Notes and Queries

NORMAN ANGELL Caleb Birchall of Stockport, and "Norman Angell and The was born in 1761. At Leeds, great illusion: an episode in pre- 6 vi 1785, Samuel Birchall, of 1914 pacifism", by Howard Stockport, linen draper, married Weinroth (McGill University), in Anna Jowitt. His death is re­ the Historical Journal, vol. 17, corded, d. 17 v 1814, aged 53 no. 3 (1974), PP- 551-574, has years, Samuel Birchall of Leeds something to say about relations woolstapler, buried 22 v 1814, at between Norman Angell and the Camp Lane Court, Leeds. older pacifist and socialist move­ ments working in the same field. GEORGE BISHOP, d. 1668 The author quotes from Labour Professor G. E. Aylmer's The Leader articles by J. T. Walton state's servants: the civil service of Newbold in 1913. The reader the English republic, 1649-1660 should not be put off by the (Routledge, 1973. £8) devotes a knighthood vicariously attribu­ couple of pages to a summary of ted to Joseph Rowntree. the known career of George Bishop, secretary to the Com­ JAMES BARRETT mittee for Examinations in 1650 A History of Hale, Cheshire, and in other Whitehall posts by R. N. Dore (1972) includes until 1653 when he appears to the following note in a paragraph have returned to Bristol. He was on nonconformity: an unsuccessful candidate in the 11 In 1778 a lone Quaker was parliamentary election in the city recorded at Ringway, James in the summer of 1654 anc^ Barrett, who according to his immediately after makes his great-grandson, Fletcher Moss, mark as leader among Friends came from the Wilmslow area in the district, and continued as in the early 17703 and built such until his death. There is a Wicker House/' brief notice of him in Bristol D. J. HALL Record Society's publications, vol. 26, p. 194-5. Not all of SAMUEL BIRCHALL (1761-1814) Professor Aylmer's references The appearance of the name of refer to the same man, since the Samuel Birchall in a list of name is not uncommon. members of the printing and book trade in Leeds in the i8th GEORGE BRANTINGHAM century in Elizabeth Parr's Leeds George Brantingham is men­ M. Phil, thesis (1973) on "Early tioned (p. 80) in the course of Leeds Printers" (p. 179) brings "Abolitionists and abolitionism to notice Samuel Birchall's in Aberdeen: a test case for the Alphabetical list of provincial nineteenth-century anti-slavery copper-coins or tokens, 1796. movement'' by G. Duncan Rice, There is a biography of Samuel an article in Northern Scotland: Birchall in R. V. Taylor, Leeds a historical journal, published by worthies, p. 253. He was son of the Centre for Scottish Studies, 265 266 NOTES AND QUERIES University of Aberdeen, vol. i, FORD FAMILY, OF LEEDS no. i, December 1972, pp. 65-87. Ann Thwaite, in her Waiting for the party. The life of Frances JOHN BRIGHT Hodgson Burnett, 1849-1924 John Blight's hand in the (London, Seeker & Warburg, Irish Land Bill of 1870 and the 1974), mentions the acquain­ events which led up to it, are tanceship between Mrs. Hodgson effectively studied by E. D. Burnett and Vernon Lee (Violet Steele in Irish Land and British Paget) in Florence in the i88os politics; tenant-right and nation­ and Vernon Lee's interest in ality, 1865-1870 (Cambridge F.H.B's early book That lass University Press, 1974). o'Gowrie's (published 1877) set in a Lancashire mining village. Reference is made to Vernon JOHN DALTON, F.R.S. Lee's visits to "the rich and "Mr. Dalton is open, very philanthropic Fords of Adel ingenious, and certainly a most Grange near Leeds, who were extraordinary man." So wrote much concerned with the con­ Friedrich Mohs (mineralogist, dition of women employed in the 1773-1839) after meeting John mills1 ' and to the fact that Emily Dalton in Manchester in 1818 Ford [Emily Susan Ford, 1850- (letter in the Pollok Morris MSS. 1930, dau. of Robert Lawson Edinburgh, quoted in the course (1809-78) and Hannah (1814-86, of articles on "The Henrys of n&e Pease) Ford] had taken her Manchester" by W. V. and to see the night school, started Kathleen R. Farrar and E. L. by the Fords, very like the one Scott in Ambix, vol. 21, p. 195). set up by a character in F.H.B.'s Mohs met Dalton most likely book. at the house of William Henry (1774-1836), and there is a con­ siderable study of the scientific collaboration and interests which the two shared (pp. 208-228). DR. JOHN FOTHERGILL Chain of Friendship', selected letters of Dr. John Fothergill of DARBY FAMILY London, 1735-1780. With intro­ A good general account in The duction and notes by Betsy C. Darbys of Coalbrookdale by Barrie Corner and Christopher C. Booth. Trinder (Phillimore, 1974. ^i.oo) (Belknap Press of Harvard Uni­ mainly aimed at the growing versity Press, 1971.) number of interested enquirers A substantial and solid piece who visit this classical spot of the of work, much to be commended. Industrial Revolution. There are The editors betray some lack of diagrams, maps, illustrations and appreciation of the English pro­ a family tree. vincial scene, but this is more than redeemed by Christopher MADELEINE HOPE DODDS Booth's sensitive photograph of "Madeleine Hope Dodds, 1885- Carr End, Yorkshire—showing it 1972", an obituary by Ruth for what it is, not the stock­ Dodds appears in Archaeologia broker's place in the Sussex Aeliana, 5th series, vol. i (1973), Downs, but a working farm-place pp. 223-4. in a Yorkshire dale. NOTES AND QUERIES 267 JOSHUA GILPIN George R. Chapman has 4 'An American in Gloucester­ searched Friends' sources and shire and Bristol: the diary of recounts what is known of Joshua Gilpin, 1796-7", by A. P. George Gregson's sufferings, and Woolrich, reproduces Gloucester­ indicates his service for Friends shire entries from the diaries of in Lisburn and Ireland. At his Joshua Gilpin, papermaker and own expense George Gregson Friend, concerning his English built the first Friends' meeting journey. The notebooks which house in Lisburn "a small plain survive are preserved in the thatched building in his back Pennsylvania State Archives, garden, with an entrance from Harrisburg, Pa. They show that Schoolroom Lane (now Railway Joshua Gilpin was interested in Street)". This building escaped industrial processes and com­ destruction in the great fire of mercial affairs, and he seems to Lisburn in 1707. A copy of his have had little difficulty in will is preserved among Friends' collecting information which he records at Lisburn Meeting House, wanted. and it records a bequest to "Poor (Transactions of the Bristol Friends in the County of Lan­ and Gloucestershire A rchaeological caster where I was born". Society, vol. 92 (1973), pp. 169- George Chapman has presented 189.) a copy of the article, and it is in At Cheltenham, 25 July, 1796, Friends House Library. he "Called on a gentleman name of Rich, a Quaker; but 2 families GRIGG OF MILNTHORPE in the town. 0 "The domestic economy of the On 12 February, 1797, he Lakeland yeoman, 1660-1749." arrived in Bristol, and records By J. D. Marshall (Transactions his movements until the I7th. of the Cumberland 6- Westmorland He put up at the White Lion in Antiquarian & Archaeological Broad Street, and called on Society, vol. 73 New series, 1973, Edward Harford (1720-1806). pp. 190-219), traces from many This began a busy time of visiting surviving records the farming Harfords, Lloyds, Warings, Dr. activities of the yeoman or Fox and Joseph Storrs Fry. He statesman in the Lake District. went to see "Champion's mach­ Few farmers probably had as inery for rolling lead", the Brass many as the fifteen or twenty Company, and Blaise Castle. pigs as the inventory of 1673 allows one to ascribe to John Grigg of Milnthorpe, "a member GEORGE GREGSON, d. 1690 of an outstandingly resourceful " Unpublished seventeenth- Quaker family". John's son, century tokens of Lisburn, co. Joseph, "was one of Westmor­ Antrim" by G. R. Chapman and land's leading entrepreneurs." W. A. Seaby (Seaby's Coin (S* Documents are quoted from medal bulletin, Nov. 1973, no. The Household account book of 663> pp. 394-6) records what is Sarah Fell (edited by Norman known of George Gregson, issuer Penney, 1920). of a copper token, 1659, of which a unique copy is in the Numis­ GURNEY MANUSCRIPTS matic collection at the Ulster The List and Index Society, Museum, Belfast. Special series, volume 6, consists 268 NOTES AND QUERIES of a List and index of Gurney Antiquaries of Ireland, vol. 101, Manuscripts at the Friends House part i, 1971, pp. 41-52) records Library, London, 1973, which the life and work of John reproduces a typescript of the Hancock who left ^1,000 for the Synopsis of the Gurney manu­ founding of Friends' School, scripts deposited in the Library Lisburn. The account is livelv,^ * of the Religious Society of and deals largely with John Friends. Prepared by Arthur J. Hancock's Quaker upbringing, Eddington in 1933, and subse­ which contributed lastingly to quently revised by him and his attitudes to life and social others. (Published and printed and political problems even after by Swift (P. & D.) Ltd., London. he severed his ties with the ^4.90.) This is a valuable key to Society of Friends. "For John a major manuscript collection. Hancock religion was a quality A less sedulous dedication to of life, not obedience to the forms shortened titles might help the of church membership." unaware; for instance "Opie, We are grateful to Bancroft p. 75", last line in entry for Clark of Street for bringing this MS 1/325, really indicates p. 75 article to our notice, and would in Margaret Eliot Macgregor's like to encourage others of our Amelia Alder son Opie: worldling members to bear the Journal in and Friend (Smith College studies mind when similar new material in modern languages, vol. 14, comes to their notice which no. 1-2, 1932-33), although this escapes our net. is not immediately apparent. HARTAS FAMILY BENJAMIN HAGEN Cruck-framed buildings in Rye- Edward Royle's Victorian dale and Eskdale, by R. H. Hayes infidels: the origins of the British and J. G. Rutter (Scarborough secularist movement, ijgi-i866 and District Archaeological (Manchester University Press, Society, Research report no. 8, 1974) includes mention of Ben­ I972» PP- 35~37) includes two jamin Hagen, formerly a Friend, references to houses in north but in the 18505 a socialist, a Yorkshire which belonged to the retired brewer, and worker in the Hartas family. The houses are: secularist cause in Derby. The STANGEND, DANBY. This re­ brief biography for Benjamin markable building stood until Hagen reads: b. 1791; a Quaker recently on a steep slope to the brewer, attracted to Owenism, north of the River Esk below c. 1841; retired in 1843 to spend Winsley Hill and about J mile more time on Owenism; president West of the village of Danby, by of the Derby Secular Society, a pannierman's "trod" from 1853; the backbone of Derby Cleveland to the coast . . . the freethought until he moved to east end was built, then the Brierly Hill; d. 1877. (Reasoner central bays, which are dated by 6 August, 1851). the inscription I.H. 1704 on the lintel over the door of the cross- JOHN HANCOCK, (1762-1823) passage, and finally the west end "John Hancock, Junior, 1762- . . . The deeds . . . only go back 1823", by Neville H. Newhouse to 1764 when it was known as (Journal of the Royal Society of Stang Farm. John Hartas was NOTES AND QUERIES 269 the owner [probably John Hartas 1928) and the late T. Edmund 1714-92, see George Baker, Un- Harvey (1875-1955). historic Acts, 1906] and the initials over the south doorway GILES HOWSON may be his. . . . A biographical notice of Dr. THATCH HOUSE, DANBY DALE. Giles Howson of Lancaster (d. Situated high up (altitude 600 1973) appears in Local population feet) on the west side of Danby- studies, no. n, Autumn 1973. It dale is Thatch House, which is is written by John Marshall of possibly the cruck-house des­ Lancaster University and deals cribed by G. Baker [in Unhistoric with Howson's work on plague acts, 1906, pp. 25-27] . . . and the and other diseases in north-west one in which George Fox, the England. Quaker, held meetings. It was in the occupation of the Hartas ANTHONY HUTCHINS family for several generations "Was your ancestor a Quaker?" before it was bought by John bv* Constance Church,' in The Hartas in 1655. John Hartas Cheshire family historian, no. 4, married Euphemia Rigg (of Oct. 1974, reproduces a brief Glaisdale?) in 1638. The building account in manuscript from the was of long-house type with Mayor's Files of Chester Corpora­ laithe, hay-house and tan-house. tion of the sufferings of Anthony The southern end of the house Hutchins. The account gives also with its thatched roof and oak information concerning the suf­ beams and rafters was demolished ferings of Deborah Maddock in before 1900. The chimney with the prison " Little Ease" at its smoke-hood was at the north Chester gaol. It was printed first gable end. in 1657 with the title Caines Bloudy Race, and as such appears in Joseph Smith's Descriptive JOHN WILFRED HARVEY catalogue of Friends9 books, 1867, (1889-1967) i. 1025. Some 2600 manuscript and typescript leaves mainly con­ CATHERINE IMPEY sisting of manuscripts of talks (1847-1923) and lectures on philosophical A letter from Catherine Impey, and religious subjects forming dated: Street, Somerset, England part of the collection of John W. March 5/90, to Booker T. Wash­ Harvey, professor of philosophy ington, is preserved, written on in the University of Leeds from the back of a circular (of 1932 to 1954, have been pre­ February 1890) concerning her sented to the Brotherton Library, publication Anti-Caste. The University of Leeds, by repre­ letter, with annotations, is sentatives of the Harvey family, printed from the Booker T. formerly of Leeds. In the Brother- Washington Papers in Library ton Library they come under the of Congress, in The Booker T. same roof as a large number of Washington Papers, Louis R. printed books presented by mem­ Harlan, editor, vol. 3 (1889-95), bers of the family over the last PP- 33-34- half century and more, since the The note states that "Miss time of William Harvey (1848- Impey published Anti-Caste from 270 NOTES AND QUERIES March 1888 until July 1895, 1748 to 1749, when he was except for a time in 1893-94, 1 'again in difficulties on account when it apparently did not of his creditors" [Leeds P.M. appear". In visits to the Uni­ minute book, 1712-1749, no. E2]. ted States from 1878 on­ The Yorkshire Quarterly Meet­ wards Catherine Impey became ing Registers digest at Clifford acquainted with several of the Street M.H., York, gives entries black leaders there, and her liberal for the marriage of James Lister, racial outlook coincided well with of Leeds, printer, son of Francis her other social and humani­ Lister of Wakefield deceased, to tarian activities. Rachel Jackson, of Tyersal, at Bradford, 3 ii 1734 [see H. R. HANNAH LIGHTFOOT Hodgson, Society of Friends in lan R. Christie dismisses pretty Bradford, 1926, p. 112]. James comprehensively the story of died 13 v 1753; and Rachel died George Ill's romance with 20 x 1753; both were buried at Hannah Lightfoot in an article Meadow Lane, Leeds. on "The family origins of George Rex of Knysna" in Notes and RICHARD MARCHANT (1702-1773) queries, N.S., vol. 22, no. i The Bath business career of (vol. 220 of the continuous Richard Marchant, a Friend, who series), Jan. 1975, pp. 18-23. assisted the Woods in the build­ ing development of 18th-century JAMES LISTER, PRINTER Bath, is briefly outlined in R. S. James Lister [see Jnl. F.H.S., Neale's article "Society, belief 41, p. 80; and 50, p. 131] was and the building of Bath, 1700- active in the Leeds printing 1793" in Rural change and urban trade, and was (between 1734 growth, 1500-1800: essays in and 1753) printer of the Leeds English regional history in honour Mercury. He appears in Elizabeth of W. G. Hoskins (Longman, Parr's Leeds M.Phil, thesis, 1973, I974)> PP- 257-8. on "Early Leeds printers". Mrs. The author concludes: "When Parr reproduces portions of the Richard Marchant died (1773) inventory of his goods prepared he must have possessed assets in 1746 when James was in worth at least ^30,000 including financial difficulties. The inven­ all his property in Bath, his loans tory gives details of some of his to Wood, and a ^6,000 share in stock, including works by Ben­ the Bristol Brass Company." jamin Holme, Thomas Story, and It may be recalled that Richard William Penn's No cross, no Marchant married Mary Goldney, crown] it is preserved in the widow, at Bristol, 28 ix 1751. Spencer Stanhope collection (no. The links with the Bristol Brass 2041) at Bradford Central Company go back further, to his Library. father, who had a protracted Yorkshire Friends' archives at dispute with the general meeting Carl ton Hill Meeting House show of the Brass Company which got that Leeds Meeting was active in as far as an abortive appeal to advice and assistance. The matter London Yearly Meeting in 1720 came up at each meeting from [see Bristol Men's Meeting minute May to October in 1746, and book no. 4, for 1716-1727, regularly through the winter of PP- 35, 35*, 36a-37, 45* 45*, NOTES AND QUERIES 271 57, 6ia, 64 (volume deposited in Henbury Hill, near Bristol in Bristol Archives Office, series 1852) was still conducting sales SF).] of portions of the property as late as 1875, although the main AYLMER MAUDE (1858-1938) plan is dated 1837. "Tolstoy and his Quaker", by With considerable clearance in Alfred Kazin (New York review the district in the past few years, of books, vol. 21, no. 19, 28 Nov. most of the street names have J 974> PP- 33-34)> gives a sketch disappeared from the map, but of Aylmer Maude's study and they included then Bristol Street, translation of Tolstoy's works. Clifton Street, Henbury Street, "An English businessman in Benson Street, Ford Street and czarist Russia, a committed Pease Street. Quaker, and a frequent visitor to Tolstoy's great estate at WILLIAM PENN Yasnaya Polyana", Aylmer The Oaths of Irish Papists no Maude knew Russian perfectly, evidence against Protestants: or, and with his Russian-born wife, A Warning piece to Jurors. In a Louise, translated Tolstoy's letter to a friend. [Signed at end:] principal works and could inter­ August i st. 1681. Yours Philan- pret Tolstoy's outlook and in­ glus. London: Printed for William fluence perceptively. Inghall the Eld. Book-binder. 1681. 12 pp. 4to. Entered at ALBERT KIMSEY OWEN Pi333 under PENN, WILLIAM, in The Huntington Library quar­ Wing's Short-title catalogue . . . terly, vol. 38, no. i (Nov., 1974), 1641-1700. p. 96, mentions the acquisition This work cannot be identified for the library of "a significant in the collections of William addition to the Albert Kimsey Penn's works examined, is not Owen collection on the Utopian recorded in Joseph Smith's Des­ community of Topolobampo in criptive catalogue, 1867. The Sinaloa, Mexico. Owen, a Quaker, printer is not known to have was a civil engineer from Penn­ worked for Friends, and seems sylvania who dedicated many unacquainted with Friends' dat­ years" at the end of the igth ing customs and forms of address. century to founding a city The ascription to William € 'based on cooperative principles''. Penn must be viewed with a good deal of suspicion, although THOMAS BENSON PEASE it is true that on occasion he did Eleanor M. Ford of Leeds has use the pseydonym "Philanglus", recently presented to the Brother- as is recorded in the British ton Library, University of Leeds, Museum catalogue. The work is estate plans and sales register and not in the Library at Friends documents for the Sheepscar House. There is a copy in the estate in Leeds, the property of Brotherton Collection at the Thomas Benson Pease (1782- University of Leeds. 1846). T. B. Pease had married * * * Martha Whitelock in 1814 at The National Library of Ire­ Bradford, and their son (Eleanor land report for 1973-74 notes Ford's grandfather), Thomas (p. 7) that documents concerning Pease (1816-1884, removed to the sale of the Co. Cork estates 272 NOTES AND QUERIES of the Penn family in 1711 have 1682; and William Readshaw's come to light during the listing daughter Christiana (b. 2 x 1670) of material in the Irish Land by his 2nd wife Ann (Spence), Commission archives. whom he married 12 xi 1668, * * * married Benjamin Homer of Leeds, 6 viii 1692. A manuscript copy of John William Dry den's Ode on the death of Readshaw removed to Pur cell is to be found on the Leeds some years before his recto of the preliminary leaf of death and his signature is found a collection of music in several at the end of notes on the first seventeenth-century hands, for­ meeting in the new Meeting House in merly the property of William Water Lane, Leeds, 24 vii 1699 (Carlton Penn and now in the Folger Hill archives, Ei). Among Library. The manuscript copy is the Carlton Hill Meet­ from the text printed 1698 in ing House, Leeds, archives is a letter ^25/9/3-4), dated Orpheus Britannicus. (Works of York, John Dryden: vol. 4—Poems, 24 iv 1703, from Thomas Ham- mond 1693-1696, University of Cali­ addressed "To William Readshaw att Benjamin fornia Press, 1974, p. 805.) Hornors In Leeds." * * * The registers record the death Edmund Rack's "Kurze Xach- of William Readshaw "of Leeds richt von dem Leben Wilhelm borelaine", 3 ix 1703; he was Penns, Esq., Eigenthiimers und buried Near Leeds. Anne Read­ Statthalters von Pensylvanien, shaw, "late wife of William worin zugleich seine Einrichtung Readshaw late of Leeds" died on dieser Provinz beschrieben und 15 ii 1711, aged 80 or 81, and was sein Character geschildert wird" buried at Leeds. appears at pages 167-243 of the These notes supplement the collection entitled Brittisches information given in a footnote Museum, oder Beytrdge zur in the Journal, xi (1914), p. in, angenehmen Lecture. A us dem with reference to Margaret Fox's Englischen. 19. Theil. Leipzig, im visit to Readshaw on her York­ Schwickertschen Verlage, 1778. shire journey in 1672.

WILLIAM READSHAW WILLIAM RECKITT OF BECKWITHSHAW "A Quaker prisoner in France William Readshaw, a sufferer (1756)" by Graham E. Rodmell in 1682, was of Beckwithshaw, of the Department of French, Pannal parish, near Harrogate. University of Durham (Eight­ By his first wife Jane (d. 16 vi eenth century studies, vol. 7, no. i, 1667, buried at Scotton) he had 1973, pp. 78-92) deals with the five children: William (b. 28 xii treatment accorded to William 1655), Elizabeth (b. i iv 1656), Reckitt (1706-69) who fell into Mary (b. 17 v 1658), Judith the hands of the French when (b. ii v 1661) and Grace (b. 18 the ship on which he was sailing ii 1665). to America was captured by a The eldest daughter, Elizabeth French privateer in the English (described in 1682 as "of York, Channel. The article studies spinster") married Thomas Ham- Voltaire's published account of mond, of York, printer, 17 vii Friends, and the possible in- NOTES AND QUERIES 273 fluence which this may have had DAVID RICARDO on Reckitt's reception, and uses The appearance of vol. n— Voltaire and Reckitt's Life (1799) General index to The works and in parallel columns to illustrate correspondence of David Ricardo, some of his points. edited by Piero Sraffa with the Minutes of Meeting for Suffer­ collaboration of M. H. Dobb ings are also quoted. (Cambridge University Press, 1973. ^3.50) reveals points con­ JOHN ROBERTS cerning Friends. The Memoirs of the Life of Ricardo was expecting Mr. John Roberts, by Daniel Roberts Phillips [identified by the editor (1746 and many later editions) as probably William Phillips and the encounters between John (1773-1828) the Quaker book­ Roberts, of Siddington and the seller and geologist] and Etienne village parson, are recalled in an Dumont to dine with him on article by J. B. T. Homfray nth March 1815 (Ricardo, Works entitled "George Bull, D.D., vol. 6, p. 180). 1634-1710" (Transactions of the On 9 March, 1816, Ricardo Bristol and Gloucestershire wrote: "The quakers, who are a Archaeological Society, vol. 92, very benevolent people, are about 1973. PP- 121-138). to open a saving bank in the George Bull ended his life as populous borough of Southwark, Bishop of St. David's, but near from which they anticipate the the beginning of his ecclesiastical happiest effects." (Vol. 7, p. 26.) career (1655) he was under the On 20 May, 1817, Ricardo was direction of the rector of Ubley, writing to John Barton to defend Somerset, William Thomas (well his theory of profits. John Barton known to Friends for his contro­ (1789-1852) of Chichester, bro­ versy with Quakers in Bristol). ther of Bernard Barton the poet, Soon after obtaining the living was one of the promoters of the of St. George's, Easton-in-Gor- savings bank, the Lancastrian dano, Somerset, Bull began to school and Mechanics' Institu­ have trouble with Friends. The tion of Chichester, his printed parish was full of ''Quakers and works are recorded in Joseph other wild sectaries". On one Smith's Descriptive catalogs of occasion "a Quaker sprang up Friends' books. At the time of and cried out in the sermon, writing John Barton was staying 'George, come down: thou art a at Clapham. (Vol. 7, p. 155.) false prophet and an hireling'. On 30 March, 1822, Ricardo The parishioners to a man fell on wrote to David Hodgson declin­ the Quaker and belaboured him", ing to enter a contest for the until Bull came down and caused Liverpool parliamentary seat. them to desist. David Hodgson was a partner in In 1658 Bull was presented to the merchant house of Cropper, a living at Siddington, near Benson & Co. at Liverpool. Cirencester, and he stayed there (Vol. 9, p. 182.) A few days later for 27 years, during which time Ricardo wrote to another: 'The occurred his tithe dispute with reflection that Mr. Hodgson and John Roberts. In 1685 he moved a few of his friends thought so to Avening, and was consecrated favourably of me as to be willing bishop of St. David's in 1705. to give me their aid in elevating 61 274 NOTES AND QUERIES me to the rank of a representative 1714", by Pat Rogers, Transac­ of Liverpool will always be a tions of the Bristol and Gloucester­ source of satisfaction to me/1 shire Archaeological Society, vol. (Vol. n, p. xiv.) 92, 1973, pp. 145-6.] Ricardo married Priscilla Ann Information at present avail­ Wilkinson on 20 December 1793. able does not enable us to say In the section "Independence whether he was the Henry and marriage" (vol. 10, pp. 36- Thomas, hooper, who married 46) there is some account of the Mary Tippett of Brislington, in marriage. Priscilla Ann Wilkin­ Bristol, 5 v 1675, or (as seems son was eldest daughter of the more likely) their son Henry, surgeon Edward Wilkinson (1728- born 26 iii 1680. In this latter 1809) the author of Wisdom, a case, he would have been a man poem [see Joseph Smith's Des­ of 34 when the tragedy occurred criptive catalogue], and she main­ (see Bristol Record Society's tained some connection with publications, vol. 26, p. 217). Friends after marriage. The birth of Ricardo's children was recorded in Friends' registers, GEORGE TROSSE but "not Members1'. There is a Andrew W. Brink, the author glimpse of Priscilla Ann Ricardo of the article on "Paradise Lost in Charlotte Sturge's Family and James Nayler's Fall" in our records (London, 1882). last issue, has edited "The Life of the Reverend Mr. George Trosse. WILLEM SEWEL Written by himself, and Pub­ Willem Sewel, as well as being lished Posthumously According the first Quaker historian of to his Order in 1714" (McGill— Quakerism of note, compiled the Queen's University Press, Mon­ second English and Dutch dic­ treal and London, 1974). George tionary (1691). He figures also as Trosse (1631-1713), a noncon­ a translator and as author of formist divine in Exeter, was one philological works. His work is of the very many seventeenth- extensively studied in X. E. century writers of spiritual auto­ Osselton's The dumb linguists: biographies, but he is one of the a study of the earliest English and few whose writing has the literary Dutch dictionaries (Oxford Uni­ quality necessary to attract the versity Press, 1973). modern reader. Although he makes only one allusion to HENRY THOMAS, d. 1714 Quakerism (a condemnation of Henry Thomas, buried 22 viii their alleged prophetic excesses), 1714 according to the Bristol the book will be of interest to Friends' registers, appears to be Friends both on account of the the "Quaker named Thomas" many parallels that exist between who, while making "well-inten­ Trosse's sufferings under persecu­ tioned efforts to calm the situa­ tion and those of Quakers, and tion, was trampled underfoot for Andrew Brink's Introduction, and crushed to death" in a Bristol which includes a reasoned exposi­ riot on 20 October, 1714, the day tion of the seventeenth-century of the coronation of George I. autobiographical convention and [See "Daniel Defoe, John Old- its relation to the psychology of mixon and the Bristol riot of "guilt" and "melancholy". NOTES AND QUERIES 275 ROBERT SPENCE WATSON (1784-1824) in the Gambia, A paper in Irish historical Hannah Kilham in Sierra Leone, studies, vol. 18, no. 72, Sept., and copies of letters by Mary J973> PP- 583-91, entitled "Lord Ann Bisshopp (1819-64) written Spencer on the Phoenix Park from West Africa, which are kept murders11 is based on a memo­ at Friends House Library. randum drawn up by Robert Spence Watson in 1889 after a AMERICA conversation in which Lord "Wealth, war and religion: the Spencer gave an account of the perfecting of Quaker asceticism, murders, which occurred in 1882 1740-1783", by Jack D. Marietta when he was Viceroy of Ireland. (professor of history in the The document is in the Spence University of Arizona, Tucson), Watson MSS, in the possession an article in Church history, of Mr. W. B. Morrell, of 99 South vol. 43, no. 2 (June I974)> PP- End Road, London N\\73. 230-41, is concerned with the response of Friends in America HEW WOOD to the problems posed by the Rosalind K. Marshall's The wars on the American mainland days of Duchess Anne. Life in the in the middle of the i8th century. household of the Duchess of The author ends: "The Quaker Hamilton, 1656-1716 (Collins, prophets . . . predicted a reward 1973), devotes a page or two for Friends who steadfastly (pp. 71-73) to the Scottish followed their consciences and Quaker, Hew Wood, who was suffered. And some were re­ employed by the Duchess of warded. They got liberty, secu­ Hamilton as head gardener at rity and peace." Hamilton for more than 25 years. Hew Wood held meetings in his AMERICAN REVOLUTION house at Hamilton, and it was European manuscript sources there (27 June, 1680) that the of the American revolution, by marriage took place of Margaret W. J. Koenig and S. L. Mayer Cassie and William Miller, gar­ (London and New York, Bowker, dener at Newark. William Miller 1974), is a useful survey of became famous as "the libraries and archives preserving Patriarch", and was employed documents and copies of material by the Duke and Duchess of throwing light on United States Hamilton at Holyroodhouse. history during the third and Hew Wood died 25 March 1701, fourth quarters of the eighteenth and was buried in his own garden; century. he left two sons, both Friends The "General Index" is not and both gardeners. comprehensive, so a careful read­ ing of the text is needed to pick AFRICA up all the Quaker references. Materials for West African These begin on the first page of history in the archives of the the inventory, with references United Kingdom, by Noel to the Penn papers among the Matthews (London, Athlone Stuart papers at the Bedford­ Press, 1973. £4), includes a note shire Record Office. Note is made on the papers describing some of of records for the period 1770- the work of Richard Smith 1821 in the hands of Fox Bros. & 276 NOTES AND QUERIES Co. Ltd., Tonedale Mills, Welling­ 1845 John Grubb Richardson ton, Somerset. Nearly a page is established his flax mill, and devoted to manuscripts, journals planned the model village which and letters at Friends House housed the workers. There are Library. There are notices of some striking photographs in the papers in the hands of Alien & survey. Hanburys, Colonel Q. E. Gurney, Worcester Cathedral Library, BRISTOL BRASS and the National Library of Bristol brass: a history of the Wales (Dillwyn diaries). industry, by Joan Day (David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1973. BARBADOS ^4.75), provides a comprehensive Jerome S. Handler in his The study of the industry, and notes unappropriated people: freedmen the activities of Friends in it in the slave society of Barbados during the i8th century. Abra­ (Johns Hopkins University Press, ham Darby, the Lloyds, the 1974) mentions the presence of Thomases, the Champions and Friends in the island. He quotes the Harfords all make an appear­ George Fox's message at a ance. The index is selective. Men's Meeting in Barbados, en­ couraging Friends to let their CANALS negroes go free "after a con­ Friends' hand in the financial siderable term of years, if they development of English canals is have served them faithfully, and glimpsed briefly in J. R. Ward's when they go, and are made free, The finance of canal building in let them not go away empty- eighteenth-century England (Ox­ handed*', (p. 29.) ford historical monographs), The author thinks that Fox's O.U.P., 1974- A-5°- words may have had some Evidence is adduced concern­ influence on Quaker slaveholders, ing the Leeds and Liverpool but not on others. He does not Canal, the Shropshire Canal and think that Friends' treatment of the Chesterfield Canal, in the their slaves had any measurable finance of which Friends from effect on the persecution of various parts of the country Friends in the island, although participated, illustrating "the this may have added another possibilities for the long-distance reason for the sufferings which recruitment of capital offered by they had to undergo on account the exceptional cohesion of the of their conscientious objections sect" (p. 79). to militia service and to enforced One of the most noted names contributions for the upkeep of in this connection is that of John the Anglican ministry, and of Hustler, of Bradford, woolstapler their criticism of the standards and treasurer of the Leeds and of morality and behaviour ele­ Liverpool until his death in 1790. ments in the white population. CARMARTHENSHIRE, 1710 BESSBROOK, Co. ARMAGH The first portion of the record Newry area plan (Belfast, Her of an ecclesiastical visitation of Majesty's Stationery Office, 1973. parishes in the archdeaconry of ^1.50) covers the area of Bess- Carmarthen, July-August, 1710, brook, outside Newry, where in undertaken by Archdeacon Ed- NOTES AND QUERIES 277 ward Tenison (1673-1735) is public and the working classes. printed in The National Library Three Friends, Edward Shipley of Wales journal, vol. 18, no. 3, Ellis (d. 1879), and the brothers 1974, pp. 287-307, from a manu­ Edward (architect) and Alfred script among the Church in Howard (solicitor) Burgess, are Wales records deposited in the mentioned in the article. National Library of Wales. The following items appear: DARLINGTON LLAN LLWCH. About a mile Darlington Newspapers, by from Carmarthen is Llan Llwch, John Robert Page (himself a a Chapell of ease to it. Q. if there long-serving member of the staff is not a Quakers meeting at this of Darlington newspapers), is the Place? [p. 295]. third in the Darlington Public LLAN DDEWI WELFRI. There Library local history publica­ are in the Parish two Families of tions series (1972. 3op). This Dissenters, one of Quakers, pamphlet provides a good outline another of Anabaptists, [p. 299]. of the activities of the North of LLACHARN. In the Parish are England Newspaper Company, two Meetings one of Quakers and formed in 1903 by Arnold Rown- another of Presbyterians. They tree and others, and the local are both of a long standing. The interests of the Westminster Quakers have continued ever Gazette group. There are illus­ since the reign of K. Charles II, trations of the front pages of & the Presbyterians were here papers from 1772 onwards. in K. James's reign. . . . There It is enlightening to find that Quakers are two families, & there in the election for parliament are besides two other Dissenters after Darlington had received its that call themselves Antino- charter of incorporation in 1867, mians. A Charity of 505 a year Henry King Spark, proprietor of was left by Matthew Warren of the Darlington and Stockton Bristol to buy bread for the poor, Times, although he received the which is distributed every Sun­ popular acclaim by show of hands day. [Reference to Endowed at the hustings, he was dealt a Charities, County of Carmarthen, crushing defeat at the polls by London, 1901, pp. 100-101, 105] Edmund Backhouse. [P- 307]. DUBLIN NATURALISTS COFFEE-HOUSES My Uncle John, Edward "The Leicester coffee-house Stephens's life of J. M. Synge, and cocoa-house movement0 by edited by Andrew Carpenter Malcolm Elliott (Transactions of (Oxford University Press, 1974. the Leicestershire Archaeological ^3-75)» contains the following and Historical Society, vol. 47 information: (1971-2), pp. 55-61) tells of the John Synge joined in Dec­ group of temperance sympathi­ ember 1885 the newly-formed zers who, between the late 18705 Dublin Naturalists' Field Club. and the end of the First World It is noted that "about half the War, set out to provide res­ members of the club were pro­ taurant facilities in the town not fessionally interested in science associated with the licensed and that about half were Quakers liquor trade for the general who, 'though they followed other 61 278 NOTES AND QUERIES avocations, were careful and the constables of "Burneham in accurate naturalists'." [p. 38.] this County" of money spent on "Eminent Quakers, who conveying Quaker prisoners to attended the meetings of the Colchester Castle (p. 203). Field Club, saw in a scientific examination of nature new and FOLLIES & GROTTOES unexpected evidence of the infi­ Barbara Jones: Follies dx nite wisdom of the Creator/' grottoes (2nd edition, 1974. Con­ [p. 40.] stable, London) at p. 152, gives a good account of the Goldney ESSEX grotto in Clifton, Bristol, and The Victoria history of the there is a striking sketch on the counties of England volume on facing page. The Goldney's ship­ Essex, vol. 6, edited by W. R. ping interests enabled them to Powell (Oxford University Press, get shells from the West Indies 1973. £20), covers portions of and elsewhere for the decoration. Becontree Hundred adjacent to The author deals also with Middlesex and fronting the William Reeve and Arnos Castle, Thames. Friends were active in Brislington (pp. 63-65). this area and there are brief sketches of their presence in East FRIENDS AT ENFIELD Ham (p. 32), West Ham (pp. A paper on "Non-Conformist 131-2), Walthamstow (pp. 299- Churches in Enfield" by G. W. 300) and Wanstead (pp. 334-5). Knight, published by the Plaistow meeting was held at the Edmonton Hundred Historical house of Solomon Eccles (d. 1683) Society (copy in Friends House in the 16703. The Barclays, the Library) gives a useful account (Elizabeth) Frys, the Gurneys, of the Quaker association with Luke Howard (1771-1864), and Enfield, which lasted from 1687 the Listers (Lord Lister's family) to about 1790, after which date all had homes in the district the meeting-house was sold. within easy reach of London. There is a photograph of Meeting * * * House Yard, which appears to Essex Quarter Sessions order derive its name from a Friends' book, 1652-1661. By D. H. Alien. meeting place. Mention is made (Essex edited texts, vol. i. Essex of George Fox as a frequent Record Office publications, no. visitor to Enfield, and of the 65. 1974) prints an order of Quaker goldsmith and banker Midsummer Sessions, 1656, John Freame, who lived at Bush against Quakers—"many idle, Hill. seditious and evill disposed per­ sons" who "doe travaile and GATESHEAD passe from County to County and A history of Gateshead, by from place to place propagateing F. W. D. Manders (Gateshead and spreading certaine desperate Corporation, 1973) has a brief and damnable opinions and De­ passage on Friends in the town, lusions0 and requiring that they and mentions the works of J. W. be arrested and brought to Steel around the beginning of this justice (p. 88). century. A record of October Sessions, Aspects touched upon include 1661, orders payment to one of the early visits by George Fox, NOTES AND QUERIES 279 the sufferings, and growth of ism notices meetings at Merthyr Quakerism in the district in the (Quaker's Yard), Cardiff, Swan­ i yth century. sea and elsewhere, and concludes From 1697 when Friends pur­ that Friends were "virtually a chased the site in Pilgrim Street, spent force in Glamorgan by Newcastle, for a meeting house, 1689". Quakers had been "trans­ local Quakerism was centred formed from the fiery, aggressive, there, and not until 1965 did a outgoing zealots of the 16505 into meeting again begin in Gateshead the placid, comfortable, in-group (on Sunday afternoon in a private quietists of the eighteenth cen­ house). tury".

GlLDERSOME M.H. GLORIOUS REVOLUTION "In Gildersome two Noncon­ The Quaker involvement in formist groups, the Quakers and politics during the reign of the Baptists, were established James II is discussed in brief in very early. The Friends' Meeting Stuart Prall, The Bloodless Revo­ House with its gateway on Street lution, England, 1688 (Anchor Lane dates from 1758 but this Books, A482. 1972. $2.50). replaced an earlier building in James II fs friendship with The Nooks." The above des­ William Penn is noticed, and the cription is printed beneath photo­ influence which James's move graph no. 99, which shows the towards toleration had in secur­ Meeting House, in David K. ing politically some support for Atkinson's Morley borough, 1886- himself from the protestant dis­ 1974: a pictorial history (Morley senters—in the event from the Borough Council, 1973. Baptists and Quakers rather than from the more influential Pres­ GLAMORGAN byterians and Independents. Glamorgan county history. Gen­ "The Quakers and the Baptists, eral editor: Glanmor Williams. however, were men of lesser vol. 4: Early modern Glamorgan, substance and of little or no from the Act of Union to the political experience. 0 (p. 143.) Industrial Revolution (Cardiff, It is probably a fair assessment distributed by the University of when the author says that "the Wales Press, 1974). This imposing mass of Englishmen—Anglican, volume includes chapters on the Dissenter, and Catholic—dis­ civil wars, politics and religion trusted Penn, hated Petre and during the Interregnum, econo­ his Jesuits, and feared the king". mic and social history during the (P- I53-) 1 7th and i8th centuries, and over 100 pages on " Religion and education in Glamorgan, 1660- GLOUCESTERSHIRE The Victoria History of the Beginning with Morgan Llwyd county of Gloucester, vol. 10 and John ap John and the con­ (Oxford University Press, 1972) troversies with the Baptists in mentions Friends in Westbury- the 16505, and continuing with on-Severn (meeting 1670, meet­ the sufferings of Friends ("pro­ ing house registered 1690, burial bably the most hounded of the ground 1724) and Woolaston (a sects"), the account of Quaker­ handful of Friends, 1676-81). 280 NOTES AND QUERIES

HAT HONOUR HUTTON-LE-HOLE Puritanism in north-west Eng­ Quaker Cottage, Hutton-le- land by R. C. Richardson (1972) Hole, next door to the "Hammer is interesting on the subject of and Hand" is a surviving long- the early opposition to hat house named the Quaker Cottage honour and shows that this did from its association with John not originate with Friends. Robinson, a Quaker, whose D. J. HALL daughter married John Richard­ son, a friend of William Penn. The stone with JR 1695 indicates the date of the rebuilding of HIGHWAYMAN QUAKER Robinson's house. The north end The Leeds Mercury, no. 559, is still a byre and the cross- for 21 September 1736, has the passage survived until the 19203. following account (under date­ Parts of crucks have been used line, London, Sept. 14): as lintels. [Research report no. 8 "On Thursday the 9th Ins­ of the Scarborough and District tant, Zachariah Whyat, a Archaeological Society, Cruck- Quaker, of Saffron Walden, framed buildings in Ryedale 6- going from thence to Stur- Eskdale by R. H. Hayes and bridge Fair, at Littlebury, he J. G. Rutter, 1972, p. 59.] met with on the Road a Brother Quaker, as he appeared IRISH RECORDS by his Dress and Talk, so they "Libraries and Archives. 10: became verv* familiar on the Ireland", by C. J. Woods and Road: Whyat tells his new R. J. Hunter (History, vol. 58, Brother he was going to the no. 194, Oct. 1973, pp. 392-396), Fair, to see what Pennyworth is a brief introduction to the he could buy, and in order to subject. The fact that Quaker do it, he had put 50 Guineas in records are at 6 Eustace Street, his Pocket; upon which his Dublin 2, is noted. The section Friend told him he must have on Northern Ireland runs: "At it, and immediately acted the the Friends' Meeting House, compleat Highwayman: Whyat Railway Street, Lisburn, Co. told him he had work'd hard Antrim, are preserved the records for it, and that he should not of various Quaker meetings in have it without taking some Ulster since 1674. See O. C. Pains for it, and immediately Goodbody, Guide to Irish Quaker took his Purse and Gold and records (Dublin, 1967)." flung it over the Hedge; the Rogue jump'd off his Horse IRISH WILLS and went to fetch it, and in the Wills and where to find them Interim, Whyat dismounted (Phillimore, published for the a poor, sorry Scrub of his own, British Record Society, 1974) and rode away with the includes sections on wills in Villain's Horse, which proves Scotland, Ireland, the Channel to be a fine Bay Stone Horse, Islands, the Isle of Man, and with four White Feet, and of north and south Wales, as well great value; which if nobody as each county of England, claims it, will go a great Way indicating the whereabouts of the towards his Loss." wills in the areas concerned. NOTES AND QUERIES 28l Wills of Friends at the Friends' Wilson Manross. (Oxford, Meeting House, 6 Eustace Street, Clarendon Press, 1974.) Dublin, and at Friends' Meeting The papers of the Society for House, Railway Street, Lisburn, the Propagation of the Gospel in are noted (p. 195) and the printed Foreign Parts in Lambeth Palace guides issued by the Irish Manu­ Library include minutes for the scripts Commission, 1957 anc* years 1701-1711 and from 1737 1967, edited by Olive Goodbody, to 1750, together with corre­ are quoted. spondence forother periods. These all relate to the English Church KENDAL and its affairs abroad, particu­ Roy Millward of Leicester larly in the American colonies. University contributes a per­ The (two) indexes point to ceptive chapter on "The Cum­ documents concerning Friends brian town between 1600 and and the missionary work of 1800" to the Festschrift volume George Keith. for W. G. Hoskins entitled Rural For Lambeth Palace Library change and urban growth, 1500- generally, see the article in our 1800 (Longman, 1974). There are last issue (pp. 165-69), "Records a couple of plans of Kendal (1614, of Quaker interest in Lambeth 1787) and the author describes Palace Library", by Melanie the growth of the town and its Barber. cultural amenities around the end of the i8th century. The two LEEDS FRIENDS, 1736 newspapers (the Whig Chronicle One source of historical infor­ and the Tory Gazette), the sub­ mation for filling in details of the scription library, the Natural economic activities of Friends is History Society, flourished, but that of the local newspaper. For there was no profitable ground instance, The Leeds Mercury, for for a theatre—not perhaps sur­ Dec. 14 and 21, 1736, contain prising in a place where between notices of the bankruptcy and 10 and 12 per cent of the popula­ sale of goods of Joshua North, tion at the time was estimated to of Leeds, merchant, some months belong to the Society of Friends. before the matter came before Leeds Preparative Meeting owing KINMUCK to his failure to satisfy all his In "The Kinmuck Meeting- creditors. House: a seventeenth-century Also, in the Dec. 21, 1736, scandal?" (Aberdeen University issue is a notice of a friezing-imll review, vol. 45, no. 152, Autumn erected at Sheepscar, Leeds, by 1954, PP- 369-379), Christopher William Whitelock. William J. R. Armstrong argues persua­ Whitelock (1705-74) was the sively for a date of 1680 or very Friend who married Martha shortly after for the building of Jackson in 1732 (see Beatrice the Kinmuck Friends' Meeting Saxon Snell, ''Martha Jackson's House. minority",/w/.F.#.S.,xlv (1953), pp. 6-14). LAMBETH PALACE LIBRARY Local newspapers are usually S.P.G. papers in the Lambeth scarce, even where they have Palace Library. Calendar and survived, and are rarely indexed. Indexes. Prepared by William So, before a search is begun, one 282 NOTES AND QUERIES needs to know the names of the underlet part for a Welch Friends concerning whom infor­ Chapel. mation is sought. [Signed:] Charles Barclay, warden." LISBURN This minute shows who were the The Ulster Architectural Heri­ freeholders of the property. tage Society list of historic build- Charles Barclay, warden of the ings . . . in . . . Lisburn, prepared school in 1823, was son of Robert by C. E. B. Brett, Lady Dun- Barclay and Rachel Gurney. He leath, in 1968 and 1969 (The was head of Barclay Perkins Society, Belfast. 6op), places the brewery, and at one time M.P. Friends' Meeting House, 21/23 for Southwark. He left Friends Railway Street, among the cate­ when he joined the militia during gory of buildings which are the Napoleonic wars. ''important and should be pre­ Roque's Map, 1746 [see Jnl. served wherever possible". The F.H.S., liii, 179] marks the site, information given on p. 8 is: "Q.M." in Fair Street. "The original thatched GEORGE W. EDWARDS church of 1674 escaped the great fire of 1707, but was LONDON LEAD COMPANY rebuilt and enlarged in 1793; 'The lead-mining landscape of parts of this church may have Alston Moor", a chapter in the been incorporated in the pre­ Landscapes of Britain series sent building, which dates (Macmillan, 1972) on Cumbria, from 1853. It has round- by Roy Mill ward and Adrian headed windows, and a U- Robinson, notices some of the shaped gallery on plain Tuscan results of the activities of cast-iron columns; pleasant the London Lead Company in the pews and restrained panelling. district, and sets the historical At the side, a small, charming, setting. The chapter is illustrated, and very unusual burial and in the suggested further ground with head-stones set reading is A history of lead mining out in a long row, to thirteen in the Pennines (1965) by Arthur Richardsons, and one other. Raistrick and Bernard Jennings. The exterior of the church is The reader will recall Arthur of painted stucco and quite Raistrick's volume on the Com­ seemly." pany issued as a Supplement to this Journal in 1938. LONDON, HORSLYDOWN Two further papers: "The Friends gave up their lease of London (Quaker) Lead Company Horslydown Meeting House, Fair mines in Yorkshire", by Arthur Street, in 1800, but recently I Raistrick (Memoirs of the North­ have come across the following ern Cavern 6- Mine Research minute, 3 April 1823, of the Society, vol. 2, no. 3, Sept., 1973, governors of Queen Elizabeth's pp. 127-131), and "The influence Grammar School in the parish of of the London Lead Company on Saint Olaves, Southwark: the development of Middleton- "[The Treasurer said] he had in-Teesdale; a lesson in good seen the holder of the original management/labour relations, lease of the Quaker Meeting 1750-1905", by R. A. Barnby House in Fair Street, who had (Durham County Local History NOTES AND QUERIES 283 Society bulletin, 15: December, Auckland) deals with the effects 1972, pp. 19-32). of military service legislation on conscientious objectors in New MATHEMATICAL PRACTITIONERS Zealand in the latter half of the The Mathematical Practitioners first world war when the flow of of Hanoverian England by Pro­ volunteers to the Expeditionary fessor E. G. R. Taylor (Cam­ Force had dwindled and conscrip­ bridge, 1966) is a sequel to the tion was introduced in the same author's earlier book on this country. The paper appears in theme, covering the Tudor and The New Zealand journal of Stuart period and probably con­ history, vol. 8, no. 2 (1974), taining some notices of Friends. pp. 118-36. This volume contains 2,282 bio­ graphical notices. At least six "No" OR "NAY" Friends are named. The work of "Scott could never remember George Graham (1673-1751) is whether his Quakers should say fully described. Notices are given "No" or "Nay". In an article by for George Dixon, Jeremiah G. A. M. Wood of the University Dixon, John Hadley, Stephen of Stirling, entitled "Scott's Horseman and Daniel Quare continuing revision: the printed (who belonged essentially to an texts of 'Redgauntlet' " (The earlier period). The information Bibliotheck, vol. 6, 1973, pp. about Jeremiah Dixon does not 12iff.), the author notes changes agree entirely with that in from the first edition, which had Raistrick's Quakers in Science both versions, for the Magnum and Industry. Professor Taylor opus edition. '' Unfortunately, does not mention Samuel Froth- changes are made in both direc­ eringham in this volume. tions at once, for 'Nay, Rachel' DAVID J. HALL becomes 'No, Rachel' in the same scene as 'No, my good NEW ZEALAND friend' is altered to 'Nay, my "Pacifists and anti-militarists good friend'." (p. 131.) in New Zealand, 1909-1914", by R. L. Weitzel (New Zealand NORTHUMBRIAN ARTISTS journal of history, vol. 7, no. 2, The artists of Northumbria: a *973> PP- I28-J47) is partly dictionary of Northumberland and based on papers at the Friends' Durham painters, draughtsmen Meeting House, Auckland, and and engravers, born 1647-1900 on the Charles R. N. Mackie (Marshall Hall Associates, New­ Papers, at Canterbury Museum, castle upon Tyne, 1973) is the Christchurch. Charles R. N. first in a series entitled Artists Mackie, a founder of the National of the Regions, and includes Peace Council, was a Baptist lay biographical notes of James preacher. The names of W. H. F. Edward Backhouse (1808-1879), Alexander, Henry Corder, John Myles Birket Foster (1825-1899), P. Fletcher, and other English John Edwin (Jonathan Edward) Friends are mentioned. Hodgkin (1875-1953), Claude * * * Edward Pease (i 874-1952^ 'The awkward ones—dealing Ernest Procter (1886-1935! with conscience, 1916-1918" by Charles James Spence (1848- P. S. O'Connor (University of 1905), and Robert Spence (b. 284 NOTES AND QUERIES 1871). The exhibition of Geo. Fox F. K. Prochaska of Cambridge, at Lichfield by the last-named at is a thought-provoking study in the Royal Academy in 1902 is a field where a good many mentioned. Friends must have found outlet for their energies. More than 40 OXFORDSHIRE charitable organizations are Oxfordshire (The buildings of studied and assessment made of England) by Jennifer Sherwood the part played by women. and Nikolaus Pevsner (Penguin Books, 1974. £5)» notices meeting PHRENOLOGY houses at Adderbury (1675), Note of articles on phrenology Banbury (1751), Burford (1710), in The Friend, 1846, vol. 4, Charlbury (1779), Henley-on- pp. 15-16, 35-37* 37-38, 54-55, Thames (1894) and Witney (early is made in the course of an 18th-century) as well as the article on phrenology in The school at Sibford Ferris, and Journal of modern history, vol. 46, Ellwood House at Crowell. no. i, March 1974.

PHILADELPHIA IN REVOLUTION POLITICAL ATTITUDES "Political mobilization and the Christopher Hill's Change and American revolution: the resis­ continuity in seventeenth-century tance movement in Philadelphia, England (Weidenfeld and Nicol- 1765 to 1776" by R. A. Ryerson son, 1974, £5)> has some wide- (William and Mary quarterly, ranging views and perceptive 3rd series, vol. 31, no. 4, Oct. assessments in fields which con­ J974> PP- 5^5-588), is based on tinually engage the interest of the author's doctoral thesis, and the historian of early Friends. gives statistical basis on which The author places emphasis on to gauge the influence of Friends the influence of the North in the in the politics of Pennsylvania spread of Quakerism, and quotes immediately before the revolu­ the enconium of Edward Bur- tionary war. rough in 1655, extolling the While it is true that Friends virtue which had come from mainly were neutral in the thence to the rest of the country: struggle for independence, and "and thou, O North of England, some were tories, yet the author who art counted as desolate and finds that among the younger barren, and reckoned the least sort there were numbers who of the nations, yet out of thee espoused the radical cause and did the branch spring and the even remained in good standing stem arise which gives light unto among Friends until the water­ all the regions round about." shed of 1775, after which time Likewise, attention is given to they could not engage in revolu­ radical criticism of the univer­ tionary affairs without risking sities and the professions in the disownment by the Society. 1650$. The writings of Richard Farnsworth, George Fox and PHILANTHROPY Samuel Fisher are quoted in this "Women in English philan­ context. thropy, 1790-1830" (Interna­ In the course of a chapter on tional review of social history, social attitudes, Christopher Hill vol. 19, pt. 3, pp. 426-45) by quotes the claim made by Francis NOTES AND QUERIES 285 Howgill before Bristol magistrates Pure from Pennsylvania", and in October 1654, that he and extracts Obadiah1 s consent just Edward Burrough were "free- before the real Simon Pure born Englishmen" who had arrives. Incidentally, Mrs. Cent­ served faithfully the Common­ livre may be credited with the wealth [note here that Besse's origin of the phrase "the real Sufferings has altered the "had" Simon Pure". of The Cry of Blood, 1656, to J. W. Bowyer suggests a play "have"]. by Newburgh Hamilton from which Mrs. Centlivre may have V IN QUAKER GUISE got the idea of using the disguise John Wilson Bowyer, The theme, but considers it more celebrated Mrs. Centlivre (New likely that she was burlesquing York, Greenwood Press, 1968. the language and "the sermons" Reprint of edition of 1952, Duke of Quakers whom she had heard. University Press.) He also points out that though This account of Mrs. Sus­ A Bold Stroke for a Wife was annah Centlivre (i667?-i723), extremely popular, it did not actress and author of 18 plays, receive much critical mention, is described as the first attempt except in The stage the high road at a complete study of "her life, to Hell (1767) in which it is writings, stage history and particularly objected to as mak­ literary relations" and includes ing a mockery of religion under a brief assessment of her use of the guise of satirizing the Quaker characters and of the Quakers. disguise of a Quaker. The farce A Gotham election QUAKER WOMEN (1715) includes among its Women and Protestant culture: dramatis personae a Quaker, the Quaker dissent from Puritan- Scruple, distinguished for his ism, by Jeanette Carter Gadt frankness and honesty. (Ph.D., University of California, Two other plays introduce the Los Angeles, 1974. 347 pages. use of the disguise of a Quaker Abstract in Dissertations abs­ for the purpose of furthering the tracts international, A, vol. 35, plot. In The Beau's duel (acted no. 3, p. I59I-A) studies "the 1702) Mrs. Plotwell is able to relationship between two Protes­ gain the upper hand of the tant ideologies and women in heroine's tiresome father by England and America during the appearing as a highly virtuous seventeenth- and eighteenth-cen­ Quaker, a disguise which she puts turies". "This study maintains off immediately after their mar­ that there was a necessary and riage. A Bold Stroke for a Wife compelling connection between (1718) contains both a Quaker Quaker doctrine and the unusual character, Obadiah Prim "a very participation of women in the rigid Quaker", one of the four sect." guardians whose consent must be obtained before the heroine RUSSIA can marry and enter into posses­ Dr. John S. Andrews of sion of her estate, and also the Lancaster University Library use of disguise by the hero, has kindly drawn our attention Feignwell, who appears as "Simon to an article "Quakers in early 286 NOTES AND QUERIES nineteenth-century Russia", by those of the South-east Scotland Arnold B. McMillin of the School Monthly Meeting of the Society of Slavonic and East European of Friends (CH 10). Studies, University of London (Slavonic and east European review, vol. 51, no. 125, Oct. SHEFFIELD 1973, PP- 567-79). "The development of a scienti­ The paper surveys briefly fic community in Sheffield, 1790- earlier contacts from the iyth- 1850: a network of people and century, but is mainly concerned interests", by lan Inkster (Trans­ with the land drainage work of actions of the Hunter Archaeolo­ Daniel Wheeler near St. Peters­ gical Society, vol. 10, part 2, burg under the patronage of the J973> PP- 99~I 3 I ) includes notices Emperor Alexander. The author of various scientific societies and draws usefully on George Ed- activities. "Robert Barnard, mondson's letters preserved at known as 'the Poet Laureate of Friends House Library. Sheffield" was a Quaker, a dealer The conclusion is: "Tenuous in staple wares and a radical poet and artificial as they may have who published a Variety of been, the friendly relations and fugitive pieces' in the town understanding achieved between around 1790 and 1791." (p. 103.) Quakers and Russians at this Robert Barnard moved to time have not been bettered or Coalbrookdale sometime after even equalled in the hundred and 1805. fifty years that have elapsed since then." SHEFFIELD ARCHIVES A description of the collections SCHOLES, YORKS. in Sheffield City Libraries A history of Quakerism in Archives Department by R. Liversedge and Scholes, by David Meredith (Northern history, vol. Blamires (the author, Friends 9, 1974, PP- I 39~I52) includes the House, Euston Road, London, following summary: I973- 75P-) *s an illustrated, "The Quakers have not referenced and thoroughly read­ deposited their archives, which able history of Friends in one remain at the Hartshead meet­ part of Brighouse Monthly Meet­ ing house and go back to the ing in the West Riding of seventeen-thirties. The Society Yorkshire. There is a useful map of Friends is represented in the to show the situation of Liver- Library archives by a few sedge, Cleckheaton, Scholes, the records relating to the burial Sepulchre and the M62 motor­ ground and library of the way. Handsworth Woodhouse meet­ ing of nineteenth-century SCOTTISH RECORDS date; and by family letters Among local records deposited addressed to Mrs. Eliza Payne in the Scottish Record Office and of Newhill in Wath and her noted by Margaret Sanderson, daughter Susannah, the wife assistant keeper in the Historical of Jonathan Peckover of Department there, in an article Wisbech (both Quaker fam­ in The local historian, vol. n, ilies), 1756-1800." [pp. 148- no. 3, August 1974, p. 128, are NOTES AND QUERIES 287 SLAVE TRADE degree of pure and disinterested The African slave trade and its virtue . . . beyond the example suppression: a classified and of the most virtuous communities annotated bibliography of books, of ancient times/' pamphlets and periodical articles, * * * by Peter C. Hogg (London, Politics and the Public Con­ Frank Cass, 1973). This useful science: Slave Emancipation and piece of work does not appear to the Abolitionist Movement in have drawn on the resources at Britain by E. F. Hurwitz (1973) Friends House Library, where, contains a number of references for instance, item 1493 might to Friends. The book reprints a have been identified, and the small but useful selection of name of Wilson Armistead (1819- documents, although only one, 68) given to the initials W.A. an 1833 letter from Thomas which sign Slavery illustrated Clarkson, appears not to be avail­ (Manchester, 1849) [see Joseph able in a printed form. The Smith, Descriptive catalogue, author points out that contact 1867, i. 125]. with Anglicans, and with other dissenters, in this context was SLAVERY responsible for the influence of An article by D. D. Wax, evangelical Christianity on entitled "Quaker merchants and Friends. He notes the increasing the slave trade in colonial Penn­ part played by Friends, particu­ sylvania' ' (Pennsylvania maga­ larly in finance, in the British zine of history and biography, and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society. 1962), dealing with economic DAVID J. HALL reasons encouraging the with­ * * * drawal of Pennsylvania Friends " Blacks and blackface on the from the slave trade, is men­ Irish stage, 1830-60" by Douglas tioned in Jacob Viner's The role C. Riach of the University of of Providence in the social order: Edinburgh (Journal of A merican an essay in intellectual history studies, vol. 7, no. 3 (December, (Jayne lectures for 1966: Memoirs I973)> PP- 231-241) concludes of the American Philosophical with a paragraph or two con­ Society, vol. 90, 1972, p. 84). cerning the abolitionist cam­ In the passage concerned the paigns of the middle of the late Professor Viner expressed century. ' '[Irish] abolitionists his little faith in the existence of were usually middle-class dis­ a purely economic or a purely senters, and the same high- non-economic man, and quotes minded principles that led them the contrary views of Adam into the movement to free the Smith and of James Dunbar slave also led them to ignore the concerning the Pennsylvania music hall as something un­ Friends emancipation of their worthy." It is true that "Richard slaves. Adam Smith said that Davis Webb, the Dublin Quaker, had slaves made any consider­ did have printed a parody of able part of Friends' property, 'Dandy Jim of Caroline' with the resolve to emancipate "could anti-slavery words11, but, the never have been agreed to". author concludes, "it is probable James Dunbar held that the that the cause of the Negro in resolution "seems to evidence a America suffered from the failure 288 NOTES AND QUERIES of the abolitionists in Ireland to YORK RETREAT condemn as wholly inaccurate The report for 1973-74 of the the image of the Negro most Borthwick Institute of Historical often presented on the Irish Research, University of York stage, and carried to America (p. 5), includes a note of records in the minds of countless Irish deposited in the Institute by the emigrants". committee of The Retreat. The deposit includes "much corre­ SOMERSET spondence addressed to William Footnotes in The Victoria and Samuel Tuke, as well as the History of the county of Somerset, official and medical records." vol. 3 (Oxford University Press, 1974. ^24), reveal the value of YORKSHIRE the monthly meeting minutes at "The pattern of nonconfor­ Street Meeting House as a source mity in south Yorkshire, 1660- of information concerning Friends 1851", by D. G. Hey (Northern in the districts of mid-Somerset history, vol. 8, 1973, pp. 86-118) covered by this volume. Friends has some dubious information appear widely scattered in the concerning Quakers in the dis­ district, although Long Sutton trict. A footnote on p. 89 credits is the only meeting of which any George Fox with establishing at considerable record is given and Balby and Pontefract in 1646 which continues today. Entries monthly meetings, which kept occur under the parishes of "baptism registers". Aller, Charlton Mackrell, East Meeting houses at Balby and Lydford (home of John Clothier, Darfield are recorded in 1669; c. 1656), Ilchester (and the and the High Flatts, Wooldale and prison), Langport, Long Sutton, Lumb Royd (Penistone) meeting Montacute, Muchelney, North- houses are also mentioned. The over (Ilchester, the home of author gives tabular returns of Jasper Batt), Pitney, Somerton, Friends in various parishes based and Stoke sub Hamdon. on visitation returns of 1743 and S. C. Morland is noted as 1764, and a summary from the having provided information. 1851 Ecclesiastical census returns. "By 1851 the Quakers still had SOUTH CAROLINA eight meeting-places but had a " 'Camden's turrets pierce the total attendance of only 1,231. skies': the urban process in They were scattered, and almost the southern colonies during the finished as a force to be reckoned eighteenth century" by Joseph with." A. Ernst and H. Roy Merrens * * * (William and Mary quarterly, A history of the county of York, 3rd series, vol. 30, no. 4, Oct., East Riding. Edited by K. J. *973> PP- 549-574)> traces some Allison (Victoria History), vol. 2 of the origins of Camden, S.C. (Oxford University Press, 1974). in the early 17505 when a This volume deals with Dickering number of Irish Quakers moved Wapentake. Friends are men­ and settled as a group in the tioned in the parishes of Bridling- area. Robert Millhouse built a ton, Filey, Foston on the Wolds, gristmill and Samuel Wyly Fraisthorpe, Garton on the seems to have set up a store. Wolds, Kilham and Thwing.