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Faveod, Le « No Limit » Le magazine des développeurs 11/12 N°243 2020 23e année Comprendre et coder des apps PWA TypeScript 4.0 ® RichVintage E La librairie standard Python M 04319 - 243 - F: 6,50 - RD IoT : c’est quoi exactement ? 3’:HIKONB=^U[ZUY:?a@m@e@n@a"; Le seul magazine écrit par et pour les développeurs Printed in EU - Imprimé en UE - BELGIQUE 7 € - Canada 9,80 $ CAN - SUISSE 13,10 FS - DOM Surf 7,50 € - TOM 1020 XPF - MAROC 55 DH 001_243.indd 3 20/10/2020 17:13 002_Promo210x285-ProgHS2.qxp_243 21/10/2020 09:15 Page1 100 % nouveautés pour les développeurs Actuellement en Kiosque ! Kiosque - Abonnement - Versions papier & PDF www.programmez.com 003.qxp_243 21/10/2020 09:05 Page3 EDITO SOMMAIRE # 243 Quel langage est-il le plus efficace Brèves —————————————————————— 4 au niveau énergétique ? Agenda ————————————————————— 5 Préserver la planète est une évidence. On pointe souvent du doigt Nutanix ————————————————————— 6 (ah le fameux doigt inquisiteur) : l’informatique, les ———————————————————— 8 technologies… et le développeur ! Eh oui, ami(e) Roadmap développeuse/eur, toi aussi tu es responsable du gâchis Interview : le créateur de GDevelopp ———————— 9 énergétique. Ben quoi ? Tu te croyais à l’abri ? Développer du code exige de l’énergie. Installer une app depuis un VMware Tanzu - partie 2 —————————————— 11 App Store exige encore de l’énergie. Envoyer des mails, regarder YouTube, utiliser des services cloud, tout utilise de l’énergie… DevCon #9———————————————————— 19 Finalement, toute action consomme de l’énergie. Même s’il est Langage Smalltalk - partie 1 ———————————— 20 impossible de réduire à 0 la consommation ou l’émission de pollution, on peut optimiser les usages. Low code / No Code ——————————————— 41 Un article universitaire, Energy Efficiency across Programming Languages, tente de savoir : quel est donc le langage magique qui consomme le moins d’énergie, tout en étant efficace en exécution, en consommation de mémoire et en temps de compilation ? Le Abonnez-vous ———————————————— 42 langage C est considéré comme le plus efficace. Rust, Pascal, C++, avec Go, ne sont pas loin. Java ne s’en sort pas si mal, sauf sur les La boutique ————————————————— 43 besoins mémoires. Les langages compilés sont logiquement en tête. —————————————————— 82 Les langages interprétés sont souvent à la traîne, notamment sur les CommitStrip besoins en mémoire et sur les temps d’exécution. Cependant, gardons à l’esprit que la qualité du code, sa structuration, le respect des bonnes pratiques sont des éléments cruciaux. Pour être efficace (minimisation du processeur, de 100 l’énergie, des réseaux, etc.), l’app doit être très propre. Le langage n’est qu’un élément parmi les multiples couches technologiques. Python : librairie standard ————————————— 57 Mais le développeur, en codant le plus proprement possible, est un TypeScript 4.0 —————————————————— 61 des maillons de l’écoresponsabilité dans les technologies. Nous aurons l’occasion de revenir dessus dans les prochains numéros. 200 Dans ce numéro, nous vous proposons beaucoup de thèmes : retour sur Smalltalk et sa nouvelle implémentation, Pharo, la suite IoT - partie 1 : la théorie —————————————— 65 du dossier Tanzu et la fin sur les algos génétiques. On parlera Python, PWA, Kotlin et Typescript ! PWA ——————————————————————— 70 On reviendra sur un sujet qui cristallise parfois les tensions dans les équipes : les outils low code et no code. Est-ce la mort des Kotlin —————————————————————— 76 développeurs ? Une démocratisation de la technologie auprès du tout public ? Une volonté de redonner à tout le monde le contrôle 300 de la technologie ? Et donc en finir avec cette vision qu’une minorité sait parler aux technologies… Ces outils ne sont pas nouveaux, Les algorithmes génétiques - partie 2 ———————— 78 mais le confinement du printemps et la crise du Covid ont contribué à booster ces outils. Soyons clairs : non ce n’est pas la mort du développeur. Le développeur restera au cœur des applications et de la technologie. Mais les outils low code/no code peuvent répondre à des besoins immédiats et aider des personnes souhaitant produire un site, une app mobile à y parvenir rapidement. Prochain numéro : De nombreux projets métiers n’ont pas besoin de sortir tout l’arsenal technologique (IDE, debug, compilateur, Java ou C#, x PROGRAMMEZ! 244 semaines de développement). Ces outils peuvent démocratiser la technologie avec une approche moins hermétique et sans trop Disponible le 4 janvier 2021 parler de codes. Rendez-vous en page 41 ! RUST de A à Z Bon code ! Utiliser Tensorflow François Tonic - [email protected] Cloud Computing & les développeurs 0 errors 0 warnings programmez.com// 3 004.qxp_243 20/10/2020 17:14 Page4 BRÈVES par la rédaction de Ubisoft et Crytek sur les assistants. Et au vu des chiffres sont disponibles, et le 13 novembre européenne du Privacy Shield qui a dans la panade de vente apparemment décevants de pour les versions iPhone 12 pro Max fini par faire bouger les lignes. La Le groupe Egregor affirme avoir Djingo, on comprend qu’Orange et iPhone 12 mini. Les délais se sont CNIL a demandé un rapatriement des piraté les éditeurs Crytek et Ubisoft, préfère arrêter les frais plutôt que rapidement allongés dès le premier données sur le territoire européen ce qui leur aurait permis de chiffrer d’investir sur un secteur largement jour de précommande… À noter tandis que le Conseil d’État évoque les machines de Crytek et de voler dominé par la concurrence qu’Apple a présenté un nouveau de son côté « un risque théorique » des données sensibles chez Ubisoft et américaine. format d’image : ProRaw. qui plaiderait en ce sens. Le Crytek. Le groupe est spécialisé dans NDLR : la version mini est très gouvernement a donc annoncé qu’un les attaques de type ransomware et le iPhone 12 : sympa. appel d’offres serait relancé afin vol de données. Le groupe virage 5G d’ouvrir la compétition aux cybercriminel menace notamment Réglé comme une horloge, Apple a Health Data hub : fournisseurs français et européens. Ubisoft de diffuser le code source du profité du mois d’octobre pour le feuilleton de la Mieux vaut tard que jamais. jeu Watch Dogs Legion, dont la sortie présenter sa gamme d’iPhone 12. Au rentrée continue est imminente. Pour l’instant, ni l’un total, 4 modèles seront proposés sur Health Data Hub est une plateforme 2,8 milliards ni l’autre n’ont accepté de négocier cette appellation, et les prix gouvernementale lancée fin 2019. d'euros pour les avec les attaquants, ni d’ailleurs de s’échelonneront entre 809 euros pour Elle vise à centraliser sur un même fréquences 5G communiquer au sujet de l’attaque. l’iPhone 12 mini avec 64 Go de dispositif l’ensemble des données de Les enchères pour les fréquences 5G stockage et 1609 euros pour santé générées par les établissements se sont achevées et les quatre Ciao, Djingo l’iPhone 12 Pro Max avec 512 Go de français afin de faciliter le travail des opérateurs français ont déboursé au Djingo, l’enceinte connectée stockage. Cette nouvelle gamme chercheurs. Pour ne pas perdre de total la coquette somme de 2,8 d’Orange, tire sa révérence. emporte comme chaque fois son lot temps avec le lancement du projet, le milliards d’euros pour s’offrir les Commercialisé depuis quelques mois de nouveautés matérielles et gouvernement s’est tourné vers le bandes de fréquences réservées à la et faisant les frais d’un lancement logicielles, ainsi que le support des cloud Azure de Microsoft pour nouvelle évolution du protocole. chaotique, le projet sera donc mis au réseaux 5G qui commenceront à être l’héberger. Quelques voix soucieuses Orange s’est arrogé la part du lion en rebut. L’opérateur a décidé de se massivement déployés dans le des questions de souveraineté avaient se réservant quatre blocs de concentrer sur ses priorités plutôt que courant de l’année prochaine. Les trouvé à y redire, mais c’est fréquences, suivi de trois blocs pour d’aller chercher Amazon ou Google modèles iPhone 12 et iPhone 12 pro finalement l’invalidation par la justice SFR et deux pour Free et Bouygues. Et le gouvernement, qui espérait obtenir 2,17 milliards d’euros sur Dernière minute cette vente aux enchères, se réjouit SpaceX va-t-il devenir un pouvez voir des séries quotidiennes en avance, voir le de la bonne affaire. transporteur d’armes dans replay des chaînes et des chaines en direct… + un l’espace ? catalogue de séries et de films français et des GPT3 cède sa exclusivités et du contenu international. Mais le licence à Microsoft service est avant tout franco-français. SALTO veut GPT3, c’est le moteur de génération trouver sa place en France mais la concurrence est de texte par machine learning si déjà très vive et les géants comme Netflix, Disney+ et puissante que ses auteurs avaient Amazon Prime Video sont déjà bien installés, avec un dans un premier temps indiqué qu’ils contenu largement supérieur. préféraient le garder pour eux afin SALTO nécessite un abonnement : 6,99 € pour un d’éviter qu’il ne tombe entre de seul écran. Disney+ est beaucoup plus intéressant. mauvaises mains. Mais le groupe Les tarifs du service s’alignent plus sur Netflix. SALTO OpenAI, qui coordonne le n’est pas disponible sur les box mais uniquement sur développement de GPT3, a les TV connectées et les apps mobiles ainsi que le site finalement adouci sa position et a Les Etats-Unis cherchent-ils un transport rapide pour web. C’est une erreur stratégique de ne pas être annoncé avoir accordé à Microsoft la pouvoir envoyer dans l’espace des armes et munitions présent dès le démarrage sur les box et les boîtiers de licence exclusive, qui pourra donc si nécessaires ? SpaceX ne serait pas opposé à type FireStick.
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