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The Skeleton AXIAL SKELETON

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The Skeleton AXIAL SKELETON BIOL 231, Human Anatomy Wennstrom The Skeleton Goals: • Identify the bones and bone features listed below • List the articulations of each of the bones below and identify the sites of articulation (e.g. which bones make joints with which other bones, and which bone parts form those joints?) • Distinguish whether a specimen is from the left or right side of the body for the scapula, humerus, coxal bone, and femur AXIAL SKELETON CRANIAL BONES FACIAL BONES VERTEBRAL COLUMN Frontal bone Nasal bones Atlas coronal suture Maxilla transverse foramen supraorbital foramen incisive foramen Axis orbital surface palatine process transverse foramen Parietal bones median palatine suture dens lambdoidal suture infraorbital foramen Cervical vertebrae (7) sagittal suture orbital surface Thoracic vertebrae (12) squamosal suture Lacrimal bones Lumbar vertebrae (5) Occipital bone Zygomatic bones Sacrum (5 fused bones) foramen magnum temporal process Coccyx (4 fused bones) occipital condyles orbital surface Vertebral structures Temporal bones Palatine bones centrum (body) external acoustic meatus horizontal plate vertebral foramen internal acoustic meatus Vomer superior & inferior articular styloid process Mandible facets zygomatic process angle vertebral arch (lamina & mastoid process body pedicle) mandibular fossa mandibular foramen transverse process carotid canal mental foramen spinous process jugular foramen mandibular notch stylomastoid foramen mental protuberance THORAX Sphenoid bone alveolar margin Rib sella turcica condylar process angle pterygoid process mandibular condyle shaft greater wing coronoid process head lesser wing ramus neck superior orbital fissure costal groove orbital surface tubercle foramen lacerum Sternum foramen ovale body foramen rotundum manubrium foramen spinosum xiphoid process optic canal Ethmoid bone cribriform plate cribriform foramina crista galli perpendicular plate orbital surface middle nasal concha Inferior nasal concha APPENDICULAR SKELETON PECTORAL GIRDLE PELVIC GIRDLE Clavicle Coxal bone (3 fused bones) acromial end acetabulum sternal end obturator foramen Scapula Ilium inferior & superior angles greater sciatic notch acromion process iliac crest coracoid process iliac fossa lateral (axillary) border Ischium medial (vertebral) border ischial ramus superior border ischial spine suprascapular notch lesser sciatic notch spine ischial tuberosity supraspinous fossa Pubis infraspinous fossa inferior & superior rami glenoid fossa (cavity) pubic tubercle UPPER LIMB LOWER LIMB Humerus Femur head lateral & medial condyles neck (surgical & anatomical) intercondylar fossa greater & lesser tubercles greater & lesser trochanters deltoid tuberosity head capitulum neck trochlea linea aspera coronoid fossa patellar surface olecranon fossa medial & lateral epicondyles radial fossa Patella medial & lateral epicondyles Tibia Radius medial malleolus head tibial tuberosity neck lateral & medial condyle styloid process Fibula ulnar notch head radial tuberosity lateral malleolus Ulna Tarsals head Calcaneus coronoid process Talus olecranon process Metatarsals radial notch Phalanges styloid process distal phalanx trochlear notch middle phalanx Carpals proximal phalanx Metacarpals Phalanges distal phalanx middle phalanx proximal phalanx .
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