Science for Diplomacy: Multi-Disciplinary Training Program
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Science for Diplomacy: Multi-disciplinary Training Program DIPLOMAZIA2 Science and Knowledge for Diplomacy Francesco Toschi, Anna Rita Appetito, Virginia Coda Nunziante DIPLOMAZIA2 – SCIENCE AND KNOWLEDGE FOR DIPLOMACY Editors: Francesco Toschi, Cnr – Struttura di Particolare Rilievo “Relazioni Internazionali” Anna Rita Appetito, Cnr – Ufficio Relazioni Europee e Internazionali Virginia Coda Nunziante, Cnr – Struttura di Particolare Rilievo “Relazioni Internazionali” [email protected] Text revision: Stefania Zitelli Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Piazzale Aldo Moro, 7 00185 – Roma Italy http://www.cnr.it © CNR Edizioni, 2017 P.le Aldo Moro 7 00185 Roma ISBN: 978 88 8080 253 2 Book partially funded from Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation - Directorate General for Development Cooperation and Italian Agency for Cooperation and Development. Table of Content Chapter 1 Introduction ................................................................................ 5 Chapter 2 Involved Structures ..................................................................... 9 2.1 International Relations Office .......................................................... 10 2.2 Department of Earth system science and environmental technologies ................................................................................................. 10 2.3 Department of Biology, agriculture and food sciences .................... 12 2.4 Department of Social sciences and humanities, cultural heritage .... 17 Chapter 3 Course 1 Environment/Climate Change/Resilience with particular reference to the Mediterranean Area ........................................... 23 3.1 Course 1 Coordinator, Objectives and Results ................................. 24 3.2 Course 1 Fellows ............................................................................... 27 3.3 Tutors and Lecturers ........................................................................ 72 Chapter 4 Course 2 Management and Use of agro-food resources with the aim of fostering sustainable agriculture and arboriculture as well as of reducing the physical and biological effects of climate changes................. 125 4.1 Course 2 Coordinator, Objectives and Results............................... 127 4.2 Course 2 Fellows ............................................................................ 129 4.3 Tutors and Lecturers ...................................................................... 185 Chapter 5 Course 3 Governance of knowledge, management, preservation, promotion and sustainable fruition of Cultural Heritage ... 234 5.1 Course 3 Coordinator, Objectives and Results ............................... 239 5.2 Course 3 Fellows ............................................................................ 241 5.3 Tutors and Lecturers ...................................................................... 281 Chapter 6 Conclusions ............................................................................. 339 Preface Science for Diplomacy is a fundamental tool for the development of International Cooperation, as it tries to ease, refine and enrich the relations and cooperation between countries. Exchange of knowledge and innovation is one of the means to encourage scientific cooperation which in turn is an essential element for international diplomacy. Since its creation, CNR played a decisive role in fostering scientific collaboration between countries, sometime, divided by ideological barriers: in fact, in 1923, the National Research Council was founded with the purpose to join the International Research Council (now International Council for Scientific Union, ICSU), a world scientific organization specifically conceived to allow collaboration among scientists from all countries, including those who, at that time, were working beyond the Iron Curtain. Those were the years when the awareness of the importance of science as a fundamental component of diplomacy started to grow. In fact, sharing knowledge that crosses states’ boundaries, allows to overcome the cultural barriers that often separate nations. Having this in mind, CNR developed the project "Science for DIPLOMAzia2": a multi-sectoral training program" funded by MAECI-DGCS and AICS. With this project, CNR has proposed three specific training courses (“Environment and Climate Change”, “Agro-Food” and “Cultural Heritage”) whose aim was to give researchers from the Mediterranean, Middle East and Balkan countries, the chance to carry out scientific activity in these fields. The six months of joint activity have produced excellent collaboration between the foreign students and the Italian teachers but also between all participants. This booklet intends to leave a trace of what was scientifically produced by the 27 researchers during their training period which can be considered as a first segment of collaboration to be furtherly developed in the future, as happened with the DIPLOMAzia1 program. In this project, scientific research has confirmed that science is able to get peoples closer; the exchange and transfer of "knowledge" helps development, enhances partnerships and dialogue and overcomes historical and cultural differences, enabling integration and coexistence between people with different habits, laws, and mindsets. Virginia Coda Nunziante Chapter 1 Introduction Diplomazia2 is framed within the program "Science for Diplomacy: Multi- disciplinary Training Program", and it is the result of closer and more mature collaboration between the Directorate General for Cooperation on Development of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (MAECI), the Italian Agency for Cooperation on Development (AICS) and the National Research Council (CNR). The implementation of joint projects such as DIPLOMAzia2 highlights the effectiveness of the diplomacy-science partnership as the driving force behind the achievement of relevant goals jointly pursued by the international community. Research and science in particular show that, like many other times in experiences, they can be an extremely effective "diplomatic" tool for the strengthening of international relations and intercultural dialogue, often able to build where conventional channels instead fail. The specific objectives of the project are to foster the consolidation of the beneficiaries’ expertise and knowledge, and to intensify the network of collaborations through new partnerships for scientific and technological cooperation between Italy and the countries of origin, via new collaborative research projects or career development. Through the highly qualified semi-annual professional training organized by the National Research Council in the thematic areas covered, the beneficiaries will be able to consolidate their experience and acquire new knowledge to be employed in the workplace of their countries of origin. 5 DIPLOMAzia2 intends to undertake a public cooperation action on development for the countries benefiting from the initiative, aiming to strengthen the process of institutional capacity building and local governance. DIPLOMAzia2 will be a strategic investment of international cooperation for the global growth of the beneficiary countries, giving a solid contribution to improving the participants’ individual working capability and revenue- generating skills. It will be then possible to improve the work system production processes in the environment, agro-food and cultural heritage sectors. DIPLOMAzia2 follows the positive results achieved by the pilot initiative "DIPLOMAzia1", that opened the door to the possibility of a new programming cycle, of which DIPLOMAzia2 represents a new expression. DIPLOMAzia2 is being proposed under the European Year for Development, which will also mark the deadline for the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), whose aims will be reiterated in an increasingly ambitious context such as: the proliferation of negotiations for the definition of the future Development Agenda or the Paris Conference hosting the COP21. All appointments where global challenges such as the creation of a global sustainable development model, food and nutrition security, environmental protection and mitigation of climate effects, energy supply, increasing pressure on resources, which will be on the agenda of all international decision-making tables. In accordance with the guidelines and programming designed by the Italian Cooperation for Development, DIPLOMAzia2's action will be of interest to the countries of the North-Africa, the Middle East and the Balkan Region, which, being located nearby Italian borders, are of particular strategic importance for our country. In particular, recipients of the initiative will be officials and graduates from Tunisia, Egypt, Lebanon, Albania, Montenegro and Serbia who will benefit from a cultural and professional development course organized by CNR on key themes of scientific and technological research in: 1. Environment / Climate Change / Resilience with particular reference to the Mediterranean area; 2. Management and use of agro-food resources aimed at the sustainability of agriculture and arboriculture, and the 6 mitigation of the physical and biological effects of climate change; 3. Governance of knowledge, management, preservation, enhancement and sustainable use of Cultural Heritage. The internationalization of scientific and technological research represents an important strategic goal of the European scientific policy, essential to economic growth and to address the new social challenges on