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Absolute Idealism Index Absolute 53 Cai Renhou 蔡仁厚 26n5 “absolute idealism” 39, 140 capitalism 164, 216, 269, 272, 280 absolute liberalism 94, 106 censorial system 218 absolute power 172–175 “central states” 202n72 absolute truth 11, 17–18, 247–48, 256n16 Chan, Joseph 26n4 abstract world citizens 104 Chan Wing-tsit 47n9 administrative democracy 211–212 Chang, Carsun see Zhang Junmai Adorno, Theodor W. 42, 284–285 Chang, Hao see Zhang Hao agency. See human agency checks and balances 211, 212, 218, 220, 221 Alexander the Great 173, 177, 178 Chen Duxiu 陳獨秀 97n97, 185n14, 210 alienation 9–10, 68, 69–70 Chen Lifu 陳立夫 19–20, 32 American civic competence 231 Chen Yinke 陳寅恪 50, 105n123, 260 American civil religion 240–241 Cheng, Anne 208n10 American culture 87–88n72 Cheng, Shun Kai Kevin 7n11, 8n12, 9, 82, 119, American hippie movement 1, 2 171n41 Ames, Roger T. 80–81, 109n7, 158n50 Chiang Ching-kuo 蔣經國 21 Angle, Stephen C. 25–26n4, 157 Chiang Kai-shek 蔣介石 20, 21, 59 Anglo-American Neo-Hegelianism 38–39 Chinese communism 275, 277–279, 281–282, Anglo-American traditions of political 283n31, 288 thought 233, 234 Chinese communities, in Hong Kong and Apter, David 11 Taiwan 72–75 Arendt, Hannah 214n26, 277, 284–285, 287 Chinese culture art and artistic creation 111, 148–149 GMD government’s propaganda efforts “attitude of thinking” 277–278 regarding traditional 58–60 Augé, Marc 69–70 loss of significance of 85–93 authenticity 4, 100–107, 125 Tang’s approach to traditional 56–58, authentic self 60 decline of 280 Chinese ethical theory 141n9 realization of 103, 105 Chinese languages, declining use of 75–76 Babbitt, Irving 50, 79 Chinese nation. See also GMD government; Bauman, Zygmunt 286n42, 289 People’s Republic of China (PRC) behavioral materialism 63 civil religion for future 240–247 Behemoth (Neumann) 277 economic backwardness of 251 Bell, Daniel A. 206n1 failed statehood in 182–189 Bellah, Robert N. 241 threat to survival of 74–76 Benjamin, Walter 236n90, 238 weakness of democracy in 215–220 Bentham, Jeremy 198n58 Chinese socialism 185 bentu 21n49 Chinese Studies 206 Bergson, Henri 10n17, 23, 51, 122n62 Chinese “syncretists” 39 Berlin, Isaiah 201 Chinese Youth Party 185 Billioud, Sébastien 120n54 Chou, Grace Ai-Ling 77, 79–80n55 Bolz, Norbert 236n90 Christianity 246 Bosanquet Bernard 39 Chuan xi lu 47, 108n2, 110, 116n41, 116n44, Breytenbach, Breyten 88n73 128–129 bright awareness 128, 179 civic competence 231–232 Buddhism 36–38, 48n14, 52, 90 civic virtues 192, 207, 241–242 Index 315 civil religion Confucian religiosity 10–11, 14, 15, 91, 111–117, for future Chinese democracy 240–247 242, 243–246 and political ideals and reality 247–249 “consciousness of rites” 193–194, 224, 231 civil service examination system 217, 220 conservatism 43–45, 269 civil society 195–196 constitutional democracy 228, 236 civil-theological justification of democracy contextualization 32–33 220–228 continuity 86–87, 90–91 clan system 182, 183, 186 contract theories 177–178 “classical” liberalism 17, 210 cosmopolitanism 71, 97 closed philosophical system 34, 35 cruelty 167–168 Cloud across the Pacific, A (Metzger) 25n3, cultural cooperation, international 199–205 30n9 cultural essence 87, 92–93n86 Clower, Jason 37 cultural nation 27, 85–86, 88, 92 coherence 33–35 cultural patriotism 93–100, 200 colonialism 3, 200–201, 280 “Cultural Reconstruction” 58 common perspectives on modern Cultural Revolution 19, 21 Confucianism conservatism 43–45 Daode ziwo zhi jianli (The Establishment of the dogmatism 53–60 Moral Self) 8n13, 48n14, 159n53 humanism 48–52 Declaration to the World for Chinese Culture, A neo-Confucianism 46–48 (manifesto of 1958) religiosity 52–53 cultural patriotism in 93 communal associations 194 discussion on Buddhism in 90 communism 77, 216, 270n1, 273, 275–277, Marxism-Leninism in 281 279–280, 281n31 modernization in 63–65 Communist Party of China (CCP) 20, 27, scholarship on 27–28, 57n35 185, 187–188, 207, 236, 252 scientific research and moral community, exiles and cultural 85–86 considerations in 124 Confucian cultural patriotism 93–100 and weakness of democracy in China Confucian democracy 28–30, 206–215 215–216 Confucian humanism 90–93, 95, 218–219, dehumanization 275 228–239 democracy Confucianism. See also modern administrative 211–212 Confucianism; neo-Confucianism civil religion for future Chinese 240–247 cautioning against misrepresentation of civil-theological justification of 220–228 59 Confucian 28–30, 206–215 GMD government’s propaganda efforts constitutional 228, 236 regarding 59–60 humanistic culture and 228–239 modernity in 67 and humanist reconstruction of China overstatement of impact of 28–29 64–65 reconstruction of 250–251 liberal 15, 16–17, 211–212, 213, 222–227 renewed 50n18, 240n1 and overcoming totalitarianism 281 revival in post-war Taiwan 31 political 211–212 Tang’s approach to 56–58, 60 Rorty on relationship between philosophy Tang’s skepticism regarding political and 214–215 legacy of 48 weakness of, in China 215–220 Tang’s turn to 48–49, 52–53 Democracy in Contemporary Confucian Confucian martyrs 111 Philosophy (Elstein) 26n4 Confucian Perfectionism (Chan) 26n4 Democratic Review (Minzhu Pinglun) 27, Confucian rationalism 213 271–272.
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