DOCSLIB.ORG

Social Movements As Safeguards Against Democratic Backslidings in Africa? a Comparison of Term Amendment Struggles in Burkina Faso and Senegal

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Social Movements As Safeguards Against Democratic Backslidings in Africa? a Comparison of Term Amendment Struggles in Burkina Faso and Senegal Social movements as safeguards against democratic backslidings in Africa? A comparison of term amendment struggles in Burkina Faso and Senegal Der Fakultät Kulturwissenschaften der Leuphana Universität Lüneburg zur Erlangung des Grades Doktorin der Politikwissenschaft - Dr. rer. pol. - vorgelegte Dissertation von Nina-Kathrin Wienkoop Wienkoop, Nina-Kathrin. 2020. Social movements as safeguards against democratic backslidings in Africa? A comparison of term amendment struggles in Burkina Faso and Senegal. Lüneburg: Leuphana Universität Lüneburg. Copyright © 2020 Nina-Kathrin Wienkoop Erstbetreuer und Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Sebastian Elischer, University of Florida Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Christian Welzel, Leuphana Universität Lüneburg Drittgutachterin: Prof. Dr. Donatella della Porta, Scuola Normale Superiore Florence Verteidigt am 1. November 2019 (summa cum laude) Social movements as safeguards against democratic backslidings in Africa? A comparison of term amendment struggles in Burkina Faso and Senegal by Nina-Kathrin Wienkoop Presented to the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at the Leuphana University Lüneburg In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree of Doctor in Political Science - Dr. rer. pol. - Wienkoop, Nina-Kathrin. 2020. Social movements as safeguards against democratic backslidings in Africa? A comparison of term amendment struggles in Burkina Faso and Senegal. Lüneburg: Leuphana Universität Lüneburg. Copyright © 2020 Nina-Kathrin Wienkoop Erstbetreuer und Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Sebastian Elischer, University of Florida Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Christian Welzel, Leuphana Universität Lüneburg Drittgutachterin: Prof. Dr. Donatella della Porta, Scuola Normale Superiore Florence Date of Defence: 1 November 2019 (summa cum laude) Table of Contents Overview of Tables and Figures 3 Abbreviations 4 Acknowledgements 7 1. Introduction 11 1.1 Literature review and gaps 15 1.2 Research cases and design 20 1.3 Data collection 23 1.4 Study objectives 27 1.5 Thesis overview 28 2. How mobilized social actors push presidents to change course – Theoretical and methodological framework 31 2.1 Divided they change – Political elites 36 2.2 Together they rock – Non-elite allies 42 2.3 Defected they support – Security forces 47 2.4 Synergy of comparative politics, process-tracing and contentious politics approaches – Methodology 52 2.5 Summary 60 3. Term bids in Africa – Population of cases and case selection 62 3.1 Typology of Africa’s term amendment struggles 63 3.2 The puzzle of Senegal and Burkina Faso 68 3.2.1 Typical but counterintuitive – Outcome variation 70 3.2.2 Political opportunity structures 72 3.2.3 Movement-centered characteristics 76 3.3 Summary 83 4. West African Harmattan – The protest proceedings in Senegal 2011/12 and in Burkina Faso 2013/14 84 4.1 Popular protest until resignation in Burkina Faso 86 4.1.1Rising awareness of term limits (May - August 2013) 89 4.1.2 Demobilization and negotiation attempts (August - December 2013) 94 4.1.3 Political confrontations (January - October 21, 2014) 96 4.1.4 Escalation (October 21 - 31, 2014) 99 4.1.5 Summary 110 4.2 Popular protest until candidature in Senegal 112 4.2.1 Cross-movement mobilization against governmental politics (January - May 2011) 115 4.2.2 First escalation and first ‘victory’ of the anti-term-front (June 1 – 23, 2011) 122 4.2.3 Institutional channeling (June 23, 2011 - December 2011) 127 4.2.4 Escalation (January 2012) 129 4.2.5 Demobilization and electoral campaigning (February - March 2012) 132 4.2.6 Summary 136 4.3 Summary 137 1 5. The term amendment struggles in comparative perspective 140 5.1 How the struggles took different pathways – Permissive and productive conditions within the episode of contention 142 5.1.1 Deduction of the point of divergence during the struggles 143 5.1.2 Actors at the crossroads – Perceptions of actors for understanding The divergence 147 5.1.3 Analysis of groups of actors and deduction of permissive and productive conditions within the episode of contention 155 5.2 Why the struggles proceed differently – Antecedent conditions before the episode of contention 162 5.2.1 Regime changes compared – Elite-led leadership changes in Senegal and troubled transitions in Burkina Faso 164 5.2.2 Coalition formations in Burkina Faso and cooptation in Senegal – Takeover and rule of the incumbent compared 172 5.3 From mass protests to the prevention of an unconstitutional candidature – Deduction of causal mechanisms 182 5.4 Summary 186 6. Conclusion 188 6.1 Key findings from the study of term amendment struggles 189 6.1.1 Novel research approach and design 190 6.1.2 Theoretical framework and empirical evidence – The scope of disruptive protests and the importance of disloyal soldiers 192 6.1.3 The division of tasks – Social movements and political parties 197 6.1.4 Political culture, past protest experiences, and civil-military relations – Critical antecedents to the term bid 200 6.1.5 Summary 204 6.2 Limitations and outlook 205 6.2.1 What I cannot explain (yet) 205 6.2.2 What others may soon find out 209 6.3 What comes after exceptional times – A brief outlook on political developments in Burkina Faso and Senegal 214 6.4 What have we learned 218 Bibliography 222 Declaration of Own Work 255 Appendix A: Interview guideline – Protest leaders i B: Interview guideline – Protest participants v C: Interview guideline – Experts vii D: Handout on research project x 2 Overview of Tables and Figures Figure 2.1: Explaining how protest leads to institutional changes through political elites 38 Figure 2.2: Explaining how protest leads to institutional changes through political allies 45 Figure 2.3: Explaining how protest leads to institutional changes through security forces 50 Figure 2.4: Methodological approach 59 Table 3.1: Term limits in Africa 64 Table 3.2: Typology of term amendment struggles in Africa 66 Table 3.3: Institutional arrangements of Senegal (2011) and Burkina Faso (2013) 75 Table 3.4: Movement characteristics of Y’en a marre and Balai Citoyen 81 Figure 4.1: Duration of protest events in Burkina Faso from January 2013 until December 2014 87 Table 4.1: Main political and protest events in Burkina Faso (May 2013 - November 2014) 91 Figure 4.2: Duration of protest events in Senegal from January 2011 until December 2012 113 Table 4.2: Main political and protest events in Senegal (January 2011 - March 2012) 117 Figure 5.1: Causal mechanisms that prevented an enforced candidature in Burkina Faso 160 Figure 5.2: Causal mechanisms from mass protests to the prevention or enforcement of an unconstitutional candidature 183 3 Abbreviations ADF-RDA Alliance pour la Démocratie et la Fédération-Rassemblement Démocratique Africain (Burkina Faso) ADJ Alternance-Démocratie et Justice (Burkina Faso) AFP Alliance des Forces de Progress (Senegal) AJB Association des Journalistes Burkinabés (Burkina Faso) ANEB Association Nationale des Étudiants Burkinabè (Burkina Faso) APR Alliance pour la République (Senegal) AST Alliance Sopi pour Toujours (Senegal) AU African Union AEVF Association des Étudiants Voltaiques en France BBS Benno Siggil Senegaal (Senegal) BONI Burkina Open Data Initiative (Burkina Faso) CAR Collectif Anti-Référendum (Burkina Faso) CASC Cadre de l’Action de la Societé Civile CCR Comités contre le referendum (Burkina Faso) CCVC Coalition Contre la Vie Chère (Burkina Faso) CDP Congrès pour la Démocratie et le Progress (Burkina Faso) CÉDÉAO Communauté Économique Des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest CENI Commission Électorale Nationale Indépendante (Burkina Faso) CFR Conventions des Forces Républicaines (Burkina Faso) CFOP Chef de File de l’Opposition (Burkina Faso) CGD Centre pour la Gouvernance Démocratique (Burkina Faso) CGT Confédération Générale du Travail (France) CGT-B Confédération Générale du Travail du Burkina (Burkina Faso) CNR Conseil National de la Revolution (Burkina Faso) CNT Conseil National de la Transition (Burkina Faso) CNTS Confédération Nationale des Travailleurs du Sénégal (Senegal) CODESIRA Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa 4 CODMPP Collectif des organisations démocratiques de masse et de partis politiques (shortly “Collectif” / “Collective”; Burkina Faso) COFEDEC Collectif des Femmes pour la Défense de la Constitution (Burkina Faso) COS-M23 Commission d’Orientation et Stratégies de M23 (Senegal) CPS Convention Panafricaine Sankariste (Burkina Faso) CSA Confédération des Syndicats Autonomes (Senegal) CSR Comité de soutien au referendum (Burkina Faso) EU European Union FAL2012 Forces Alliées 2012 (Senegal) FEDAP-BC Fédération des Associations pour la Paix et le Progrès avec Blaise Compaoré (Burkina Faso) FES Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung FNCL Féderation Nationale des Cadres libéraux (Senegal) FP Front Populaire (Burkina Faso) FRC Front de Résistance Citoyenne (Burkina Faso) IFAN Institut Fondamental d’Afrique Noire JEP Je m’engage pour mon patrie / Jeunesse engagée pour la patrie (Burkina Faso) LSDH Ligue Sénégalaise des Droits Humains (Senegal) LUCHA Lutte pour le Changement (DR Congo) M23 Mouvement du 23 Juin (Senegal) MBDHP Mouvement Burkinabé pour des Droits de l’Homme et des Peuples (Burkina Faso) MEEL Mouvement des élèves et étudiants libéraux (Senegal) MNFV Mouvement nationales des forces vives (Senegal) MPP Mouvement du peuple pour le progress (Burkina Faso) NTS Nouveau type de Sénégalais (Senegal) NGO Non-governmental organization ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States ODJ Organisation Démocratique de la Jeunesse du Burkina Faso (Burkina Faso)
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Climate Risk Profile: Burkina Faso*
    Climate Risk Profile: Burkina Faso* Summary This profile provides an overview of projected climate Agro-ecological zones might shift, affecting ecosystems, parameters and related impacts on different sectors biodiversity and crop production. Models project a decrease in Burkina Faso until 2080 under different climate in species richness and an increase in tree cover in response change scenarios (called Representative Concentration to climate change for most areas of Burkina Faso. Pathways, RCPs). RCP2.6 represents the low emissions scenario in line with the Paris Agreement; RCP6.0 represents a medium to high emissions scenario. Model projections do not account for effects of future socioeconomic impacts. Agriculture, biodiversity, health, infrastructure Per capita water availability will decline by 2080 mostly due and water are highly vulnerable to climate change. to population growth. Model projections indicate that water The need for adaptation in these sectors should saving measures will become particularly important after be represented in the German development 2050 in the central and western part of Burkina Faso. cooperation portfolio in Burkina Faso. Depending on the scenario, temperature in Burkina The population affected by at least one heatwave per year Faso is projected to rise by between 1.9 and 4.2 °C is projected to rise from 1.7 % in 2000 to 10 % in 2080. This by 2080, compared to pre-industrial levels, with is related to 88 more very hot days per year over this period. higher temperatures and more temperature extremes As a consequence, heat-related mortality is estimated to projected for the south-western part of the country. increase by a factor of five by 2080.
    [Show full text]
  • Towards an Integrated Market for Seeds and Fertilizers in West Africa Public Disclosure Authorized
    93630 Towards an Integrated Market for Seeds and Fertilizers in West Africa Public Disclosure Authorized John C. Keysera, Marjatta Eilittäb, Georges Dimithec, Gbolagade d e Ayoola , and Louis Sène January, 2015 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized a Lead author, World Bank Group; b West Africa trade and fertilizer specialist, lead consultant; c Public Disclosure Authorized institutional development specialist, consultant; d fertilizer and seed trade specialist, consultant; e seed trade specialist, consultant. TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED MARKET FOR SEEDS AND FERTILIZERS IN WEST AFRICA Abstract To improve farmer access to quality seeds and fertilizers, West African governments have been working through ECOWAS and other regional organizations to develop harmonized rules for input trade for many years. After extensive consultations, regional regulations based on advanced international standards have mostly been agreed upon and are already helping to guide quality improvements in some countries. Despite these encouraging signs, most countries do not currently have the physical capacity or institutional structures needed to implement the agreed trade rules which will take considerable time and investment to develop. The analysis, therefore, points to a need for pragmatic solutions that are easy for individual countries or groups of countries to implement in the near term while longer-term progress towards full harmonization continues. Key words Africa, regional trade, crop inputs, harmonization Acknowledgements This working paper is the result of numerous consultations with seed, fertilizer, and regional trade experts in West Africa who generously gave their time for interviews, for sharing data, and for answering questions after the country visits. The complete list of individuals met is too long for this page, but the team would like everyone to know that their time and efforts are greatly appreciated.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Master Thesis
    Plus ça change, plus c’est la même chose? Understanding how and why new ICTs played a role in Burkina Faso’s recent journey to socio-political change Fiona Dragstra, M.Sc. Research Master Thesis Plus ça change, plus c’est la même chose? Understanding how and why new ICTs played a role in Burkina Faso’s recent journey to socio-political change Research Master Thesis By: Fiona Dragstra Research Master African Studies s1454862 African Studies Centre, Leiden Supervisors: Prof. dr. Mirjam de Bruijn, Leiden University, Faculty of History dr. Meike de Goede, Leiden University, Faculty of History Third reader: dr. Sabine Luning, Leiden University, Faculty of Social Sciences Date: 14 December 2016 Word count (including footnotes): 38.339 Cover photo: Young woman protests against the coup d’état in Bobo-Dioulasso, September 2015. Photo credit: Lefaso.net and @ful226, Twitter, 20 September 2015 All pictures and quotes in this thesis are taken with and used with consent of authors and/or people on pictures 1 A dedication to activists – the Burkinabè in particular every protest. every voice. every sound. we have made. in the protection of our existence. has shaken the entire universe. it is trembling. Nayyirah Waheed – a poem from her debut Salt Acknowledgements Together we accomplish more than we could ever do alone. My fieldwork and time of writing would have never been as successful, fruitful and wonderful without the help of many. First and foremost I would like to thank everyone in Burkina Faso who discussed with me, put up with me and helped me navigate through a complex political period in which I demanded attention and precious time, which many people gave without wanting anything in return.
    [Show full text]
  • Burkina Faso
    Co-funded by the Internal Security Fund of the European Union LET4CAP Law Enforcement Training for Capacity Building BURKINA FASO Downloadable Country Booklet DL. 2.5 (Version 1.2) 1 Dissemination level: PU Let4Cap Grant Contract no.: HOME/ 2015/ISFP/AG/LETX/8753 Start date: 01/11/2016 Duration: 33 months Dissemination Level PU: Public X PP: Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission) RE: Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission) Revision history Rev. Date Author Notes 1.0 18/05/2018 Ce.S.I. Overall structure and first draft 1.1 25/06/2018 Ce.S.I. Second draft 1.2 30/11/2018 Ce.S.I. Final version LET4CAP_WorkpackageNumber 2 Deliverable_2.5 VER WorkpackageNumber 2 Deliverable 2.5 Deliverable Downloadable country booklets VER 1.2 2 BURKINA FASO Country Information Package 3 This Country Information Package has been prepared by Alessandra Giada Dibenedetto – Marco Di Liddo – Francesca Manenti – Lorenzo Marinone Ce.S.I. – Centre for International Studies Within the framework of LET4CAP and with the financial support to the Internal Security Fund of the EU LET4CAP aims to contribute to more consistent and efficient assistance in law enforcement capacity building to third countries. The Project consists in the design and provision of training interventions drawn on the experience of the partners and fine-tuned after a piloting and consolidation phase. © 2018 by LET4CAP…. All rights reserved. 4 Table of contents 1. Country Profile 1.1 Country in Brief 1.2 Modern and Contemporary History of Burkina Faso 1.3 Geography 1.4 Territorial and Administrative Units 1.5 Population 1.6 Ethnic Groups, Languages, Religion 1.7 Health 1.8 Education and Literacy 1.9 Country Economy 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Unconstitutional Populism: a Peril to Democracy in Sub- Saharan Africa?
    UNCONSTITUTIONAL POPULISM: A PERIL TO DEMOCRACY IN SUB- SAHARAN AFRICA? By Dr. Joël Moudio Motto AUGUST 2021 Article / ©Nkafu Policy Institute he end of the Arab Spring has barely Therefore, in this circumstance, we seek to been digested, with Sub-Saharan underscore the drivers of unconstitutional TAfrica starting to embark on the same populism and to what extent it remains a threat lane. The Malian news of August 2020 saw the to democratic transition. ousting of Ibrahim Boubakar Keita following a popular mobilization led by the Imam of the Bamako Mosque. In 2014 in Burkina Faso, the The Crisis of Democratic popular movement under the banner of the Political Legitimacy: Balai-citoyen deposed Blaise Comparoé. Both of these constitutive cases of populism indicate A Condition for the a rejection of representative democracy and, Emergence of Populism therefore, of the ‘will’ of the people to govern directly without institutional mediation. Still, The populist phenomenon in SSA that led to the they also express the crisis of the welfare state, ousting of the heads of state operates around that is, the inability of those in power to deliver. an essential register: popular movements. The condition for the emergence of popular In populist rhetoric, history and political movements is based on the emergence of a crisis issues are reduced to an aggressive opposition of political legitimacy affecting the system of between a majority people – homogeneous representation (Taguieff, 1997) which dominates and hard-working – and an elite – minority representative democracy. Otherwise, the and heterogeneous, democratically elected populist dynamics carried by civil society and appointed by governments.
    [Show full text]
  • Revolutions and Protest Movements in the Age of Globalization
    REVOLUTIONS AND PROTEST MOVEMENTS IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION GLOBAL POLITICAL DESTABILIZATION AND MODERN CIVIC PROTEST MOVEMENTS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Lyubov Sadovskaya Institute for African Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Naila Fakhrutdinova Institute for African Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Tatiana Kochanova Institute for African Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow The article is devoted to the modern civic movements in sub-Saharan Africa that in recent years have experienced the third wave of their activation, which coin- cided with the beginning of the Arab spring of 2011 (after the struggle for inde- pendence in the 1950–1970s and the establishment of the state democratic insti- tutions in 1990s). The peculiarity of these movements is the large-scale street mobilization, the main driving force of which is urban youth, more exposed to mass unemployment than other age groups, while rural population is relatively inert. Street mobilizations are led by activists from the educated middle class, users of social networks, closely connected with each other in real time. Their leaders have sufficient knowledge in all areas of life in Africa and abroad. This gives them an understanding of the global disparities be-tween African and de- veloped countries in economic development, medicine, education, as well as in living standards and life expectancy. The purpose of mobilization movements is to demonstrate resentment towards the ruling circles’ policies that are not aimed at improving people’s lives and do not adhere to the principle of demo- cratic rotation: rejuvenation of political elites and training alternative leaders. Protest movements are active in countries lacking public consensus, especially before and during presidential election campaigns.
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence from Burkina Faso
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Sepahvand, Mohammad H.; Shahbazian, Roujman; Swain, Ranjula Bali Working Paper Does revolution change risk attitudes? Evidence from Burkina Faso Working Paper, No. 2019:2 Provided in Cooperation with: Department of Economics, Uppsala University Suggested Citation: Sepahvand, Mohammad H.; Shahbazian, Roujman; Swain, Ranjula Bali (2019) : Does revolution change risk attitudes? Evidence from Burkina Faso, Working Paper, No. 2019:2, Uppsala University, Department of Economics, Uppsala, http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-376700 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/197671 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu Department of Economics Working Paper 2019:2 Does revolution change risk attitudes? Evidence from Burkina Faso Mohammad H.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of National Democratic Institute's (NDI)
    2014:29 Sida Decentralised Evaluation Jérôme Gouzou Bala Wenceslas Sanou Susanne Vedsted Evaluation of National Democratic Institute’s (NDI) programme 2009-2014 in Burkina Faso: “Enhancing the ability of women leaders to engage effectively in pro-poor democratic governance” Final Report Evaluation of National Democratic Institute’s (NDI) programme 2009-2014 in Burkina Faso: “Enhancing the ability of women leaders to engage effectively in pro-poor democratic governance” Final Report May 2014 Jérôme Gouzou Bala Wenceslas Sanou Susanne Vedsted Sida Decentralised Evaluation 2014:29 Sida Authors: Jérôme Gouzou, Bala Wenceslas Sanou, Susanne Vedsted The views and interpretations expressed in this report are the authors’ and do not necessarily reflect those of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Sida. Sida Decentralised Evaluation 2014:29 Commissioned by Sida, Department for Europe Latin America, Eastern Europe Unit Copyright: Sida and the authors Date of final report: May 2014 Published by Citat 2014 Art. no. Sida61754en urn:nbn:se:sida-61754en This publication can be downloaded from: http://www.sida.se/publications SWEDISH INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION AGENCY Address: S-105 25 Stockholm, Sweden. Office: Valhallavägen 199, Stockholm Telephone: +46 (0)8-698 50 00. Telefax: +46 (0)8-20 88 64 E-mail: [email protected]. Homepage: http://www.sida.se Table of Contents Table of Contents ................................................................................................. 2 Abbreviations and Acronyms ...............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Demand for Millet Processed Products in Mali and Burkina Faso
    Demand for Millet Processed Products in Mali and Burkina Faso Ababacar Ndoye,1 Botorou Ouendeba,2 and John H. Sanders3 September10, 2015 Abstract Cereals pass from staples to processed foods and feeds with economic growth. The demand for cereals and tubers substantially declines with economic growth as high value products including animal products, fruits and vegetables become much more important in the diet. However, for the short run (next five years) rapid population growth is expected to be the principal factor maintaining demand growth. Moreover, as the prices for the processed traditional millet products are reduced 30% from their present high levels, the increased consumption by lower and middle income consumers would double the demand growth for these processed products over the next five years. On the farm technological change enables a reduction in costs per output unit and therefore prices can decline with many farmers still making money. However, with a too rapid price decline farmers are discouraged from making the investments and increased expenditures necessary for the added inputs associated with technological change. Moreover, the substantial rainfall variation in the Sahel combined with the lack of secondary markets can lead to price collapses in good rainfall years. Therefore, an important component of introducing new technology for millet and sorghum is developing the secondary markets. The primary market is the unprocessed threshed grains. The secondary market reduces or avoids these price collapses. We are investigating
    [Show full text]
  • USAID OFFICE of FOOD for PEACE BURKINA FASO FOOD Security Country Framework Fy 2010-2014
    USAID OFFICE OF FOOD FOR PEACE USAID OFFICE OF FOOD FOR PEACE BURKINA FASO FOOD SECURITY COUNTRY FRAMEWORK FY 2010-2014 OCTOBER 2009 This report is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the support of the Office of Food for Peace, Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance, USAID/Burkina Faso, and the Office of Health, Infectious Disease, and Nutrition, Bureau for Global Health, United States Agency for Interna- tional Development (USAID), under terms of Cooperative Agreement No. GHN-A-00-08-00001-00, through the Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance II Project (FANTA-2), managed by the Academy for Educational Develop- ment (AED). The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. Recommended citation: Mathys, Ellen and Alison Gardner. USAID Office of Food for Peace Burkina Faso Food Security Country Framework FY 2010 – FY 2014. Washington, D.C.: Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance II FANTA 2 Project (FANTA-2), Academy for Educational Development (AED), 2009. FOOD AND NUTRITION This document may be reproduced without written permission by including the full citation of the source. An TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE electronic version is available for download from www.fanta-2.org. Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance II Project Academy for Educational Development 1825 Connecticut Ave., NW Washington, D.C. 20009-5721 Tel: 202-884-8000 Fax: 202-884-8432 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.fanta-2.org TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................................................ I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................. V 1. OBJECTIVES OF THE COUNTRY FRAMEWORK ...............................................................................1 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to Risk Factors for Elections in the G5 Sahel Region Factors External to the Electoral Process Guide to Risk Factors for Elections in the G5 Sahel Region
    Guide to Risk Factors for Elections in the G5 Sahel Region Factors External to the Electoral Process Guide to Risk Factors for Elections in the G5 Sahel Region Factors External to the Electoral Process Sead Alihodzic, Maurice Mboula Jean-Claude Didier Enguélégué, Idayat Hassan and Robin Watts © 2020 International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance International IDEA publications are independent of specific national or political interests. Views expressed in this publication do not necessarily represent the views of International IDEA, its Board or its Council members. The electronic version of this publication is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0) licence. You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the publication as well as to remix and adapt it, provided it is only for non-commercial purposes, that you appropriately attribute the publication, and that you distribute it under an identical licence. For more information visit the Creative Commons website: <http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/>. International IDEA Strömsborg SE–103 34 Stockholm Sweden Telephone: +46 8 698 37 00 Email: [email protected] Website: <https://www.idea.int> DOI: <https://doi.org/10.31752/idea.2020.35> ISBN: 978-91-7671-322-8 (PDF) Created with Booktype: <https://www.booktype.pro> International IDEA Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 5 1. Changing power dynamics
    [Show full text]
  • Connecting Food Staples and Input Markets in West Africa
    97279 Connecting Food Staples and Input Markets in West Africa Public Disclosure Authorized A Regional Trade Agenda for ECOWAS Countries Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Connecting Food Staples and Input Markets in West Africa A Regional Trade Agenda for ECOWAS Countries Jean-Christophe Maur and Ben Shepherd Report No. 97279-AFR Disclaimer The organizations (that is, IBRD, IFC, and MIGA), using their best efforts in the time available, have en- deavored to provide high-quality services hereunder and have relied on information provided to them by a wide range of other sources. However, they do not make any representations or warranties regard- ing the completeness or accuracy of the information included this report, or the results that would be achieved by following its recommendations. June 2015 Trade and Competitiveness Africa Region Cover photo credit: Ami Vitale, 2002, cassava roots © 2015 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: http://www.worldbank.org E-mail: [email protected] Contents Acknowledgments xi Introduction xiii Notes xvi References xvii Abbreviations and Acronyms xix Overview: An Imperfect Regional Market xxiii The Regional Agenda xxviii The National Agenda xxxvi 1. Regional Trade Flows in Food Staples in the Economic Community of West African States Space l ECOWAS Is Increasingly Dependent on External Markets for Its Staples Needs 2 Regional Trade Flows in Food Staples: What Do We Know? 8 Market Sheds without Borders: Informality as the Motor of Regional Trade 25 Connecting Markets 28 Conclusions and Policy Recommendations 34 Notes 38 References 41 2.
    [Show full text]