DOCSLIB.ORG

The Morphometric Study of Occurrence and Variations of Foramen Ovale S

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Morphometric Study of Occurrence and Variations of Foramen Ovale S Research Article The morphometric study of occurrence and variations of foramen ovale S. Ajrish George*, M. S. Thenmozhi ABSTRACT Background: Foramen vale is one of the important foramina present in the sphenoid bone. Anatomically it is located in the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. The foramen ovale is situated posterolateral to the foramen rotundum and anteromedial to the foramen spinosum. The foramen spinosum is present posterior to the foramen ovale. The carotid canal is present posterior and medial to the foramen spinosum and the foramen rotundum is present anterior to the foramen ovale. The structures which pass through the foramen ovale are the mandibular nerve, emissary vein, accessory middle meningeal artery, and lesser petrosal nerve. The sphenoid bone has a body, a pair of greater wing, pair of lesser wing, pair of lateral pterygoid plate, and a pair of medial pterygoid plate. Aim: The study involves the assessment of any additional features in foramen ovale in dry South Indian skulls. Materials and Methods: This study involves examination of dry adult skulls. First, the foramen ovale is located, and then it is carefully examined for presence of alterations and additional features, and is recorded following computing the data and analyzing it. Results: The maximum length of foramen ovale on the right and left was 10.1 mm, 4.3 mm, respectively. The minimum length of the foramen in right and left was 9.1 mm, 3.2 mm, respectively. The maximum width of foramen ovale on the right and left was 4.8 mm and 2.3 mm, respectively. The minimum width of the foramen in the right and the left side was 5.7 mm and 2.9 mm, respectively. Conclusion: Hence, the anatomic variations should be assessed before any process as variation found in the present study. KEY WORDS: Foramen ovale, Morphometrics, Variations INTRODUCTION mandibular nerve is surrounded by cartilage to form the foramen ovale.[5] The foramen ovale is observed in Foramen ovale is one of the important foramina present the 7th fetal month as a discrete ring-shaped area and in the sphenoid bone. Anatomically it is located in the is prominently visible even 3 years after birth. The infratemporal surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid foramen ovale connects the pterygoid plexus to the bone. The foramen ovale is situated posterolateral to cavernous sinus through the emissary veins.[6] In this the foramen rotundum and anteromedial to foramen study, the symmetrical variation of the foramen ovale [1] spinosum. The foramen spinosum is present posterior is concentrated. to the foramen ovale. The carotid canal is present posterior and medial to the foramen spinosum, and the MATERIALS AND METHODS foramen rotundum is present anterior to the foramen ovale. The structures which pass through the foramen This study involves examination of dry adult skulls. ovale are the mandibular nerve, emissary vein, accessory The skulls were obtained from the Department of middle meningeal artery, and lesser petrosal nerve.[2] The Anatomy, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, sphenoid bone has a body, a pair of greater wing, pair Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Skulls in poor condition of lesser wing, pair of lateral pterygoid plate, and a pair or with partially damaged surroundings were not of medial pterygoid plate.[3] During the development considered. Measurements of the foramina ovale were of the greater wing of sphenoid is associated with the done by placing a pair of dividers on the anteroposterior postsphenoid space.[4] The greater wing of the sphenoid (length) and transverse (width) diameters of the is formed by endochondral ossification in which the foramen, and then carefully transferred to a meter rule for the readings to be taken. In addition to this, the Access this article online symmetry of both foramina present in the right and the left sides was also compared carefully. All the Website: jprsolutions.info ISSN: 0975-7619 measurements were recorded in millimeters. Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India *Corresponding author: S. Ajrish George, Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail: [email protected] Received on: 15-06-2019; Revised on: 20-07-2019; Accepted on: 24-08-2019 98 Drug Invention Today | Vol 12 • Special Issue 1 • 2019 S. Ajrish George and M. S. Thenmozhi RESULTS in the easy access of the trigeminal nerve thus helps to anesthetize the mandibular nerve.[8] Foramen ovale The study was conducted on a total of 60 sides in 30 dry plays a vital role in procedures such as percutaneous adult skulls. The maximum length of foramen ovale on biopsy of tumors of the cavernous sinus,[9] percutaneous the right and left was 10.1 mm and 4.3 mm, respectively. trigeminal rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia The minimum length of the foramen in the right and left due to easy access of the gasserian ganglion,[10,11] was 9.1 mm and 3.2 mm, respectively. The mean length and electroencephalic analysis of the seizure for of foramen ovale on the right was 6.773 ± 1.652 mm selective amygdalohippocampectomy patients.[10] The and on the left was 5.744 ± 1.791 mm [Chart 1]. The dimensions of the forman ovale are used to assess the maximum width of foramen ovale on the right and left skull base symmetries.[12] The mean length of foramen was 4.8 mm and 2.3 mm, respectively. The minimum ovale on the right was 6.773 ± 1.652 mm and on the left width of the foramen in the right and the left sides was was 5.744 ± 1.791 mm. The results are in agreement 5.7 mm and 2.9 mm, respectively. The mean width of with a study conducted by Biswabina Ray et al. on 70 foramen ovale on the right was 3.56 ± 0.737 mm and on sides if 35 human dry skulls in their study. The mean the left was 4.28 ± 0.833 mm [Chart 2]. About 13.33% length of foramen ovale was 7.46 ± 1.41 mm on the of symmetry was observed [Chart 3]. right side and 7.01 ± 1.41 mm on the left side.[13] The mean length of foramen ovale was 6.60mm and 6.26 DISCUSSION mm on the right and left sides in a study conducted in Loni, Maharashtra. In the study done in mangalore, The foramen ovale plays a very important role in various 82 skulls were selected and the mean length of the surgical as well as diagnostic procedures. [7] It helps Foramen study the mean length of foramen ovale was 7.46 ± 1.41 mm on right side 7.01 ± 1.41 mm on left side.[14,15] In this study, the maximum and minimum lengths of foramen ovale on the right and left was 10.1 mm, 4.3 mm and 9.1 mm, 3.2 mm, respectively. This value falls in agreement with the values obtained by the research carried out by Arun (2006) in Nepal, in which the maximal length of foramina ovale of 25 unknown adult human skulls was 9.8 mm, and the minimal length was 2.9 mm.[16] In a developmental Chart 1: Length study conducted in Japan, an average maximal length of foramen ovale was 7.48 mm, and average minimal length was 4.17 mm. In Lang study, the length was 7.2 mm.[17] Landl study reported 6.9 mm on right side and 6.8 mm on left side.[18] The mean width of foramen ovale on the right was 3.56 0.737 mm and on the left was 4.28 ± 0.833 mm. Average width on the right side was 3.4 mm and 3.8 mm on the left side was reported in a study conducted by fluoroscopically assisted laser targeting of foramen ovale in New York.[19] The maximum and minimum width of foramen ovale on the right and left was 4.8 mm, 2.3 mm and 5.7 mm, Chart 2: Width 2.9 mm, respectively. In a study conducted by Gupta, the maximum width of foramen ovale was 5.0 mm on both right and left sides, whereas minimum width Chart 3: Symmetry Drug Invention Today | Vol 12 • Special Issue 1 • 2019 99 S. Ajrish George and M. S. Thenmozhi was 1.0 mm on right side and 2.2 mm on left side.[19] Krishnamurthy A, Murlimanju BV, et al. A morphometric study Symmetry was observed 13.33% of the skulls. of foramen ovale. Turk Neurosurg 2011;21:378-83. 9. Sindou M, Chavez JM, Saint Pierre G, Jouvet A. Percutaneous biopsy of cavernous sinus tumors through the foramen ovale. CONCLUSION Neurosurgery 1997;40:106-10. 10. Wieser HG, Siegel AM. Analysis of foramen ovale electrode- Hence, foramen ovale has differing dimensions and recorded seizures and correlation with outcome following symmetry which has various clinical, surgical, and amygdalohippocampectomy. Epilepsia 1991;32:838-50. 11. Gusmão S, Oliveira M, Tazinaffo U, Honey CR. Percutaneous anatomical importance. This study is of significance trigeminal nerve radiofrequency rhizotomy guided by for the medical practitioners in cases of trigeminal computerized tomography fluoroscopy. Technical note. neuralgia, diagnostic detection of tumors, and J Neurosurg 2003;99:785-6. 12. Gözil R, Keskil S, Calgüner E, Tunç E, Kadioğlu D, Sevim A, abnormal bony outgrowths causing ischemia and et al. Neurocranial morphology as determined by asymmetries necrosis. of the skull base. J Anat 1996;189 (Pt 3):673-5. 13. Ray B, Gupta N, Ghose S. Anatomic variations of foramen ovale.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • MR Imaging of the Orbital Apex
    J Korean Radiol Soc 2000;4 :26 9-0 6 1 6 MR Imaging of the Orbital Apex: An a to m y and Pat h o l o g y 1 Ho Kyu Lee, M.D., Chang Jin Kim, M.D.2, Hyosook Ahn, M.D.3, Ji Hoon Shin, M.D., Choong Gon Choi, M.D., Dae Chul Suh, M.D. The apex of the orbit is basically formed by the optic canal, the superior orbital fis- su r e , and their contents. Space-occupying lesions in this area can result in clinical d- eficits caused by compression of the optic nerve or extraocular muscles. Even vas c u l a r changes in the cavernous sinus can produce a direct mass effect and affect the orbit ap e x. When pathologic changes in this region is suspected, contrast-enhanced MR imaging with fat saturation is very useful. According to the anatomic regions from which the lesions arise, they can be classi- fied as belonging to one of five groups; lesions of the optic nerve-sheath complex, of the conal and intraconal spaces, of the extraconal space and bony orbit, of the cav- ernous sinus or diffuse. The characteristic MR findings of various orbital lesions will be described in this paper. Index words : Orbit, diseases Orbit, MR The apex of the orbit is a complex region which con- tains many nerves, vessels, soft tissues, and bony struc- Anatomy of the orbital apex tures such as the superior orbital fissure and the optic canal (1-3), and is likely to be involved in various dis- The orbital apex region consists of the optic nerve- eases (3).
    [Show full text]
  • Gross Anatomy Assignment Name: Olorunfemi Peace Toluwalase Matric No: 17/Mhs01/257 Dept: Mbbs Course: Gross Anatomy of Head and Neck
    GROSS ANATOMY ASSIGNMENT NAME: OLORUNFEMI PEACE TOLUWALASE MATRIC NO: 17/MHS01/257 DEPT: MBBS COURSE: GROSS ANATOMY OF HEAD AND NECK QUESTION 1 Write an essay on the carvernous sinus. The cavernous sinuses are one of several drainage pathways for the brain that sits in the middle. In addition to receiving venous drainage from the brain, it also receives tributaries from parts of the face. STRUCTURE ➢ The cavernous sinuses are 1 cm wide cavities that extend a distance of 2 cm from the most posterior aspect of the orbit to the petrous part of the temporal bone. ➢ They are bilaterally paired collections of venous plexuses that sit on either side of the sphenoid bone. ➢ Although they are not truly trabeculated cavities like the corpora cavernosa of the penis, the numerous plexuses, however, give the cavities their characteristic sponge-like appearance. ➢ The cavernous sinus is roofed by an inner layer of dura matter that continues with the diaphragma sellae that covers the superior part of the pituitary gland. The roof of the sinus also has several other attachments. ➢ Anteriorly, it attaches to the anterior and middle clinoid processes, posteriorly it attaches to the tentorium (at its attachment to the posterior clinoid process). Part of the periosteum of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone forms the floor of the sinus. ➢ The body of the sphenoid acts as the medial wall of the sinus while the lateral wall is formed from the visceral part of the dura mater. CONTENTS The cavernous sinus contains the internal carotid artery and several cranial nerves. Abducens nerve (CN VI) traverses the sinus lateral to the internal carotid artery.
    [Show full text]
  • Septation of the Sphenoid Sinus and Its Clinical Significance
    1793 International Journal of Collaborative Research on Internal Medicine & Public Health Septation of the Sphenoid Sinus and its Clinical Significance Eldan Kapur 1* , Adnan Kapidžić 2, Amela Kulenović 1, Lana Sarajlić 2, Adis Šahinović 2, Maida Šahinović 3 1 Department of anatomy, Medical faculty, University of Sarajevo, Čekaluša 90, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina 2 Clinic for otorhinolaryngology, Clinical centre University of Sarajevo, Bolnička 25, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina 3 Department of histology and embriology, Medical faculty, University of Sarajevo, Čekaluša 90, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina * Corresponding Author: Eldan Kapur, MD, PhD Department of anatomy, Medical faculty, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Email: [email protected] Phone: 033 66 55 49; 033 22 64 78 (ext. 136) Abstract Introduction: Sphenoid sinus is located in the body of sphenoid, closed with a thin plate of bone tissue that separates it from the important structures such as the optic nerve, optic chiasm, cavernous sinus, pituitary gland, and internal carotid artery. It is divided by one or more vertical septa that are often asymmetric. Because of its location and the relationships with important neurovascular and glandular structures, sphenoid sinus represents a great diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the septation of the sphenoid sinus and relationship between the number and position of septa and internal carotid artery in the adult BH population. Participants and Methods: A retrospective study of the CT analysis of the paranasal sinuses in 200 patients (104 male, 96 female) were performed using Siemens Somatom Art with the following parameters: 130 mAs: 120 kV, Slice: 3 mm.
    [Show full text]
  • Morfofunctional Structure of the Skull
    N.L. Svintsytska V.H. Hryn Morfofunctional structure of the skull Study guide Poltava 2016 Ministry of Public Health of Ukraine Public Institution «Central Methodological Office for Higher Medical Education of MPH of Ukraine» Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukranian Medical Stomatological Academy» N.L. Svintsytska, V.H. Hryn Morfofunctional structure of the skull Study guide Poltava 2016 2 LBC 28.706 UDC 611.714/716 S 24 «Recommended by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine as textbook for English- speaking students of higher educational institutions of the MPH of Ukraine» (minutes of the meeting of the Commission for the organization of training and methodical literature for the persons enrolled in higher medical (pharmaceutical) educational establishments of postgraduate education MPH of Ukraine, from 02.06.2016 №2). Letter of the MPH of Ukraine of 11.07.2016 № 08.01-30/17321 Composed by: N.L. Svintsytska, Associate Professor at the Department of Human Anatomy of Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy», PhD in Medicine, Associate Professor V.H. Hryn, Associate Professor at the Department of Human Anatomy of Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy», PhD in Medicine, Associate Professor This textbook is intended for undergraduate, postgraduate students and continuing education of health care professionals in a variety of clinical disciplines (medicine, pediatrics, dentistry) as it includes the basic concepts of human anatomy of the skull in adults and newborns. Rewiewed by: O.M. Slobodian, Head of the Department of Anatomy, Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery of Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Bukovinian State Medical University», Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor M.V.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphology of the Foramen Magnum in Young Eastern European Adults
    Folia Morphol. Vol. 71, No. 4, pp. 205–216 Copyright © 2012 Via Medica O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E ISSN 0015–5659 www.fm.viamedica.pl Morphology of the foramen magnum in young Eastern European adults F. Burdan1, 2, J. Szumiło3, J. Walocha4, L. Klepacz5, B. Madej1, W. Dworzański1, R. Klepacz3, A. Dworzańska1, E. Czekajska-Chehab6, A. Drop6 1Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland 2St. John’s Cancer Centre, Lublin, Poland 3Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland 4Department of Anatomy, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland 5Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Behavioural Health Centre, New York Medical College, Valhalla NY, USA 6Department of General Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland [Received 21 July 2012; Accepted 7 September 2012] Background: The foramen magnum is an important anatomical opening in the base of the skull through which the posterior cranial fossa communicates with the vertebral canal. It is also related to a number of pathological condi- tions including Chiari malformations, various tumours, and occipital dysplasias. The aim of the study was to evaluate the morphology of the foramen magnum in adult individuals in relation to sex. Material and methods: The morphology of the foramen magnum was evalu- ated using 3D computer tomography images in 313 individuals (142 male, 171 female) aged 20–30 years. Results: The mean values of the foramen length (37.06 ± 3.07 vs. 35.47 ± ± 2.60 mm), breadth (32.98 ± 2.78 vs. 30.95 ± 2.71 mm) and area (877.40 ± ± 131.64 vs.
    [Show full text]
  • Microscopic Anatomy of the Carotid Canal and Its Relations with Cochlea
    Rev Bras Otorrinolaringol. V.71, n.4, 410-4, jul./ago. 2005 ARTIGO ORIGINAL ORIGINAL ARTICLE Anatomia microscópica do canal Microscopic anatomy of the carótico e suas relações com a carotid canal and its relations cóclea e a cavidade timpânica with cochlea and middle ear Norma de Oliveira Penido1, Andrei Borin2, 3 4 Palavras-chave: anatomia, osso temporal, Yotaka Fukuda , Cristina Navarro Santos Lion artéria carótida interna, cóclea, orelha. Key words: anatomy, temporal bone, internal carotid artery, cochlea, ear. Resumo / Summary s relações entre as diversas estruturas nobres e vitais he knowledge of the relations between the noble and queA se apresentam na intimidade do osso temporal consti- vitalT structures of temporal bone is still a great challenge for tuem ainda hoje um grande desafio para o cirurgião otológico. the otologic surgeon. The microscopic anatomic studies of Os estudos micro-anatômicos do mesmo se encontram en- the temporal bone are one of the greatest help to prevent tre as grandes armas na busca deste entendimento. Objeti- lesions during surgical intervention. Aim: To study the vo: Estudar as correlações anatômicas entre o canal carótico anatomic correlations between the carotid canal and the e a cóclea, e a ocorrência de deiscências do mesmo junto à cochlea, and the occurrence of dehiscence of the carotid cavidade timpânica. Material e Método: Estudo microscó- canal in the middle ear tympanic cavity. Material and pico de 122 ossos temporais humanos. Resultados: As dis- Methods: Microscopic study of 122 human temporal bones. tâncias médias entre o canal carótico e os giros cocleares RESULTS: The average distance between the carotid canal foram: no local de menor distância 1,05mm; no giro basal, and the cochlea were: the shortest distance, 1.05mm; basal 2,04mm; no giro médio, 2,32mm; e no giro apical, 5,7mm.
    [Show full text]
  • Required List of Bones and Markings
    REQUIRED LIST OF BONES AND MARKINGS Axial Skeleton Skull Cranial Bones (8) Frontal Bone (1) Supraorbital foramina Supraorbital ridges or margins Parietal Bones (2) Temporal Bones (2) External auditory meatus Mastoid process Styloid process Zygomatic process Mandibular fossa Foramen lacerum Carotid foramen Jugular foramen Stylomastoid foramen Internal auditory meatus Occipital Bone (1) Foramen magnum Occipital condyles Ethmoid Bone (1) Cribriform plate Olfactory foramina in cribriform plate Crista galli Perpendicular plate (forms superior part of nasal septum) Middle nasal concha Superior nasal concha Sphenoid Bone (1) Foramen ovale Foramen rotundum Sella turcica Greater wing Lesser wing Optic foramen Inferior orbital fissure Superior orbital fissure Pterygoid processes Skull (cont’d) Facial Bones (14) Lacrimal Bones (2) Lacrimal fossa Nasal Bones (2) Inferior Nasal Conchae (2) Vomer (1) (forms inferior portion of nasal septum) Zygomatic Bones (2) Temporal process (forms zygomatic arch with zygomatic process of temporal bone) Maxillae (2) Alveoli Palatine process (forms anterior part of hard palate) Palatine Bones (2) (form posterior part of hard palate) Mandible (1) Alveoli Body Mental foramen Ramus Condylar process (mandibular condyle) Coronoid process Miscellaneous (Skull) Paranasal sinuses are located in the ethmoid bone, sphenoid bone, frontal bone, and maxillae Zygomatic arch (“cheekbone”) is composed of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the temporal process of the zygomatic bone 2 pairs of nasal conchae (superior and middle) are part of the ethmoid bone. 1 pair (inferior) are separate facial bones. All the scroll-like conchae project into the lateral walls of the nasal cavity. Hard palate (“roof of mouth”) is composed of 2 palatine processes of the maxillae and the 2 palatine bones (total of 4 fused bones).
    [Show full text]
  • Lab Manual Axial Skeleton Atla
    1 PRE-LAB EXERCISES When studying the skeletal system, the bones are often sorted into two broad categories: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. This lab focuses on the axial skeleton, which consists of the bones that form the axis of the body. The axial skeleton includes bones in the skull, vertebrae, and thoracic cage, as well as the auditory ossicles and hyoid bone. In addition to learning about all the bones of the axial skeleton, it is also important to identify some significant bone markings. Bone markings can have many shapes, including holes, round or sharp projections, and shallow or deep valleys, among others. These markings on the bones serve many purposes, including forming attachments to other bones or muscles and allowing passage of a blood vessel or nerve. It is helpful to understand the meanings of some of the more common bone marking terms. Before we get started, look up the definitions of these common bone marking terms: Canal: Condyle: Facet: Fissure: Foramen: (see Module 10.18 Foramina of Skull) Fossa: Margin: Process: Throughout this exercise, you will notice bold terms. This is meant to focus your attention on these important words. Make sure you pay attention to any bold words and know how to explain their definitions and/or where they are located. Use the following modules to guide your exploration of the axial skeleton. As you explore these bones in Visible Body’s app, also locate the bones and bone markings on any available charts, models, or specimens. You may also find it helpful to palpate bones on yourself or make drawings of the bones with the bone markings labeled.
    [Show full text]
  • MORPHOMETRIC and MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS of FORAMEN OVALE in DRY HUMAN SKULLS Ashwini
    International Journal of Anatomy and Research, Int J Anat Res 2017, Vol 5(1):3547-51. ISSN 2321-4287 Original Research Article DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.109 MORPHOMETRIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF FORAMEN OVALE IN DRY HUMAN SKULLS Ashwini. N.S *1, Venkateshu. K.V 2. *1 Assistant Professor, Department Of Anatomy,Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College ,Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India. 2 Professor And Head, Department Of Anatomy ,Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Tamaka, Kolar, India. ABSTRACT Introduction: Foramen ovale is an important foramen in the middle cranial fossa. Foramen ovale is situated in the greater wing of sphenoid bone, posterior to the foramen rotandum. Through the foramen ovale the mandibular nerve, accessory meningeal artery, lesser petrosal nerve, emissary veins pass .The shape of the foramen ovale is usually oval compared to other foramen of the skull. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 55 dry human skulls(110 sides) in Department of Anatomy, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical college, Tamaka, Kolar. Skulls in poor condition or skulls with partially damaged surroundings around the foramen ovale were excluded from the study. Linear measurements were taken on right and left sides of foramen ovale using divider and meter rule. Results: The maximum length of foramen ovale was 14 mm on the right side and 17 mm on the left, its maximum breadth on the right side was 8mm and 10mm on the left . Through the statistical analysis of morphometric measurements between right and left foramen ovale which was found to be insignificant , the results of both sides marks as the evidence of asymmetry in the morphometry of the foramen ovale.
    [Show full text]
  • MBB: Head & Neck Anatomy
    MBB: Head & Neck Anatomy Skull Osteology • This is a comprehensive guide of all the skull features you must know by the practical exam. • Many of these structures will be presented multiple times during upcoming labs. • This PowerPoint Handout is the resource you will use during lab when you have access to skulls. Mind, Brain & Behavior 2021 Osteology of the Skull Slide Title Slide Number Slide Title Slide Number Ethmoid Slide 3 Paranasal Sinuses Slide 19 Vomer, Nasal Bone, and Inferior Turbinate (Concha) Slide4 Paranasal Sinus Imaging Slide 20 Lacrimal and Palatine Bones Slide 5 Paranasal Sinus Imaging (Sagittal Section) Slide 21 Zygomatic Bone Slide 6 Skull Sutures Slide 22 Frontal Bone Slide 7 Foramen RevieW Slide 23 Mandible Slide 8 Skull Subdivisions Slide 24 Maxilla Slide 9 Sphenoid Bone Slide 10 Skull Subdivisions: Viscerocranium Slide 25 Temporal Bone Slide 11 Skull Subdivisions: Neurocranium Slide 26 Temporal Bone (Continued) Slide 12 Cranial Base: Cranial Fossae Slide 27 Temporal Bone (Middle Ear Cavity and Facial Canal) Slide 13 Skull Development: Intramembranous vs Endochondral Slide 28 Occipital Bone Slide 14 Ossification Structures/Spaces Formed by More Than One Bone Slide 15 Intramembranous Ossification: Fontanelles Slide 29 Structures/Apertures Formed by More Than One Bone Slide 16 Intramembranous Ossification: Craniosynostosis Slide 30 Nasal Septum Slide 17 Endochondral Ossification Slide 31 Infratemporal Fossa & Pterygopalatine Fossa Slide 18 Achondroplasia and Skull Growth Slide 32 Ethmoid • Cribriform plate/foramina
    [Show full text]
  • Unilateral Absence of Foramen Spinosum with Bilateral Ophthalmic Origin of the Middle Meningeal Artery: Case Report and Review of the Literature E
    Folia Morphol. Vol. 73, No. 1, pp. 87–91 DOI: 10.5603/FM.2014.0013 C A S E R E P O R T Copyright © 2014 Via Medica ISSN 0015–5659 www.fm.viamedica.pl Unilateral absence of foramen spinosum with bilateral ophthalmic origin of the middle meningeal artery: case report and review of the literature E. Cvetko1, R. Bosnjak2 1Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia 2Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre, University Hospital Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia [Received 3 July 2013; Accepted 7 August 2013] Bilateral ophthalmic origin of the middle meningeal artery with an unilateral absence of foramen spinosum has not yet been described. We report on a skull with endocranial meningeal grooves indicating bilateral ophthalmic origin of the middle meningeal artery, however, its branches were normal both in their position and distribution. In addition, a rare venous sinus variation was present unilaterally — a sinus of Hyrtl. Imaging identification of the anomalous origin of the middle meningeal artery is important while planning surgical and endovascular interven- tions in the middle cranial fossa and the orbit. (Folia Morphol 2014; 73, 1: 87–91) Key words: anomaly, foramen spinosum, middle meningeal artery, ophthalmic artery, sinus Hyrtl INTRODUCTION a literature search of the MEDLINE database up to the Anomalous origin and variations in the course of year 2012. The date of the last search was December the medial meningeal artery (MMA) are of clinical 2012. The following keywords were queried singly significance. Imaging identification of the origin of and in combination: middle meningeal artery, varia- the MMA is important while planning surgical and tion, ophthalmic artery, foramen spinosum, absence, endovascular interventions in the region of the skull anatomy, anomaly, origin, sinus Hyrtl.
    [Show full text]
  • The Braincase of Two Late Cretaceous Asian Multituberculates Studied by Serial Sections
    The braincase of two Late Cretaceous Asian multituberculates studied by serial sections J0RN H. HURUM Hurum, J.H. 1998. The braincase of two Late Cretaceous Asian multituberculatesstudied by serial sections. -Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 43, 1, 21-52. The braincase structure of two Late Cretaceous Mongolian djadochtatherian multituber- culates Nemegtbaatar gobiensis and Chulsanbaatar vulgaris from the ?late Campanian of Mongolia is presented based on the two serially sectioned skulls and additional specimens. Reconstructions of the floor of the braincase in both taxa are given. The complete intracranial sphenoid region is reconstructed for the first time in multitubercu- lates. Cavum epiptericum is a separate space with the taenia clino-orbitalis (ossified pila antotica) as the medial wall, anterior lamina of the petrosal and possibly the alisphenoid as the lateral wall, and the basisphenoid, petrosal and possibly alisphenoid ventrally. The fovea hypochiasmatica is shallow, tuberculurn sellae is wide and more raised from the skull base than it is in the genus Pseudobolodon. The dorsal opening of the carotid canal is situated in the fossa hypophyseos. The taenia clino-orbitalis differs from the one described in Pseudobolodon and Lambdopsalis in possessing just one foramen (metoptic foramen). Compared to all extant mammals the braincase in Nemegtbaatar and Chulsan- baatar is primitive in that both the pila antotica and pila metoptica are retained. In both genera the anterior lamina of the petrosal is large with a long anterodorsal process while the alisphenoid is small. A review is given of the cranial anatomy in Nemegtbaatar and Chulsanbaatar. K e y w o r d s : Braincase structure, sphenoid complex, cavum epiptericum,Mammalia, Multituberculata,Djadochtatheria, Cretaceous, Mongolia.
    [Show full text]