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Chemical Threat Agents Call Poison Control 24/7 for Treatment Information 1.800.222.1222 Blood Nerve Blister Pulmonary Metals Toxins
CHEMICAL THREAT AGENTS CALL POISON CONTROL 24/7 FOR TREATMENT INFORMATION 1.800.222.1222 BLOOD NERVE BLISTER PULMONARY METALS TOXINS SYMPTOMS SYMPTOMS SYMPTOMS SYMPTOMS SYMPTOMS SYMPTOMS • Vertigo • Diarrhea, diaphoresis • Itching • Upper respiratory tract • Cough • Shock • Tachycardia • Urination • Erythema irritation • Metallic taste • Organ failure • Tachypnea • Miosis • Yellowish blisters • Rhinitis • CNS effects • Cyanosis • Bradycardia, bronchospasm • Flu-like symptoms • Coughing • Shortness of breath • Flu-like symptoms • Emesis • Delayed eye irritation • Choking • Flu-like symptoms • Nonspecific neurological • Lacrimation • Delayed pulmonary edema • Visual disturbances symptoms • Salivation, sweating INDICATIVE LAB TESTS INDICATIVE LAB TESTS INDICATIVE LAB TEST INDICATIVE LAB TESTS INDICATIVE LAB TESTS INDICATIVE LAB TESTS • Increased anion gap • Decreased cholinesterase • Thiodiglycol present in urine • Decreased pO2 • Proteinuria None Available • Metabolic acidosis • Increased anion gap • Decreased pCO2 • Renal assessment • Narrow pO2 difference • Metabolic acidosis • Arterial blood gas between arterial and venous • Chest radiography samples DEFINITIVE TEST DEFINITIVE TEST DEFINITIVE TEST DEFINITIVE TESTS DEFINITIVE TESTS • Blood cyanide levels • Urine nerve agent • Urine blister agent No definitive tests available • Blood metals panel • Urine ricinine metabolites metabolites • Urine metals panel • Urine abrine POTENTIAL AGENTS POTENTIAL AGENTS POTENTIAL AGENTS POTENTIAL AGENTS POTENTIAL AGENTS POTENTIAL AGENTS • Hydrogen Cyanide -
Emerging Technologies for Degradation of Dichlorvos: a Review
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Review Emerging Technologies for Degradation of Dichlorvos: A Review Yuming Zhang 1,2, Wenping Zhang 1,2, Jiayi Li 1,2, Shimei Pang 1,2, Sandhya Mishra 1,2 , Pankaj Bhatt 1,2 , Daxing Zeng 3,* and Shaohua Chen 1,2,* 1 State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; [email protected] (Y.Z.); [email protected] (W.Z.); [email protected] (J.L.); [email protected] (S.P.); [email protected] (S.M.); [email protected] (P.B.) 2 Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China 3 School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China * Correspondence: [email protected] (D.Z.); [email protected] (S.C.); Tel.: +86-20-8528 8229 (S.C.) Abstract: Dichlorvos (O,O-dimethyl O-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)phosphate, DDVP) is a widely acknowl- edged broad-spectrum organophosphorus insecticide and acaracide. This pesticide has been used for more than four decades and is still in strong demand in many developing countries. Extensive application of DDVP in agriculture has caused severe hazardous impacts on living systems. The International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization considered DDVP among the list of 2B carcinogens, which means a certain extent of cancer risk. Hence, removing DDVP from the environment has attracted worldwide attention. Many studies have tested the removal of DDVP using different kinds of physicochemical methods including gas phase surface discharge plasma, physical adsorption, hydrodynamic cavitation, and nanoparticles. -
Industry Compliance Programme
Global Chemical Industry Compliance Programme GC-ICP Chemical Weapons Convention December 2006 Version 1.0 GLOBAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRY COMPLIANCE PROGRAMME FOR IMPLEMENTING THE CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION The purpose of the handbook is to provide guidance to chemical facilities, traders and trading companies in developing a Global Chemical Industry Compliance Programme (GC-ICP) to comply with the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC). The GC-ICP focuses first on determining if there is a reporting requirement to your National Authority and second on collecting the relevant support data used to complete the required reports. The GC-ICP is designed to provide a methodology to comply with the CWC and establish systems that facilitate and demonstrate such compliance. Each facility/company should also ensure that it follows its country’s CWC specific laws, regulations and reporting requirements. • Sections 2, 3, and 4 guide you through the process of determining if chemicals at your facility/ company should be reported to your National Authority for compliance with the CWC. • Section 5 provides recommended guidance on information that you may use to determine your reporting requirements under the CWC and administrative tools that your facility/company may use to ensure compliance with the CWC. • Section 6 provides a glossary of terms and associated acronyms. • Section 7 provides a listing of all National Authorities by country. CWC Global Chemical Industry Compliance Programme 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1 Overview What is the Chemical Weapons Convention? -
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ASM 2013 Countermotions.Pdf
Christiane Schnura, Schweidnitzer Str. 41, 40231 Düsseldorf Christiane Schnura, Schweidnitzer Str. 41, 40231 Düsseldorf Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Gebäude Q 26 (Rechtsabteilung) Kaiser-Wilhelm-Allee 51368 Leverkusen Annual Stockholders’ Meeting on April 26, 2013 I hereby notify you that I will oppose the proposals of the Board of Management and the Supervisory Board as regards Items 2 and 3 of the Agenda, and will induce the other stockholders to vote in favor of the following countermotions. Countermotion to Item 2: The actions of the members of the Board of Management are not ratified The BAYER Group is responsible for many environmental and social problems. The Board of Management bears responsibility for this, and for this reason its actions should not be ratified. The following is a selection of current problem areas. Labeling of genetically engineered products BAYER contributed USD 2 million to a campaign operated by chemical corporations in the United States which resulted in an initiative to have genetically engineered food products labeled accordingly being defeated. Proposition 37, an initiative put forward in the federal state of California which called for mandatory European-style labeling, went to the ballot on Presidential Election Day, November 6. The companies invested more than USD 40 million in their advertising campaign, roughly ten times more than the proponents of the initiative. This is a classic example of double standards. In Europe it goes without saying that genetically modified ingredients are declared on the labeling of a food product. In the United States, on the other hand, spurious arguments are put forward to prevent labeling of this kind. -
Historical Perspectives on Apple Production: Fruit Tree Pest Management, Regulation and New Insecticidal Chemistries
Historical Perspectives on Apple Production: Fruit Tree Pest Management, Regulation and New Insecticidal Chemistries. Peter Jentsch Extension Associate Department of Entomology Cornell University's Hudson Valley Lab 3357 Rt. 9W; PO box 727 Highland, NY 12528 email: [email protected] Phone 845-691-7151 Mobile: 845-417-7465 http://www.nysaes.cornell.edu/ent/faculty/jentsch/ 2 Historical Perspectives on Fruit Production: Fruit Tree Pest Management, Regulation and New Chemistries. by Peter Jentsch I. Historical Use of Pesticides in Apple Production Overview of Apple Production and Pest Management Prior to 1940 Synthetic Pesticide Development and Use II. Influences Changing the Pest Management Profile in Apple Production Chemical Residues in Early Insect Management Historical Chemical Regulation Recent Regulation Developments Changing Pest Management Food Quality Protection Act of 1996 The Science Behind The Methodology Pesticide Revisions – Requirements For New Registrations III. Resistance of Insect Pests to Insecticides Resistance Pest Management Strategies IV. Reduced Risk Chemistries: New Modes of Action and the Insecticide Treadmill Fermentation Microbial Products Bt’s, Abamectins, Spinosads Juvenile Hormone Analogs Formamidines, Juvenile Hormone Analogs And Mimics Insect Growth Regulators Azadirachtin, Thiadiazine Neonicotinyls Major Reduced Risk Materials: Carboxamides, Carboxylic Acid Esters, Granulosis Viruses, Diphenyloxazolines, Insecticidal Soaps, Benzoyl Urea Growth Regulators, Tetronic Acids, Oxadiazenes , Particle Films, Phenoxypyrazoles, Pyridazinones, Spinosads, Tetrazines , Organotins, Quinolines. 3 I Historical Use of Pesticides in Apple Production Overview of Apple Production and Pest Management Prior to 1940 The apple has a rather ominous origin. Its inception is framed in the biblical text regarding the genesis of mankind. The backdrop appears to be the turbulent setting of what many scholars believe to be present day Iraq. -
A Quantum Chemical Study Involving Nitrogen Mustards
The Pharmaceutical and Chemical Journal, 2016, 3(4):58-60 Available online www.tpcj.org ISSN: 2349-7092 Research Article CODEN(USA): PCJHBA Formation enthalpy and number of conformers as suitable QSAR descriptors: a quantum chemical study involving nitrogen mustards Robson Fernandes de Farias Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Cx. Postal 1664, 59078-970, Natal-RN, Brasil Abstract In the present work, a quantum chemical study (Semi-empirical,PM6 method) is performed using nitrogen mustards (HN1, HN2 and HN3) as subjects in order to demonstrate that there is a close relationship between pharmacological activity and parameters such as formation enthalpy and number of conformers, which could, consequently, be employed as reliable QSAR descriptors. To the studied nitrogen mustards, a very simple equation o o relating log P, ΔH f and the number of conformers (Nc) was found: log P = [(log -ΔH f + logNc)/2]-0.28. Keywords QSAR, Descriptors, Formation enthalpy, Conformers, Semi-empirical, Nitrogen mustards, Log P Introduction It is well known that lipophilicity is a very important molecular descriptor that often correlates well with the bioactivity of chemicals [1]. Hence, lipophilicity, measured as log P, is a key property in quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) studies. In this connection, in the pharmaceutical sciences it is a common practice to use log P (the partition coefficient between water and octanol), as a reliable indicator of the hydrophobicity or lipophilicity of (drug) molecules [1-2]. For example, relying primarily on the log P is a sensible strategy in preparing future 18-crown-6 analogs with optimized biological activity [3]. -
The Chemotherapy of Malignant Disease -Practical and Experimental Considerations
Postgrad Med J: first published as 10.1136/pgmj.41.475.268 on 1 May 1965. Downloaded from POSTGRAD. MED. J. (1965), 41,268 THE CHEMOTHERAPY OF MALIGNANT DISEASE -PRACTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS JOHN MATTHIAS, M.D., M.R.C.P., F.F.A., R.C.S. Physician, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, S.W.3. THE TERM chemotherapy was introduced by positively charged alkyl (CH2) radicles of Ehrlich to describe the specific and effective the agent. treatment of infectious disease by chemical (a) The nitrogen mustards: mustine (HN2 substances. It is currently also applied to the 'nitrogen mustard', mechlorethamine, treatment of malignant disease. Unfortunately mustargen), trimustine (Trillekamin no aspect of tumour metabolism has been HN3), chlorambucil (Leukeran, phenyl discovered which has allowed the development butyric mustard), melphalan (Alkeran, of drugs capable of acting specifically upon the phenyl alanine mustard), uramustine malignant cell, so that cytotoxic drugs also (Uracil mustard), cyclophosphamide affect normal cells to a greater or lesser degree. (Endoxan or Cytoxan), mannomustine The most susceptible or sensitive of the normal (DegranoO). tissues are those with the highest rates of cell (b) The ethylenamines: tretamine (trie- turnover and include the haemopoietic and thanomelamine, triethylene melamine, lympho-reticular tissues, the gastro-intestinal TEM), thiotepa (triethylene thiopho- the the testis and the hair epithelium, ovary, sphoramide), triaziquone (Trenimon).by copyright. follicles. (c) The epoxides: triethyleneglycoldigly- Cancer chemotherapy may be said to encom- cidyl ether (Epodyl). pass all treatments of a chemical nature (d) The sulphonic acid esters: busulphan administered to patients with the purpose of (Myleran), mannitol myleran. restricting tumour growth or destroying tumour 2. -
Critical Evaluation of Proven Chemical Weapon Destruction Technologies
Pure Appl. Chem., Vol. 74, No. 2, pp. 187–316, 2002. © 2002 IUPAC INTERNATIONAL UNION OF PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY ORGANIC AND BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY DIVISION IUPAC COMMITTEE ON CHEMICAL WEAPON DESTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES* WORKING PARTY ON EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL WEAPON DESTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES** CRITICAL EVALUATION OF PROVEN CHEMICAL WEAPON DESTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES (IUPAC Technical Report) Prepared for publication by GRAHAM S. PEARSON1,‡ AND RICHARD S. MAGEE2 1Department of Peace Studies, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, UK 2Carmagen Engineering, Inc., 4 West Main Street, Rockaway, NJ 07866, USA *Membership of the IUPAC Committee is: Chairman: Joseph F. Burnett; Members: Wataru Ando (Japan), Irina P. Beletskaya (Russia), Hongmei Deng (China), H. Dupont Durst (USA), Daniel Froment (France), Ralph Leslie (Australia), Ronald G. Manley (UK), Blaine C. McKusick (USA), Marian M. Mikolajczyk (Poland), Giorgio Modena (Italy), Walter Mulbry (USA), Graham S. Pearson (UK), Kurt Schaffner (Germany). **Membership of the Working Group was as follows: Chairman: Graham S. Pearson (UK); Members: Richard S. Magee (USA), Herbert de Bisschop (Belgium). The Working Group wishes to acknowledge the contributions made by the following, although the conclusions and contents of the Technical Report remain the responsibility of the Working Group: Joseph F. Bunnett (USA), Charles Baronian (USA), Ron G. Manley (OPCW), Georgio Modena (Italy), G. P. Moss (UK), George W. Parshall (USA), Julian Perry Robinson (UK), and Volker Starrock (Germany). ‡Corresponding author Republication or reproduction of this report or its storage and/or dissemination by electronic means is permitted without the need for formal IUPAC permission on condition that an acknowledgment, with full reference to the source, along with use of the copyright symbol ©, the name IUPAC, and the year of publication, are prominently visible. -
Chapter III. a Review of Spiking Chemicals Used in the First 40 OPCW Proficiency Tests
RECOMMENDED OPERATION PROCEDURES FOR CWC-RELATED ANALYSIS Section 5. Reporting Chapter III. A review of spiking chemicals used in the first 40 OPCW Proficiency Tests Chapter III. A review of spiking chemicals used in the first 40 OPCW Proficiency Tests Authors Keith Norman, Stephen Johnson Cranfield Forensic Institute Cranfield University Defence Academy of the United Kingdom Shrivenham, Swindon SN6 8LA, UK E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Reviewers Hugh Gregg Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons Johan de Wittlaan 32, 2517 JR, The Hague, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected] Harri Kiljunen Finnish Institute for Verification of the Chemical Weapons Convention (VERIFIN) P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland E-mail: [email protected] Chua Hoe Chee DSO National Laboratories, 12 Science Park Drive, Singapore 118225 E-mail: [email protected] Peter Siegenthaler Spiez Laboratory, Austrasse,CH-3700 Spiez, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] 1. Scope From 1997 until 2016, the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) has coordinated 40 proficiency tests for the analysis and identification of intact chemical warfare agents, precursor chemicals, degradation and reaction products. This chapter reviews the chemicals used to spike the proficiency test samples, identifying those that have been used multiple times and the distribution of chemicals based upon the schedules in the chemical warfare convention (CWC). The aim of this chapter is not to provide an easy route to pass the proficiency tests but rather to illustrate the range of chemicals that should be considered during method development and/or validation for laboratories participating in, or considering participating in the OPCW Proficiency Test regime. -
Verification of Chemical Warfare Agent Exposure in Human Samples
Toxichem Krimtech 2013;80(Special Issue):288 Verification of chemical warfare agent exposure in human samples Paul W. Elsinghorst, Horst Thiermann, Marianne Koller Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie der Bundeswehr, München Abstract Aim: This brief presentation provides an overview of methods that have been developed for the verification of human exposure to chemical warfare agents. Methods: GC–MS detection of nerve agents (V- and G-type) has been carried out with respect to unreacted agents as well as enzyme-bound species and metabolites. Methods involving di- rect SPE from plasma, fluoride-induced release of protein-bound nerve agents in plasma and analysis of their metabolites in plasma and urine have been developed. Exposure to blistering agents, i.e., sulfur mustard, has been verified by GC–MS detection of the unreacted agent in plasma and by LC– and GC–MS analysis of its metabolites in urine. Results: After incorporation nerve agents quickly bind to proteins, e.g., acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase or serum albumin, and only small parts remain freely circulating for a few hours (G-type) or up to 2 days (V-type). Concurrently they are converted to O-alkyl methylphosphonic acids by phosphotriesterases and/or simply by aqueous hydrolysis. As a re- sult, different biomarkers can be detected depending on the time passed between exposure and sampling. Unreacted V-type agents can be detected in plasma for 2 days, the O-alkyl methyl- phosphonic acids in plasma for about 2–4 days and in urine for up to 1 week. Fluoride-indu- ced release of protein-bound nerve agents can be carried out until 3 weeks post exposure. -
Kinetic Modeling of the Thermal Destruction of Nitrogen Mustard
Kinetic Modeling of the Thermal Destruction of Nitrogen Mustard Gas Juan-Carlos Lizardo-Huerta, Baptiste Sirjean, Laurent Verdier, René Fournet, Pierre-Alexandre Glaude To cite this version: Juan-Carlos Lizardo-Huerta, Baptiste Sirjean, Laurent Verdier, René Fournet, Pierre-Alexandre Glaude. Kinetic Modeling of the Thermal Destruction of Nitrogen Mustard Gas. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, American Chemical Society, 2017, 121 (17), pp.3254-3262. 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b01238. hal-01708219 HAL Id: hal-01708219 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01708219 Submitted on 13 Feb 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Kinetic Modeling of the Thermal Destruction of Nitrogen Mustard Gas Juan-Carlos Lizardo-Huerta†, Baptiste Sirjean†, Laurent Verdier‡, René Fournet†, Pierre-Alexandre Glaude†,* †Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 1 rue Grandville BP 20451 54001 Nancy Cedex, France ‡DGA Maîtrise NRBC, Site du Bouchet, 5 rue Lavoisier, BP n°3, 91710 Vert le Petit, France *corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract The destruction of stockpiles or unexploded ammunitions of nitrogen mustard (tris (2- chloroethyl) amine, HN-3) requires the development of safe processes.