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Archimedes and Liu Hui on Circles and Spheres Joseph W
www.ontologia.net/studies Ontology Studies 10, 2010 21-38 Archimedes and Liu Hui on Circles and Spheres Joseph W. Dauben Department of History Herbert H. Lehman College and Ph.D. Program in History The Graduate Center The City University of New York Reception date / Fecha de recepción: 27-05-2009 Acceptation date / Fecha de aceptación: 22-06-2009 Abstract This article describes the mystery of a long lost codex of Archimedes that resurfaced briefly at the turn of the last century by Johan Ludwig Heiberg. Long enough for the Danish historian of mathematics Heiberg to identify, photograph and eventually transcribe “The Method” and several other works by Archimedes of considerable mathematical interest. In 1879 Heiberg completed his dissertation, Quaestiones Archimedeae, devoted to Archimedes’ life, works, and transmission of his texts. Keywords: Archimedes, Ephodos, Method, Johan Ludwig Heiberg. Resumen. Arquímedes y Hui Liu en torno a círculos y esferas. Este artículo describe el misterio de un códice de Arquímedes perdido hace mucho tiempo que reapareció brevemente a principios del siglo pasado de la mano de Johan Ludwig Heiberg. Tiempo suficiente para que el historiador danés de las matemáticas Heiberg pudiese identificar, fotografiar y, finalmente, transcribir “El Método” y varias otras obras de Arquímedes de interés matemático considerable. En 1879 Heiberg completó su tesis doctoral, Quaestiones Archimedeae, dedicado a la vida de Arquímedes, las obras, y la transmisión de sus textos. Palabras clave: Arquímedes, ephodos, método, Johan Ludwig Heiberg. This story begins with a mystery—the mystery of a long lost codex of Archimedes that resurfaced briefly at the turn of the last century, long enough for the Danish historian of mathematics Johan Ludwig Heiberg to identify, photograph and eventually transcribe “The Method” and several other works by Archimedes of considerable mathematical 22 Ontology Studies 10, 2010 Joseph W. -
New Europe College Black Sea Link Program Yearbook 2014-2015 Program Yearbook 2014-2015 Black Sea Link
New Europe College Black Sea Link Program Yearbook 2014-2015 Program Yearbook 2014-2015 Black Sea Link ANNA ADASHINSKAYA ASIYA BULATOVA NEW EUROPE COLLEGE DIVNA MANOLOVA OCTAVIAN RUSU LUSINE SARGSYAN ANTON SHEKHOVTSOV NELLI SMBATYAN VITALIE SPRÎNCEANĂ ISSN 1584-0298 ANASTASIIA ZHERDIEVA CRIS Editor: Irina Vainovski-Mihai Copyright – New Europe College ISSN 1584-0298 New Europe College Str. Plantelor 21 023971 Bucharest Romania www.nec.ro; e-mail: [email protected] Tel. (+4) 021.307.99.10, Fax (+4) 021. 327.07.74 DIVNA MANOLOVA Born in 1984, in Bulgaria Ph.D. in Medieval Studies and in History, Central European University, 2014 Dissertation: Discourses of Science and Philosophy in the Letters of Nikephoros Gregoras Fellowships and grants: Visiting Research Fellow, Brown University, Department of Classics (2013) Doctoral Research Support Grant, Central European University (2013) Medieval Academy of America Etienne Gilson Dissertation Grant (2012) Junior Fellow, Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations, Koç University (2012–2013) Junior Fellow in Byzantine Studies, Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection (2011–2012) Participation in international conferences in Austria, Bulgaria, France, Hungary, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, and United States of America. Publications and translations in the fields of Byzantine Studies, History of Medieval Philosophy, and History of Medieval Science. WHO WRITES THE HISTORY OF THE ROMANS? AGENCY AND CAUSALITY IN NIKEPHOROS GREGORAS’ HISTORIA RHŌMAÏKĒ Abstract The present article inquires -
An Orthodox and Byzantine Reception of the Elementsof Theology
chapter 2 An Orthodox and Byzantine Reception of the Elements of Theology Frederick Lauritzen Scuola Grande di San Marco, Venezia The question of the existence of Byzantine philosophy may be intellectually interesting but remains fundamentally surreal.1 Regardless of whether one defines the Byzantine Empire as beginning with Diocletian (284–305), Con- stantine (306–337) or Theodosius (379–395), it is clear that Proclus (8th Febru- ary 412–17th April 485) composed his text within an Empire whose capital was Constantinople, and whose official religion was Christianity since 27th Febru- ary 380.2While this may be obvious, it is interesting for the reception of Proclus’ Elements of Theology, a text that was composed within a Byzantine background and whose subsequent translations where done from originals copied within the Byzantine Empire. It is such an environment which gave rise to the anecdote that Proclus advised the emperor Anastasius (491–518) on how to defeat an invading enemy army with Greek fire.3The story gives us a non-philosophical explanation to the 1 An overview of intellectual history is Kaldellis and Sinissioglou (2017). 2 Codex Theodosianus, xvi.1.2 = Codex Iustiniani 1.1.1. Cfr. Basilicorum libri LX, 1.1.1: Imppp. gra- tianus,ValentinianusetTheodosiusaaa.edictumadpopulumurbisConstantinopolitanae.cunc- tos populos, quos clementiae nostrae regit temperamentum, in tali volumus religione versari, quam divinum Petrum apostolum tradidisse romanis religio usque ad nunc ab ipso insinuata declarat quamque pontificem Damasum sequi claret et Petrum Alexandriae episcopum virum apostolicae sanctitatis, hoc est, ut secundum apostolicam disciplinam evangelicamque doctri- nam Patris et Filii et Spiritus Sancti unam deitatem sub parili maiestate et sub pia Trinitate credamus. -
Byzantine Critiques of Monasticism in the Twelfth Century
A “Truly Unmonastic Way of Life”: Byzantine Critiques of Monasticism in the Twelfth Century DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Hannah Elizabeth Ewing Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2014 Dissertation Committee: Professor Timothy Gregory, Advisor Professor Anthony Kaldellis Professor Alison I. Beach Copyright by Hannah Elizabeth Ewing 2014 Abstract This dissertation examines twelfth-century Byzantine writings on monasticism and holy men to illuminate monastic critiques during this period. Drawing upon close readings of texts from a range of twelfth-century voices, it processes both highly biased literary evidence and the limited documentary evidence from the period. In contextualizing the complaints about monks and reforms suggested for monasticism, as found in the writings of the intellectual and administrative elites of the empire, both secular and ecclesiastical, this study shows how monasticism did not fit so well in the world of twelfth-century Byzantium as it did with that of the preceding centuries. This was largely on account of developments in the role and operation of the church and the rise of alternative cultural models that were more critical of traditional ascetic sanctity. This project demonstrates the extent to which twelfth-century Byzantine society and culture had changed since the monastic heyday of the tenth century and contributes toward a deeper understanding of Byzantine monasticism in an under-researched period of the institution. ii Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to my family, and most especially to my parents. iii Acknowledgments This dissertation is indebted to the assistance, advice, and support given by Anthony Kaldellis, Tim Gregory, and Alison Beach. -
The Revival of Political Hesychasm in Greek Orthodox Thought: a Study of the Hesychast Basis of the Thought of John S
ABSTRACT The Revival of Political Hesychasm in Greek Orthodox Thought: A Study of the Hesychast Basis of the Thought of John S. Romanides and Christos Yannaras Daniel Paul Payne, B.A., M.Div. Mentor: Derek H. Davis, Ph.D. In the 1940s Russian émigré theologians rediscovered the ascetic-theology of St. Gregory Palamas. Palamas’s theology became the basis for an articulation of an Orthodox theological identity apart from Roman Catholic and Protestant influences. In particular the “Neo-Patristic Synthesis” of Fr. Georges Florovsky and the appropriation of Palamas’s theology by Vladimir Lossky set the course for future Orthodox theology in the twentieth century. Their thought had a direct influence upon the thought of Greek theologians John S. Romanides and Christos Yannaras in the late twentieth century. Each of these theologians formulated a political theology using the ascetic-theology of Palamas combined with the Roman identity of the Greek Orthodox people. Both of these thinkers called for a return to the ecclesial-communal life of the late Byzantine period as an alternative to the secular vision of the modern West. The resulting paradigm developed by their thought has led to the formation of what has been called the “Neo- Orthodox Movement.” Essentially, what the intellectual and populist thinkers of the movement have expressed in their writings is “political hesychasm.” Romanides and Yannaras desire to establish an Orthodox identity that separates the Roman aspect from the Hellenic element of Greek identity. The Roman identity of the Greek people is the Orthodox Christian element removed from the pagan Hellenism, which, as they argue, the Western powers imposed on the Greek people in the establishment of the modern nation-state of Greece in 1821. -
HISTORY of the STUDY of THEOLOGY [Pt
HISTOEY OF THE STUDY OF THEOLOGY BY CHARLES AUGUSTUS gRIGGS D.D., D.LITT. Prepared for Publication by his Daughter EMILIE GRACE BRIGGS, B.D. VOL. II. NEW YORK CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS 1916 Published igt6 All rights reserved CONTENTS PART I THE STUDY OF THEOLOGY IN THE MIDDLE AGES CHAP. PA01 I. THE STUDY OF THEOLOOT IN THE NINTH AND TENTH .1 CENTURIES ...... 1 II. THE STUDY OF THEOLOGY IN THE ELEVENTH AND TWELFTH CENTURIES . .17 III. THE ORIGIN AND GROWTH OF THE UNIVERSITIES IN THE TWELFTH AND THIRTEENTH CENTURIES . 40 IV. THE DECLINE OF SCHOLASTICISM IN THE FOURTEENTH AND FIFTEENTH CENTURIES . .61 PART II THE MODERN AGE L THE REVIVAL OF LEARNING . .82 IL THE REFORMATION ..... 105 III. THE STUDY OF THEOLOGY IN THE SEVENTEENTH AND EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES .... 143 IV. THB STUDY OF THEOLOGY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY ...... 184 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 213 INDEX ....... 219 PART I THE STUDY OF THEOLOGY IN THE MIDDLE AGES CHAPTER I THE STUDY OF THEOLOGY IN THE NINTH AND TENTH CENTURIES 1. A palace school was established by the Franks for the training of princes and nobles ; when Charlemagne ap pointed Alcuin as its superintendent, it rapidly became a great centre of learning. The palace school was founded by one of the pre decessors of Charlemagne for the training of the sons of princes and nobles. As a court school it moved about with the monarch from place to place. Charlemagne himself was trained there.1 He had some knowledge of Greek as well as Latin, and studied with the grammarian, Peter of Pisa ; possibly also with Paul the Deacon (t 797), a Benedictine monk and noted Lombard scholar, who taught Greek at his court for a time, and afterwards wrote a history of the Lombards. -
THEOLOGICAL DISPUTE, LOGICAL ARGUMENTS: on PHOTIOS' USE of SYLLOGISMS AGAINST the FILIOQUE in the MYSTAGOGIA Christophe ERISMA
THEOLOGICAL DISPUTE, LOGICAL ARGUMENTS: ON PHOTIOS’ USE OF SYLLOGISMS AGAINST THE FILIOQUE IN THE MYSTAGOGIA Christophe ERISMANN The long ninth century was indisputably a time of religious and theological controversies, both within Christianity and among and against neighbouring cultures. The dispute about the veneration of images bitterly divided Byzan- tium; Latins were also involved in the polemical exchange. Controversies against Islam, already begun in the eighth century by John of Damascus, who considered Islam a Christian heresy, intensified, especially due to further trea- tises by Theodore Abu-Qurra and Niketas Byzantios.1 Arabic Christian theolo- gians, like the Jacobite Abū Rā’iṭah and the Dyophysite ῾Ammār al-Baṣrī, also wrote polemical essays.2 Numerous treatises against non-Chalcedonian Chris- tian groups considered to be heretics flourished. Even if it is written with dip- lomatic courtesy, Photios’ letter to the Armenian Prince Ashot is a firm exhor- tation to adopt Chalcedonian Christology. Finally, the Filioque controversy began, spawning a host of polemical treatises of its own.3 A striking feature of this abundant polemical literature is the frequent use of Aristotelian logic. The application of logic in religious controversies is indeed not an invention of the ninth century. The debates between the followers of the Christology of Chalcedon and their Miaphysite opponents were often enhanced by logical considerations. The ninth-century production of logically informed theological texts is dis- tinguished not only by -
Inside Byzantium
AVERIL CAMERON NATALIE ZEMON DAVIS LECTURES, BUDAPEST, 2014 OCTOBER 17 – 22 ARGUING IT OUT: DISCUSSION IN BYZANTIUM LECTURE 1 INSIDE BYZANTIUM Social history, comparison, methodology Arnason, Johann P., ‘Byzantium and historical sociology’, in Stephenson 2010, 491-504 Haldon, John F., ed., A Social History of Byzantium (Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009) Haldon, John F., ‘Towards a social history of Byzantium’, in Haldon 2009, 1-30 Haldon, John F., ‘The Byzantine empire’, in Ian Morris and Walter Scheidel, eds., The Dynamics of Ancient Empires (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008), 224-73 Haldon, John F., ‘The Byzantine successor state’, in Peter Fibiger Bang and Walter Scheidel, eds., The Oxford Handbook of the State in the Ancient Near East and Mediterranean (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013) Stephenson, Paul, ‘Byzantium transformed, c. 950-1200’, Medieval Encounters 10 (2004), 185-210 Preiser-Kapeller, J., ‘Complex historical dynamics of crisis: the case of Byzantium’, in S. Deger- Jalkotzy and A. Suppan, ed., Krise und Transformation. Beiträge des internationalen Symposiums vom 22. bis 23. November 2010 an der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2011), 69-128 Byzantine literary culture, 11c and 12c (selective!) Agapitos, P.A., ‘In Rhomaian, Frankish and Persian lands: fiction and fictionality in Byzantium’, in P.A. Agapitos and L.B. Morensen, eds., Medieva Narrative between History and Fiction: From the Centre to the Peripheruy of Europe, c. 1100-1400 -
Sergei Mariev (Ed.), Byzantine Perspectives on Neoplatonism
Sergei Mariev (ed.), Byzantine Perspectives on Neoplatonism. Byzantinisches Archiv, Series Philosophica 1, Boston/Berlin, de Gruyter 2017, 289 p., ISBN 978-1-5015-1167-7. Florin George Călian* Even if some fundamental works of the Byzantine period that have circu- lated in rich manuscript families still lack proper critical editions, Byzantine studies in general, and Byzantine philosophy in particular, has been met with a growing interest from scholars of various disciplines in the last de- cades. A new series on Byzantine philosophy, Byzantinisches Archiv–Series Philosophica, published by De Gruyter, was initiated in 2017 with a volume which brings together several articles on Byzantine philosophy and theology under the generic title Byzantine Perspectives on Neoplatonism. The volume, edited by Sergei Mariev, brings together ten papers presented in two differ- ent panels at the International Society for Neoplatonic Studies (ISNS), one from 2013, in Cardiff, and the second from 2014, in Lisbon. The opening of the volume is made by the article, “Neoplatonic Phi- losophy in Byzantium. An Introduction” (p. 1-29), written by the editor, which is a chronological summary of key figures of the intellectual history of Byzantium, who, to a degree, were knowledgeable in Neoplatonic philoso- phy. The editor starts with Pseudo-Dionysios the Areopagite, who brought Neoplatonism into the heart of Christianity, continues with the brief men- tion of “Gazan Christians”, especially Aineias of Gaza, Prokopios of Gaza and Zacharias Scholasticus (p. 2), who, unlike Ps.-Dionysios, confronted and criticized the Neoplatonists, and, as R. Sorabji puts it, were “waiting for Philoponus”1, whose modern scholarship is briefly reviewed by Mariev, pointing to the tension between the Neoplatonic works of Philoponus and those of his writings that had an explicit Christian character. -
Alan Hirshfeld, Eureka Man: the Life and Legacy of Archimedes Walker & Company, New York, 2009, ISBN: 978-0-8027-1618-7, 242 Pp, Price: U.S
Sci & Educ (2011) 20:83–87 DOI 10.1007/s11191-010-9244-0 BOOK REVIEW Alan Hirshfeld, Eureka Man: The Life and Legacy of Archimedes Walker & Company, New York, 2009, ISBN: 978-0-8027-1618-7, 242 pp, price: U.S. $26.00 A. K. T. Assis Published online: 19 March 2010 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 Alan Hirshfeld is a professor of physics at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth. He conducts research in the history of physics and astronomy. He is an Associate of the Harvard College Observatory and is the director of the UMass Dartmouth Observatory. He obtained his B.A. in astrophysics from Princeton University in 1973, his M.S. in astronomy from Yale in 1975, and his Ph.D. in astronomy also from Yale in 1978. Hirshfeld previously published Parallax: The Race to Measure the Cosmos, (Henry Holt & Co., 2002); The Electric Life of Michael Faraday, (Walker & Co., 2006); and the Astronomy Activity and Laboratory Manual, (Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2008). He is also the lead author of two reference books in astronomy: Sky Catalogue 2000.0, Vol. 1: Stars to Magnitude 8.0 (Cambridge U.P. and Sky Publishing Corp., 1982 and 1991); and Sky Catalogue 2000.0, Vol. 2: Double Stars, Variable Stars and Nonstellar Objects (Cam- bridge U.P. and Sky Publishing Corp., 1985). Apart from books, he has written articles on the history of astrophysics, on ancient Greek measurements of the solar system, and biographies of astronomers like James Bradley. This book is divided into two parts: Master of Thought (six Chapters), and A Palimpsest’s Tale (eight Chapters). -
Nicholas of Methone Between Neoplatonism and the Byzantine Tradition | Online Conference
12-13 APRIL 2021 START: 1:00 PM CET AUSTRIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE INSTITUTE FOR MEDIEVAL RESEARCH WWW.OEAW.AC.AT HISTORICAL IDENTITY RESEARCH NICHOLAS OF METHONE BETWEEN NEOPLATONISM AND THE BYZANTINE TRADITION | ONLINE CONFERENCE Image credit: "Gennadius Library, MS 39, folio 167v”, Detail. PROGRAM 4:30 PM 1:45 PM Carlos Steel (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven) Alessandra Bucossi (Università Ca' Foscari APRIL 12 Nicholas' Critical Comments Venezia) & Carmelo Benvenuto (Università ON PROCLUS: CRITICS AND della Basilicata) COMPARISON on the Propositions on the Soul 12th-century Philosophers (CET) (prop. 184-198) 1:00 PM and the Filioque: the Case of Lela Alexidze (Tbilisi State University) 5:15 PM Nicholas of Methone's Corpus on Nicholas of Methone and Ioane Christos Terezis (University of Patras) & the Procession of the Holy Spirit Petritsi on Intellect Lydia Petridou (Hellenic Open University) Ontological Foundations and 2:30pm: break 1:45 PM Methodological Applications of 2:45 PM Levan Gigineishvili (Tbilisi State University) Analogy in Nicholas of Methone: Jonathan Greig (Austrian Academy of Sciences) Different Understandings of An Example of Realism Nicholas of Methone on the Proclus’ First Principle(s) in Divine Ideas: Between Proclus, Nicholas of Methone and Ioane APRIL 13 Ps.-Dionysius, and the Early Petritsi NICHOLAS OF METHONE IN LIGHT OF THE BYZANTINES Byzantines 2:30 pm: break 1:00 PM (CET) 3:30 PM 2:45 PM Christophe Erismann (University of Vienna) Joshua Robinson (Dumbarton Oaks) István Perczel (Central European University, Vienna) -
Monastic Discourse on the Ottoman Threat in 14Th- and 15Th-Century Serbian Territories
Bojana Vasiljević “FEAR OF THE TURKS”: MONASTIC DISCOURSE ON THE OTTOMAN THREAT IN 14TH- AND 15TH-CENTURY SERBIAN TERRITORIES MA Thesis in Comparative History, with a specialization in Interdisciplinary Medieval Studies. Central European University Budapest CEU eTD Collection December 2017 “FEAR OF THE TURKS”: MONASTIC DISCOURSE ON THE OTTOMAN THREAT IN 14TH- AND 15TH-CENTURY SERBIAN TERRITORIES by Bojana Vasiljević (Serbia) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Comparative History, with a specialization in Interdisciplinary Medieval Studies. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ Chair, Examination Committee ____________________________________________ Thesis Supervisor ____________________________________________ Examiner ____________________________________________ Examiner CEU eTD Collection Budapest November 2017 “FEAR OF THE TURKS”: MONASTIC DISCOURSE ON THE OTTOMAN THREAT IN 14TH- AND 15TH-CENTURY SERBIAN TERRITORIES by Bojana Vasiljević (Serbia) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Comparative History, with a specialization in Interdisciplinary Medieval Studies. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ External Reader CEU eTD Collection Budapest November