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Hausein, an Aniatomiiist at the U'niversity of Bonni
I 0 5 Early Research on Pleistocene Races in Europe: Putting Neandertal Man's Head Together Stephen R. Holtzman' The validity of putative associations of disarticu- A most remarkable peculiarity is at once obvious in the lated hominid fossil remains has been a recurrent extra-ordinary development of the frontal sinuses, owing to which the superciliary ridges, which coalesce theme in the history of interpretations of human completely in the middle, are rendered so prominent, evolution. The debate over the supposed affinity, and that the frontal bone exhibits a considerable hollow or the ultimate demonstration of the lack of association, depression above, or rather behind them, whilst a of the mandible and calvarial fragments from deep depression is also formed in the situation of the Piltdown is the most notorious example. Simons' root of the nose. The forehead is narrow and low ... (1961) more recent taxonomic association of (trans. in Busk 1861:156). "Bramapithecus" and "Kenyapithecus" with All the remains were "characterized by their unusual Ramapithecus in another controversial example. thickness, and the great development of all the eleva- Perhaps the earliest case of an error of association is tions and depressions for the attachment of muscles" that of the Neandertal calvaria and the La Naulette (Ibid: 158). mandible, now recognized as belonging to the same One of the difficulties with the man from Neander- taxon, Homo sapiens neanderthalensis. Studies dealing tal was the question of his antiquity. It was not possible with the affinities of these two specimens took place to date with assurance the remains, as they were not durinig the debate betwseen scholars favoring dar- clearly associated with animal remains. -
The Following Is Most of the Text of the Presentation I Did at Readercon 29
The following is most of the text of the presentation I did at Readercon 29. I ran out of time, so I wasn't able to give the entire talk. And my Powerpoint file became corrupted, so I gave the presentation without the images, as I'd originally planned. Here, then, is the original, as requested by a couple of the folks who attended the presentation. THE HISTORY OF HORROR LITERATURE IN AFRICA IN THE 20TH CENTURY Horror literature has not been restricted to the United States, the United Kingdom, and Europe, despite what critics and historians of the genre assume. Most countries which have a flourishing market for popular literature have seen natively-written horror fiction, whether in the form of dime novels, short stories, or novels. This is true of the European countries, whose horror writers are given at least a cursory mention in the broader types of horror criticism. But this is also true of countries outside of Europe, and in countries and continents where Western horror critics dare not tread, like Africa. Now, a thorough history of African horror literature is beyond the time I have today, so what follows is going to be a more limited coverage, of African horror literature in the twentieth century. I’ll be going alphabetically and chronologically through three time periods: 1901-1940, 1941-1970, and 1971-2000. I’d love to be able to tell you a unified theory of African horror literature for those time periods, but there isn’t one. Africa is far too large for that. -
2019 Oregon Administrative Rules Compilation
2019 OREGON ADMINISTRATIVE RULES COMPILATION CHAPTER 736 Parks and Recreation Department Published By DENNIS RICHARDSON Secretary of State Copyright 2019 Office of the Secretary of State Rules effective as of January 01, 2019 DIVISION 1 PROCEDURAL RULES 736-001-0000 Notice of Proposed Rules 736-001-0005 Model Rules of Procedure 736-001-0030 Fees for Public Records DIVISION 2 ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIVITIES 736-002-0010 State Park Cooperating Associations 736-002-0015 Working with Donor Organizations 736-002-0020 Criminal Records Checks 736-002-0030 Definitions 736-002-0038 Designated Positions: Authorized Designee and Contact Person 736-002-0042 Criminal Records Check Process 736-002-0050 Preliminary Fitness Determination. 736-002-0052 Hiring or Appointing on a Preliminary Basis 736-002-0058 Final Fitness Determination 736-002-0070 Crimes Considered 736-002-0102 Appealing a Fitness Determination 736-002-0150 Recordkeeping, Confidentiality, and Retention 736-002-0160 Fees DIVISION 3 WILLAMETTE RIVER GREENWAY PLAN 736-003-0005 Willamette River Greenway Plan DIVISION 4 DISTRIBUTION OF ALL-TERRAIN VEHICLE FUNDSTO PUBLIC AND PRIVATELY OWNED LANDMANAGERS, ATV CLUBS AND ORGANIZATIONS 736-004-0005 Purpose of Rule 736-004-0010 Statutory Authority 736-004-0015 Definitions 736-004-0020 ATV Grant Program: Apportionment of Monies 736-004-0025 Grant Application Eligibility and Requirements 736-004-0030 Project Administration 736-004-0035 Establishment of the ATV Advisory Committee 736-004-0045 ATV Operating Permit Agent Application and Privileges 736-004-0060 -
Portuguese Language in Angola: Luso-Creoles' Missing Link? John M
Portuguese language in Angola: luso-creoles' missing link? John M. Lipski {presented at annual meeting of the AATSP, San Diego, August 9, 1995} 0. Introduction Portuguese explorers first reached the Congo Basin in the late 15th century, beginning a linguistic and cultural presence that in some regions was to last for 500 years. In other areas of Africa, Portuguese-based creoles rapidly developed, while for several centuries pidginized Portuguese was a major lingua franca for the Atlantic slave trade, and has been implicated in the formation of many Afro- American creoles. The original Portuguese presence in southwestern Africa was confined to limited missionary activity, and to slave trading in coastal depots, but in the late 19th century, Portugal reentered the Congo-Angola region as a colonial power, committed to establishing permanent European settlements in Africa, and to Europeanizing the native African population. In the intervening centuries, Angola and the Portuguese Congo were the source of thousands of slaves sent to the Americas, whose language and culture profoundly influenced Latin American varieties of Portuguese and Spanish. Despite the key position of the Congo-Angola region for Ibero-American linguistic development, little is known of the continuing use of the Portuguese language by Africans in Congo-Angola during most of the five centuries in question. Only in recent years has some attention been directed to the Portuguese language spoken non-natively but extensively in Angola and Mozambique (Gonçalves 1983). In Angola, the urban second-language varieties of Portuguese, especially as spoken in the squatter communities of Luanda, have been referred to as Musseque Portuguese, a name derived from the KiMbundu term used to designate the shantytowns themselves. -
Upper Pleistocene Human Remains from Vindija Cave, Croatia, Yugoslavia
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 54~499-545(1981) Upper Pleistocene Human Remains From Vindija Cave, Croatia, Yugoslavia MILFORD H. WOLPOFF, FRED H. SMITH, MIRKO MALEZ, JAKOV RADOVCIC, AND DARKO RUKAVINA Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 (MH.W.1,Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee, Kmxuille, Tennessee 37916 (FHS.),and Institute for Paleontology and Quaternary Geology, Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts, 41000 Zagreb, Yugoslavia (M.M., J.R., D.R.) KEY WORDS Vindija, Neandertal, South Central Europe, Modern Homo sapiens origin, Evolution ABSTRACT Human remains excavated from Vindija cave include a large although fragmentary sample of late Mousterian-associated specimens and a few additional individuals from the overlying early Upper Paleolithic levels. The Mousterian-associated sample is similar to European Neandertals from other regions. Compared with earlier Neandertals from south central Europe, this sam- ple evinces evolutionary trends in the direction of Upper Paleolithic Europeans. Compared with the western European Neandertals, the same trends can be demon- strated, although the magnitude of difference is less, and there is a potential for confusing temporal with regional sources of variation. The early Upper Paleo- lithic-associated sample cannot be distinguished from the Mousterian-associated hominids. We believe that this site provides support for Hrdlicka’s “Neandertal phase” of human evolution, as it was originally applied in Europe. The Pannonian Basin and surrounding val- the earliest chronometrically dated Upper leys of south central Europe have yielded a Paleolithic-associated hominid in Europe large and significant series of Upper Pleisto- (Smith, 1976a). cene fossil hominids (e.g. Jelinek, 1969) as well This report presents a detailed comparative as extensive evidence of their cultural behavior description of a sample of fossil hominids re- (e.g. -
An Acoustic Investigation of Vowel Variation in Gitksan by Kyra Ann Fortier
An Acoustic Investigation of Vowel Variation in Gitksan By Kyra Ann Fortier (Borland-Walker) BA, University of British Columbia, 2016 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement of the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of Linguistics © Kyra Ann Fortier (Borland-Walker), 2019 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. ii An Acoustic Investigation of Vowel Variation Across Dialects of Gitksan By Kyra Ann Fortier (Borland-Walker) BA, University of British Columbia, 2016 Supervisory Committee Dr. Sonya Bird, Supervisor Department of Linguistics, University of Victoria Dr. Alexandra D’Arcy, Departmental Member Department of Linguistics, University of Victoria Dr. Henry Davis, Affiliate Member Department of Linguistics iii Abstract The research question for this thesis is: How does vowel quality vary across Gitksan speakers, and what sociolinguistic factors may be influencing this variation? Answering this question requires both that I show what the variation is, and why it may be that way; I have approached these questions by conducting a study in two parts. First, I conducted a demographic survey and ethnographically-informed qualitative interview with nine Gitksan speakers. Second, I performed an acoustic analysis of vowel variation across these same speakers. The acoustic results lead me to conclude that the low and front vowels show the most variation between speakers. My findings allowed me to add to our understanding of individual variation across speakers and communities. Although further investigation is needed to come to a conclusion about the generalizability of these results, the overarching contribution of my work is to add phonetic detail to previous descriptions of variation between speakers within the Interior Tsimshianic dialect continuum. -
Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park (As an Extension of the Tubbataha Reef Marine Park)
Asia / Pacific Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park (as an extension of the Tubbataha Reef Marine Park) Philippines WORLD HERITAGE NOMINATION – IUCN TECHNICAL EVALUATION TUBBATAHA REEFS NATURAL PARK (PHILIPPINES) ID No. 653 bis Background note: At the time of the inscription of Tubbataha Reef Marine Park in 1993, IUCN recommended that t��������o nearb islets �ith important reefs (Jessie Beazle Reef and Bastera Reef) be included in a future extension of the propert. This recommendation �as repeated in the state of conservation report on the propert presented at the�� 2�th Session of the World Heritage Committee in 2005. In August 2006, the State Part extended the National Marine Park to include Jessie Beazle Reef and renamed it the Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park (TRNP). The park’s area �as increased from ����������������33,200 ha������� to 96,�2������������������������������������������������������ ha. The ne� boundaries and legal protection do not include Bastera Reef �hich lies in a different municipalit and at a greater distance from both Tubbataha north and south atolls and Jessie Beazle Reef. The present nomination is for an extension to the World Heritage propert to the same boundaries as that of the TRNP. 1. DOCUMENTATION i) Date nomination received by IUCN: 15 March 200�. ii) Additional information officially requested from and provided by the State Party: IUCN requested supplementary information after the first meeting of the World Heritage Panel in December 2008 related to a number of points concerning the management capacit and budget for the propert. The State Part provide a response to IUCN on these points on 30th Januar 2009. iii) IUCN/WCMC Data Sheet: Sourced from nomination document �hich cites 22 references. -
Approved Conservation Advice for Rutidosis Heterogama (Heath Wrinklewren)
This Conservation Advice was approved by the Minister/Delegate of the Minister on: 3/07/2008. Approved Conservation Advice (s266B of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999). Approved Conservation Advice for Rutidosis heterogama (Heath Wrinklewren) This Conservation Advice has been developed based on the best available information at the time this conservation advice was approved. Description Rutidosis heterogama, Family Asteraceae, also known as the Heath Wrinklewren or Heath Wrinklewort, is a perennial herb with decumbent (reclining to lying down) to erect stems, growing to 30 cm high (Harden, 1992; DECC, 2005a). The tiny yellow flowerheads are probably borne March to April (Leigh et al., 1984), chiefly in Autumn (Harden, 1992) or November to January. Seeds are dispersed by wind (Clarke et al., 1998) and the species appears to require soil disturbance for successful recruitment (Clarke et al., 1998). Conservation Status Heath Wrinklewren is listed as vulnerable. This species is eligible for listing as vulnerable under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cwlth) (EPBC Act) as, prior to the commencement of the EPBC Act, it was listed as vulnerable under Schedule 1 of the Endangered Species Protection Act 1992 (Cwlth). The species is also listed as vulnerable on the Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (NSW). Distribution and Habitat Heath Wrinklewren is confined to the North Coast and Northern Tablelands regions of NSW. It is known from the Hunter Valley to Maclean, Wooli to Evans Head, and Torrington (Harden, 1992). It occurs within the Border Rivers–Gwydir, Hunter–Central Rivers and Northern Rivers (NSW) Natural Resource Management Regions. -
Theoretical Aspects of Gitksan Phonology by Jason Camy Brown B.A., California State University, Fresno, 2000 M.A., California St
Theoretical Aspects of Gitksan Phonology by Jason Camy Brown B.A., California State University, Fresno, 2000 M.A., California State University, Fresno, 2002 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in The Faculty of Graduate Studies (Linguistics) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) December 2008 © Jason Camy Brown, 2008 Abstract This thesis deals with the phonology of Gitksan, a Tsimshianic language spoken in northern British Columbia, Canada. The claim of this thesis is that Gitksan exhibits several gradient phonological restrictions on consonantal cooccurrence that hold over the lexicon. There is a gradient restriction on homorganic consonants, and within homorganic pairs, there is a gradient restriction on major class and manner features. It is claimed that these restrictions are due to a generalized OCP effect in the grammar, and that this effect can be relativized to subsidiary features, such as place, manner, etc. It is argued that these types of effects are best analyzed with the system of weighted constraints employed in Harmonic Grammar (Legendre et al. 1990, Smolensky & Legendre 2006). It is also claimed that Gitksan exhibits a gradient assimilatory effect among specific consonants. This type of effect is rare, and is unexpected given the general conditions of dissimilation. One such effect is the frequency of both pulmonic pairs of consonants and ejective pairs of consonants, which occur at rates higher than expected by chance. Another is the occurrence of uvular-uvular and velar-velar pairs of consonants, which also occur at rates higher than chance. This pattern is somewhat surprising, as there is a gradient prohibition on cooccurring pairs of dorsal consonants. -
Ecola State Park
Pack it in, pack it out. Please don’t litter. Play it safe on the beach! Stay off logs, know the tide schedule, and Park Information: 63400-8088 (2/13) don’t turn your back on the ocean. 1-800-551-6949 Ecola www.oregonstateparks.org Year-Round Picnicking Links with History Wrapping around Tillamook Head between Seaside and Cannon Beach, Ecola State Park is a hiking and sightseeing Picnic areas with tables are located near viewpoints at the Ecola State Park is a part of the Lewis and Clark National mecca with a storied past. Ecola Point and Indian Beach parking areas. A covered picnic and State Historical Park, which includes federal and state shelter at Ecola Point is reservable for group use through parks associated with the history of the Corps of Discovery STATE PARK Trails for Explorers Reservations Northwest (1-800-452-5687). Ecola Point is 1½ expedition in both Oregon and Washington. Ecola’s trails are situated above nine miles of Pacific Ocean miles above the park’s vehicle entrance near Cannon Beach. shoreline. They offer cliffside viewpoints that look out on Beach Discoveries Pacific Ocean To Astoria picture-postcard seascapes, cozy coves, densely forested Saddle Mt. Two spacious, sandy beaches–Crescent Beach and Indian Ecola State Natural Area promontories, and even a long-abandoned offshore lighthouse. Parking The trail network includes an 8-mile segment of the Oregon Beach–provide opportunities to explore the wonders of Ecola Trailhead 1 Seaside N Coast Trail (OCT)—the park’s backbone—and a 2 /2-mile State Park. -
![Gangga Resort, Manado, Indonesia + [Other Articles] Undercurrent](https://docslib.b-cdn.net/cover/8810/gangga-resort-manado-indonesia-other-articles-undercurrent-368810.webp)
Gangga Resort, Manado, Indonesia + [Other Articles] Undercurrent
The Private, Exclusive Guide for Serious Divers January 2011 Vol. 26, No. 1 Gangga Resort, Manado, Indonesia reefs, muck and luxury living Dear Fellow Diver: IN THIS ISSUE: When the alarm clock went off at 4:30 a.m., I thought, Gangga Resort . .1 “The diving better be tremendous.” I’d already flown 15 hours from JFK to Hong Kong, where I overnighted before a Manado, Indonesia map . .2 four-hour flight to Bali, then overnighted again. Now, in All Those Weird Critters. .3 two hours I was to board a 6:30 a.m. flight to Makassar, Indonesia, with a five-hour layover in a stifling termi- Gangga Island Resort nal, then fly another 90 minutes to Manado, where it would Star Chart. .4 require an hour ride to the dock, where, at last we were Where Travel Insurance to be greeted and taken for the last 30-minute boat ride Counts . .5 to Gangga Island Resort. (Yes, there are a lot shorter ways to fly here, but our itinerary wasn’t one of those.) Caribbean Explorer II: Saba/St.Kitts . .6 Well, my buddy and I made it to the dock, but were greeted by no one. As dusk approached, a boat finally Caribbean Explorer II Saba appeared in the distance and we finished the last leg & St. Kitts Star Chart . .7 of our journey in the rain. As you might imagine, I was Saba & St. Kitts map . .8 interested in an adult bever- Why No Statia? . .9 age and bed, but as our gear At Last, Justice in Belize . -
DRAFT Sustainable Tourism for Marine Recreation Providers
DRAFT Sustainable Tourism for Marine Recreation Providers Wolcott Henry photo The Coral Reef Alliance: Coral Parks Program Education Series ©2004 Sustainable Tourism Introduction In this era of the global economy, tourism has become a primary source of revenue for many regions of the world, generating nearly $500 billion in worldwide revenues in 2001, and continuing to grow (WTO, 2001). The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) facilitated a study that points out that the tourism industry now represents more than 10% of the world’s gross domestic product (UNEP, 2002). While tourism brings significant benefits for both local and global economies, its rapid growth and development in recent decades has caused widespread social and environmental change across the globe, particularly in popular coastal resort destinations. In contrast, the concept of sustainable tourism is now seen as a way to promote socio-economic development in a given region while simultaneously protecting local culture and the natural environment. In order to address these issues and how they impact coral reefs, the Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) has compiled this Sustainable Tourism for Marine Recreation Providers handbook. In an effort to promote sustainable tourism, the information contained in this handbook highlights some of the current environmental problems associated with tourism growth and development, and promotes practical solutions for marine recreation providers to adopt good environmental practices. We encourage readers to provide us with feedback as to how we can improve this publication. Comments, questions and general suggestions can be addressed to: The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) 417 Montgomery Street, Suite #205 San Francisco, CA 94104 (415) 834-0900 tel.