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Principles on separation of party and state signed after two delays (see page 44 for more).

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OBJECTIVE KEY PERSONS Offering seamless solutions for asset protection Dr. Leonardo Simão - Executive Chairman in SADC political and security environment. Executive director of the Joaquim Chissano Foundation, Chairman of United Bank of Africa VISION and Member of the SADC Mediation Team for Providing a network of political and security risk Madagascar, Leonardo Simão served as Minister advisers with first-hand knowledge of of Health from 1988 to 1994 and Minister of Mozambique and each country in the SADC. Foreign Cooperation from 1994 to 2005. Graduated in Medicine, Specialist in Public SCOPE OF SERVICES Health, he is a founding member of the Medical Country Risk Management Association of Mozambique and member of the  Country Risk Assessment Mozambique Medical Council.

 Market Entry Nuno Tomas - Director  Due Diligence A career diplomat, Nuno Tomas is Senior  Research & Investigations Adviser to former President of Mozambique,  Cultural Nuances and Understanding Joaquim Chissano since 2005. He has been  Health, Safety & Environmental involved in special political missions across Management Africa focussed on Conflict Resolution,  Physical Site Assessment Sustainable Development, Accountability and Compliance Good Governance.  Sanctions (US, EU, UK, Asia)  Anti-Money Laundering (AML) Nigel Morgan - Director  Anti-Bribery / Corruption (FCPA, BBA, For more than two decades, Nigel Morgan has OECD) advised multinational companies, financial  Litigation Support institutions and private clients on political and  Know your Client / Source of Funds (KyC / security risk related to foreign direct investment SoF) in Africa. He served in the Irish Guards and at Specialised Security Services the Centre for Policy Studies in London during  Corporate Security Planning the premiership of Margaret Thatcher.  Crisis Management  Emergency Evacuation Joe van der Walt - Director  Executive Protection Former South African military officer, who has  Kidnap and Ransom specialised in private-sector security in Africa and the Middle East, with particular expertise in AREAS OF OPERATION the oil, gas and mining sectors and working SADC experience in Angola, DRC, Liberia, Zambia, Somalia, Iraq, to name a few.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ECONOMY ...... 8 GRAPH 1: MOZAMBIQUE CURRENCY EVALUATION ...... 8 Mozambican parliament approves General State Account for 2013 ...... 9 Millions of misspent money recovered by financial authorities ...... 10 Mozambique’s foreign debt totals US$6.9 billion in the second half of 2014 ...... 11 What Mozambique can do to achieve rapid economic and social progress ...... 12 Business Confederation addresses CPLP’s “scope challenge” and calls for greater openness ...... 14 Mozambique-China Joint Commission meets over comparative advantages ...... 14 Hydropower projects in Mozambique attract Chinese groups Three Gorges and State Grid ...... 16 Mozambique turns 40, high on gas prospects ...... 17 Downstream key for Mozambique development – report ...... 18 Anadarko in talks with Japanese JV Jera for LNG deal ...... 20 Rio Tinto teams up with Savannah Resources in Mozambique ...... 21 Mining group Savannah jumps 75% after Rio Tinto deal ...... 21 ICVL raises US$185 million to develop Mozambique coal mine ...... 22 Project work worth US$200 billion to be available in Mozambique’s coal sector in next 20 years ...... 22 Moatize coal to flow through Nacala port ...... 23 Kenmare Resources: unofficial industrial action at Moma Mine ...... 23 Metals of Africa discovers high grade graphite at Montepuez ...... 24 DUAT: Syrah Resources receives key Land Access Licence for Balama project ...... 25 Mozambican rubies raise almost US$30 million in fourth Singapore auction ...... 26 Lichinga Catholic University debates ‘Changes and Challenges’ in Mozambican Mining Law ...... 26 Eskom accident reduces transmission of Cahora Bassa power ...... 27 General Electric establishes an office in Mozambique ...... 29

Business group from Mozambique plans to grow soybeans ...... 29 Turkish company to build cement factory in Maputo area ...... 30 Cimpor invests more than US$250 million in new cement plant in Nacala ...... 30 Qatar Airways suspends Maputo flights ...... 31 SAA increases Maputo flights ...... 32 Zimbabwean Dendairy launches in Mozambique ...... 33 Government to build 7,000 houses by December ...... 33 Maputo Ring Road to be completed in December 2015 ...... 34 Independence celebrations: construction of Machava Stadium goes over budget .... 34

POLITICS ...... 35 Renamo still not giving the list of its militia – Nyusi ...... 35 Prime Minister meets US transport secretary ...... 36 Nyusi urges private businesses to be “part of the solution and not part of the problem” ...... 38 Nametil asks Nyusi for municipalisation ...... 40 Sofala governor angered by unfinished work ...... 41 Ematum loan – “something went wrong”: Luisa Diogo ...... 42 Chissano urges the country to pay attention to agriculture ...... 43 Principles on separation of party and state signed after two delays ...... 44 Government/Renamo dialogue: mediators unhappy with the lack of consensus over military issues ...... 46 Dhlakama proposes joint committee to negotiate autonomous provinces ...... 47 Delay in disarming Renamo could put pressure on budget ...... 48 Cuban delegation in Mozambique for a working visit ...... 49 India-Mozambique ties will strengthen further ...... 49 Vietnam and Mozambique mark diplomatic ties ...... 50 Angolan diplomat optimistic on co-operation with Mozambique ...... 50 Vice-president of Angola attends Mozambique’s Independence Day celebrations .... 51 President Lungu expected in Mozambique ...... 51 “National unity remains key weapon for Mozambique” – Nyusi...... 52

Frelimo internal elections in Tete postponed...... 53 Mozambique to 2018 - managers, mediators and magnates ...... 53

SECURITY ...... 57 Dhlakama admits ordering ambush in Tete ...... 57 Overview of Human Rights Practices in Mozambique for 2014 ...... 58

CRIME ...... 61 MAP 1: KIDNAPPING INCIDENTS IN CENTRAL MAPUTO 2014 & 2015 ...... 61 GRAPH 2: REPORTED KIDNAPPINGS PER YEAR ...... 61 GRAPH 3: TIME OF KIDNAPPINGS 2014 & 2015 ...... 62 GRAPH 4: KIDNAPPINGS PER GENDER / AGE-GROUP 2014 & 2015 ...... 62 Chinese national arrested for ivory possession...... 63 Kidnapped baby rescued in Matola ...... 63 Criminal gang robs Nampula police station ...... 64 “Significant progress” in the investigation of Cistac’s murder - Mozambique Attorney General ...... 64 Chitima poisoning suspect to be set free ...... 64 PRM foil fraudulent prison release ...... 65 Two alleged kidnappers killed in police shootout ...... 65 Arsonists set fire to Sofala provincial court ...... 66 Brazilian national arrested in possession of cocaine ...... 67 PRM kill two alleged robbers in Maputo shootout ...... 67 Suspected fuel thieves die in explosion ...... 67 INE delegate murdered in Gaza ...... 67 46 guns seized from alleged Renamo member in Sofala ...... 68 Lynching in Nampula ...... 68 Journalists appealing against libel sentence ...... 69

WILDLIFE PRESERVATION ...... 70 Rhino will not go extinct – SANParks ...... 70 Mozambican poacher sentenced to seven and a half years in prison by South African court ...... 71 Howard Hughes Medical Institute to support science education at Gorongosa National Park ...... 72

OTHER ...... 73 No public holiday on Friday ...... 73 24% of Mozambicans affected by food insecurity ...... 74 The teachings of Mozambican Independence is characterised by ideological bias ... 74 Marcelino dos Santos receives honorary title of Hero of the Republic of Mozambique ...... 75

BUSINESS INDEX

AME East Africa ...... 20 Anadarko ...... 18 Camargo Corrêa ...... 15 China State Grid ...... 15 China Three Gorges ...... 15 Chubu Electric...... 19 Cimentos de Mozambique ...... 29 Cimpor ...... 29 CNOOC ...... 20 Coal India ...... 21 Dendairy Limited ...... 32 EdM ...... 16, 39 Électricité de France ...... 15 Eletrobras ...... 15 Ematum ...... 8, 9, 10, 41 Energias de Portugal...... 15 ENI ...... 18 Eskom ...... 15, 16, 26, 27 Exim Bank ...... 21 Gemfields ...... 25

General Electric ...... 28 GigaMethanol ...... 19 Glencore ...... 20 Intercement Group ...... 29 International Coal Ventures Ltd ...... 21 João Ferreira dos Santos group ...... 28 Kenmare Resources ...... 22 Limak Holding ...... 29 Matilda Minerals ...... 20 Metals of Africa Limited ...... 23 Mitsui ...... 19 Montepuez Rubi Mining Ltd...... 25 Mozambican Airport Company ...... 30 Mozambique Railways ...... 33 Mwiriti ...... 25 Natal Portland ...... 29 NMDC ...... 21 NTPC ...... 21 Pertamina ...... 20 PTT ...... 20 REN ...... 15 Rio Tinto ...... 20 RSV ENCO Consulting ...... 21 SAIL ...... 21 Savannah Resources ...... 20 Sociedade Nacional de Transporte de Energia ...... 16 Syrah Resources ...... 24 The Mozambique Agriculture Company ...... 28 Toho Gas ...... 20 Tokyo Electric Power Co ...... 19 Veerasek Gems ...... 25 Vizag Steel ...... 21

ECONOMY

Mozambique Exchange Rate and Fuel Prices: 24 June 2015

Mozambique Metical (MZN) Exchange Rate Mozambique Fuel Prices Currency Buy Sell Fuel Type Price Per Litre Euro (EUR) 44,79 45,02 Petrol 47,52MT U.S. Dollar (USD) 39,44 39,64 Diesel 36,81MT S.A. Rand (ZAR) 3,25 3,27 Prices only valid for Maputo, Beira and Nacala

GRAPH 1: MOZAMBIQUE CURRENCY EVALUATION

Mozambican parliament approves Explaining the Renamo vote against General State Account for 2013 approving the Account, Antonio Timba emphasised the fact that, unlike previous On Thursday (18 June) the Mozambican General State Accounts, the 2013 Parliament [the Assembly of the Republic] Account did not give a list of names of approved the General State Account for those who owed money to the Treasury. 2013, after two days of (sometimes) bitter debates. “This list of those who owe public funds was always part of the General State The 130 deputies from the ruling Frelimo Account in previous years, but it has Party in the chamber voted in favour of miraculously disappeared”, said Timba. In the Account, while the 76 deputies from previous years, the list of those who have the former rebel movement Renamo and not repaid treasury loans included from the Mozambique Democratic companies owned by senior Frelimo Movement (MDM) voted against. figures.

As in previous years the opposition Among Timba’s other accusations was argued that the criticisms of the Account that the Finance Directorate in the central made by the country’s supreme audit province of Manica “received MT2 million body, the Administrative Tribunal, showed to finance banquets of the ruling party that it was full of mistakes, inaccuracies during the election campaign”. and illegalities. Frelimo, however, argued that the government was continually For the MDM, Silverio Samuel reiterated improving the drafting of the annual the government guarantee for the US$850 accounts, and had implemented million loan which the Mozambique Tuna recommendations made by the Company (Ematum) had taken on the Assembly’s own Plan and Budget Eurobond market in 2013. He attacked Commission. the failure of the 2013 General State Account to even mention the Ematum Giving the Frelimo “Declaration of Vote”, loan, which the MDM regards as “the Agostinho Manja said that the 2013 greatest government financial scandal Account showed the increase in the since independence”. capacity of the resources raised by the State to finance public expenditure, to He described the interest rate on the loan guarantee the payment of wages to state as “closer to criminal loansharking than to employees, and to allow the recruitment a conventional financial operation”. He of more staff for key sectors such as said that rate was LIBOR (London Inter- education and health. Bank Offered Rate) plus 6% – earlier in the day, the Minister of Economy and The execution of the 2013 budget, he Finance, Adriano Maleiane, had said the said, “contributed to compliance with our interest rate was even higher, at LIBOR central agenda, which is the fight against plus 6.5%. poverty and the creation of ever better living conditions for our people”. The Samuel alleged that commissions of Account showed “clearly and US$13.6 million had been paid on the transparently” how the budget had been loan and demanded to know who the implemented. beneficiaries were.

But he damaged his case with a few wild Millions of misspent money recovered inaccuracies, such as the claim that by financial authorities Ematum is “registered in Holland under another name”. In fact the fishing According to the Minister of Economy and company Ematum is registered in Finance, Adriano Maleiane, in recent Mozambique: the Dutch-registered months financial authorities have Ematum Finance is a Special Purpose recovered approximately MT126 million Vehicle set up solely for the purpose of (roughly US$3.6 million) that had been selling the Ematum loan certificates. spent by state institutions without proper legal basis. He claimed that income from Ematum would be at most US$20 million a year, According to Maleiane, this value was but debt servicing will be US$57 million. retrieved from a total of MT176 million The government, however, insists that identified by the Administrative Court when the entire Ematum tuna fleet is during its audit of various organs and operational, it will bring in revenue of state institutions in the course of US$196 million a year. preparing its legal opinion on the 2013 General Account of the State. The MDM also wanted to know “where is the other US$500 million?” For, as “It is true that the Court found that MT176 Maleiane explained, the loan has been million (roughly US$5.023 million) of split in two – that part used to purchase expenditure had no justification, and that fishing assets, valued at US$350 million, work done by the Inspectorate of Finance is now classified as Ematum debt, while to identify and reconstruct these expenses the remaining US$500 million is on the has made it possible to recover 74 % of government books as Ministry of Defence the amount, being MT126 million, leaving debt. MT49 million, or around US$1.4 million, missing. If we cannot retrieve this amount, But what has it purchased? There are the matter will be forwarded to the known to be six coastal patrol vessels, competent bodies to be dealt with built at the same French shipyard as the coercively”, Maleiane said. 24 Ematum fishing boats. In late 2013, the then fisheries minister Vitor Borges spoke With regards to public-private of radar, satellite communications, on- partnerships, a matter frequently raised by shore installations and training. But it is opposition MPs who considers there to be hard to see how this adds up to US$500 insufficient transparency in the million. management of these entities, the finance minister acknowledged that relevant The matter is not going to disappear, and information did not appear in the General until the government provides an itemised State Accounts under debate, but said list of what the money has been used for, that the information would be included in suspicions of illicit use, or of hidden arms documents on the financial and economic purchases (the MDM’s favoured theory) performance of the government for 2014 will persist. and for 2015.

Source: Agencia de Informacao de Another topic featuring largely in the Moçambique debate of the 2013 General State Account

concerned the management of the State’s In turn, domestic public debt on that date own revenues and of funds earmarked for stood at MT31.540 billion (approximately institutions and state bodies. Here, US$839 million), an annual increase of Maleiane acknowledged the “hard work” 6.1%. done to overcome the constraints detected by the Administrative Court, The increase in debt was due to the need while pointing out that advances have to “cover the budget deficit and the been made in the last two-to-three years. implementation of socio-economic “For example, in 2008, in ‘Own incomes’, development programmes that are it was only possible to recover MT1.2 essential for the country”, the document billion, while in 2013 the figure recovered said. stood at MT3.6 billion, which indicates that this is a process which is moving To service its debt in the second half of forward fairly quickly”, he said. 2014 the Mozambican state spent MT13.5520 billion (US$36 million) for For earmarked funds, Maleiane said that foreign debt and MT27.548 billion in 2008 the Executive managed to take (US$73.2 million) for domestic debt. control of MT3 billion and that, in 2013, control rose to MT7.7 billion. “But here the However, the government announced in main constraints are those of the banking Parliament that it was negotiating the network and the lack of collecting stations ways in which the State endorsed a loan and staff training”, he said. of US$500 million to finance Mozambican tuna company Ematum, arguing that the According to Maleiane, it is unclear as to repayment period is short. what is being done with regards to the inventory of expenditure undertaken “Seven years is a short period to pay without observing the rules and proper US$500 million even with a grace period procedures in the General State of two years, especially at high interest Accounts. Thus, he explained, issues rates. We are trying to negotiate a longer related to unjustified expenditure are to be payment period and lower interest rates”, forwarded to the relevant authorities for the Minister for the Economy and Finance appropriate legal action. told members of Parliament.

Source: Notícias Adriano Maleiane said that the figure was the amount the State would pay of a total Mozambique’s foreign debt totals US$850 million it borrowed to finance US$6.9 billion in the second half of Ematum by issuing debt on the European 2014 market.

Mozambique’s foreign debt amounted to Ematum, which is owned by the social US$6.9 billion at the end of the second services of Information and State Security half of 2014, which represents an annual Services (SISE), is currently the focus of a increase of 17.5%, according to a major controversy in Mozambique. statement on the macroeconomic climate from the Mozambican Ministry of Source: Macauhub Economy and Finance.

What Mozambique can do to achieve The triumvirate of Adriano Maleiane at the rapid economic and social progress Ministry of Economics and Finance, Ernesto Gove at the Central Bank and Agriculture, which employs approximately Pedro Couto in the Ministry of Energy and 80% of the working population, and Natural Resources is perhaps one of the political stability are key to Mozambique’s most promising on the continent. In rapid economic and social progress. addition, José Pacheco is an experienced head of the Ministry of Agriculture. In the more than two decades since democratic elections signalled a new era The bad news is that the team faces in Mozambique, a great deal has been enormous challenges. Among these are: accomplished. Nearly all development indicators have improved - often  Renewed political instability with substantially - relative to the miserable the potential for violent levels posted in the 1980s and 1990s. confrontation with the principal opposition party, Renamo; Headline economic growth has been among the most rapid in the world.  A persistent majority of the rural Enormous efforts have been made in population mired in very low improving access to education with productivity subsistence complete primary education now in sight. agriculture;

Infant mortality rates have declined  The “easy to say but hard to do” dramatically from approximately 177 task of converting raw natural deaths per 1,000 live births in 1975 to resources below the ground, such roughly 62 deaths per 1,000 live births in as coal and gas, into productive 2013. physical and human capital above the ground; and But Mozambique’s struggle to improve living standards, particularly raising  Job creation for a young and desperately low levels of consumption for rapidly growing population with more than half of the population, has high expectations. suffered in the 2000s. The fuel and food price crisis of 2008 hit hard and weather The government confronts these and shocks magnified the impact. other thorny challenges with a weak administrative apparatus and open splits With a new government designing its within Frelimo, the dominant political development programme, now is a good party. time to reflect on what Mozambique can do to achieve rapid economic and social Even under favourable assumptions it will progress. take time for the Nyusi administration to gain traction and address the weaknesses The good news is that President Filipe in development policies that have become Nyusi, who formally replaced Armando evident over the past five years. Guebuza in January 2015, has selected an excellent economic team. While development is a multifaceted process that requires simultaneous efforts

across many dimensions, two core picture over two decades is one of priorities merit highlighting. Re- distressingly little progress, particularly establishing peace and stability is the first. among smallholders. This is despite The second involves devoting attention substantial agricultural potential. and resources to getting smallholder agriculture moving. A renewed focus on agriculture, alongside a reshuffling of priorities towards Neither is easy. Addressing the peace smallholders, is required. For example, and stability challenge has clearly been research and extension was recently high on Nyusi’s agenda since he was found to be one of the highest returning sworn into office. The sooner the country investments in the agricultural sector. can move from establishing viable frameworks for peace and stability to At the same time, spending on research implementing them the better. and extension, while performing well relative to other agricultural expenditures, Agriculture is the key: perform poorly relative to other African countries. The new government has not yet set out its policies for the agricultural sector in There is therefore good reason to ask the general, or for smallholders in particular. It research and extension system to do has endlessly spewed out policy more and to do better, and there is no documents and strategy papers, all to inherent reason to believe that the very little effect. What we don’t know is Mozambican system could not achieve what the new Nyusi government is going both. But these kinds of highly desirable to do. outcomes are not going to happen on their own. Sustained and informed Planning and technical functions have attention at all levels is needed. been operating largely on autopilot in agriculture as almost everywhere else. Getting smallholder agriculture moving Energies have been directed to resolving successfully is closely linked to the the confrontation with Renamo and to the remaining three big challenges listed apparently successful - but certainly not above.Investments in rural infrastructure smooth - power transition within Frelimo. are sensible and equitable ways to distribute revenues from natural It is well-known that agriculture plays a resources. Greater dynamism in key role in development in Mozambique. agriculture will brighten the employment Approximately 70% of the population is picture considerably. This is important rural. Nearly all rural inhabitants are given that about 80% of Mozambicans are overwhelmingly dependent on agriculture principally employed in agriculture. for their livelihoods. Even urban households depend heavily on agriculture Over the long term, broad based-growth to earn a living. Productivity is low and in rural areas also has the potential to stagnant. help ease some of the political tensions currently occupying the attention of the Some success stories are percolating out new Mozambican leadership. of rural areas for crops such as sesame and poultry value chains. But the broad Source: The Conversation Africa

Business Confederation addresses “economic arm” launched a year ago, CPLP’s “scope challenge” and calls for which currently comprises of greater openness approximately 400 organisations, including companies and associations. The Business Confederation of the Community of Portuguese Speaking Another ‘tool’ of its strategy is the Countries (CE-CPLP) has called for Observatory of Economic and Business greater openness amongst its member Activities of the CPLP, which contains states and other countries and regional legal and economic information about organisations, and has set out this goal in member states, as well as investment a strategic plan presented recently in opportunities, on its website. Mozambique. In addition to Equatorial Guinea, which After visiting Cabo Verde (Cape Verde) joined in 2014, the CPLP member states and Equatorial Guinea, on Wednesday are: Angola, Brazil, Cabo Verde (Cape (17 June) the CE-CPLP ended a round of Verde), Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, presentations regarding its strategy for the Portugal, São Tome and Príncipe and 2015-2020 period, a plan that the Timor-Leste (East Timor), and observer president of the organisation said members are Georgia, Japan, Mauritius, responds to the “scope challenge” of the Namibia, Senegal and Turkey. community, which should not “close its doors to those who want to invest in its Source: Macauhub member states”. Mozambique-China Joint Commission According to the president of the meets over comparative advantages association and Mozambican businessman, Salimo Abdula, the On Friday (19 June) the Mozambique- community should look internally to be China Joint Economic, Technical and more open and inclusive, noting that the Cooperation Commission met in Maputo project for “free movement of people, to discuss how to exploit the comparative goods, capital and services” has yet to be advantages possessed by each country in implemented, causing major constraints to such areas as natural resources, labour, investment in the community. finance, technology, investment and industry. It is in this context, he said, that the current CE-CPLP strategy is based on The delegations were led by three areas, namely to improve the Mozambique’s deputy foreign minister, business and investment climate; expand Nyeleti Mondlane, and the Chinese access to social and economic deputy minister of trade, Gao Yan. infrastructure, such as universities and In her opening speech, Mondlane polytechnics; and the promotion of recognised the comparative advantages enterprise development. of Chinese financing, and hoped that Alongside the plan, he said, the CE-CPLP Mozambique could continue to rely on the is also focusing on creating organisations “valuable support” of China, through that streamline economic activities, such financing projects that have an impact on as the Union of CPLP Exporters, its

improving the living conditions of the audience, the Chinese ambassador, Li Mozambican people. Chunhua, told reporters that the deputy minister hoped that the annual trade “China is a special partner of Mozambique between Mozambique and China will which has been providing multifaceted reach US$5 billion a year by 2018. support to the country since the time of our struggle to win our self-determination”, In the first quarter of 2015 trade between she said. She hoped that continued the two countries reached US$587 million Chinese aid “will ensure greater (+37.02%), with China selling goods worth sustainability of joint cooperation US$447 million (+52.91%) and purchase programmes”. goods worth US$140 million (+3.04%).

Mondlane said that she was pleased that “The delegations discussed how to the meeting of the Joint Commission increase investment, and China is willing coincides with celebrations of the 40th to increasingly strengthen its investments anniversary of the establishment of in industrialisation”, said the ambassador diplomatic relations between Mozambique and China. “China has the capacity to export more advanced technologies”, he added, “and “This is a historic moment of great Mozambique is registering very important symbolism for our two countries and economic growth which can peoples”, she said, “because we are accommodate large scale investments”. celebrating the consistency of a relationship which has been bringing On Monday (22 June) the two delegations important results for the efforts of signed a general agreement for the next Mozambicans in the struggle to eradicate three years in the economic, technical and poverty and consolidate economic commercial sectors. development and social progress”. “We want China to continue to occupy a Yan said that the co-operation the two leading role in economic relations with sides wish to strengthen fits in well with Mozambique, through projects that bring the efforts promoted by Chinese President mutual benefits”, said Mondlane, as part Xi Jinping to encourage international co- of the closing ceremony of the 5th session operation based on investment, of the joint committee for co-operation infrastructures and mutual benefits. between Mozambique and China.

Yan also hoped to stimulate co-operation Without providing details on the in trade, industry, technical assistance documents or the amounts involved, and staff training for which she believed Mondlane said that the joint committee there was “an enormous potential”. evaluated 11 projects in various sectors, which will be implemented taking into “Our technical groups will exchange account the state budget and priorities of impressions to deepen economic and both countries. commercial co-operation”, Yan added. During the meeting, the Mozambican and Yan was also received by Prime Minister Chinese governments signed two Carlos Agostinho do Rosario. After the agreements on digital migration of

television and technical training for shareholder of the Mozambican agriculture. hydroelectric company.

Source: Agencia de Informacao de REN’s business plan for 2015-18 provides Moçambique/Voz de América/Macauhub for increased investment in internationalisation to €900 million in Hydropower projects in Mozambique emerging markets in Africa and Latin attract Chinese groups Three Gorges America. and State Grid EDP has said that Mozambique “is a Mozambique is a target country with strategic market that can be an important regards to the internationalisation of vector of internationalisation” for the China Three Gorges (CTG) and China company, which “will contribute to the State Grid (CSG), and two major strategic development of the sector in the hydroelectric projects that are currently country, particularly the North Cahora being launched are of interest to these Bassa project, to the extent that the Chinese groups and their Portuguese Mozambican government sees fit”. subsidiaries. Another project that is being targeted by Paul Muxanga, chairman of the Cahora CSG is the hydroelectric power station of Bassa Hydroelectric Dam (HCB), said Mpanda Nkua, designed to be the second recently that the long-awaited construction largest hydroelectric facility in the country of the northern plant of the Cahora Bassa and awarded to Brazilian construction hydroelectric facility should be initiated companies in 2010, but which ran into soon, a project which, according to the funding difficulties. Portuguese financial daily Diário Económico, is “in the sights” of the two CSG also intends to finance and build the Chinese groups. dam and as such, the Mozambican authorities have decided to alter the CTG, in partnership with Energias de Mpanda Nkua management company’s Portugal (EDP) of which it is the largest shareholder structure. shareholder with 21.35%, wants to be involved in the future construction of this Brazilian construction company Camargo 1,250 megawatt (MW) facility, at a cost Corrêa was not happy with this move and estimated by the Mozambican has demanded compensation for the government at US$413 million. investment that it has made in the project and the return of guarantees provided in CSG, which is the largest shareholder of return for the concession contract. Portuguese power grid company REN, which owns 7.5% of HCB, is positioned as The latest plans indicated that CSG would a competitor to CTG for the project. take between one third and 40% of the Mpanda Nkua facility, less than the 60% it A spokesman from REN said that the wanted, while South Africa’s Eskom, the project for the northern plant was “very plant’s future client, would have 20%, relevant to HCB” and that the company Électricité de France (EdF) and Brazil’s was observing its progress, as a Eletrobras would have between 10 and 15% each, and the rest would be divided

between Mozambican state power The deposits in the northern Rovuma company EdM and private Mozambican Basin may be a decade from production, companies. but, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the impact of With an installed capacity of 1,500 MW, foreign investment – which could amount the power plant is a key asset for the to US$100 billion – is already being felt. profitability of the transmission line that will be managed by power transmission “The future is in our hands”, President company Sociedade Nacional de Filipe Nyusi said in an address at Transporte de Energia (SNTE). Maputo’s national stadium, after a fly-by from one of the military’s few air-worthy The new transmission line, which will jets. connect the centre to the south of Mozambique, is a partnership between “Mozambique has all the conditions to CSG, which holds a 46% stake and emerge within the next decade as a responsibility for financing the project, united and economically strong country”. with REN, which kept a 14% stake, while Eskom and EdM have 20% each. The economy has posted 7% growth for the last five years, spurring a construction Source: Macauhub boom in a capital that is quickly shedding its reputation as a sleepy, beachside Mozambique turns 40, high on gas backwater. prospects Shiny new headquarters of foreign energy On Thursday (25 June) Mozambique and engineering firms sit alongside mobile turned 40, mixing formal military parades phone shops and high-end boutiques, with exuberant African dancing as it jostling for space on bustling city-centre turned from a generation of civil war and streets with branches of European and poverty to look to a more prosperous South African banks. future, powered, it hopes, by vast amounts of natural gas. But there are side-effects to the boom that may pose difficulties for the country and In contrast to the early years of its guardians in the former Marxist Frelimo independence from Portugal in 1975, party. when the challenge was navigating the choppy waters of the Cold War, the Few jobs are being created beyond the southern African nation’s leaders now narrow confines of hydrocarbon face the burden of the growing development, and the surge in the expectations of its 26 million people. country’s currency resulting from its gas prospects is hobbling other more labour- Underpinning the national optimism in this intensive sectors such agriculture, US$17 billion economy is the prospect of manufacturing and tourism. massive revenues from an estimated 180 trillion cubic feet of off-shore gas - enough With the post-independence civil war now to supply Germany, Britain, France and a distant memory after a 1992 peace deal, Italy for nearly two decades. ordinary Mozambicans - who earn on

average just US$650 a year - are hungry of an US$850 million bond ear-marked for for change. a state tuna-fishing fleet – Mozambique’s first foray into the international capital “The war is gone and we are feeling the markets - had actually been spent on benefits of peace. I believe there will be maritime defence. more changes in the future, more schools, more hospitals and more jobs”, said 29- But with their eyes on billions of dollars year-old Catija Mahomed, who makes a from gas sales by 2025, Mozambicans living selling car parts on a dusty Maputo are going to be demanding much more roadside. than just transparency from Nyusi, who now carries all their hopes for a “I’m not a mother yet but when I have a prosperous future. baby, I want him or her to go to school and to grow up to be someone. Who The country’s leading independent daily knows - perhaps even to be president?” newspaper Notícias described Nyusi in an she said. editorial on Thursday as having “room for more than 20 million Mozambicans who Yet at Thursday’s independence are hopeful that their desires and celebrations, which emphasised the need concerns will be addressed”. for national unity, officials from the opposition Renamo party were However, this week the London-based conspicuous by their absence. Chatham House think-tank warned that the discovery of rich resources in a The party that was Frelimo’s foe in the 15- country was a reason for caution. year civil war accuses its ruling counterpart of autocracy and narrow self- “Despite the rhetoric, experience shows interest and routinely boycotts parliament. that – in general – good things happen slowly, while bad things can happen very While a return to war is out of the fast”, it said. question, Renamo has stirred up trouble over the last two years with sporadic Source: Reuters guerrilla raids on roads and towns in its central heartlands that at one point Downstream key for Mozambique effectively divided the country. development – report

Against this backdrop Nyusi - the first Mozambique must prioritise the northern president - has presented development of a domestic fertiliser and himself as a “leader with a heart”. It’s an petrochemical industry if it is to make the image that is gaining traction given the most of its giant gas reserves, according marked change in the approach of his to the latest report published by Maputo- predecessor Armando Guebuza, based think-tank the Centre for Public nicknamed “4x4” for his steamrolling style. Integrity.

Nyusi has also pushed for more openness While export projects are essential to from a notoriously secretive justify foreign investment to extract administration. Just last week the finance Rovuma gas, the country must ensure minister admitted in parliament that much sufficient volumes are earmarked for

downstream sectors that will maximise the number of wells that need to be drilled local job creation and help to reduce and the size of the pipelines needed to poverty, according to the report “Gas for bring the gas to Palma. Development or Just for Money?” How much gas for government? Although up to 20,000 workers will be needed during the height of construction A key point of discussion is how much gas of Mozambique’s first liquefied natural gas the government will force Anadarko, (LNG) project – and local content which operates Area-1, and ENI, operator requirements emphasise the importance of Area-4, to earmark for the domestic of hiring Mozambicans – far fewer market. workers will be required during operation of the plant. The report assumes a government take of 12% for Area-1 and 17% for Area-4, The hope is instead for downstream based on the 2% royalty gas payment development to boost local employment, included in the exploration and production Joseph Hanlon, one of the document’s concession contracts (EPCC) – signed by authors, told reporters. ENI and Anadarko in 2006 – as well as the government’s share of profit gas from “Fertiliser – if a distribution system were Areas 1 and 4. For Anadarko, this profit created – would stimulate commercial share is initially 10% of production, rising agricultural production, which could create to 60%; for ENI it is 15% initially, but only tens of thousands of rural jobs. If handled rises to 50%. well, chemicals and plastics could create an entire new industry”, he said. However, the lack of precise overlap between the EPCC, decree law and In contrast, LNG is solely for export, and Mozambique’s latest petroleum law – GTL – the main alternative for which sets a 25% DMO, but should not monetisation under Mozambique’s apply retrospectively to the Rovuma Basin domestic market obligation (DMO) – does contracts – means the date and volume of not create any downstream jobs because gas to be delivered is subject to it simply replaces existing diesel imports. negotiation. While these projects promise high revenues, the government should accept As there will be four LNG trains in a reduction in income in the short term to operation initially, each with 170 billion promote longer-term investment in cubic metres of reserves, the first projects Mozambican industrialisation, the report could deliver 99 billion cubic metres (bcm) argues. of DMO gas.

However, the government needs to make Fertiliser as a priority: a decision soon on how much gas should be delivered under the DMO, as well as The report argues that the development of when and at what price, as Anadarko and a fertiliser plant should be a priority, and ENI are gearing up for final investment should be accompanied by the decisions (FIDs) on their onshore LNG development of a domestic market and projects in early 2016. The volume of gas later domestic compounding using local the government demands will determine phosphate.

Mozambique uses little fertiliser – only become the world’s biggest buyer of LNG, 50,000 tons in 2010 – partly because to sell long-term supply from its imports are expensive. The country’s draft Mozambique export scheme. fertiliser strategy aims to increase use by 100,000 tons per annum (tpa). However, The US oil major’s gas finds in Area-1 of given a typical fertiliser plant produces 1.3 Mozambique’s Rovuma Basin will feed million tons per annum (mtpa) of urea – the initial 10 mtpa, US$23 billion LNG using around 20 bcm of feedstock gas – export project, which is due to start by even if Mozambique did meet these goals 2021. there would still be capacity for huge exports. Jera is a joint venture between Tokyo Electric Power Co (Tepco) and Chubu Four fertiliser projects have already been Electric, Japan’s biggest and third-biggest proposed in Mozambique, and the report utilities, set up in April with an aim to recommends that the company that wins become the cheapest LNG buyer in East the contract to build the plant should meet Asia. two demands. Firstly, 10% of production is to be sold on the national market at cost Anadarko and Jera are in talks over a price, with the company setting up a long-term gas import deal, three industry system of distributors and local dealers. sources said. Secondly, the company must develop a domestic fertiliser industry. “Interviews A Jera spokesman said that the venture is have made it clear that at least some in talks with various firms on new supplies fertiliser companies would agree to both but could not give details on individual demands”, the report says. projects due to confidentiality agreements.

The second priority should be “Anadarko are in talks with Jera to discuss development of methanol, chemicals and potential Mozambique sales”, one of the plastics production. Japan’s Mitsui, which sources said. has a 20% stake in Area-1, has proposed The move shows how Jera’s bulk an 850,000 tpa methanol plant that would purchasing power could be a swing factor require 14 bcm of gas, while Germany’s in decisions on LNG projects that require GigaMethanol has proposed a 2.5 mtpa huge investment and large long-term plant that would need 57 bcm. Other contracts to ensure viability. proposals are also on the table. “Methane-based chemicals is a new and Last year Anadarko had allotted two-thirds rapidly growing area, and offers of the capacity of its planned 10 mtpa Mozambique a unique chance to enter an Mozambique LNG project, but needed industry at the start”, the report adds. more before taking a final investment decision, which is still pending. Source: Interfax Energy

Anadarko in talks with Japanese JV Anadarko spokesman John Christiansen Jera for LNG deal said the project has more than eight mtpa of LNG signed in non-binding deals, up on Anadarko Petroleum is in talks with newly 2014 levels. formed Japanese JV vehicle Jera, set to

“We are progressing to long-term sales Meanwhile, Rio Tinto will provide and purchase agreements (SPAs) with resources to the Aim-listed miner. multiple customers in Asian markets, and we continue to make good progress with David Archer, Savannah’s chief executive, our marketing efforts”, Christiansen said. said that the “amalgamation of the projects makes enormous sense as it Jera already handles all new long-term combines three areas which are fuel purchases for Tepco and Chubu. effectively part of the same, continuous From next year (2016) it will also handle mineralisation trend”. The key mineral all existing LNG supply contracts and sands projects, which are in the purchases, amounting to 40 mtpa. Inhambane region of Mozambique, have “the potential to sustain a significant Last year (2014) Anadarko also signed a operation for over 20 years”, Savannah non-binding agreement with Japanese said. utility Toho Gas for 0.3 mtpa of Mozambican LNG, two industry sources Earlier this month, peer Glencore said it said. had its eyes on Rio’s iron-ore business. Peter Freyberg, Glencore’s coal chief, A Toho Gas spokesman said that said that he was in the market for Mozambique was a strong candidate for “synergy deals” that could cut costs. new supplies and is one of the projects it is talking to, but declined to say whether it As part of the arrangement, Savannah had signed a non-binding deal, citing Resources has also acquired the confidentiality. remaining 20% stake of Matilda Minerals, which it doesn’t own. China’s CNOOC, Indonesia’s Pertamina, the United Arab Emirates, Thailand’s PTT Savannah’s other major focus is in Oman, and Singapore are in talks with Anadarko. where it has two copper blocks and has seen strong indications of gold during its Source: Reuters exploration programme. Earlier this month, it announced the discovery of gold Rio Tinto teams up with Savannah in this region following rock chip sampling, Resources in Mozambique trenching and a review of historic information. On Monday (22 June) Savannah Resources and Rio Tinto announced a Source: The Telegraph Joint Venture (JV) to develop a large- scale heavy mineral sands project in Mining group Savannah jumps 75% Mozambique. after Rio Tinto deal

AME East Africa, a wholly-owned On a day of market optimism one of the subsidiary of Savannah Resources, has biggest risers is - perhaps inevitably - a agreed to form a JV with Rio Tinto over mining minnow. Aim-listed Savannah the Mutamba, Dongane, Chilubane and Resources has jumped nearly 75% to Jangamo prospects. Savannah 3.6p after unveiling a JV with Rio Tinto to Resources, formerly African Mining and develop a large-scale mineral sands Exploration, will operate the JV. mining project in Mozambique.

Savannah will combine its Jangamo ICVL is yet to respond to a CNBC query tenement with Rio’s Mutamba deposit and on the subject. operate the JV. It can earn up to 51% of the combined project with Rio providing all Source: Money Control its existing camp, facilities and associated equipment which will help accelerate Project work worth US$200 billion to development, and will enter into an offtake be available in Mozambique’s coal sales agreement for 100% of the sector in next 20 years production from any mine that may be Engineering design and project developed. management consultancy RSV ENCO Analysts at Investec said that the situation Consulting strategic development is “A win-win for both parties as Savannah executive, Rowan Karstel, has stated that gets greater scale (and assumedly some there are significant opportunities for financial backing) and Rio gets Savannah companies to profit from Mozambique’s to advance a project that will be way off its resource sector. list of priorities”. “The province of Tete alone has inferred Source: The Guardian total coal reserves of about 23 billion tons”, he highlights. ICVL raises US$185 million to develop Mozambique coal mine Karstel states that there will be project work worth approximately US$200 billion International Coal Ventures Ltd (ICVL) set undertaken in Mozambique over the next up by the government of India to buy coal 20 years, mostly in the country’s coal and assets overseas to meet the raw material gas sectors. needs of state-owned companies like SAIL, Coal India, NTPC, etc., has “The country possesses good-quality allegedly been scouting for funds for its coking coal and also has substantial Mozambique coal mine. volumes of coal that is in line with Indian thermal coal specifications”. CNBC learned that the company has managed to raise approximately US$185 He notes that the continuing growth of million to accelerate production of the India’s economy will ensure that coal asset. Sources say that the company has companies operating in Mozambique will secured the loan, which has a six-year be able to secure long-term offtake tenure, from Exim Bank at a rate of Libor agreements with Indian commodity plus 250 basis points. The company will traders. use the funds to upgrade technology and expand its coal distribution network. Further, Karstel says that India is “chronically short” of power and only 25% ICVL - which is a JV between SAIL, Coal of the population has access to electricity. India, NTPC, NMDC and Vizag Steel - acquired the Mozambican asset from Rio He highlights that India’s domestic coal Tinto for US$50 million in July, 2014. reserves in the north-east of the country as well as its new coal-fired power stations that are being built in the south

and the west of the country will be better Making the announcement the Governor served by imported coal. of Nampula, Victor Borges, said that 2015 forecasts point to more than 2.3 million Karstel also notes that India’s coal import tons of coal being exported through volumes have increased at a compound Nacala-a-Velha, with the amount annual growth rate of 21% since 2008, expected to increase to up to 18 million which further highlights India’s sustained tons by 2017. reliance on coal for power generation purposes. Source: Radio Moçambique

“India, in the next five years, also plans to Kenmare Resources: unofficial add 62,000 MW of power generation industrial action at Moma Mine mostly from coal resources”, he adds. One of the biggest challenges facing On Wednesday (24 June) Kenmare mining companies in Mozambique is Resources announced that unofficial ensuring that effective logistics industrial action had commenced at its programmes are put in place. Moma Titanium Minerals Mine (“the Mine”) in Mozambique. A group of “The country’s rail infrastructure is employees initiated this unofficial underdeveloped and very expensive. The industrial action and operations have government must find ways to make it been impacted, with production cheaper”, emphasises Karstel. Moreover, temporarily suspended at the Mine. he points out that government has to continue working with mining companies By way of background, Kenmare initiated to improve railway networks to ensure that a process for retrenchment during the first product can be efficiently railed to ports quarter of this year (2015). After tripartite for exportation. discussions with the Ministry of Labour, the union and management, an “With regards to the gas sector, agreement was reached for reductions in government has to finalise its policies to shift allowances, a change in work ensure certainty for companies. “This will patterns and retrenchment of 162 people, enable companies to raise capital, thereby representing a significant reduction in the enabling faster development of projects, workforce retrenched as compared to an which will create many job opportunities originally proposed retrenchment of 350 and alleviate poverty levels in the people. The reductions in shift allowances country”, states Karstel. are being implemented on a graduated basis through the course of 2015, with a Source: Creamer Media’s Mining Weekly portion to be effected in June.

Moatize coal to flow through Nacala Moma management, employee port representatives and officials from the Ministry of Labour are working towards a As from July, coal from the Moatize swift resolution of this unofficial industrial mining complex, in Tete Province, will be action. The Ministry of Mineral Resources exported via the Nacala-a-Velha port and Energy had also been informed of the terminal in Nampula Province. situation.

Speaking to reporters, Michael Carvill, the company at the end of April, valuing it Kenmare’s managing director, said that: “I at about £189 million. am hopeful that it will be resolved in a couple of days. Every strike we have ever Kenmare recorded a loss after tax of had has been resolved in a couple of US$100.8 million (€90.7 million) and days”. “With that said, strikes are strikes revenues of US$174.3 million in 2014. and there is more than one party The company also recently announced a involved”. restructuring of its debt that will see lenders provide up to US$50 million in He added: “I can understand that people additional funding. feel disquieted when they see the impact of the falling mineral prices, but an Source: Kenmare Resources plc/The Irish agreement was reached between parties Independent and we haven’t diverged from that. The strike is not a union-mandated strike”. Metals of Africa discovers high grade graphite at Montepuez He said he was unsure of the number of workers who have taken part in the action. Metals of Africa Limited has released The company said it’s employee results from its ongoing resource representatives and officials from the definition drilling programme at the Labour Ministry in Mozambique are now Montepuez central graphite project in working towards resolving the action. Mozambique.

It marks another issue at the Moma mine The drilling programme indicated high for Kenmare this year, following on from grade graphite mineralisation intersection the decision it took in April to temporarily and confirmed three mineralised repatriate South African workers at the prospects within the project-Buffalo, mine amid unrest in South Africa Elephant and Lion prospects. concerning foreign workers. The Company reported that recent Kenmare said at the time that it had made laboratory results from the Buffalo the decision to repatriate the workers, prospect yielded high grade graphite from who represented 62 of the 1,391-strong surface to 50 metres at 9.86% Total Graphitic Content and 0.11 vanadium with workforce at the mine, amid unrest in South Africa regarding foreign workers open mineralisation and visible at depth. which has created a reciprocal unrest Drilling results from the Elephant prospect concerning South Africans working in indicated visual high grade graphite Mozambique. estimated at 5% to 15% Total Graphitic Shares in Kenmare dropped by more than Content from 8.7 metres to 93.0 metres. 5p on Wednesday (24 June) on the back All three prospects host different of the announcement to trade at about mineralisation characteristics which allows 3.7p on the London stock exchange. potential for multiple graphite products and end uses. Kenmare received a watered-down share offer from Australia’s Iluka Resources for Drilling at Elephant prospect indicated spectacular jumbo flakes. The Company

expects the drilling programme to be concession and can be renewed for a completed in August 2015, with the further 25 years. Maiden JORC Resource Estimate set to commence afterwards. According to Syrah, all key approvals have now been granted, including the Cherie Leeden, Managing Director of mining concession, water licence and Metals of Africa, commented: “We environmental licence. continue to receive very encouraging laboratory results, with several more Syrah’s Managing Director, Tolga batches expected to be received over the Kumova, stated that: “we would like to coming months. Our most recent lab acknowledge the efforts of the staff within results have confirmed 50 meters of high the Ministry of Land, Environment and grade and large flake graphite, grading at Rural Development for their efforts in 9.6% TGC from the surface at the Buffalo reviewing and supporting Syrah’s Land prospect. Our results also indicate that the Access application”. Lion prospect is likely to be of economic interest. Currently the diamond drill-rig is He added that: “the awarding of all the drilling at our Elephant prospect where the key regulatory licenses has been the last hole intersected sensational looking culmination of over two years of detailed graphite from eight metres to 93 metres. studies and proactive engagement with These intersections are exactly what we the Mozambican government and are targeting and drilling will continue over community”. the next few months with the aim of deriving adequate data to define our Balama holds a world-class deposit of maiden JORC resource”. graphite, along with vanadium. Analysts expect the demand for graphite to Metals of Africa Limited is an ASX listed increase in line with the development of graphite and zinc development company electric vehicles and other battery-reliant with operations in Mozambique, Tanzania devices. and Gabon. Graphite is a form of carbon that is highly Source: African Mining valued due to its properties as a conductor of electricity. It is used in DUAT: Syrah Resources receives key batteries and fuel cells and is the basis for Land Access Licence for Balama the “miracle material” graphene, which is project the strongest material ever measured, with vast potential for use in the The Australian based mining company electronics industries. Graphite is also Syrah Resources has announced that it used for high quality steel production. has received the legal title to the land (DUAT) for its Balama graphite and Source: Agencia de Informacao de vanadium project in the northern province Moçambique of Cabo Delgado.

The DUAT grants the titleholder the right of land use for the duration of the mining

Mozambican rubies raise almost US$30 Gems. Gemfields did not announce how million in fourth Singapore auction much Veeresak had paid for them.

On Monday (22 June) the London-based To mark this sale, Montepuez Rubi Mining company Gemfields announced that its has pledged to support the Niassa Lion fourth auction of rubies, mined in the Project. This is a project aimed at northern Mozambican district of conserving lions, wild dogs and elephants Montepuez, raised total revenue of in the Niassa National Reserve in the far US$29.3 million. north of the country.

According to a Gemfields press release, Gemfields holds 75% of the shares in the auction took place in Singapore Monrepuez Rubi Mining. The other 25% is between 16 and 21 June. Stones owned by the Mozambican company described as “high quality” rubies, mined Mwiriti. by the Gemfields Mozambican subsidiary, Montepuez Rubi Mining Ltd, were offered Gemfields claims that it is the world’s for auction. largest supplier of “responsibly extracted coloured gems”. 47,451 carats of rubies were sold, at an average price of US$617 per carat. Source: Agencia de Informacao de Gemfields says this is in line with the Moçambique sums obtained at previous auctions of high quality Mozambican gems. 46 Lichinga Catholic University debates companies from across the globe made ‘Changes and Challenges’ in bids for the rubies. Mozambican Mining Law

Gemfields has pledged that the entire The Lichinga branch of the Catholic sum raised at this auction will be University of Mozambique (UCM) recently repatriated to Mozambique, and all taxes presented a lecture entitled ‘The Legal owing to the Mozambican state will be Framework for Mining in Mozambique - paid. Changes and Challenges’, as part of its Master in Administrative Law. The Gemfields Chief Executive Officer, Ian Harebottle, declared that: “we are The lecture was organised by the co- happy with the results of this fourth ordinator of the Local Development auction of Mozambican rubies from Research Centre, Mendita Ugembe, and Montepuez. The demand for coloured Paula Silveira, the professor in charge of precious stones remains very healthy, and the Energy Law Module in the Masters of Administrative Law, presided as the main the prices reached are in line with our expectations, compared with the previous speaker of the event. The focus of the auctions of high quality stones”. discussion was to understand the new Mining Law of Mozambique, Law No. One of the highlights of the auction was 20/2014 of 18 August, repealing Law No. the sale of a spectacular pair of rubies, 14/2002 of 26 January. which had been named “Dragon’s Eyes”. Weighing a total of 45 carats, purchased Silveira began by stressing the by a prominent Thai company, Veerasek importance of the issue for Niassa

Province in particular, since studies point of specific rules for fair compensation and to the potential existence of a variety of resettlement. minerals in the province such as coal, gold, marble, precious and semi-precious Then the speaker gave the floor to the stones. She then went on to discuss the audience, composed of guests, treatment of legal issues relating to mining employees and representatives of the exploitation. local unit of the Mozambique Tax Authority, the Niassa Provincial First, with regard to the ownership of the Directorate of Mineral Resources and resources, she said that under the new Energy. The discussion centred on the Mining Act the mineral resources in the information presented and the challenges soil and subsoil, inland bodies of water, of implementing the new Mining Law. territorial seas, the continental shelf and the exclusive economic zone, are the At the end of the lecture, the Director of property of the State. This means that, the Lichinga UCM Extension, Dr. André under the Constitution of the Republic of Felipe Angst, thanked the speaker, Mozambique, the mineral deposits are remarking that the issue under discussion public property, and are therefore was of great importance and that the imprescriptible, inalienable and un- UCM would promote a “scientific research attachable. journey” into the legal aspects of mining, encouraging UCM Law School graduate However, this does not mean that legally students to undertake further research created forms cannot exist to allow for the into the matter. economic exploitation of these resources: these forms being mining titles such as Source: UCM Prospecting and Research Licenses; Mining Concessions; Mining Certificates; Eskom accident reduces transmission Mining Passes; Miner’s Treatment of Cahora Bassa power Licenses; Miner’s Processing Licenses On Wednesday morning (24 June) the and Miner’s Products Trading Licenses. South African electricity company Eskom Accordingly, once in possession of the suffered a serious breakdown at its Apollo appropriate title, a private entity will be sub-station, which receives electricity from able to explore, enjoy and dispose of the the Cahora Bassa dam in Mozambique’s fruits from that sector which, however, Tete Province. always remain in State ownership. Moises Machava, the technical director of After explaining the structure of the HCB, the company that operates Cahora regime, Silveira sought to emphasise two Bassa, told reporters that there was an points of the new law which, in her explosion in an Eskom transformer which opinion, mark a new approach to mining knocked out the number five converter in Mozambique. First, the strengthening of bridge at Apollo. The bridge has three the dominant position of the State that can transformers, but if one ceases to be observed in a series of articles within operate, the whole converter bridge can the Mining Law; and second, the no longer function. strengthening of the rights of local communities, evidenced by the adoption

The immediate result of this was to switch She was speaking on Tuesday (23 June) off Cahora Bassa’s pole one. No damage at the first fair on renewable energy, was done to the Cahora Bassa organised by the Ministry in partnership equipment, Machava said, but it could no with the Maputo Municipal Council, as longer supply the Apollo sub-station with part of the celebrations of the 40th about 900 MW of power. anniversary of Mozambican independence on 25 June 1975. That situation lasted for about an hour, and must have worsened the chronic The fair is intended to show the potential power cuts which South Africa has been of renewable energies, with displays of suffering due to Eskom’s inability to meet photovoltaic systems, solar panels and current demand. other technologies that produce energy in a sustainable manner. When Cahora Bassa was up and running again, it could supply Apollo with 700 MW. Mataveia said that the country has, in The damage to the converter bridge recent years, been banking on renewable meant that it was impossible to send the sources of energy to overcome the full 900 MW down the transmission line. country’s electricity deficit, since it is quite impossible to hook up every remote Machava said that HCB was sending the locality to the national electricity grid other 200 MW to South Africa via based on the Cahora Bassa dam on the Zimbabwe. This is a much longer route Zambezi River. and there will inevitably be more transmission losses. Such accidents at “We are electrifying rural areas that are a Apollo are not frequent, but they do long way from the national grid”, she said. happen several times a year. Machava “We have been prioritising solar panels to said that, when the Apollo sub-station was provide electricity for social infrastructures overhauled, not all the transformers were such as schools and hospitals”. rehabilitated. HCB is not making the same mistake – the rehabilitation of the HCB Before the installation of the solar panels sub-station at the dam town of Songo, there were certain health units which includes the rehabilitation of all the could not offer care which depended on transformers. the availability of electricity. But once the solar panels were in place the range of Source: Agencia de Informacao de care provided by these health units MoçambiqueRenewable energy reaches 4.5 expanded greatly. million Mozambicans The government, Mataveia added, is New and renewable sources of energy committed to the mass use of renewable currently benefit approximately 4.5 million energies, and believes they have a key Mozambican consumers, which is 18.5% role to play in the socio-economic of the total population, according to the development of Mozambique. A range of deputy national director of renewable policy documents have been approved – energy, in the Ministry of Mineral including the Policy and Strategy on the Resources and Energy, Marcelina Development of New and Renewable Mataveia. Energies; the Biofuel Policy and Strategy;

and the Strategy for the Conservation and Business group from Mozambique Sustainable Use of Renewable Energies. plans to grow soybeans

This policy framework, Mataveia said, is The Mozambique Agriculture Company intended to create a favourable (Mozaco), a company of the João Ferreira environment for the development of new dos Santos group, has requested the and renewable energies. The ministry, government to grant it 2,000 acres in the she added, will continue electrification Malema district of Nampula, for soybean based on renewable sources of power. cultivation, said the managing director of She believed that they are having an the company. enormous impact on the quality of life, particularly in areas that cannot yet be Manuel Delgado said that the request reached by the national grid. stems from the development process carried out on a plot of 280 hectares Source: Agencia de Informacao de having shown that Malema has Moçambique appropriate land and climate conditions for farming soybeans. General Electric establishes an office in Mozambique According to reports, Delgado told the provincial governor of Nampula, Victor Last Thursday (18 June) North American Borges, who a few days ago visited the General Electric (GE) opened its office in company, that last year (2014) Mozaco Maputo at a ceremony marking a decisive produced a crop of 500 tons of soybeans step in the company’s commitment to and another 40 tons on another 20- bringing technology and equipment into hectare plot of land. Mozambique. Soybean production has increased in The opening of GE’s first office in Mozambique, particularly in the provinces Mozambique coincided with the visit of a of the centre and north of the country, due business delegation from the USA, made to the incentives granted by the up of managers from 14 companies and government and its partners. led by US Transport Minister, Anthony Foxx. These incentives include provision of improved seeds to farmers, which has led According to GE, the discovery of the to an immediate increase in soy huge coal reserves in Mozambique production in the provinces where it is boosted the country’s railway industry farmed. which now aims to expand its operations not only in the mining sector services, but The Ministry of Agriculture and Food in other national development key Security said that since the beginning of segments as well. GE stated that it is soybean production (2003/2004) the committed to supporting the average yield per hectare increased by modernisation and resumption of the 100%, from 500 kilograms to 1,000 railway system for Mozambique’s kilograms. development. Source: Macauhub Source: Notícias

Turkish company to build cement currently investing in are Egypt, Pakistan, factory in Maputo area Saudi Arabia, Albania and Macedonia.

The Turkish company Limak Holding has Source: Agencia de Informacao de promised to invest US$150 million in a Moçambique cement factory in Mozambique that will have the capacity to produce two million Cimpor invests more than US$250 tons of cement per year. million in new cement plant in Nacala

Speaking in Maputo on Monday (22 On Wednesday (24 June) Cimentos de June), at a meeting with the Mozambican Mozambique, owned by Cimpor, Minister of Industry and Trade, Max announced that they intend to invest Tonela, the founder and chairperson of US$250 million in a new integrated Limak Holding, Nihat Ozdemir, said that cement plant in Nacala. his company could guarantee at least 500 jobs in the first phase of the factory, to be The new unit, which will join five others built in the Maputo area. the company already owns in Mozambique, is scheduled to be That phase will involve investment of operational by 2018, with production US$38 million in the first quarter of 2016 capacity of 1.5 million tons per year. The in a complete production line. The factory new unit is expected to create over 500 could then produce 600,000 tons of jobs, said Jorge Reis, director general of cement a year. A second phase will see Cimentos de Mozambique. rail lines built as the main form of access to the factory. Ozdemir added that the According to the company, the Nampula factory’s production capacity would then factory provides for complete cement be more than trebled. production, thereby reducing cement imports (totalling up to approximately Ozdemir said that Limak is also interested US$100 million per year), and lower the in entering the Mozambican energy final cost to the consumer. sector, and later intends to assess the viability of investment in ports, railways Cimentos de Mozambique is majority- and tourism. owned by Cimpor. Cimpor, together with its subsidiary in South Africa, Natal Tonela thanked Ozdemir for the decision Portland, forms part of the Intercement to invest in Mozambique. “Our role as a Group. government is that of a facilitator”, he said. “You can rely on our support for Intercement is the world’s eighth largest cement producer, and market leader in implementing your initiative in Mozambique, particularly in cement Mozambique, Portugal, Argentina and production, since currently our country is Cape Verde. a net importer of cement”. In Mozambique, the company currently Inside Turkey, Limak has major interests produces 3.1 million tons of cement per in construction, cement, electricity and year, with a fully operational factory in tourism. Among the other countries it is Matola (Maputo Province) and four grinding units: one in Matola, two in

Nacala and one in Dondo (Sofala A further problem, Savana claims, was Province). In total, the company currently the fees charged by Maputo airport, which employs 1,200 people. the airlines pass on to their passengers. This, however, should affect all airlines – Over the past three years, the company and it does not stop Kenya Airways from has invested over US$100 million in offering what are currently the cheapest Mozambique, not including the most flights between Maputo and London, at recent investment. £482 (US$783) for a return ticket, changing planes in Nairobi. Source: RTP Notícias Savana argues that, according to the Qatar Airways suspends Maputo paper’s sources, Qatar Airways on flights several occasions queried the high fees charged by Maputo airport, but never Qatar Airways has suspended its received a satisfactory answer. scheduled flights between Maputo and Doha until mid-August. A further problem cited by the paper is the quality of the Maputo runway, which was A laconic note on the Qatar Airways not rehabilitated at the same time as new website stated that the flights have been terminals were built. Twice Qatar Airways cancelled “for operational reasons” planes suffered burst tyres at Maputo, between 1 May and 19 August. blamed on the state of the runway. Qatar Airways flew the route three times a Rehabilitating the runway is the third week. The first flight from Doha landed at stage of the modernisation of the airport, Maputo International Airport on 31 and the French government and the October 2012, and was greeted by European Investment Bank (EIB) are several high ranking officials, including the among those who have pledged to then transport minister, Paulo Zucula. finance this work. The flight went via Johannesburg (South When contacted by Savana, the Qatar Africa). Now a flight with the same Airways representative in Maputo said he number flies between Johannesburg and had no authorisation from Doha to speak Doha, with no extension to Maputo. to the press. According to a report, among the reasons The Mozambican Airport Company (ADM) Qatar Airways cancelled the route was denied that the state of the runway had that too few people boarded the plane in anything to do with the Qatar Airways Maputo. Independent weekly Savana puts decision, and claimed that the flights to the average number of passengers at 60. Doha would resume within a month. But Qatar Airways always knew that there The “within a month” is optimistic. But would not be hundreds of people boarding when reporters tried to book a Maputo- the flights in Maputo. That is why the Doha flight, they found that Qatar Airways plane stopped in Johannesburg, where it will indeed restore its direct flights, using a took on most of its passengers. Boeing 787 “Dreamliner”, after 19 August.

Source: Agencia de Informacao de Although Mozambique’s economy is Moçambique reliant on fuel, gas and mining, tourism is showing a strong improvement. SAA increases Maputo flights SAA’s service makes travel convenient, South African Airways (SAA), has affordable and fairly quick. It takes no celebrated almost eight decades of flying more than 50 minutes to fly from to Maputo. Johannesburg to Maputo.

“Maputo is a star in our African route Jane Flood, who conducts walking tours network and, in keeping with the strategic in Maputo, told reporters that: “Maputo is objectives of our long-term turnaround safe and, as much as we do not have that strategy, we are focused on maintaining a many tourists here at the moment, as they commercially sustainable African route mostly prefer to go to the islands, those network, and on further expanding those we get enjoy the programme we have for star-performing African routes”, says Nico them”. Bezuidenhout, SAA acting chief executive. She said that walking tour groups were most interested in the architecture of the From humble beginnings, the route has city. shown considerable growth. Frequencies were increased late last year and SAA “Among other attractions are now serves Maputo with three flights a Independence Square, (former) president day (21 a week) on A319 aircraft. Samora Machel’s City Hall, the Roman Catholic Church, CFM Station, the fresh “SAA will continue to support and expand produce market, the money museum and this route, as Maputo is one of the most others”. According to the Forbes report, popular in its network serving Southern by 2020 4.5 million people will be visit African Development Community (SADC) Maputo a year. countries. South Africa and Mozambique enjoy a strong trade and social ties, and “There is infrastructure here which should Mozambique is South Africa’s top trading be taken advantage of, and there is partner in Africa”, said Bezuidenhout. potential growth. Luckily the new government is working on a new tourism SAA introduced flights to Maputo in 1937, strategy and we can only get better”, said when it began flying to what was then Flood. Lourenco Marques with an experimental flight on 18 July, 1937, using an Airspeed This can only benefit the likes of SAA in Envoy, which connected with the Imperial the long term. Airways Flying Boat en route from London to Durban, picking up air mail. The service The airline’s country manager in used the Junkers Ju 86 from 5 May, 1938. Mozambique, Lorino Rodrigues, said that: After the war De Havilland Doves were “There is great potential here for tourism. used on this service. Our operating revenue, passenger numbers and flying frequency have all gone up. The basics for good business are there, but more work needs to be

done. Develop the tourism potential, then “We’ve seen our juices, long-life milk and you’ll see how it brings in more people, yoghurts become popular in Mozambique. more traffic and revenue will improve for There’s quite a big range that we’re the better”, he said. sending out, and we’ll continue to explore new markets for our products”. According to the African Development Bank, Mozambique’s real GDP posted Coetzee said that the company had robust growth in 2013 of 7%, although shelved exports to South Africa due to the lower-than-expected, due to severe firming of the greenback against the rand, floods. Growth was projected at 8.5% in which has made local products 2014 and 8.2% this year (2015). uncompetitive across the Limpopo.

Source: Pretoria News Increased production for the Kwekwe based dairy firm has reduced its prices by Zimbabwean Dendairy launches in up to 15%, which has improved the firm’s Mozambique competitiveness against foreign imports mainly coming from South Africa. Kwekwe-based Zimbabwean milk processor, Dendairy Limited, has initiated Coetzee said that going forward the exports to Mozambique, where it hopes to company would be investing in capture a large market share and has introducing a new range of products onto further plans for expansion in Zambia. the market in the next six months. Riding on the back of a 25% levy, introduced by the government to curb the Following the company’s commissioning influx of dairy imports, Dendairy has of two new Tetra Pak A1 for Tetra Fino witnessed tremendous growth in the last Aseptic (TFA) plant, a packaging machine six months, with output increasing by for production of dairy products for long- 35%. life shelf milk, the company has introduced 100 and 200 millilitre (ml) Dendairy managing director, Darren sachets, which have been targeted mainly Coetzee, says that the company has for the hospitality industry. exported long-life shelf milk, yoghurt, among other products to the country’s Source: Commercial Farmers Union of eastern neighbour. Zimbabwe

“We’ve seen growth in the last six months, Government to build 7,000 houses by due to the fact that the government put December levies on milk imports. We’ve benefited immensely from it and at the moment In line with its 2015-2019 Five-Year we’re increasing exports to Mozambique”, Programme, the government will build he said. 7,000 low-cost houses by December 2015, deputy minister of housing and “We’ve already exported two batches of water resources, João Osvaldo Machatine our products and we’ve had a good announced on Thursday (18 June). response. Soon we’ll be looking at exporting into Zambia as well. Speaking at the opening of the seventh meeting of the Mozambique Fund for

Housing Development, Machatine said According to Saíde, the project is that the government also expects to currently in its final stages and all that demarcate no fewer than 200,500 plots of remains to be done is to build the various land over the next five years, and bridges and viaducts. construct 350,000 residential homes in all regions across the country. The project includes the construction of a 74 kilometre road, 52 kilometres of which “We hope that this meeting will result in were built from scratch. concrete resolutions addressing all the constraints around access to houses, Despite the delay, the Council of Ministers particularly in relation to price and access concluded that the various projects being to finance”, said the deputy minister. carried out by the Maputo South Development Company, particularly the Machatine acknowledged that the project ring road and the Maputo-Catembe had been delayed somewhat due to the Bridge, are continuing at a satisfactory debate and subsequent approval of the pace. State Budget and Economic and Social Plan in Parliament, but reiterated his Source: Canal de Moçambique/Notícias intention of bringing it to completion, Moçambique urging all those involved to work towards the project’s fulfilment. Independence celebrations: construction of Machava Stadium goes Source: Lusa over budget

Maputo Ring Road to be completed in The refurbishment of the Machava December 2015 Stadium, which hosted the celebrations of the 40th anniversary of national The Maputo Ring Road will only be independence, has cost the country more complete in December 2015, despite the than the budgeted MT30 million (roughly fact that it was originally scheduled for US$857,142). completion in December 2014, after the project began in early 2012. According to Sancho Quipiço, the executive director of Mozambique This announcement was made on Railways (CFM), the refurbishments have Tuesday (23 June) by Cabinet already exceeded the budgeted amount, spokesperson, Mouzinho Saíde, at the however, it is not yet known by how much. end of another working session. Source: O País To allow for the extension of the project, the government applied for a loan from the Exim Bank of China.

POLITICS

Renamo still not giving the list of its has refused to provide it. Instead it has militia – Nyusi demanded a share-out of senior military and police positions, with Renamo On Thursday (18 June) residents of the appointing half of all the commanding town of Montepuez told President Filipe officers - a demand which has no basis Nyusi that: “we don't want to go back to at all in the 5 September agreement. war again, because war only brings poverty and sorrow to our families”. Nyusi said that the government is still waiting for the list. He recognised that The message was conveyed at a rally some of the Renamo militia would be addressed by the president, as he too old, or physically unfit, to join the continued his working visit to the army or the police. In such cases they northern province of Cabo Delgado. would return to civilian life, but would be guaranteed a military pension. One of those who spoke at the event expressed concern that the main Referring to the visits to the provinces opposition party, the former rebel made by Dhlakama and other Renamo movement Renamo, still keeps a force leaders, Nyusi told the crowd “since they of armed men in the bush. habitually come here and meet with people, the next time they show up, ask In response, Nyusi said that the them to give me the list”. government was still waiting for Renamo to deliver a list of the members of its He said that the Renamo gunmen militia, so that they could be integrated should not be condemned to spend the into the armed forces (FADM) and the rest of their lives in the bush, when they police of the Republic of Mozambique had a duty to look after their families, (PRM). and to return to a productive life. “It is enough for them to give us the list and This is unfinished business from the then we shall help them”, he added. agreement of 5 September last year “That is our duty, for I am the President (2014) on the cessation of military of all Mozambicans”. hostilities, signed by Nyusi’s predecessor, Armando Guebuza and Later that day, Nyusi asked for Renamo leader Afonso Dhlakama. The suggestions from academics on how agreement envisaged the disarming and effective peace can be guaranteed in dismantling of the Renamo militia, with Mozambique, when he met with its members recruited into the FADM teachers, students and administrators of and the police, or reintegrated into the Montepuez delegation of the civilian life. Pedagogic University. The Pedagogic University, responsible for higher level But that was entirely dependent on teacher training, is now the largest Renamo handing over the list of its men, university in the country. which it has refused to do. For nine months the government has asked for The President asked his audience to the list, and for nine months Renamo come up with proposals that would

encourage peace and better co- was not the responsibility of higher existence among Mozambicans. He also education to correct this deficit. wanted to hear their suggestions about how to improve the Mozambican Silvestre Jafar, of the Philosophy education system, which has recently Department, said that, for effective come under fire for its poor quality. peace, all of society, including those regarded as “enemies”, had to be This meeting with students and involved. academics, he added, was part of his principle of “inclusive and participatory “Peace is not a matter just for the governance”. government, but for all Mozambican citizens”, he said. “I must be at peace. “I want to free you from lamentations, The others must be at peace. murmurings and suppositions, so that it Everybody must be at peace. Peace is you yourselves who say what we shouldn’t be for just one group. This should do to live in peace”, said Nyusi. means we have to think more about a “You are part of a class with the permanent dialogue. It must be a capacity to judge what should be done, dialogue that brings results, and then we and in a sustainable manner”. shall promote effective peace”.

Accepting the president’s invitation, Nyusi took the opportunity to explain Erasmo Elias, a fourth year student from what he meant by his frequently cited the Educational Psychology department, phrase “in my heart there is room for all stressed that the government had to Mozambicans”. ensure improved living conditions. “I mean that all the concerns of the other To guarantee peace in society, “I must parties should be solved”, he said. “It be at peace, and so must my means that there is a place for all neighbours, my family and the entire thoughts, so that we can discuss various community”, he said. “As long as I do aspects of our lives”. not have basic living conditions, I will not be at peace”. Source: Agencia de Informacao de Moçambique João Maurício, a professor of the Education and Psychology Department, Prime Minister meets US transport said “new techniques” were required “to secretary improve the productivity” of the dialogue between the government ad Renamo. The United States Secretary for Transportation, Antony Foxx, told As for the quality of education, Mauricio reporters in Maputo on Friday (19 June) said that the problem lay with primary that the US is interested in exporting schools which are the source of the “raw opportunities for investment in material” for the subsequent levels. Mozambican infrastructure. “What we have found is that often students come here with difficulties in He was speaking after an audience with reading and writing”, he added - and it Prime Minister Carlos Agostinho do Rosario. Foxx was visiting Mozambique

at the head of a delegation of 14 describing its degraded condition as a companies, mostly in the areas of result of mismanaged and failure to transport, energy and agriculture. exercise power by the local authorities.

“Many of the companies who have come He was speaking during an with me have a great deal of experience unannounced visit to the school. Nyusi in the area of infrastructure”, he said, decided to visit the school after hearing and thus the sector was discussed in denunciations of the situation by Chiure detail between the two politicians. residents at a rally he addressed on Friday morning. “We had a very productive meeting with the Prime Minister and we discussed A man named Benjamim Benedito, how to create jobs and economic speaking on behalf of the residents, opportunities”, said Foxx, expressed concern at “the decayed state of the roof of the Secondary This was the first ever trade mission School, which led to the closure of the sent by the US government to school’s boarding home”. Mozambique, and is part of the initiative “Doing Business in Africa” of US A few hours later, Nyusi was at the President Barack Obama, which has the school, and found that the large building central objective of promoting contacts was under a leafy tree which had not between US companies and African been pruned. As a result branches were partners. Later in the day, the US damaging the roof, which threatened to Assistant Secretary of Commerce for collapse at any moment. Global Markets, Arun Kumar, officially inaugurated the US trade offices in Nyusi also found there was grass Maputo. growing on the roof, quite visibly. Yet the school director and the Chiure “Through these offices, and in district authorities seemed indifferent to partnership with our team of the damage. professionals, we intend to respond to those who desire commercial co- Nyusi turned to the district administrator operation with Mozambique, and to and the school director and told them increase our volume of investment to “You are murdering the school. Here satisfy the market”, said Kumar. power is not exercised”.

Source: Agencia de Informacao de “How do you exercise power?” he Moçambique asked, and immediately answered his own question, “By solving the concerns Nyusi criticises ‘failure to exercise of the people”. power’ At the end of his visit to Chiure, Nyusi On Friday (19 June) President Filipe told reporters that he regarded the Nyusi expressed his frustration and incident as evidence that the people are anger at the decay of the Secondary indeed participating in governance. School in the town of Chiure, in the northern province of Cabo Delgado,

That the local people had invited him to should be presenting solutions, rather visit the school, in their presence, was than simply criticising the government. irrefutable evidence that they trust the government to solve their problems. At the start of the meeting, the Chairperson of the Cabo Delgado “What we see here is that the school Business Council, Chabane Combo, requires rehabilitation or reconstruction read out a message listing a series of in some aspects”, he said. “The other problems that the business community question is the lack of maintenance. As would like to see solved by the you saw, there is grass on the roof, and government. it prevents water from running off, and so naturally the water becomes He wanted to see greater speed from stagnant”. government institutions in such matters as the issuing of environmental licences, The situation inside the classrooms was and in Value Added Tax (VAT) rebates. also chaotic, with desks scattered He called for greater opportunities for around in a disorderly fashion, even in Mozambican businesses in the foreign those rooms where there was no sign of investment mega-projects, and an infiltration by water. increase in their local content.

School director Saíde Abubacar said “We are not asking for any protectionism that the school caters for 2,095 pupils, – we are asking for more inclusion and studying 8th to 10th grades, and a more opportunities”, he said. He did not further 250 night students. He admitted want to hear any more officials claiming that seven dormitories have been that Cabo Delgado businesses “have no transformed into classrooms, because capacity”. of the serious degradation in the condition of the real classrooms. Controversially, he wanted the government to authorise the export of Source: Agencia de Informacao de unprocessed logs. He claimed the policy Moçambique of prioritising the export of processed timber “is not benefitting local Nyusi urges private businesses to be businesses, because the exporters “part of the solution and not part of prefer logs. When they can’t buy them in the problem” Mozambique, they abandon the Mozambican market in favour of On Saturday (20 June) President Filipe neighbouring countries”. Nyusi urged the country’s private businesses to be “part of the solution “National operators make little use of and not part of the problem”. sawn wood”, he said. “We have sawmills that are closed because there Speaking to representatives of the is no market for their products”. business community of the northern province of Cabo Delgado, at a meeting The message also complained of the in the provincial capital, Pemba, Nyusi lengthy delays by state institutions in said that Mozambican business people paying invoices. For many businesses, the State is their largest client, and

when state bodies fail to pay-up on time, He was sceptical about Combo’s timber it has a serious domino effect, claims, which contrasted with what he compromising the ability of the had heard two days earlier, in companies to pay their own bills, Montepuez district, where people at a including taxes. rally had complained that unprocessed logs were being packed into containers “Some sectors of the government for export. He also doubted that foreign should understand that paying invoices importers were really rejecting is not a favour, but a duty”, stressed processed Mozambican timber. Combo. The matter deserved further The businesses also urged the investigation, Nyusi said. He told the government to revive coastal shipping ensuing press conference that a services, because of the huge transport government team will visit the province costs of moving all merchandise and and meet with local businesses, to find raw materials by road. Building anything solutions to the problems raised. in Pemba is extremely expensive, they said, because all the construction At a rally in Pemba, marking the end of materials come from outside the his visit to Cabo Delgado, he invited province and by road, whereas it would members of his government to explain be much cheaper to move it up the the projects under way that would coast by boat. improve life in the province.

Although Nyusi recognised that some of The Minister of Mineral Resources and the concerns presented by the Energy, Pedro Couto, recalled the businesses depend on interventions by energy crisis that had hit the entire the government in its role as “facilitator”, province at the beginning of the year. he urged the business community to This was because a massive flood on adopt a new attitude. “The private sector the Licungo River (Zambézia Province), should help solve problems”, he on 12 January, had swept away 10 stressed. pylons on the only transmission line supplying energy to the north of the “I would like to suggest that you be more country. All of Nampula, Niassa and aggressive and stop painting yourselves Cabo Delgado provinces and the as victims”, he said. “Otherwise we shall northern districts of Zambézia were not evolve”. deprived of electricity for a month.

Nyusi also did not like his audience’s “We made provisional repairs”, said constant reference to “we in Cabo Couto, adding that a definitive Delgado”, regarding this as a narrow, restoration of the transmission line is parochial vision. “You can’t think of underway and should be completed by yourselves just as business people of October, before the start of the next Cabo Delgado, since you can also carry rainy season. out your activities elsewhere, and some people have already begun doing that”, He admitted that the country is running he said. out of power, because the main source

of electricity, the Cahora Bassa dam on “This is very important, because here in the Zambezi River, has reached its limit. Cabo Delgado we only talk about gas, gas and gas, when we have many other It was therefore urgent to generate more riches that we can exploit”, said Mitha. power for Cabo Delgado. The publicly- owned electricity company, EdM, “will Among the industries the government is start building a new power station in promoting, he said, is a furniture factory Metoro district, with the capacity to in Mocimboa da Praia, the fruit of a produce 30 MW. It should be complete Mozambique-China partnership, and within two years”. two cement factories, in Pemba and Metuge. As for water supply, the Minister of Public Works, Carlos Bonete, said that Source: Agencia de Informacao de work is under way to increase the time Moçambique during which water is pumped to Pemba from six to eight hours a day. This Nametil asks Nyusi for depends on installing new equipment municipalisation and replacing the pipes carrying water from Metuge district to Pemba. Residents of Nametil, the district headquarters of Mogovolas (Nampula As from 2016, the government would Province) have expressed their desire to mobilise more funds to improve the see their village incorporated as a Pemba water supply through building a municipality, and have thus asked the second water main. Projects are also government to look into the possibility. under way to improve water supply in These residents believe that Nametil’s Mueda, Nangade, Montepuez and municipalisation could help fast-track Chiure districts. the village’s socio-economic development. “Over the next five years in the rural areas we shall continue to drill more and Their desire was expressed to President more boreholes until we have reached a Filipe Nyusi during a popular meeting satisfactory level of coverage”, said that he conducted in Nametil as part of Bonete. his recent working visit to Nampula.

The deputy minister of industry and According to data from the local trade, Omar Mitha, stressed that Cabo government, the Mogovolas district is Delgado’s potential for natural resources the largest contributor to the economy of and agriculture. He stressed the need to Nampula. Nampula’s economy is mainly boost local agro-industry to replace food supported by the production of cotton, imports. peanuts and cashew nuts - Mogovolas being the largest domestic producer. “We now have rice processing plants in Montepuez, and we shall replicate the Precious and semi-precious stones, cashew processing plants in Nangade wood and cattle are other economic and Chiure, and in other areas with contributors in the district. cashew potential, such as Mocimboa da Praia”, he said.

The village of Nametil is the main centre was saddened to find state buildings for business and commercial unfinished. Among them were the transactions between managers and official residence of the Gorongosa local economic operators, both regional district administrator, and the residence and national. of the Maringue district attorney. Both of these buildings should have been However, Nametil, with an estimated finished over two years ago. population of 90,000 inhabitants, still faces difficulties related to the supply of She said that she did not know why the drinking water, health care, roads contractors had abandoned these access and expansion of electricity works. She pointed out that the supply to residential neighbourhoods. government had paid 100% of the value of the agreed contracts. This led her to The residents of Nametil told Nyusi that suspect corruption, or theft, on the part the decentralisation of state powers to of the contractors. their administrative division of Nampula Province would be beneficial. “The She was also angered by the failure to villagers will be able to decide what to complete a dam on the Nhandare River. prioritise to foster local development and This should have been completed in how to actively participate in that May but, to date, only 50% of the work process”, they said in their message. has been done.

The president, who spoke about a new “I am worried about the state project of works, including expansion of infrastructures”, said Taipo. “What I the village health centre and the paving have seen and heard is not pleasant. of 72 kilometres of road linking Nametil The contractor received 100% of the to Nampula city, both scheduled to start money, but only 20% of the work has before the end of the year, promised a been done, and the building has been concrete answer from government in paralysed for years. So what’s going relation to the concerns presented by on?” the residents. As for the Nhandare dam, which is Source: Notícias intended to provide drinking water and water for irrigation in Gorongosa, Taipo Sofala governor angered by recommended that the work should be unfinished work completed by September at the latest.

The governor of the central Mozambican She promised “tough measures” against province of Sofala, Helena Taipo, has those who are defrauding the state. “We promised to investigate why have to find out who are the culprits for construction work, for which the work that is not finished”, Taipo said. government has paid, lies abandoned and unfinished across the province. Source: Agencia de Informacao de Moçambique Speaking to reporters at the end of a four day working visit to Gorongosa and Maringue districts, Taipo said that she

Ematum loan – “something went year grace period, and an interest rate wrong”: Luisa Diogo of LIBOR plus 6.5%. Yet the most optimistic forecast (from the Mozambique’s former Prime Minister, government) is that when the Ematum Luisa Diogo, has expressed serious fleet is fully operational, it will bring in concern at the level of the country’s revenue of only US$196 million a year. indebtedness, and particularly the government guarantee for the US$850 Diogo advised letting Maleiane find a million loan that Ematum took on the solution. “We cannot throw stones at the Eurobond market in 2013. solution he finds”, she said. “If he does find a solution, it’s because he studied it According to Diogo: “Something went with the government economic team. It’s wrong in the Ematum study, in the best solution they found so that the structuring the debt at such a high level, country continues to work. We have to because it’s not a small debt. There was give him room to find the best solutions”. a failure in structuring the debt”. There was no way of scrapping “This debt is very heavy, that’s the Ematum, since it was now part of the reality”, she added. “We saw the Mozambican economy. “The credibility Minister of Economy and Finance of that company, from the point of view (Adriano Maleiane) present the situation of paying the debt, (a debt guaranteed in Parliament. And, as economists, and by the state), is the credibility of the with the access to information that we state itself”, Diogo stressed. “So the have, we feel that the debt is heavy”. state must accept it”.

“When we accept a debt, we must Diogo, when she was Finance Minister, always bear in mind what are the was the head of the team negotiating sources for paying it, and when a private the cancellation of Mozambique’s company with public entities within it foreign debts, in the framework of the (Ematum is technically a private Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) company), brings a package for debt relief initiative, but she is now guarantees from the State, the afraid that those gains were now being sustainability of the State debt must be lost. analysed”, she said. “We must always pose the worst scenario, which is when “Once again, I am beginning to have the company is unable to pay. For a nightmares about the Mozambican company to pay a particular sum, it must debt”, she told reporters. She looked at be structured in a particular way, and the current situation “with a great deal of know how much it has to produce, if the concern and apprehension”. debt is to be paid”. “We are still some years away from the Diogo said that if, for example, a natural gas flowing (referring to the gas company has to pay US$200 million a fields in the Rovuma Basin in the north year in debt servicing “then it must of the country), but we already have a produce at least US$700 million to debt, and the debt service must be paid US$800 million”. The Ematum debt is to immediately”, she said. “What is in be repaid over seven years, with a two question here is the quality of the debt.

There are countries who can take on a In a letter obtained by Reuters, commercial debt, with a year of grace Maleiane clarifies that a debt and five years to repay. Mozambique ‘restructuring’ announced in Parliament still can’t. It can take a little debt under last week (12 to 19 June) was actually these conditions, but not much”. about the government cleaning up the accounting relating to the 2013 bond, “I think we have gone off-the-rails a bit”, and was not because it could not pay. she warned. “We have to use this term: we have derailed”. Source: Agencia de Informacao de Moçambique/Reuters She expressed her solidarity with Maleiane, and said she was confident Chissano urges the country to pay that he would find the best solutions to attention to agriculture see the country through the difficult years before the huge reserves of gas On Monday (22 June) former president come on stream. When the gas Joaquim Chissano stated that the revenues are available, Mozambique country must continue to make will be in a position to pay its debts “with agriculture and industry its number one greater composure”. priority as the drive for the economic development of the country. “But there are going to be difficult moments, particularly this year, which is Chissano argued that the discovery of not at all an easy year from the natural resources shouldn’t change this budgetary point of view”, Diogo said. approach, even though the new mineral resources discoveries may appear to be Commercial debt, rather than soft loans, facilities for development. is an act of economic agression, she stressed. “The country can’t stand it. “We have a very clear indication that When I say it can’t stand it, I’m not that agriculture will be the basis for saying it won’t pay. It ends up paying development and industry, the drive one way or another, but it will delay the towards that development, now a priority construction of classrooms and of health since the transition government”, said centres”. Chissano.

“The debt must be restructured”, Diogo Chissano added that above all, the stressed, “so that the country can government must give as much continue to invest correctly in the areas attention to human capital as possible, where it ought to invest”. so that ordinary people can become resource owners. On the same day, the In the meantime, Reuters reported this Ministry of Agriculture and Food week that Mozambique is standing-by Security announced that it expects a state guarantees given to international growth of 12% in food production for the investors behind a US$850-million bond current season 2014/15. In the last to finance a tuna-fishing fleet and season the production was registered at increased coastal security, Finance 18 million food products. Minister Adriano Maleiane said on Wednesday (24 June). Source: Xinhua

Principles on separation of party and institutions. These branches will not be state signed after two delays immediately dissolved since the declaration does not yet have the force On Monday (22 June) the delegations of of law. both Renamo and the government once again postponed the signing of the The Frelimo Central Committee Agreement on the Separation of Party Secretary for Mobilisation and and State. Propaganda, Damiao Jose, told reporters on Wednesday (24 June) that The agreement was originally scheduled Frelimo will wait to see what Parliament to be signed on Friday (19 June), after decides on the enforcement of the consensus was reached on 15 June. proposed agreement. However, the signing date was subsequently postponed to Monday and “Frelimo will wait until the agreement is again to Tuesday (23 June) for unknown discussed and analysed in the National reasons. Assembly”, Jose said. “Frelimo will comply with whatever decision is taken On Tuesday night the government and by the National Assembly. There will be Renamo signed in Maputo the no immediate action”. “Declaration of Principles” on the separation of political parties from the The proposed agreement bars public state. servants from undertaking party-political or religious activities in their workplace. The matter had been under discussion Public servants must refrain from party- for months in the weekly dialogue political activities during working hours. between the government and Renamo. Also magistrates, ambassadors and What was signed on Tuesday is much members of the defence and security the same as a document drawn up by forces are barred from political activities the Mozambican mediators in February. at all times. Renamo, however, added last minute demands which the government found The practice of deducting sums from unacceptable. public servants’ wages for political purposes must end. The proposed Renamo leader, Afonso Dhlakama, agreement seeks to outlaw deductions dropped these demands and, at a from wages “for any purposes except meeting of the Renamo National Council those envisaged by law”. in Beira earlier in the month, told the Renamo negotiating team to go ahead It is, in fact, already illegal to make and sign what was consensually agreed. political or trade union deductions from workers’ wages without their express The agreement states that political consent. But despite this legal parties may not have branches in public restriction, deductions have been made institutions, and may not use state- from wages, particularly of teachers, to owned premises for political party finance Frelimo. This has sometimes activities. The ruling Frelimo Party is the created scandals. Frelimo has formally only political party which admits to denied authorising the practice. having branches inside public

The proposed agreement states that general directors of the publicly-owned vacancies in the state apparatus must media. be advertised, and recruitment must be by tender rather than appointment. This In recent years the CSCS has been requirement covers the permanent supine and inactive, and certainly has secretaries in provincial and district not defended the interests of press governments, the heads of freedom. This may be about to change, administrative posts and presidents of since President Filipe Nyusi recently localities and villages. Tenders must appointed a prominent and critical also be held for the chairpersons of journalist, Tomas Vieira Mario, as the publicly owned companies, or chairperson of the CSCS. companies in which the state holds shares, and the chairpersons or general The declaration also proposes a managers of public institutes. commission to monitor the separation of parties from the state. This body will be All phases of the tenders must be set up by the National Assembly, and publicised, including the launch, the will consist of representatives of the presentation of candidates, the government, the parliamentary political reccomendation of the deciding body, parties, and civil society. and the final result. Renamo is enthusiastic about the The proposed agreement insists on proposed agreement, but the state recognition of “traditional government regards it as largely authorities”, and that chiefs must come irrelevant. The head of the government from “the family lineage”. In other words, delegation to the dialogue, Agriculture despite Renamo’s claim to champion Minister José Pacheco, said it was “a democracy, it has succeeded in redundant document, since its content is imposing hereditary chieftainships on expressed in several laws that are the Mozambican rural population. already in force in the country”. He cited as examples of these laws the General The document also proposes revising Statute of State Functionaries and the powers and attributes of the Agents, and the Law on Public Probity Supreme Mass Media Council (CSCS), (which deals with conflicts of interest). the press freedom watchdog set-up under the constitution. But the main Nonetheless, the government had powers are stipulated by the agreed to sign the document in the Constitution and cannot be changed interests of peace. “Effective and lasting without a constitutional amendment. peace has no price”, said Pacheco, “and since we recognise this, we accepted The Council, the Constitution states, the agreement”. must “ensure the independence of the media, in exercising the right to The government is willing to sign information and the freedom of the documents that might lead Mozambique press”. It must also give its opinion prior to lasting peace, he added. He was also to the licensing of private radio or hopeful that Renamo had now television stations, and be involved in understood “that its project to divide the the appointment and dismissal of the state between two parties (Frelimo and

Renamo), in the name of separating concerning the deadlock over ‘military party and state, is contrary to the matters’, the second item of the Constitution and to the application of the negotiations agenda. rule of law”. “Once again, the parties have failed to The head of the Renamo delegation, reach consensus”, said Saíde Habibo, Saimone Macuiana, claimed the signing speaking on behalf of the mediators at ceremony was “an important act for the the end of the 109th negotiating round, country and for future generations”. The adding that: “We, as mediators, think success in the dialogue meant “a new that the reason for this impasse might page in the history of the country”. have to do with inconsistencies of speech on matters under discussion”. He admitted that some points demanded by Renamo had been The agenda item relating to military excluded, but declined to go into detail. issues calls for the demilitarisation of the However, it is already known that the remaining Renamo forces and their most important of these was an attempt integration into the police, army and by Renamo to bar the President, and socio-economic life of the country. the Ministers he appoints, from involvement in party politics during “Renamo’s priority is to integrate its working hours. officers into the FADM, and the government, for its part, emphasises the The government delegation regarded integration of Renamo’s residual forces. this as absurd, since the president was We wanted the parties to discuss one elected on a political party manifesto thing at a time”, said Habibo. which he has a duty to implement. If Renamo expects the National Assembly If the parties fail to reach consensus on to rubber-stamp the proposed this point, the mediators will stress the agreement, it may be in for a shock. For need to take the dialogue to the highest there is a third force in the National level – a meeting between the head of Assembly, the MDM, which has drawn- state, Filipe Nyusi, and the Renamo up and submitted its own bill on the leader, Afonso Dhlakama. separation of party and state, which is already on the agenda for the current “We have suggested the possibility of parliamentary sitting. this matter being dealt with at the highest level – between the president Source: Radio France International/Canal and the leader of Renamo – on previous de Moçambique/O País/Notícias/Agencia de occasions. We would like this to Informacao de Moçambique happen, because this is the best way to find a solution concerning the issue”, Government/Renamo dialogue: said Habibo. mediators unhappy with the lack of consensus over military issues Meanwhile, looking beyond the dissatisfaction over the second item, Mediators in the dialogue between the mediators were rejoicing over the government and Renamo have again consensus reached last week expressed their dissatisfaction concerning the separation between

political parties and State apparatus, the with the long-term dialogue taking place third item on the agenda. weekly in Maputo, but with the additional mandate of working specifically towards “At least they managed to reach decentralisation consensus over a declaration of principles about the separation of party “Frelimo has said that it also has a plan activities and the civil service. They to decentralise state administration in 11 have also agreed to the signing of this provinces”, said Dhlakama, adding that document on Tuesday. This is good he hopes that a political agreement news”, said Habibo. would incorporate Renamo’s ideas but could still “enter Parliament as if coming Since the beginning of the dialogue from the government”. sessions, which have been going on for two years now, the parties had Dhlakama advocates that the managed to reach consensus on only government’s decentralisation plans the first item, regarding the ‘election must meet the autonomy criteria that his package’ (new electoral rules, party demands and, on that basis, the composition of National Electoral autonomy of the six provinces (where it Commission and Electoral bodies). Up claims election victory) must be until the latest agreement, there has implemented before the end of the been only a series of impasses. current year (2015), and the other five after the general elections of 2019. Source: Agencia de Informacao de Moçambique In this case, Renamo would govern Niassa, Nampula, Tete, Zambézia, Dhlakama proposes joint committee Manica and Sofala in the centre and to negotiate autonomous provinces north of the country and the current governors, appointed by the central Renamo leader, Afonso Dhlakama, has government, would remain in office but proposed the creation of a joint without executive functions. committee of government and Renamo representatives to negotiate the “Nyusi has said that he is ready to meet establishment of the autonomous me to address peace issues. I am Renamo provinces he claims for definitely also prepared. Let him accept Mozambique. the creation of teams to draw the decentralisation framework; this is the “The proposal has already been put to government’s function and we will assist the government, so any meeting with it”, said the Renamo leader, adding that [President of the Republic, Filipe] Nyusi this initiative would bring about a better will not just be for handshakes, because form of democracy for the population, that would be disappointing the people “complete the cycle of nominations”, and in six provinces who expect Renamo to end the current political and military govern them”, Dhlakama told reporters. instability.

Dhlakama is suggesting a commission “What I fear is that I will be forced to tell composed of six members, three from the population to act as it wants to act”, each party, which would work in parallel

he said, warning that such a situation implementation of the September would be disastrous for the country. agreement. It consisted of 70 Mozambican officers (half appointed by Renamo does not recognise the results the government and half by Renamo), of the last general election and is and foreign observers from eight demanding the creation of provincial countries (Botswana, South Africa, authorities across the country, as well Zimbabwe, Cape Verde, Kenya, Italy, as the management of the six regions Portugal and Britain). where it claims election victory, threatening, on-and-off, to seize power EMOCHM had a mandate for 135 days, by force if its demands are not met. which was extended for a further 60 days. Throughout this period it could do Source: Lusa nothing, since Renamo refused to deliver a list of names of those of its Delay in disarming Renamo could put militiamen whom it wanted to join the pressure on budget FADM or the police. These were months of inactivity entirely paid for by the The delay in implementing last Mozambican government. September’s agreement on a cessation of military hostilities between the “The government created the conditions government and Renamo could create for Renamo’s residual forces to be “additional budgetary pressures”, which recruited into the FADM or the police, or would be difficult to accommodate in the for their social and economic 2015 state budget, Agriculture Minister reintegration”, Pacheco stressed. José Pacheco warned on Wednesday (24 June). He gave the Assembly details about the expenditure on EMOCHM. The Pacheco was speaking in Parliament, in government had approved a budget for his capacity as head of the government EMOCHM of MT540.2 million delegation at the government-Renamo (approximately US$13.7 million at dialogue which has now held 109 current exchange rates). Running costs sessions. accounted for 60% of this, and capital expenditure for 40%. The 5 September 2014 agreement envisaged the disarming and By the time EMOCHM was wound up, dismantling of the Renamo militia. Its only MT370.3 million had been spent. members were supposed to have been So there was an unspent balance of recruited into the FADM and the police, MT169.9 million (or 31.46% of the total or reintegrated into civilian life. budget approved). Expenditure would presumably have been considerably But none of this happened. To date, higher if EMOCHM had been allowed to over nine months after the September do its job, rather than simply sitting in agreement, not a single Renamo hotels. militiaman has been disarmed. Pacheco said that the largest item of A military observer mission, known by expenditure was vehicles. 59 vehicles the acronym, EMOCHM, was to monitor were purchased for EMOCHM, costing

MT83 million (22.44% of the total). The Díaz’s visit will allow countries to assess allowances paid to the foreign and the current state of bilateral co-operation Mozambican members of EMOCHM and review the political, economic and amounted to MT83.7 million (20.61%). social situations prevailing between Mozambique and Cuba. Whilst in MT59.9 million (16.1%) was spent on Maputo, Díaz held talks with the equipment for accommodating the Parliamentary Speaker, Veronica Renamo “residual forces” - such as Macamo, Prime Minister Carlos beds, refrigerators, water tanks, Agostinho do Rosario and deputy generators, stoves and other kitchen minister of foreign affairs and materials. But since the Renamo cooperation, Nyeleti Mondlane. militiamen never left their bases in the bush, this material could not be used. Source: Rádio Moçambique

Food cost MT33.9 million (8.9%), and India-Mozambique ties will accommodation for EMOCHM members strengthen further cost a further MT31.8 million (8.6%). EMOCHM office equipment cost MT15.7 On Wednesday (24 June) President million (4.3%). All unused EMOCHM Pranab Mukherjee expressed assets are now being transferred to the confidence that Mozambican President defence and security budget. Filipe Nyusi’s visit to India in August (2015) will “further strengthen” ties Pacheco said the government had between the two nations. decided against any further extension of EMOCHM, and would instead “prioritise “I look forward to your visit to India in dialogue to establish consensus for an August this year. I am confident that the effective and lasting peace”. That peace relations between our two countries will must rest, not only on a cessation of further strengthen in the years to come”, military hostilities, but on an end to Mukherjee said extending his greetings “incitement to division and violence, and and congratulations to Nyusi on the eve disinformation”. Crucially, it would also of the country’s Independence Day (25 depend on “the demilitarisation of June). Renamo”. “India and Mozambique share warm and Source: Agencia de Informacao de close bilateral relations, which have Moçambique been expanding in recent years, to the mutual benefit of both our peoples”. Cuban delegation in Mozambique for a working visit “On behalf of the government and people of India, as well as on my own The Cuban deputy minister of foreign behalf, it gives me great pleasure to affairs, Rogelio Sierra Díaz, conducted a convey to Your Excellency and to the working visit to Mozambique on 24 and people of Mozambique warm greetings 25 June as to strengthen the relations of and felicitations on the occasion of your friendship and co-operation between the Independence Day”, he said. two countries. Source: Daiji World

Vietnam and Mozambique mark In the meantime, a Mozambique- diplomatic ties Vietnam Business Forum was held in Maputo on Wednesday (24 June), On Thursday (25 June) the Mozambican during which a rice production Embassy in Vietnam held a ceremony in agreement was struck between the two Hanoi to celebrate the 40th anniversary countries. of diplomatic ties between the two countries. According to the agreement, Vietnam will invest approximately US$2 million in On the occasion, Ambassador Gamiliel Mozambique for the study of seeds, to Munguambe said that the founding of be used in a large-scale rice production diplomatic relations in 1975 marked the project in Zambézia Province. beginning of friendship, peace and development of the two nations. The project aims to ensure food security for the province, which is still suffering Vietnam and Mozambique supported from the adverse effects of the floods each other during the cause of national earlier this year (2015). independence, reunification, and development, he said. Source: VNA/Canal de Moçambique

The two sides have strengthened co- Angolan diplomat optimistic on co- operation in various fields such as operation with Mozambique politics; external affairs; and economics to culture; education-training; and On Wednesday (24 June) the Angolan telecommunications, he added. Ambassador to Mozambique, Brito Sozinho, voiced his confidence in Minister of Agriculture and Rural strengthening and diversifying co- Development, Cao Duc Phat, said that operation between the two countries in Vietnam is a close friend of the the coming years. Mozambican people. The Angolan diplomat was speaking to Vietnam is pleased with the impressive the press as part of the festivities of the achievements that Mozambique has 40th anniversary of the national gained in the political, social and independence of Mozambique. economic realms, which helps Mozambique become one of the African The Angolan delegation at the event countries with the highest growth, he was led by vice president, Manuel said. Domingos Vicente, on behalf of the Head of State, José Eduardo dos He added that the two countries have Santos. expanded bilateral co-operative ties in various fields for mutual development. Relations are said to be “good” between the two countries, who co-operate in The minister said that he hopes that the several areas such as: education; arts bilateral relations will be further and culture, and defence, among others. strengthened in the coming years for the benefits of the two countries.

Sozinho said that the relations between The Portuguese Minister of Foreign the two States date back to 1978 when Affairs, Rui Machete, represented Prime the former presidents Samora Machel Minister Pedro Passos Coelho during (Mozambique) and Agostinho Neto Thursday’s (25 June) celebrations. (Angola) met and signed a General Cooperation Agreement. Source: Angola Press/New Zimbabwe/Xinhua/Lusa In 2014 the two States reviewed all such co-operation, during which they decided President Lungu expected in to sign an agreement on the abolition of Mozambique visas in diplomatic and service passports. On Wednesday (24 June) Zambian President Edgar Lungu arrived in As for the financial sector, the Mozambique to attend the country’s th ambassador stressed the co-operation celebrations, marking the 40 between Angola and Mozambique, anniversary of Mozambican adding that both countries have been independence. working toward its improvement. In a press briefing, held on Tuesday (23 Asked on how the Angolan authorities June) at the Zambian Embassy in regard the political situation in Maputo, Zambia’s High Commissioner Mozambique, the diplomat voiced to Mozambique, Japhen Mwakalombe, confidence that Mozambicans will told journalists that President Lungu’s manage to address the issues. attendance was important, as it signifies the sound relations that exist between Source: Angola Press Zambia and Mozambique.

Vice-president of Angola attends Mwakalombe said that President Lungu Mozambique’s Independence Day visited Mozambique for the first time celebrations since assuming office in January this year (2015). On Wednesday (24 June) the vice- president of Angola, Manuel Domingos He expressed his optimism that Vicente, travelled to Mozambique to President Lungu’s visit will further participate in the commemoration of the enhance trade relations between the 40 years of national independence. two countries.

Vicente was representing the Angolan According to Mwakalombe, President Head of State, José Eduardo dos Lungu attended an evening gala on Santos, during the celebrations. Wednesday (24 June), held at the Cultural Centre of the University of Other African presidents, who arrived in Eduardo Mondlane in Maputo ahead of the country on Wednesday to attend the the independence celebrations. Independence Day celebrations include: President Robert Mugabe, President On Thursday (25 June) President Lungu Jakaya Kikwete and President Peter attended a wreath laying ceremony at Mutharika. the Mozambique Heroes Stadium to pay

his respects to former president Samora “National unity remains key weapon Machel. Later that same day, Lungu for Mozambique” – Nyusi visited the Machava stadium for the independence celebrations. On Thursday (25 June) President Filipe Nyusi declared that national unity Following the celebrations, President remains the key weapon for Lungu proceeded to the Ponta Mozambique’s success as a nation. Vermelha palace, the State House of Mozambique, for a luncheon hosted by Addressing the celebrations of the 40th his counterpart, Filipe Nyusi. anniversary of Mozambican independence, Nyusi stressed that it President Lungu’s delegation during his was only lack of unity that had kept the visit to Mozambique included: Zambia’s Portuguese in control of Mozambique first president, Kenneth Kaunda; Foreign for so long. Affairs Minister, Harry Kalaba; Special Assistant to the president for Political “More than the power of the enemy, we Affairs, Kaizer Zulu; and Special were beaten by the lack of an integrated Assistant for Press and Public and unitary vision”, he said. “We lost Relations, Amos Chanda. many battles, because of lack of unity, dialogue and consensus”. Mwakalombe described Kaunda’s participation in Mozambique’s 40th With the foundation of Frelimo, in 1962, anniversary celebrations as a “national unity was adopted as the best demonstration of Zambia’s sacrifice weapon to fight against the Portuguese towards Mozambique’s fight for colonial machine”, Nyusi said. “40 years independence. later the same weapon continues to be the secret of our strength and of our “During the inauguration of President future successes”. Filipe Nyusi early this year, President Lungu assigned Kaunda as his Speaking at the Machava stadium, on representative. The government of the outskirts of Maputo, the same place Mozambique acknowledged Zambia’s where the country’s first president, representation”, he said. Samora Machel, proclaimed independence 40 years earlier, Nyusi Mwakalombe said (on the side-lines of stressed that: “there is no future for a the Independence Day celebrations) nation which is divided by ambitions for that the Acting Managing Director of power”. ZECSO, Victor Mundende, is also expected to hold discussions on how to Likewise there was no future “for a increase electricity trade within the nation over which hangs the threat of SADC region. war and violence. The unity of all Mozambicans under a single flag is as Source: Lusaka Times vital as the air we breathe”.

Nyusi recalled the achievements of Mozambique in its 40 years of independence, particularly in abolishing

the discriminatory colonial model of interests are subordinate to collective education. The illiteracy rate was a ones”. shocking 93% in 1975, but has now dropped to 48%. Source: Agencia de Informacao de Moçambique The number of primary schools rose from 5,260 in 1975 to 17,150 now. Frelimo internal elections in Tete There were just 12 secondary schools in postponed 1975, and currently there are 920. There was one university in 1975, and today The internal elections for the new first there are 48 institutions of higher secretary of Frelimo in Tete Province education in Mozambique. was postponed from 20 June to Saturday (27 June). Similarly in health care, in 1975, Nyusi recalled, there were only 100 doctors in The elections were postponed owing to the country, but now there are 1,600. the fact that the Policy Commission, the The number of nurses has risen from internal department responsible for 1,200 to 15,000. And life expectancy approving/rejecting the candidate has risen from 41 years in 1975 to 52 applications, failed to meet on now. Wednesday (17 June) ahead of the vote. Nyusi stressed that his government intends to create wealth “by generating Following the announcement, the balanced and inclusive development, in electoral commission received another an environment of peace, stability and candidate application from Dominic security. The government will continue Viola, the district administrator. Viola is to promote harmony, solidarity, justice the sixth candidate running in and cohesion among Mozambicans”. Saturday’s vote. Source: Canal de Moçambique Later in the day, at a reception in the presidential palace in Maputo, Nyusi Mozambique to 2018 - managers, stressed that: “our enemy today is mediators and magnates poverty, and we cannot invent another one. All of us will win, together, the Mozambique’s ambitious new executive battle under way, in national unity, since must find ways to bridge a set of gaps: without unity we are weakened”. between the core and the periphery; between political parties - established The country must remain united “from and new; and between the interests of the Rovuma to the Maputo” (the rivers business and the stark fact that marking Mozambique’s northern and Mozambique remains extremely poor, southern boundaries). according to a new report.

The Mozambique of the future “must Recent political developments in have no ideological islands which want Mozambique mark the beginning of an to see the country cut into pieces”. This important era. The party of government, would be a Mozambique where “selfish Frelimo, is clearly anxious to back the

newly elected head of state, Filipe largely stagnated over the past decade, Nyusi, who - following an initial tussle and the country’s infrastructure of roads, with his predecessor - is apparently telecommunications, railways and keen to open a different style of electricity is inadequate to keep up with dialogue with his rivals both among the the demands of investors, let alone country’s opposition parties and within population growth. What infrastructure Frelimo itself. This apparent political that is in place is vulnerable to crippling maturing comes at a time when the damage by floods over much of central prospect of significant economic and northern Mozambique. transition is gaining ground. The country is also prone to serious Opportunities bring challenges: outbreaks of political violence. The fighting that took place between April Foreign investors are committing to 2013 and July 2014 showed clearly that Mozambique, and this can only have the Renamo movement was able to arm been encouraged by recent political and conduct operations in the centre of developments. Of particular note has the country. While its fighters may not been the arrival of the LNG industry in be able to start a civil war or a war of the context of some globally significant secession, they made a political point: offshore gas finds in the north. Renamo is a force to be reckoned with. In addition to political violence, there is Despite likely high development costs, persistent unrest in Mozambique over the market for LNG is strong - especially social issues, with food prices or land in East Asia. Looking ahead by some claims at the centre of most protests years to 2020-25, LNG markets in the and outbreaks of violence. US and Europe should also become more attractive, as domestic production The challenges for Mozambique’s winds down in the former and North government are interlinked. The lack of Africa’s supply to Europe begins to large-scale revenues and the dwindle. The long-term view of persistence of a constrained tax base Mozambique’s LNG prospects is good - mean that it does not have the funding albeit more modest than spectacular. In required to develop the roads, railways addition to LNG development, there are and electrification that would hugely significant investments under way in benefit internal and external trade, and agribusiness (biofuels production), coal, bring investment into the business non-hydrocarbon minerals and fisheries. sector. Furthermore, the country’s economic growth is partly offset by the To a greater or lesser extent, however, scale of the ‘youth bulge’ coming on to such developments present challenges the labour market. Unless its young to local communities, and all have the people are able to find employment, any potential to create serious conflict real gains in alleviating Mozambique’s through the disaffection of local people. persistent poverty will be lost. Investments have not yet reached a stage at which they are providing the Cognisant of the political sensitivities government of Mozambique with taxes involved, and working with international and its people with jobs. Many key donors and investors, Mozambique’s poverty indicators for Mozambique have

policy-makers have to select and association should be to lobby undertake a clear and unambiguous set the government on issues that of measures that balance the short-term could otherwise detract from needs of commercially competitive individual company interests. The industries - which can provide a strong government should use the return for the government - with the association to ensure that all social needs as well as the operators - including contractors - constitutional rights and expectations of work on a level playing field. Civil the country’s citizens. society would be able to use such an association as a forum via Recommendations: which to raise their concerns.

 Mozambique has already  Land and landownership is an experienced dissent and conflict issue that is growing in scale as where land has been taken for Mozambique develops. As much new industrial or agro-industrial as any other, it can lead to initiatives. The current laws outbreaks of violence. There is a governing changes of use require broad range of donor-funded that investors and affected activities in the land registration communities together achieve sector - usually linked to full, free and informed consent agricultural development. By before land is handed over. In extending existing work on practice, processes concerned community land use and working with community engagement and to develop replicable skills and negotiation have been uneven. processes at provincial level, it is More work needs to be done with to be hoped that provincial investing companies by providing administrations can find ways of clear benchmarks for social reversing the trend whereby performance; and, at a policy central government makes key level, for the government to decisions and ignores provincial enhance the role, capacity and priorities. authority of provincial authorities to act on behalf of communities  Mozambique has an opportunity and to ensure that standards of to gain ground in line with the process are commensurate with IMF's ongoing Policy Support the scale of impacts. Instrument (which enables Mozambique to access IMF  Forming an independent advice and support without a producers’ association for the borrowing arrangement).The IMF hydrocarbons sector could bring has consistently emphasised a range of benefits to the rural infrastructure development government, the private sector in order to enhance agricultural and civil society - particularly if productivity, along with the this was funded not by the private promotion of employment in the sector but by a donor. The private sector. The development mandate of the producers’ of a mechanism to address the

large variation in resource rents extractives industry. Developing would be very helpful in this collaboration between the EITI respect. Specifically, the international secretariat and the government could extend the IMF in extending the current revenue-sharing classification of resource mechanism in order to eliminate revenues in the latter's the discrepancies between Government Finance Statistics budgeted and transferred Manual 2014 could be applied to revenues to Mozambique both the Mozambican context. within the year and from year to year  The G19 group of Mozambique’s international partners should  Mozambique should take encourage amendment of the advantage of the international current electoral legislation to labour pool to bring major provide a clear system of projects online in a cost-effective complaints and appeals. If and timely fashion, while in the successful, they should also meantime deliberately building consider funding expert training national skills to replace for judges, electoral managing international labour in the bodies and political parties on medium and long term. how to use these procedures. There is also a need to train  In the short term, and before LNG electoral managing bodies in production comes on stream, counting and tabulation coal will overtake aluminium as procedures. Mozambique’s main export. Enhancing the civil responsibility  If Mozambique’s political of the country’s mine operators is leadership allows the legislature an obvious and attractive to become more assertive, a proposition. Thus, Mozambique’s task-focused committee interest in the Voluntary (including the relevant donors) Principles on Security and should review past training Human Rights is to be exercises to see what worked encouraged. and consider a new training programme on best practice in  Mozambique’s obligations under accountability for parliamentary the Extractive Industries committee members of all Transparency Initiative (EITI) parties. currently cover mining and hydrocarbons. While the  War veterans - especially from performance of EITI in Renamo - have felt Mozambique is uneven, it is disadvantaged in trying to get improving. EITI remains the best access to state pensions. This mechanism in place for ensuring has enhanced a sense of that there is clarity and marginalisation and frustration. transparency in the primary Donors, in conjunction with the

IMF, could assist the government detract from the development agenda. in setting up a more accessible Under the Nyusi government, there is a and efficient national pension new imperative to address processes of system for veterans. The failed reconciliation and disarmament, and its disarmament by Renamo over efforts should be warmly supported by the past two decades was a the international community. driver of the 2013-14 conflict. If relations between Renamo and Balancing these competing interests, Frelimo improve, international and maintaining both peace and a agencies should support faith healthy dialogue among detractors, will groups and NGOs in not be easy. Expectations of resource disarmament and peacebuilding rents run high, and are promoted by the efforts, especially in Manica and investors themselves. Managing such Sofala provinces. expectations while shifting authority to the provinces is new political territory for Bridging divides: Frelimo. Its newly elected members of parliament will be busy, and will need The new executive must find ways to guidance and support through the bridge a set of gaps: between the core coming term. Despite the rhetoric, and the periphery; between political experience shows that - in general - parties - established and new; and good things happen slowly, while bad between the interests of business and things can happen very fast. the stark fact that Mozambique remains extremely poor. In sharp contrast to Source: Chatham House Report: Mozambique’s successful elections, Mozambique to 2018: Managers, Mediators occasional breakdowns in security and Magnates

SECURITY

Dhlakama admits ordering ambush in “I can’t hide it. I gave the orders”, said Tete Dhlakama. He claimed that more than 35 members of the riot police died in the Renamo leader, Afonso Dhlakama, has ambush, and a further ten died in hospital. admitted that he personally gave the order for an ambush against government forces But according to the spokesperson for the in the western province of Tete on 14 General Command of the PRM, Pedro June. Cossa, two policemen were wounded in the ambush, one of whom died on the Speaking on Monday (22 June), in the way to hospital. central city of Beira, Dhlakama said that the attack took place three kilometres According to Cossa, the police unit from a Renamo military base at concerned had been taking supplies to a Mucombedzi, in Moatize district. police post in the Tete interior. If this is the case, it will have been a small unit,

certainly not consisting of 45 or more “I am a man of peace”, claimed men. Dhlakama. “I fought for democracy. I shall continue fighting, and I don’t want to Dhlakama’s statement contradicted that frighten away local and foreign given immediately after the ambush by investment, or to scare the public, but I Renamo spokesperson António am tired of Frelimo playing around”. Muchanga, who claimed that it was the armed forces who had attacked Renamo, Despite the ambush, and Dhlakama’s and not the other way round. sabre-rattling, government and Renamo delegations are continuing to hold a The ambush was a blatant violation of the political dialogues in Maputo, and have agreement on a cessation of military reached agreement on a declaration of hostilities, signed between Dhlakama and principles on separating political parties the then president, Armando Guebuza, on from the state. This declaration was 5 September, 2014. signed on Tuesday evening (23 June).

Dhlakama claimed there had earlier been Source: Agencia de Informacao de four government attacks against the Moçambique/Independence Online Renamo militia – one in the Mocumbedzi area, one in Funhalouro district, in the Overview of Human Rights Practices in southern province of Inhambane, and two Mozambique for 2014 in Guija and Dindiza, in the neighbouring province of Gaza. On Thursday (25 June) the “2014 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices” was Dhlakama said that he had authorised the released. In the report, Mozambique was ambush, after the Mocumbedzi criticised for its high levels of corruption commander had contacted him for and impunity, despite the fact that the instructions. Mozambican government has taken various steps over the years to ensure “Our force noted that government troops greater prosecution and conviction rates were about five kilometres from the base”, for guilty officials. he said. “The commander, who is a major, asked – do we have to move the base Principal human rights abuses included again, because they’re going to attack us? the government’s failure to protect political I said – no, go and meet them, and the rights and freedom of assembly, unlawful clash occurred three kilometres from the killings and abuses by government and base”. opposition-party security forces, and domestic violence. Dhlakama said that his patience was running out, because of what he called Other major human rights problems “frequent provocations”. He threatened included lengthy pre-trial detention; ruling that he would retaliate against any future party influence on an inefficient, government attack, and claimed he was understaffed, and inadequately trained under pressure from local Renamo judiciary; harsh prison conditions; commanders to respond. The infringement of political rights of government, however, has repeatedly opposition parties; and government denied that it is mounting such attacks. pressure on the media.

Societal problems highlighted in the resulting in numerous government and document include: discrimination against civilian deaths. women; abuse, exploitation, and forced labour of children; discrimination against In April the then attorney general, Augusto persons with disabilities; trafficking in Paulino, announced 18 open criminal women and children; and discrimination cases concerning deaths and destruction against lesbian, gay, bisexual, and of property associated with armed clashes transgender (LGBT) persons and persons between Renamo and government forces. with HIV/AIDS. The criminal cases were dropped due to the August general amnesty law enacted There were several reports by human following peace negotiations between the rights activists and domestic media government and Renamo. sources that the government and/or its agents committed arbitrary or unlawful Despite the fact that the Constitution and killings. Most reports concerned military law prohibits practises of torture and other and police officers. For example, on 25 cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment February (2014), three men were found and/or punishment, the report found that shot and burned inside a vehicle in poorly trained PRM officers frequently Maputo, nine miles from the detention used excessive force and harsh physical centre where the Criminal Investigative abuse when apprehending, interrogating, Police (PIC) had arrested and detained and detaining criminal suspects and them the day before. The police did not prisoners. Human rights advocates and announce the reason for the detention. the media reported occurrences of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading A PIC spokesperson stated unknown treatment, physical abuse, and prolonged gunmen killed the victims, but the detention. The LDH reported the level of Mozambican League of Human Rights abuse in prisons declined during the year. (LDH) stated the deaths appeared to be Abuses by the PIC in police station jails, the result of summary execution. The however, continued as in the past. case remained unresolved at year’s end. In respect of the conditions of prisons and In July, Renamo accused the government detention centres, the report found that, of arbitrarily arresting and unlawfully despite the fact that there were killing Zacarias Madjuta, a high-ranking improvements at some national member of Renamo, who died inside a penitentiaries, prison conditions remained Gorongosa police station one day after his harsh and potentially life threatening. arrest. The case was also unresolved at Inadequate funding, staffing, and facilities year’s end. resulted in overcrowding, substandard sanitation, and poor nutrition and health There were numerous reports Renamo care. committed arbitrary or unlawful killings of civilians. From April 2013 through June While the constitution and law prohibit 2014, the press and the government arbitrary arrest and detention, both accused Renamo forces of more than 30 practices continued to occur. For incidents of attacking vehicles traveling on example, on April 14 (2014), the PRM the central highway between the Save detained Jose de Araujo, a member of the River and Muxungué in Sofala Province, MDM, in Inhambane while he was

collecting signatures for the party’s indicated corruption was a serious presidential candidate for the October problem. Petty corruption by low-level elections. Authorities released de Araujo government officials to supplement several hours after the arrest but did not modest salaries and high-level corruption return the signatures collected or the 20 by politically and economically connected voter identification cards. In April the PGR elites continued to be the norm. In some also highlighted a continuing problem in cases high-level bribery was related to various provinces of arrest warrants narcotics trafficking. issued without due process. In December the government passed a In respect of corruption within the State new penal code law with provisions to institutions, the law provides criminal combat financial crimes, including penalties for corruption by officials, and in corruption, soliciting bribes, fraud, abuse contrast with 2013, the government more of power for financial gain, and illicit readily implemented the law for minor accumulation of wealth. The government corruption offenses. must still pass a criminal procedure code to implement the new penal code law For example, in April (2014) the Minister effectively. of Public Service, Victoria Dias Diaogo, announced disciplinary action against Corruption, including extortion by police, 1,019 government employees for corrupt was widespread in 2014, and impunity activities, of whom 126 were terminated, remained a serious problem. Police 122 demoted, 226 fined, 374 warned, and regularly detained individuals for arbitrary 88 publicly reprimanded. The remaining reasons and demanded identification cases are pending. documents solely to extort payments. Many crime victims reportedly declined to Infractions included misappropriation of seek police assistance because of a lack state-owned property and falsification of of confidence in the police and their ability documents and signatures. Nevertheless, and willingness to help. officials sometimes engaged in corrupt practices with impunity, because the Refer to: government did not always enforce the www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsre law for high-profile cases. port/index.htm#wrapper for the full report.

Some internationally respected Source: US Department of State organisations, including the World Bank,

CRIME

MAP 1: KIDNAPPING INCIDENTS IN CENTRAL MAPUTO 2014 & 2015

GRAPH 2: REPORTED KIDNAPPINGS PER YEAR

35 31 30 30

20 16 14 15

0 2011/2012 2013 2014 2015

GRAPH 3: TIME OF KIDNAPPINGS 2014 & 2015

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 00:01 - 04:00 04:01 - 08:00 08:01 - 12:00 12:01 - 16:00 16:01 - 20:00 20:01 - 00:00

Note: This graph excludes kidnappings in which the time of the kidnapping was not reported

GRAPH 4: KIDNAPPINGS PER GENDER / AGE-GROUP 2014 & 2015

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 <18 19-36 37-54 55-72 >73 Male Female

*Please note: the data present in the graphs and maps is not 100% accurate owing to the high number of unreported cases and irregularities in the documentation of these events. This graph illustrates the successful kidnapping incidents ONLY and not attempted/aborted/intercepted kidnappings.

According to the police spokesman of Chinese national arrested for ivory Maputo Provincial Command, the possession kidnapping took place at the home of the victim’s parents in Nkobe at During the course of last week (12 to 19 approximately 19:00hrs. The kidnappers June), a 42-year-old Chinese national, threatened the family with an AKM-type identified only as Chien, was detained at weapon and a pistol before leaving with the Maputo International Airport in illicit the baby. possession of three kilograms of worked ivory. Initially, a ransom of MT1 million (around US$28,571) was demanded for He was about to embark on an the release of Amelia, but the amount Ethiopian Airlines flight to Addis Ababa, was later lowered to MT100,000 but his final destination was China. (roughly US$2,857).

Also at the same airport, the PRM On Wednesday (17 June) the PRM detained a Paraguayan citizen, rescued the child and detained four identified only as Delse, who was people in connection with the abduction, attempting to smuggle cocaine into the however, the alleged ringleader country. managed to evade arrest.

Delse, who arrived on a South African One of the detained suspects, 40-year- Airways flight from Johannesburg, was old A. Rosa, kept the child in her house, carrying 3.6 kilograms of cocaine hidden while her three accomplices negotiated in his suitcase. with the family.

During the same week, 2,199 people The accomplices were identified as two were arrested by the PRM: 1,979 for domestic servants working in the border violations, 133 for various crimes victim’s house, and a former servant. and 17 for illegal immigration (the remaining 70 charges have not yet been Rosa claimed that she did not know the released to the public). child had been kidnapped. She said that her brother-in-law, H. Jorge, brought the The Republic of South Africa repatriated child to her house and claimed it was his 840 Mozambicans for illegally entering son. the country. The majority of those repatriated (833) were men. Jorge H. confessed to the crime, but claimed he was carrying out the Source: @Verdade/Agencia de Informacao instructions of someone he named only de Moçambique as João.

Kidnapped baby rescued in Matola Another of the kidnappers, M. Eugenio, On Monday (15 June) a 15-month-old also confessed, and said that he had infant (Amelia Langa) was abducted in been promised MT100,000 for his part the neighbourhood of Nkobe, Matola in the crime. The third alleged (Maputo Province). kidnapper, T. Horacio, admitted that he had been contacted by João, but said

he had not been directly involved in “Significant progress” in the abducting the child. investigation of Cistac’s murder - Mozambique Attorney General Police managed to track the perpetrators by tracing calls that the On Thursday (18 June) the Attorney gang made while negotiating with the General, Beatriz Buchili, stated that: infant’s family. “significant advances have been made” in the investigation of the murder of The alleged ringleader escaped during Mozambique constitutional lawyer Gilles the PRM operation, taking the weapons Cistac. used in the abduction with him. Asked to comment on criticism by Source: Agencia de Informacao de Renamo and the MDM in respect of how Moçambique/Notícias the Public Attorney’s Office was addressing Cistac’s murder, Buchili said Criminal gang robs Nampula police that advances were being made, but station declined to offer any more information on the grounds that the matter was still Four criminals, posing as weary under investigation, therefore under travellers with no place to stay, ‘segredo de justiça’ (judicial secrecy). successfully robbed the local Nampula police station on Wednesday night (17 Renamo criticised what it called the June). “casual way the Attorney General was treating the murder of Gilles Cistac”, The four men arrived at the police who died in the centre of Maputo on 3 station on Wednesday evening, March of this year (2015) after being pretending to be tired travellers with no shot by unknown individuals. The MDM accommodation, the PRM subsequently has also complained about the lack of allowed the men to spend the night at information surrounding the the station, preparing makeshift beds in assasination of a judge. the station’s evidence and storage room. Buchili was speaking on the side-lines of The four men then offered the officer on a visit to the National Institute of Legal duty some alcohol as a means of Medicine in Coimbra, Portugal, at the thanking him for his kindness. The invitation of the Attorney General of the intoxicated officer later fell asleep on Portuguese Republic, Joana Marques duty and the four men subsequently Vidal. raided the storage room, stealing Source: Lusa televisions and an unspecified number of stolen mobile phones that had been Chitima poisoning suspect to be set recovered in a police operation the free previous day. The Public Attorney has released the The PRM continue to deny the report. sole suspect accused of poisoning a drum of homemade ‘phombe’ that killed Source: @Verdade 75 people and hospitalised more than

100 in Chitima (Tete Province) in The two men killed were reportedly part January. of a gang that kidnapped 25-year-old university student Mohamed Raniz Moti According to reports, the suspect was in the Malhangalene neighbourhood of freed on Friday (19 June) due to central Maputo on Thursday morning insufficient evidence. (18 June).

Source: O País The suspected kidnappers were killed in a police shootout at approximately PRM foil fraudulent prison release 11:30hrs at the house where the student was being held captive. Two pistols On Friday (19 June) the PRM of Maputo were recovered at the scene. foiled an attempt to release a dangerous inmate from the Maximum Security Having traced the criminals’ movements Prison (BO). the police placed a strong contingent of uniformed police and plain-clothes According to reports, the inmate’s family agents at the premises, behind the Rua falsified release documents from the da Agricultura. Once they realised that Judicial Court of KaMavota. they had been cornered, the criminals The PRM immediately recognised that opened fire on the police who were the documentation was fake and denied forced to respond, shooting dead the the inmate (identified as Daniel Stephen two alleged kidnappers. Muianga) his freedom. The PRM also One police officer was injured in the arrested Arnaldo Humberto Daveira operation. According to police (registrar of the Judicial Tribunal of spokesman, Orlando Mudumane, his KaMavota), Solas Gideon Tivane condition is not critical. (prison guard at the BO), Rosa Luisa Dimande (Muianga’s wife) and Egidio Mudumane stressed that efforts to Elias Mandlate (Muianga’s friend). apprehend the remaining members of the gang continue. Five gang members The four were arrested in possession of participated in the kidnapping of the MT145,000 and nine mobile phones, young student and, according to which were allegedly to be used as Mudumane, the gang had sufficient bribes. members to take turns watching the Source: Canal de Moçambique victim as they waited for the ransom to be paid. The ransom amount in question Two alleged kidnappers killed in was not revealed. police shootout Speaking to the press, the victim said Two suspected kidnappers were shot that the kidnappers demanded his dead on Saturday morning (20 June) in father’s mobile number and told him that the Jardim neighbourhood of Maputo in if he did not obey them he would be a police shootout during a rescue tortured to death. operation. “They first told me that I was the owner of the company where I work [Zahra

Engines], and they wanted the Ocuane was expelled from the PRM in company’s phone numbers. I told them 2013 for undisclosed reasons and on his that I didn’t have any pre-set number Facebook page he claims to be related and that the only contact I had was my to the president of the Board of aunt’s. They said that they didn’t want Directors of ENH, but this information that number, but my father’s or the was not confirmed. number of the owner of the company where I work. When I told them I didn’t Source: O País/ Folha de Maputo/Canal de know any numbers by heart apart from Moçambique that one, and that all the others I kept in my cellphone contacts, they said that Arsonists set fire to Sofala provincial they would leave me tied up on the court railway line to be run over by a train. On Saturday (20 June) unknown They handcuffed me and covered my arsonists set fire to the criminal face. During all this time (in captivity) investigation section of the Sofala one of the kidnappers was always with provincial law court, in the central city of me. Other members of the gang came Beira. at night and took over”, said the victim after being released. According to reports, some of the case files and the computer equipment in the Moti was kidnapped on Thursday court were destroyed. Also damaged by morning at the intersection of Castelo the flames were the first and second Branco and Manica streets in sections of the Beira City Court. Malhangalene. Eyewitnesses said that the abduction was carried out by five Intervention by the Beira fire brigade individuals in a grey Toyota Corolla. The stopped the fire from spreading to other registration number was not known. parts of the building, which also contains residential flats. At the time he was kidnapped, the young man was driving a Toyota IST, The authorities investigating the fire registration number ADJ 064 MP. have not ruled out the possibility that the arsonists had help from people inside Having pulled off the kidnapping, the the court. The main doors to the court criminals fled the scene, abandoning the were not forced, which indicates that victim’s car, which was recovered by those who set the fire had keys. police officers and taken to the Sixth Precinct police station. The fire brigade worked quickly and efficiently, and so the evidence was not On Tuesday (23 June) the spokesman all destroyed. Inside some of the rooms for the General Command of the PRM, 20 litres of fuel, candles and matches Pedro Cossa, confirmed that one of the were found. kidnappers killed on Saturday was positively identified as Arsenic Ocuane, The presiding judge of the Sofala court, a former police officer of the Protection Ana Muanheue, told reporters it was of Important Personalities Unit. “too early” for her to say much about the fire. But she was thankful that prompt

intervention by the fire brigade had The PRM returned fire, killing two of the prevented further damage. suspected robbers. The third robber successfully escaped. It is not yet known to what extent the fire has compromised criminal proceedings. Upon searching the vehicle, the PRM discovered an AK-47 and 14 rounds of Source: Agencia de Informacao de ammunition. Moçambique The PRM are currently searching for the Brazilian national arrested in third member. possession of cocaine Source: @Verdade On Saturday (20 June) the PRM arrested a 50-year-old Brazilian national Suspected fuel thieves die in at the Mavalane International Airport for explosion drug trafficking. On Sunday (21 June), at approximately The detainee was found to be in 21:00hrs, two alleged fuel thieves died possession of 3.6 kilograms of cocaine when their house exploded in Beira at the time of his arrest. (Sofala Province).

Also at the Mavalane International The explosion is believed to have Airport, the PRM prevented 18 foreign occurred when one of the stolen drums, nationals from entering the country containing gasoline stolen from Beira owing to the fact that they were in port, caught fire while the two thieves possession of fake visas and failed to lay sleeping. indicate as to where they would live and work. A 15-year-old boy was seriously injured during the explosion and was taken to Source: @Verdade the Beira Central Hospital where he is currently receiving treatment. PRM kill two alleged robbers in Maputo shootout Source: O País

On Sunday (21 June) the PRM INE delegate murdered in Gaza intercepted a gang of three suspected robbers in the Laulane neighbourhood On Tuesday (23 June) it was revealed (Maputo Province). that Salvador Sitoe, a delegate of the National Statistics Institute (INE) in the The three men were travelling in a province of Inhambane, was beaten to vehicle (registration plate: ADP 761 MC) death in Gaza Province. when they realised that they were being followed by the PRM. The gang Despite the fact that the incident subsequently attempted to escape by occurred on 14 June, the details opening fire. surrounding the incident were only released this week (19 to 26 June).

According to reports, Sitoe was briefing on Tuesday (23 June), told murdered at the intersection of praia de reporters that the guns were found in Chizavane (Gaza Province), after he Carlitos’ house in Cheringoma district had returned from a working mission to (Sofala Province). Maputo Province. Carlitos told the police the guns had According to the PRM, on 12 June Sitoe been given to him to sell on the black travelled to Maputo in order to deal with market at the price of MT5,000 labour issues. On the way to Maputo, (approximately US$126) each. He did Sitoe met a woman by the name of not say who had given him the guns. Lucia Langa in Gaza Province. The pair Carlitos is now being held in police exchanged contact numbers and began custody. a relationship. Two weeks ago (13 to 19 June) the On 14 June, on his way back to PRM discovered a cache of 46 AK-47s Inhambane, where he was permanently abandoned in the Cheringoma forest. stationed, Sitoe arranged to meet with This latest incident brings the total Langa at the intersection of praia de number of confiscated AK-47s in the Chizavane. Cheringoma district to 92.

When Sitoe arrived at the meeting Investigations are ongoing. place, he was ambushed by a gang of men at the instruction of Langa. The Source: Visão/O País/Agencia de men were armed with machetes and Informacao de Moçambique other blunt objects, which they utilised to beat Sitoe to death before dumping his Lynching in Nampula body near the Mwanza lagoon and During the course of last week (12 to 19 fleeing with his wallet and mobile phone. June) at least four people were lynched The PRM have detained three of the to death in the Natikiri neighbourhood four suspected murderers and Sitoe’s (Nampula Province) for crimes such as body has been released to his family for burglary and assault. burial in Chibuto. In Nampula lynchings tend to occur Source: O País/Jornal Notícias frequently as the population is notably frustrated with the failure of the local 46 guns seized from alleged Renamo authorities. member in Sofala This year alone there have been a The PRM recently seized 46 AK-47 minimum of eight recorded lynchings in assault rifles from a man identified only the area. The population is angered by as Carlitos, who is believed to be a the PRM’s slow response times and the Renamo member. disproportionate sentences which see speedy release of convicted criminals. The spokesperson for the General Command of the Mozambican police, According to data on the area, lynchings Pedro Cossa, at his weekly press (whereby a mob physically assaults a

suspected perpetrator before tying him Journalists appealing against libel up and publically setting him on fire) sentence typically affect young, unemployed males who are suspected of criminal Two Mozambican journalists who were activity. The lynching itself usually takes ordered to pay MT10 million place in a dimly-lit area with little or no (approximately US$256,000) in police patrols. damages for libelling Filipe Paunde, the former general secretary of the ruling A large number of lynchings occur Frelimo Party, are planning to appeal against those suspected of robbery, against their sentence. burglary or rape (which is relatively common in Nampula, often with little or The author of the offending piece, no punitive action taken against the Nelson Mucandze, and the paper in suspect). which it was published, the now defunct weekly Expresso Moz, and its editor, The main problem in the area is that the Anselmo Sengo, were tried by the court majority of criminals caught by vigilante in the Maputo Municipal District of mobs are repeat offenders, a fact that KaMpfumo. frustrates the locals who feel that their only choice is to completely remove the The judge, Ana Carla Sousa, sentenced individual. the two journalists to the damages, plus a suspended four month prison Sérgio Mourinho, spokesman for the sentence. Since Expresso Moz has provincial command of the PRM in gone bankrupt, and is no longer Nampula, has confirmed the current published, it is difficult to see how the situation and stated that, in his view, money to pay the damages will be lynchings will continue unabated in the raised. near future until the local authorities can deal with the root causes. However, Paunde sued after the paper published, Mourinho has appealed to the local in February 2014, an article entitled population to rather hand over possible “Paunde sells customs exemptions”. suspects, instead of taking the law into their own hands. A scandal was already erupting over political parties abusing their right to In the annual report on justice in import vehicles free of customs duty. An Mozambique, the Attorney General, investigation by the anti-corruption Beatriz Buchili, said that in 2014 NGO, the Centre for Public Integrity lynchings resulted in 24 deaths, with a (CIP) found that political parties were significant number of lynchings abusing their exemptions by importing occurring in Zambezia (seven), Tete large numbers of vehicles and then (six) and Sofala (three). However, it is selling them on to other people. Many of suggested that the actual number is the parties involved were tiny much higher – especially since Buchili’s organisations which have no offices, no report suggests that no lynchings publications, few votes and fewer occurred in Nampula in 2014, which is members, and which are completely simply not the case.Source: @Verdade unknown to most of the Mozambican public, but the CIP investigation also

discovered large amounts of suspicious Asked whether he believed that the imports by Frelimo, particularly in Beira accusation might have come from within and Nacala ports. Frelimo, Paunde said it was up to the authors of the article to say whether or While the CIP investigation used not that was true. customs sources, and denounced parties rather than individuals, the Paunde said that he was happy about Expresso Moz story attacked Paunde by the outcome of the case, in that his name, and did not cite any sources. name had been cleared. He was more concerned about his good name than In court, Judge Sousa said the two about payment of any damages. “The journalists had been unable to prove the way in which my name was publicly truth of their allegations against Paunde, abused has no price”, he said. “I’m and she therefore found them guilty of pleased because the court showed that libelling him. it was not true. The authors of the libel were not able to prove their Contacted by Mediafax, Sengo refused accusations”. to comment - however, the paper learnt that the two journalists have indeed He added that, far from abusing appealed. customs exemptions, when he was Frelimo General Secretary he bought Paunde told Mediafax that he was and imported vehicles and personally disappointed that Sengo and Mucandze paid all the duties and taxes owing. had not revealed their sources (although they are, under the Mozambican “I know that the paper in question is in Constitution and press law, absolutely difficulties”, Paunde said. “I know the entitled to protect their sources). media market in Mozambique and I know the paper would have serious “Unfortunately the people who accused difficulties in paying this sum. But I’ve me did not tell the court where they got got what I was interest in. I’ve restored the story from, and who is behind this”, my good name”. he said. “This disturbs me”. Source: Agencia de Informacao de Moçambique

WILDLIFE PRESERVATION

Rhino will not go extinct – SANParks This is according to retired General Major Johan Jooste, commanding More than a third of the world’s rhino officer of special projects at the South poaching cases occur in Mpumalanga African National Parks (SANParks), who (South Africa). Although we are at risk of addressed the South African Rotary losing countless individuals within the Club at their biggest function of the year species from poaching, rhino as a at Ingwenyama Conference and Sports species will not go extinct. Resort.

More than 400 delegates of the South Consuming rhino horn has become a African Rotary Club gathered there over matter of status and lifestyle, rather than the past week for the grand event, which medicinal. commenced on Tuesday and concluded on Saturday (16 to 20 June). “One long-term solution is for the community to own all the national parks, Jooste, responsible for matters relating but that would be too late for the rhino. to anti-poaching strategy, planning and execution, was one of many speakers “Another is more technological, and that who addressed the party on important is social media. I believe spreading issues in our country. knowledge and encouraging global co- operation can and will help our cause if During his speech, aptly named “The we do it right, if we mobilise our So-Called Rhino War”, Jooste resources and expose poachers; it can highlighted the “successful” operations be done with the help of everyone”, in which Mozambican rangers were Jooste said. involved, as well as the importance of community co-operation in the war Source: Caxton News Service against poaching. Mozambican poacher sentenced to Because of the sensitivity of reporting seven and a half years in prison by on poaching, numbers cannot be South African court revealed in the media, but it has been reported that South Africa’s co-operation A Mozambican rhino poacher has been with Mozambique has been successful sentenced to seven and a half years in and beneficial in the war against prison for illegally entering the KNP, poaching. reports SANParks via its Facebook page. “Our co-operation with our neighbours has become vital. The sad reality is that SANParks welcomes the sentencing “of the Kruger National Park (KNP) has a Mozambican National to seven and a become a supermarket for poachers”, half years in prison for illegally entering Jooste told the attendees. “The south of the KNP with the intention to poach the KNP is the hottest target. The rhino and related offences. He was borders have basically become fault sentenced in the Skukuza Periodical lines across which the rhino horn travel”. Court”.

According to him, rhino horn is the most On 29 May (2015) the poacher, expensive commodity in the world and identified as Elliot Manzini, was arrested the fourth largest criminal activity on the by SANParks Rangers in the Crocodile globe. He further pointed out that the Bridge Section of the park in possession prevalence of poaching has increased of a .458 rifle and ammunition. Manzini tenfold over the past 10 years. was convicted for illegal possession of a firearm with the intention to kill rhino, “There are no quick solutions because possession of ammunition and the increase in poaching activity is trespassing. ascribed to one major driver – lifestyle.

Two of his companions allegedly fled also for the confluence of scientists, back into Mozambique. conservationists and development experts working to understand it and The Managing Executive of KNP, Glenn improve the livelihoods of people living Phillips, commended the courts for around the park. We are delighted that imposing the lengthy jail term. “We are the Howard Hughes Medical Institute is happy that the courts have rewarded the joining one of the world’s most hard work done by the Rangers, our productive private-public partnerships Environmental Crime Investigative Unit for conservation. This grant will inspire a and the South African Police. The new generation of Mozambican and sentencing will also help to lift the international scientists to explore the morale of all men and women in uniform mysteries of life on our planet”. who constantly have to react to dangerous situations involving rhino The Gorongosa National Park and its poaching”, said Phillips. buffer zone cover about 10,000 square kilometres in the Great African Rift Source: SANParks Valley in central Mozambique. Although Mozambique achieved independence Howard Hughes Medical Institute to from Portugal in 1975, the ensuing civil support science education at war took a toll on the country and Gorongosa National Park Gorongosa. In 2008, the government of Mozambique signed a 20-year public- The Howard Hughes Medical Institute private partnership with the GRP, a non- (HHMI) has announced that they will profit organisation formed by the Carr provide a five-year, US$2.3 million grant Foundation. to support educational activities and infrastructure development at the E.O. “Young Mozambicans are eager to Wilson Biodiversity Laboratory in the study conservation sciences and this Gorongosa National Park. support from HHMI will make it possible to train a generation of Mozambicans in The programme will be carried out a variety of disciplines, who will then through the Gorongosa Restoration lead Gorongosa and other national Project (GRP), a US philanthropy that parks and reserves throughout the has led extraordinary efforts to restore country”, said Greg Carr, president of the Gorongosa National Park over the the GRP. last 10 years. The GRP has been on the frontlines in combatting the loss of During the last 10 years, the GRP has biodiversity – one of the most important assisted local farmers, built health biological and environmental issues in clinics and schools, rebuilt Park the world today. infrastructure, hired and trained rangers, reintroduced species to the ecosystem The United States Agency for and re-established a tourism industry in International Development (USAID) is a Gorongosa. In 2014, the GRP donor, and the adviser to the GRP and celebrated another milestone with the US Ambassador Douglas Griffiths said inauguration of the E.O. Wilson that: “Gorongosa is a magical place, not Biodiversity Laboratory, which is poised only as a cauldron of biodiversity, but

to greatly increase both research in the biodiversity resources”, said Sean park and science education for Carroll, PhD., vice president for Science Mozambican students. Education at HHMI. “Gorongosa National Park is one of the crown jewels HHMI funding will be used to support of Africa, and it is also equally important personnel, new educational as a destination for science education. programmes, and classroom This training will build science capacity infrastructure at the E. O. Wilson in Mozambique, which will pay long-term Biodiversity Laboratory in the park. dividends by preserving biodiversity and Funding will begin in July 2015. in helping sustain stewardship of this country’s vast national park and reserve “HHMI will be helping to build vital system”. science capacity for managing the park’s and Mozambique’s extensive Source: Howard Hughes Medical Institute

NOTICE

In order to support the campaign to save the Rhino please support the FOCUS-AFRICA Foundation by liking the FOCUS-AFRICA Foundation Facebook Page at: Focus-Africa Foundation as well the FOCUS-AFRICA Foundation Website at www.focus-africa.org

OTHER

No public holiday on Friday forged, and nobody has taken any decision to decree an extra holiday on The Mozambican Labour Ministry has Friday. It points out that statements from denied malicious rumours, circulating the ministry are never signed by the via social media, that Friday (26 June) minister herself. had been declared a public holiday. Friday will thus be a normal working Thursday (25 June), the 40th day, the ministry says, adding that it is anniversary of Mozambican going through “appropriate channels” to independence, is a holiday. Somebody discover the authors of the hoax press has forged a press release, dated 22 release. June and supposedly signed by Labour Minister Vitoria Diogo, making Friday a This will come as a relief to employers holiday too, and thus creating a long who have repeatedly complained about weekend. The fake release has ad-hoc public holidays, sprung on them appeared on Facebook and Whatsapp. with little or no warning.

The real Labour Ministry release says Source: Agencia de Informacao de that the minister’s signature has been Moçambique

24% of Mozambicans affected by The FAO representative in food insecurity Mozambique, Castro Camarada, confirmed that there has been a On Wednesday (24 June) the Minister of significant reduction in the number of Agriculture, José Pacheco, told a people suffering from hunger in Maputo press conference that Mozambique. At a recent FAO approximately 24% of the Mozambican conference in Rome, he added that: “it population remains affected by food was decided to recognise those insecurity. countries who have made progress in the fight against hunger and Despite this, Mozambique has met the malnutrition. Mozambique was one of Millennium Development Goal (MDG) of those distinguished”. cutting hunger by 50%, since in 1997, the proportion of the population which Source: APA/Star Africa/ Agencia de lacked food security was around 61%. Informacao de Moçambique

But Pacheco stressed that greater The teachings of Mozambican efforts were needed to combat hunger Independence is characterised by and chronic malnutrition, in ideological bias Mozambique, and indeed in all of Africa. According to a professor at the “We have to be more daring in the fight University of Eduardo Mondlane, the against this great enemy which is country’s history is being related as hunger”, he said. But despite this, the “closed speech”, rhythmically United Nations Food and Agriculture punctuated by Frelimo congresses. Organization (FAO) recognised Mozambique as one of 72 countries (out According to the professor, the way in of 129 monitored by FAO) which had which the independence of Mozambique reached their goal with regards to food has been taught in schools over the last insecurity. 40 years has a political and ideological bias and betrays a simplistic and Pacheco said that one of the methods inadequate perspective of history. used by Mozambique to combat food insecurity had been to look at the entire Historian and Mozambican writer João value chain, from production through to Paulo Borges Coelho says that the final consumption, including the transfer teaching of independence in of technology, the marketing of Mozambique has been encoded in a foodstuffs and the conservation of political and ideological way, and has crops. adopted a simple, binary formula based on oppositions. Although a large number of people are still facing food insecurity, Pacheco “The whole process, as far as teaching argued that the number of Mozambican is concerned, has ended up encoded in families who enjoy an adequate diet is a political and ideological way, increasing. according to a simple formula. It is a binary history, based on the opposition

of coloniser and colonised, revolutionary civil war, there are many things that the and reactionary”, says Coelho. curriculum does not cover”, da Silva said. “There is a closed version of history, marked by Frelimo congresses. In each According to the teacher, the cycle, there is a new problem to be consequences of this are harmful to the solved”, says Coelho, pointing out that a extent that students end up going on to history told as closed is sentenced to higher education without knowing how “death”. their own country achieved independence. Forty years on, he stressed, “there is enough distance for the emergence of “We have cases of students in their final new ways of telling history”, and is year of college who cannot trace even calling for the opening of the archives of the outlines of the independence the ‘libertadores’ (liberators). process. But in countries like Portugal, Germany and Brazil, for example, “Unfortunately, there is no public debate students speak of the history of their about the historical sources of this country as if it were their own, which period and this is paradoxical, because does not happen here”, lamented da it is a critical period in the emergence of Silva, pointing out that there is already the Mozambican identity”, said Coelho, enough historical distance for history to adding that the history of the be taught more comprehensively. independence of Mozambique “ennobles Frelimo itself”. “We have students who ask us, for example, how Renamo appeared. “History only exists if we continue to However, because these issues are not discuss it”, said the writer, stressing that covered in the programmes, we don’t “independence is a phenomenon too have the answers”, said the teacher, large for, and greater than simple proposing a review of the curriculum political discourse” and in need of a adopted by the Ministry of Education broader cultural perspective, and Development. incorporating the arts and the specific realities of the people. Source: Lusa

In turn, Romeu da Silva, a journalist and Marcelino dos Santos receives 12th grade history teacher at Laulane honorary title of Hero of the Republic Secondary School in Maputo, told of Mozambique reporters that the history of independence in Mozambique is not The politician and poet Marcelino dos taught in its entirety, probably for Santos, one of the key figures in the political reasons. history of Mozambique, was recently awarded the title of National Hero. “Our school books don’t say much about our independence. What we have are In a ceremony that took place early on just dates, but we don’t, for example, Wednesday (24 June) in Maputo, have anything on how the independence conducted by President Filipe Nyusi, process began. Even with regards to the dos Santos was referred to as the

country’s most prominent figure in the of planning and development in the first 1950s. government led by former president Samora Machel, president of the Marcelino dos Santos was a student People’s Assembly and minister in and a refugee in Paris, where he began Sofala Province. to develop his political activity. He was also vice president of Frelimo, minister Source: A Bola

END