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Unicoi Turnpike Trail 5. Tellico Plains Then – Humans have inhabited the bottomlands of the Tellico River for at least 10,000 years. In 1886, a representative of the Smithsonian Institute described the remains of 15 Native American mounds here, stating that one mound in particular was the finest he had ever seen. Great Tellico, one of the larg- est and most powerful towns of the Cherokee Nation in the 18th century, stood about a mile from present-day Tellico Plains. An important crossroads for centuries, the Overhill (Unicoi) Trading Path and the Warriors’ Path diverged at Tellico Plains. The Overhill Trading Path climbed over the mountains into North Carolina while the Warriors’ Path ran southwestward to join the Cherokee settlements along the Hiwassee River. Mod- ern roads have covered much of the old paths but Tellico Plains retains its position as a crossroads for travelers. Now – In 1996 the Cherohala Skyway was completed across Located at the junction of Hwy 68/ the mountains between Tellico Plains, TN and Robbinsville, Hwy 165 (Cherohala Skyway). NC, making Tellico Plains the western gateway to this National 877-510-5765 Scenic Byway. Tellico Plains has seen many identities over time but the town has emerged in the 21st century as an inviting mountain village, where visitors can travel along the historic paths, climb to over 5,000 ft on the nation’s newest national scenic byway, or browse through the downtown shops. The Charles Hall Museum offers an overview of the town’s history along with an extensive collection of artifacts. The Skyway Visitor Center sits next door to the museum. .

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Cherokee Ethnogenesis in Southwestern North Carolina
The following chapter is from: The Archaeology of North Carolina: Three Archaeological Symposia Charles R. Ewen – Co-Editor Thomas R. Whyte – Co-Editor R. P. Stephen Davis, Jr. – Co-Editor North Carolina Archaeological Council Publication Number 30 2011 Available online at: http://www.rla.unc.edu/NCAC/Publications/NCAC30/index.html CHEROKEE ETHNOGENESIS IN SOUTHWESTERN NORTH CAROLINA Christopher B. Rodning Dozens of Cherokee towns dotted the river valleys of the Appalachian Summit province in southwestern North Carolina during the eighteenth century (Figure 16-1; Dickens 1967, 1978, 1979; Perdue 1998; Persico 1979; Shumate et al. 2005; Smith 1979). What developments led to the formation of these Cherokee towns? Of course, native people had been living in the Appalachian Summit for thousands of years, through the Paleoindian, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippi periods (Dickens 1976; Keel 1976; Purrington 1983; Ward and Davis 1999). What are the archaeological correlates of Cherokee culture, when are they visible archaeologically, and what can archaeology contribute to knowledge of the origins and development of Cherokee culture in southwestern North Carolina? Archaeologists, myself included, have often focused on the characteristics of pottery and other artifacts as clues about the development of Cherokee culture, which is a valid approach, but not the only approach (Dickens 1978, 1979, 1986; Hally 1986; Riggs and Rodning 2002; Rodning 2008; Schroedl 1986a; Wilson and Rodning 2002). In this paper (see also Rodning 2009a, 2010a, 2011b), I focus on the development of Cherokee towns and townhouses. Given the significance of towns and town affiliations to Cherokee identity and landscape during the 1700s (Boulware 2011; Chambers 2010; Smith 1979), I suggest that tracing the development of towns and townhouses helps us understand Cherokee ethnogenesis, more generally.
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