DOCSLIB.ORG

Orographic Cyclogenesis Learning Objectives Outline Climatological Context Global Topography January Climo (1981–2010)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Orographic Cyclogenesis Learning Objectives Outline Climatological Context Global Topography January Climo (1981–2010) 1/10/18 Orographic Cyclogenesis Learning Objectives and the Influence of Mountains on Extratropical Cyclones • After this lecture, students will – Recognize and understand how mountains affect the climatology and life-cycle of extratropical cyclones – Be able to diagnose past, current, and future cyclone evolution in areas of complex terrain EUMETSAT Jim Steenburgh – Have an improved ability to critically evaluate Department of Atmospheric Sciences scientific literature examining orographic cyclogenesis University of Utah [email protected] Outline • Climatological Context • Dynamical Mechanisms • Alberta Cyclogenesis Climatological Context • Alpine Lee Cyclogenesis • Intermountain Cyclogenesis Global Topography January Climo (1981–2010) Greenland Alps Himalaya Australia/NZ Antarctica 250-mb wind speed Data Source: NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis, ESRL 1 1/10/18 January Climo (1981–2010) July climo (1981–2010) 250-mb wind speed and 850-mb transient meridional momentum flux 250-mb wind speed Data Source: NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis, ESRL Data Source: NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis, ESRL July climo (1981–2010) NH Cyclogenesis/Lysis Density Alberta Himalaya Colorado Greenland Intermountain? Alps/Genoa 250-mb wind speed and 850-mb transient meridional momentum flux Hoskins and Hodges (2002), ERA-15 & ECMWF Operational Analyses 1979–2000 (T42 ~300 km) Data Source: NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis, ESRL Annual statistics for “feature-tracked” MSLP cyclones SH Cyclogenesis/Lysis Density January NA Climo Andes Antarctic Peninsula NZ Alps Great Dividing Range Genesis Lysis Hoskins and Hodges (2005), ERA-40 1958–2002 (T159 ~125 km) Zishka and Smith (1980), NOAA monthly cyclone track maps 1950–1977 JJA statistics for ξ850 cyclones 2 1/10/18 July NA Climo Mesoscale Effects Zishka and Smith (1980), NOAA monthly cyclone track maps 1950–1977 Chung et al. (1976), Cyclogenesis Frequency during 1958 Class Discussion Intermountain Cyclones Cyclone Density IC-Genesis ERA Petterssen (1956) Winter Cyclone Frequency Zishka and Smith (1980) Jan Cyclone Events NARR Wernli and Schwierz (2006) Reitan (1974) Apr Cyclone Frequency DJF Cyclone Frequency Are Intermountain cyclones a statistical phantom or artifact of MSLP reduction? How do we explain these disparate results? Jeglum et al. (2010) Seasonality Seasonality Jeglum et al. (2010) Jeglum et al. (2010) 3 1/10/18 Climate Summary • Mountains have a profound influence on storm tracks and cyclone statistics – Frequent lee cyclogenesis Dynamical Mechanisms – Frequent windward cyclolysis – Apparent “discontinuous” or “masked” storm tracks across barriers • Statistics vary depending on reanalysis characteristics (e.g., grid spacing), identification techniques, and season Orography and Cyclones Theoretical Models • Windward column compression contributes to acquisition of • View lee cyclogenesis as the result of the interaction of a synoptic-scale anticyclonic absolute vorticity trough or cyclone with a mountain ridge (e.g., Tibaldi et al. 1990; Bannon 1992) • Leeward column stretching contributes to acquisition of cyclonic • absolute vorticity Observed cyclone evolution results from superposition of – A growing baroclinic wave (a.k.a., the primary baroclinic wave) • These effects are “superimposed” on the large-scale forcing – Secondary topographic eddies produced by the interaction of the primary – Best case for lee cyclogenesis is when mountain-induced column baroclinic wave with the topography stretching occurs in concert with synoptic conditions favorable for cyclogenesis • The primary baroclinic wave would exist and grow even in the absence of • e.g., 500 mb CVA, local maximum in warm advection, condensational heating topography – Almost all cases of lee cyclogenesis are associated with a pre-existing • Secondary eddies alter the structure, growth, and track of the primary synoptic-scale trough or cyclone baroclinic wave Conceptual model QG Cyclone Evolution L L L L L L L L L L Topographic Eddies L L Primary Cyclone Contour intervals normalized by maximum pressure anomaly at each time Superposition of primary cyclone and topographic eddies results in “amoeba-like” movement of cyclone across a mountain ridge Bannon (1992) Bannon (1992) 4 1/10/18 QG Cyclone Evolution Class Discussion Cyclone Track L L L Mountain Profile Growth Rate Topo/NoTopo • Low deflected to northeast as it approaches mountains What happens as a primary cyclone traverses an isolated, • Growth rate slows and becomes negative (mountain is cyclolytic) “Alps-like” zonally oriented barrier? • Lee trough develops as cyclone impinges on mountain • Low appears to lee of mountains, equatorward of its original latitude, and is not Note: Barrier is highest in the middle traceable upstream (discontinuous progression) • Enhanced growth rate to the lee • Low briefly moves southeast before moving northeast Bannon (1992) Eady Model Solution Mechanisms Summary • Orographic cyclone evolution can be viewed as the superposition of a parent cyclone and topographic pressure perturbations generated by its interaction with orography • This superposition results in the “amoeba-like” movement of cyclones across the Rockies • For an isolated barrier like the Alps, growth rate is less strongly influenced, but Orographic Streamfunction Total Streamfunction cyclone structure is distorted • Upstream flow unperturbed • Advantage: the conceptualization can be generalized to a number of different • Pressure dipole is maximized near mountain flow conditions and mountain geometries • Low/high pressure centers split around mountain; poleward center strongest initially, then equatorward center becomes dominant • Caveats • Actual growth rates are much stronger than simulated by QG (Eady-type) models • Theory does not fully account for steep orography, diabatic effects, nonlinearities, etc. Speranza et al. (1985), Buzzi and Speranza (1986) Synoptic Characteristics Alberta Cyclones Tracks Lowest Central MSLP The central MSLP is ≤ 990 mb only 7% of the time Only 28% reach ≤ 992 mb [arbitrary “strong cyclone” threshold (Angel and Isard 1997)] Thomas and Martin (2007) 5 1/10/18 Composite Composite Hr -12 Hr 0 Hr 12 Hr 24 L L L L X X X X Frontal cyclone approaches coast Lee trough and warm anomaly Cessation of downslope flow Northern portion of lee trough Stationary lee trough develops due to amplify & broaden Ongoing deepening due to synoptic forcing moves eastward to cross barrier flow & vortex stretching Cyclogenesis as CVA moves into lee Lee trough broadens in scale as Southern portion remains fixed to Rockies air warmed by descent spreads eastward Palmén and Newton (1969), Thomas and Martin (2007), Steenburgh and Mass (1994) Palmén and Newton (1969), Thomas and Martin (2007), Steenburgh and Mass (1994) Case Study Case Study 0000 UTC 4 March 1986 1800 UTC 4 March 1986 0600 UTC 5 March 1986 1200 UTC 5 March 1986 L L L Confluent frontogenesis intensifies pre-lee-trough Cold-advection overruns lee trough, baroclinic zone that separates descended forming a thermal ridge resembling Pacific air from colder continental air a warm occlusion Resulting frontal structure is “non classical” Steenburgh and Mass (1994) Steenburgh and Mass (1994) European geography Alps Alpine Lee Cyclogenesis Pyrenees Dinaric Alps Gulf of Genoa Apennines Map: Wikipedia Commons 6 1/10/18 European Geography Climatology of the Mediteranean Terrain map courtesy: Ron Smith, Yale Univ. H H L H L L H Zurich Innsbruck Jungfrau (4368 m) Grossglockner (3,798 m) L L Wildspitze (3772 m) Naval European Meteorology and Oceanography Center Geneva Piz Bernina (4049m) Mt. Blanc Mt. Rosa (4634 m) Winter mean SLP (Reiter 1975) (4807 m) Milan Venice Turin • During winter (Jan), Mediterranean SSTs range from 12-20˚C, roughly 2-4˚C warmer than the mean air temperature • Mediterranean represents a time-averaged heat source during the cool season, with 100 km the surrounding region experiencing a temperate climate • Mean low pressure over the Mediterranean with an estimated amplitude of 5 mb Naval European Meteorology and Oceanography Center, Reiter (1975), Buzzi and Speranza (1983) Cyclone Climatology Cyclone Climatology Track Density (all cyclones) Cyclogenesis Pichler and Steinacker (1987) Vorderseiten type Überströmungs type High wind events only • Most are “Alpine Lee Cyclones” are shallow thermal and/or orographic High wind events only lows; • Buzzi and Speranza (1983) claim only 5-6/year develop into deep cyclones • Tibaldi et al. (1990) claim 10-20 moderate to strong events a year • Explosive deepening (e.g., Sanders and Gyakum 1980) is rare (Tibaldi et al. 1990) • Pichler and Steinacker (1987) describe two types of Alpine lee cyclones • Vorderseiten type, associated with southwesterly upper-level flow • Überströmungs type, associated with northwesterly upper-level flow • Both types associated with blocking and distortion of low-level cold front Nissen et al. (2010), ERA-40 (1.25ºx1.25º) MSLP Cyclones Oct–Mar 1957–2002 General Characteristics Classic View: Antecedent Stage • Most events are not purely orographic SFC: 1200 UTC 2 Apr 1973 500 mb: 1200 UTC 2 Apr 1973 • Cyclogenesis occurs occurs when: • An upper-level trough is upstream of the Alps • A low-level frontal system impinges on the Alps Jet? • An upper-level “forcing” (e.g., CVA, coherent tropopause disturbance, left exit region, etc.) moves over the northern Mediterranean • Alpine lee cyclones are typically smaller in scale than traditional midlatitude cyclones SFC 500 mb • Cyclone & upper-level trough/jet streak into central Europe • Can be accompanied by the Mistral (France), Foehn
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Trip Factsheet: Piz Bernina Ski Tour the Piz Bernina Overlooks The
    Trip Factsheet: Piz Bernina Ski Tour The Piz Bernina overlooks the Engardine valley in Switzerland and despite its proximity to the glitzy resort of St. Moritz the ski touring is quiet and unspoiled. It covers some challenging terrain and dramatic scenery with some big days out at altitude for the avid ski tourer. Travel to and from Silvaplana The closest airport is Zurich. Transfer time to Silvaplana by rail is about 4 hours 15 mins. For train timetables and fares please look at www.sbb.ch/en You want to arrange to arrive in Silvaplana by late afternoon on the Saturday. At the end of the week the tour finishes after breakfast on the second Saturday and we recommend that you arrange your return/onward flight for mid/late afternoon to give yourself plenty of time to get to the airport without having to rush! Want to take the train to the resort? No problem – it’s possible to get to St. Moritz by train from the UK using the Eurostar from London St. Pancras to Paris, then the TGV to Basel and onward via regional train. The journey can be done in 1 day. For more information and other useful train travel details look at www.snowcarbon.co.uk Swiss Transfer Ticket - this is a return ticket from the Swiss boarder or one of Switzerland's airports to your destination. The ticket is valid for 1 month, but each journey must be completed in one day and on the most direct route. The transfer ticket cannot be brought in Switzerland you must do it in advance from a sales point like the Switzerland Travel Centre in London.
    [Show full text]
  • 6.Peaks in 5 Days
    6 Peaksin 5 Days Not surprisingly, scaling incredible summits ranks among the most popular activities in the Alps -- including iconic peaks like the Matterhorn, the mystical Wildspitze glacier, or the vertigo-inducing Zugspitze. But if climbing isn’t your thing, you can take a cable car to the tops of these peaceful giants and enjoy the views, sans ice pick. Breathtaking view of the Zugspitze, Germany’s highest peak Germany MUNICH SALZBURG 6 BERCHTESGADEN 4 GARMISCH ZURICH Austria 5 HOHE TAUERN Switzerland 3 ÖTZTAL 2 GSTAAD 1ZERMATT 1Zermatt Picturesque Zermatt lies at the foot of the fabled Matterhorn, one of the world’s iconic mountains. The popular, car-free destination has preserved its original character and offers nearly unlimited possibilities for fun, including skiing, climbing, and hiking, as well as boutique shopping and outdoor ice-skating and curling rinks. STAY EAT DO The Omnia Mountain Lodge At Cervo Mountain Boutique Zermatt cable cars take visitors to claims pride of place on a rock Resort, Alpine-chalet design Europe’s highest mountain station high above Zermatt. merges with a hint of hunting lodge. and the Matterhorn Glacier Paradise. At the Matterhorn’s foot sits the The Cervo-Puro Restaurant boasts Gorner Gorge ranks among the most four-star superior Romantik 14 GaultMillau points. Restaurant breathtaking natural beauties of Hotel Julen, featuring 1818 serves modern Alpine cuisine. Zermatt. spruce-paneled rooms. myswitzerland.com/the-omnia-mountain-lodge myswitzerland.com/hotel-cervo.html myswitzerland.com/zermatt.htm myswitzerland.com/romantik-hotel-julen myswitzerland.com/restaurant-1818 myswitzerland.com/gorner-gorge See Amazing Blacknose Sheep Visit the legendary Blacknose Sheep in the stable of the Julen family every Wednesday.
    [Show full text]
  • 4000 M Peaks of the Alps Normal and Classic Routes
    rock&ice 3 4000 m Peaks of the Alps Normal and classic routes idea Montagna editoria e alpinismo Rock&Ice l 4000m Peaks of the Alps l Contents CONTENTS FIVE • • 51a Normal Route to Punta Giordani 257 WEISSHORN AND MATTERHORN ALPS 175 • 52a Normal Route to the Vincent Pyramid 259 • Preface 5 12 Aiguille Blanche de Peuterey 101 35 Dent d’Hérens 180 • 52b Punta Giordani-Vincent Pyramid 261 • Introduction 6 • 12 North Face Right 102 • 35a Normal Route 181 Traverse • Geogrpahic location 14 13 Gran Pilier d’Angle 108 • 35b Tiefmatten Ridge (West Ridge) 183 53 Schwarzhorn/Corno Nero 265 • Technical notes 16 • 13 South Face and Peuterey Ridge 109 36 Matterhorn 185 54 Ludwigshöhe 265 14 Mont Blanc de Courmayeur 114 • 36a Hörnli Ridge (Hörnligrat) 186 55 Parrotspitze 265 ONE • MASSIF DES ÉCRINS 23 • 14 Eccles Couloir and Peuterey Ridge 115 • 36b Lion Ridge 192 • 53-55 Traverse of the Three Peaks 266 1 Barre des Écrins 26 15-19 Aiguilles du Diable 117 37 Dent Blanche 198 56 Signalkuppe 269 • 1a Normal Route 27 15 L’Isolée 117 • 37 Normal Route via the Wandflue Ridge 199 57 Zumsteinspitze 269 • 1b Coolidge Couloir 30 16 Pointe Carmen 117 38 Bishorn 202 • 56-57 Normal Route to the Signalkuppe 270 2 Dôme de Neige des Écrins 32 17 Pointe Médiane 117 • 38 Normal Route 203 and the Zumsteinspitze • 2 Normal Route 32 18 Pointe Chaubert 117 39 Weisshorn 206 58 Dufourspitze 274 19 Corne du Diable 117 • 39 Normal Route 207 59 Nordend 274 TWO • GRAN PARADISO MASSIF 35 • 15-19 Aiguilles du Diable Traverse 118 40 Ober Gabelhorn 212 • 58a Normal Route to the Dufourspitze
    [Show full text]
  • In Memoriam 115
    IN MEMORIAM 115 • IN MEMORIAM CLAUDE WILSON 1860-1937 THE death of Claude Wilson within a few weeks of attaining his seventy-seventh birthday came as a terrible shock to his many friends. Few of us even knew that he was ill, but in the manner of his passing none can regret that there was no lingering illness. We can but quote his own words in Lord Conway's obituary: 'the best we can wish for those that we love is that they may be spared prolonged and hopeless ill health.' His brain remained clear up to the last twenty-four hours and he suffered no pain. The end occurred on October 31. With Claude Wilson's death an epoch of mountaineering comes to an end. He was of those who made guideless and Alpine history from Montenvers in the early 'nineties, of whom but Collie, Kesteven, Bradby, ~olly and Charles Pasteur still survive. That school, in which Mummery and Morse were perhaps the most prominent examples, was not composed of specialists. Its members had learnt their craft under the best Valais and Oberland guides; they were equally-proficient on rocks or on snow. It mattered little who was acting as leader in the ascent or last man in the descent. They were prepared to turn back if conditions or weather proved unfavourable. They took chances as all mountaineers are forced to do at times­ but no fatal accidents, no unfortunate incidents, marred that great page of Alpine history, a page not confined to Mont Blanc alone but distributed throughout the Western Alps.
    [Show full text]
  • More Diverse My Säntis My Säntis 2021
    english My Säntis More diverse My Säntis 2021 With new worlds of experiences saentisbahn.ch Directions We are the destination of your journey. Mount Säntis is the highest mountain in eastern Switzerland. The Säntis cable car starts out from Schwägalp, which is easy to reach throughout the year without a Swiss motorway toll sticker using well-maintained roads that are kept clear of snow in winter. There is plenty of free parking at the cable car base station (including bus and disabled parking bays). Public transport By train to Urnäsch or Nesslau. Then by post bus straight to the base station. Car / bus Time Distance Zürich-Schwägalp 1.20 h 81 km Chur-Schwägalp 1.20 h 88 km Friedrichshafen-Schwägalp 1.45 h 66 km Lindau-Schwägalp 1.20 h 98 km Konstanz-Schwägalp 1.20 h 61 km Bregenz-Schwägalp 1.15 h 76 km Stuttgart München Singen Ravensburg Meersburg Schaffhausen Friedrichshafen Konstanz Kreuzlingen Lindau Frauenfeld Romanshorn Bregenz Rorschach Altenrhein Wil Zürich Winterthur Gossau St.Margrethen St.Gallen Altstätten Zürich Herisau Appenzell Wattwil Schwägalp Urnäsch Rapperswil Feldkirch Nesslau Wildhaus Amden Buchs Arlberg Ziegelbrücke Sargans For more information, visit Glarus www.saentisbahn.ch and www.sbb.ch Schedule 2021 Keeping an eye on six different countries as well as the time. 19 October 2020 to 17 January 2021* Mon – Sun 08.30 am – 17.00 pm 6 February to 14 May 2021 Mon – Fri 08.30 am – 17.00 pm Sat, Sun 08.00 am – 17.00 pm 15 May to 24 October 2021 Mon – Fri 07.30 am – 18.00 pm Sat, Sun 07.30 am – 18.30 pm 25 October to 31 December 2021 Mon – Sun 08.30 am – 17.00 pm * Cable car closure from Monday, 18 January, to Friday, 5 February 2021.
    [Show full text]
  • EXPEDITION HÖCHSTE BERGE ÖSTERREICHS . Peter-Christian Endler, ÖAV-Sektion Graz
    EXPEDITION HÖCHSTE BERGE ÖSTERREICHS . Peter-Christian Endler, ÖAV-Sektion Graz Alpenverein Graz, Nachrichten 4/2017: A) HÖCHSTE BERGE DER ÖSTERREICHISCHEN BUNDESLÄNDER . https://www.alpenverein.at/graz/service/Downloads/Hoechste-Berge-der-oesterreichischen- Bundeslaender-Eine-Expedition.pdf Höchste Gipfel der Erde zu erklimmen, ist wenigen vorbehalten. Näherliegend – und auch ökologisch günstiger – sind die ‚Summits‘ der österreichischen Bundesländer. Man kann sie alle innerhalb eines Sommers besteigen oder, wie ich, nach zwanzig Jahren Vielwandern feststellen, dass man sie en passant kennengelernt hat. Summits als Ordnungssystem für’s Fotoalbum, sozusagen. Berg Bundesland Ausgangspunkt m. ü. M. 1 Hermannskogel Wien Wien Stadt 542 2 Geschriebenstein Burgenland Lockenhaus 884 3 Klosterwappen NÖ Weichtalhaus 2.076 4 Hoher Dachstein Stmk, OÖ Hallstatt 2.995 5 Großglockner Kärnten, O-Tirol Heiligenblut 3.798 6 Großvenediger Salzburg M. Tauernhaus 3.674 7 Wildspitze N-Tirol Vent 3.768 8 Piz Buin Voralberg Bielerhöhe 3.312 9 Ortler S-Tirol (Italien) Sulda 3.899 Die Zählung der Summits haben wir etwas erweitert, indem wir es für ‚Tirol‘ nicht beim Glockner (der in Osttirol liegt) belassen, sondern die Wildspitze (für Nordtirol) dazu genommen haben – und in nachbarschaftlicher Sympathie den im italienischen Südtirol liegenden Ortler. Als Vorbereitung diente, den Alltag durch konditions- förderndes Laufen aufzulockern, den Kindern die Freude an der Bewegung zu lassen, gerne auf Berge zu gehen. In einer Zeit, in der uns oft Kurzfristigkeiten den langen Atem nehmen, in der wir zuweilen über gehypte Superlative die eigenen Möglichkeiten vergessen, soll dieser ‚Expeditions‘- Bericht Lust machen auf langfristige, spielerische Disziplin erfordernde Projekte. Allen, die an diesen Touren und ihren Vorbereitungen, sowie ‚backstage‘ (z.B.
    [Show full text]
  • From Tavern to Bernina
    FROM . TAUERN TO BERNINA • FROM TAVERN TO BERNINA • BY}. E.MONTGOMREY .. Read before the Alpine Club, March 31, 1936 RANK-AND-FILE member with no particular knowledge or experience who is commanded to render an account of his stewardship in the form of a paper, and one, more­ over, obliged to ransack his small stock of recollections for the necessary material, is grateful when a title is suggested to him, more especially when as in the present case it expresses his own mountaineering faith and experience. For while he received his first inspiration from the Bernina and made his first experiments in climbing in the Bregaglia, he may be said to have commenced his apprenticeship in the Oetztal, to have wandered to the Tauern, to have returned to Bernina for the satisfaction of certain early ambitions, and to have come nearest to the spice of adventure in the Bregaglia. Such being the theme of this paper, some in­ dulgence must be granted if the personal note is struck too often. It is simply an attempt to convey something of what the Alps can give to quite an ordinary person, without the advantages of youthful strength or opportunity, who is obliged to possess his soul in patience and take, when his turn comes, such moderate enjoyments as lie within the measure of his powers. I begin at the age of eight or thereabouts with recollections yet retaining an extraordinary vividness and which still stan·d the test of repetition, of the Engadine and Pontresina in particular, of the thrills of glacier picnics and, above all, of the triumph of a day on Piz Languard.
    [Show full text]
  • Il Bernina 34
    il Bernina 34. Jahrgang Nr. 133 / Februar 2017 Noviteds dal club www.sac-bernina.ch Chamanna Boval Chamanna Es-cha Chamanna Jenatsch Chamanna Tschierva Rifugio Saoseo Reach your Mountopia with dynafit.com Via Maistra 147, 7504 Pontresina [email protected] /SalewaMountainshopPontresina Öffnungszeiten: Mo – Fr: 08.30 - 12.00 | 14.00 - 18.30 Uhr Sa: 08.30 - 18.00 Uhr Inhaltsverzeichnis Voranzeige zur Jahresversammlung 5 Gratulationen / Mutationen 5/7 News-Ecke Neues aus der Tourenkommission 9 Tourenberichte Kletterwochenende Valsassina / Zucco dell'Angelone 14 Ausbildungswochenende Lawinen 16 Piz Minor – eine Tour zum Jahresende 19 Piz dal Sasc – Komfort-Tour der Superlative direkt 22 Munt Buffalora – Seniorentour 24 Hütten-Ecke Michel Anrig – neuer Hüttenwart Chamanna d'Es-cha 29 Rück- und Ausblicke 2016/17 31 JO-Ecke Jahresprogramm 2017 35 Neulich auf dem Parpeinahorn, 29.01.2017: v.l. Susi, Ruedi und Othmar Reach your Mountopia with dynafit.com Via Maistra 147, 7504 Pontresina [email protected] /SalewaMountainshopPontresina Öffnungszeiten: Mo – Fr: 08.30 - 12.00 | 14.00 - 18.30 Uhr Sa: 08.30 - 18.00 Uhr 3 Bouldern Klettern Bowling Lounge Pizzeria Der Bergsportspezialist in Pontresina Die Kletter- & Boulderhalle im Engadin Via Maistra 163 & 167 • 7504 Pontresina • 081 834 57 58 Serlas 413 • 7525 S-chanf • 081 659 00 01 Ihr kompetenter Partner Sanitäre Anlagen Bauspenglerei Bedachungen Blitzschutzanlagen Werkleitungen Semadeni Fabio Fassadenbau Einbauküchen www.duttweiler-ag.ch Food & Beverage AG 7603 Vicosoprano Tel. +41 (0)81 822 11 83 Fax +41 (0)81 822 18 25 F. Duttweiler AG · 7503 Samedan T 081 851 07 50 · [email protected] [email protected] semadeni_inserat_bernina 56x86.i1 1 7.3.2016 9:34:43 Uhr 4 Voranzeige Jahresversammlung Freitag, 28.
    [Show full text]
  • The Alps 2008
    Area Notes 181. Simon Pierse, Ciarforon from Rifugio Vittorio Emanuele II, 2006, watercolour, 42 x 59cm 245 Area Notes COMPILED AND EDITED BY PAUL KNOTT Alps 2008 Lindsay Griffin Greenland 2008 Derek Fordham Scottish Winter 2008-2009 Simon Richardson Morocco 2005-9 Mike Mortimer India 2008 Harish Kapadia Nepal 2008 Dick Isherwood Pakistan 2007 Lindsay Griffin and Dick Isherwood China and Tibet John Town New Zealand 2008-9 Kester Brown Cordillera Blanca Antonio Gómez Bohórquez Argentine Andes 2008 Marcelo Scanu 246 LINDSAY GRIFFIN The Alps 2008 This selection of ascents in 2008 could not have been written without the help of Jonathan Griffith, Andrej Grmovsek, Tomaz Jakofcic, Rolando Larcher, Tony Penning, Claude Rémy, Hilary Sharp, Luca Signorelli and Ueli Steck. tarting in late June, Diego Giovannini and Franco ‘Franz’ Nicolini took S60 days to complete the first non-mechanised link-up of all 82 Alpine 4000m summits that appear on the UIAA’s official list. The pair opted to track from west to east, ending with Piz Bernina. Until the early 1990s there was no definitive list; some opting for as low as 52 (the number of completely separate mountains), others adding more, with alpine specialist Richard Goedecke listing a staggering 150 individual tops and bumps. At the end of 1993, in an attempt to put an end to the debate, a joint UIAA and Italian Alpine Club committee came up with an ‘official’ list of 82, which they hoped would be used as the benchmark for future attempts. This list came too late for Simon Jenkins and Martin Moran, who in the same year made the first non-mechanised traverse of 74 summits from the Piz Bernina to the Barre des Ecrins.
    [Show full text]
  • Topographic Evolution of the Eastern Alps: the Influence of Strike-Slip Faulting Activity
    Topographic evolution of the Eastern Alps: The influence of strike-slip faulting activity Thorsten Bartosch1, Kurt Stüwe1, and Jörg Robl2 1INSTITUTE OF EARTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF GRAZ, 8010 GRAZ, HEINRICHSTRASSE 26, AUSTRIA 2INSTITUTE OF GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF SALZBURG, 5020 SALZBURG, HELLBRUNNERSTRASSE 34, AUSTRIA ABSTRACT We present the results of a numerical model that was used to investigate aspects of the landscape evolution of the Eastern European Alps in the Miocene. The model allows the consideration of strike-slip faulting, an inherent feature of the Miocene tectonics in the Eastern Alps, within a viscous medium. Mechanical deformation of this medium is coupled with a landscape evolution model to describe surface processes. For the input variables, the activity history of strike-slip faulting in the Eastern Alps was compiled from literature sources. The results pres- ent a major improvement in the predicted topographic development over earlier models in terms of the location and build-up of valleys and mountain ranges that form in response to the strike-slip faulting activity. Intramontane basin formation is predicted and the metamorphic dome of the Tauern Window evolves dynamically in the simulations, related to well-known east-west–striking strike-slip faults in the region. It is interesting that the metamorphic dome formation is predicted by the model without explicit consideration of the low-angle detachments bounding the dome in the west and east, suggesting that metamorphic domes can form in transpressional or strike-slip environments. The model underpredicts the mean elevation of the Eastern Alps by several hundreds of meters, which is interpreted in terms of an independent non-convergence-related event of the past 5 m.y.
    [Show full text]
  • One Hundred Years Ago
    CA RUSSELL One Hundred Years Ago (with extracts from the Alpine Journal) (Plates 78-82) "'rruly wonderful has been the weather during the past month. 1 Nights of more or less severe frosts have been continuously succeeded by days in which the sun has shone with almost tropi­ cal power in a cloudless blue sky. The only cause for complaint is the want of snow. One foot and a half would probably represent the total fall during the whole ofthe winter up to the present. The extraordinary absence ofsnow this winter has tempted many people to make mountain ascents, and in some cases these are as easily accomplished as in summer. The weather experienced throughout the Alps at the beginning of 1896 was so favourable that during the first week of January alone three of the great peaks - the Eiger, the Finsteraarhorn and Piz Bernina - were climbed by guided parties, each summit being reached for only the second time under winter conditions. In the Bregaglia group on 16 February Mrs Elizabeth Main,l accompanied by the guides Martin Schocher and Christian Schnitzler, completed a long and tiring expedition from the Forno hut to make the first winter ascent of Monte della Disgrazia. During the same month two high peaks in the neighbouring Bernina Alps were climbed for the first time in winter: Crast' Agiizza on 6 February by Mrs Main with Schocher and Schnitzler; and Piz Zupo on 19 February by the same party with the addition of Anthony Dod. 2 The favourable conditions were enjoyed as far south as the Maritime Alps where, again, two high peaks were climbed for the first time during the winter season: Cime du Gelas on 11 February and Cima di Nasta on 18 February, both ascents being made by parties which included Victor de Cessole and the guide Jean Plent.
    [Show full text]
  • Peaks & Glaciers 2018
    JOHN MITCHELL FINE PAINTINGS EST 1931 Willy Burger Florentin Charnaux E.T. Compton 18, 19 9, 32 33 Charles-Henri Contencin Jacques Fourcy Arthur Gardner 6, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 38, 47 16 11, 25 Toni Haller Carl Kessler Gabriel Loppé 8 20 21, 22, 24, 28, 30, 46 All paintings, drawings and photographs are for sale unless otherwise stated and are available for viewing from Monday to Friday by prior appointment at: John Mitchell Fine Paintings 17 Avery Row Brook Street London W1K 4BF Otto Mähly Carl Moos Leonardo Roda 36 34 37 Catalogue compiled by William Mitchell Please contact William Mitchell on 020 7493 7567 [email protected] www.johnmitchell.net Vittorio Sella Georges Tairraz II Bruno Wehrli 26 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 17 2 I am very pleased to be sending out this catalogue to accompany our One of the more frequent questions asked by visitors to these exhibitions in the gallery 3 is where do all these pictures come from? The short answer is: predominantly from the annual selling exhibition of paintings, drawings and vintage photographs countries in Europe that boast a good portion of the Alps within their borders, namely of the Alps. Although this now represents our seventeenth winter of France, Switzerland, Austria and Germany. Peaks & Glaciers , as always, my sincere hope is that it will bring readers When measured on a world scale, the European Alps occupy the 38th position in the same pleasure that this author derives from sourcing and identifying geographical size, and yet they receive over one and a half million visitors annually.
    [Show full text]