DOCSLIB.ORG

7.5 X 11.5.Doubleline.P65

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
7.5 X 11.5.Doubleline.P65 Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-80739-5 - Introduction to Fungi, Third Edition John Webster and Roland Weber Index More information Index Page numbers with images are underlined, those with explanations of concepts are printed in bold. ABC transporters 280, 383, 439 Aegeritina tortuosa (teleom. alder, leaf blister 251 Absidia 183 Subulicystidium longisporum) 697 Aleuria 417–419 Absidia corymbifera 184 aequi-hymenial gills 522 Aleuria aurantia 243, 419, Pl. 6; Absidia glauca 172, 176, 185 aero-aquatic fungi 506, 696–701; mycorrhiza 419 Absidia spinosa 173, 176, 184 anamorph-teleomorph connections aleuriaxanthin 419 Acaulospora 221 697; ecophysiology 698–701 algal parasites 127 acervulus 231, 387 aethalium 50, Pl. 1 alkaloids 354, 364, 539, 541; Achlya 86–91; aplanetic forms 93; aflatoxins 304, 305, Pl. 4 biosynthesis 354; commercial asexual reproduction 87, 88; Agaricus 532–536 production 354; see Claviceps hyphae 80; relative sexuality 91; Agaricus arvensis 532 purpurea, Neotyphodium sex hormones 88–89, 90, 91; sexual Agaricus bisporus 15, 533; breeding allergens; see asthma reproduction 88–91 536; cultivation 525, 532–534; allyl amines 279, 280 Achlya ambisexualis 88, 89, 91 life cycle 535; mating system 506, Allomyces 155–160; Brachy-Allomyces 160; Achlya bisexualis 88 535; morphogenesis 534–535; var. Cystogenes 159; Eu-Allomyces 156; life Achlya colorata 69, 87–88 burnettii 536; var. eurotetrasporus 536 cycle 158; polyploidy 159; Achlya heterosexualis 88 Agaricus bitorquis 532 sex hormones (parisin and sirenin) Achlya klebsiana 87 Agaricus brunnescens; see Agaricus 156 Acrasiomycetes (acrasid cellular bisporus Allomyces anomalus 155, 160 slime moulds) 40–41 Agaricus campestris 496, 521, 532; Allomyces arbuscula 155, 157 Acrasis rosea 41 mating system 506 Allomyces macrogynus 155, 158 Acremonium 316, 339, 341 Agaricus macrosporus 532 Allomyces moniliformis 155, 159 Acremonium chrysogenum 303, 349 Agaricus silvaticus 515, 532 Allomyces neo-moniliformis 159 Acremonium salmosynnematum 349 Agaricus tabularis 532 Alternaria 469–471; plant diseases 472; actin cap 9 Agaricus xanthodermus 532 sexual ancestors 469 actin filaments 9, 10, 51, 65–66, 158, age of fungi; see evolution Alternaria alternata 470 258, 271, 646; in ascospore ageing 271 Alternaria brassicae 469, 471 formation 323; in graviperception agglutination 254, 265 Alternaria brassicicola 469 549; in penetration peg 381 aggregation; see Dictyostelium Alternaria solani 469 actin-myosin 46, 51, 72; see also discoideum Alternaria tenuissima 469 cytoskeleton Agrobacterium transformation 536 alternate host 610 actin ring 259, 271, 301 agroclavine 354 alternation of generations 155, adaxial blob (drop) 493–494, 496 AIDS 279, 306–307, 661–662, 664 160, 229 adhesins 277 air pollution monitoring, lichens 454; alveoli 427 adhesion pad 615 Rhytisma 442; Sporobolomyces roseus Amanita 540–541; poisoning 540 adhesives 66, 205, 364, 378, 381, 395, 669 Amanita caesarea 540, Pl. 9 438; in nematophagous fungi 683 Ajellomyces 290 Amanita fulva 540 adhesorium 59 Ajellomyces capsulatus 289; Amanita muscaria 526, 540–541, Pl. 9 adnate gills 523 see Histoplasma capsulatum Amanita pantherina 540 adnexed gills 523 Ajellomyces dermatitidis; Amanita phalloides 540–541; poisoning adult plant resistance; see host see Blastomyces dermatitidis 540 resistance Alatospora acuminata 685, 687 Amanita rubescens 521, 540; trama 524 aeciospore 613, Pl. 12 Albugo 122–125 Amanita vaginata 492, 540 aecium 612, 613, 622, Pl. 12; caeoma Albugo bliti 124 Amanita verna 540 635; roestelioid aecium 632 Albugo candida 122, 123, 124–125, Pl. 2; Amanita virosa 540 Aegerita 701 haustorium 122; oospore 124 a-amanitin 539, 540 Aegerita candida (teleom. Bulbillomyces Albugo tragopogonis 122, 125 Amanitopsis 540 farinosus) 506, 697, 699 alcohol and fungi; see coprine Amauroascus 290 Aegeritina 701 alcoholic fermentation 254, 262 Amauroderma rugosum 518 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-80739-5 - Introduction to Fungi, Third Edition John Webster and Roland Weber Index More information 818 INDE X amerospore 23 apical paraphysis; see paraphysis Armillaria ostoyae 550 2-aminopyrimidine-type fungicides Apiocrea chrysosperma; see Sepedonium Armillaria tabescens 550 410 chrysospermum Arrhenosphaera 286 amixis 176 aplanetism 92 Arthrobotrys 676; induction of ammonia, as signal molecule 42 Aplanopsis 93 nematode traps 682 amoebae 40, 41, 42, 49, 55; ‘social aplanospore 2, 15, 24, 64, 165–214, Arthrobotrys eudermata 677, 684; amoebae’ 44, 46 216–223, 224, 225 chlamydospores 684 amoeboid plasmodium 55, 60 apomixis 85, 160 Arthrobotrys oligospora 676, 678 Ampelomyces quisqualis 412 apophysis 46; of basidiospore 490 Arthrobotrys robusta 678 amphigynous fertilization 109 apoptosis in fungi 534 arthroconidium 281, 421, 422, 502, amphithallism 506, 535, 538 apothecium 245, 246, Pl. 6, Pl. 7; 599, 600 amphotericin B 260, 279, 291, cleistohymenial 422; Arthroderma 293 306–307, 663 gymnohymenial 422; Articulospora tetracladia (teleom. amylase 282 hemiangiocarpic 439 Hymenoscyphus tetracladius) 685, 687, amyloid staining 28, 241; of ascus tip apple, brown rot 306, 432, 433, 537; 688 334; of ascus wall 414, 419; of canker 343; cedar-apple rust 632; Ascobolus 419–423; ascus development basidiospore 566 powdery mildew 390, 405; scab 478, 238; mating behaviour 420–421 Amylostereum 571 479; spur canker 432 Ascobolus carbonarius 420 Anaeromyces 151 appressorium, in Blumeria 396; Ascobolus crenulatus 420; and hyphal anamorph 32,38 in Botrytis 438; in Colletotrichum 388; interference 540 anamorph-teleomorph relationships in Magnaporthe 378–381; in Ascobolus furfuraceus 420, 422, Pl. 6; 32, 38, 299; see aero-aquatic fungi, Metarhizium 364; in Piptocephalis 202; apothecium development 422; aquatic hyphomycetes, Cordyceps, in Pythium, Phytophthora 100; in hormonal control 421; mating 421 Epichloe, nematophagous fungi Tapesia 440; in Uromyces 615, 616 Ascobolus immersus 420, 421; ascospore Anaptychia ciliaris 448 Aqualinderella fermentans 79 wall 237; gene recombination 423; anastomosis 3, 227, 377, 625 aquatic fungi 577; see aero-aquatic mating 421; turgor pressure in anastomosis groups 594 fungi, aquatic hyphomycetes ascus 242 andromorph 32 aquatic hyphomycetes 685, 686–696; Ascobolus scatigenus, mating 420 anaerobic fungi 79, 150 adaptations to aquatic habitat 694; Ascobolus stictoideus 422 angiocarpic hymenophore 520, 521, anamorph-teleomorph connections ascocarps (ascomata) 21, 245, 246; 522–525 686; branched clamped conidia see epigeous, hypogeous Anguillospora crassa (teleom. Mollisia 688–689; ecophysiology 694–696; Ascochyta (teleom. Didymella) 464 uda) 685, 690 foam 685, 694; invertebrate feeding Ascochyta fabae 464 Anguillospora furtiva (teleom. Pezoloma) 695–696; sigmoid spores 686, Ascochyta pisi 464, 465 690 689–691, 694; spore concentrations Ascochyta rabiei 464 Anguillospora longissima (teleom. 695; tetraradiate conidia 686, Ascocoryne 444 Massarina) 689, 692 687–688, 693 ascogenous hypha 236, 296, 307, 309, anisokont zoospore 24, 55, 64 Arabidopsis thaliana 62, 118, 122 318, 418 annellide 233, 234, 368 arboriform hypha 518 ascogonium 296, 307, 309, 318, 416 annulus 520, 533 arbuscule (of VAM) 218, 220, 221 ascohymenial development 315, 459 anther smut 652 archaeology 479, 610 ascolocular development 455, 459 antheridiol 88, 89, 90–91 Archiascomycetes 250–260, Pl. 4 ascomycetes, classification 247–249; antheridium in Oomycota 29, 77, 85, Arcyria denudata 51, Pl. 1 phylogeny 248; significance 246–247 89, 101; monoclinous and diclinous Armillaria 549–550; orchid mycorrhiza ascorbic acid; see vitamin C 85, 101; in Ascomycota 296, 307, 416 598; rhizomorphs 16, 17, 550 Ascosphaera 286–287 anthracnose 388, 389 Armillaria bulbosa 511, 550 Ascosphaera apis 288, 289 antifreeze proteins 537 Armillaria cepistipes 550 Ascosphaerales 286–289 antioxidants 482, 670 Armillaria lutea 550 ascospore 25–26; alignment in ascus Aphanomyces 94–95 Armillaria luteobubalina 550 323–324; appendages 238, 322; Aphanomyces astaci 79, 94 Armillaria mellea 547, 549; cleavage 237, 267, 422; discharge Aphanomyces euteiches 79, 94 dikaryotization (Buller 242–245, 318; eclosion 336, 338; Aphanomyces patersonii 94 phenomenon) 510; orchid multi-spored projectiles 318, 420; aphanoplasmodium 48 mycorrhiza 550; unusual life cycle puffing 243, 415, 427, 442; tendrils apical apparatus; see ascus 507 245; wall layers 321, 333 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-80739-5 - Introduction to Fungi, Third Edition John Webster and Roland Weber Index More information INDEX 819 ascospore-delimiting membrane Aureobasidium pullulans 231, 261, phylogeny 37, 166, 203; sexual (ascus vesicle) 237, 238, 422 484–485, 486, 668 reproduction 207, 209 ascospore wall 237–239 Auricularia auricula-judae 208, 493, 504, basidiocarps (basidiomata) 22, ascosporogenous yeast 265 601, 602, Pl. 11; basidiospore 517–523; development 519–522, ascostroma 246, 459 germination 601; basidium 489, 602; 534–535, 545 ascus apical apparatus 241, 242, 335, dolipore septum 499; life cycle 603 basidiomycete yeasts 658, 659, 349, 358, 375; annulus 241; Auricularia mesenterica 602 660–672; ecology 658–659; bilabiate 241; operculate versus Auricularia polytricha, cultivation 602 isolation 658; phylogeny 660, 661; inoperculate 241 Auriculariales 601–604; basidial versus ascomycete yeasts 659; ascus development 236, 237 septation 601; lunate microconidia see Heterobasidiomycetes, ascus vesicle; see ascospore-delimiting 601,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Origin and Distribution of Phytophthora Cinnamomi
    THE ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPHTHORA CINNAMOMI RANDS IN AUSTRALIAN NATIVE PLANT COMMUNITIES AND THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ITS ASSOCIATION WITH PARTICULAR PLANT SPECIES By B. H. PRATT* and W. A. HEATHER* [Manuscript received 23 October 1972] Abstract The origin, distribution, and disease association of P. cinnamomi in native plant communities in Australia has been examined. The fungus was isolated from the root zones of 31 plant genera in 16 families and is widespread throughout eastern and southern Australia and south-western Western Australia. Although the fungus is associated with disease in native plant communities it is also present in apparently non-diseased communities. Disease occurs usually only in environments disturbed by man, probably as a result of increase in population or activity of pre-existing fungal populations. The widespread distribution of P. cinnamomi in native vegetation in Australia, its occurrence in remote, undisturbed areas, and the apparent balance it has achieved with plant species of differing susceptibility to disease in some natural, undisturbed areas suggests that the fungus is likely to be indigenous to eastern Australia. Further, it may be partly responsible for the localized distribution of some plant species. I. INTRODUCTION The soil-borne fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands is widely distributed in Australia, in horticultural plantings (Zentmyer and Thorn 1967; Pratt and Wrigley 1970; as well as personal communications from the New South Wales Department of Agriculture, Tasmanian Department of Agriculture, Victorian Department of Agriculture, and the Queensland Department of Primary Industries), and in conifer nurseries and plantings (Oxenham and Winks 1963; Bertus 1968; and personal communications from the New South Wales Forestry Commission, and the Queens­ land Department of Forestry).
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity
    Biodiversity KEY5 FACTS as hunting), as pasture grasses or as aquarium species Introduced (in the case of some marine species). They have also • Introduced species are been introduced accidentally, such as in shipments of recognised as a leading Species imported grain or in ballast water. cause of biodiversity loss Introduced plants, or weeds, can invade and world-wide. compete with native plant species for space, light, Trends water and nutrients and because of their rapid growth rates they can quickly smother native vegetation. • Rabbit numbers: a DECLINE since Similarly to weeds, many introduced animals compete introduction of Rabbit Haemorrhagic with and predate on native animals and impact on Disease (RHD, also known as calicivirus) native vegetation. They have high reproductive rates although the extent of the decline varies and can tolerate a wide range of habitats. As a result across the State. they often establish populations very quickly. •Fox numbers: DOWN in high priority Weeds can provide shelter for pest animals, conservation areas due to large-scale although they can provide food for or become habitat baiting programs; STILL A PROBLEM in for native animals. Blackberry, for example, is an ideal other parts of the State. habitat for the threatened Southern Brown Bandicoot. This illustrates the complexity of issues associated •Feral camel and deer numbers: UP. with pest control and highlights the need for control •Feral goat numbers: DECLINING across measures to have considered specific conservation Weed affected land – Mount Lofty Ranges the State. outcomes to be undertaken over time and to be Photo: Kym Nicolson •Feral pig numbers: UNKNOWN.
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Check List and Host Index Arizona Wood
    Annotated Check List and Host Index for Arizona Wood-Rotting Fungi Item Type text; Book Authors Gilbertson, R. L.; Martin, K. J.; Lindsey, J. P. Publisher College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ) Rights Copyright © Arizona Board of Regents. The University of Arizona. Download date 28/09/2021 02:18:59 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/602154 Annotated Check List and Host Index for Arizona Wood - Rotting Fungi Technical Bulletin 209 Agricultural Experiment Station The University of Arizona Tucson AÏfJ\fOTA TED CHECK LI5T aid HOST INDEX ford ARIZONA WOOD- ROTTlNg FUNGI /. L. GILßERTSON K.T IyIARTiN Z J. P, LINDSEY3 PRDFE550I of PLANT PATHOLOgY 2GRADUATE ASSISTANT in I?ESEARCI-4 36FZADAATE A5 S /STANT'" TEACHING Z z l'9 FR5 1974- INTRODUCTION flora similar to that of the Gulf Coast and the southeastern United States is found. Here the major tree species include hardwoods such as Arizona is characterized by a wide variety of Arizona sycamore, Arizona black walnut, oaks, ecological zones from Sonoran Desert to alpine velvet ash, Fremont cottonwood, willows, and tundra. This environmental diversity has resulted mesquite. Some conifers, including Chihuahua pine, in a rich flora of woody plants in the state. De- Apache pine, pinyons, junipers, and Arizona cypress tailed accounts of the vegetation of Arizona have also occur in association with these hardwoods. appeared in a number of publications, including Arizona fungi typical of the southeastern flora those of Benson and Darrow (1954), Nichol (1952), include Fomitopsis ulmaria, Donkia pulcherrima, Kearney and Peebles (1969), Shreve and Wiggins Tyromyces palustris, Lopharia crassa, Inonotus (1964), Lowe (1972), and Hastings et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Fungal Communities in Archives: Assessment Strategies and Impact on Paper Con- Servation and Human Health Fungal
    Ana Catarina Martiniano da Silva Pinheiro Licenciada em Conservação e Restauro pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa Licenciada em Ciências Farmacêuticas pela Universidade de Lisboa [Nome completo do autor] [Nome completo do autor] [Habilitações Académicas] Fungal Communities in Archives: Assessment Strategies and Impact on Paper [Nome completo do autor] [Habilitações Académicas] Conservation and Human Health Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em [Habilitações Académicas] Ciências[Nome da completoConservação do autor] pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia [NomeDissertação complet parao obtençãodo autor] do[Habilitações Grau de Mestre Académicas] em [Engenharia Informática] Orient ador: Doutora Filomena Macedo Dinis, Professor Auxiliar com Nomeação De- finitiva, DCR, FCT-UNL Co-orientadores:[Nome completo Doutora doLaura autor] Rosado, [Habilitações Instituto Nacional Académicas] de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge I.P. Doutora Valme Jurado, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC [Nome completo do autor] [Habilitações Académicas] Júri Presidente Prof. Doutor Fernando Pina Arguentes Doutor António Manuel Santos Carriço Portugal, Professor Auxiliar Doutor Alan Phillips, Investigador Vogais Doutora Maria Inês Durão de Carvalho Cordeiro, Directora da Biblioteca Nacional Doutora Susana Marta Lopes Almeida, Investigadora Auxiliar iii October, 2014 Fungal Communities in Archives: Assessment Strategies and Impact on Paper Con- servation and Human Health Fungal Copyright © Ana Catarina Martiniano da Silva
    [Show full text]
  • Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides
    ผลของการใชส้ ารสกดั จากพืชสมุนไพรและน้า มนั หอมระเหยบริสุทธ์ิร่วมกบั ยสี ตป์ ฏิปักษ์ Issatchenkia orientalis VCU24 ในการควบคุมโรคแอนแทรคโนสในมะมว่ งพนั ธุ์น้า ดอกไม ้ PHOUTTHAPHONE XAYAVONGSA วทิ ยานิพนธ์น้ีเป็นส่วนหน่ึงของการศึกษาตามหลกั สูตรวทิ ยาศาสตรมหาบณั ฑิต สาขาวิชาวิทยาศาสตร์ชีวภาพ คณะวิทยาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยบูรพา สิงหาคม 2560 ลิขสิทธ์ิเป็นของมหาวทิ ยาลยั บูรพา กิตติกรรมประกาศ วทิ ยานิพนธ์ฉบบั น้ีสา เร็จไปได ้ ดว้ ยความกรุณาและเมตตาเป็นอยา่ งสูงจากทา่ นอาจารย์ ผชู้ ่วยศาสตราจารย ์ ดร.อนุเทพ ภาสุระ กรรมการที่ปรึกษาวิทยานิพนธ์ ที่ใหค้ า ปรึกษา ขอ้ ช้ีแนะที่ เป็นประโยชน์ต่อการทา งานวจิ ยั เรื่อยมา ตลอดจนการดูแลความกา้ วหนา้ ของการดา เนินงานตา่ ง ๆ และใหค้ วามช่วยเหลือในการแกไ้ ขขอ้ บกพร่องในวทิ ยานิพนธ์ของขา้ พเจา้ จนกระทง่ั ลุล่วงไปได้ ดว้ ยดี ขา้ พเจา้ มีความรู้สึกซาบซ้ึงในความเมตตากรุณาและความทุม่ เทของอาจารย ์ จึงขอกราบ ขอบพระคุณอาจารยเ์ ป็นอยา่ งสูงไว ้ณ ที่น้ี ข้าพเจ้าขอกราบขอบพระคุณผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย ์ ดร.ธิดา เดชฮวบ ประธานกรรรมการ วิทยานิพนธ์ ผชู้ ่วยศาสตราจารย ์ ดร.อภิรดี ปิลันธนภาคย์ และ ผชู้ ่วยศาสตราจารย ์ ดร.สุดารัตน์ สวนจิตร กรรมการสอบวทิ ยานิพนธ์ ที่กรุณาใหค้ า แนะนา เพื่อแกไ้ ขว้ ทิ ยานิพนธ์ส่วนบกพร่อง เพื่อใหว้ ทิ ยานิพนธ์เล่มน้ีสมบูรณ์ยง่ิ ข้ึน ขอกราบขอบพระคุณคณาจารยผ์ ทู้ รงคุณวฒุ ิทุกทา่ นที่ไดป้ ระสิทธิประสาทวชิ าความรู้ ฝึกฝนทกั ษะ กระบวนการคิดและการทา งาน ตลอดระยะเวลาการศึกษามหาบณั ฑิตคร้ังน้ีแก่ ข้าพเจ้า ขอขอบคุณบุคลากรประจาโครงการบัณฑิตศึกษา และภาควิชาจุลชีววิทยา คณะวิทยาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยบูรพา ทุกทา่ นที่คอยช่วยเหลือและอา นวยความสะดวกในการ ประสานงาน เพื่อขอความอนุเคราะห์การใชเ้ ครื่องมือและสารเคมีตา่ ง ๆ ในการทา
    [Show full text]
  • Resolving the Mortierellaceae Phylogeny Through Synthesis of Multi-Gene Phylogenetics and Phylogenomics
    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Recent Work Title Resolving the Mortierellaceae phylogeny through synthesis of multi-gene phylogenetics and phylogenomics. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/25k8j699 Journal Fungal diversity, 104(1) ISSN 1560-2745 Authors Vandepol, Natalie Liber, Julian Desirò, Alessandro et al. Publication Date 2020-09-16 DOI 10.1007/s13225-020-00455-5 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Fungal Diversity https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-020-00455-5 Resolving the Mortierellaceae phylogeny through synthesis of multi‑gene phylogenetics and phylogenomics Natalie Vandepol1 · Julian Liber2 · Alessandro Desirò3 · Hyunsoo Na4 · Megan Kennedy4 · Kerrie Barry4 · Igor V. Grigoriev4 · Andrew N. Miller5 · Kerry O’Donnell6 · Jason E. Stajich7 · Gregory Bonito1,3 Received: 17 February 2020 / Accepted: 25 July 2020 © MUSHROOM RESEARCH FOUNDATION 2020 Abstract Early eforts to classify Mortierellaceae were based on macro- and micromorphology, but sequencing and phylogenetic studies with ribosomal DNA (rDNA) markers have demonstrated conficting taxonomic groupings and polyphyletic genera. Although some taxonomic confusion in the family has been clarifed, rDNA data alone is unable to resolve higher level phylogenetic relationships within Mortierellaceae. In this study, we applied two parallel approaches to resolve the Mortierel- laceae phylogeny: low coverage genome (LCG) sequencing and high-throughput, multiplexed targeted amplicon sequenc- ing to generate sequence data for multi-gene phylogenetics. We then combined our datasets to provide a well-supported genome-based phylogeny having broad sampling depth from the amplicon dataset. Resolving the Mortierellaceae phylogeny into monophyletic genera resulted in 13 genera, 7 of which are newly proposed. Low-coverage genome sequencing proved to be a relatively cost-efective means of generating a high-confdence phylogeny.
    [Show full text]
  • Wild-Gathered Fungi for Health and Rural Livelihoods
    Proceedings of the Nutrition Society (2006), 65, 190–197 DOI:10.1079/PNS2006491 g The Authors 2006 Wild-gathered fungi for health and rural livelihoods Miriam de Roma´n1*, Eric Boa1 and Steve Woodward2 1CABI Bioscience, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, UK 2School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Plant and Soil Science, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK Fungi are a good source of digestible proteins and fibre, are low in fat and energy and make a useful contribution to vitamin and mineral intake. In terms of current dietary advice, 80 g fungi represent one portion of vegetables. Dried fungi and concentrated extracts are also used as medicines and dietary supplements. Some species show strong anti-tumour and antioxidant activity by enhancing various immune system functions and lowering cholesterol levels. Nevertheless, there are also some safety concerns. Edible species might be mistaken for poi- sonous ones, high heavy-metal concentrations in wild edible fungi (WEF) are a known source of chronic poisoning and the consumption of WEF can contribute markedly to the radiocaesium intake of human subjects. Some regions of Europe have a strong WEF tradition, especially eastern Europe. In the UK the consumption of wild fungi is considered of minor importance. Only one-third of adults consume fungi (cultivated species and WEF) throughout the UK; the average intake of fungi in the UK is estimated to be 0.12 kg fresh weight per capita per year. At least eighty-two species of wild fungi are recorded as being consumed in the UK, although certain species (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Blight of Tomato
    Dr. Yonghao Li Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station 123 Huntington Street, P. O. Box 1106 New Haven, CT 06504 Phone: (203) 974-8601 Fax: (203) 974-8502 Founded in 1875 Email: [email protected] Putting science to work for society Website: www.ct.gov/caes EARLY BLIGHT OF TOMATO Early blight, caused by Alternaria solani, is a sunscald of fruit. common fungal disease of tomatoes grown in Stem infections can occur at any age, and fields, greenhouses, and high tunnels. In result in small, dark, slightly sunken areas that warm, rainy and wet weather, epidemics of enlarge to form circular or elongated this disease can cause severe defoliation, yield concentric lesions (Figure 2). loss, and poor fruit quality. The fungus also infects potato. Fruit can be infected during the green or ripe SYMPTOMS AND DIAGNOSTICS The fungus can infect most parts of a tomato plant, including leaves, stems, and fruit. Lesions on leaves first appear as small (less than 1/16 inch) brown spots surrounded by yellow discolorations. Diagnostic symptoms develop as the spots enlarge and become dark brown or black lesions with concentric rings, usually 1/3 to 1/4 inch in diameter (Figure 1). Under favorable conditions, many lesions Figure 2. An elongated concentric lesion coalesce and result in severe defoliation and (arrow) on the stem. Figure 3. A black and sunken lesion on the tomato fruit. Figure 1. Dark brown or black concentric Figure 3. A black and sunken lesion (arrow) lesions (arrows) on tomato leaves. on the tomato fruit.
    [Show full text]
  • I POTENSI Trichoderma Spp. ASAL AKAR KOPI DALAM MENEKAN PERKEMBANGAN Colletotrichum Sp
    POTENSI Trichoderma spp. ASAL AKAR KOPI DALAM MENEKAN PERKEMBANGAN Colletotrichum sp. PENYEBAB PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA DIDIANA YANUARITA MOLEBILA P4100215301 PROGRAM MAGISTER ILMU HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN MAKASSAR 2017 i POTENSI Trichoderma spp. ASAL AKAR KOPI DALAM MENEKAN PERKEMBANGAN Colletotrichum sp. PENYEBAB PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA TESIS Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat Untuk Mencapai Gelar Magister Program Studi Ilmu Hama Dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Disusun dan Diajukan oleh : DIDIANA YANUARITA MOLEBILA Nomor Pokok : P4100215301 PROGRAM MAGISTER ILMU HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN MAKASSAR 2017 TESIS POTENSI Trichoderma spp. ASAL AKAR KOPI DALAM MENEKAN PERKEMBANGAN Colletotrichum sp. PENYEBAB PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA Disusun dan diajukan oleh : DIDIANA YANUARITA MOLEBILA Nomor Pokok : P4100215301 Telah dipertahankan di depan Panitia Ujian Tesis pada tanggal 28 November 2017 dan dinyatakan telah memenuhi syarat Menyetujui, Komisi Penasehat Prof. Dr. Ir. Ade Rosmana, DEA Dr. Ir. Untung Surapaty T, M.Sc Ketua Anggota Ketua Program Studi Magister Dekan Fakultas Pertanian Ilmu Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Universitas Hasanuddin, Prof. Dr. Ir. Nur Amin, Dipl. Ing. Agr Prof. Dr. Ir. Sumbangan Baja,M.Phill PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN TESIS Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini : Nama : Didiana Yanuarita Molebila NIM : P4100215301 Program Studi : Ilmu Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Menyatakan dengan sebenar – benarnya bahwa tesis yang saya tulis ini benar–benar merupakan hasil karya saya sendiri dan bukan merupakan pengambilalihan tulisan atau pemikiran orang lain. Apabila dikemudian hari terbukti atau dapat dibuktikan bahwa sebagian atau keseluruhan tesis ini adalah hasil karya orang lain maka saya bersedia menerima sanksi atas perbuatan tersebut. Makassar, November 2017 Yang menyatakan Didiana Y. Molebila ABSTRAK DIDIANA YANUARITA MOLEBILA.
    [Show full text]
  • Potato Di~Ea~E~ Early Blight Phillip Wharton and William Kirk Department of Plant Pathology, Michigan State University Early Blight Symptoms Alternaria Solani (E
    Extension Bulletin E-2991 • New • May 2007 ~----------------------- -----------------------~------~ MICHI6AN Potato Di~ea~e~ Early Blight Phillip Wharton and William Kirk Department of Plant Pathology, Michigan State University Early Blight Symptoms Alternaria solani (E. & M.) Jones and Grout Foliar symptoms of early blight first appear as small, (Hyphomycetes, Hyphales) irregular to circular dark brown spots on the lower (older) leaves. These spots may range in size from Introduction a pinpoint to 1/8 inch in diameter (Fig. 1). As the Early blight is a very common disease of potato that spots enlarge, they become restricted by leaf veins is found in most potato-growing areas. Although it and take on an angular shape. Early in the growing occurs annually to some degree in most production season, lesions on young, fully expanded, succulent areas, the timing of its appearance and the rate of leaves may be larger - up to 112 inch in diameter disease progress help determine the impact on the - and may, because of their size, be confused with potato crop. The disease occurs over a wide range of late blight lesions (Fig. 2). Leaf lesions are relatively climatic conditions and depends in large part on the easy to identify in the field because lesion develop­ frequency of foliage wetting from rainfall, fog, dew or ment is characterized by a series of dark concentric irrigation, on the nutritional status of foliage and on rings alternating with bands of light tan tissue (Fig. 3). cultivar susceptibility. Though losses rarely exceed 20 A narrow band of chlorotic tissue often surrounds percent, if left uncontrolled, the disease can be very each lesion, and extensive chlorosis of infected destructive.
    [Show full text]
  • COMPLEXOS DE ESPÉCIES DE Colletotrichum ASSOCIADOS AOS CITROS E a OUTRAS FRUTÍFERAS NO BRASIL
    UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO FACULDADE DE CIENCIAS AGRÁRIAS E VETERINÁRIAS DE JABOTICABAL COMPLEXOS DE ESPÉCIES DE Colletotrichum ASSOCIADOS AOS CITROS E A OUTRAS FRUTÍFERAS NO BRASIL Roberta Cristina Delphino Carboni Engenheira Agrônoma 2018 T E S E / C A R B O N I R. C. D. 2 0 1 8 UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO FACULDADE DE CIENCIAS AGRÁRIAS E VETERINÁRIAS DE JABOTICABAL COMPLEXOS DE ESPÉCIES DE Colletotrichum ASSOCIADOS AOS CITROS E A OUTRAS FRUTÍFERAS NO BRASIL Roberta Cristina Delphino Carboni Orientador: Prof. Dr. Antonio de Goes Co-orientadora: Dra. Andressa de Souza Pollo Tese apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias – Unesp, Câmpus de Jaboticabal, como parte das exigências para a obtenção do título de Doutora em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) 2018 Carboni, Roberta Cristina Delphino C264d Complexos de espécies de Colletotrichum associados aos citros e a outras frutíferas no Brasil / Roberta Cristina Delphino Carboni. – – Jaboticabal, 2018 x, 107 p.: il.; 29 cm Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2018 Orientador: Antonio de Goes Co-orientadora: Dra. Andressa de Souza Pollo Banca examinadora: Kátia Cristina Kupper, Rita de Cássia Panizzi, Juliana Altafin Galli, Marcos Tulio de Oliveira Bibliografia 1. Citrus spp., Colletotrichum spp. 2. Análise polifásica. 3. marcadores ISSR. I. Título. II. Jaboticabal-Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias. CDU 634.3:632.4 Ficha catalográfica elaborada pela Seção Técnica de Aquisição e Tratamento da Informação – Diretoria Técnica de Biblioteca e Documentação - UNESP, Câmpus de Jaboticabal. DADOS CURRICULARES DO AUTOR ROBERTA CRISTINA DELPHINO CARBONI - nascida em 03 de novembro de 1987, em Jaboticabal-SP, é Engenheira Agrônoma formada pela Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Universidade Estadual Paulista ‘Júlio de Mesquita Filho’ (UNESP), Câmpus de Jaboticabal-SP, em fevereiro de 2012.
    [Show full text]
  • Anthracnose and Berry Disease of Coffee in Puerto Rico 1
    Anthracnose and Berry Disease of Coffee in Puerto Rico 1 J.S. Mignucci, P.R. Hepperly, J. Ballester and C. Rodriguez-Santiago2 ABSTRACT A survey revealed that Anthracnosis (Giomerella cingulata asex. Colletotri­ chum gloeosporioides) was the principal aboveground disease of field coffee in Puerto Rico. Isolates of C. gloeosporioides from both diseased soybeans and coffee caused typical branch necrosis in coffee after in vitro inoculation. Noninoculated checks showed no symptoms of branch necrosis or dieback. Necrotic spots on coffee berries collected from the field were associated with the coffee anthracnose fungus (C. gloeosporioides), the eye spot fungus (Cercospora coffeicola) and the scaly bark or collar rot fungus (Fusarium stilboides ). Typical lesions were dark brown, slightly depressed and usually contained all three fungi. Fascicles of C. coffeicola conidiophores formed a ring inside the lesion near its periphery. Acervuli of C. gloeosporioides and the sporodochia of F. stilboides were mixed in the center of the lesions. Monthly fungicide sprays (benomyl plus captafol) and double normal fertilization (454 g 10-5-15 with micronutrientsjtree, every 3 months) partially controlled berry spotting. Double normal fertilizer applications alone appeared to reduce the number of diseased berries by approximately 41%, but fungicide sprays gave 57% control. Combining high rate of fertilization and fungicide applications resulted in a reduction of approximately 85% of diseased berries. INTRODUCTION Coffee ( Coffea arabica) is a major crop in Puerto Rico, particularly on the humid northern slopes of the western central mountains. The 1979- 80 crop was harvested from about 40,000 hectares yielding over 11,350,000 kg with a value of $44 millions.
    [Show full text]