Volume 11 Number 1 Summer 2004
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Summer 2004 KENTUCKYARCHAEOLOGY The Newsletter of the Kentucky Organization of Professional Archaeologists Tanya M . Peres , News/el/er Editor , Department of Anthropo logy , Univer sity of Kentuck y, I 020A Export St., Lexington , KY 40506 PRESIDENT'S CORNER work with the EBCI and other Native American Michael W French groups. KYOPA has also committed to working on the Limits of Acceptable Change (LAC) pro Getting Involved. Staying Involved. cess cunently underway for the Red River Gorge Recreation Area in the Daniel Boone National It has been a busy year for KYOPA and you Forest. This is a long-term consultation effort un should all take p1ide in the efforts your colleagues dertaken by the Forest Service to identify how have made on behalf of the Organization . This is people use the Red River Gorge and how best to sue of the KYOPA Newsletter includes articles maintain the Gorge's environmental integrity. The summarizing some of these activities . Our recent end result of the LAC process will be the zoning consultation eff 01is on the proposed Louisville of the gorge into specific activity areas with re Bridges project in Jefferson County and the nearby strictions on certain activities in ce1iain zones. The River Road expansion project , have demonstrated KYOPA Board of Directors formed a Red River KYOPA's ability to successfully work with Fed Gorge Consultation Committee and KYOPA rep eral and state agencies to help ensure the cultural resentatives have been present at all of the LAC resources are not neglected . KYOPAhas also com meetings to date. KYOPA members have also taken mitted to developing constructive relationships individual initiative . Anne Bader has tirelessly with contemporary Native American tribal groups worked to bring amateurs and professionals to with historic roots in Kentucky . Darlene Applegate gether through the Falls of the Ohio Archaeologi and Kelli Cannean kicked off this effort with their cal Society (FOAS) , which she founded and cur recent trip to Cherokee , North Carolina to meet rently serves as president. You can learn more about with the Elders of the Eastern Band of Cherokee FOAS at their website (http: // www.falls Indians (EBCI) (see their article in this issue). This society.org /). FOAS meetings are held monthly at informal visit provided an opportunity for the Falls of the Ohio State Park Interpretive Cen Kentucky's professional archaeological commu ter across the Ohio River from Louisville . Several nity and representatives of the EBCI to start get KYOPA members have given talks to FOAS in ting acquainted and we hope we can find ways to recent months including Ryan Peterson , Charles Hockensmith , Berle Clay, Susan Neumeyer along Volume 11, No. l (Summer 2004) Kentucky Archaeology Page 1 - with yours truly, Michael French, and Ken Enclosed, you will find a survey form you Carstens. I was pleased to see that several FOAS can fill out to communicate your desire to partici members attended a recent Red River Gorge LAC pate as an active member of KYOPA either as an meeting held in Winchester, Kentucky to voice Officer, Board Director, or member of one or more their concerns about he preservation of Archaeo of the various action committees. Please take the logical sites. time to complete the form so that you can stand up As these efforts show, KYOPA has come a long way over the past few years, and we have National Register of Historic Places managed to work as a professional community to Listings for Kentucky tackle issues that affect the preservation of cul Since January 2004 tural resources and the profession of archaeology. There is more that KYOPAcan and should take on BARREN COUNTY as responsibilities, but the Officers and Board of Directors also need to make sure we do not over Glasgow Central Business District (Bound extend the resources of the Organization. We are ary Increase), roughly bounded by Water St., approaching the limits of what KYOPA can do Broadway St., Wayne St., and Liberty St., without the help of additional active members and Glasgow, 03001228, listed 2/09/04 we need more help from you, the KYOPA mem Ralph Bunche Historic District, roughly bers. bound by E. College St., Landrum St., Twyman Ct, and S. Lewis St., Glasgow, 04000247, listed So, I am taking the opportunity with this 3/31/04 President's Comer column to rally you all to get more involved. I appreciate that you are all busy. BOURBON COUNTY All of us are committed to our professional lives Little Rock-Jackstown Road Rural Historic whether we work at a university, a government District, along Little Rock-Jackstown and Soper agency, or for a CRM firm. Some of us even take Rds., Little Rock vicinity, 04000246, listed 3/ time for our family. Finding those extra (unfunded) 31/04 hours to get involved representing KYOPA may seem out of reach. But KYOPA needs your involve FAYETTE COUNTY ment if we are going to succeed as an organiza tion. African Cemetery No. 2,419 E. Seventh St., Lexington, 04000245, listed 3/31/04 My term as President comes to an end in Janu Graves Tavern, off U.S. 60, Versailles vicin ary 2005 and we can all look forward to Dr. Darlene ity, 83002766, additional documentation ap Applegate, our current President-elect, picking up proved 3/12/04 (Early Stone Buildings of Cen the reins of the organization and guiding us into tral Kentucky TR) the next two years. KYOPA will hold an election to fill the position of President-elect this coming JEFFERSON COUNTY winter along with any additional Officer or Direc Louisville Metropolitan Area Lustron tor positions that are vacant. The Board of Direc Homes, MPS, 64500879, cover documentation tors also needs volunteers to work with various accepted 2/11/04 committees organized to address education, Na tive American consultation, and consultation on Virginia Avenue Colored School, 3628 Vir civil construction projects that may impact ar ginia Ave., Louisville, 04000244, listed 3/31/ chaeological sites. 04 Volume 11, No. 1 (Summer 2004) Kentucky Archaeology Page 2 I and patiicipatc in the building of KYOPA over the When archaeological sites arc found to have next few years. You may mail your survey form to almost any type of data (and integrity) they are me at the address listed on the form, you may also usually determined to be eligible. This ce1iainly send me an e-mail to [email protected] violates the intent of the National Register to rep if that would be more convenient. As an organiza resent the most significant national heritage re tion, KYOPA's greatest challenges are ahead and sources and may even violate the letter of the cri you have an imp01iant role to play if you are will terion. Criterion D states that a site must contain ing to step forward and take the responsibility. ~ information that is "important in prehistory or his tory." This language was added specifically to restrict the listing of sites (Townsend 1994). What does "important" really mean? I believe that in FEATURE ARTICLE the context of the National Register important means that sites have data to contribute to impor tant research questions. This is fundamentally THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL different than having data that can contribute to PROBLEM IN CRM any research question. Additionally, if there are Christopher D. Dore, ACRA President many other sites that have these same data, the value of the site is dramatically diminished. Fun Reprinted with the kind permission of Christo damentally, the Section 106 process is about val pher D. Dore, President of the American Cul ues: what is the value of a particular resource in tural Resources Association (ACRA). This relation to the societal value of a project that may article originally appeared in the April 2004 affect the resource. ACRA Edition volume 10:2, pp. 3-5. One SHPO at a conference I recently attended The recent attacks against Section 106 of the reported that in her state approximately ninety National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) by our percent of archaeological resources that were client industries ( e.g. telecommunications, mining, evaluated were determined to be eligible for list oil/gas) are largely driven by the fact that cultural ing! When ninety percent of resources are con resource compliance takes too long. Time trans sidered eligible, we have a fundamental problem. lates into money and it is financial concerns that It is definitionally impossible that nearly all re drive our clients' business decisions. The overall sources represent the most significant of our costs of compliance, however, are not really due nation's resources. Why is this happening? Two to our direct costs, but instead due to the costs of major problems are the lack of scientific rigor and project delays. Many times the delay of a single inconsistency. day costs more than the entire cost of cultural com pliance! Under Criterion D, contexts are driven by research concerns. Many of our archaeological More often than not, it is the archaeological CRM practitioners don't read research journals, component of our compliance efforts that take the attend research meetings, or contribute to the body largest amount of time. Conducting identification of scientific knowledge. Without a detailed un survey work is time consuming and very labor in derstanding of cun-ent research questions and the tensive. Additionally, a higher proportion of ar data needed to address these questions, how can a chaeological sites is found eligible for listing in resource be adequately evaluated? We must en the National Register of Historic Places (National sure that our archaeologists making important eli Register) than other types of resources. This is gibility evaluations under Criterion D are active primarily due to Criterion D.