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Ecofarm Irrigation and Organic Sugarcane Project Chemba District, Sofala Province, Mozambique

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Ecofarm Irrigation and Organic Sugarcane Project Chemba District, Sofala Province, Mozambique ECOFARM IRRIGATION AND ORGANIC SUGARCANE PROJECT CHEMBA DISTRICT, SOFALA PROVINCE, MOZAMBIQUE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT REPORT October 2015 ECOFARM IRRIGATION AND ORGANIC SUGARCANE PROJECT CHEMBA DISTRICT, SOFALA PROVINCE, MOZAMBIQUE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT VOLUME 2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT REPORT Prepared for: EcoFarm Mozambique Lda. Av. Eduardo Mondlane No 1723, Ponta Gea, Beira, Sofala, Mozambique, Prepared by: Coastal & Environmental Services GRAHAMSTOWN MAPUTO P.O. Box 934, Rua da Frente de Libertação de Grahamstown, 6140 Mozambique, Number 324, Maputo, South Africa Mozambique South Africa and Mozambique DRAFT FINAL REPORT October 2015 Environmental & Social Impact Report – September 2014 REPORTS PRODUCED AS PART OF THIS ESIA: Volume 1: Scoping Report Volume 2: Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report Volume 3: Specialist Reports Volume 4: Environmental and Social Management Programme Volume 5: Resettlement Plan (Livelihood Restoration and Improvement Plan) COPYRIGHT INFORMATION This document has been prepared in accordance with the scope of Coastal & Environmental Services (Pty) Ltd’s (CES) appointment and contains intellectual property and proprietary information that is protected by copyright in favour of CES. The document may therefore not be reproduced, used or distributed to any third party without the prior written consent of Coastal & Environmental Services. This document is prepared exclusively for use by CES’s client. CES accepts no liability for any use of this document other than by its client and only for the purposes for which it was prepared. No person other than the client may copy, in whole or in part, use or rely on the contents of this document without the prior written permission of CES. The document is subject to all confidentiality, copyright and trade secrets rules, intellectual property law and practices of South Africa. Coastal & Environmental Services (Pty) Ltd i EcoFarm Lda Environmental & Social Impact Report – September 2014 This Report should be cited as follows: Coastal & Environmental Services, September 2014, EcoFarm Irrigation and Organic Sugarcane Project, Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report, CES, Grahamstown, South Africa. REVISIONS TRACKING TABLE Project Name: EcoFarm Irrigation and Organic Sugarcane Project Report Title: Ecofarm Irrigation and Organic Sugarcane Project Mozambique, Draft Final Environmental and Social Impact Report t, CES, Grahamstown Name Affiliation Role / Function Date Coastal and Environmental Mike Bailey Compiler July 2014 Services (Pty) Ltd Coastal and Environmental Bill Rowlston Editor / Reviewer July 2014 Services (Pty) Ltd Coastal and Environmental September 2014 Bill Rowlston Editor / Reviewer Services (Pty) Ltd October 2015 Coastal & Environmental Services (Pty) Ltd ii EcoFarm Lda Environmental & Social Impact Report – September 2014 LIST OF ACRONYMS AfDB African Development Bank AoI Area of Influence CES Coastal & Environmental Services (Pty) Ltd CLO Community Liaison Officer COCO Cooperativa De Canaveiros Organicos* CLGF Commonwealth Local Government Forum DSEA District Services of Economic Activities DUAT Direitos de Uso e Aproveitamento da Terra* EDM Electricidade de Moçambique* EHS Environmental, Health and Safety EIA Environmental Impact Assessment ESHIA Environmental, Health and Social Impact Assessment ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan FAS Foetal Alcohol Syndrome GDP Gross Domestic Product GN Guidance Note GoM Government of Mozambique HDI Human Development Index HH Household Head HR Human Resource IAIA International Association of Impact Assessment IFC International Finance Corporation ILO International Labour Organisation IMF International Monetary Fund I&AP Interested and Affected Party kWh Kilowatt hour LRIP Livelihood Restoration and Improvement Plan LRP Livelihood Restoration Plan MICOA Ministério para a Coordenação da Acção Ambiental* (now MLERD) MLERD Ministry of and. Environment and Rural development (formerly MICOA) OP Operational Procedure PAC Project-Affected Community PRAP Poverty Reduction Action Plan PEDSA Plano Estratégico para o Desenvolvimento do Sector da Agricultura* PPP Personal protective equipment PRS Poverty Reduction Strategy PS Performance Standard SA South Africa SDAE Servico Distrital De Actividades Económicas* SEBS Socio-Economic Baseline Study SEP Stakeholder Engagement Plan SIA Social Impact Assessment SLP Social and Labour Plan SMME Small, Micro and Medium Enterprise TA Traditional Authority ToR Terms of Reference UK United Kingdom UN United Nations US United States ______________ * Portuguese term Coastal & Environmental Services (Pty) Ltd iii EcoFarm Lda Environmental & Social Impact Report – September 2014 PREAMBLE The previous Draft of this report and all supporting documents (Specialist reports, Environmental and Social Management Programme, and Resettlement Plan / Livelihood Restoration and Improvement Plan) ) were ready to be submitted to the Ministry and subjected to public disclosure in September 2014. Subsequently the developer, EcoFarm Mozambique Lda, requested that the submission of draft reports and public disclosure be delayed while consideration was given to the inclusion of a sugar mill and captive power plant on the site, to optimise the production of sugar from the sugar cane. The mill and power plant were not included in the previously approved Environmental Pre- Feasibility Scoping Study, and the Ministry was approached for permission to expand the scope of the environmental and social assessment for the project to include the sugar mill and power plant. Permission was also requested to increase the proposed irrigated area from 2 100 ha to 2 860 ha, and also to increase the proposed size of the size of the cattle herd from 3 000 to a maximum of 5 000 head. Permission was granted by the Ministry in a letter dated 8th September 2015, reproduced over leaf. Accordingly all reports have now been reviewed and revised as necessary to include the sugar mill and power plant in the project, and report on additional impacts that may arise because of the new infrastructure. Coastal & Environmental Services (Pty) Ltd iv EcoFarm Lda Environmental & Social Impact Report – September 2014 Copy of letter dated 8th September 2015 from the Ministry of Land, Environment and Rural Development (Ministério da Terra , Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Rural) granting permission to expand the scope of the environmental and social impact assessment Coastal & Environmental Services (Pty) Ltd v EcoFarm Lda Environmental & Social Impact Report – September 2014 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY Introduction The proposed project is for the establishment, installation, operation and maintenance of an irrigation infrastructure initiative in the District of Chemba, Sofala Province, Mozambique, to produce sugar from organically grown cane. The project will be funded through a grant contract between the Governments of the Netherlands and Mozambique, represented by the Zambezi Valley Development Agency and Agency NL respectively. The project will be established on the western outskirts of the town of Chemba, approximately 50kms north of Vila da Sena on the western side of the Zambezi River in the extreme north of Sofala Province of Mozambique (Figure 1). Figure 1. Location of proposed EcoFarm planation near Chemba in Sofala Province, Mozambique Chemba is one of the poorest districts in Mozambique with a harsh, hot climate, with seasonal and unpredictable rainfall. The livelihoods of the families are based mainly on dry land subsistence farming, of mainly maize and sorghum, and some beans. Yields are quite low, and malnutrition and Coastal & Environmental Services (Pty) Ltd vi EcoFarm Lda Environmental & Social Impact Report – September 2014 food security are becoming serious concerns in the region. The project centres on the development of irrigation infrastructure which, in addition to producing high quality sugar cane for subsequent processing and export, is expected to make a significant contribution to enabling the local communities to improve their income potential through better agricultural production. This, in turn, will go some way to reducing malnutrition and food security concerns. The irrigation system is designed to be used to irrigate approximately 2 860 hectares of organic sugarcane, which includes up to 100 hectares of vegetables and food crops. The project will involve five productive entities; A commercial sugar cane production company, EcoFarm Moçambique Lda (the developer), who will, in addition to growing sugar cane, assist the co-operative farmers with technical expertise and equipment, and will buy their produce. The two agricultural cooperatives (Lambane and Chapo), comprised of smallholder farmers from the local communities. A third cooperative comprising 14 or 15 well-trained and agriculturally qualified and committed re-migrating youths. A utility company that owns, operates and maintains, and in some cases leases out, he irrigation infrastructure. The project will be led by EcoFarm, who will ensure that the infrastructure is properly designed, constructed and used, and that the productive entities will develop sufficient capacity to manage and use it efficiently and effectively, and in an environmentally and socially sustainable manner. Project description From an agricultural perspective, this area of Mozambique is ideally suited for sugarcane production due to the rich alluvial soil which, with suitable
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