001 at Graduate Studies’ Discussion Group, the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi. 21. ‘Flash Points in Africa: Global Implications’ on 12 March 2001 at a discussion programme held at the Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, Karachi. 22. ‘Problems of Colonial Legacy in Africa’ on 26 October 2000 at a discussion programme, held at the Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, Karachi. 23. ‘Comprehensive and Cooperative Security in South Asia’ on 25 November 2000 at a workshop organized by the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi. 24. ‘Impressions from the Summer School on Arms Control held at Kathmandu’ on 23 September 2000 at Graduate Studies’ Discussion Group, the Department of International Relations University of Karachi.

150 25. ‘Contradictions in Global and South Asian Trends’, on 29 January 2000 at Graduate Studies’ Discussion Group, the Department of International Relations, University of Karachi. 26. ‘Does Democracy Suit us?’ on 18 October 1995 in a discussion series organized by Pakistan American Cultural Center.

Scholarships/Training Programmes/Courses Attended

Workshop on Self Assessment Report , organized by the Quality Enhancement Cell, University of Karachi, Pakistan, held on 7 April, 2012. Peace Workshop, organized by the University for Peace, Costa Rica, in Jordon, July 2-4, 2010. Visiting Fellow (August 3 to 21 2009), International Visitors Leadership Programme, the Department of States’ Education and Cultural Bureau, US. Visiting Research Fellow (September-December 2008), on Charles Wallace Award at the Centre for South Asia Studies, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. Curriculum Development Workshop, organized by the University for Peace, Costa Rica in collaboration with the Gadja Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia held in Yogyakarta, Indonesia from 27 April to 1 May 2008. Faculty Development Programme , organized by the Ministry of Labour, Manpower and Overseas Pakistanis, Government of Pakistan and Department of Special Education, University of Karachi, held in Karachi from 5-17 January 2008. Introduction to Research Methods, organized by the Faculty of Arts, University of Karachi, held in Karachi from 25 June-14 July 2007. The Second Conflict Transformation Workshop, organized by the WISCOMP, held in New Delhi from 2-8 June 2003. The 10 th Global Conference of the Harvard Project for Asian and International Relations entitled ‘Asia and the Knowledge Economy: Opportunities for Progress’, organized by the Harvard University in collaboration with the National University of Singapore, held in Singapore form 27-30 August 2001. The ‘Summer Workshop on Cooperative Security in South Asia’ , organized by the RCSS, held at Godavari Resort, Lalitpur, Nepal from 10-20 September 2000.

151 SHEILA ZULFIQAR AHMED (Lecturer)

E-Mail : [email protected] / [email protected]

Professional Experience

• Lecturer, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, since February 1994. • Earlier worked as Researcher at the Area Study Center For Europe (ASCE), University of Karachi from October 1993 to mid January 1994.

Educational Qualifications

• Matriculation 1981 in 1st Division from Federal Board, Islamabad.. • F.Sc 1983 in 1st Division from Karachi Board. • B.A (Pass) 1986 in 1st Class from University of Karachi. • M.A (International Relations) 1992 in 1st class with 72% marks. • Diploma in Conflict Resolution from Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden on successfully completing the Advanced International Programme April-May 1999 at the University's Department of Peace and Conflict Research.

Doctoral Research

"The European Union's role in the Bosnian War: 1992-1995",

International Research Tours/Visits

She undertook a research tour of Bosnia-Herzegovina, U.K and the Netherlands, in Sep- Nov 1997, and obtained primary source material alongwith conducting related interviews including those of important personalities like the Bosnian Prime Minister Dr Haris Siladzic . This research tour was partly funded by The Muslim Aid International, U.K while most of the expenses were borne personally by Ms. Ahmed. In June 1999 she also visited the European Council and other E.U offices in Brussels, Belgium to gain further source material, for her ongoing Ph.D. research .

Other on going Research Projects /Research Grant

• a book entitled "Antecedents of Hindu Muslim Separatism before the advent of the British", a project that received a rupee 46,000 grant, in April 1997, from the Research Facility Center, Faculty of Arts, University of Karachi. • Co-editing a book comprising papers read at a one day national seminar, organized by her, on "The Nuclear Option And Pakistan's Security Concerns: Did Pakistan Have A Choice?" on 5 th September 1998 .

Participation in National and International Seminars

1) In October 1995 she participated in , The U.N at Fifty an International Seminar held by the Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, at the Pakistan Institute of International Affairs Auditorium Karachi, on the occasion of the U.N's 50th birth anniversary , and read a paper entitled The U.N's Role in The Bosnian Crisis :A Critique .

152 2) On 14 th March 1998 she participated in a Symposium held by the Area Study Center For Europe, University of Karachi, on Europe And Kashmir and presented a paper entitled The European Union and The Kashmir Issue .

3) On 27 th March 1998 participated in an international seminar organized by The Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology(SSUET), Karachi on the occasion of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan's 100 th Death Centenary and presented a paper entitled Pakistan: The Culmination Of The Aligarh Movement ?.

4) She also has to her credit the organization of a national Seminar on 5 th Sep' 1998 entitled "The Nuclear Option And Pakistan's Security Concerns: Did Pakistan Have A Choice?" The proceedings/abstracts of papers read at the seminar were sent to the Ministry of Information and Media Development. Expressing it's appreciation on the quality of the seminar the Ministry invited Ms. Ahmed to a National Seminar on Solidarity with the Kashmiris (held in Islamabad on 4 th of February'99 in connection with Kashmir Day celebrations) where she read a paper on Security Implications Of Kashmir As A Nuclear Flash Point For The Region And The World At Large and earlier in the day also acted as one of the judges in the University Grants Commission (U.G.C) organized Inter-University Declamation Contest on "Kashmir A Nuclear Flashpoint" also held in Islamabad .

5) Ms. Ahmed was also invited by the Bosnian Embassy in Islamabad to a seminar, held on 28 th of March 1999, organized in connection with Bosnia's National Day Celebrations, in collaboration with in collaboration with(monthly) Overseas Pakistanis and she presented a paper entitled The plight of Muslims in Bosnia, Kashmir and Kosovo :Lessons for the Muslim World.

6) On 25 th May 1999 participated in the 1999 Seminar of the Advanced International Programme (held in April–May 1999) at the Dept. of Peace and Conflict Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden and presented her group's research paper "Success and Failure of International Mediation: A Comparative study of Bosnia- Herzegovina, Kashmir and East Timor."

7) Participated in the 5 th International Seminar of the Area Study Center for Europe (ASCE) held on 20-21 October 1999 on Security in Europe and South Asia:

Challenges and Options for the Twenty First Century October 1999 and presented a paper entitled European Responses to Crises In The Balkan .

Areas of Specialization /Interest

Europe, in particular the Balkans and Pakistan Affairs/ Freedom Movement of the Muslims of India are her major fields of specialization and other fields of interest include, Strategic Studies, Conflict Resolution, Theories of International Relations, and historical as well as contemporary interactions/ issues between Islamic and Western civilizations/ societies.

Courses Taught

• History of Freedom Movement of the Muslims of the Sub Continent to B.A (Hon) Second year. • European Studies: Western Europe and Eastern Europe to M.A (Final). • Strategic Studies to M.A (Final). • Current Affairs (Essay Paper) to M.A (Final) • Principles Of International Relations to M.A (Previous) and

B.A (Hon) Third Year.

153 • European Diplomacy to M.A (Previous) and B.A (Hon) Third year. • Introduction to International Relations to B.A (Hon) First year.

Other Lectures

She has delivered lectures in the Current Affairs and Pakistan Affairs Lecture Series on the Bosnian Conflict; Pakistan China Relations in the Post Cold War era; the Two- Nation Theory; Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and his educational, religious and social ideas/services for the upliftment of the Indian- Muslims. (The Current Affairs and Pakistan Affairs Lecture Series are held at the Department of International Relations, from time to time, for students appearing in the C.S.S/Banking Council and other competitive exams).

Research Publications

1. The U.N's Role in The Bosnian Crisis: A Critique , published in April 1998 issue of Pakistan Horizon (Vol. 51:2).

2. Islam and the West: A lesson from Sir Syed Ahmed Khan's Strategy at British Muslim Rapprochement , published in the July 1996 issue of the Journal of European Studies of the Area Study Center For Europe, University of Karachi.

3. The European Union and The Kashmir Issue , Journal of European Studies , Vol.17, No.2, January 2001,

4. Pakistan: The Culmination Of The Aligarh Movement ?, published in Sir Syed Centenary Papers , published in October1999 by Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology (SSUET), Karachi, pp. 128- 135.

5. Success and Failure of International Mediation :A Comparative study of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Kashmir and East Timor , a group study done in April-May 1999 at the Department of Peace and Conflict Research, Uppsala University, being published in the Journal of European Studies Vol. 16, No2.

7 European Responses to Crises In The Balkans, in Security in Europe and South Asia: Challenges and Options for the Twenty First Century , published recently by the Area Study Center For Europe, University of Karachi carrying all the papers read at the 5 th International Seminar of the ASCE held on 20-21 October '99.

List of other publications

1. The Beginning of the End . An article on the 1990 elections in Myanmar (Burma) published in the Monthly Doua'nes Pakistan Customs & Excise Journal in its May 1990 issue.

2. Litmus Test For Indian Secularism ---an article on the Babri Mosque issue, published in the January 1991 issue of Monthly Doua`nes .

3. An interview on the Gulf Crisis of 1990-91 with the then Chairperson Department of International Relations, Professor Shameem Akhter published in the Monthly Doua`nes in its January 1991 issue.

4. A review article of the book Kashmir and South Asian Security published in the Journal of European Studies , Vol. 9&10, July 1993 & January 1994, No.2 &1.

5. An article on Sir Syed Ahmed Khan: His Vision, Strategy and Rationale published in the daily Dawn , Karachi, on 18 th October'1996.

154 6 An Urdu article on Khud Inhisar ---( Self Reliance) published in the Urdu daily Jang on 27 th October'1996.

7 An interview with the Charge' de affairs and then acting Bosnian Ambassador to Pakistan His excellency Mr. Omar Ayanovic, entitled "Politics Of Reconstruction Of Bosnia", published in The News International of 13 th September 1997

8 The above interview of the then Bosnian Ambassador to Pakistan Mr. Omar Ayanovic was also published in the January'97 issue of the Journal of European Studies of the Area Study Center For Europe, University of Karachi.

9 An Urdu article on, Sir Syed Ka Falsafae Taleem Aur Hamari Taleemi Policy ( Sir Syed Ahmad Khan's Educational Philosophy and Our Education Policy) published in the daily Urdu Jang in its 27 th March 1998 issue.

10 Pakistan The Culmination Of The Aligarh Movement? published in The News International in its 27th March 1998 Supplement on Sir Syed Ahmad Khan's 100th Death Centenary.

11 Learn From The Present And Shape The Future , a collection of interviews of cross-section of Pakistani intelligentsia published in The News International in its September 06 th 1998 Defense Day Supplement.

Other Academic Activities

• Compiled and composed the first Newsletter of the Department of International Relations entitled IRNEWS and edited its first issue along with Dr. Moonis Ahmar. • Formulated the course of Environment and International Relations , which was introduced in the Department of International Relations for the first time in January 1998.

Organizational Works

• In the year 1994 organized the entire students week of the Department, single handedly, including a debating contest, a talent show, a fun fair and a Departmental photo session. • Organized a Lecture Series on Pakistan Affairs held in August 1996 at the Department of International Relations along with its certificate giving ceremony. • Organized a one day National Seminar on The Nuclear Option And Pakistan's Security Concerns: Did Pakistan Have A Choice? on 5 th September 1998 In the true spirit of self reliance this seminar was partly funded by Professor Talat.A.Wizarat, the then Chairperson of the Department of International Relations while the rest of the expenses were borne personally by Ms. Ahmed.

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SURVEY’S RESULTS

156

Teachers Evaluation

157

Student Course Evaluation Survey

158

Graduating Student Survey

159