A dictionary of Kristang ( Creole Portuguese) with English-Kristang finderlist

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Baxter, A.N. and De Silva, P. A dictionary of Kristang (Malacca Creole Portuguese) English. PL-564, xxii + 151 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 2005. DOI:10.15144/PL-564.cover ©2005 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. Pacific Linguistics 564

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Alan N. Baxter and Patrick de Silva

Pacific Linguistics Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies The Australian National University Published by Pacific Linguistics Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia

Copyright in this edition is vested with Pacific Linguistics. First published 2004

National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry:

Baxter, Alan N. A dictionary of Kristang : (Malacca Creole Portuguese)-English.

Bibliography. ISBN 0 85883 552 5.

1. - Dictionaries - English. 2. - Dictionaries - Kristang. 3. Kristang language - Malaysia - Dictionaries. I. Silva, Patrick de. II. Australian National University. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies. Pacific Linguistics 564. m. Title.

469.79321

The cover photograph depicts the last traditional Kristang boat to use a sail.

Copyediled by Wilson Typeset by Margaret Forster Cover design by Ciril's Printers Printed Ciril's Printers, Fyshwick, Canberra Table of contents

Acknow ledgements vi Introduction vii Abbreviations xix Bibliography xx Kristang-English dictionary 1 English-Kristang finderlist 91

v Acknowledgements

This dictionary could not have been compiled without the information and assistance provided by the Kristang people of Malacca, especially those of Trankerah, Praya Lane and the Portuguese Settlement. We are deeply indebted to the many Kristang people who contributed directly and indirectly to the project. For their assistance with regard to numerous etymologies and other linguistic aspects, we are indebted to: Dr E. Douglas Lewis (Department of Anthropology, The University of Melbourne), Dr Novi Djenar (Indonesian and Malay Program, Department of Asian Studies, La Trobe University), Professor Sander Adelaar (Depattment of Malay and Indonesian Studies, The University of Melbourne),Prof essor R.W. Thompson (Department of Spanish and Portuguese, La Trobe University), Dr Hilary Chappel (Department of Linguistics, La Trobe University), Dr Ng Bee Chin (Department of Linguistics, La Trobe University) and Professor Ivo Castro (Department of Linguistics, University of ). Of course, responsibility for the final product rests entirely with the authors of the dictionary.

Alan N. Baxter Patrick de Silva Centro de Investigac;:ao de Estudos Luso-Asiaticos Portuguese Settlement, Malacca Universidade de Macau S.A.R.

vi Introduction

Kristang, or Papiah Kristang, is spoken by a small community in the Hilir suburb of Malacca, West Malaysia, and by descendants of the Malacca community elsewhere in Malaysia and in .' Its origins reach back to 's colonial endeavours of the sixteenth century, and its strong cultural traditions and capacity to assimilate outsiders have helped it survive through the centuries (Baxter 2004). Contrary to what has sometimes been claimed by lay authors, Kristang is not sixteenth-century Portuguese. Rather, it is a , a language born of the contacts between speakers of Portuguese and speakers of local and other languages. Certainly, the large majority of its vocabulary is derived from older varieties of Portuguese, along with contributions from Malay and several other languages. However, its grammar and its phonology both display considerable Malay influence, as well as Portuguese influence, and some input from and Indian varieties of Creole Portuguese (Baxter 1983, 1998, 1990). At the same time, Kristang contains many elements of grammar that are original. In Asia, Creole Portuguese, in at least a dozen documented varieties (Holm 1988(ll): 285-298), arose as a by-product of Portugal's conquest of the maritime trade routes and the establishment of numerous trading posts during the sixteenth century. The origins of Creole Portuguese in Malacca are intimately tied to the strategies that the Portuguese adopted in order to cope with a critical manpower problem in their Asian colonies. The POltuguese drew heavily on local peoples, in maritime trade and military endeavors. activities aided in creating local Christian populations of a Portuguese cultural and linguistic orientation. However, the most important factor, in terms of social cohesion and control, was the creation of a casado class (European Portuguese officially married to local women), which gave rise to stable bilingual and multilingual mestifo populations loyal to the Portuguese crown.2 The European Portuguese were always greatly outnumbered by the various local elements. Creole Portuguese in Asia arose in such settings. After the arrival of the Portuguese, the indigenous languages, and local lingue franche, continued to be spoken, even by those under Portuguese cultural influence. Within this latter population, as each Portuguese post developed, initially strong models of Portuguese spoken as a second language were gradually diluted by the increase of the non-European population, and a consequent weakening of access to native European Portuguese models for acquisition. Pidgin

It is unknown how many speakers of Kristang there are, as no surveys have been conducted. In Malacca, there may be a little less than 1000. For the rest of Malaysia, and Singapore, no accurate numbers are available, pace Grimes (2000:550-55J). See Baxter (to appear) for further comments. 2 The casados constituted an official group with rights to a range of privileges, according to a policy introduced by Alfonso de Albuquerque, the first of (Baxter 1996). vii viii Introduction

POltuguese3 and Creole Portuguese from other colonies may have been present to some extent among ship crews, military personnel and slaves.4 Most likely, continua of second­ language varieties of Portuguese arose, from the rudimentary to the sophisticated, and displaying varying influences from the local languages. These second-language varieties of Portuguese would have provided input to the learningof Portuguese as a first language. In some contexts, local 'Portuguese' spoken as a first language probably approximated closely to the European model. However, in other contexts, where input to children's first­ language acquisition was mainly from varieties of Portuguese spoken as a second language, and less influenced by European models of Portuguese, creolization occurred. That is, a new language was created, based on Portuguese yet with influence from the locally spoken languages and from varieties of Creole Portuguese from India. Kristang was born of this process and coexisted in a bilingual relationship with Malay.s The Portuguese controlled Malacca for 130 years, from 1511 until 1641, when it was taken over by the Dutch. Towards the end of the Portuguese period there were 250 Portuguese casados, some 2000 slaves owned by these, and approximately 8000 Christian converts.6 Possibly half of this population would have spoken varieties of ·Portuguese'.7 Thirty-six years into the Dutch period, however, the 'Portuguese' element of the population was still the strongest ethnic group in the town. A census of 1678 lists 1469 persons of 'Portuguese' racial and cultural identity,S who owned 551 slaves (Bort, 1927[1678]: 39- 44).9 It seems reasonable to assume that these people all spoke 'Portuguese'.10 This is the

3 A pidgin language is a rudimentary second language displaying structural simplification and linguistic elements from several sources. It is used for communication between groups who do not have a common language and who do not learn each other's languages. See Holm (1988(1» for further details.

4 That Indian varieties of Creole Portuguese were present is demonstrated by the linguistic typology of Kristang (Baxter 1996).

S At least another three varieties of Creole Portuguese derived from Kristang survived in East and South East Asia into the twentieth century. Macau Creole Portuguese (Holm 1988(II):296-298; Baxter 1996:322-327), with its offshoots in Shanghai and , was partially a result of the foundation of Macau (in 1555) from Malacca, and today survives in a decreolized fo rm among approximately less than thirty elderly speakers in Macau and Hong Kong, and a further unknown but small number in the Macanese diaspora. Tugu Creole Portuguese, in (Baxter 1996:309-310), resulted from the resettlement in Batavia of Malacca Creoles, and peoples from other Portuguese colonies in South and South East Asia, after the Dutch conquests of Malacca in 1642 and of other Portuguese colonies in the same period. It became extinct in the 1970s (Baxter 1996:310). Bidau Creole Portuguese, in Dili, (Baxter 1990), arose as a result of the Dutch conquests of Malacca (in 1641) and (in 1660), and the subsequent shift of the Portuguese administrative centre in the Timor region from (Flores) to Dili (in 1796). Bidau Creole Portuguese became extinct in the period after 1950.

6 This assertion is based on two contemporary sources. Eredia (1930 11613]:20-21) observes that there were 300 Portuguese casados and 7400 local Christian converts. Later, Resende (191 1[<1638]:4) reports 250 Portuguese casados owning 2000slaves.

7 The term 'Portuguese' is used to represent the range of varieties based on Portuguese, ranging from rudimentary L2 and pidginized varieties at one extreme, through to creolized varieties and, at the other extreme, varieties approximating to Ll Portuguese.

S Bort's text refers to this group as 'Portuguese half-castes and blacks'.

9 The other ethnic groups listed by Bort were: 733 Dutch (+394 slaves), 588 (+180 slaves), 214 Moors (+214 slaves) and 426 Chinese (+237 slaves).

10 The strength of 'Portuguese' language use in this early stage of the Dutch period is evidenced by the fact that Portuguese continued to be a lingua franca of Malacca, and was even used by the Dutch Reformed Introduction ix population from which today's Kristangs descend, along with varying input through the assimilation of, among others,11 Malay, Indian, Sri-Lankan, Hokkien, Dutch, and British elements over the centuries. Kristang has had considerable linguistic documentation.12 Various aspects of the grammar have been described by Rego (1942), Hancock (1969, 1973, 1975), Baxter (1983, 1988, 1990 and 1996), and Thurgood and Thurgood (1996). Baxter (1988) is a descriptive grammar following linguistic principles, and is based on the language as recorded in the early 1980s. The lexicon has been documented by Rego (1942), Hancock (1973), Marbeck (1995) and, recently, in the form of a dictionary of the Singapore variety of Kristang (Scully & Zuzarte 2004) and pedagogical materials (Marbeck 2004). In addition to these publications, substantial vocabulary manuscripts have been compiled over the years by senior members of Padri sa , Joe Bosco Lazaroo, Patrick de Silva and Aloysius Sta Maria. Rego (1998 [1942]) presents extensive documentation of traditional verse, and Marbeck (1995) covers, in parallel text in Kristang and English, a range of cultural and historical topics. With the exception of Rego (1942), all of the publications mentioned here are written in a Malay-based orthography, as is this current dictionary.

1 The contents and scope of this dictionary

The goals of the present work are modest. Firstly, it aims to record words in use in Kristang today.13 Secondly, it aims to provide a basic dictionary founded on linguistic principles, both in its classification of the words and in spelling. As such, the dictionary is intended to be of practical use both to speakers of Kristang and to others who have an interest in this fascinating language. However, the dictionary does not claim to be exhaustivel4 or historical.15 Such aims require research far beyond the scope of the current project.

Church (Andaya 1983:199). By 1678, however, it may be assumed that the presence of Ll Portuguese approximating to a European model would have been insignificant as a target for acquisition. Throughout the range of varieties of 'Portuguese' there would have been varying degrees of influence from local 'Portuguese' input, and from other languages such as Malay and Hokkien.

II See Baxter (1988:Chapter 1) for an account of the formation of the community.

12 Kristang is well documented in the twentieth century. However, so far only two documents in Malacca Creole Portuguese have been located from an earlier period, from the nineteenth century (Baxter 1996: 308). One of these is a liturgical text, purporting to be Malacca Creole Portuguese, but resembling the London Missionary texts of the Ceylonese variety of Indo-Portuguese Creole. The other document is a fictitious conversation, possibly compiled by a priest with the assistance of a native speaker. The language of this latter item is reasonably close to the Kristang of today.

13 This dictionary has two sources. Firstly, it incorporates a word list which was compiled during research on the grammar of the Kristang language, as part of Baxter (1988). This earlier list built on work by Hancock (1973) and Rego (1942). Secondly, this dictionary is also based on an extensive word list compiled by Patrick de Silva.

14 In this respect, it must be stressed that the English-Kristang finderlist is merely a basic index to guide the reader in consulting the Kristang-English section. It is not an English-Kristang dictionary.

15 Readers who are interested in the earlier stages of the Kristang lexicon should consult Rego (1942), where a good number of expressions no longer in use today are to be found. x Introduction

2 How should Kristang be written?

Regrettably, rather few people have fe lt the need to write Kristang. However, it could . also be said that a lack of agreement on how to write the language has not helped thIs situation. Most materials written in the past in Kristang have been produced using a confusing variety of spellings. This lack of uniformity meant that earlier attempts to write Kristang had little, or no, impact on the literacy of the community or on the maintenance of the language. Broadly speaking, one can identify three main tendencies in early attempts to spell Kristang:

(i) A Portuguese-based system. The misconception that Kristang is a variety of Portuguese, a dialect of Portuguese, rather than a new creole language partially based on Old Portuguese,16 gave rise to the use of an orthography based on Modern Portuguese, at various stages in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Materials produced in the past by , for example Rego (1942), have generally used this type of spelling, and matelials written by some speakers of Kristang have occasionally followed this trend. () A mixed system. Some Kristang speakers have used a spelling which is influenced by a mixture of Portuguese, English and Malay characteristics. The problem with this and the Portuguese-based spelling system is that they are inconsistent in their representation of the sounds of Kristang, and they are not readily intelligible to Kristang speakers or to outsiders who do not speak Kristang.17 (iii) A Malay-based system. Such a proposal was first made by Hancock (1973:25) who felt that it 'has the advantage of being a system with which most speakers of Papia Kristang are already fami liar, and may easily be used since the phonological systems of the two languages are, broadly speaking, identical' .18 In the 1980s and 1990s publications by Baxter (J 988) and Marbeck (1995) followed this approach.

On the one hand, the decision to adopt a particular orthography is ultimately in the hands of the speech community itself. Clearly, those who feel that Kristang is a dialect of Portuguese may wish the Kristang orthography to resemble that of Portuguese. Usual arguments in favour of a Portuguese-based orthography are that it would allow the community access to writings in Portuguese and that speakers of Portuguese would be able to read Kristang. However, such arguments are of doubtful validity for two main reasons. Firstly, the grammars, the dictionaries and the pronunciations of Kristang and Portuguese are considerably different. Secondly, it is impractical for the community to learn a foreign orthography.

16 While Kristang is derived from older varieties of Portuguese, it is not Portuguese as such, nor is it a dialect of Portuguese. The main contribution of the to Kristang has been in its vocabulary. The grammar of Kristang owes far more to Malay than it does to Portuguese, although at the same time it displays many structures peculiar to Kristang itself. Technically, Kristang is a creole language, and it is often referred to as Malacca Creole Portuguese.

17 The advantages and disadvantages of all of the aforementioned orthographies for Kristang are discussed in Baxter (1988:42--44).

18 While this is an accurate assessment of the situation, it will be seen below that the writing of Kristang using a Malay-based orthography presents, nevertheless, some minor difficulties. In fact, although the phonologies of Kristang and Malay are quite close, there are some very clear differences between the two. Introduction xi

On the other hand, an olthography based on Malay holds considerable appeal. Thus, since most of the community has had some exposure to written Malay, there exists a situation where, with a minimum of effort, Kristang could be written and read by a large sector of the population virtually overnight if a Malay-derived orthography were adopted. A policy of this nature could make an important contribution to the maintenance of the language. 19 Moreover, Kristang written in such an orthography is still accessible to Portuguese speakers. It is pleasing to see that there is now a growing awareness in the Kristang community itself of the validity of a Malay-based orthography.20

3 The orthography used here

This dictionary uses the following system based on Bahasa Melayu, yet incorporating the pre-1972 Malay letters ch and C.21 These latter features, and the use of underlining to indicate stressed vowels in main entries, will be explained in §4.

Letter Sound Example p [p] J!edra 'stone' b [b] hong 'good' t [t] !udu 'all' d [d] !!enti 'tooth' f [f] filu 'son' v [v] nO!,i 'nine' s [s] §inku 'five' z [z] kaz;a 'house' [I] ! 'mud' r [r] remah 'to row' m [m] !!! 'mother' n [n] naris 'nose' ng [I)] mang 'hand' ny []1] lem:eh 'to mash' Iy [A] faha 'fault' ch [tS] chua 'rain' j [d3] jenti 'people' k [k] kaza 'house' g [g] .l:atu 'cat' w [w] syllable-initial (word-initial or between vowels) �esti 'west'

19 However, it would be na'ive to expect that literacy alone will lead to language maintenance. The survival of languages depends on several factors. Most importantly, the community must be aware that the language is in danger, and the community must have a will to speak the language and to plan strategies to keep it alive. The language must have a cultural identity, and it must have domains in which it is used exclusively. In order to survive, a language must be used.

20 Significantly, Marbeck (1995), a Kristang author, chose to write Kristang in a Malay-based spelling system.

21 Earlier linguistic studies of Kristang, such as Hancock (1973) and Baxter (1988), used similar systems based on the pre-1972 spelling of Bahasa Melayu, but also used a written accent' to show readers where main stress occurs in the word. XII Introduction

y [j] syllable-initial (word-initial or between vowels) yo '1', praya 'beach' [i] iska 'bait' [j]follow ing a consonant and preceding a vowel siur 'Mr, Sir' [j] syllable final bal 'to go' e [£] b£ntu 'wind' [e] p£ 'fish' a [a] !!z!! 'wing' o [:>] Qtru 'other' [0] kQlu 'lap' u [u] t!!d!!'all' [w] following a consonant and preceding a vowel k!!atu 'four' un�a 'one' [w] syllable-final ka!!zu 'cause' e [�] b!riah 'to caulk' h [h] syllable-initial hap undef indicates stress on a word-final syllable peskah 'to fish'

4 Differences between the orthography of Bahasa Melayu and the orthography used here

The reader will find minimal differences between this orthography and that of Bahasa Melayu. These are motivated by the goal of spelling Kristang words in such a way that the reader, who may or may not know the language, will know at a glance how each word is pronounced. Therefore, we have adopted the following conventions:22

The use of written accents and the letter ch (i) The letter £ is used to show where unstressed £ is pronounced as schwa (IPA [�]), as in the £ of the Bahasa Melayu word k£nah 'to strike'.

(ii) For a small number of words, we have have been obliged to adopt the accent 'A'. Thus, the word petu 'chest' (where short e is pronounced as IPA [e], somewhat like the the e of British English pear). In this way, pHu 'chest' is differentiated from the word petu 'near' (a variant of pertu) in which the e is pronounced as IPA [£], as in English bet. (iii) The letters ch (for IPA [tS] or Malay 'c') are used in order to make the language more readily accessible for those who know Portuguese or English.

Indication of stressed syllables

In order to show the reader where main stress occurs in words consisting of two or more syllables, the stressed syllable is underlined in the main entry for each word as in, for example, kumeria ''. There are very clear general rules concerning the position of main stress in the Kristang word, and these are explained in the following section.

22 Of course, whelher or not the Kristang community chases to retain these accents in the written language wi II not matter. Introduction xiii

5 General rules for the placement of stress in the Kristang word

In Kristang most polysyllablic words fall into two large classes according to the position of stress in the word. These classes follow two stress rules:

Stress Rule A. Most words which end in a vowel are stressed on the penultimate syllable, as in

kaza (= ka + za) 'house' !!Qmi (= !!Q + mi) 'name' IDU (= �+ ) 'wicked' al!QYu (= a + I!Q+ yu) 'support' kumeria (= ku + me + ri + a) 'food' !:!!a (= !:!!+ a) 'street'

Stress Rule B. Most words ending in a consonant are stressed on the final syllable,23 as in

landes (= Ian + des) 'Dutch' natal (= na + tal) 'Christmas'

Nevertheless, stress is not completely predictable in Kristang as there are certain words which are exceptions to the above two rules.

Exceptions to rule A (i) One large class of exceptions to rule A above consists of verbs which end in a stressed vowel.24 Here, the dictionary follows the practice of Bahasa Melayu: words which are pronounced as ending in a stressed final vowel will be written with a word-final un pronounced letter h, for example: kumih (IPA [ku'mi]) 'to eat'. This unpronounced h will also be used to differentiate relative stress on certain monosyllabic words, for example: kuh 'buttocks' ku 'with' (ii) Certain words ending in a vowel have main stress on a syllable prior to the penultimate syllable; for example, familia 'family', !!nimu 'valour'.

Exceptions to rule B

Certain words ending in a consonant have their main stress on a syllable prior to the final syllable. For example, Qkel 'spectacles', nobas 'news'.

23 This class also includes those words ending in unpronounced n, for example: peskah 'to fish'.

24 However, some disyllabic verbs, such as podi 'to be able', are normally stressed on the penultimate syllable. xiv Introduction

6 Sequences of vowels

When two vowels are pronounced within the same syllable, diphthongs result. In Kristang diphthongs are formed when either the vowel /iI, or the vowel lui, occurs in the same syllable as another vowel. In these cases, iii and luI are pronounced respectively as glides [y] and [w]. There are two types of diphthongs in Kristang, according to whether the vowels IiI and luI are the first or the second element in the sequence: (i) Diphthongs involving the sequence IiI or lui + other vowel. Here, the first vowel is normally pronounced as a glide. Examples:

iiI + other vowel, where IiI is pronounced as [y]:

lif + Ial piang [pyal)] 'spinning top' lif + 101 piolu ['pyolu] 'flea' lif + lui siumi ['syumi] 'j ealous'

luI + other vowel, where luI is pronounced as [w]:

lui + Ial rakuah [ra'kwa] 'to move back, to retrace one's steps' lui + duenti [,dwenti] 'ill ' lui + lif muih [mwi] 'to grind'

(ii) Diphthongs involving the sequence other vowel + Iii or lui. Here, the second vowel is normally pronounced as a glide. Examples:

Other vowel + IiI, where IiI is pronounced as [y]:

Ial + lif pai [pay] 'father' 101 + lif floi [floy] 'to whistle' lui + lif nuibu ['nuybu] 'boyfriend'

Other vowel + luI, where luI is pronounced as [w]:

Ial + lui pau [paw] 'piece of wood' leI + lui peu [pew] 'foot' lif + luI friu [friw] 'cold'

7 Words shifting stress in the clause

Many verbs (and certain other words, such as akeh, a variant of akeli 'that, the') display a tendency to shift their stress from ultimate syllable to penultimate syllable when they are followed by a stressed syllable in the next word. This is particularly so in rapid speech. Compare the stress on the verb bebeh 'to ' in the following examples (the main stresses are marked by underlining): (i) !:Ii ta bebeh §!!ra 'He is drinking toddy.' (ii) !:Ii ta bebeh na bu!!ka 'He is drinking at the shop.' Introduction xv

In example (i) the verb bebeh 'drink' is immediately followed by a primary stress in the next word, §!!ra 'toddy' and the primary stress on the verb shifts onto the penultimate syllable: bebeh. In example (ii), where the verb is not immediately followed by a primary stress, the primary stress on the verb is on the final syllable: bebeh. In this dictionary attention will not be given to stress shifting. However, the reader should bear in mind that a verb with a stressed final syllable may shift its main stress to the penultimate syllable if it is followed immediately by a main stress in the next word.

8 Words commencing with syllabic nasal consonants

The reader who is familiar with Malay will recognize some fundamental differences between Kristang and Malay in the combinations of sounds possible in the Kristang word. One obvious case is that Kristang, unlike Malay, has words which begin with syllabic nasal consonants, as for example: nggulih (= ng + gu + Iih) 'to swallow' nteh (= n + teh) 'to not have' m.I!Qdi (= m + .I!Q +di) 'cannot' n�re (= ng + �+ re) 'to not want' mbezu (= m + be + zu) 'envious' nfernu (n + fer + nu) 'hell' Moreover, in certain words, such syllabic nasal consonants may even be stressed. Thus, the word !!2ka 'no, not' consists of two syllables, ng + ka, and the syllable ng is stressed. Similarly, the word !!2ua 'a, one' consists of two syllables ng + ua, and ng is stressed. All words beginning with syllabic nasal consonants follow the standard stress rules A and B, outlined in §5 above. Thus, for example, in the above list the words nggulih and nteh follow stress rule B: they end in a consonant and therefore both have stressed final syllables. However, the other words, m.I!Qdi, n�re, mbezu, nfernu, !!2ka and ngua, all end in unstressed vowels and follow stress rule A: they all have stressed penultimate syllables.

9 The use of capital letters

Capitals have been used at the beginning of example sentences in Kristang, on placenames, nationalities, ethnicities, language names and many terms relating to the Christian religion. They have not been used on days of the week or months.

10 The use of the hyphen

The hyphen is used in reduplicated forms, such as krensa-krensa 'children ', and in compounds, such as arku-iris 'rainbow'. xvi Introduction

11 The organization of entries

In the Kristang-English section, freely occurring single-word entries (including reduplicated forms which are fe lt to be inseparable units) are defined as to grammatical category25 prior to the English translation. If the head word is of non-Portuguese origin, the etymology of the word is provided in italics, within brackets.26 After the English translation, an entry may optionally include an example containing the head word or a direct derivative expression. For example:

achar n. « Mal. , Pers. achar) , pickle. achar chili pickle made from fresh green chillies, , cucumber, carrot, and . achar mangga chutney. achar pesi pickled fi sh. adreh v.i. 1. to bum. 2. to be spicy hot.

Here, achar is defined as a noun (n.) of Malay and Persian origin, and adreh is defined as an intransitive verb (v.i.) and is of Portuguese origin. In the English-Kristang finderlist, grammatical definitions are given only where it is necessary to distinguish homonyms. For example: mean adj. korsang di feru. mean V. signifikah.

12 The organization of subentries

Many entries also contain information concerning related idiomatic and figurative expressions. This information, which does not belong to the main definitions of the head word, is listed after the main definitions, following the symbol·:·. For example:

ar n. air. See also bafu .•:. ar di sol ray of sun.

13 Words displaying variant forms

Many words in Kristang have more than one phonological form. This means, essentially, that they have more than one pronunciation. In compiling the dictionary, it was decided to list all the variants observed for each word. The principal variane7 of the word constitutes the head of the main entry and the other valiants are listed in parentheses after the principal variant, thus:

25 The grammatical categories used in this dictionary are based on those of Baxter (1988), with minor modifications.

26 The reader will find that the majority of the entries in this dictionary are of Portuguese origin. However, no attempt is made to specify their etymologies, a task well beyond the scope of the present work.

27 While, in most cases, the principal variant was chosen on the basis of apparent frequency of use, the fact is that the choice of a particular form may depend on a range of non-linguistic factors such as the age of the speaker. Thus, while this notion of main variant has a reasonably strong basis in reality, the reader must bear in mind that, in some cases, there may not be a clear consensus on which variant is dominant. Introduction xvii

abamintu (abimintu) n. 1. furniture; see also kadera meza. 2. tools. 3. implements.

In addition, the secondary variants, such as abimintu in the above entry, are also listed individually with cross-referencing to the principal variant, thus:

abimintu See abamintu.

14 The treatment of loan words

Kristang, like any language which has arisen in a context where several languages were in contact, and which continues to be spoken in this context, naturally uses words originating from other languages. Of course, the majority of words in the Kristang lexicon are of Portuguese origin, mostly from older varieties of Portuguese, but have pronunciations, grammatical functions and meanings which are peculiar to Kristang. However, there are also words of many other sources, principally Malay (Mal.), Hokkien (Hok.), Koncani (K), Dutch (D.) English (E.), and several others, such as (Ma.), Persian (Pers.), Hakka (Hak.), (H.) and Sanskrit (Sans.), which have become assimilated into the Kristang system. For example: ] Hok. chengsi 'spatula' « Hok. chien S/)28 D. susi 'elder sister' « D. soesje) E. paip 'stand pipe, tap' « E. pipe) H. baruah 'pimp' « H. barua) K chadu 'clever' « K chhad) Mal. champurah 'to mix' « Mal. campur)

In some instances these words deriving from non-Portuguese origins may constitute the only item in the dictionary capable of expressing a particular meaning, for example changkol 'hoe' « Mal. cangkol). In other cases, fo r example champurah 'to mix' « Mal. campur), they may compete with a word of Portuguese origin, in this case misturah 'to mix'. Thus, we can speak of loan words which may be more, or less, integrated into the Kristang system.29 The dictionary includes many such loan words which are likely to have been borrowed into Kristang directly, or through Portuguese as used in Asia, or through other Asian varieties of Creole Portuguese. The sources of these words of non-Portuguese origin, and the form of the possible source word or expression, will be indicated where identifiable. However, no attempt will be made to list such words in an exhaustive manner. This task is far beyond the scope and aims of the current dictionary.

28 Tones are indicated on Chinese words by means of upper-case numbers.

29 It must also be emphasized that Kristang coexists with English and Malay, and Kristang speakers also speak English and Malay. Thus, words from these two sources are constantly present in Kristang discourse, without necessarily displaying any significant degree of formal assimilation into Kristang lexicon and grammar. xviii Introduction

15 The representation of gender in certain nouns and adjectives

A small number of nouns and adjectives manifest vestigial inflections representing the gender (masculine or feminine) of their (usually human) referent. In many such cases, there is a contrast between the masculine form and the fe minine form, for example santa '(female) saint' and santu '(male) saint'. However, in certain cases, the word carrying feminine gender reference has fallen into disuse and the counterpart word no longer refers exclusively to masculine gender. In the dictionary entries, gender reference is indicated only when it is exclusive.

16 How to consult this dictionary

To locate a Kristang word or phrasal expression, the reader should seek the main entry of the word, or of each word, in the case of phrasal expressions, in the Kristang-English section. Phrasal expressions which are related to one or more of their constituent words are listed after the main entry of the word in question. Thus, for example, kai na afesang 'to take a fancy to' is sublisted after the main entry definition of afesang 'affection'. To locate the Kristang equivaJent of an English word, the reader should first consult the English-Kristang finderlist, and then verify in the Kristang-English section the specific definitions and functions of the Kristang words selected. Abbreviations

addr. term of address Mal. Malay adj. adjective masc. masculine gender adv. adverb mod. modal verb aff. affirmative n. noun arch. rare, archaic form neg. negator aux. auxiliary verb num. numeral Bot. botanical classification o rd. ordinal Can. part. particle conj. conjunction Pers. Persian D. Dutch pi. plural demo art. demonstrative article poss. possessive demo pro. demonstrative pronoun post. postposition del. determiner prep. preposition disj. disjunction pro. pronoun E. English provo proverb emph. emphatic particle q. interrogative excl. exclamation q. det. interrogative determiner exist. existential verb quant. quantifier euph. euphemism rei. pro. relative pronoun fe rn. feminine gender San. Sanskrit H. Hindi sg. singular Hak. Hakka tma. tense, mood or aspect particle Hok. Hokkien undef undefined hon. det. honorific determiner v. verb imp. imperative V.I. intransitive verb indef art. indefinite article v.t. transitive verb into interjection vulg. vulgar expression K. Konkani Zool. zoological classification lit. literally < deri ved from Ma. MaJayalam .:. subentry

xix Bibliography

Not all the works listed here are cited in this dictionary, although they were all consulted during its preparation. The bibliography will provide a useful source of information for those interested in this fascinating but endangered language.

Andaya, Barbara Watson, 1983, Melaka under the Dutch, 1641-1795. In K. S. Sandhu and P. Wheatley, eds, Melaka: the transformation of a Malay capital c.1400-1980. vol I: 195-241. : Oxford University Press. Barclay, Thomas, 1923 [1990], Supplement to dictionary of the vernacularor spoken language of Amoy. Shanghai: The Commercial Press. Reprinted by SMC Publishing, Taipei as part of Carstairs [1990]. Batalha, Graciete Nogueira, 1977 [1988], Glossario do dialecto macaense. notas lingufsticas. etnograflcase fo lcl6ricas. Macau: Instituto Cultural de Macau. Baxter, Alan Norman, 1983, Creole universals and Kristang (Malacca Creole Portuguese). Papers in Pidgin and Creole Linguistics No. 3. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.

_____ 1988, A grammar of Kristang (Malacca Creole Portuguese). Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.

_____ 1990, Some observations on verb serialization in Malacca Creole Portuguese. Boletim de Filologia (Lisboa) 31:161-184.

_____ 1996, Portuguese and Creole Portuguese in the Pacific and Western Pacific rim. In: Stephen A. Wurm, Peter Muhlhausler and DalTell T. Tryon, eds, Atlas of languages of intercultural communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas, 300- 338. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

_____ to appear, Kristang (Malacca Creole Portuguese): a long-time survivor seriously endangered. Estudios de Sociolingufstica 5(2). Bort, Balthasar 1927 [1678], Report of GovernorBalthasar Bort on Malacca 1678. Translated by M.J. Bremmer. Journalof the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 5 (1):9-232. Carstairs, Douglas, 1873 [1990], Chinese-English dictionaryof the vernacularor spoken language of Amoy. London: Trubner & Co. Reprinted by SMC Publishing, Taipei. Dalgado, Sebastiao Rodolfo, 1919 [1982], Glossario luso-asiatico. Hamburg: Helmut Buske Verlag. Echols, John and Hasan Shadily, 1970, An Indonesian-English dictionary. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

xx Bibliography xxi

1975, An English -Indonesian dictionary. New York: Cornell University Press. Figueiredo, Candido de, 1939, Diciomlrio da lfngua portuguesa. Lisboa: Bertrand. Grimes, Barbara F., ed., , vol. 1, 14th ed. Dallas: SIL International. Hancock, Ian Francis, 1969, The Malacca Creoles and their language. Afrasian 3:38-45.

____ 1970, Some Dutch-derived items in Papia Kristang. Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-, en Volkenkunde 136(3):352-356.

____ 1973, Malacca Creole Portuguese: a brief transformational account. Te Reo 16:23-44.

1975, Malacca Creole Portuguese: Asian, African or European? Anthropological Linguistics 17(5):211-236. Holm, John, 1988, Pidgins and creoles, vols 1 and 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Marbeck, Joan M., 1995, Ungua adanza - an inheritance. Melaka: Loh Printing.

____ 2004, Linggu maio Melaka: Brilliant Circle Sdn. Bhd. MacIver, Donald, 1926 [1991], A Chinese-English dictionaryof the Hakka-dialect as spoken in Kwang-Tung province. Revised and re-arranged with many additional terms and phrases by M.e. Mackenzie. Shanghai: Presbyterian Mission Press. Reprinted by SMC Publishing, Taipei. Rey, Charles, 1926 [1988], Dictionnaire chinois-franr;ais: dialecte hac-ka. Hong Kong: Imprimerie de la Societe des Missions Etrangeres. Reprinted by SMC Publishing, Taipei. Rego, Antonio da Silva, 1942, Dialecto portugues de MaLaca. Lisboa: Agencia Geral das Colonias. Resende, Barreto de, 1911[<1638], Barreto de Resende's account of Malacca. Translation by W.G. Maxwell. JournaL of the Straits Branch of the RoyaL Asiatic Society 60: 1-24. Scully, Valerie and Catherine Zuzarte, 2004, The most comprehensive Eurasian heritage dictionary. Singapore: SNP International. Silva, Antonio de Morais, 1961, Novo dicionario compacto da Ungua portuguesa. Porto: Confluencia.

Ten Bruggencate, K., 1978, Engels woordenboek: IINe derlands - Engels. Groningen: W olters-Noordh off.

Winstedt, Richard 0., 1963, An unabridged Malay-English dictionary. 5th edition. Kuala Lumpur: Marican. Yule, Henry and Arthur Coke Burnell, 1886, Hobson-Jobson. Th e Anglo-Indian dictionary. Ware: Wordsworth Editions, 1996. Baxter, A.N. and De Silva, P. A dictionary of Kristang (Malacca Creole Portuguese) English. PL-564, xxii + 151 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 2005. DOI:10.15144/PL-564.cover ©2005 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. Kristang-English dictionary

A abizu n. invitation. aboh n. grandparent. aboh banda femi abamintu (abimintu) n. 1. furniture; maternal grandparent. aboh banda see also kadera meza. 2. tools. machu paternal grandparent. aboh 3. implements. With the latter two dizaboh great-great-grandparent. meanings the reference is generally aboh dizaboh femi great-great­ collecti ve. grandmother. aboh dizaboh (aboh abana n. fan. dizaboh machu) great-great­ grandfather. aboh femi (aboh ) abanah V.t. to fan .•:. Abanah ku eli! grandmother. aboh machu (aboh pai) Beat him! Strike him! abanah aros- to grandfather. aboh tia great-aunt. aboh eat voraciously. tiu great-uncle. aboh inya grand abasah See abrasah. godmother. aboh inyu grand

abasta See basta. godfather.• :. aboh di ungua abertu (abetu) ad}. 1. open. 2. exposed, enormous, huge. Pedro ja pegah uncovered. Nang desah kumiria aboh di ungua pesi Pedro caught a abertu Don't leave food exposed. huge fish.

abertura n. arch. 1. opening. 2. gap. aboh-aboh n. made from 3. crevice. pearls, grated , Uaggery), wrapped in leaf and abetu See abertu. steamed; traditionally served after abimintu See abamintu. setting up the bridal chamber on the abizah V.t. to invite. abizah anu to Thursday prior to the wedding. verbally invite someone to a birthday abrasah (abasah) V.t. to cuddle, to party. abizah seng to invite someone embrace. to an engagement ceremony. abizah abrih V.t. 1. to open. abrih botel to open, batizmu to invite someone to a uncork a bottle. 2. to undo, to baptism party. abizah pregang unfasten. abrih butang to unfasten a tradition of informing relatives on the button. 3. to break open, cut open, impending pronouncement of the first prise open. 4. to unlock. 5. to bloom and last ban of marriage by the parish (of flowers, plants). 6. to lay out, to church. abizah noiba tradition spread. abrih panu di meza to lay out whereby relatives, godparents, a tablecloth. 7. to inaugurate, to kumpadri, kumadri, marah kronchi initiate, to set up, to start. abrih femi, cooks and helpers are verbally merkansia to start a business. abrih invited to participate in a wedding. konta to initiate an account. .:. abrih abizah motri tradition whereby the apetitu to sharpen the appetite. abrih community is informed of the death of boka to speak (vulg.). abrih boka di one of its members. 1

Baxter, A.N. and De Silva, P. A dictionary of Kristang (Malacca Creole Portuguese) English. PL-564, xxii + 151 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 2005. DOI:10.15144/PL-564.1 ©2005 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. 2 Kristang-English dictionary

sonu to yawn. abrih bontadi to pankada He got a beating. achah sharpen the appetite. abrih buraku to ungua biramintu to suffer a fainting borrow money, to incur a loan. abrih spell, to faint. kambra to enlargen a room. abrih achar n. « Mal. acar, Pers. achiir) kaminyu to clear a road, path or way. chutney, pickle. achar chili pickle abrih korsang to unburden oneself. made from fresh green chillies, abrih olu to be alert, to observe, to shallots, cucumber, carrot, garlic and pay attention, to watch out. Abrih olu spices. achar mangga mango ki sorti fazeh isti angkoza Observe chutney. achar pesi pickled fi sh. how this is done. Bos abrih olu ku ad ansa See ardansa. keng ta fazeh kambradu! watch out who you befriend! abrih mang to adeus into goodbye. beg. abrih presu to gi ve a price. �di n. duck. Java duck. adi manila abrih sigredu to divulge a secret. variety of large white duck. abrih sintidu to think, to reflect. adoi excl. ouch ! abrih ubida to listen, to take note. ado,mdu ad}. arch. adorable. abuadu ad}. mischievous, badly behaved. Eli bong bong abuadu ungua krensa adorah V.t. to adore, to worship. He is a very mischievous child. adorasang n. adoration, worship. adorasang di Kruz worship of the abuah v.i. to fly.• :. Yo sa doi di lachi ja abuah money disappeared from Holy Cross. the drawer. Juang ngka fikah mas ku adransa See ardansa. nus, eli ja podi abuah agora Juang adreh (ardeh) v. i. 1. to bum. 2. to be doesn't live with us anymore, he is spicy hot. independent now. Maniku podi adukasang n. 1. education. 2. good abuah agora Maniku is well-off now. podi abuah, podi lebah abuah upbringing. extremely well. Eli tokah gitara podi afesang n. affection. Jeroni teng afesang abuah He plays the guitar extremely ku yo sa susi Jeroni feels affection for well. my older sister.• :. kai na afesang to take a fancy to. Premiru bes yo ja abu,mdu adj. arch. stricken; only used olah ku eli, yo ja kai na afesang The with di febri. Yo sa irmang aburadu first time I saw her, I took a fancy to di febri My brother is stricken with her. fe ver. afiang n. arch. opium. achah V.t. 1. to find. Yo ngka achah ku eli I did not find him. achah sabeh to afomah (aformah) V.t. arch. to match. find out, to discover. Yo ja achah bos mpodi afomah ku eli na kantah sabeh keng ja furtah akeh redi I You can't match him in singing. discovered who stole that fi shing net. aformah See afomah. 2. to catch (restricted to fishing). Ja aforsah (forsah) V.t. 1. to force, to achah angkoza? Did you catch compel. Yo ja aforsah yo sa maridu anything? 3. to receive. Eli sa pai ja atindeh I forced my husband to achah doi His father received money. attend. 2. to insist. Mas ki yo ja 4. to obtain. Trabalu kereh achah fo rsah ku yo sa maridu atindeh mpustah It's difficult to obtain a loan. akeli kazamintu, mas eli ngka bai 5. to get, to suffer. Eli ja achah Kristang-English dictionary 3

Although I insisted that my husband which occur around the date of the attend that wedding, he didn't attend. Feast of St. (3rd of afotu adj. bold, forward. December), occasionally flooding the foreshore. agu grandi high tide. (agu) afrontah V.t. arch. 1. to challenge, to inchenti incoming tide. Kiora ago confront. Pedro ja bai afrontah ku inchenti mpodi bai langgiang When Vicente, mas eli nggeh brigah Pedro there is an incoming tide one cannot confronted Vicente, but he didn't want go langgiang fishing. agu kininu low to fight. 2. to match up with. Bos tide. agu seku completely ebbed tide. mpodi afrontah ku eli na chadisa .:. agu di rostu face, honour, self­ You can't match him in intelligence. respect. Nang fazeh kai agu di rostu afugah See fugah. di pai mail Don't make your parents ago�su (algu�su) adv. lose self respect! nteh agu na boka to 1. immediately, right now. Beng be dumbfounded. agomesu! Come right now ! 2. now aguada (aguadu) ad}. 1. watery, tasting still. Agomesu bos sa pai logu of water. Isti kanji aguada This chegah Your father will still arrive is watery. 2. weak. See also now. agurestu. 3. fluid, not dense (of a aJmraadv. 1. now, at the present time or liquid). moment. Agora Maria teng na kaza aguadu See aguada. Now Maria is at home. 2. in the time aJllidu ad}. 1. sharp. 2. pointed. 3. accute, directly following the present moment, keen, sensitive. Eli sa ubida agudu immediately. Beng nus bai agora She has a keen sense of hearing. Let's go (right) now. 3. Nowadays, .:. Iinggu agudu a sharp tongue. these days. Angkoza karu agora Things are expensive nowadays. aguentah (guentah) V.t. 1. to bear, to endure, to resist, to tolerate, to a� August. n. arch. withstand. Kondi podi aguentah agrabah V.t. to annoy, to disturb. ampeh Kondi can withstand the sting Damian gostah agrabah ku eli sa of the jellyfi sh. 2. to hold on to. Bong irmang Damian likes to annoy his yo ja aguentah ku eli, ngka eli ja kai younger brother. Luckily I held on to him, otherwise he !!gu n. 1. water. agu bensen (agu di would have fallen. 3. to prevent, to benten) (agu bensa) (agu benta) stop. Yo ja aguentah ku eli brigah I Holy water. agu di sal saline solution. prevented him from fighting. Nang agu di chua rain-water. agu di gor aguentah ku eli! Don't stop him! 4. to barley water. agu di posu well water. support. Akeh steu ta aguentah casa agu di serenu dew. agu dosi fresh The pillar is supporting the house. water. agu salgadu salt water. agu aJllila (argyla) n. 1. needle. 2. hand of a salobra brackish water. 2. liquid. agu clock, pointer. di babu, agu di boka saliva. agu agun;staSee agurestu. cherozu (agu di cherozu) perfume (See also esen). agu di mizu urine agurestu (agun;sta) adj. watery, weak. (See also mizu). agu di sabang soap Isti cha agurestu This is weak. suds. 3. condensation. agu di serenu ah! excl. oh ! Ah lah Oh my! Expression dew. 4. tide. agu bazanti outgoing of dismay. tide. agu di San Fransisku high tides a.i.!!da See aj udu. 4 Kristang-English dictionary ajudah See judah. susedeh ku eli We can be glad nothing happened to him. ajudamintu 11. aid, assistance, help, support. akgri ad}. l. cheery, happy, joyful, merry. 2. glad, pleased. aj udasang n. aid, assistance, help, support. alelllia n. 1. cheer, happiness, joy, merriment. 2. enjoyment. 3. gladness. al!!du (al!!da) 11. aid, assistance, help, support. alfada n. pillow .•:. ungua alfada di arch. a loaf of . akeh See akeli. alfanti n. elephant. akeli (akeh) demo art. 1. that. 2. that yonder. alfiniti n. pin. akih See nakih. algQzu undef only used in the expression bida di algozu idler, loafer's akompanyah See kompanyah. existence. Eli bida di algozu. Eli aksang n. « E. action) 1. action, ngka fazeh sibrisu, ta dipendeh di behaviour. Eli sa aksang di kere eli sa familia He is an idler. He never brigah He behaves as if he wants to works, he depends on his family. fight. 2. gesture. algudang n. cotton. alabangka (Iabangka) 11. crowbar. algumesu See agomesu. alah See nalah. aliada 11. l. festivity, party. albi 1. tree. rosewood tree n. albi ansana 2. celebration, function, social [Bot. Pterocarpus illdicus]. albi gathering. mangga mango tree [Bot. Mangife ra sp.] . 2. palm. albi koku coconut palm alih See nalih [Bot. Cocos sp.]. 3. plant, shrub. albi alkan§!!du 11. benefit, gain, profit. Nteh florisFloweri ng plant. .:. albi grandi, alkansadu fazeh isti ramedi There is fruta keninu a big, but stupid, person. no benefit in this work. 1 alebadu ad}. puzzled. Aloy ja fikah alkansah v.t. l. to achieve, to attain. alebadu kai isti pastu ja sai di gaiola Jenti Kristang trabalu alkansah Aloy was puzzled how the bird got out rikeza It is difficult for Kristang of the cage. people to attain wealth. 2. to benefit, alebah v.t. 1. to treat. Anna alebah bong to gain. Astantu ki yo ja judah ku ku sa sogra-sogru Anna treats her eli, mas nada ngka alkansah I helped parents-in-law well. 2. to entertain. him so much, yet I benefited nothing Rozil chadu alebah jenti na eli sa from it. .:. Bos buskah, bos alkansah aliada Rozil entertained people well at provo You get what you deserve. 2 her party. alkansah v.i. to profit. Isti merkansia alegrah v. i. to be happy, to become mpodi alkansah This business cannot happy. Eli ja alegrah kauzu sa fila ja profit. achah sibrisu He was happy because alkubitera n. fern. procuress his daughter got ajob. 2. to enjoy alkubiteru n. masc. bawd, procurer. oneself. Yo sa kanyong gostah alkunya n. family name, surname. alegrah My eldest bother likes to enjoy himself. 3. to be glad, to be !!Iman. soul, spirit. .:. alma disperadu pleased. Nus podi alegrah nada ngka ghost. Kristang-English dictionary 5

al!lli!ri n. 1. cupboard. 2. wardrobe. ambila 11. dish usually prepared aloleng n. « Hok. leni tsul) Chinese with slices of dried stingray, brinjal, lantern. long beans or gourd; other meats may be substituted for stingray. !!Isu undef Used only in di alsu for free. Eli ta buskah bebeh di alsu He is Amen into Amen. trying to get a free drink. Amerikanu n. American. al!ru:n. altar. amiang adv. tomorrow. amiang anoti l alteza adj. l. haughty, proud, with airs. tomorrow night. amiang otru dia the Eli sa jenti alteza She is a proud type day after tomorrow. sa amiang or of person. 2. boastful. 3. conceited. amiang pamiang the next morning 4. highness, loftiness. amiang pamiang, ampamiang 2 tomorrow morning.• :. amiang­ alteza adv. 1. boastfully. 2. conceitedly, amiang in future, some time in the in the manner of a know-all. future. 3 alteza n. 1. height. 2. conceit. amiang pamiang See amiang, pamiang. l altu adj. 1. high. 2. tall, lofty, lanky. amiga n. 1. mistress. See also dama. 3. loud. 4. errunent.j enti altu an 2. female friend. eminent person. 5. elated .•:. altu basu ad). undulating, uneven. amigu n. 1. (male) lover. gadrah amigu to keep a (male) lover. 2. arch. male altu2 adv. loudly. 2. exaggeratedly, in l. friend. exaggerated terms. papiah altu to talk big. amimah v.t. arch. to pamper. Nus nang amimah ku krensa krensa Let us not altura n. 1. height. 2. direction. Na ki pamper children. altura bos ta bai? In which direction are you going? 3. bearing. Peskador amis 11. « Mal. hamis) fishy smell. mistih sabeh olah altura Fishermen ami�di 11. friendship .•:. friendly must know how to find their bearings. disposition towards. Yo nteh amizadi !!Iun. garlic. bai sa kaza I don't fancy the idea of going to his house. alua n. enjoyment. a!!!Qku 11. « Mal. amok) noise. aluh v.t. « Mal. halau) to drive away. amor (amur) 11. love. Eli teng amor ku !!ma n. « Mal. ama) a type of fleafound yo He is in love with me. teng may be in poultry. omitted in this structure: Eli amor ku amah n. maid, servant. yo He is in love with me. amaniora See maniora. amo!Qzu See amurozu. ama!!!zu See amurozu. a!!!Qstra 11. 1. sample, specimen. amastimah v.t. to take good care of. 2. model, pattern. fazeh amostra Astantu nus ja amastimah ku eli, make a model. .:. tomah amostra to ngka acah sa bondadi We took such take a measurement. good care of him but received no ampamiang See amiang, pamiang. gratitude. ampas 11. « Mal. hampas) dregs of n. « Mal. hamba) 1. servant. coconut. 2. slave. ampeh 11. « Mal. ampai) jellyfish. a!!!!!!:See amor. 6 Kristang-English dictionary

1 amu!Qzu (amarozu, amo!Qzu) adj. in ngka kazah He behaves as if he love. kai amurozu fall in love. wasn't married. 3. way of walking. 2 amu!Qzu (amarozu, amo!Qzu) n. love, Akeh andasang di Maria That is loved one. Maria yo sa amurozu Maria's way of walking. Maria is my love. andor n. « Mal. andoh) bier, litter, anambes See anumbes. wooden framework used for carrying statues during processions. !!!!da adv. approximately. Anda kuatu sentu pesua teng na akeh kazamintu andurinyu n. swallow. [Zoo!. Hirundo Approximately four hundred people tahitica abotti and Hirundo rustica were at the wedding. gutturalis ]. a!!£. ring. anela di kazamintu andada 1 adv. arch. amongst, considering. Andada di tudu, Ninu ki wedding ring .•:. tukah anela to bong mbes Of all, Ninu is the best. exchange rings, to become engaged. 2 andada n. doing. Isti andada di eli This ang!fQza n. 1. thing. 2. anything. is his doing. •: . angkoza di kaza household goods. angkoza suzu evil spirit. andadura n. arch. 1. gait. 2. behaviour. angkradu adj. anchored .•:. Kabah andah v.i. to walk. Used in serial with misa, Antoni ja fikah angkradu na bai 'go' or beng 'come' according to Bel sa butika Aftermass, Antoni got the direction of the action. andah bai stuck at Bel's shop. to walk to a place away from the point of reference. Eli ja andah bai kaza angkrah V.t. 1. to anchor. 2. to take He walked home (i .e. away from the refuge .•: . Kada dia Antoni 10 point of reference of the speaker). angkrah na Patrick sa kaza Every andah beng to walk from a place to day Antoni will make an imposing the point of reference of the speaker. visit to Patrick's house. Eli ja andah beng kaza He walked angkru n. anchor. home (i.e. 'home' is the speaker's animal n. 1. animal, beast. 2. brute. point of reference) .•:. andah-andah l �nimu adj. brave, courageous, daring. to ramble, to stroll. andah rudiah to Eli bomong animu ungua omi He is walk around, roam about. andah bai a really courageous man. andah beng to walk to and fro. andah • 2 chuma noiba to walk slowly. �D1mu n. courage, valour. andah peu to go on foot. !!!!iu n. angel. anju di guarda Guardian andamintu 11. 1. attitude. Kantu nus Angel. sigih eli sa andamintu, ku tudu logu anona n. apple. anona aria [Bot. fikah inimigu If we follow his Annona squamosa]. anona ata [Bot. attitude, we will become enemies with Annona reticula). anona spinyu [Bot everyone. 2. plan. Yo sa maridu ja Annona squamosa]. fazeh isti andamintu My husband a!!Qti See anuti. made this plan. 3. Doing. Isti andamintu di Antoni It is Antoni's ansana See albi ansana. doing. !!!!sia n. anxiety. ansia di mureh (ansia andasang n. 1. intentions. Eli sa di morti) death anxiety. andasang mal He has bad intentions. ansiadadi n. 1. anxiety. 2. fear. 2. behaviour. Eli sa andasang chuma 3. apprehension. Kristang-English dictiollary 7

ansiadu adj. 1. afraid. 2. anxious. apanyah v.t. to catch, get, or receive anti See antis. something unfavourable or unpleasant. apanyah chua to get caught in the an!igu adj. ancient, old .•:. tempu antigu rain. apanyah pankada to get a in the old days (see also primiru). beating. Yo sa irmang ja apanya antiming adv. arch. before. febri My brother caught a fever. antimintu adv. arch. before. Antimintu apal!Q!tuad j. modem, trendy, up to date. bos bai, fazeh kabah bos sa sibrisu Eli sa kaza apapoitu His house is Before you leave, complete your modem. work .•:. Di antimintu yo sabeh ki ape!!tu 11. l. appetite. Muleh prenya logu susedeh From the beginning I teng bong apetitu Pregnant women knew what would happen. have good appetites. 2. desire, will. Yo ill!tis Cill!ti) adv. before, prior to. nteh apetitu kereh bai mar mas antis di COllj. before. Antis di eli bai, I have no desire to go fi shing any pidih ku eli! Before he goes, ask him! more.

!lnun. 1. year. anu nubu New Year. alli!Yu n. support. Bong anu nubu! Happy New Year! al!Qsta See apostu. anu pasadu last year. anu truzadu apostah (apustah) v. t. to bet, to wager. year before last. otru anu next year. 2. birthday. Ozndia eli sa anu Today al!Qstolu n. arch. apostle. is his birthday. 3. age. Di ki anu bos al!Qstu (al!Qsta) n. bet, wager. ja fazeh sibrisu? From what age did apustah See apostah. you start work? ar 11. air. See also bafu .•:. ar di sol ray anumbes (anambes) adv. maybe, of sun. perhaps, possibly; used in conjunction ardansa (adransa) (adansa) 11. with 10 / logu. Anumbes 10 kai chua 1. savings. 2. wealth. 3. inheritance. Perhaps it will rain. ardeh See adreh. anumkoza adv. arch. maybe, perhaps, possibly. ardidu adj. burnt(by the sun). anuti 11. night. onti anuti last night. ozi areka n. areca nut, betel nut [Bot. Areca anuti tonight. amiang anuti catechu]. .:. areka kotrah dos the tomorrow night. anuti di dia night spitting image, look-alike. Bos sa and day. Yo sa pai bai mar anuti di irmang areka kotrah dos di bos sa dia My father goes fishing night and pai Your brother is the spitting image day. of your father. anyutu adj. « Mal. hanyut) adrift. aren.i!!h v.t. 1. to arrange, organize. Beng Maniku sa prau ja bai anyutu nus arenjah ungua branyu! Let us Maniku's boat went adrift. organize a branyu! 2. to tidy, to put in order. Pertu Natal tudu jenti ta an�la n. hook .•:. tokah anzola to get arenjah kaza Just before Christmas hooked, to get caught. Biziah everyone tidies up their house. kuidadu bos nang tokah anzola Be careful lest you get caught. arenjamintu 11. arrangement, organization. Tudu arenjamintu di apal!!du See pagadu. kazamintu ja lesti All arrangements for the wedding have been completed. 8 Kristang-English dictionary arenti-parenti n. family and relatives; aroegah See negah.

expression used only in the wedding aros n. rice .•:. aros krua acne. chuma speech of the kumpadri. aros seng sal without humour. teng argQla n. 1. rowlock. 2. mooring ring on aros brangku to have it easy. Eli sa boat. 3. loop. filu teng aros brangku agora ta fai argyla See agula. sibrisu chuma skribang Her son has got it easy now that he is working as a n. earring. arguUnya clerk! nteh aros hopeless. Ja kumih aria n. sand .•:. Nang botah aria na aros? (lit. Have you eaten?) a greating jenti sa panela di aros provo Don't used between late morningand mid­ make a person lose their livelihood afternoon. (lit. Don't put sand into a person's rice ar!!!pal See atapal. pot.) t arti See atri. ari!du adj. hurried, rushed. Nang fazeh ariadu ku yo! Don't make me hurry! artifisiu(atifi siu) adj. « E. artificial) artificial. Isti florisnu ngka bida. Eli ari!du2 adv. hurriedly, in a hurry. Eli artifisiu This flower is not real. It is ariadu ja bai He left in a hurry. artificial. ariah v.i. to follow the current. artodadi See artudadi. !ris 11. « Mal. aris) buoyant type of rope artudadi (artodadi) n. authority. made from Manila hemp. aruega h v.I. arch. to express admiration !.[ku 11. arc, arch. (with respect to a child) which may, arku-iris n. arch. rainbow. according to superstition, cause harm armadera n. /em. female instigator, to the object of admiration. female troublemaker. Nang ubih aruda n. aruda plant [Bot. Ruta Milly sa stori. Eli ungua armadera. graveoleus]. Don't you listen to Milly. She is an as n. ace (in card game). instigator. asadu adj. baked. armador n. masc. male instigator, male troublemaker. Akeli belu ungua asah V.t. 1. to bake. asah bolu to bake a grandi armador That old man is a big cake. 2. to roast. asah kandri to roast troublemaker. meat. 3. to toast. asah pang to toast bread. See also torah. armadu adj. threatening; only used in tempu armadu. asedeh (sedeh) V.t. 1. to consent to. t Maria ja asedeh eli sa fila kazah ku armah V.t. to incite, to instigate. Akeli Pedro Maria consented to her belu gostah armah jenti That old daughter marrying Pedro. 2. to agree man likes to incite others. with, to concur. Yo asedeh ki eli ta 2 armah V. i. to arm oneself. falah I agree with what he says. 3. to armamintu n. incitement, instigation. accede, to agree to. Kaba tres bes eli chomah bai sa kaza nubu yo ja !.[mas11. 1. weapon. 2. weaponry. asedeh bai After he made me three n. instigation. armasang 1. Nang ubih invitations to go to his house I fi nally armasang di muleh Don't listen to a agreed to go.• :. Asedeh? Agreed? wife's instigations. 2. troublemaker. a�ti adv. 1. purposely. Yo asenti ja arne!du adj. arch. badly brought up. pidih ki ja susedeh I purposely asked Kristang-English dictionary 9

what happened. See also fazeh asenti. astah adv. here it is. Yo lembrah 10 2. in a pretend manner. Yo asenti ta beng chua, astah! I thought rain drumih I pretended to be asleep. would come and here it is! asentidera n. fe m. female joker, female astantu adv. so much. accomplice in a practical joke. astrang n. force .•:. papia ku astrang to asentidor n. masc. male joker, male speak strongly. fai sibrisu ku astrang accomplice in a practical joke. to work hard. a�tu ad}. 1. neat, tidy. 2. clean. A�ta n. Assumption: festa di Asunta 3. decent, modest, proper. Eli bisti Assumption feast. Greza Asunta ngka asentu Her dressing is improper. Assumption Chapel in Praya Lane,

a�nu n. sign, signal. Maria ta fazeh Banda Hilir, Malacca. asenu ku bos Maria is making a sign atadi adv. afternoon: ozi atadi this to you. afternoon. amiang atadi tomorrow asih adv. 1. as, thus, so. asih ki teng so it afternoon. seems. asih mesu like so. asih saja as atakah (atrakah) V.t. to attack. soon as. Asih yo ja beng saja eli ja .:. atakah febri to get a fever. sai As soon as I came, he left. Asih na a!rulal (ar!rulal)n. « D. aardappel) tera kuma na seu On Earth as in . Heaven. 2. as well as. Eli asih yo logu ateh See ati. bai He, as well as I, will go to Muar. ateu n. atheist. asi!!ya(se!!ya) adv. 1. as if. Asilaia bos Bti (ateh) prep. 1. until; may occur with ngka sabeh! As if you don't know! ki when introducing a clause: ati ki 2. so, so much. Asilaya bordu bos until. 2. while, as long as. Pidih ku eli mpodi andah It is so near, yet you ati eli teng nakih Ask him while he is cannot walk. here. 3. to, up to, as far as. Di Melaka 1 ati Kuala Lumpur teng noventa asinadu n. 1. signature. 2. consent. dah pedra From Malacca to Kuala asinadu to agree, to consent. 2 Lumpur is ninety miles. Nus ja bai asinadu ad}. signed. peskah ati Indonesia We went asinah V.t. to sign. fishing as far as Indonesia. asistih (sis!!h) V.t. to attend, to be ati!isiu See artifisiu. present. Yo ja asistih ati kabah atimintu con}. 1. and, as well as. Maria I attended until the end. atimintu Filomena logu chegah as.!!£ra n. nuisance. Joana kada dia Maria and Filomena will arrive. beng na yo sa kaza. Fika ungua 2. arch. as long as. Atimintu yo teng asnera Joana comes to my house bida bos mpodi kazah! As long as I every day. She is becoming a live you may not marry! nuisance. atindeh v. i. 1. to attend. Yo ja atindeh asoitah See soitah. nake kazamintu I attended that !!Wa ad}. sore (of throat). Yo ja kumih wedding. 2. to assist at a function. tantu nanas, garganta ja aspa I have 3. to entertain a guest. eaten so much that my atordadi n. authority. throat is sore. atorizah V.t. to authorize, to permit. 10 Kristang-English dictionary

atorizasang 11. arch. authorization, the same generation, when addressing permission. a young adolescent male or teenage male. 2. respectful term of address for atrakah See atakah. elder brother. 3. I, self-reference by atrebidu adj. audacious, bold, insolent. the male singer of a matah kantiga. See also trubada. baba See b!. atrevesadu (trevesadu) adj. arch. n. beard, whiskers. squint-eyed. babra (barba) 1. l 2. moustache. !tri

A ve Maria 11. hail Mary prayer, Angelus. bafadu adj. steamed. pesi bafadu steamed fish .•:. subih bafadu 1. to !za 11. 1. wing. 2. fin; also aza di pesi. become breathless. 2. to have an azbiru n. « Mal. haru biru) asthma attack. 1. confusion. 2. fuss. fazeh ngua bafah v.i. & v.t. 1. to steam. 2. to choke azbiru to make a fuss .•:. Di ki azbiru with anger bos ja beng? Where in the hell did you come from? bafamintu n. rage, state of seething. azedu adj. sour. bafau n. asthma. az.£ti 11. 1. oil. azeti gas kerosene. azeti bafu n. 1. breath. bafu di bentu breath of koku coconut oil. azeti pau caulking­ wind, breeze. pusah bafu to breathe. tar made from tree sap. azeti di pesi tomah bafu to get one's breath. 2. air. fi sh oil. 2. fat, . azeti porku pork 3. steam.• :. bafu kumpridu long­ lard. winded (said of someone who talks a lot). azetiadu adj. oily, covered with oil. bagah (ba2!rlad j. slow .•:. Eli bagah azinyah v.i. to walk huniedly. Angela ta He is slow (in comprehending or azinyah pra kaza Angela is walking learning). huniedly to her house. 2 bagah (baw adv. 1. slowly. Remah azul adj. blue. bagah! Row slowly! 2. quietly, softly. azuladu adj. arch. bluish. papiah bagah to speak softly. 3 bagah v.t. 1. to slow. bagah remah Slow down the rowing. 2. to slow something down, to hold something B back. ba (!!!ba) pro. 1. lad; term of address ba2!rSee bag!h. used by member of previous generation, or by an older member of Kristang-English dictiol1ary 11

bagareza adj. slow in comprehending or baldi (h!1i) 11. bucket. baldi di prau learning. bailing bucket.

h!!gri 11. soldier catfish [Zool. baldiah (bali!!h) v. i. & v. t. 1. to bathe. Osteogeneiosus militaris] also known 2. to bail. baldiah ago di prau to bail as bagri sapatu. out water from a boat.

!!!!gu n. « Mal. bagu) grain (of cereal). baleh v.i. & v.t. 1. to be worth, to be of ungua bagu di aros a grain of rice. use. Ngka baleh It is worthless. Eli bai v.i. to go. bai ariah to go courting. ngka baleh He is useless. Ki baleh? bai beng to come and go. bai di bultu What is it worth? Zabel baleh to go for good. bai hap to agree, to be drumih seja Zabel is only good at compatible. bai kaza to go home. Bai sleeping. 2. to be dependable. Yo sa pa rayu! Get lost! bai pas to get along filabaleh My daughter is dependable. with. bai pasturinyu to go bird baleu n. 1. workbench. 2. a timber hunting. bai pontah to go hunting platform attached to part of a house. with a gun. bali See baldi. bairu 11. hamlet, village, cluster of balia n. arch. value; used in lyrics of houses. traditional songs, as in the expression baisikal n. « E. bicycle) bicycle. diamanti ku balia valuable diamond.

baka 11. bovine. baka femi cow. baka baliah See baldi!!h.

machu bull. kandri di baka beef. baliza n. location, place (remote, bakah n. « Mal. baka) 1. breed, stock. unknown place), landmark. Di ki Isti kachoru bakah bong This dog is baliza bos ja beng? Wherever did you

of a good breed. 2. lineage. come from? .:. baliza barku pasah bakuah v.i. & v.t. 1. to squeeze in; often horizon, shipping lane; see also peu di used as v.t. with korpu. Eli ja bakuah seu. (korpu) He squeezed in. 2. to sneak balor n. value, worth. Isti teng balor out, to squeeze out, to walk out This is useful. Nteh balor It is unnoticed. Yo ja sintih akeh aliada worthless .•:. ngka balor pointless. nteh sabor, ja bakuah korpu I felt balu n. dance. the party was rather dull so I walked bambu n. bamboo. out unnoticed.• :. Judah bakuah korpu! Please make space! banda 11. 1. place, spatial area. ki banda? where, which place? banda tras bala 11. 1. beam. 2. pillar. .:. lantah bala behind, at the back of. (See also pa to be burdened. tras, para tras). banda dianti in front balah v.i. & v.t. to dance. of, in front, at the front. 2. side. balansa (balansu) 11. 1. balance, banda dretu (on the) right side. remainder. Sa balansa eli ngka pagah banda pai on my father's side of the He didn't pay the balance. 2. scales. family. 3. neighbourhood: Banda balansah v.i. 1. to balance. Bos balansah Kanu a Kristang residential area bong bong, nang kai! Watch your situated between the Portuguese balance. Don't fall! 2. to weigh with a Settlement and Praya Lane on the old balance. seafront. Banda Praya the Kristang residential area of Praya Lane. balansu See bal!!nsa. bandala n. arch. satchel. 12 Kristang-English dictionary

bandera 11. banner, flag .•:. Yo sa filu ja becoming distraught thinking about lantah yo sa bandera My son did me what to do with my son.

proud. bar!ga n. stomach .•:. kargah bariga to bandeza n. platter, tray. go to bed hungry. bariga fomi hungry. bandu See banu. Bos bariga fomi? Are you hungry? bariga friu said of a person who has bangku n. 1. bench seat, stool. bangku escaped a mishap. bariga di peu calf mast step. di mastu bangku di greza of the leg. bariga di stori person who pew. 2. cutting board. bangku di likes to talk a lot, long-winded. tezah pang bread board. bangku di kortah bariga to economize. pesi bench or board for cutting up fi sh. bari� n. person with fat stomach, a ban� n. « Mal. bangsal) big-bellied or paunchy person. I. fi sherman's shelter consisting of posts, roof and partial walls, often of barku n. ship.• :. barku abuah n. wood and atap palm construction. aeroplane. chuma barku nteh prua 2. shelter constructed especially for a without direction. wedding dinner. barm! n. « Mal. baroa, H. barua) 1. pimp, procurer. 2. idler. banu n. announcement, ban .•:. dali banu to announce. ba!Qti n. 1. piece of sawn timber, board, banyan n. arch. type of two-buttoned plank. 2. beam, rafter. loose collarless shirt with a single ba!:!!sa See brusa. pocket, formerly worn by Kristang barzing n. paddy field. men. basah V.t. 1. to lower. Eli ja basah baptizmu See batizmu. kabesa kiora ja olah ku yo He bara n. 1. harbour, port. 2. channel; used lowered his head when he saw me. with this meaning in traditional songs: 2. to demean, to humble. 3. to debase.

Sampan chegah na bara, barku .:. basah olu to avert one's gaze. grandi keh partih The sampan ba�u n. plate (for eating). reaches the channel, the ship is about basora n. broom. basora ikel broom to leave. made with part of coconut frond. banmda n. verandah. See also surami. basora nili broom made from paddy ba.mta n. cockroach. stalks. bara�zal adj. quite cheap. basoriah V.t. arch. to strike with a 2 barateza n. cheapness. broom. adv. ba.mtu adj. cheap .•:. Kozi di baratu basta (a basta) enough! Basta ku bos! You cheapskate! brigah bolotu dos! Enough of fi ghting the two of you! barba See babra. bastadu See irmang bastadu. bareh V.t. to sweep .•:. Cheu bos ja · bareh You really cleaned up (for basu adj. low .•:. kaza basu single­ example, ate, drank, or won) a lot. storey house. 2 bari�du adj. distraught, worried. Yo ta basu adv. beneath, below, underneath; fikahkabesa bariadu ta lembrah ki also di basu .•:. basu di olu within ke fazeh ku yo sa filu machu I am one's sight. Basu di olu yo mpodi Kristang-El1g1ish dictionary 13

olah ku eli I can't stand the sight of bauduh n. 1. fool. 2. henpecked husband.

him. baza 11. card of nine, other than the trump 3 basu n. underside .•:. basu di mang card in the trumps game known as 1. subordinate staff. 2. underhand. jogu manila. bringkah baza the same 3. contraband. basu pa riba upside card game as jogu manila or down, topsy-turvy. fazeh basu pa bringkah manila.• :. ngka fazeh riba to make a mess. baza it isn't enough. batata 11. . batata roisu bazah V.t. to pour. purple sweet potato. ba!!!!ti See agu bazanti bateh V.t. 1. to knead. 2. to beat, to flap. ba!!!:n. market. Akeh galu ta bateh aza That rooster bazidu ad}. arch. empty. is flapping its wings. 3. to strike. See also dali. 4. to drop. bateh metadi bebdu ad}. 1. tipsy, slightly inebriated. bela to partially drop or half-reef the 2. giddy. mainsail. Yo sa netu ja bateh doi di bebedor n. drinker, one who komprah leti My grandson dropped alcoholic beverages habitually or in (and lost) the money.• :. bateh excess. boka to eat. bateh folgu to inform on bebeh v.t. to drink. someone. bateh kabesa to concentrate on, to study, to take pains over. Ki beberang n. drunkard, toper. nadi John fikah chadu? Kada anuti bebemza n. alcoholic drink. ta bateh kabesa na buku Who says bedi See bedri. John won't be clever? Every night he bedri (Mdi,berdi) adj. 1. green. is concentrating on his books. bateh 2. unripe. immature (person). potra di jirisang to depend on 3. relatives. begQnya See bergonya. batemintu (batimintu) n. care, concern. bela n. 1. old woman. 2. sail. bela tomah batemintu to take pains, to machadu gaff-rigged mainsail. bela concern oneself, to care about. Nang kapa, bela kapangjib-sail ; see also tomah batemintu riba di eli Don 't rabu di galu. concern yourself with him. Eli ngka be!!:za 11. arch. beauty. tomah batemintu riba di eli sa beliaku n. lecherous old man. familia He doesn't take care of his family. belianti n. precious stone. · baydu ad}. I. incapacitated. batidu na belu 11. old man. 2 kama bedridden. 2. kneaded. 3. beaten belu ad}. 1. old. 2. used, second-hand. (eggs). bemfeta ad}. le m. 1. beautiful. bemfeta batimintu See batemintu. podi abuah as pretty as can be. Eli bati!!du adj. baptized. bemfeta chuma ja pintah She is as pretty as a picture. 2. charming. See batizah V.t. to baptize, to christen. also asentu, neches. batizmu n. baptism, christening. bemfetu ad}. masc. handsome. 3 bauchi n. arch. « Hok. phau ) wedding bendedor n. hawker, seller. shawl formerly wornat traditional Kristang weddings. bendeh v.I. to sell. .:. to betray for gain. 14 Kristang-English dictionary bendi n. « Mal. bendi) okra bean [Bot. bera quant. restricted to the expression Hibiscus esculentius] bera sorti all sorts of, various kinds 1 beng v. i. to come. beng tona to come of. See also nasang, and nasang­ nasang. again, to return.• :. beng oras sometimes. berah v. i. arch. to scream. 2 beng unde! Occurs in the rare berdadi n. truth. admonishing expression di beng di berdi See bedri. very. Bos di beng di rayu! You are l ber,2Qnya(be,2Qnya) n. 1. shame. fikah very naughty! mposta di bergonya to be greatly Ben�1i n. Sikh. embarrassed. nteh bergonya ben ita adj. arch. 1. good-humoured. shameless. 2. genitalia (female or 2. good-natured. male). 2 bensa See bensen. bergQnya(begQnya) adj. 1. ashamed. fazeh bergonya to shame, to bring bensen (bensa) 1l. blessing .•:. agu ben sen Holy water shame upon. 2. embarassed. 3. humiliated. 4. dishonoured. ben�du adj. arch. blessed. bergonyuzu adj. shy. Eli bong-bong bensuah V.t. to bless. Deus logu bergonyuzu ngua omi He is a shy­ bensuah ku bos God will bless you. natured man. bentoza adj. quality of food causing beriah V.t. to caulk. beriah prau to caulk flatulence. fruta bentoza fruit that a boat. causes flatulence. bermitu See brumitu. bentu n. 1. wind. bentu norti north wind. bentu pancharoba wind bersu Q!£su)n. 1. music, tune. 2. song, without any definite direction. bentu verse. bersu di Natal Christmas sui south wind. bentu samatra storm carols. (usually) from south-west. peu di bes n. occasion, time. mbes once. dos bentu a squall. 2. air. tomah bentu, bes two times, twice. tres bes four kumih bentu to get some fresh air, to times. tantu bes many a time. otru take fresh air, to take a vacation. bes another time, next time. isti bes, 3. epilepsy; also bentu-bentu, as in isti mbes this once, this time. kada Eli bentu-bentu He suffers from bes always, each time, often. mbes­ epilepsy. subih bentu, pegah bentu mbes See membes. to have an attack of epilepsy. bespa n. eve. bespa di Natal Christmas 4. mentally unstable. teng bentu to be Eve. bespa di anu nubu New Year's mentally unstable .•:. bentu di grang Eve. hernia. besta adj. foolish, stupid. fazeh besta benzeh V.t. to bless, to consecrate. 1. to pretend to be stupid. 2. to dupe, benzeh koba the blessing of the to deceive. Akeh muleh ta fazeh graves on All Souls' Day, the 2nd of besta ku eli sa maridu That woman is November. deceiving her husband. adj. benzidu blessed, hallowed. insensu bestadadi 11. arch. 1. stupidity. 2. foolish benzidu insense which has been person. Eli ungua grandi bestadadi blessed. He is a complete idiot. Kristang-English dictionary 15

besu See bersu. biru!!ru n. arch. parish priest, vicar. besu n. 1. lip. 2. rim of cup, dish, plate, �di n. arch. moustache. saucer. biku n. 1. beak. 2. nipple. biku di mama, betel n. betel leaf [Bot. Piper betle]. biku di tete nipple. 3. spout. .:. biku kumih betel to chew betel. di fula clitoris. biadu n. deer. biliang num. billion. bias n. 1. artery, vein. 2. wood grain. biludu n. velvet. See also panu biludu.

bibeh v.i. to live .•:. bibeh di smola to bi�gri n. vinager. live on charity. bibeh ku pang ku agu bindalu (vindalu) n. type of Kristang to live on bread and water. bibeh bida currydish. di kachoru to live a dog's life. bibeh bin� v. i. to economize. Eli sa maridu kada dia ki Deus dah to live from sa paga keninu. Akeh kauzu eli toka hand to mouth. binggab gastu Her husband's salary is n. « Mal. kueh bingka) type of small. That is why she has to baked pudding made with rice economize on spending. See also (or grated tapioca), and sigurah .•:. binggah bariga to refrain coconut. .:. Yo logu kumih bos sa from eating. bibingka I will outlive you. bintan a n. arch. class of branyo and bichu n. 1. caterpillar, worm or wormlike matah kantiga . creature. bichu anela a variety of red binti num. twenty .•:. di binti kuatu caterpillar which curls into a ring fully, to one's satisfaction. Yo sa shape if touched. bichu kabelu hairy kanyong ja spankah aros di binti caterpillar. bichu di kakus maggot. kuatu My elder brother ate rice to his bichu di mar seaslug. 2. insect. heart's content. bida Qlldra) n. 1. existence, life. teng bintor n. « Mal. bintor) made bida to be alive. bida di algozu idler, of bamboo and net. an idler's life. Eli nada ramedi nteh, ta pasah bida di algozu He doesn't bintura n. 1. character, reputation, self. have a job, he is an idler. bida Ana sabeh lebah bintura Ana knows mansebadu a bachelor's life, carefree, how to take care of herself. Nang irresponsible. bida rastizadu a hard biziah jenti, biziah onsong sa life. Keng trata mal ku mai pai logu bintura Don't mind others, look out pasah bida rastizadu Whoever treats for your own reputation. 2. destiny. their parents badly will have a hard binyu n. alcoholic drink.• :. pasah di life .•:. bida favourite. eli sa bid a, eli binyu to become unconscious through sa bida nosa her or his favourite. bida drinking alcoholic drink. mal binyu a bida alive. bida bida bai nfernu '(the bad drinker. person who) went to hell alive', title of biola n. violin. a stori rainya. bida saudi good health. bida siozu interfering, a person birada n. return (trip). who interferes in the matters of others. biradu ad}. inside out, wrong side bidal n. person who washes and prepares showing. Akeh ropa biradu Those the deceased prior to the wake. clothes are inside out. .:. fazeh biradu to default on a debt. See also fazeh bidra See bida. birasang, fazeh lamiadu. 16 Kristang-English dictionary birah v.i & V. t. I. to tum (around, inside bista to know by sight, be familiar out, into, over, to, upside down). 2. to with. Lonzi di bista, lonzi di korsang capsize. Akeh prau ja birah The boat provo Out of sight, out of mind. 1 capsized .•:. birah anela to call off a bis!!du n. clothing, dress, garment. matrimonial engagement. birah bai, 2 bis!!du ad}. clothed.• :. seu bistidu ku birah beng again and again. birah strela a starry sky. bentu to change one's mind. birah doi to re turn change. birah kabesa to bitela n. placenta membrane. become confused or giddy, to feel biuba n. fern. widow. biuba mpidu confused or giddy. birah korsang to deserted wife. have a change of heart, to reverse a biubu n. rnasc. widower. biubu mpidu decision. birah olu to blink. Birah olu deserted husband. saja eli ja pedreh Within the blink of an eye he lost. Birah olu eli ta fikah bizah See biziah. grandi Within the blink of an eye he bi!!!ru used only in the expression parti is growing. birah palabra to deny. bizaru audacity, cheek. birah stori to change a story, to alter biziador n. guard. the truth. birah tona to return (from biziah (bizah) V.t. 1. to observe, to somewhere), to return something. watch. Biziah ki eli ta fazeh Observe birah truseh, truseh birah to twist what he does. 2. to care for, to mind, and tum, to toss and tum. Kiora bos to take care of, to watch over. biziah logu birah tona? When will you korpu to take care of oneself return?Eli ja birah tona yo sa redi (especially girls). 3. to keep a vigil. He returned my net. .:. biziah bong bong to be careful, to biramintu n. fainting spell. See also take care. biziah kuh di jenti to mind achah ungua biramintu. other people's business, to pry. biziah birasang n. 1. cheat. 2. swindler, person kuidadu to be careful, to watch out. who doesn't honour debts. See also bizita (vi�ta) n. visitor. fazeh birasang, fazeh lamiadu. bizitah (vizitah) V.t. to visit. bisichah v.L arch. to yawn. blachan n. « Mal. belacan) shrimp bi�ga n. 1. smallpox. bisiga di agu paste. sambaI blachan a condimented chickenpox. 2. vaccination. tokah sauce made with fresh red chillies, bisiga to be vaccinated. roasted blachan and lime or lemon biskoitu n. biscuit. juice. bisol n.( < Mal. bisul) boil, ulcer. blangkas n. « Mal. belangkas) horse­ bispontu n. back-stitch. shoe crab [Zoo I. Lirnulus rnoluccaanus] .•:. chuma blangkas bisp u bishop. n. inseparable couple (said of a courting bista n. 1. eyesight, faculty of vision. or marriedcouple). Akeh dos chuma bong bista good sight. bista kurtu blangkas Those two are inseparable. short sight. 2. sight, range of sight, blau n. « D. blauw) indigo powder used view, vision. pedreh di bista to lose for whitening clothes. sight of. premiru bista at fi rst sight. na bista on sight, in sight. ku bista di bluda (b ruda) n. « D. brood) sweet in view of, considering. botah bista bread-like cake formerly prepared at keep something in view. kuniseh di Christmas. Kristang-English dictionary 17 boberia See boburia. bokras (bokaras) n. « Mal. buah keras) l candlenut [Bot. boboi n. 1. cradle. 2. swing. Aleurites moluccana]. 2 bola n. 1. ball. bola buraku children's boboi v.i. to swing. game involving the bowling of balls marrow .•:. bobra gineh bobra n. gourd, into a hole in the ground. bola di pesi pumpkin [Bot. Cucurbita pepo]. fried or steamed fi sh-ball. 2. testicle. bobra chacha, pengah bobra .:. bola di sabang soap bubble. bola made of pumpkin, sweet potato, di spinyu sea-urchin [Zool. Diadema banana, and jaggery. setosum]. 2. .•:. bobu bobu n. 1. clown. ridicule bolor adj. « Mal. bulukan) 1. dirty, ku jumeria tomfoolery. fazeh bobu fi lthy. 2. soiled. ropa bolor soiled jenti to make fun of people. bobu di clothes. 3. mouldy. Akeh kumeria jenti a laughing-stock. bobu di bolor. Tokah pinchah fora That food mundu subject to ridicule. Eli bobu is mOUldy. It will have to be thrown di mundu He is disposed to make a out. fool of himself. bolotu pro. you (plural). bolotu tudu boburia (boberia) n. foolery. you all, all of you, you (inclusive). bodi n. armpit. See also ketiah. .:. bolotu sa your, yours. bolotu sa bodizah v. i. to promenade. See also kaza your house. Akeh kaza bolotu kostiah mundu, rudiah. sa That house is yours. bodru Q!Q!:du) adv. adjacent the edge of bolsa n. 1. pocket. See also saku. something, near. bodru mar, bodru 2. moneybag or pouch formerly used by women wearing sarong kabaya. di mar at the sea-front. .:. na bodru di besu on the tip of one's tongue. 3. trap-pocket of langgiang net. bodru di naris at the tip of one's bolsak n. « D. bultzak) mattress. bolsak nose. kapoku kapok mattress. bolin. lung. bomba n. I.bomb. 2. pump. bogah v. i. to gad about. Bos nteh nada bombah v.t. to bombard.• :. Noel ja ramedi, bogah saja! You haven't got bombah ku yo kauzu di yo sa eradu ajob, you just gad about! Noel told me off because of my boka n. 1. mouth. 2. opening, passage. mistake. boka di bombarda cannon muzzle. bombali n. « c. bombil) bummalow boka di riu estuary .•:. boka abertu fish, Bombay duck [Zool. Harpodon agape. boka bida argumentative. nehereus]. ker, smooth talker. boka dosi sweet tal bombarda n. cannon. boka di puta evil-tongue, malicious bomong (bong-bong) very. gossip. boka di stamu pit of the adv. stomach. boka grandi loud-mouthed. bO!!ill!sa n. 1. gain, profit. Isti boka lebi articulate, talkative. boka merkansia mpoku bonansa This pezadu inarticulate, of few words. business brings little profit. 2. reward. boka rotu unable to keep a secret. Nteh bonansa tomah trabalu ku boka salgadu prophetic. boka subezu jenti There is no reward in doing good loquacious. boka tantu loquacious. for others. subezu boka an extra mouth to feed. bondadi 11. 1. kindness. 2. good will. boka� See bokras. boneka 11. doll. 18 Kristang-English dictionary

bong ad). 1. good. 2. well. Teng bong? pangkada to beat, to thrash. botah How are you (lit. Are you well)? pregang to inform the priest of the •: . Bong an uti! Good evening, good announcement of wedding bans . night. Bong anu! Happy birthday! botah tiru 1. to shoot. 2. to beat, to Bong anu nubu! Happy New Year! thrash. Bong atadi! arch. Good afternoon! botel n. « E. bottle) bottIe. botel di leti bong beneta Good-natured. bong feeding bottle. kriadu well bred, well brought up. botor n. « Mal. kacang botor) four­ Bong-bong See bomong. Bong dial angled bean [Bot. Psophocarpus Good day! Bong kaminyu! Safe tetragonolobus]; also bredu botor. journey! bong mbes best. Bong Natal! Merry Christmas ! !!Qya n. buoy, float. bontadi n. 1. appetite Bebeh mpoku boyah v.i. & v.t. 1. to float. 2. to attach to binyu anti kumih logu abrih bontadi a buoy. Drinking a little (alcohol) before brabu adj. 1. ferocious, fierce. ngua eating will open one's appetite. kachoru brabu a fierce dog. 2. angry. 2. craving. Muleh-muleh prenya Eli sa noibu brabu ku eli Her sempri bontadi kumih angkoza boyfriend is angry with her. azedu Pregnant women always crave braga n. 1. chain. 2. fetter. 3. shakle. for sour things. 3. desire, wish. Yo sa muleh bontadi bragah V.t. to chain. Bragah akeh kereh bai Eropa My wife wishes to kachoru! Chain that dog! go to Europe. bramilu See brumilu. bordu See bodru. brandi n. brandy. bormilu See brumilu. brani adj. « Mal. berani) 1. brave. bornal n. sea-cock on boat. 2. bold, daring. brangku white. 2. fair. bos pro. you (singular) .•:. bos sa your, adj. 1. yours. bos sa kaza Your house. Akeh branyo (branyo h) n. traditional Kristang kaza bos sa That house is yours. bos dance and music. Branyo biroh tudu you also, you too. Bos tudu podi custom of pre-World War n period, bai You also can go. whereby people would go on a picnic bostada n. slap. dah bostada (dah in a large boat called a nadeh and mbostada) to slap. Eli ja dah branyo would be played on the boat. mbostada ku yo She slapped me. Branyo rudiah roving branyo, a tradition of the pre-World War IT bosti!!du adj. covered (in mud, dirt). period, whereby a group of strolling bostiadu ku lama covered with mud. musicians would play branyo in the botadu See pinchado botadu. street, going from house to house. 1 botah V.t. to place, to put, to set down. branyo h See branyo. Eli ja botah sa redi na prau He put 2 branyo h v.i. to dance branyo. his net in the boat. .:. botah fo gu 1. to set fire. 2. to incite. botah konta to brasa n. 1. fathom. 2. two arm's length. take note of, to note. Eli ta botah brasu n. arm (from elbow to shoulder), konta ki bos ta falah He is taking upper arm. mbrasu an arm's length. note of what you are saying. botah na brasu kruzadu arch. folded arms. See sintidu to bear in mind. botah also mango Kristang-English dictionary 19

braza n. ambers, burning coals. brnfa n. buffalo. bredu n. vegetable. bredu bendi okra. brumah V.t. arch. to spank. Krensa­ bredu botor four-angled bean. bredu krensa danadu misteh brnmah terong . Naughty children must be spanked. bredura n. arch. vegetable. brumilu (bermilu) (bormilu) (bramilu) bremilu See brnmilu. (bremilu) adj. red. breng-breng n. « Mal. bereng-bereng) brus n. brush. 1. noise. 2. drum (musical instrument). brusa See brusa. See dali breng-breng. buchu n. belly, stomach of fish. breu n. caulking tar made from tree sap. buih addr. respectful term of address for See also azeti pau. older brother or brother-in-law. bridu n. 1. glass (substance). 2. hour. dos buku n. « D. boek) book. See also bridu two hours. Iibrn. briga n. fight, as in briga galu cockfight. buIih V.t. 1. to shake; see also sakudih. Teng briga galu na kintal There's a 2. to wiggle. 3. to disturb. Nang bulih cockfight in the backyard. briga akeh kachoru! Don't dusturb that punyada fist-fight. Teng briga dog ! .:. bulih bomba to masturbate punyada na Nicholas sa butika (male). bulih mang to gamble. bulih There's a fist-fight in Nicholas' peu to take it easy, to be idle. Yo ta restaurant. kartah basah, bos ta bulih peu! I am brigah v.i. & V.t. to fight. working hard and you are taking it brigadera n. fe m. fighter. easy! bulih rabu to be on the make. brigador n. masc. fighter. bultu See dah bultu. brigu n. fight. bunita adj. fe m. arch. 1. attracti ve. 2. beautiful. 3. pretty. 4. nice. See also bringkah to play. bringkah masa­ v.i. 1. asentu, neches, bemfeta. masa to play house (children's game). 1 2. to play a musical instrument. See buniteza adj. quite pretty. 2 also tokah. 3. to copulate. bringkah buniteza n. beauty. fula to copulate.• :. bringkah baza bunitu adj. 1. attractive. 2. handsome. trumps, a card game, also called 3. pretty. 4. nice. See also asentu, bringkah manila or jogu manila. bemfetu. brinkah bringkah to play the fool. bu!!!ku n. 1. hole, cavity. buraku di bringkah gala child's game also kanggrezu crab-hole. 2. hollow known as kondi or kondi kondah. 3. loan of money. abrih buraku, bringkah olu to wink. bringkah fazeh buraku to incur a loan. dodu to play the fool, to joke, to joke .:. buraku di konu vulva. buraku di with someone. kuh anus. buraku di naris nostril. bringku n. 1. theatrical play. 2. film. buraku di ubida ear-hole. 3. game, sporting game .•:. Eli tomah burn n. ass, donkey .•:. kabesa di burn tudu koza pa bringku She takes stupid person. things lightly. burnga (bu!!!gu) n. 1. mole, blemish on brinkla n. eggplant [Solanum skin. 2. wart. melongenaJ. bumgu See burnga. 20 Kristang-EngLish dictionary bu!!!sa (h£la bu!!!sa, brusa) n. witch; CH often occurs in the synonymous expression bela burusa. cha n. tea. cha tal plain tea. bu�ta n. box for carrying betel and chabi n. key. accompaniments (areka, gambir, lime, chabuku n « Mal. cabuk, K. chiibiik) tobacco, betel-nut cutter). whip. chabuku di raya a whip made 1 busidu V.t. to detest, to hate. Yo sa from the tail of a stingray. 1 kanyong busidu ku eli, kauzu eli ja chacha n. type of porridge made with futah yo sa pai sa biola My elder sago flour, diced sweet potatoes, diced brother detests him because he stole , coconut milk and palm sugar. my father's violin. 1 2 chacha ad). senile. bu�du ad). 1. disgusted, fed up. Kauzu chaching n. « Mal. cacing) worm. See eli ja kartah falsu, yo ja fika busidu also biehu. Because he wrote an anonymous defamatory letter, I became fed up. chadisa n. « Mal. cadek, K. chyad) 2. bored, fed up. Kada dia yo sa mai 1. skill. 2. cunning. 3. special powers, kuzeh bredu bendi. Isti kauzu yo ja usually of a superhuman type .•:. Yo ja fikah busidu kumih bredu bendi pedreh tudu chadisa I was/am at a Every day my mother cooks okra. loss as to what to think. That is why I have become bored with chadu ad). « Mal. cadek, K. chyad) eating okra. 1. clever, intelligent, smart. 2. skilled. buskah V.t. 1. to seek, look for. 2. to earn 3. cunning .•:. Eli chadu panyah money. Yo ta bai buskah, bos ta korsang di sogra She really knows jugah seja! I am earning money and how to win her mother-in-law's heart. you are just gambling! .:. buskah chaga n. 1. sore. chaga boba leprosy. chaki to fi nd fault with someone. 2. ulcer. See also firida. buskah cheru to sniff out. Isti chaki n. fault. buskah chaki to find fault kachoru ta buskah cheru undi teng with someone .•:. chaki-chaki in jest, akeh gatu The dog is sniffing out the playfully. cat. See also pusah cheru. buskah e kumih to seek a living. buskah tratu chakiah n. « Hak. khia ) Chinese to invite trouble. clogs. butang n. button. kaza di butang champun!duad ). « Mal. campur) buttonhole. 1. mixed. 2. mixed up. 3. muddled. buyka n. shop. butika baisikal bicycle champurah V.t. « Ma l. campur) 1. to shop. butika di fatu jewellery shop. combine, to mix. 2. to associate with, butika di panu textile shop. butika to mingle with, to socialize with. (di) kofi coffee shop. Maria ngka gostah champurah ku Luzia Maria doesn't like to socialize bu.E..!!i 11. « Mal. buyollg) earthenware with Luzia. See also juntah, jar. misturah. buziu n. ape, monkey. chang n. 1. ground. 2. land. 3. floor. 4. background. Isti panu sa chang brangku This cloth has a white background .•:. chang grang property. Kristang-English dictionary 21

Padri sa Chang (lit. the priest's land) cherah v.t. 1. to smell. 2. to kiss (usually the Portuguese Settlement. to kiss a child). See also dah boka, l changkol n. « Mal. cal1gkol) hoe. dah mboka. cherah mang to kiss the 2 hand (of elders at weddings or at changkol v.t. « Mal. cal1gkol) to hoe. Christmas time) .•:. cherah kuh di chanteria adj. « Mal. calltek) dolled up. jenti (lit. to kiss people's backsides) to chaJ!!!du ad). closed, shut (but not ingratiate oneself. locked). !2zu ad). 1. fragrant, scented. chapah v.t. 1. to approach. Ta chapah 2. aromatic .•:. agu cherozu (agu di chua Rain is approaching. 2. to get cherozu) perfume. close to, to go near. Nang chapah ku cheru 11. odour, smell. akeh kachoru! Eli teng duenti Don't Cheti 11. 1. Chettiah. 2. Chettiah go near that dog! He has a disease. moneylender. 3. to shut to. Chapah akeh potra! l Shut the door to! 4. to mix with, to cheu ad). 1. copious, plentiful, a lot of. socialize with. Nang chapah ranchu 2. ll. 2 danadu! Don't mix with bad cheu ad). fully. company! chicha 11. « Mal. cicak) gecko [Zool. chapeu 11. hat. chapeu stera straw hat. Hemidactylus sp.], house-lizard. chaping 11. bowsprit, leading edge timber Chicha falah retu The chicha says it of the bow of a boat. is true! An expression said when a chicha makes a noise while someone chaskiah v.t. to flirt (of male only). See is talking. also gijigiji. chicharu 11. horse mackerel [Zool. che�du ad). related. Rozil ku Fina Caranx hippos]. chegadu Rozil and Fina are related. jirisang chegadu close re lative. chili l1.chili [Zool. Capsicum sp.]. chili l bedri green pepper, capsicum. chili chegah v.i. 1. to arrive. Eli nubu ja maduru fresh red chili. chili padi chegah He has just arrived. 2. to small extremely pungent chili. reach. Yo mpodi chegah akeh ramu 11. I can't reach that branch .•:. chegah chilikoti arch. . oras it is time. Ja chegah oras nus chikoti (chikoti mi!!!!!ria) 11. form of miste bai It is time for us to go. matah kantiga. chegah sa oras when it is time, at the chimis 11. petticoat. appropriate time. Chegah sa oras yo China 11. Chinese. See also rabu. logu dah sabeh ku bos When it is time, I shall tell you. chinadu ad). of Chinese or Oriental 2 appearance. chega h ad). sufficient. Eli teng chegah doi He has sufficient money. chinchaloh 11. « Mal. cencalok) 3 fermented shrimp prepared from fresh chega h adv. chegah! That is enough ! shrimp, which is mixed with cooked See also basta. 2 rice and then left to ferment. chekih 11. « Hak. k'i ) card game of chinchau 11. « Mal. cillcau) black jelly Baba Malay origin consisting of sixty made from the juice of the tubers and cards in fo ur suits. i 5 leaves of a climbing plant [Bot. chen� n. « Hok. chiel1 si ) spatula. Cyclea barbata]. 22 Kristang-English dictionary chinchorot (chinchurut) n. « Mal. chomah v.t. 1. to call. 2. to be called, to cellcurut) rat, musk-shrew [Zoo!. be known as. See also gritah. Crocidur amurilla and Crocidur .:. chomah nomi to call someone coerulea]. See also ratu fedeh. names. mandah chomah to send for. chinchurut See chinchorot. chongka n. 1. arch. sea-snail (cowrie) [Zoo I. Cypraea moneta]. See also chi!!£la11. 1. sandal. 2. slipper. siput. 2. sea-shell. .:. bringkab chipeh v.t. « Mal. cipir) to crush. chongka game played with sea shells chi�ta 11. « T. chira,�ta) coconut shell. and a board known as kaza di kuler chireta ladle made from a chongka containing two paraUel lines coconut shell. of seven small hollows and two large hollows at each extremity. Shells are chir!!!£la n. small type of sour yellow placed in the hollows. plum [Bot. Phyllanthus somphocarpus and Phyllanthus gomphocarpus). choru n. crying, weeping. choru pranta lamentation, wailing. chispa n. arch. spark. Kantu nus dali pedra rubim ku pedra rubim logu choruprantah v.i. to cry and wail. sai chispa If we strike granite with chua n. rain. chua finu finu drizzle. kai granite, there will be sparks. chua to rain. chispu n. arch. slipper. .:. chispu di peu chubah See chobah. sole of the foot. chubedura n. « Mal. cubit) pinch. chita 11.pri nted cotton. l chubeh v.t. « Mal. cubit) to pinch. chitu invitation card. 2 n. « c. chW) chubeh n. « Mal. cubit) pinch. chobah (chubah) v.t. « Mal. cobah) chuchoh v.t. « Mal. cucok) 1. to prick. 1. to try. 2. to taste. 2. to poke. 3. to pierce. 1 choka n. 1. squid [Zool. Loliginadae). chuma Qillma) Oillmu) (mma) adv. choka bambu [Zool. Loligo edulis]. 1. like, similar to. Eli papiah chuma 2. cuttlefish [Zool. Sepiidae]. choka mestri She talks like a teacher. Bos manduku cuttlefish [Zool. Sepia chuma bos sa pai You are like your pharaonis). father. 2. as. 3. as if, as though. 2 choka n. roost. galinya na choka .:. chuma ki quite, very. grandi brooding hen .•:. galinya choka hen chuma ki quite big. with chicks. chumbu n. 1. lead. 2. sinker. chokah v.i. 1. to hatch eggs. 2. to lay chumbuada n. fe m. lazy person. eggs. See also puzah obu. chumbuadu n. masc. lazy person. chokalati See choklat. chambuskadu adj. arch. singed. chokarita 11. octopus [Zool. Octopus chumpiang n. 1. pirate. 2. rogue. aegina). l chunamberu 11. arch. « Ma. choklat (chokalati) n. chocolate. chUlp;zambu) container for the 2 choklat (chokalati) adj. brown, chunamu used in betel chewing. chocolate colour. chulli!!!!bu See chunamu. choldabolda adj. jumbled, topsy-turvy. chu!ll! (chulli!!!!bu) 11. « Ma. chUl;u;zambu) 1. lime. chunambu par Kristang-English dictionary 23

(chunambu para) quicklime. to hide oneself, to absent oneself. 2. whitewash. dali chunamu to Kora akeh dos ja pertu brigah yo ja whitewash. dah bultu When those two were about 1 chupa n. « Mal. cupak) chupak, old to fi ght, I made myself scarce. dah local measure for grains equivalent to chabi to give someone their freedom. dah chadisa to educate, to teach. dah approximately 900 grams .•:. Kantu naseh ku chupa logu mureh ku chapah to allow to mix, to chupa If one is born poor, one will die matchmake. Olotu keh dah chapah poor. ku yo ku ngua machu China They 2 wanted to matchmake me with a chupa n. dummy teat. Chinese boy. dah dibda to give credit, chupah V.t. to suck. chupah dedu to to allow purchase on credit. dah fogu suck one's thumb .•:. Eli gostah to instigate. dah fruta to bear fruit. chupah He likes drinking alcoholic dah ganansa to favour someone. dah drinks. ganyu 1. to bear interest. 2. to pay churah v.i. to cry, to weep. interest (a loan). dah gritu to shout, to yell. dah guela to scream. dah intrah churang n. cry-baby .•:. brinkah 1. to allow to enter. 2. to allow to join churang to cheat at a game or at (an association or a club). dah kakada gambling. to guffaw, to give a hearty laugh. dah chu!!!tu n. arch. cigar. kaminyu to accede, to facilitate an chuskiah V.t. arch. to trim (hair). Bos ja opportunity. dah kaskah to mate (of tokah chuskiah bos sa kabelu You birds). Akeli dos pastu ta dah got your hair trimmed. kaskah Those two birds are mating. dah kazah 1. to allow to marry. 2. to marry to someone. dah klareza to clarify, to explain. dah konselu, dah D konselasang to advise, to counsel. dah konta 1. to be aware of, to dabi n. « Mal. dawai) wire. realize. 2. to recount, to relate. dah dador adv. surrounding, around. Di korazi to coddle (a child). dah kosi to dador Albert sa kaza teng tantu albi kick. dah kumih to feed. dah kuniseh mangga Albert's house has a lot of to introduce (someone or something) mango trees around it. to someone. dah kura to cure. dah leti onsong to breastfeed. dah lisensa dadu 11. dice. to allow, to permit. dah mang to dagu n. « Mal. dagu) jaw. shake hands. dah merseh to thank. l dah into expression of anger. dah misa to celebrate a mass in 2 dah V.t. 1. to give. 2. allow, facilitate. honour of someone. dah mpustah to dah bai to allow to go. dah beng to lend. John ja dah mpustah ku yo eli sa prau John me his boat. dah allow to come .•:. dah abizu to invite. dah asinadu 1. to sign. 2. to agree, to pregu to impose on someone. dah consent. dah atordadi to authorize, to mustrah to demonstrate, to show. dah permit. dah bafu to allow to breathe, nggulu to retch. dah pabisa to speak to give air. dah bista to keep an eye vulgarly. dah pangkada to beat, to on, to watch over. dah boka or da thrash. dah pedrang to forgive; see mboka to kiss. dah bultu to abscond, also pedoah. dah praga to curse, to 24 Kristang-English dictionary

swear. dah pulu to jump. dah da� n. « Mal. damar) torch made of punyada to punch (someone); see also a piece of bamboo filled with oil and dali punyada. dah ramedi 1. to using a cloth wick. Formerly used by impose on someone. 2. to pass the fishermen. t buck. dah rekadu to send one's danadu adj. 1. mischievous, naughty. regards to someone. Dah rekadu ku 2. spoilt. .:. femi danadu prostitute. bos sa pai Give my regards to your 2 danadu n. rascal. father. dah repairu to shelter someone, to take someone in. dah danah v.i. & V.t. 1. to spoil. 2. to be rezang to argue with elders. dah spoiled, to not function. Akeh rostu 1. to pay attention to, to take baisikal ja danah That bicycle notice of. 2. to coddle. Dah mpoku doesn't work.• :. Akeh femi ja danah rostu, eli subih na kabesa Give That girl has lost her virginity. fazeh him/her an inch and he/she takes a danah to deflower. mile. dah reposta 1. to reply. 2. to darteh v.i. 1. to melt. 2. to evaporate. answer back (of a child to a parent). dar!!du ad). arch. melted. dah sabeh to inform, to notify, to tell. dah seng to become engaged. dah dasi n. arch. « D. dasje) neck-tie. sibrisu to employ. dah sintidu l. to dastor n. arch. 1. habit, custom. advise. 2. to guide. dah smola to give 2. habitat (of an animal). Nus ja bai alms, to give charity. dah sombra to pontah porku di matu. Ja chegah shade. dah spiru to sneeze. dah tiru ungua lugah teng tantu marka di 1. to shoot. 2. to strike. dah tona to peu. Misteh olotu sa dastor We went give back, to return (something to hunting wild pig. We came to a place someone). dah tratu 1. to trouble where there were a lot of hoof marks. someone. 2. to burden someone. 3. to It must have been their habitat. impose on someone. dah unzi to !!!ya n. « Mal. dayah) midwife. annoint. dah vizita to visit. debel undef used only in kari debel, a dali V.t. to beat, to hit, to knock, to strike. traditional Kristangcurry . •: . dali banu or dali bandu 1. to dedu n. terminal member of hand or foot. proclaim, to spread news. 2. to dedu anela ringfinger. dedu di mang (spread) gossip. dali breng-breng to finger. dedu di peu toe. dedu grandi announce (with malice). dali buraku thumb, see also mai di dedu, dedu to borrow money. dali chunamu to klengkeng, dedu plemkeng little whitewash. dali gatu to masturbate fi nger. dedu miu middle finger. (male). dali gong to (spread) gossip. dali ku rabu di olu to glance, to steal defendeh See difendeh. a glance. dali punyada to punch. dali definasang See finasang. sinu to ring (a bell). dali tarafa to fish defuntu See difuntu. with a casting net. dali topadu to trip over. dali tragitu to drink alcoholic deklarah (diklarah) V.t. l. to declare. drinks. 2. to make known. dam n. chess. dekorah V.t. to adorn, to decorate. dama 11. mistress. gadrah dama to keep de!!!Qni 11. 1. demon, devil. See also a mistress. diabu, diabu demoni. 2. Satan. denti n. 1. tooth, teeth. denti di leti milk teeth. denti falsu dentures, false teeth. Kristang-English dictionary 25

denti kachoru canine tooth. denti dianti adv. 1. in front of, before. Dianti kesada molar. denti di saroti teeth of di kaza teng dos albi mangga In a saw. 2. fangs. front of the house there are two mango des nurn. 1. ten. 2. tenth. trees. dianti may be treated as a noun when preceded by sa or by na. Na desah V.t. 1. to allow, to let, to pennit. Yo dianti teng dos albi mangga At the nadi desah ku bos rintah I won't let front there are two mango trees. Sa you in. 2. to leave .•:. Desah bail dianti teng dos albi Its front has two Never mind! Don't worry! Let it be ! mango trees. 2. in the presence of. detadu ad}. lying down. Kabah tokah Nang pidih doi dianti di jenti Don't korsang dueh, Aloy ja fikah detadu ask for money in the presence of na kama After the heart attack, Aloy others. remained lying down in bed. dibda n. debt. .:. fazeh dibda to incur detah v.i. 1. to lie down. 2. to take a nap. debts, to run into debts. Deus n. God. Deus Filu God the son. dibeh v.i. to bother, to bother oneself, to Deus Pai God the father. Deus Spritu worry. Nang dibeh Don't bother Santu God the Holy Spirit. Deus (yourself). Ki dibeh? Why bother? kriah May God keep you! May God dibinyadera n. fe rn. fortune-teller. bless you! Usually said when a child sneezes. dibinyador n. rnasc.fo rtune-teller. devasang n. devotion. dibinya h V.t. 1. to guess. Bos podi dibinyah kai lonzi I1a Grandi di aki? di prep. 1. from. 2. of. 3. to. 4. than Can you guess how far Pulau Besar is (when used in comparative from here? 2. to anticipate. Teresa ja constructions). Yo mas idadi di bos dibinyah tudu ki eli sa mai presizu I am older than you .•:. instead of, Teresa anticipated her mother's needs. rather than. Di yo bai Australia, mas 3. to predict. Yo dibinyah eli 10 beng bong bai Eropa Instead of me going I predict he will come. to Australia, it's better to go to Europe. dibinyasang n. prediction. dia n. 1. day. dia di Natal Christmas day. didal n. thimble. dia di anu nubu New Year's day. dia difendeh (defendeh) v.t. to defend. 1 di kazamintu wedding day. dia di difrenti ad}. different. See also ngka paga pay-day. kada dia every day, igual. daily, day after day. tudu dia all day. 2 difrenti adv. differently. See also ngka .:. di dia daytime, in the daytime. igual. 2. date. difuntu (defuntu) n. arch. dead, diabu (d iabu de!!!Qni) n. 1. devil. See deceased. See also motri. also demoni. 2. evil spirit. 3. ghost.

•: . diabu kaladu provo still waters run diklarah See deklarah . deep. tokah diabu to be possessed. dilatadu ad}. 1. delayed. 2. distended. diaburia n. 1. evil spirit. 2. witchcraft. dilatah v.i. 1. to delay. Mas bong nang dia!!!!!.!!ti n. diamond. dilatah, nus mistih bai misa seti ora Better not delay, we have to go to dianta n. arch. rascal (said when mass at seven 0 clock. 2. to distend. rebuking children). 26 Kristang-English dictionary

dimazij!du adv. arch. too much, in 2. undemanding. Mandor sa ramedi excess. See also mutu tantu. diskansadu, eli ngka tokah fazeh sibrisu chuma piun a foreman's job di!!l1ru II. 1. money. 2. wealth. is undemanding, he doesn't have to dipendeh v.i. 1. to depend on; followed work like a labourer. by di. Akeh dipendeh di agu That depends on the tide. 2. to rely on. diskansu n. rest. diseh v.i. 1. to descend. Akeh pastu ja diskentadu adj. feverish. diseh na chang The bird descended to diski adv. 1. apparently, evidently. 2. it is the ground. 2. to alight from, to said that, people say, they say. Diski descend from. diseh di kareta to nalih teng alma disperadu They say alight from a car. .:. diseh sol sunset. there is a ghost there. Jenti falah diski fazeh diseh to lower. Fazeh diseh Nancy sa filaja fuzih They say janela! Lower the window ! Nancy's daughter has eloped. l disemintu See disimintu. diskoml!Qstu adj. 1. crude, indecent, di� nUnl. sixteen. vulgar. Eli sa palabra mutu diskompostu His speech is very di�ti nUnl. seventeen. vulgar. 2. rude. See also malkriadu, disfinah v.L 1. to pine away, to suffer. nteh manera. 2. to languish, to become or be weak 2 diskoml!Q§tu adv. 1. crudely, vulgarly. or feeble .•:. disfinah karni di korpu 2. rudely. to lose weight. diskonfiadu V.t. 1. to distrust, to mistrust. disgaradu ad}. gluttonous. Tudu jenti diskonfiadu ku eli disgostadu adj. bored, fed up. Everybody distrusts him. disgostah V.t. 1. to dislike. Yo sa mai 2. Disbelieve, not believe. Yo disgostah nus dos bai juntadu My diskonfiadu eli ja pedreh akeh doi I mother dislikes us being together. don't believe he lost the money. 2. to be fed up with. Nang fazeh jenti diskonfiansa n. 1. distrust. 2. doubt, disgostah sperah ku bos Don't make suspicion. people fed up with waiting for you. diskonsoladu adj. arch. disconsolate. dis�tu n. 1. chagrin. 2. displeasure. Barbara diskonsoladu ngka olah ku 3. disatisfaction .•:. fikah disgostu to sa pai anti eli mureh Barabara was become fed up. Yo ja fikah disgostu disconsolate at not having seen her ku eli I became fed up with him. father before he died. disgrj!sa (disgrj!sia)11. 1. accident, diskubrih V.t. 1. to discover. 2. to mishap. 2. calamity. disclose. Maria ja diskubrih tudu disgrj!sia See disgrasa. Vicente sa sigredu Maria disclosed disimintu n. 1. ancestry, descendency. all Vicente's secrets. 3. to uncover. 2. birth. Di disimintu pastu tudu floi diskuniseh v. t. 1. to not know. 2. not From birth all birds sing. 3. origin. recognize. diskalsu ad}. barefoot. diskuni§idu ad}. unrecognizable. diskan�du adj. 1. carefree. Agora eli sa diskun!!lli.ti ad}. arch. discontent, krengkrensa ta fazeh sibrisu, eli ja discontented. Tudu peskador diskansadu Now that his children are diskuntenti ku ntulah mar All the working, he is carefree. Kristang-English dictionary 27

fi shermen are discontented with the distranggu See distrau. land reclamation. distrau (distragu, distranggu) adj. arch. diskureh v.i. 1. to flow from, to ooze. 1. disturbed. Yo sa i1agra sa kachoru Agu ta diskureh di tangki Water is ja ladrah pamiang sedu, ja fazeh ku flowing from the tank. Eli sa nariz ta yo distrau. Yo mpodi drumih The diskureh sanggi his nose is oozing neighbour's dog barked early this blood. 2. to leak. Akeh ketal ta morningand disturbed me. I couldn't diskureh agu The kettle is leaking sleep. 2. frightened. Akeh trubada ja (water). fazeh ku yo sa nitu distrau The dislabadu adj. shameless. kara thunder frightened my grandson. dislabadu incorrigible, shameless. distripah v. i. to defecate.

dis!!£ta n. great-granddaughter. distrongkadu adj. skaky, unstable.

disnitu 11. great-grandson. disubida adj. arch. disobedient. disoitu nurn. eighteen. dizaboh n. great-grandparent. dizaboh diso�tu adj. indecent, immodest. Bela femi great-grandmother. dizaboh bela falah agora sa filafila gostah machu great-grandfather. bistih ropa disonestu The old ladies dizastru n. 1. disaster. 2. accident, say that today's young women like to misfortune. wear immodest clothing. diz!!Qvi nurn. nineteen. dispachadu ad}. conjugally separated. dizoitu See disoitu. dispachah v.i. !. to depart, to leave, to dizorah V.t. to scold someone loudly. part. 2. to separate from one another. dobradu ad}. 1. folded. 2. bent. Olotu ja dispachah They have 3. double. Kantu bos podi ganyah, separated. yo logu pagah dobradu If you can disperadu ad}. 1. desperate, despairing. win, I will pay you double. 2. perplexed .•:. fikah disperadu to dobrah V.t. 1. to bend, to flex. dobrah despair. Nang fikah disperadu! Don't nzelu to bend the knee. 2. to fold. despair! alma disperadu ghost. dobrah dos to fold in two. dobrah dispidih V.t. to bid farewell, to farewell. ropa to fold clothes . •: . dispidih noiba the bride's farewell; 1 doda adj. fe rn. crazy, mad. a Kristang tradition where the bride 2 bids farewell to her parents and family doda 11.fe rn. lunatic. just before she leaves her house for the n. « Mal. dodol) nuptual mass. with coconut and sugar. 1 disilldu ad}. naked. dispidu noh stark dodu ad}. rnasc. crazy, lunatic, mad. naked. .:. Eli dodu femi He is obsessed with dispois adv. 1. after, afterwards. 2. next, women. 2 then. dodu n. rnasc. 1. lunatic. 2. madness. dispregatadu adj. 1. ill-treated, un cared doeh 11. arch. « D. doek) nappy. for. 2. untidy .•:. fazeh dispregatadu doh n. 1. mourning. pezadu doh deep to mistreat. mourning; mourningfor parents, distarah V. t. to banish. husband or parents-in-law; distragu See distrau. traditionally a two year period, with 28 Kristang-English dictionary

women wearing black clothes for the drumih (durmih) v.i. to sleep. first year. 2. mourningclo thes .:. drumih basu di bangku to fail at (generally black). sibrih doh, bistih school, to not make the grade. fazeh doh to wear black mourning, for a drumih to pretend to be asleep. death in the immediate family. meh Maria ta fazeh drumih Maria is doh half mourning; to wear a garment pretending to be asleep. kai drumih to with some black, in mourningfor a fall asleep. death of a member of family other dueh v.i. to hurt. Eli sa kabesa ta dueh than immediate family. her head is hurting .•:. teng dueh doi 1l. « D. duit) money. ndoi one cent. kabesa to have a headache. korsang doi di kofi tip. doi di fora outside dueh to feel hurt, to have hurt income. doi di freti rent. doi di gastu feelings. Eli korsang dueh He feels money for daily expenses. doi di hurt. pasazi ticket money, passage. doi di duensa n. disease, illness, sickness. saku pocket money. doi finu small duenti adj. ill, indisposed, sick. change. .:. duenti femi, duenti di femi dokta n. < E. doctor) doctor. venereal disease. fazeh duenti to dona n. arch. owner, mistress of house. pretend to be ill. don�la n. arch. maiden. duminggu n. Sunday. Duminggu di donu n. 1. owner. donu di kaza owner of Ramu Palm Sunday. the house. 2. master.• :. donu di kaza durah v.L 1. to last, to be lasting. Isti spirit owner of the house (a tradition esen sa cheru durah The scent of this whereby it was formerly said that that perfume lasts. 2. durah to delay, also every house had a spirit owner). fazeh durah. Nang durah Don't !!Qpan. « D. dopen) fi sh cooked in delay. Yo sa skribang gostah (fazeh) batter. durah eli sa sibrisu My clerk likes to delay his work. dos num. two .•:. dos-dos 1. both, the two of. Yo sa muleh ja komprah dos-dos durasang 1l. 1. duration. 2. durability. kadera My wife bought both chairs. 3. hardness. 4. solid nature of material. 2. together. Olotu ja bai fora dos-dos 5. toughness. They went out together. 3. two at a dun;za 1l. 1. hardness. 2. solid nature. time Dos-dos seja podi intrah cherah 3. toughness. Siur Murtu Two persons at a time durmih See drumih. may enter to kiss the statue of the duru adj. 1. hard. Goieba bedri duru Dead Christ. l Green (unripe) guava is hard. 2. solid. dosi adj. sweet. .:. boka dosi sweet­ Krensa di leli mpodi kumih kumiria talker. dosi marga bittersweet. duru Infants cannot eat solid food. 2 dosi 1l. 1. sweet. dosi chirmela a sweet 3. stiff. Ja kabah kai di albi, eli sa consisting of boiled chirmela threaded peu ja fikahduru After he fe ll from on a stick of ikal. dosi di mel honey. the tree his leg became stiff. 4. tough. Baka belu sa kandri duru Meat from dozi num. twelve .•:. dozi ora anoti midnight. old cattle is tough .•:. fikah duru to faint. kabesa duru stubborn. subih drentu See rentu. duru to have a fit. dretu See retu. Kristang-English dictionary 29 du.YQ!!g n. « Mal. duyong) dugong £!baSee ebra. [Zool. Halicore dugong]. eresberes 11. « Mal. beres) odds and duzing n. dozen. Ngua duzing obu dos ends. pataka A dozen eggs costs two erodi adj. mischievous (usually said of a ringgit. child). e!QPa n. Europe.

�en 11. « D. essence) perfume. See also E agu (di) cherozu. esnues adv. arch. more or less. e See eli. eternu adj. arch. eternal. .:. pa eternu £bra {£rba)n. grass. ebra dosi fennel forever. Keng mureh ku pekadu seed. mortal logu bai infernu pa eternu ekspektah v.t. « E. expect) to expect. Whoever dies in mortal sin will go to Hell forever. el See eli. 1 eternidadi 11. arch. eternity. £la pro. arch. she. 2 £tika 11. tuberculosis. £la n. yard (measurement of length). elah v.t. « Mal. elak) to avoid someone. £Ii (el) (e) pro. !. he, she, it. 2. her, him. .:. eli sa his, her, hers, its. eli sa kaza F her house. Akeh kaza eli sa That house is hers. fabor 11. favour. fazeh ungua fa bor to do a favour .•:. fazeh fabor please. Fazeh elotru See olotru. fabor rakuah Please move back. enfetah See nfetah. fikah basu di fabor di jenti to be enkudah v.t. arch. to augment, to obligated to people. pa fabor di on lengthen. Isti korda di angkru kurtu, behalf of. miste enkudah mas mpedas This 3 2 fachi n. « Can. !a i chi ) chopsticks. anchor rope is short. It needs to be lengthened with another piece. fai See fazeh. 1 faka n. knife. faka di meza table knife. enti n. « E. aunt) aunt. 2 falah v.t. 1. to say (something). 2. to tell enti hon. det. « E. aunt) aunt. Common form of address used when speaking to (something to someone). 3. to address someone. to converse with older women. See also tia. 4. 7 2 someone, to speak with someone epiah 11. « Hok. a pia ) Chinese cake. .:. ngka sabeh ki falah to ignore the 1 eradu adj. 1. erroneous, incorrect, meaning of. Bos ngka sabeh ki falah wrong. 2. mistaken. 3. at fault. sura You don't know what toddy is. 2 e!!du 11. 1. fault. 2. mistake. falya n. fault. Isti bos sa falya This is erah adv. « Mal. heral1, hairal1) likely. your fault. See also eradu. erah 10 kai chua It is likely to rain. falsu adj. 1. false. lantah falsu to tell erah di konta certainly, most a fabricated story. 2. deceitful. probably. £rah erah it is quite likely, 3. imitation. Orlozi falsu baratu it may well. Imitation watches are cheap. 4. artificial. Eli sa brasu falsu He 30 Kristang-English dictionary

has an artificial arm .•:. doi falsu pretend not to notice (lit. to pretend to counterfeit money. kartah falsu to be blind) .•:. chuma ja fazeh as if it write anonymous defamatory letters. had just been made, well formed. Eli falta V.t. 1. to lack, to be short of. Juang sa naris chuma ja fazeh Her nose is ta falta doi John is short of money well formed. eli sa fazeh his doing, 2. to be less. 3. to subtract. Tres falta because of him, because of what he dos ungua Three minus two equals did. fazeh asenti to do or say something with joking intent. fazeh one .•:. birah doi falta to shortchange. Akeh butika ja birah doi falta The azbiru (fazeh ungua azbiru) to make shop shortchanged me. Eli nada a fu ss, to fuss. fazeh bai fundu to nunka fa Ita di sa pai He is exactly ( cause to) sink. Eli ja fazeh akeli like his father. prau bai fu ndu He sank the boat. fazeh basu pa riba to make a mess. fa!lli!du eminent, famous, re nown. ad}. fazeh birasang to default on a debt. Eli jenti famadu He is a famous fazeh bobu to mock. fazeh bong 1. to person. be kind to. 2. to ingratiate oneself. famila See familia. fazeh buraku to borrow money, to familia (famila) 11. 1. child, offspring. Yo incur a debt. fazeh danadu to sa tiu teng tantu familia My uncle prostitute oneself (woman). fazeh has many offspring. 2. family in terms dueh korsang to hurt someone's of number of offspring. Eli sa familia feelings. Eli ja fazeh ku yo dueh grandi His family is large. See also korsang He hurt my feelings. fazeh muleh familia .•:. familia di puta fabor please. fazeh festa to celebrate. bastard. tokah familia to be related. fazeh fitiseru 1. practise sorcery. put a spell on. Akeh femi ja fazeh farinya n. flour. farinya di trigu wheat 2. flour. farinya di aros . fitiseru ku sa noibu That girl put a spell on her boyfriend. fazeh fogu farinya pulut glutinous rice flour. 1. start a fire. 2. to provoke. fazeh fartu ad}. 1. satiated. 2. fed up (with). jeru to matchmake one's daughter. Nus ja fartu kumih karni We are fed fazeh kara to pull a face. fazeh kauzu up with eating meat. to make a matter of. fazeh ki podi to fasel ad}. easy. See also chuma agu. do whatever one can, to do one's best. .:. fikah fasel to have it easy. Eli podi fazeh konta 1. to take notice of. 2. to fikah fasel He could have it easy. Eli take into account. fazeh kruz to fasel fazeh kambradu He makes swear. fazeh lamiadu 1. to make a friends easily. mess. 2. to incur debts and not honour fatu n. jewellery. fatu fazenda arch. them. fazeh lesti to make ready, to jewellery and clothing. prepare. fazeh mai to knead dough. fazeh merseh please, to please. fazeh fazeh (fai) V.t. 1. to do, to carry out. meza 1. to give a dinner. 2. to give a 2. to make, to cause. 3. to build, to party. fazeh midu to frighten, to scare. construct. 4. to bewitch, to put a spell fazeh noiba to court a woman. fazeh on (possibly a reduction of fazeh nuibu to court a man. fazeh ngka fitiseru). 5. to pretend. fazeh besta to sabeh to pretend to ignore. fazeh obra pretend to be stupid. fazeh duenti to to copulate. fazeh preguntu to pretend to be ill. fazeh drumih to question someone, to confront pretend to be asleep. fazeh sudru to someone. fazeh premesa 1. to make a pretend to be deaf. fazeh totru to Kristang-English dictionary 31

promise. 2. to make a vow to a divine fesang n. 1. face. 2. countenance. being in exchange for a favour. fazeh 3. affection. kai na fesang to fall in

premetesang See fazeh premesa. love .•:. fesang di nyapu ugly­ fazeh pulia to mock, to ridicule. fazeh looking. teng fesang fazeh to have the punyada to clench one's fist. fazeh courage or the capacity to do rayu 1. to prostitute oneself (said of a something. woman). 2. to visit a prostitute (said of festa n. 1. festival. 2. feast. festa di a man). fazeh saudi to make a toast. Asunta Assumption fe ast. fazeh smola 1. give alms. 2. to do fetor adj. arch. ugly in appearance. charity. fazeh tiras to tear into shreds. fazeh tolu to annoy. Krengkrensa ta fetu adj. made, become, turned into; fazeh tolu ku yo The children are occurs only in the expressions fetu annoying me. fazeh tras to defecate. alma deceased, and fetu mansebu fazeh troku to stand in for someone. matured as a young man. Eric ja retu alma Eric has deceased. Yo sa filu ja fazemintu n. 1. doing. 2. making. fetu mansebu mas nenang kazah My fa zenda See fatu fazenda. son has become a young man, but he fe n. arch. faith. hasn't married yet. febri n. fever. febri friu malaria. feu adj. 1. ugly. 2. vile. fechadu See fichadu. fiador n. arch. guarantor, surety. l fedeh adj. fetid, stinking. fichadu (pichadu, fechadu) adj. closed, 2 shut. fedeh n. stench, stink. fel n. l. gall. Isti mizinya marga chuma fichah (picha h) V.t. 1. to close. 2. to shut. fel This medicine is as bitter as gall. fichah potra! Shut the door! .:. fichah 2. gal1-bladder. boka to remain silent. fichah buraku to pay debts. fichah olu to die. feldadi adj. freezing. fielad j. arch. faithful. femi n. l. female. 2. girl, young woman. !iidu See fildu 3. woman .•:. femi danah unmarried woman who is no longer a virgin. fe mi figun. banana [Bot. Musa sp.J. albi figu danadu prostitute. femi diabu banana palm. prostitute. femi rayu prostitute. fijillra n. 1. figure, form, shape. Akeh fendeh V.t. 1. to split open. fendeh lenya femi sa figura bunitu That girl has a to split firewood. 2. to cut open. 3. to pretty figure. 2. statue. Figura di nos operate. sa sinyora kuma bida The statue of fendidu adj. split. Our Lady is lifelike. figurah to figure, to imagine. feradu adj. arch. 1. tipsy. 2. groggy. See V.t. arch. l also bebdu, tokadu. fikah adv. 1. so, thus. Fikah, yo sa pai feru n. 1. iron. 2. chain. 3. fetters. ja bai mar mambes So, my father set out to sea again. 2. then. feramintu See ferumintu. 2 fikah V.I. 1. to become. Eli sa filu ja ferumintu (feramintu) 1. metal. n. fikah padri His son became a priest. 2. tools, implements; the reference of 2. to happen; Nunka fikah nada this noun is generally taken as Nothing happened. 3. to stay. 4. to collective. reside. Yo ta fikah nakeh banda I am 32 Kristang-English dictionary

residing in that neighbourhood. !itan. 1. lace, string. fita di kalsang .:. fikah ansia to become anxious. string for tying trousers. fita di sapatu fikah belu to age. fikah busidu to shoelace. fita di panu janela string become fed up. fikah lumi to dawn. for hanging a window curtain. flkah pau pedra to become stupefied, 2. ribbon. stunned. fikah San Simang to re main fiti§£ru n. sorcery. mestri di fitiseru silent. sorcerer. bringkah ku fltiseru to !ilan. 1. daughter. fila di puta bastard practise sorcery. tokah fitiseru to be a daughter fila keriada adopted victim of sorcery. daughter. fila onsong only daughter. !iu n. 1. strand. fiu di kabelu strand of 2. maiden .•:. fila fila pubescent. Eli hair. 2. sheet. fiu di papel sheet of ja filafi la She has reached puberty. paper. fila mina maiden, virgin. fila mina fizi!!du ad}. stabbed. bela old maid, spinster. fizgah (frizgah) v.t. to stab. filiada n. goddaughter. nauta n. flute with keys, European flute. filiadu godson. n. l floi n. « D. jluit) 1. flute without keys. fildu

Eli teng na fora He is outside. di fo ra frenti adv. arch. front. porta frenti front from outside. 3. away. Nus agora door. frenti may be treated as a noun fikah (na) fora di Melaka We live when preceded by sa or by na. na away from Malacca now. 4. outside frenti di kaza at the front of the of, in excess of. dos sentu fora in house. See dianti. excess of two hundred, two hundred freskah v.i. to commence to blow (wind), pIus .•:. jenti di fora outsiders. to freshen (wind). Bentu ta freskah forsa See fosa. The wind is beginning to blow, to freshen. forsah See aforsah. fresku 1. cool. fresh. fortidang See fotidang. ad}. 2. ! fretah 1. to hire (to or from fortuna (fotuna, fu rtuna) adv. v.I. someone). to rent (to or from fortunately, luckily. 2. 2 someone). fortuna (fotuna, furtuna) n. 1. destiny, freti Tl. 1. hire charge. rent. fate. 2. fortune, luck. 3. good luck. 2. ! frimi See firmi. foru ad). anxious. Eli ta foru kere bai bos sa kaza She is anxious to go to fritu ad}. fried. pesi fritu . your house. Bos nang foru sigih ku friu adj. cold. jenti! Don't you be anxious to follow frizgah See fizgah. what others are doing! 2 frizih v.l. to fry.• :. frizih seng azeti to foru n. bag containing stuffing of pull someone' s leg. pillow .•:. buskah foru to seek trouble. fronya n. pi 1I0w case. fosa

gabartah v.t. arch. to break up, smash chicks. galinya kateh stunted hen. up. Pedro gabartah tudu angkoza di kandri di galinya chicken meat. kaza kiora eli tokadu Pedro smashes .:. chuma galinya kereh puzah obu everything in the house when he is unsettled. drunk. �Iu n. rooster. gadah See gadrah. gamuti ad}. « Ma. gomiiti) black tarred­ 1 gadradu (gardadu) ad}. kept, saved. like rope, generally referred to as

.:. pang gadradu leftover (stale) korda gamuti, and derived from a bread. aros gadradu leftover rice. variety of palm [Bot. Borassus femi gadradu mistress. gomutus]. 2 gadradu (gardadu) n. savings. Yo sa ga!!..!!!!sa (ga!!..!!!!sia) n. 1. gain, profit.

tiu teng tantu gadradu kauzu eli 2. earnings,takings .•:. dah ganansa kainyu My uncle has a lot of savings to fa vour someone. Eli sempri dah because he is a miser. ganansa ku sa tilu, nungka dibeh eli gadrah (gadah) (gardah) v.t. 1. to keep, retu ke eradu She always favours her to retain (something). Gadrah son, never mind whether he is right or angkoza furtadu eradu Keeping wrong. stolen goods is wrong. 2. to keep, to ga!!..!!!!sia See ganansa. preserve. Achar mangga misteh ganchah v.t. 1. to clamp on (especially a botah tantu sukri kantu kereh rudder). Ganchah akeh lemi! Clamp gadrah tantu tempu You must put a the rudder on ! 2. to pin on. 3. to hook. lot of sugar in mango pickle if you 4. to grapple. want to preserve it for a long time. ga nchu n. 1. hook. 2. hinge (pin ring). 3. to keep, to remain consistent with. 3. ring of hinge. See also pregu di gadrah palabra to keep one's word. ganchu. 4. to keep, to maintain economically. gadrah dama to keep a mistress. 3. to gandola n. « Mal. gandarusa) edible save, to amass. 4. to look after. medicinal leaf [Bot. lusticia l gandarusa]. 1mgu ad}. stammering, stuttering. Yo teng ungua irmang gagu I have a ga nsa n. goose. brother who stutters. Yo kuniseh ku ga nta n. arch. « Mal. gantang) a local ungua omi gagu I know a man who measure equivalent to 3.6 kilograms. stutters. Jenti gagu trabalu intendeh ganya h v.t. 1. to earn. ganyah bida to People who stutter are difficult to earn one's living. 2. to gain. Bos nadi understand. ganyah nada judah ku eli You won't �U2 n. stutterer. Akeli gagu yo sa gain anything from helping him. 3. to primu That stutterer is my cousin. obtain. 4. to win. Lucy kiora jugah 1mlan. « Mal. galah) 1. top boom of cheki, ganyah tantu doi When Lucy gaff-rigged sail. 2. bamboo frame of plays cheki she wins a lot of money. langgiang. .:. ganyah rostu to ingratiate oneself. ganyah tempu to gain time, to galang n. « Mal. galang) frame of boat minimize time spent. Kantu nus on which the decking planks sit. komesah sedu, nus podi ganyah gali.!!du See mansebu galiadu. tempu fazeh kabah isti sibrisu If we gaUnya n. hen. galinya na choka begin early, we can save time and get brooding hen. galinya choka hen with this job fi nished. 36 Kristang-English dictionary

ru!nyu n. interest on loaned money. �tu n. cost, expense. Sa gastu di kumih ganyu to live from the interest kazamintu teng des mil fora The cost on loans. of the wedding was over ten thousand. gapeh v.t. « Mal. gapai, gapit) 1. to gatinyadu adj. crawling. krensa clasp, to grip, to hold tight. Akeh gatinyadu a child that is at the krensa ta gapeh sa mai sa mang The crawling stage. child is holding its mother's hand. gatinyah v.i. 1. to crawl, to go on all 2. to clamp. Gapeh isti pau antis di fours. Krensa-krensa prendeh furah buraku Clamp the wood before gatinyah mazanti. Kabah logu drilling the hole. prendeh andah peu Children learn to gapiah v. t. to beckon. crawl first. Later they will learn to gaJ!!du ad). 1. cramped. Isti kambra walk. 2. to creep. Albert ja gatinyah gapidu The room is cramped. di tras olah ki olotu ta fazeh Albert 2. narrow. Melaka sa rua gapidu crept from behind to see what they Malacca's streets are narrow. were doing. 3. hampering. �tu n. cat. filu di gatu, gatu sa tilu garbatah v.t. to smash up. Pedro kitten. gabartah tudu angkoza di kaza kora ga.YQlan. cage. eli tokadu Pedro smashes up ga� n. « Mal. gayong) dipper. everything in the house when he is gelang n. « Mal. gelang) bangle. drunk. �Ias n. 1. gill. gullet. gardadu See gadradu. 2. �ra Il. war. fazeh gera to wage war. gardah See gadrah. 1. 2. hostility. ga rfu n. fork. gijigtiiad j. 1. flirtatious (said of a garganta n. 1. throat. 2. neck. 3. gullet. woman). 2. frisky (said of a woman). garnel n. arch. abundance, large giliang See liang. quantity, a lot (of). Noel ja pegah gineh garnel di gragoh Noel caught a large undef Used only in bobrah gineh. quantity of shrimps. Garnel di jenti gitah See gritah. ja atindeh akeh kazamintu A lot of gitara n. guitar. people attended the wedding .•:. di 1ili!ra n. crow. garnel lots, in a large quantity, in large quantities. Yo sa kanyong glas « D. glas, E. glass) n. drinking kumih di garnel My brother eats lots. glass. ga!QPaSee garofa. glQrian. 1. glory. 2. heaven. garofa (garopa) n. grouper fish, glorifikah v. t. to glorify. Nus misteh honeycomb grouper [Zoo I. glorifikah ku Deus, ngka jenti We Ep hinephelus megachir] . must glorify God, not people. gastah v. i & v.t. 1. to spend. Ja tokah gobah v.i. & v.t. to gossip. Jenti ta gastah tantu doi kauzu di yo sa tilu gobah Cecil sa filaja fuzih People sa duenti I had to spend so much are gossiping that Cecil's daughter has money because of my son's illness. run away from home. 2. to waste. Eli sa filu gostah gastah godang See gordang. doi His son likes to waste money. Kristang-English dictionary 37

godura (gordura) 11. 1. fat. 2. fatness. grade§idu (gradi§idu) 11. 1. gratitude, 3. thickness. 4. fertilizer. Isti albi falta thanks. 2. appreciation. godura This tree lacks fertilizer. gradi 11. 1. fence. See also serkadura. gQdru (gQrd u) adj. 1. fat. 2. robust. 2. railing(s).

go�ba 11. guava. gradisidu See gradesidu.

goliat 11. « E. goliath) ruffian. gragoh 11. « Mal. geragau) shrimp (in golozu adj. greedy, gluttonous. general). gragoh finu small, fine variety [Zoo!. Acetes sp.]. gragoh gQman. gum .• nteh goma to lack :. kabalu larger variety of shrimp [Zoo!. energy. Palaemoll sp.]. gomintu (gormintu) (govamintu) n. grambola n. star fruit [Bot. Averrhoa government. See also governu. carambola] See also fruta strela. � n. « Mal. gOl1i, Mar.lK. g01;ll) sack grandeza 11. 1. arrogance, haughtiness. made from jute. See also saku. 2. greatness. gor 11. barley. agu di gor barley water. grandi (grnni)ad j. 1. big, large. 2. great. go rda adj. fe m. arch. fat. 3. old. Yo grandi di eli I am older gordang n. 1. fat person. 2. fatty, name than he is. for fat person. 2,r ani See grandi. go rdu See godru. grang ulldef See bentu di grang. gordura See godura. gmsa11. 1. grace, elegance. Maria sa fila gormintu See gomintu. teng tantu grasa kiora ta balah Maria's daughter displays a lot of gorvenah See governah. grace when she dances. 2. grace, gor!£nu See governu. benevolence, favour. Ku grasa di gostah v.t. to like .•:. gostah gostah for Deus tudu logu sai dretu With the enjoyment, for fun. Kiora Natal, nus grace of God everything will turn out jugah gostah gostah seja At all right. Christmas, we gamble for fun only. Gregu adj. Greek. papiah Gregu to talk gQta 11. drop. nggota (= ungua + gota) a unintelligibly. drop, a droplet, a small amount of a grenseng 11. « Mal. gerellseng) copper liquid. Judah dah ku yo nggota agu cauldron. Please give me a drop of water. mza 11. church. Greza Asunta govamintu See gomintu. Assumption Chapel, Praya Lane, govenah See governah. Ma1acca. go!£nu See governu. �Iu 11. 1. cricket. 2. chirping insect. governah (govenah, gorvenah) V.t. 1. to gritah (gitah) V.t. 1. to call. 2. to caJl out, govern. 2. to control. to shout. See also dah gritu, kaskah gritu. to greet (used in this sense by go.Y£!:nu (go!£nu, gor!£nu) 11. governor. 3. See also gomintu. young people). goyeba n. arch. guava. See also jambu. �tu 11. scream, shriek, yell. gro�ra adj. fe m. I. lecherous. gQzu 11. arch. contentment. Eli ta bebeh di gozu He is drinking with 2. discourteous. contentment. 38 Kristang-English dictionary

gro�ru adj. masc. i. lecherous. 2. alike. 3. equal. 4. even, level. 2. discourteous. Imprensah akeh steu di porta igual altu Fix the door posts at an even grQsu adj. 1. coarse, rough. 2. thick. height. Isti meza ngka santah igual 3. crude, unrefined. papiah grosu to be crude. 4. ill-mannered, rude. The table is not level. 5. constant. Kantu kereh dodol sai bong sa fogu grunya h V.t. arch. to admonish. to 1. 2. misteh sempri igual If you want the beat. Kiora yo ja achah sabeh yo sa dodol to tum out well, the fire must tilu fuzang di skola, yo ja grunyah always be constant. ku eli When I found out my son was igualdadi adv. equally, uniformly. OIotu truant, I beat him. igualdadi riku They are equally rich gudang 11. « Mal. gudang) godown, (one is as rich as the other). Akeh warehouse. tropa di soldadu ta andah igualdadi gu ela n. gullet. .:. dah guela to shout. The troop of soldiers is walking guentah See aguentah. uniformly.

gyla n. gluttony. kumih di gula to eat in 1kal n. « Mal. ikal) stem of coconut a gluttonous manner, to eat frond. See basora di ikal. excessively. 11a n. island .•:. Ita Grandi Pulau Besar, gumitah V.t. to vomit. gumitah kagah the main island to the south of

.•:. Bos nang bai gumitah yo Malacca. lIa Jawa Pulau Java, the sa sigredu Don't go disclosing my small island immediately off Malacca. secret. iillgra (ilarga) adv. 1. beside. 2. next gumitu n. vomit. door (to). Rita fika ilarga Rita lives next door. Jenti di ilarga ngka gurullliru n. « Mal. guroh-gerah) clap gostah juntah ranchu The people of thunder. next door don't like to mix with others.• :. ilagra ku ilagra side by side. di ilarga by the side. Yo sa muleh ku yo sempri intrah di ilarga H greza My wife and I always enter by hap unde! « E. half) See bai hap. the side of the church. he unde! See neng, neng he neng hu. ilagri See ilagra. hu unde! See neng, neng he neng hu. imbalidu See mbalidu. ilarga See ilagra.

imbigu n. navel. imbistih V.t. arch. to threaten. Kiora I Victor ja imbistih ku Francis, eli ja botah kureh When Victor threatened idadi n. 1. age. Kantu bos sa idadi? How old are you? 2. old age, old. Francis, Francis away. imbistih Yo sa pai idadi My father is old. ku punyada to threaten with a punch. imbistih ku faka to threaten with a igrih (irgil!) v.i. !. to arise, to get up knife. 2. to awake, to wake up. imfri n. suppressed anger. igual adj. i. same. Peter ku yo igual idadi Peter and I are the same age. imortal adj. immortal. Krislang-English dictionary 39

t impeh (mpeh) v.i. 1. to stand. Yo ja Inggres adj. English. 2 tokah impeh ngua bridu, nubu ja In� n. 1. English. 2. English achah intrah I had to stand for an language. hour before I could enter. 2. to stand inggulih See nggulih. in. Yo ja tokah impeh padi John I had to stand in for John. 3. to ingkantadu adj. enchanted, under a guarantee, to act as guarantor. Nang spell. t impeh kantu eli sa irmang kereh ingkantu adv. 1. arch. in an enchanted mpustah doi! Don't act as guarantor manner. 2. secretly, behind one's when her brother wants to borrow back. money! .:. fazeh impeh to stand 2 ingkantu n. arch. enchantment, (something) up. Fazeh impeh akeh incantation. skada Make the ladder stand up. ingkoliadu adv. too much. Alonso iml!idu (ml!idu) adj. standing. Yo ja ingkoliadu di dibda Alonso has too fikah impidu nalih I was leftstanding many debts. there. ingkureh V.t. to incur. ingkureh dibda impinyah See mpinyah. to incur debt, to run into debt. Eli ja impregah (mpregah) V.t. 1. arch. to ingkureh dibda kauzu eli forsa employ. 2. to repair. 3. to pawn. jugah He incurred debt because he im�u (m�gu) n. loan. gambles a lot. imprensah See mprensah. ini!!!!ga n. fe m. arch. enemy. inchadu adj. 1. bloated. Keng mureh na ini!!!igu n. enemy. agu sa korpu fikah inchadu The in�su n. insense. kaza di insensu body of a person who drowns becomes insense burner. bloated. 2. swollen. 3. puffed-up. insinah V.t. arch. to teach, to instruct. Pai .:. fikah inchadu to swell; see also mai misteh insinah ku olotu sa inflamah. Eli sa peu ta fikah familia respetu Parents must teach inchadu His foot is swelling. their children to have respect (for incheh V.I. to fil1. others). inchemintu (inchimintu) n. 1. filling. instrumintu n. 1. instrument. Leonard 2. stuffing. sabe tokah tantu instrumintu inchenti See agu inchenti. Leonard knows how to play many instruments. 2. tool, implement. inchidu (nchidu) adj. full. Kantu kereh fazeh retu kareta, bos inchimintu See inchemintu. sa instrumintu ngka chegah If you inchi n. « Mal. inchi, E. inch) inch. want to repair the car, your tools won't inda (nda) adv. 1. still. 2. yet. be sufficient. infadu adj. 1. sad. 2. worried. insultadu adj. insulted. infernah See nfernah. insultah V.t. to insult, to abuse. infernu n. hell. insultasang n. insult, abuse. inflamahV.t. to inflame, to swell. Eli sa intendeh See ntindeh. peu ta inflamahHis foot is swelling. intentadu adj. annoyed. Bos nang fazeh ingg[!!tu adj. ungrateful. ku eli intentadu! Eli sanggi kenti 40 Kristang-English dictionary

Don't get him annoyed! He is hot­ intercede. Yo misteh intrameteh blooded. kiora jenti falah mal di Kristang sa intentah v.t. 1. to annoy. 2. to provoke. lingguaza I must intercede when Nang intentah ku akeh omi dodu! people speak ill of the Kristang Eli logu dali ku bos Don't provoke language. that crazy man ! He will hit you. intregah See ntregah. interu (nteru) adj. 1. entire. 2. whole. intresmiu adv. between. interu ngua dia a whole day. Intrudu n. Kristang celebration held on .:. interu-interu entirely. the Sunday before Ash Wednesday, inti!!da(nti!!da) n. stepdaughter. involving splashing people with water inti!!du (nti!!du) n. stepson. during the day, and, in the evening, the dancing of branyo. intindeh (ntindeh) (intendeh) (ntendeh) v.t. 1. to comprehend, to understand. inya See madrinya. 2. to have knowledge of. 3. to be inyu See padrinyu. versed or skilled in a matter. in� See nzelu. l intindemintu n. 1. knowing, knowledge. lra adj. angry, irate. Jenti ki sempri ira 2. understanding. fasel tokah sanggi forsa People who intindidu n. knowledge, understanding. are always easily angered have blood­ Maski Pedru peskador, eli sa pressure problems. intindidu di pegah pesi mpoku ° 2 !ra n. anger, rage. Slee a so ralo b a Ira.° Although Pedru is a , his irgiliSee igrih. knowledge of fishing is limited. iris intrada (intradu) (rintada) n. v.t. « Mal. hiris) to slice thinly. 1. income. Yo sa filu teng bong irmang n. sibling. irmang ku irmang intrada My son has a good income. siblings. irmang bastadu stepsibling. 2. catch (of fi sh). Bong intrada? (Did irmang femi younger sister; see also you make a) good catch? 3. access, susi. irmang Kristang lit. god­ entrance. Eli sa kaza teng justu ngua brother, the child of one's god-parents. intrada His house has only one irmang machu younger brother. See entrance. 4. entrance fee. Nunka also kanyong.• :. Irmang di Greza tokah pagah intrada intrah muzium co-fraternitymem ber, member of the One doesn't have to pay an entrance Dominican confraternityfounded in fee to get into the museum. 1553 by Father Gaspar da Cruz, and which still functions in St Peter's in!mduSee intrada. Church, Malacca. intrah (rintah) v.t. 1. to enter. 2. to join Only used in an association, a club. intrah soldadu isah isah-pusah. to enlist, to join the army. 3. to isah-pusah See isar-pusah. penetrate .•:. fazeh intrah linya na isar Only used in isar-pusah. olu di agula to thread a needle. isar-pusah (isah-pusah) (pusah-isar). intrameteh v. i. 1. to interfere, to meddle. (pusah-isah) v.i. & v.t. 1. to hoist. 2. to intrude. Isti krensa sempri 2. to push and pull, to push and shove. intrameteh kiora jenti idade ta Kiora Santu Papa ja vizitah, jenti ta papiah This child always intrudes isar-pusah kereh olah ku eli When when old people are talking. 2. to Kristang-English dictionary 41

the Pope visited, people were pushing .i£ma fl. yolk of egg.

and shoving, wanting to see him. .i£!!ti n. 1. people. 2. person .•:. chuma �ka n. 1. bait. 2. enticement. jenti teng-teng like people of means. l �ti demo art. & demo pro. this. jerisang See jirisang. 2 �ti demo pro. this one .•:. Also isti .i£run. son-in-law. ungua this one. jiganti n. giant. izemplu n. arch. example. jimih v. i. to groan, to moan. jinadu adj. « Mal. jinak) 1. domesticated. 2. tame. J jinjibri fl. 1. . 2. gums .•:. jinjibri prenya gumboil. ja tma. part. already; particle marking jinjung v.i. to fast. Jenti Kristang perfective verbal aspect, which misteh jinjung na kuatafera sinza generally coincides with past events. Kristang people must fast on Ash .:. ja kabah done, already done, Wednesday. finished. !iu atheist. pagan. 1 n. 1. 2. ,!di adv. « Mal. jadi) prepared, ready. jirisang (jerisang) n. family relation. See also lesti. l 5 2 jiuv.t. « Hak. tsiou , < Hok. chhiu ) ,li!di v. i. « Mal. jadi) to happen, to 1. to mop. Kada duminggu yo sa occur. See also susedeh. irmang femi jiu kaza Every Sunday ,li!gran. palm-sugar, jaggery. my sister mops the house. 2. to ,li!ka n. [Bot. Artucapus sponge. Kiora teng febri fosa, misteh integra). jiu ku agu frio fazeh febri diseh jakairu n. wretch, pitiful wretch. When someone has a high fever, you must sponge them with cold water to jambu n. « Mal. jambu, San. jambu) make the fever decrease. guava [Bot. Psidium sp.]. See also goyeba. Ji� n. Jesus. Jizus Kristu Jusus Christ.

.i2gu gambling game . •: . jogu di jambua n. « Mal. jambua) pomelo [Bot. n. punyada a fi st-fight. grandis). 1 judah please! janela n. window. adv. 2 judah to assist, to help. ja!!£ru n. January. v.t. 1. Judeu 1. Jew. miser. jantadu n. savings. n. 2. jugadera gambler. jantung n. « Mal. jantong pisang) the n. fe m. flower of the banana palm before it jugador n. masc. gambler. bears fruit. jugah v.I. to gamble. Jammgfl. 1. Japan 2. Japanese; also jenti julgah v.t. arch. 1. to conclude, to form Japang Japanese. an opinion about something. 2. to ,li!ra n. arch. 1. jar. 2. water jar. believe. 3. to judge. jarding n. garden (of flowers). jumaria (zumbaria) n. arch. ridicule.

.:. bobu jumaria tomfoolery. ,li!ring-bawaln. « Mal. jaring bawal) deep-sea fi shing net. 42 Kristang-English dictionary juntadu adj. together. .:. flkahjuntadu Then, my father died .•:. kabah flng to live together in the same house. Na fi nally. Padri sa Chang, keng ja kazah kabalu n. horse.• :. kabalu di pau stupid taming flkahjuntadu ku olotu sa pai person. mai In the Portuguese Settlement, kabanda n. arch. 1. hut. 2. shed. when someone marries they still live together in the same house as their ka!!!ya n. traditional blouse worn by parents. Kristang women. juntah V.t. 1. to gather. 2. to assemble. kabeladu adj. hairy. 3. to associate with, to mingle, to mix kabelu n. 1. hair. See also pintelu. 2. fur. with socially. juntah mal ranchu to kabera n. 1. skull. 2. skeleton. mix with bad company. 4. to add to kabesa n. 1. head. kabesa ogka retu not juntu together. in league. adv. 1. 2. right in the head. subih na kabesa to .:. flkah juntu to be united, to go to one's head. 2. top of something. cooperate. 3. head, chief, leader, ring-leader. jurah v.i. 1. to swear, to take an oath. fazeh kabesa to take the lead. Eli ja 2. to swear, to curse. fazeh kabesa chomah ku nus He juramintu n. oath. took the lead in calling us. 4. boss. .:. kabesa di bentu 1. said of a child .i!!ri n. jury. who has been exposed to the wind and jusgsa See justisia. who has subsequently become ill. justisia (jusgsa) n. arch. 1. justice. 2. light in the head, crazy. 3. slightly 2. fairness. mentally retarded. 4. lunatic. kabesa l �tu ad}. 1. just, fair. 2. tight-fitting. di anu New Year's Eve. kabesa di 3. exact. buru fool. kabesa di kambrang fool 2 (lit. prawn head). kabesa duru �tu adv. only, just. Tengjustu dos stubborn. kabesa lebi intelligent. pesua nakeli prau There are only two kabesa na tripa gluttonous. kabesa people in that boat. .:. justu pra justu pezadu stupid, slow of learning. exactly. kebrah kabesa to rack one's brain. seng rabu kabesa meaningless, without rhyme or reason. nteh kabesa nteh rabu meaningless, without K rhyme or reason. teng dueh kabesa to have a headache. ka q. part. a particle attached to questions. seng ka? Is that so? kabi�ra n. wig. ka See kabah. kabra n. goat. kabra femi nanny-goat. ' kabra machu billy-goat. kabah v.t. I. to end. 2. to finish. 2 kabrang See karbang. kabah (ka) tma. part. completed (event or state). Kora yo ja chegah nalih, eli kachah ad}. « Mal. kacak) handsome. ja kabah sai When I arrived there he kachang n. « Mal. kacang) 1. bean. had gone out. 2. nut. 3. . 3 kabah (ka) adv. 1. after, afterwards. kachipiah See ngkachipiah. 2. then. Kabah, yo sa pai ja mureh Kristang-English dictionary 43

l kachoh v.t. « Mal. kacau) 1. to disturb. kai v.i. 1. to fall, to fall down. 2. to drop 2. to be a nuisance. 2. to stir a liquid. down, to tumble .•:. desah kai to drop kachoh cha to stir tea. kachoh kofi to (something) intentionally. fazeh kai to stir coffee. Kantu kereh dodol sai (intentionally or unintentionally) cause bong, misteh kachoh namas If you to fall. kai (na) amorozu to fall in want the dodol to tum out well, you love. kai na kama to be bedridden. must just stir it. kai na olu to come across. kai sol kachoru n. dog. tilu di kachoru pup. sunset. l 2 kachu n. loincloth used by children with kai (klai) (ki !ID'a)adv. 1. how. Kai eli hernia. Eli mistih sibrih kachu, teng ja chegah nakih? How did he get koku He has to use a loincloth, he has here? Kai ja susedeh? How did it a hernia. happen? 2. as. Kai bos ja bibeh bos 2 logu mureh As you live so shall you kachu n. bunch. dos kachu di floristwo die .•:. Kai teng? How are you? Kai, bunches of flowers. See also siseh. teng bong? Hello, how are you ! kada quant. 1. each. kada kual each keeping? Kai mesu even so. Kai one. kada ungua each one. 2. every. podi? How could it be? .:. kada bes 1. often. Yo kada bes ka!du n. arch. 1. drooping. 2. fallen. beng Melaka I often come to Malacca. 2. each time. 3. every time. ka!nya adj. fe rn. arch. stingy. Kada bes yo bai eli sa kaza, eli ta kainyu adj. stingy. drumih Every time I go to his house 11. « Mal. kajang) type of he is sleeping. pandanas mat used as roofing or 2 kada (Jillda) �da ungua) (kadungua) shading on boats or carts. adv. extreme, excessive, such a big, ka� n. 1. nut. 2. cashew fruit. what a big! Kada (ungua) mintira kakada n. laughter. akeh omi! That man is such a liar! Kada ungua pesi! What a fish! kakakiki v. i. « Mal. kakah) 1. to chuckle. 2. to talk and chuckle. kadamundu 11.carda mon. kakatua n. 1. parrot. 2. cockatoo. kadera n. 1. chair. kadera ku brasu armchair. .:. kadera meza furniture. kakus 11. « D. kakhuis) toilet. l 2. waist. 3. hips. kal inter. det. which. Kal bos kereh? kadizeh (kadi�ra) pro. arch. 1. each Which do you want? kal ungua? person. 2. each one. which? which one? .:. kal kereh whichever one (you want). Kal kereh kadi�ra See kadizeh. bos podi tomah Whichever one (you kadungua See kada. want) you may take. Z kafri n. 1. black ghost. 2. arch. black kar quant. some. Kal teng jenti ngka person .•:. pretu chuma kafri as gostah balah There are some people black as a (black) ghost. who don't like dancing. Teng kal kafrina 11. arch. a black woman. jenti ki rezah ku San Antoni There are some people who pray to Saint kagah v.i. to defecate .•:. kagah sanggi dysentery. teng kagah sanggi Anthony. 1. dysentery. 2. to have dysentery. kaladi 11. « Mal. keladi) yam [Bot. Colosasia esculenturn). 44 Kristal1g-El1glish dictiol1ary

1 kaladu ad}. 1. peaceful. 2. quiet. 3. still. raphidea and Squilla raphidea] .

•: . ketu di ketu kaladu very quiet, kambrang trigi tiger prawn [Zool. silent. Penaeus monodon]. 2 kaladu v.i. J. to be quiet. 2. to hold kamguan ad}. satisfied. one's tongue. 3. to be still. kaminya h v.i. La get away, to get a move kaldu (ID!lu) 11. . on. Beng nus kaminyah anti di kai kalichikonggyndu11. « Mal. kelicek. chua! Let's get a move on before it kelici + g0l1gg0l1g) children's game in starts raining! which balls are rolled into hollows kaminyu n. 1. path, way. na kaminyu on made in the ground. See also bola the way 2. way. 3. means. Yo nteh sa buraku. kaminyu pagah yo sa dibda I have kalki� See kalkizera. no means to pay my debts. kalki�ra (kalki�) pro. 1. anything. kamiza n. shirt. 2. anyone. 3. either, any one. kamra See kambra. 4. whichever. kana 11. [Bot. Saccharum kalkun 11. « D. kalkoel1) turkey. orricinarum] . kalma ad}. calm. karu!lya ad}. ungrateful. kalmaria 11. dead calm. kandang n. « Mal. kandang) enclosure, kalor 11. 1. heat. 2. warmth. pen for animals. kalsang fl. trousers. kalsang kumpridu kandia 11. candle. pau di kandia long trousers. kalsang kutru short candlestick. kandia altura candle of trousers. kalsang di drentu 1.5 metres height, used in church underpants. worship on Good Friday. kalsu 11. slippers. kandri (karni) 11. 1. meat. 2. flesh. 3. pulp of fruit. .:. kandri sanggi flesh kalu See kaldu. and blood, family, relative. kuma l kama 11. bed. unya ku karni inseparable. ! kama See kambra. ka!!£ka11. water flask (formerly made kambah (ngkambah) V.t. to pawn. from a gourd). kambalah (kumbalah) V.t. arch. to ka!!£la11. star-. receive someone. kambalah ku bong kangg£zu See kanggrezu. to receive (someone) well. kan�zu (karan�zu) (kan�zu) kamberu 11. pawnshop. 11. crab. kanggrezu aria blue kambra (kamra) mung bean and glutinous rice Kristang-English dictionary 45

porridge. kanji pulut pretu black kapaseti n. helmet. glutinous rice ponidge. kanji trigu kal!£lan. chapel. wheat porridge. kanji sagu sago kapi!!lun. typhoid. ponidge. kanji chacha ponidge with « Mal. kepialu) pieces of sago flour dough in coconut kapinteru (karpinteru) n. carpenter. milk andjaggery . kanji papa kapitan (kapitang)(kaptan) n. captain. rice ponidge. 2. broth. kapitang See kapitan. kan�du ad}. 1. tired, fatigued. 2. weary. kal!Qku11. « Mal. kapok) kapok. kansah v.i. 1. to tire. 2. to labour. kal!Qti nurn. nought, zero. Commonly .:. Nang kansah! Don't trouble used in jogu manila to denote zero yourself! kansah buskah to toi I and points. sweat for a living. kaptah V.t. to capture. kan�ra n. 1. toil. 2. laborious task. kaptan See kapitan. kantadera n. fe rn. arch. singer. 1 kaptang See kapitan. kantador n. singer. 2 kaptang n. bench in boat where skipper kantah V.t. 1. to sing. 2. to chant. 3. to sits. crow. kara n. 1. countenance. 2. face kan!!ga11. song .•:. kantiga di boboi (infrequently used in this sense). kara lullaby. feu ugly face. kara ku kara face to kantoras See kantu, oras. face. See also rostu .•:. kara l kantu adv. if, whether. Yo kereh sabeh dislabadu shameless. kara pusinu or kantu Pedru podi bai langgiang kara pusinyu facial expression of I want to know if Pedru can go disapproval. kara rizu smiling langgiang fishing. countenance. teng kara 1. to have the 2 nerve or the courage to do something. kantu adv. how much, how many. 2. to have the ability to do something. Kantu sa presu? How much does it Bos teng kara brigah ku eli? Do you cost? 3 have the nerve to fi ght with him? kantu adv. when .•:. ja kantu of late. karambola n. star fruit [Bot. Averrhoa Yo ja kantu nteh bontadi Of late, I cararnbola]. have no appetite. 4 karan�zu See kanggrezu. kantu n. comer. .:. kuatu kantu (a) square. karbang (kabrang) n. 1. charcoal. 2. coal. kanyong (kanyung)n. eldest brother. kanyong bastardu eldest stepbrother. kares!!a adj. 1. expensive. 2. very expensive. kruJan. carapace, shell. .:. kapa di olu eyelid. ka�ta n. I. car. 2. cart.• :. kareta fogu l 1. train. 2. locomotive. kam!du adj. castrated. 2 kargadera n. 1. pressure on the chest kam!du n. eunuch. while sleeping, resulting in difficulty kapah V.t. to castrate. in breathing. It is believed to be kalli!!!,g See bela kapang. caused by an evil spirit also called kapas ad}. 1. clever. 2. able, capable. kargadera. 2. evil spirit that causes 3. intelligent, wise. 4. expert. difficulty in breathing while sleeping. 46 Kristang-English dictionary kar�du ad}. 1. loaded. 2. replete, kaskah V.t. L. to shell. 2. to peel. 3. to abundant. 3. pressed, under pressure. skjn .•:. kaskah gritu to yell. See also dah gritu. kaskah guela to scream, kargah V.t. 1. to carry. 2. to load. 3. to yell very loudly. See also dah guela. press. 4. to charge (money) .•:. kargah bariga or kargah bariga na tabu to kaskaria ad}. miserly, tight-fisted. go to bed hungry. kargah fu la to kaspa n. dandruff. masturbate (of women). kargah presu kasta n. caste .•:. kasta basu low breed, to overcharge. Kiora Japang kumih lowly bred person. na eli sa butika, Pedru kargah presu When Japanese (tourists) eat at his kastigah V.t. 1. to punish. 2. to beat, to restaurant, Pedru overcharges. chastise, to punish physically. 3. to discipline. kari n. « Mal. kari, H. kari) curry. kas!!.gu n. I. punishment. karidadi n. charity. 2. chastisement. kari� n. termite, white ant [Zool. kataru n. 1. cold, influenza. 2. catarrh. lsoptera sp.]. kateh adj. « Mal. katek) 1. short. karni See kandri. 2. short in stature. 3. stunted. ka.tQsu n. 1. seed. 2. stone of fruit. katekizah v.i. arch. to catechize, to give 3. male genitalia, testicle .•:. karosu religious instruction. San Fransisku di olu pupil (of eye). ja beng MiHaka padi katekizah Saint karpinteru See kapinteru. Francis came to Malacca to catechize. karl!.!!sa n. 1. baby's bonnet. 2. cap. kati n. « Mal. kati) measure of weight karta See katra. (1 kati = 625 grams). kartah V.t. 1. to bear, to carry. Omi-omi kallbuad j. rnase. flirtatious. 1 numisteh kartah angkoza pezadu, katisal n. candlestick. logu diseh koku Men shouldn't carry 2 katisal ad}. badly behaved, naughty, heavy things, otherwise they will wicked. Isti krensa bong-bong develop hernias. 2. to commit. Nang katisal, nteh per sempri ta brigah kartah pekadu! Don't commit sin! ku jenti This child is really naughty, .:. kartah basah 1. to work hard. 2. to he is forever fighting with people. accept hardship, to accept thick and thi n . Yo ta kartah basah di jenti I katoh See ketoh. accept thick and thin from people. katozi See katorzi. •:. kartah falsu to tell an untrue story. katorzi (katozi) nurn. fourteen. karu ad}. costly, dear, expensive. katra (karta) n. 1. letter. 2. card. karta ka�ba n. tapioca. pakau deck of playing cards. karta di l kasang n. 1. coffin. 2. trunk. jogu or karta jugah gambling card . 2 •:. karta falsu 1. an anonymous kasang 11. shark [Zool. Scoliodon sp]. defamatory letter. 2. to write ka�nya (ka�nya di doi) n. box used to anonymous defamatory letters. collect money during church service. kauzu n. 1. cause, business, matters. Ki kaska n. 1. shell (of a crab, an egg, a nut, teng jenti gostah intrameteh jenti sa etc.). 2. peel. 3. husk. 4. skjn. kobra kauzu There are people who like to sa kaska snakeskjn. 5. bark. put their noses into other people's business. 2. reason, motive. akeh Kristang-English dictionary 47

kauzu because of that, therefore. kelotah v.t. « Mal. kelotak) to remove Akeh kauzu, eli ngka bai kaza the flesh from the inner shell of the Because of that, he didn't go home. eli coconut. sa kauzu because of him. kauzu di ke!lli!du adj. 1. burned. 2. scorched. because of. ki kauzu why. Ki kauzu? ] kemah v. i. 1. to bum. 2. to combust, to Why? What is the matter? tomah be on fire. 3. to feel a burning kauzu to take an interest in. sensation. kaza n. 1. house. 2. abode, dwelling. 2 kemah v.t. 1. to (cause to) bum. 2. to .:. kaza potra home, household. kaza (cause to) scorch. 3. to cause a burning di butang buttonhole. kaza di sensation. chongka board containing sixteen circular hollows used in bringkah keneh See keninu. 1 chongkah; see chongka. kaza di keng inter. pro. who? Keng teng nalih? siput snail-shell. Who is there? Keng eli? Who is kazadu adj. married. he/she? 2 kazah v.t. 1. to marry. 2. to get married. keng rei. pro. 1. who. keng is rare in 3. to combine with, to go with, to this function. See ki. 2. the one who, match. Isti kabaya podi kazah ku isti who, whoever. Keng ja fazeh isti sarong This kabaya can be matched rnistehpagah Whoever did this must with this sarong .•:. dah kazah to pay. Keng kereh podi rintah na matchmake. greza Whoever wants to can enter the church .•:. keng-keng anybody, kazamintu n. marriage. anyone. Keng-keng podi balah ke disj. or. dos kc tres two or three. Anybody can dance. keng sa whose. kebradu adj. 1. broken. 2. fractured. kcninu (keneh) (pekeninu) adj. small. 3. ruptured. 4. wrecked. 5. dismantled. .:. ngka keninu grandi mas very big. •: . kebradu lezadu broken down. kentah v.t. 1. to heat. 2. to warm. kebrah v.t. 1. to break. 2. to fracture. kenti adj. hot. 3. to rupture. 4. to wreck. 5. to dismantle. 6. to break (a promise, kepoh 11. « Mal. kepuk) box. one's word, etc.). kebrah palabra to kerah (krah) 11. « Mal. kerak) food break one's word, to break one's stuck to the bottom of the pot after promise. kebrah seng to break off a cooking.

matrimonial engagement. . . kebrah : kerang (krang) n. « Mal. kerang) kabesa 1. mentally demanding. 2. to cockle [Zool. Al1adara granosa and study. kebrah korpu to lose weight. Area granosaJ. kebrah korsang heart-breaking. kebrah kosta back-breaking. kebrah kereh (keh) v.t. 1. to want, to wish, to olu blunt; see also tompol. kebrah desire. Ki sa kauzu bos kereh largah osu to toil. kebrah sonu to lose sleep. sibrisu? Why do you want to leave your job? See also nggeh. 2. need. ked a n. bruise, bruising. .:. Ki bos sa kereh? What is your keh See kereh. wish? kelda 11. « D. kelder) tombstone. keri!!da (kri!!da) adj. fe m. 1. reared. keleh See kleh. 2. adopted. See fila keriada. 48 Kristang-English dictionary keri!!du (kri!!du) ad). mase. 1. reared. kintafera 11. Thursday. 2. adopted. See filukeriadu .•:. bong kintal n. compound, yard. kriadu well-bred, well-mannered. mal kinyang n. portion, share. Maski nus bai kriadu ill-bred, insolent, rude. mar dos pesua, (mas) yo sa kinyang keriah (kriah) V.t. to rear. nsuku seja Although two of us go ke�da n. jaw .•:. denti kesada molar, fi shing, my share is is just a quarter. wisdom tooth. fichah kesada (ficha .:. kinyang di on behalf of. Yo ja kesadu) (pichah kesada) (pichah beng naki kinyang di Maria I came kesadu) to have lockjaw, to have a fit; here on Maria's behalf. see also achah biramintu, subi duro. kinzi num. fifteen. kesu n. court case. kiQra See kora. ketal n. « E. kettle) kettle. kisah adv. perhaps. Kisah 10 kai chua ketoh v. t. « Mal. ketok) to knock. ketoh Perhaps it will rain. potra to knock at the door. ki!!:ra undef ki kizera whatever. kal kezu n. . kizera whatever. ngka kizera ketiah n. « Mal. ketiak) armpit. See extremely. bodi. klai (kai) (ki !!!va) adv. 1. how? Klai bos l ki inter. pro. what? Ki bos kereh? What ja rintah? How did you get in? do you want? .:. Ki kauzu? What is 2. how. Yo nsabeh klai eli ja rintah the matter? What is it? Ki nasang? I don't know how he got in. How are you? How are things? Ki klara (klaru) n. eggwhite. klara di obu sorti? How are you? How are things? eggwhite. 2 ki rei. pro. 1. that, which. Akeh fruta ki klareza n. 1. clarification. 2. explanation. bos ja komprah podri The fruit that dah klareza to explain .•:. teng you bought is rotten. 2. who. Akeli klareza it is clear, it is evident. Teng omi ki bos ja olah yo sa pai The man klareza eli ja fazeh It is clear that he you saw is my father.• :. ki-ki did it. anything, whatever. Ki-ki podi klaru 1 See klara. Anything will do. Ki-ki susedeh nang 2 clear. falah Whatever happens, don't say klaro ad). 3 (anything). klaru adv. clearly. Yo ja olah eli klaru ja kazah I could see that he was ke con). arch. that. Maria lembrah ki clearly mamed. eli sa pai ja bai mar Maria thinks that her father went fishing. klava n. club (playing card). kifoi adv. 1. why? Kifoi bos ja beng kleh (keleh) v.i. « Mal. keleh) to blink. kaza Why did you come home? Yo sa olu ta keleh-keleh. Sertu logu 2. why, the reason why. Yo sabeh ngkontrah jenti ki yo ngka olah kifoi bos ja beng kaza I know why tantu tempu My eyes are blinking you came home. constantly. Surely I will meet someone kila n. keel. who I haven't seen for a long time. kleh olu to wink; see also brinkah kincha n. « Mal. kinca) jam made from olu. Vincent gostah kleh olu ku minced pineapple and used as fi lling femi-femi Vincent likes to wink at for tarts. girls. Kristang-English dictionary 49

J 4 kletura n. human being. kolau n. arch. « Can. kou lau ) open- klompu 12. arch. « D. klomp) clogs. See air Chinese restaurant. also chakiah. kol.£!m!!v. L to bubble; said of a boiling

klor n. colour. liquid. kolera 12. cholera. See also gumitah -koba n. 1. grave. 2. tomb .•:. benzeh koba 1. to bless graves. 2. the blessing kagah. of the graves (on All Saints' Day). kolu 12. lap. Petu chegah benzeh koba, jenti komandah V.t. to command. Kristang fazeh limpu koba Close to komentah V.t. to comment, to pass All Saints' Day, the Kristang people remarks. will clean up around the graves. komesah (komensah) V.t. to begin. kobis n. cabbage. komesu n. beginning, commencement, kobra n. snake. kobra kapelu cobra. ;;rt. di komesu ati flng from the - kobra madera python .•:. chuma beginning to the end. kobra trukah peli a turncoat. komigu pro. arch. with me; this word is kobri n. copper. found in traditional verse only. koda See kada. kompanyah V.t. 1. to accompany, to go kodra (korda) n. 1. cord. 2. rope. korda with. 2. to keep company. 3. to gamuti rope treated with tar; see accompany musically. 4. to chaperone. gamuti. 3. string. 4. string of musical .:. kompanyah motri to accompany a instrument. funeral . kodrah (kordah) V.t. to awaken kompanyera n. fe m. 1. chaperone. someone. 2. companion. kodradu awake. Sebastian nenang adj. kompa!!.Yiru n. masc. 1. chaperone. kodradu inda Sebastian isn't awake 2. companion (usually a fi shing yet. partner). kofl 11. « D. koffie, E. coffee) coffee. komparah V.t. to compare. koka See santah koka. komparasang n. comparison. · koitadu adj. 1. poor, pi tiful. komplemintu See komplimintu. 2. miserable, unfortunate. 2 komplimintu (komplemintu) Il. koitadu into poor fe llow ! 1. invitation. 2. compliment. 3 koitadu V.t. to pity, to feel komprah V.I. to buy. komprah baratu to compassionate sympathy for, to be buy cheaply. komprah dibda to buy sorry for. on credit. komprah karu to buy -koku n. 1. coconut. 2. hernia.diseh koku expensively. komprah sigunda mang to get a hernia. Eli ja diseh koku He to buy second-hand. got a hernia. komsah V.t. to confess. koku� (korku�) (kruku� komu See chuma. n. « Mal. kuku + ? E. pin) hairpin for komun� v.i. to take Holy kondeh. Communion. kola n « E. collar) collar. komunyang Il. communion. 50 Kristang-English dictionary

kondeh (kundeh) n. « Mal. kundai) 1. to take care of, to look after. 2. to traditional hair-bun. take notice. kondelli!du See konenadu. kontah V.t. 1. to count. 2. to relate, to tell. kondi (kondi kondah) n. « Mar. ko'}dz, .:. kontah bida to gossip. kontah ko'}(jii) children 's game wherein a stori to converse. kontah potra short stick is made to stand by person who habitually goes from inserting it slightly into the ground and house to house chatting. subsequently striking it with a longer kontemplah V.t. 1. to contemplate. 2. to stick. The objective is to hit the small consider. 3. to meditate, to muse. stick as far as possible. As one player kontiah (kontriah) V.t. 1. to argue. 2. to retrieves the small stick, the others call contradict. out kondi kondah. See also bringkah gala. kontiasang (kontriasang) (kontrasang) n. 1. argument, dispute. Ja sai konenadu 1 adj. troublesome. kontriasang An argument occurred. 2 konenadu n. nuisance. 2. contradiction. konfe� n. arch. confessor. kontinah V.t. Lo continue. konfi!du adj. trusting. kontra adv. 1. against. 2. contrary to. konfi!du 11. 1. confidence. 2. trust. kontrasang See kontiasang. .:. mal konfi!du dishonest. kontriasang See kontiasang. konfiah V.t. to believe. to trust. 3. to 1. 2. kontrisang n. contrition. commit to. kon!!illtu n. arch. convent. konfiill!sa 11. 1. confidence. 2. trust. 3. belief, faith. 4. hope. konu n. vagina. See also fula. konfirmah V.t. to confirm. AillPas n. hearts (playing card). konfomi adv. no wonder. AillPi n.( < D. kopje) cup. kopi piring cup and saucer. konsidah (konsiderah) V.I. to consider. AillPral n. « E. corporal)corporal konsagrah See sagrah. (military rank). konsagrasang See sagrasang. kora (kiQra) (ki Qra) adv. when. konselah V.t. to advise, to counsel. korasang See korsang. konselasang n. advice, counsel. kOn!ziad j. pampered. kon�lu n. 1. advice, counsel. advisor. 2. korbinya n. croaker fish [Zool. konsidah (konsiderah) V.t. 1. to Sciaenidae). consider, to ponder, to re flect. to 2. korda See kodra. take into account, to take into consideration. kordadu adj. awake. kordah See kodrah. konta n. account .:. botah konta 1. to assume. 2. to total up (an account). kordisih (kudisih) V.t. 1. to be aware of. dah konta to give an account of, to 2. to recognize. See also kuniseh. relate. matah konta to pay one's koreh V.t. « Mal. korek) 1. to dig. 2. to credi t account. sa konta according to, dig out. 3. to tunnel. on account of. eli sa konta according konmta num. forty. to him, on his account. tomah konta Kristang-English dictionary 51

ko�mu n. Lent. wages, time, etc.). 3. to remove by korlas n. anger. subih korlas to be cutting. 4. to divide a pack of cards. enraged, to become infuriated. .:. kortah conta 1. to reduce an account. 2. to offset costs. kortah korpu �pu) n. 1. body. 2. physique. ponta to circumcize . •:. dos korpu pregnant; see also prenya. kebrah korpu to lose weight. kortah kuzeh See kuzeh. matah korpu to commit suicide. korti n. city, town. Jenti di korti sa andasang difrenti di jenti di bairn korsang (korasang) n. 1. heart. 2. feeling, sentiment. 3. term of City people behave differently from endearment. 4. type of broach for village people. fastening the kabaya .•:. di fundu di ko!!!a n. arch. crown. korsang from the bottom of one's koruah V. I. to crown. heart. di korsang from the heart. di koruasang n. coronation. tudu korsang with all one's heart. dos korsang uncertain, undecided. kosi n. kick. dah kosi to kick. korsang alegri happy-natured. kosong ad). « Mal. kosong) empty. See korsang animu brave, daring. also nteh nada. korsang bafadu downhearted, sad, kosta n. 1. back. kosta ku kosta back to worried. korsang bong kind-hearted. back. 2. shoulder.• :. kosta di mang korsang duru hard-hearted. korsang the back of the hand. fraku feeble-hearted. korsang grandi big-hearted, kind-hearted. korsang kostiah V.t. to travel around. kostiah keninu petty. korsang kenti short­ mundu to travel around the world. tempered. korsang kurtu easily kotrah See kortah.

offended, sensitive. korsang largu koza n. thing. See also angkoza.• :. ki kind-hearted. korsang limpu pure in koza (ki kozi) (koza) (kozi) such a, heart, sincere. korsang mal evil­ what a; generally used together with hearted. korsang moli compassionate. with di. Ki koza di rayu ungua korsang podri unkind. korsang krensa! What a naughty child! satisfetu satisfied at heart. Eli .:. Teng koza pa fikah raiba? Is there korsang satisfetu He feels satisfied. reason to become angry? korsang susegadu contented at heart. kozi See koza. korsang trusidu dishonest, insincere. lonzi di bista, lonzi di korsang out of krabu n. 1. . 2. earring. sight, out of mind. krah See kerah. kortadu ad). cut. krensa n. 1. baby. 2. child. krensa di leti kortadura (kotradura) (kortradura) n. child still weaning. krensa di medra physical appearance. Eli sa kotradura impertinent child, a 'pup'. krensa justu justu eli sa pai He looks just femi 1. baby girl. 2. girl. krensa like his father. machu 1. baby boy. 2. boy. kortah (kotr!!h) V.I. 1. to cut. kotrah dos kresta (krista) n. crest of a rooster. to cut in two, to split. kortah lezah to kri!!da See keriada. cut and split. Pai ta kortah lezah kri!!du See keriadu. lenya Father is cutting and splitting kriah See keriah. firewood. 2. to reduce by cutting (e.g. hair, etc.). 3. to reduce (e.g. price, 52 Kristang-English dictionary

kriseh v.i. 1. to grow. 2. to increase in human object). Eli ja bai ku padri He volume, to expand, to swell. 3. to went to the priest. 2 increase in height, to rise. 4. to sprout. ku con). 1. and. Maria ku Anna ta 5. to take root. prendeh kantah Maria and Anna are kri�da n. young girl in early teens. learningto sing. 2. with. Yo ja bai krista See kresta. mar ku yo sa pai I went fishing with my father. Kristang n. 1. Christian. 2. person of Malacca Creole Portuguese descent. kuachi n. « Mal. kuaci) dried 3. the Malacca Creole Portuguese watermelon seed. language. See also Papiah Kristang. kuadru n. arch. picture frame. Kristanru!!di n. . kual See kada kual. krol « D. krul) Used only in marah kualidadi n. 1. kind, sort. 2. quality. krol to tie up the hair. kuatru See kuatu. kronchi n. white and « D. kroentje) 1. kuartafera n. Wednesday. silver mitre-shaped symbol which is .•. hung above doors of the key kuatu (kuatru) num. fOUf : kuatu participants in a Kristang marriage: kantu rectangular, square. the noiba and nuibu, the two marah kubisah v.t. 1. to admire. 2. to covet. kronchi, the kumadri and the kubi§2zU ad). 1. covetous. 2. envious. kumpadri. 2. king crab, beetle crab or kubi!Q!(kubrid or) n. 1. cover, lid. horseshoe crab [Zool. Carcinoscorpius 2. abettor, person who shares rotundicauda]. Also known as another's secret involving karanggezu kronchi or blangkas. wrongdoing. krua adj. raw .•:. panu krua unsown kubridor See kubitor. cloth. kubrih v.t. 1. to cover. 2. to clothe. kruel adj. cruel. .:. panu kubrih blanket. krus n. cross .•:. fazeh krus to swear. Yo kuchikah v. i. to chuckle. fazeh krus nadi papiah ku eli I swear I'll not speak to him. kudidi n. « Mal. kedidi) sandpiper [Zool. Actitis hypoleucos}. krusifikadu ad). arch. crucified. kudih v.t. to revive someone who has krisifikahv.t arch. to crucify. fainted, choked or drowned. krusi!1su n. arch. crucifix. kudisih See kordisih. kru!!!du ad). arch. crossed, folded. kudi�du n. recognition. mang kruzadu folded hands. peu kruzadu cross-legged. kuentu n. seed. 1 ku (kum) (kung) prep. 1. functions as kuh fl. arse, buttocks. olu di kuh anus. an accusative marker, indicating buraku di kuh anus .•:. biziah kuh di human and higher animate jenti to mind other people's business, grammatical objects. Eli ja olah ku yo to pry. Eli ja birah kuh ja bai He left He saw me. 2. to (a benefactor or abruptly. sigih kuh di jenti to imitate recipient). Yo ja bendeh akeh prau others. ku eli I sold the boat to him. 3. to (a kuidadu n. care. biziah kuidadu to be careful. Kristang-English dictionary 53 kukinya n. coconut in first of three pension, salary or welfare. 2. to earn a stages of growth. See also lanya, living. kumih palabra to eat one's koku. words. kukis 11. « D. koekjes) cake. kuminyu 11. cummin. kuku 11. cuckoo bird. [Zoo/. Celltropus kumiria 11. food.

sp., Phaellicophaeus sp.] kumQ.!!dri 11. male sponsor of the groom kukus v.t. « Mal. kukus) to sleam food. at a Kristang wedding. kuleh (ku!!l!)11. 1. spoon. kuleh di cha kumpridang n. length. teaspoon. 2. ladle. 3. trowel. kuml!!!du adj. long. kuler See kuleh. kumprih v.t. 1. to fulfil. 2. to abide by. kuli.!!re 11. brown skin on outside of flesh kumulgah (kumungrulli) v.i. to take of coconut. Holy Communion. kuli 11. « E. coolie. G. k6ti. T. kuli) kumun� See kumulgah. coolie, labourer. l kung See ku . kulpa 11. 1. fault. 2. blame. 3. mistake. kunisang 11. 1. temperament. 2. character. See also eradu. .:. bong kunisang of good chacter, kulpah v.I. to accuse, to blame. good-hearted, kind. mal kunisang 1 kum See ku . selfish, unkind. kuma See chuma. •:. Kuma ki? How? kuniseh v.t. 1. to know, to be acquainted In what way? with. 2. to recognise .•:. kuniseh di ku!!!.!!dri 11. female sponsor of the bride bista to know by sight. at a traditional Kristang wedding. kunsintidera 11.le m. abettor. kumbalah See kambalah. kunsintidor n. masc. abettor. kumbateh v.t. to contest. kunsintih v.t. 1. to abet. 2. to acquiesce. kumih v.t. 1. to eat. 2. to consume. Akeh kunsintimintu n. 1. abetting. praia ja kumih (di) agu The beach 2. acquiescence. was eroded by the sea. Nus sa kaza ja kuntenti ad). 1. content, glad, pleased. kumih (di) fogu Our house was 2. contented, satisfied. 3. agreeing burned down .•:. dah kumih 1. to kuntentimintu 11. 1. pleasure. feed. 2. to fe te. 3. to sacrifice a piece 2. contentment, satisfaction or a card in a game .•:. Eli ja kumih tres maridu She outlived three kunya (ynya) 11. wedge-shaped foot of husbands. Eli kimih bistidu She looks langgiang pole. good in any clothes. kumih bentu to kunyada II. sister-in-law. stroll, to promenade, to get some fresh kunyadu n. brother-in-law. air. kumih di lesti to eat without having to work for it. kumih doi to kunya l v.t. « Mal. kunyah) to chew, to take bribes. kumih fogo to deny munch (said of young children or old vehemently. kumih ganyu to live off people who have no teeth). the interest from money lending. kura n. cure .•:. tomah kura to undergo kumih olu to sleep. kumih osu to re ly treatment. on somebody else to do your work. kureh v.i. 1. to run. 2. to flow .•:. kureh kumih paga 1. to subsist on pay, ganyu to lend money on interest. 54 Kristang-English dictionary

kureh ku manya to be up to tricks. L kureh tras di jenti to follow others, to copy others. labah V.t. to wash .•:. labah korpu (labah kopu) (Iapoku) 1. to bathe, ku�ti n. l. necklace. 2. current, take a bath. to go for a swim. movement of current. 2. labalaba 11. spider. kurtu See kutru. « Mal. laba-Laba) See also raranya, spaida. ku!!!zu n. owl. labangka See alabangka. kusa adj. itchy. kusa-kusa itch. labeh (laber) v.i. 1. to sail. 2. to travel by ku�ra n. itch. boat. .:. Bai labeh! Get lost! kuspi n. spittle. laber See labeh. kusl!!hv.i. to spit. .:. Kuspih na seu kai labor n. arch. emboidery, needlework. na rostu provo (lit. If you spit upwards into the air, the spittle will fal l on your labradisa face.) People who live in glass houses labrah v.i. to work the soil. shouldn't throw stones. labutah V.t. 1. to care for, look after. 2. to kustah (skutah) V.t. to stare. 2. to take pains over. 3. to toil. examine, to scrutinise .•:. kustah lachi n. « D. laatje) drawer. ubida to eavesdrop. kustah boka ladrang n. robber, thief. (skutah boka) to stare at someone who is eating. ladrah v. i. to bark .•:. Kachoru ladrah 1 nadi mudreh provo Barking dogs kustumi adj. accustomed. don 't bite. kustume n. 1. custom. 2. habit. .:. fazeh laga h See largah. kustumi to make a habit of. la�ta n. lobster [Zoo!. Panulirus kustura n. 1. sewing, stitching. kuzeh penicillatus] . kustura to sew. kortah kuzeh to sew. 2. needlework. 3. seam. lagrah See largah. kutang n. « Mal. kutang) brassiere. lagratu See largatu. 1 kutru (kurtu) ad). short. lagn:za adv. lavishly. Tempu trabalu l mpodi gastah largeza In difficult kuzadadi adj. attentive. 2 times one should not spend lavishly. kuzadadi n. curiosity. 2 lagn:za n. lavishness. kuzeh V.I. 1. to cook. 2. to sew. kuzeh lagri n. tear. kustura to sew. lagru See largu. kuzinya h v. i. to cook. lah emph. « Mal. Lah) a particle kuzinye ra n. fe rn. cook. emphasising the word which it kuzinye ru n. rnasc. cook. fo llows.

!!!ya n. kind, type .•:. ki laya; see also kai. laya-Iaya all kinds of; see also bera sorti. lakar n. « Mal. lekar) bamboo basket in which cooking pots are placed when taken off fire. Kristang-English dictionary 55 la.i!!! adv. « Mal. lajak) hurriedly, grateful. lantah peu to avoid work. quickly. Andah lajah! Walk quickly! lantah sistamunya to slander. lantah saudi to drink a toast, to raise a toast. lakri n. sealing-wax. lantah nobas 1. to gosip. 2. one who lama n. mud. lama soltu mud which gossips. lantah stori 1. to gossip. 2. a rises and floats on the surface of the gossip. 3. to spread untruths. sea. lanya n. coconut still at young unripe lambeh to lick. v.t. stage. lampu n. lamp. laoh 11. « Mal. lauk) any food which is lamiadu n. muddy spot. accompanied by rice. Landes adj. Dutch. jenti Landes laranja n. orange. Dutchman. tera Landes Holland. laras n. « Mal. laras) piece of ti mber. lanfa n. « D. lamfer) mourning-band of lar2,!du ad}. 1. freed, let loose. black ribbon worn on left arm. 2. abandoned. 3. separated, estranged. lang n. « Mal. lang) eagle. Also lang Antoni ku eli sa muleh ja fikah abiang eagle .•:. chuma lang abiang largadu Anthony and his wife are observant. separated. lan� v.t. « Mal. langgar) to collide largah (Iagah) (lagrah) v.t. 1. to leave. with, to knock against. .:. langgah 2. to depart (from). 2. to free, to let go, basah to go against the wishes of to let loose .•:. largah bafamintu to someone, to thwart authority. Eli share one's problems (with someone). sempri langgah basah ku sa mai He Eli ta largah bafamintu ku Antoni always goes against his mother's will. He is sharing his problems with lan� n. « Mal. langgai) push-net Antoni. largah braga to leave a for catching prawns and shrimp. burden (with someone). largah di mang 1. to let go of, to relinquish. lansa n. arch. lance. 2. to have nothing to do with. largah lans:ta 11. lancet. agudu chuma lanseta di tras 1. to leave behind. 2. to forget as sharp as a lancet. (to bring) something. largah maridu lantadu ad}. 1. rai sed. 2. offended, not on to di vorce or to separate from a speaking terms. •: . lantadu di kabesa husband. largah muleh to divorce or fi ctitious. Akeh stori lantadu di separate from a wi fe . largah pregisa kabesa That story is made up. to stretch when yawning. largah bela lantah v.t. 1. to lift. lantah pingga to unfurl a sail. nadi largah adeus lingga to carry a balanced load from will not leave be. largah tera to leave each end of a pole placed across the the country. largah tratu to burden shoulders. 2. to lift up, to raise. lantah someone (with something). presu to raise the price. lantah kaza larru!tu (Iagratu) 11. crocodile .:. sly to build a house, to erect a house. 3. to person. set upright. .:. lantah bala to bear a lar�za See lagreza. burden. lantah bola to ingratiate largu ili!gru)1 ad}. wide. korsang largu oneself. lantah di kabesa to lie, ki nd-hearted. invent a story. lantah falsu to lie. lantah kabesa to prosper. lantah !ill:gu ili!gru)2 n. width. mang ku Deus to thank God, to be larguentadu ad}. covered (e.g. in blood). 56 Kristang-English dictionary

larjillra n. width. leti n. milk .•:. leti di baka cow's rmlk. leti di koku coconut rmlk. leti dosi laska n. splinter of wood. sweetened condensed rmlk. lastru n. noose. letori n. shrine for statuettes of saints in lata can. n. Kristang houses; usually in the form of latah v.i. « Mal. latah) to become a small shelf on an inside wall of the hysterical at the slightest provocation. house. latizah v.i. to ache. !!:tran. 1. writing. 2. letters of the lauh See laoh. alphabet.

lebah v.t. J. to carry, to bear. 2. to carry letura n. 1. education. 2. literacy. nteh away. 3. to guide, to take someone letura illiterate. somewhere. le�du See kebradu.

!!:biad j. light in weight. liang n. lion .•:. arch. giliang lion(s). leche undef Used only in leche peu to librah v.t. 1. to free, to set free. 2. to save slip. from. lei n. arch. 1. law. 2. religion. limang n. lime. limang galega lemon. lembrah v. t. 1. to remember. 2. to limiti n. limit. recollect. 3. to think. lembrah ku limill!du adj. 1. cleaned. 2. peeled, kabesa to think carefully. skinned. •:. lembrah-Iembrah as far as I can remember. Iimpah v.t. 1. to clean. See also rai limpu. 2. to peel, to skin. 3. to wipe. lembransa n. 1. thought. 2. opinion. 4. to clear (grass, scrub, etc.). 5. to 3. memory. 4. souvenir. clean someone out, to take someone's lembrasang n. 1. thought. 2. opinion. money.

lemi n. rudder. lemi chawat standard limpu adj. clean .•:. Iimpu broke, rudder with hinge pivots attached in cleaned out, out of money. fikah centre of poop. lemi panggayu a limpu to become completely broke. single oar used as a rudder. !i!!igu n. 1. tongue. 2. language .•:. na lengkuas n. « Mal. lengkuas) aromatic ponta di Iinggu on the tip of one's variety of ginger [Bot. Alpinia tongue. linggu agudu sharp-tongued. galanga}. Iinggu di agu the water's edge. linggu lensu n. handkerchief. kurtu tied tongue, speech impediment. lenya n. firewood. �da n. sale fish [Zoo!. Euryglossa lenyeh v.t. « Mal. lenyek) to mash. orientalis, Synaptura orientalis and les v.I. « D. Zezen) to read. les rosa-fosa Cynoglossus lingua]. to read aloud. les skribeh to read and linggusteru n. interpreter. write. l Iin�za n. language. lesti adv. prepared, ready. 2 !inyan. thread. agula ku Iinya needle lesti adj east, easterly. bentu lesti and thread. easterly wind. 3 Iisang n. lesson. lesti adv. east. Ii�sa (Ii�sia) n. leave, perrrussion. letang n. piglet. Kristang-English dictionary 57

Iista n. list. M loba n. robe used by priest or nun. l 1 ma See mas. !2gu (10) tma. part. 1. shall, will. Yo 2 logu bai kaza I shall/will go home. ma Il. mummy, mother, familiar term of 2. would. Yo nteh doi, mas kantu yo address. See also maio teng doi, yo logu bai Australia I have machadu n. axe. l no money, but if I had money I would !!y!chu n. 1. male person or animal. go to Australia. 2. boy .•:. machu femi transvestite. 2 2 !2gu adv. later, presently. Logu, keng machu adj. male. fazeh kukis olotu bai bendeh kaza­ machukah v.t. to crush. kaza Later, those who make go and sell them from house to house. madera Il. 1. timber. 2. log .•:. kobra •:. di logu mesu there and then. madera python . loi adj. « D. lui) lazy. madrasta n. stepmother. loitah v.i. to laugh and play. madrinya unya) (nyah) n. godmother. lona n. canvas. maduru adj. 1. ripe. 2. mature. l .:. Kabah bebeh sura na butika, yo lonzi adj. distant, far away, remote. 2 sa irmang ja fikah maduru After lonzi adv. afar, far. di lonzi from afar. drinking toddy at the shop, my brother lonzi di bista out of sight. lonzi mbes became drunk. furthest. mas lonzi further. magru (margu) adj. lean, slim, thin. losa adj. 1. enamelled. basiu losa maguadu adj. tired, worn out. enamelled plate. 2. glazed. maguah v.t. 1. to beat, to thrash. 2. to tell lubar n. praise. Eli kumih lubar He off soundly. lives on praise. mai Il. mother.• :. fazeh mai to knead lugah n. place .•:. lugah di krensa or dough. mai di chabi lock. mai di lugah parih womb. dedu thumb. mai di diabudesa lukis n. « Mal. lukis) gambling game sorceress. mai di pilang grinding played by tossing coins at a line drawn stone, mortar. mai pai (also pai mai) on the ground. parents. lumi n. light. mainata n. arch. washerwoman. See also lumiah v.t. 1. to mention. 2. to remind. muleh labah ropa. lundu n. catfish [Zool. Arius thalassil1us maka.!!!!!ku 11. affairs, business.

and Tachysurus thalassinus]. mal adj. bad .•:. mal boka person who lunga 11. moon. diseh lunga 1. to wane. cannot keep a secret. mal kustumi 2. waning moon. rude. mal kriadu ill-bred. lunga du adj. arch. lunatic. malandru n. arch. rogue, scoundrel.

Ius fl. light. MalliJ'u n. Malay. See also Natibu. malebadu adj. ill-bred. See also mal kriadu.

malfoma 11. 1. pagan. 2. atheist. maliduensa n. affliction. 58 Kristang-English dictionary

malisang n. curse. who becomes physically violent at the slightest provocation. mang podri malisian. lust. Antoni ta renah malisia Antoni is having lustful thoughts. butterfingers. teng na mang to have in one's possession, to have within one's malisioza lecherous, lustful. adj.fem. power. lantah mang to give up. malisiozu adj. masc. lecherous, lustful. lantah mang ku Deus to give thanks malisuah V.t. to curse, to swear. to God, to be grateful. malita 11. 1. whitlow, infection of the mangga n. « Mal. mangga, T. miinkiiy) fi ngertip. 2. infected wound, mango. especially as result of a splinter or a manwra n. arch. mango tree [Bot. thorn. Mangife ra indica]. See also albi malsi!!Aduad j. ill mannered, rude. mangga. malsombradu haunted. manila n. 1. trumps card game. See also bringgkah baza, brinkah manila, maltratah V.t. to abuse, to mistreat. jogu manila. 2. card of nine in the !lli!ma 11. breast. biku di mama teat. jogu manila. mambes adv. again. maniora adv. 1. after, afterwards. ma�nus (mas �nus) adv. 2. later. 3. in a little while, soon. approximately, more or less. mansebadu adj. typical of a bachelor. mancha 11. stain, blotch. See bida mansebadu. manchah V.t. 1. to stain. 2. to blemish. mansebu n. 1. bachelor. 2. young man. 3. to soil. mansebu galiadu handsome or gallant bachelor. mandadu 11.order. mandah V.t. 1. to send. 2. to order . !lliU!su adj. gentle, meek. •:. mandah retu (mandah dretu) man�ga n. butter.

true, that's true. !lli!nya n. obsession .•:. Eli teng manya mandamintu n. commandment. di korsang He has a heart problem. Dez Mandamintu the Ten kureh ku manya to be up to tricks.

Commandments. mar Il. ocean, sea. mandor foreman. n. man!du1 adj n. tied .•:. maraliadu tied manduku n. toad. and bound. ma!!£ran. 1. manners. 2. behaviour. man!du2 n. 1. knot. 2. a tied bundle. 3. way. maradu di lenya bundle of firewood . maneseh v.i. arch. to dawn. Dia pertu •: . maradu liadu (maraliadu) tied pertu kereh maneseh The day is and bound. about to dawn. See also subih sol. marah V.t. 1. to tie. 2. to fasten. 3. to

moor. . . marah bariga to economize. mang Il. 1. hand. mang dretu right hand. : mang skerdu left hand. 2. hand and marah boka to force to be quiet. forearm. siku di mang elbow. marah kelda to make a tombstone for .:. mang abertu generous. mang the deceased. marah krol hair tied in fichadu miserly, stingy. mang a bun but with hair tied loosely on top. kumpridu light-fingered. mang sides and front. marah kronchi femi largeza generous. mang lebi person bridesmaid at Kristangwedding. mara kronchi machu best man at Kristang Kristang-English dictionary 59

wedding. marah prau to visit �ki can}. although, even though. someone with the intention of being Maski eli keninu, mas eli fo rsa invited for a meal. Although he is small, he is strong. marali!!duSee maradu liadu. mastigah V.t. to chew. See also kunyal. .:. Eli ja mpodi mastigah agu She is marelang n. pale-face. toothless. ma!!:)uad }. yellow. �tru (rnastu) n. mast. marga (maga) adj. 1. bitter (taste). �tu See mastru. 2. embittered. Maria marga ku yo Maria is embittered with me. mata-,!!!!!ta It « Mal. mata-mata) policeman. margQ.zu n. bitter gourd. [Bot. Momerdica churantia]. matador It. murderer. margu See ,!!!!!gru. matah V.t. to kill. .:. matah fomi to appease hunger. matah kantiga mar!du It. husband. traditional Kristang singing duel in mari!!l1ruIt. sailor, seaman. which four-line stanzas are sung turn maris It. waves (of the sea) .•:. maris­ about. matah karta to forego one's maris 1. wavy. 2. undulating. pair in a card game to prevent a player mar!zu ad}. yellow colour of ripening from winning. matah konta to close fruit. an account. matah korpu to commit suicide. matah ganyu to renew a !!!!!!ka It. 1. mark. marka di unya pawn ticket and not redeem the scratch. 2. birthmark. 3. mark, pawned item. matah kortah to examination result. negotiate. matah olu to sleep. matah markah V.t. I. to mark. 2. to brand. 3. to sikura to quench the thirst. matah watch suspiciously. sonu to sleep. matah tempu to kill martelu (matelu) n. hammer, mallet. time, to pass time. t mas (rna)adv. more .•:. mas subezu maE!!!sa n. 1. murder. 2. slaughter. much more. mas bong better. Mas matera n. pus. bong nus bai We had better go. mas ,!!!!!ti n. « Mal. mati) earth, soil. di mas too much. mas gostah to prefer. mas ntantu much more. mas matimianu It. leg-puller, joker. tantu most, mostly. matrizah V.t. to torment; only occurs in i ma (rna)COlt }. but, however, yet. matrizah korpu to torment oneself.

,!!!!!sa It. dough. ,!!!!!tu It. forest, jungle. matu desertu arch. (also matu seradu arch.) deep masa-,!!!!!sa « Mal. masak-masak) See jungle. brinkah masa-masa. mazanti (mazi!!!!ti) adv. 1. first. masah 1 v. i. to tread. Yo ngka masah na 2. beforehand. bos sa chang I didn't tread on your land. mazi!!!!ti See mazanti. masah2 V.t. to knead. mazinah V.t. 1. to imagine. 2. to think. masang 11. plum. mbai excl. let's go! mbalidu1 ad}. useless. Mbalidu kontiah ku eli It is useless to argue with him. 60 Kristang-English dictionary

2 mbalidu n. 1. invalid. 2. useless person. me!!!2ria n. arch. 1. commemoration. 2. mbandal adv. 1. apart. 2. aside. botah monument. .:. memoria di in mbanda to put aside. 3. on one side. memory of. mbanda olu one-eyed. mendah v.t. to mend, to repair. mendah 2 mbanda con}. on the one hand, on the redi to repair fi shing nets. other hand. Mbanda bong eli nungka menggaring See roza menggaring. fikah ku nus. Mbanda kiora eli teng, �nus adv. less. See falta. alegri. On the one hand it is good he merda See medra. doesn't live with us. On the other hand, when he is (here), there is mereseh v.t. arch. to deserve. happiness. mergulah v.t. to immerse, to dip. l mbes adv. 1. exceptionally, extremely. merkador n. merchant. ungua mestri ki bong mbes an merkah v.t. 1. to stare at. 2. to sell. extremely good teacher. 2. the most (in comparisons), superlative. Maria merkah v.t. to lie on one's stomach. altu. Antoni mas altu. Mas Veronica merkan§ia n. business. altu mbes. Maria is tall. Anthony is mermurah v.t. arch. to murmur. taller. But Veronica is the tallest. merseh thanks. Mutu merseh Thank 2 n. mbes C!!!!gua bes) adv. once. mbes per you, Many thanks. Mutu grandi mbes all at once, suddenly .•:. mbes­ merseh Thank you very much. dah mbes See membes. merseh to thank. ku merseh with mbezu ad}. envious. thanks, with appreciation .•:. fazeh mbrasu an arm's length. See brasu. merseh to please. mburkah v.t. to tip over. mersemintu n. thanks.

melli!Ya11. medal. mesah v.t. arch. to threaten. medra (merda) n. dung, excrement, �tri n. 1. teacher. 2. wise man, person faeces, shit. See also suzu. with special powers .•:. mestri di fitiseru sorcerer. mestri di skola meh quant. half; used only in the schoolmaster, schoolmistress, teacher. expression meh doh half mourning. See doh. See also metadi. �su (mezmu) adv. 1. yet, still. Eli teng mesu Maria sa kaza He is still at mel n. bee. dosi di mel honey. Maria's house. See also inda. meladu ad}. smeared with. 2. either, too. Nus mesu nadi atindeh melah v.t. to smear. akeh kazamintu We won't go to that wedding either. .:. asih mesu like so. Melaka n. Malacca. memdi quanl. half. melga n. gnat. meteh v.i. to put. .:. meteh mang to give memang adv. « Mal. memang) a hand. meteh korpu to meddle, to certainly. impose oneself. meteh naris to membes (mbes-mbes) adv. interfere. 1. occasionally, once in a while, at !!!!:za n. table .•:. fazeh meza di cha to times, sometimes. 2. seldom. have a tea party. memorah v.t. arch. 1. to commemorate. �mu See mesu. 2. to remember. Kristang-English dictionary 61 mia See minya. misa n. Holy mass. misa difuntu mass midia adv. midday, noon. for the deceased. misa di galu midnight mass. misa kantada high midih V.t. to measure .•:. midih chang to mass. misa rezada low mass. die. midih rota to cane. miste See misti. midisang n. measurement. misteriu 11. mystery. midu V.t. to fear, to be afraid. mureh ku midu to die of fright. misti (miste) mod. must. When negated misti always occurs with the negator miduroza ad}. fe rn. arch. 1. cowardly. nang. Bos nang misti sai di kaza You 2. fearful. must not leave the house. l midu!Qzu n. 1. fear, fearfulness. mistura n. 1. mixture. 2. assortment. 2. coward. misturadu ad}. mixed. See also midurozu2 cowardly. ad}. rnasc. arch. 1. champuradu. 2. fearful. misturah V.t. to mix. See also mil thousand. ngua mil one nurn. champurah. thousand. dos mil two thousand. mil l de thousands of. mil di pesi thousands miu adv. 1. centre. 2. middle. Na miu di of fish. mar In the middle of the sea. 2 miliang num. million. ngua miliang one miu n. half. Used in telling time. seti million. dos miliang two million. ora miu half past seven . •:. miJiang di millions of. miyoh (mi.YQr)adv. arch. 1. better. See mimah V.t. to coddle, to spoil a child. also mas bong. 2. best. See also bong mbes. mi!!!!!,ria Only used in chikoti mimuria a type of branyoh and mata kantiga. mizah v.i. to urinate. mizang 1. child who wets the bed. mina n. 1. virginity. 2. hymen .•:. fila n. mina virgin. .:. kambrang mizang mantis shrimp. See kambrang. minina n. fern. arch. baby, infant. mizinya n. medicine. mininu n. baby, infant. mininu Jizus baby Jesus. mizu n. urine. See also agu di mizu. minta!Qza n. fe rn. liar. mi!Y,ra n. arch. bow, curtsey. fazeh mizura to bow, to curtsey. minta!Qzu n. rnasc. liar. molestah V.t. arch. to annoy, to molest. minyra n. 1. lie. 2. liar. molestu n. 1. disease. 2. ailment, illness. mi!!!!tu n. minute (of time). moli ad}. soft, tender. minya (mia) (nya) poss. del. arch. my. Used in traditional songs and in the moli,!!du adj. soft, tender. fixed exclamations Nya mail (lit. My montanya n. mountain. mother!) Good heavens! and Ki montah V.t. 1. to mount, to sit astride. minya pekadu? What could I have 2. to set in place. done? Mora 11. fe rn. Indian. miQra See niora. morah v.i. to reside. miora-miQra See niora-niora. moreh See mureh. 62 Kristang-English dictionary mortala (mortalya) n. funeral shroud for mpregu See impregu. women. mprensah V.t. to fix, to repair. Ah mortalya See mortala. Chong sa sibrisu mprensah baisikal !!!Q[ti See motri. Ah Chong's occupation is repairing bicycles. Moru n. mase. Indian. mubeh v.i. to miscarry. !!!Qsa n. housemaid. mudah v.i. & V.t. 1. to move house, to !!!Qska 11. fly. moska di kakus blowfly. shift house. 2. to shift. .:. mudah !!!Qto 11. motorcycle. stadu (mudah stradu) arch. to wear !!!Qtri (morti) n. 1. death. 2. corpse. fancy dress. 3. funeral. sigih motri to attend or to mudreh (murdeh) V.t. to bite. accompany a funeral. .:. motri seza !!l!!du See sudu mudu. (morti seza) never, on no account. Yo motri seza nadi papiah ku eli On no mufinah v.i. to make a nuisance of account wi II I speak to him. Ku yo oneself. ungua motri jenti papiah mintira mufi!!£za ad). cursed. I abhor people who lie. mUllnu ad). 1. unfortunate, unlucky. mpachadu adj. 1. narrow. 2. congested. 2. wretched. mpachah V.t. 1. to clog. 2. to congest. muih V.t. to grind. muih trempa to grind 3. to encumber. spices .•:. pedra muih grindingstone. mpan�da See ungua, pangkada. muladu ad). wet. muladu sopadu mparti (mlli!tri) (numparti) (numlli!tri) drenched, soaking wet. adv. anywhere, nowhere. Yo ngka bai mulah v.t. 1. to moisten, to wet. 2. to mparti I didn't go anywhere. soak. mulah ropa to soak clothes. mlli!triSee mparti. .:. mulah boka to take a sip. mpeh See impeh. muleh (mukr)n. 1. wife. 2. woman. muleh kazadu married woman. m.PiduSee impidu. .:. muleh danadu prostitute. muleh m.Pilli:gu n. drop of liquid.• :. mpinggu- laba ropa washerwoman. mpinggu drop by drop. muler See muleh. mpinyah V.t. to pawn. mulera n. brain. ml!Qdicannot, may not. See podi. muleria n. arch. womenfolk. ml!Qkuquant. 1. some, a few, a little. !!l!! n. a Kristang dish prepared from 2. somewhat. Eli mpoku bentu He is a sauteed paste of , ginger, somewhat crazy .•:. mpoku mamenus candlenut, tumeric, lemon grass, approximately, more or less. mpoku , coriander, , and mpoku little by little, a little at a time. with coconut milk, eggplant, fish balls ml!Qsta See posta. or pieces of mackerel. mprega h1 See impregah. !!!!!!!du n. world. otru mundu the mprega h2 V.t. to inform. Used only in afterworld. mpregah motri to inform the munggaring See roza menggaring. community of a death and of details of munggu n. « H. mung) mung bean [Bot. the funeral. Phaseolus aureus]. Kristang-English dictionary 63 munji n. blue-spot grey mullet [Zoo\. nadi neg. tma. will not, would not. Yo Va lamugul scheli and Mugil nadi bai mar ozi anuti I won't go to caeruleomaculatus]. Also known as sea (i.e. fi shing) tonight. Akeh tempu, munji lama and munji pedra See kantu nteh jenti sigih ku eli, yo sa tainya. pai nadi bai mar anuti In those days, mureh (moreh) v. i. !. to die. mureh if he didn't have anyone to go with fugadu or mureh tufadu to choke to him, my father wouldn't go fi shing at death. mureh fugadu na agu to night. drown. mureh motri seng rezang to nah aff. q. inter. isn't it so!? Eli bebeh die in vain. 2. to die out (said of a sura, nah? He drinks toddy doesn't

candle, a fire, a lamp) .•:. Yo mureh he? bibeh lembrah bos ta drumih I was nakeli (nakeh) Contraction of na + absolutely certain that you were akeli. See akeli, na. asleep. nakih (akih) here. 1 adv. murtu adj. dumb. nalah (alah) adv. there (far) .•:. alah 2 !!!!!!tu See siur, Siur Murtu banda over there (in that village). mu�gu n. bat [Zool. Chiroptera sp.]. nalih (all!!) adv. there. muskitu n. mosquito. na� adv. just, only. ungua namas just mustah See mustrah. one. mustrah (mustah) v. t. to show. See also lli!!!!ba It. « E. number, D. nummer) dah mustrah. number.

!!!!!tu adv. very.• :. mutu tantu too na� n. pineapple. much, too many. nang imp. neg. Don't! nang misti must not, see also numisti. nang subida never ever. Nang subida papiah isoti ku jenti idadi! Never ever talk like N that to old people! One imperative expression in Kristang permits the na prep. 1. at. Eli teng na Maria sa kaza alternativeuse of nungka (ngka) or He is at Maria's house. 2. to. Eli ja nang. This is Nungka dibeh! Don't bai na butika He went to the shop. worry. This expression is more 3. on. Akeli buku teng na meza The frequent with nungka than with nang. book is on the table. in. Teng pesi 4. .:. nang asih 1. not in this way, not na redi There are fi sh in the net. like this. 2. nevertheless, even so, nabala n. razor. however. 3. never mind. nang ki nang nabegah v.i. to sail. easi ly. nada pro. nothing. Nteh nada na redi nang2Qra adv. just now, a moment ago. There is nothing (there isn't anything) Nanggora eli ja bai sibrisu He has in the net. Nungka nada It's nothing. just gone to work. Nang falah nada! Don't say anything naris 11. nose. buraku di naris nostri I. (lit. nothing)! per nada free, for naris tapadu blocked nose. nothing. .:. Kortah naris danah rostu provo nadah v.i. to swim. To cut off one's nose to spite one's 64 Kristang-English dictionary

face. Eli sa naris chuma ja fazeh Her neng neg. Occurs only in the expressions nose is well formed. neng abor neng sabor tasteless, and nasang n. 1. race, breed. 2. nation. neng he neng hu neither yes nor no. 3. kind, sort, type. Ki nasang akeh nesitah v. t. arch. to need. redi? What type of net is that? neta n. grand-daughter. neta nitu .:. nasang di all kinds of, various grandchildren. kinds of. Nasang di kukis teng nakeh !!£tu See nitu. butika There are all/various kinds of cakes in that stall. Nasang-nasang all nfernah V.t. to annoy, to be a nuisance, to kinds of. See also bera sorti. Ki play up. Often said with reference to nasang? How are things? children. Krensa kantu nfernah misteh korpu nteh sabor When a naseh v.i. 1. to be born. Mininu Jizus ja child is playing up, it must be feeling naseh dia di Natal Baby Jesus was unwell. born on Christmas day. See also parih. 2. to sprout, to grow. Isti albi nfernu (infernu) n. hell. trabalu naseh This tree is slow to nfetah v.i. 1. to beautify oneself. 2. to put grow. on make-up. nasemintu See nasimintu. nforkadu See nfurkadu. na�sa (na�sia) n. birth (rarely used). nforkah See nfurkah . •: . di nasensa from the beginning, nforsah See forsah. from birth. nfurkadu adj. hanged, hanging. na�sia See nasensa. nfurkah (nforkah) V.t. to hang someone. na�da n. mole. skin growth. ngganah V.t. 1. to deceive, to trick. 2. to nasimintu (nasemintu) n. 1. birth. cheat, to swindle. 2. origin, source. ngganador n. 1. deceiver, trickster. Natal n. Christmas. Bong Natal Merry 2. swindler. Christmas. nggm (n�re)(n�ri) to not want. See Na.tibu Malay. n. kereh. natural n. character, nature, n� (ninmng) pro. nobody, no one. temperament. n�re See nggeh. nchidu See inchidu. n�ri See nggeh. nda See inda. nggota See gota. ndoi one cent. See doi. nggmtuadj. ungrateful. !!£ches adj. « D. netjes) pretty. nggulih v.t. to swallow .•:. nggulih fogu negah V.t. to deny. to deny the truth. neli See nili. nggylun. retching. See also dah nggulu. nenang neg. tma. not yet. The verb ngka(n ungka) neg. no, not. .:. ngka negated by nenang is frequently, but bringku certainly, really, very. Eli not necessarily, fo llowed by inda. Eli ngka bringku di chadu She is really nenang chegah (inda) He hasn't intelligent. Ngka dibeh Don't worry! arrived yet. Ngka nada 1. Don't mention it, you are welcome. 2. It's nothing .•:. ngka Kristang-English dictionary 65

' sudeh never, never ever, it never nobresti (norbresti) ad}. nOlth-west, occurred. Eli ngka sudeh bai skola north-wester! y. He never goes to school. nobresti (norbresti)2 adv. north-west. ngkachipiah v. i. to curl oneself up. noda n. stain. ngkachu See kachu. noiba n. 1. girlfriend. 2. bride .•:. andah ngkambah See kambah. chuma noiba China to walk slowly. ngkari!!du ad}. overloaded. noibu See nuibu. ngkontrah V.t. 1. to find. 2. to encounter, !!.Qmin. name. to meet, to come across. !!.Qna n. young woman. Also traditionally ngkontru n. 1. meeting. 2. liaison. used as a term of address for a young ngkorill!du ad}. useless. woman .•:. nona di gudang a young woman who doesn't like to work. ngkuartu quant. quarter. nora n. daughter-in-law. ngkullduad }. curled up. norbresti See nobresti. ngkulih v.i. to curl up. !!,Q!tiSee notri. ngkurtah v.i. to shrink (fabric). notri1 ad). north, northerly. ngkustah v.i. to lean, to lean agai nst. notri2 adv. north. notri lesti north-east. !!2ua(yngua) num. & indef art. one, a. In both functions ngua may contract !!.Qvi num. nine. to form a matching nO,Y!ll!ta num. ninety. the articulation of the consonant of the !!.Qzan. kernel. fo llowing word, thus: m, as in mbes n�be (nseh) not know. See sabeh. (= ngua + bes) once; n, as in nsentu (= ngua + sentu) one hundred. ngoa nsaguah V.t. to rinse. ngua one by one, one at a time. ngua nsaminah (zaminah) V.t. 1. to examine, ku otro each other, one another. ngoa to inspect. 2. to investigate. tras (di) otro one behing the other. nsaminasang n. examination . •: . aros ngoa-ngua whole rice grain. nseh See nsabe. nili

not have the means. nteh tripa bofi nungka See ngka. 1. cruel. 2. inconsiderate. nunteng See nteh. ntempu See tempu. nus pro. 1. we. nus tudu we (inclusive). ntendeh See intindeh. 2. us .•:. nus sa our, ours. nus sa kaza Our house. Akeh kaza nus sa That nteru See interu. house is ours. nti!da See intiada. nu�ti adj. innocent. nti!du See intiadu. !!!!ZU adj. nauseated. ntindeh See intindeh. nya1 See minya. ntindidu n. understanding, 2 comprehension. nya See madrinya. ntopah (topah) V.t. to encounter, to meet, nyami n. 1. yam. nyami roisu purple to come across by chance. yam. 2. tuber root. .:. nyami benggala tapioca. ntregah V.t. 1. to deliver. 2. to hand over, !!l:IDlun. something unsightly. Used only to surrender. 3. to entrust. .:. ntregah noiba wedding tradition involving the in fesang di nyapu ugly looking, surrender of the celebration of the unsightly. wedding to the parents of the groom, nyonya n. Malacca Straits-born Chinese should the bride's parents be unable to woman. Also used as a form of afford the wedding celebration. address for a Chinese woman, if the ntuladu adj. piled up, fi lled (land). person is unknown to the speaker. .:. andah chuma nyonya to walk with ntulah V.t. 1. to pile up. 2. to fi ll (land). a slow gait. 3. to store up. nyu See padrinyu. ntulu n. pile. I �IU v.i. to kneel. !!!!bis n. cloud. �IU2 n. knee. nubul adj. new. nubu2 adv. just now, newly, recently. Nubu ja chegah? Have you just arrived? o nuibu (noibu) n. 1. boyfriend. 2. fi ance. 3. bridegroom. Qbra n. 1. mischief. 2. doing. 3. act, action, deed. num See ngka, podi, mpodi. obradadi n. 1. mischief. 2. doing. 3. act, numintu See numinti. action, deed. numinti Only used in the expression di obrigah V.t. arch. to oblige. numinti 1. in the beginning, originally. 2. from the start, from the obrigasang n. obligation, duty. beginning. di numinti ati flng from Qbu n. egg. kaska di obu eggshell. obu beginning to end. di pesi fi sh roe. numisti See nang, misti. Qdring n. permission. numparti See mparti. ofendeh V.t. to offend. numI!Qdi See mpodi. oferseh V.t. to make an offering to God. nun�re See nggeh. oitenta num. eighty.

------Kristallg-English dictionary 67

oiteru (oteru) n. 1. hill. Oiteru Bandera om pro. arch. « D. oom) respectful term St. Paul's Hill, in Malacca town. of address for an old man; form no Oiteru San Juang St. John's Hill, in longer used.

Malacca town. 2. cemetery. Q!!!bru (umbru) n. shoulder. oitu num. eight. Qmi n. man. omi idadi elderly man. Qkel n. glasses, spectacles. onestu adj. I.decent, respectable. Qla n. palm thatching. 2. graceful (said of a person). olah v.t. 1. to see. 2. to look. 3. to on!.!!du adj. honourable. -;bserve, to watch. 4. to notice. 5. to onsong adv. 1. alone. Eli ja bai onsong take notice of. 6. to attend to. 7. to call He went alone. 2. lonely.• :. filu on somebody . •: . olah basu I. to avert onsong only son. eli onsong sa kaza one's gaze. 2. to sneer; olah basu ku his own house. Eli ja matah onsong jenti to sneer at people. sa korpu He killed himself. olotru See olotu. onti adv. yesterday. onti anuti last night. olotu (olotru) (elotru) pro. 1. they. onti otru dia or onti otru dia 2. them .•:. olotu sa their, theirs. olotu truzadu day before yesterday. sa kaza their house. akeh kaza olotu Q!!zi num. eleven. sa That house is theirs. -oras n. time.• :. beng oras at times. olozi See orlozi. kantoras? What time is it? chegah 21u n. 1. eye. basah olu to avoid eye (sa) oras at the appropriate time. par contact. 2. bud, sprout, eye of a potato. oras currently, for the time being. •:. dos olu favourite (child); also dos nteh par oras always .

olu di kambrang favourite. Akeh orasang (orsaDli:) n. oration, prayer. krensa yo sa dos olu That child is my .:. orasang di Krus devotion to the favourite. Eli sa pai sa dos olu His Holy Cross (a Kristang tradition). father's favourite. olu brangku orasang di oras 1. hourly prayers. cuckolded. olu grandi tripa keninu a gadrah orasang di oras practise of a person who takes a serving of more devotion involving hourly prayers and than they can eat. olu di agu spring of claimed to yield special powers, water. olu di bentu eye of the wind. including the ability to predict the olu di fogu envious. olu di gatu hour of one's death. 2. incantation by European eyes. olu di kuh anus. olu a person who practises orasang di di pesi sty. olu pezadu sleepy. olu oras, for example: Santa Katrina, podri sleepyhead. olu di peu fila di bong rainya, ja pasah na mar anklebone. olu di prau cleat pegs on di Jordang, ja ngkontrah seti the prow of a boat. olu di redi mesh of giliang, marah sa peu, marah sa . olu di sol the ball of the mang, marah sa korsang ku tudu yo sun. olu kumpridu flirtatious, a sa devasang Saint Katrina, daughter roving eye. olu saradu half-closed of a good queen, passed through the eye(s). olu skel squint-eyed. teng olu sea of Jordan, met seven lions, tie riba di to have one's eye on. Antoni her/his/its/their feet, tie her/his/its/their teng olu riba di Maria Antoni has his hands, tie her/his/its/their hearts with eye on Maria. all my devotion. orlozi (olozi) « D. hor/oge) n. clock, watch. 68 Kristang-English dictionary

orta n. orchard. lli!di �da) (pa) (par) (per) (pra) ortu See otru. �ra) prep. for, to, in order to .•:. The variant per is often found in the Qru n. 1. gold. 2. diamond of playing following expressions. per ali that cards .•:. oru brangku platinum. way. per fi nally, in the end. per ospital n. hospital. undi? which way? per yo as for me. ostia 11. Host, holy bread. nteh per oras continuously, often. per oras now and then, sometimes. per QSu 11. bone. osu di kabesa skull; see also nada free, gratis. per sempri forever. kabera. osu di kosta backbone. osu di kuh coccyx; see also osu di rabu. padiseh v. i. 1. to suffer, to suffer pain. •: . osu di prau rib of boat. 2. to endure hardship. Qtru (Qtu) (m:tu) quant. 1. other. akeh padisemintu See padisidu. otru the other one. otru bes some padi�du n. 1. suffering. 2. torment. other time, next time. otru parti in 3. endurance of hardship. some other place, elsewhere. padral n. sparrow. 2. another. na otru tempu on another occasion. padrastu n. stepfather. Qtu See otru. lli!dri n. 1. priest. 2. father (term of address) .•:. Padri sa Chang the Qzi adv. today .•:. ozi anuti tonight. ozi Portuguese Settlement, Malacca. pamiang this morning. padrinyu (nyu) n. godfather. ozindia See ozndia. J!!!ga n. 1. pay, salary. 2. pension. See ozndia (ozindia) adv. nowadays. also kumih paga. pagador n. arch. payer. pa�dul (apa�du) adj. extinguished, p turnedoff. pa�du2 adj. light-brown skin colour. pa prep. for, to, in order to. See padi. 3 adj. •: . Bai pa diabu! Go to hell! pa rentu pa�du paid. inside; form used by older speakers, pagah v.t. 1. to pay. 2. to repay. 3. to equivalent to na rentu. retaliate. 4. to extinguish. to tum off. pagah lampu to put the lamp out. pabang n. arch. peacock. .:. pagah pa justu to get one'sjust pabilang n. 1. curtain on bed. reward. pagah pinitensia to atone for 2. mosquito net. sin. pabisa n. VUlgarity .•:. papiah pabisa to pagamintu See paga. speak in a vulgar manner. pagar 11. « Mal. pagar) fence. pabi�ra n. vulgar woman. pagatoriu See pegatori. pabi�ru 11. vulgar man. pah 11. daddy, father, familiar term of pabiu n. fuse, wick. address. See also pai, papah. pachal n. , made from varieties pai 11. father. pai aboh grandfather; see of large fi sh, often rubalu. also aboh pai. Pai nus sa Our Father lli!da« Mal. pada) See padi. (prayer). Kristang-English dictionary 69

!!IDIotn. « E. pilot) go-between in a beating. mpangkada di chua a secret courtship. shower of rain. mpangkada di doi a paip n. « E. pipe) fawcett, tap. heap of money. n. palabra n. word.• :. di palabra by word l!!nu cloth. panu biluda velvet. panu of mouth, verbally. Eli sa palabra chita (printed) cotton. panu di kama mpodi sibrih One cannot take his bed sheet. panu di meza tablecloth, word for it. Eli sa palabra nadi kai see also tatlak. panu janela window na chang He won't admit defeat. curtain. panu krua un sewn cloth. kumprih palabra to keep one's word. panu kubrih blanket. panu parah pasah palabra to spead the word. mizu nappy. panu podri rag. panu pegah palabra to take one at one's porta door curtain. panu seda satin. word. .:. panu dos rostu deceitful, two­ faced. palasu n. palace. panya h v. t. 1. to grab. panyah ranyah lli!!ma n. 1. palm, as in palma di mang to grab and tussle. 2. to take. palm of hand. 2. palm-tree. See also 3. to collect, to gather. palmera. l!!Pa n. rice porridge. See kanji papa. pal!!!!!du n. slap. papa�u n. arch. parrot. pal�ra (pa�ra) n. trunk of a palm. papah n. daddy, father. See also pah, palmitu See pamitu. pai. palpah v. t. to fondle, to grope. pal!!Ya n. , pawpaw. pa�ra See palmera. pa� n. 1. paper. 2. newspaper. pamiang adv. 1. morning. amiang 1 papiah v. t. 1. to speak, to talk. papiah pamiang, ampamiang tomorrow Gregu to talk unintelligibly. papiah morning. 2. in the morning. pa fabor di to speak on behalf of. pamitu (palmitu) n. palm heart, the papiah dosi to sweet-talk. 2. to edible white part of the trunk of the converse; see kontah stori. coconut palm. papiah2 n. language, speech, talk. lli!!!!Pel n. pomfret fish. pampel pretu .:. Papiah Kristang Malacca (Creole) black pomfret [Zoo\. Parastromateus Portuguese language. niger]. pampel brangku white papiamintu n. arch. language, speech, pomfret [Zool. Stromateus argenteus]. talk. See papiah. pam.lll!a n. tailor bird [Zool. Orthotomus papiasang n. language, speech, talk. See sepium rujiceps]. papiah. pancha!Qbaad j. « Mal. panella roba) pa� n. arch. term of address for an without definite direction. See bentu old man. pancharoba. J!illlu n. 1. gullet of birds. 2. goitre. panela n. earthenware cooking pot. I panela di aros earthenware rice pot. par n. 1. pair. mpar (= ungua + par) a pair of, a couple of. 2. partner (at a pang n. bread. pang duro stale bread. dance) .•:. Eli ngka yo sa par She is pang moli fresh bread. not my type. pang!g!dan. 1. blow. 2. beating. See also par2 See padi. botah pangkada .•:. mpangkada (= ungua + pangkada) a blow, a l!!ra See padi. 70 Kristang-English dictionary pa!:i!du adj. stopped. pas n. peace. See bai pas. parah V.t. 1. to stop. 2. to set out (a pasadu adj. past, experienced, undergone fishing-net). .:. anu pasadu last year. a parang n. « Mal. parang) machete. pasadu last week. V.t. paralli!ra n. structure for creeping plants pa�gu (pe�u) to boil food, to cook to grow on. in water. l n. « Mal. pasak) parasang n. conclusion, end. nteh pasah wooden peg formerly used in place of nails in boat parasang incessant, without end. construction. pa�di n. 1. fe nce. 2. wall. pasah2 V.t. 1. to pass, to convey, to panmtin. arch. relative; see jirisang. transmit. pasah mang ku mang to arenti parenti parents and kin (term pass (something) from hand to hand. used by the kumpadri in his address pasah palabra to transmit by word of at traditional Kristang wedding mouth. 2. to experience, to endure, to dinner). undergo. pasah fomi to experience parida adv. in childbirth. hunger. pasah bida di tristeza to lead 1 parih V.t. to give birth. Eli ja parih ku a miserable life. pasah trabalu to Maria she gave birth to Maria. undergo hardship. 3. to exceed. pasah (di) binyu to exceed one's intake of parih2 v. i. to be born. Eli ja parih nakih alcoholic drink .:. pasah olu to look She was bornhere. over, to glance at. pasah juramintu to lli!risn. placenta. perjure. pasah pedrumi to carry out a pamdi n. arch. « Mal. parok) grater. a ritual whereby alum is burned. It is paroh V.t. « Mal. parok) to grate. said that the burntshape of the alum will reveal the cause of a person's pamkia n. parish house. parish. 1. 2. illness. pasah sai l. to exorcise evil parseh V.t. 1. to seem. 2. to appear, to spirits or cure illness by means of a make an appearance. fistful of salt. The faith healer first pa rti See patri. passes the fistful of salt around the victim's head. He then throws the salt partih (pa!!h) V.t. to share. away, usually outside, away from the pa rtri <.ru!!ri) n. 1. part, share. Gadrah house. 2. to copulate. pasah striki to yo sa parti! Keep my share ! iron lightly; see also strikah. 2. concern,int erest. .:. Judah tomah pasah3 v. i. to procede, to pass (+ across, yo sa parti Please take my place. Yo along, from, by, over), to go by. pasah nadi tomah parti I won't participate. di sintidu to pass from memory, to be mparti (= ungua + parti) on the one forgotten. hand, on the other hand. parti bizaru (patri bizaru) audacity, cheek. Tras pasatempu n. pastime. di John ta kontah sa bida, teng parti pa�zi n. 1. story, tale. 2. fare, bus ticket. bizaru ja bai na John sa aliada He is pa�sa (pa�sia) n. patience. talking about John behind his back, and yet he had the cheek to go to his pa§ia n. small dried fish. party. parti di instead of. Parti di pasiah v. i. to stroll, to promenade, to go raiba, yo ja birah ri Instead of being for a walk. angry, I was amused. Pasku n. Easter. Kristang-English dictionary 71

pastu �tru) 11. bird. pegah v.t. 1. to catch. Eli ja pegah ngua pasturinya h v. t. to hunt birds. pesi grandi He caught a big fi sh. Eli ja tokah pegah He got caught. 2. to pasturinyu n. bird. hold, to hold on to. Judah, pegah isti lli!su n. earthenware pot. pasu di floris kodra di prau Please, hold this

flowerpot. mooring rope .•: . pegah bentu See patak a n. unit of money of 100 cents, the bentu. pegah fogu to ignite, to catch Malaysian ringgit. fire. Roza sa ropa ja pegah fogu Roza's clothes caught fire. pegah patih See partih. presu to play hard to get. patratu n. « Mal. peteras) used only in pegatori See pregatori. dah mustrah patratu to show off. pe.i!!ma 11. pajamas. lli!tri See parti. pekador n. arch. sinner. pau n. 1. piece of wood, stick, log, pole. kuleh di pau wooden ladle. pau geleh pekadu n. sin. pekadu mortal mortal roller, pole on which a boat is rolled. sin. pekadu vinial vinial sin. pau sengkang wooden crossbar on pekurah (pikurah) (prekurah) v.t. to langgiang. 2. club (playing card). enquire.

penis.• . pau di naris bone of the 3. : pckeninu arch. See keninu. nose. pau dosi . peladu ad}. bald. lli!Ya n. marsh, swamp. pelah v.t. 1. to peel. 2. to skin. pedas n. piece. mpedas (=ungua + n. pedas) a piece. �Ii �lis) 1. skin. 2. hide. 3. peel. .:. peli grosu shameless. �dra (ru:rda) n. 1. stone. pedra fogu flint. pedra rubim arch. granite. pelusu ad}. hot-tempered. 2. mile. pemiru See primiru. pedrang (perdang) 11. forgiveness. �na n. 1. feather. 2. pen. pedreh (perdeh) v.t. to lose. pedreh penah v.i. 1. to suffer anguish, to suffer kaminyu to lose one's way. pedreh sorrow. 2. to suffer pain, to agonize.

tempu to waste time .•:. pedreh alma .:. penah di trabalu great difficulty. korpu to be in a quandry. pedreh Ius penitensia n. penance. to be angry. pedreh tokadu to pending 11. « Mal. pending) belt worn become sober. with saya by bride at traditional pedresang (perdesang) (peresang) 11. weddings. loss. penchurang 11. « Mal. pencuri) thief. 1 pedridu (perdidu) ad}. lost. See also ladrang. 2 pedridu (perdidu) n. vagabond. pensah v.t. arch. to think. pedrumi n. alum. See pasah pedrumi. pe nti 11. comb. du n. fart. tirah pedu to fart . penti!!duad }. combed. peduah v.t. to absolve, to forgi ve. See pentiah v.t. to comb. also dah pedrang. per See padi. pefetu adv. no wonder. perah See sperah.

perbetu 11. gain, profit. ------�

72 Kristang-English dictionary perda See pedra. �tu See pertu. perdang See pedrang. peu n. 1. foot (including calf of leg). andah peu to go on foot. 2. twelve perdeh See pedreh. inches .•:. peu di altar foot of the perdesang See pedresang. altar. peu di bentu blast of wind. perdidu See pedridu. peu di montanya foot of mountain. peresang See pedresang. peu di seu horizon. peu di excessive, inveterate. Eli peu di bebeh He is an perkurah See pikurah. inveterate drinker. Maria peu di jogu perna n. thigh. Maria is an inveterate gambler. peu di persih pro. nothing. kumih one who loves to eat. peu kebradu useless person. peu mang per�zu See presizu. lebi helpful. pertu �tu) adv. 1. close, near. pertu di adj. .•. yo sa kaza close to my house. sigih di pezadu heavy : Eli ja kai na pertu to follow closely. 2. almost, pezadu She became pregnant. approximately, close to, nearly. pertu pezah V.t. 1. to weigh. 2. to ponder. (di) des anu nearly ten years. peza!!!!!tu (pezu!!!!!tu) n. arch. pesagu See pasagu. condolence.

pesamintu n. danger in the sea, for �zu n. weight. example ampeh. pezumutu See pezamutu. �si n. fish. pesi kabalu crevally [ZooI. piadadi n. compassion, pity, sympathy. Carangidae]. pesi sera mackerel piang n. spinning top. truseh chuma [Zool. Scombridae]; see also sera. piang to spin like a top. pesi spada swordfish [Zool. Xiphias gladius]. pichadu See fichadu. peskador n. fisherman. pichah See fichah. peskah V.t. to fish. See bai mar, pegah pichiJ!.!.chi adj. « Mal. picin, terpicin­ pesi .•:. peskah nobas to fish for pic in) flickering. information. pidih V.t. 1. to ask, to ask for, to request. peskar!a n. arch. fishing. 2. to beg, to entreat. pidih smola to beg alms. 2. to hope. 3. to pray. pesoh v. t. « Mal. pesok) to pierce. 1 pikadel n. « D. jrikadel) patty made pe§Qnya ad}. poisonous. with shrimp or meat. pe§Qnya2 n. poison. pikadera n. pecker, pecking hen, a hen l �tia adj. smelly, stinking. that pecks people. 2 �tia n. bad smell, stink. pikadu ad}. 1. pricked. 2. pierced (ears, pesua n. person, individual. in order to wear ear rings). petah V.t. 1. to bear, to carry. 2. to pikah V.t. 1. to peck. 2. to nibble at bait. endure. .:. pikah kazamintu to assess the consent of a girl's parents to her petaka n. « Mal. petak) compartment in boat for storing fish. marrying a particular person (an old Kristang tradition). petrubadu (pertrubadu) adj. worried. pikapau n. woodpecker [Zool. Picus n. �tu chest. vittatus]. Kristang-EngLish dictionary 73

pikurah See pekurah. pillinyun. cucumber. pilah v.t. 1. to pound. 2. to beat, to thrash pirigu n. danger. someone. lliringn. « Mal. piring) saucer. pilang n. pestle and mortar. .:. mai di llisa n. penis. pilang mortar. filu di pilang pestle. pisang-pisang n. « Mal. pisang-pisang) pilar n. pillar. gunwale, rubbing extremity of boat. piloru n. 1. bullet. 2. cannonball. pisyku n. picnic. pi!rumtan. pepper. pimenta brangku pitisang 11. 1. petition. 2. plea, request. white pepper. pimenta pretu black pi!!!! n. 1. peon, labourer. 2. office pepper. assistant. pinchadu adj. 1. abandoned. plantah v.t. arch. to plant. .:. plantah 2. unattended, uncared for (child). bandera to raise a flag. 3. scattered, strewn, thrown about.

.:. pinchadu botadu untidy. plemkeng undef Used only in dedu plemkeng. pinchah v.t. 1. to throw. 2. to throw away, to throw out. 3. to cast a net. plontu n. arch. proposal. .:. pinchah pedra skundeh mang to ploi n.( < D. pLooi) 1. wrinkle. 2. fold. secretly cause trouble. pinchah doi to po n. 1. dust. po di oru gold dust. waste money. pinchah fo rtuna to let 2. powder. pimenta po pepper luck go by, to miss a chance. pinchah powder. gatu to pawn. pinchah korpu to suicide by drowning or by jumping I!Qbriad }. poor. from a height. pinchah krensa to I!Qbu n. arch. people. abort. pinchah olu to keep an eye on . I!Qchi(pochiteh) n. « D. potje, pinchah palabra to hint. trekpotje) teapot. pindurah v.t. to hang, to suspend. pochiteh see pochi. J!illgga n. « MaL. pinggang) pole placed poder ad}. arch. assertive. across the shoulders in order to carry I!Qdimodal. aux. can; has special things suspended from each end. negati ve form mpodi.• :. podi fikah lantah pingga Iingga to carry things maybe, it might be, perhaps, possibly. by means of a pingga. The verb following this expression pin� v.t. to drip. generally is preceded by logu. Podi pinitensia n. penitence, penance. fikah logu kai chua Possibly it will pintador n. arch. painter. rain. See also mpodi. pintadu ad}. painted. I!Qd ri (pQrdi)ad }. rotten. pintah v.t. to paint. See also sekah tinta. !!!!isu 11. 1. sum of money. 2. means. pintelu n. pubic hair. I!Q!ban. gunpowder. pintura n. 1. picture, painting. polisenti 11. hide and seek (children's 2. photograph. tomah pintura to take game). a photograph. po mba n. pidgeon. Iili!lun. 1. flea. 2. louse. po nta n. 1. extremity, edge. 2. point. lliPa n. barrel. 3. end of something, tip. di ponta ati ponta from end to end, from one end 74 Kristang-English dictionary

to the other. ponta ku ponta end to prameteh See premeteh. end. ponta di rua the end of the street. prata n. silver. di ponta di yo sa linggu at the tip of prau Il. « Mal. perahu) boat. my tongue. teng na ponta di Iinggu to have something on the tip of one's l!!ID'a n. beach. tongue prebetu See perbetu. pontah V.t. to shoot. prega h V.t. to fasten, to fix on to. pregah po nti n. bridge. pregu to fasten with a nail. pregah butangto sew on a button. po ntu 11. dot. pre� n. arch. proclamation of pontu!iaad j. sensitive, touchy. wedding, wedding bans. abizah l!QPan. poop, stem of boat. pregang to infonn relatives of an porada n. arch. blow .•:. mporada di impending ban (a Kristang custom). aros a large quantity of rice. pregasang n. sennon, homily. porang n. the spur of a rooster. pregatori (pegatori) n. purgatory. po rdi See podri. mgu n. nail. .:. pregu di ganchu hinge­ po rka Il. arch. prostitute. pin. tokah pregu to be conned, to be porka!ial adj. dirty, filthy tricked. porka!ia2 n. filth. preguntah See pruntah. n. porkih COIlj. arch. because. preguntu question. fazeh preguntu to ask a question. po rku n. pig. porku di matu . prekurah See pekurah. po rta (potra) 11. door. porta frenti front door. porta tras back door. pre!!!!;sa (pramesa) n. 1. promise. 2. vow; see also fazeh premesa, fazeh Portu2!! 11. 1. cake made with yam and premetesang. 2. appointment. shredded coconut. 2. Portugal. premeteh (prameteh) V.t. to promise. Portu�1 adj. Portuguese. premetesang See premesa. Portu�2 11. 1. Portuguese nationality. 2. Portuguese language. premiru See primiru. prendeh v. t. J. to teach. Yo ta prendeh posta Il. 1. heap. 2. chunk .•:. mposta a heap or a chunk. ku eli balah I am teaching him to dance. 2. to learn. Yo ja prende balah postu 11. white-collar job, position. postu di eli I learnedto dance from her. grandi high-level position, important prendeh di kabesa to learn by heart. position. prendidu See prendisu . .PQsu11. well. prendisu n. 1. education. 2. special .PQtral n. hernia. powers . .PQtra2 See porta. mnya adj. pregnant. pra See padi. prenyada adj. arch. pregnant. praga Il. curse. preparadu adj. arch. prepared, ready. pragiah v. i. arch. to curse, to swear. See See also lesti. dah praga. preparah v. t. arch. to prepare, to make pra!!!!;Sa See premesa. ready. See also fazeh lesti. Kristang-English dictionary 75 preparasang n. preparation. pulah v.i. 1. to jump. 2. to leap. 3. to hop. See also dah pulu. prepresta adv. quickly, quite fast. J!!!lia n. mockery. fazeh pulia to mock, pre§.!zu (per§.!zu)V.t. 1. to need. 2. to be necessary. to ridicule. puliah V.t. to mock, to ridicule. See also presta adv. fast, quickly. fazeh pUlia. prestadu ad}. fa st. pulut n. « Mal. puLut) glutinous rice. presu It. cost, price. pun adv. « Mal. pun) also, even, too. pretu adj. black .•:. pretu chuma punyada 11. fi st. See also dali punyada, kabrang as black as coal. fazeh punyada. pre�ti adv. present. pusah V.t. to pull. .:. pusah denti to priga§Qza See prigisoza. extract a tooth. pusah bafu to breathe. priga§Qzu See prigisozu. pusah cheru to sniff out, to seek a prig!sa n. laziness .•:. tirah prigisa scent. pusah fogu matches. pusah pa to stretch oneself when yawning. dianti to push; see also tolah. pusah pa tras to pull. prigisoza (priga§Qza) ad}. fe rn. lazy. pusah-i� See isar-pusah. prigi§Qzu(prig a§Qzu) ad}. rnasc. lazy. pusah-i� See isar pusah. m:!man. fe rn. cousin. pustema 11. food (vulg.). primiru (premiru) (pramiru) adv. 1. fonnerly. 2. at first, in the pustemadu adj. 1. gluttonous. 2. greedy. beginning. pustemah V.t. to eat in a gluttonous J!!jmu n. rnase. cousin. manner, to stuff oneself with food . •: . pustemah olu to nap. prin�za (pri�za) n. princess. J!!!su n. pulse. tomah pusu to feel the pri�za See prinseza. pulse. prispi n. prince. J!!!ta 11. bastard. puta commonly occurs prompa n. clogs. in the following synonyms: familia di l!!QPil adv. 1. appropriately, properly. puta, fila di puta, filu di puta 2. deservedly. Propi, sa irmang bastard. onsong busidu ku eli Serve him right, putubezu It. bedbug. even his own brother hates him. puzah V.t. to lay. Restricted to puzah l!!QPe11. 1. profit. 2. capital. obu to lay an egg. prostanti1 11. protestant. pros!!!!!ti ad}. protestant. prua 11. prow of boat. R prubah V.t. 1. to try. 2. to try on. 3. to taste. rabah V.t. « Mal. raba) 1. to grope (in the darkness), to feel the way. to pruntah (preguntah) V.t. to ask a 2. question, to enquire. fondle. rabana n. « Mal. rebana) hand-drum of pukadu 11. mouthful. dah pukadu to take a mouthful. origin. rabasa 11. water parsnip. 76 Kristartg-English dictionary

rabentadu ad}. 1. gluttonous. 2. greedy. group. Nus ja bai ranchu ranchu rabentah v.i. 1. to burst, to split open. We went in a group. 2. to explode. 3. to eat in a gluttinous rang!illdu ad}. 1. pulled out. 2. extracted. manner.• :. rabentah olu to sleep. 3. uprooted. 4. wide open. Eli ja rabeh V.t. « Mal. rabek) to tear up. mureh olu rangkadu He died with his eyes wide open. rabidu ad). « Mal. rabit) torn, tattered. rangkah V.I. 1. to pull out. 2. to extract. cabu rt. 1. tail. 2. pigtail. 3. Chinese. rangkah denti to extract a tooth. 3. to .:. rabu di galu 1. top of mainsail uproot. 4. to open wide .•:. rangkah which may be reefed in. olu 1. to stare. 2. to keep awake. 2. weathercock. rabu di olu comer of the eye. olah ku rabu di olu to look ranya h V. I. 1. to scratch. 2. to strum a out of the comer of one's eye. dali ku stringed instrument. rabu di olu to glance. !!lnyu n. snot. rabutih v.i. to snatch. ralli!duad j. shaved, shaven. rachadu adj. cracked. rapah V.t. to shave.

rachah v. t. to crack.• :. sinu rachadu ra.lli!!!,gn. grey mullet [Zool. Iiza !!lchun. rivulet, stream. sub viridis and Mugil dussumieri]. rafi!!!!du adj. refined. ca� n. 1. (handsome) young man. 2. fellow. ragaEdu adj. folded up (sleeve of shilt, leg of trousers). rapiamintu n. fever, chill.

ragatera n. middleman in business rapikah v. i. to resound, to strike. Sinu dealings. di greza ta komesah rapikah The church bell is beginning to strike. raginyadu ad). 1. grinning. 2. smiling. raranya rt. spider. See also labalaba. raginya h v.i. 1. to grin. 2. to smile. raskundeh V.t. to answer, to reply. raiba v.i. to be angry .•:. raiba ira to be furious. raskunya n. clan. ra!nya n. queen. raspah v. I. to scrape. ra� n. root. raslli!lli: n. gold-digger, a woman who exploits personal attractiveness for rakuah V.t. 1. to move back. 2. to move fi nancial gain. aside. 3. to retrace one's steps . V.t. •: . rakuah di kaminyu to make way. rastah to drag. rastah peu to drag one's feet. rakuleh1 V.I. 1. to gather up. 2. to tidy up. rasti�du See bida rastizadu. rakuleh2 v.i. to retire, to go to bed. ratah v. i. « Mal. ratah) to eat food rakulidu ad). 1. gathered up, tidied up. without rice accompaniment. 2. retired for the night. rateru rt. 1. mouse-trap. 2. rat-trap. ra!!!£la rt. gummy secretion of the eye. ratiah V.t. arch. to rob, to steal. ramidi n. employment, work. !!lturt. mouse. ratu fedeh rat. !!lmun. branch of a tree .•:. ramu di floris bunch of flowers. raweh n.(< Mal. rawai) a fishing-line of mUltiple lines and hooks attached to a ranchu rt. 1. group of friends. 2. group of line of buoys. performers .•:. ranchu ranchu in a Kristal1g-El1glish dictiollary 77

!:!!ya Il. stingray. renggu Il. quarrel. .:. ungua renggu di !:!!yu adj. 1. badly behaved. 2. wicked. stori a rambling story, a long-winded story. 3. lightning.• :. Yo logu dali rayu yo nadi fazeh (lit. lightening may strike rentu (drentu) adv. 1. inside. na rentu me, I won't do it) There is no way I on the inside. 2. within. Rentu di dos will do it. anu yo ja komprah kareta Within razlll!du adj. tom. razgadu rumpidu two years I bought a car. .:. rentu di tattered and tom. while. Rentu di olotu ta andah, olotu 10 kantah While they are walking, razgah v.t. to tear. they will sing. re Il. king. rel!! Il. shelter. dah repairu to give rebang 11. « Mal. reball) enclosure, pen, shelter. tomah repairu to take shelter; for animals. see also sombrah. rebolta Il. fuss. amoku rebolta fuss and reparah v.t. 1. to observe. 2. to watch noise. with suspicion. recheu Il. stuffing. repenti adj. naughty, mischievious. redada Il. abundance. reposta (dposta) Il. reply. redi Il. fishing-net. repostah v.t. 1. to answer, to reply. redondu See redonu. 2. to answer back. redonu (redondu) adj. round. resebeh v.t. to receive. regulasang Il. regulation, rule. re�ti adv. arch. recently. reinu Il. arch. kingdom. r�a v.t. to feel awkward, ashamed. Eli resia ke bai bos sa kaza He feels rejidoh (rejidor) Il. 1. village head or awkward about going to your house. chief. 2. head man of the Portuguese l Settlement, Malacca. restah v.i. arch. to rest. See also tomah restu. rejidor See rejidoh. restah2 v.t. arch. to touch, to reach. rekadu Il. 1. message. 2. regards, Sa kabelu restah umbru Her hair compliments. Dah rekadu ku bos sa reaches her shoulders. mai Give my regards to your mother. !:§tu n. 1. rest, relaxation. 2. rest, rekah v.i. « Mal. reka) to lie. papiah remainder. rekah to tell lies. retah n. « Mal. retak) crack. relijang 11. religion. retratu Il. arch. picture, painting. See relwe 11. « E. railway) railway. also pintura. remah v.t. to row. retreti n. arch. toilet. �mu Il. oar. l retu (d retu) adv. truly.• :. retu korsang renah v. i. « Mal. rel1ollg) to sincerely. Bos ja falah ku retu contemplate, to think reflectively. korsang You spoke sincerely. nmdaIl. 1. crochet lace, lace. 2. netting �tu2 adj. 1. correct, right. 2. true. used for the main net of the .:. fazeh retu to repair. retu-retu langgiang. correctly. rendah v. i. to crochet, to make lace. rezah v.i. to pray. 78 Kristang-English dictionary rezang n. reason. See also kauzu . Ropi!DU ad}. European. •: . dah rezang to argue (with parents !Qstu n. 1. face. rostu ku rostu face to or elders). kai na rezang to be face. rostu di abana moonface. convinced. Eli nadi kai na rezang 2. face, honour, dignity. pedreh rostu He will not be convinced. to lose face, to lose honour, to lose rezu n. prayer. one's self-respect. ri v.i. to laugh. !Qta n. cane. riba adv. 1. above. 2. up .•:. na riba at roza n. rose.• :. roza menggaring the top, on the top. na riba di on top jasmine. of. !!!a n. road, street. ribichi n. « D. ribbetje) rib. rubalu n. threadfin, tassle-fish [ZooI. rifa n. hand of playing-cards. Polynemidae). rubalu brangku threadfin, tassle-fish [Zool. rifah v. t. to raffle. Eleutheronema tetradactylon). rubalu rikeza n. riches, wealth. pretu threadfin, Indian tassle-fish riku adj. rich, wealthy. [Zool. Polynemus indicus). rintada See intrada. rudiah v.i. to stroll. rudiah pasiah to rintah See intrah. stroll and ramble. riposta See reposta. ruibu n. emperor bream fish [Zool. Lutjanus sebae]. riska n. 1. line, stripe. 2. scratch. 3. slit. 4. parting of the hair. ru.!!ll!du ad}. arranged. riskadu adj. dangerous. rumah V.t. to arrange. riskah V. t. 1. to risk, to venture. rumang n. pomegranite. 2. to endanger. 3. to slit. 4. to part hair. rusah v.t. 1. to sharpen. rusah faka to risku n. risk. sharpen a knike. 2. to rub. rusah mizinya to rub on medicine. riu n. river. .:. boka di riu estuary. pesi di riu freshwater fish. rus!iku ad}. brazen. rizu n. 1. smile. 2. sneer. !Qdan. wheel. rogah V. t. 1. to entreat. 2. to pray for. s roisu adj. purple. sa (se) (§y,a)poss. rei. indicator of !Qkuad j. hoarse. possession. Maria sa kaza Maria's rolah V.t. to roll. house. yo sa kaza my house. Akeh rombah V.t. arch. to break in. kaza yo sa That house is mine. rondadi V.t. to scold. sabang n. soap. agu di sabang soap suds. bola di sa bang soap bubble. rondah V.I. 1. to patrol. 2. to go on a round. sabdu 11. Saturday. rongkah v. i. to snore . sabeh (se) V.t. 1. to know, to know a fact, to be aware of. 2. to know how to. !QPa n. clothing. ropa suzu soiled .:. ki yo sabeh as far as I know. dah clothes. sabeh to inform someone of Kristang-E nglish dictionary 79

something. fazeh sabeh to inform Sakra (YiaSakra) 11. Way of the Cross someone of something. (traditional Catholic ceremony on saboh See sabor. Fridays during Lent). n. sabola n. onion. fola sabola spring sakramintu sacrament. onion. sabola keninu shallots. sakri!1su n. sacrifice. sabor (saboh) n. taste, flavour. .:. Yo sa §!!kristi n. « E. sacristy) sacri sty. korpu nteh sabor I am not feeling saku n. 1. pocket. 2. pouch. well. sakudih v.t. 1. to shake off, to clean by sabrozu adj. 1. tasty. 2. delicious. beating or shaking. 2. to dust, to clean 3. pleasing, pleasurable. by dusting. sadrinya n. shad fish, gizzard shad [Zool. sal n. salt. .:. Yo ja kumih sal antis di Nematalosa nasus and Dorosoma bos I know better than you. nasus]. sala n. arch. sitting-room. safah v.t. to slaughter by cutting the salada n. . throat. I • salbador See salvador. safrang n. 1. saffron. 2. tumenc. sal�du adj. 1. salty. 2. salted.• :. boka saga n. « Mal. saga) Indian pea, a seed salgadu prophetic. Eli sa boka used in jewellery [Bot. Adenanthera salgadu He can predict the future. pavonina). salobra adj. unpalatable (said of water). samdu adj. sacred. saltah v.i. to jump. sagrah (konsagrah) v.t. to consecrate. saltu adj. 1. shocked. startled. See also sagrasang (konsagrasang) n. fikah saltu, subih saltu. 2. iII, when a consecration. child becomes ill after being exposed §!!gu n. sago. to the night air. See also fikah saltu, saguati n.« H. saughiit) gift, present; subih saltu. generally occurs with a reduced salvador (salbador) n. saviour. indefinite article: nsaguati a present. v.t. t salvah to save (someone), to rescue. sai v. i. 1. to exit. 2. to leave. salvarnintuun def Only occurs in the 3. to happen, to occur. Ki logu sai? expression saudi salvarnintu safe and What will happen? Yo, ki ja falah ja sound. sai What I said happened .•:. sai bong to come off well, to succeed. Sai di salvasang n. salvation. olu! Get out of my sight! salvazi adj. stupid. 2 sai v.t. to emit. .:. Eli ja sai doi He sarnal adj. « Mal. sarna)equal , same. payed out money, was obliged to pay See also igual. out money. Ja sai kontriasang an §!!rna2 n. « Mal. sarnak)dye made from argument occurred. sai sanggi to the bark of a tree and used to bleed. Eli ta sai sanggi He is strengthen fi shing nets. bleeding. sai sor to sweat. sa!!!!tra n. heavy storm from south-west �)t adv. « Mal. sahaja) g;a only, direction of Malacca. See also bentu just. Yo ja komprah dos saja sarnatra. I bought only two. See also namas. sarniang See sa amiang. g;a2 See sanaja. 80 Kristang-English dictionary sampeh adv. « Mal. sarnpai) until. See sarong n. « Mal. sarong) skirt of Malay also ati. origin wornby older Kristang women. sam2!ga n' leech [Zool. Hirudinea]. saroti n. saw. san hon. det. rnasc. saint. San Antoni sasenta See sesenta. Saint Anthony. San Juang Saint John. saspan n. « E. saucepan) saucepan. San Pedru Saint Peter. satenta nurn. seventy. sa.!ll!.ia (gja) adv.( < Mal. sengaja) saudadi V.t. to miss, to long for. Maria purposely. saudadi ku sa mai Maria misses her sandeh v.I. to ignite, to set alight, to light. mother. sandidu ad). lit. sa!!din. 1. health. 2. cheers, a toast to sanggi 11. blood.• :. kemah sanggi to be a someone's well-being. lantah saudi to nuisance. drink a toast, to raise a toast. sanggidadi n. blood-relation. IDa n. long skirt worn by bride at sangguentadu adj. bloody. traditional Kristang wedding. san�gu n. respite, rest. se See sa. ' santa II. fe rn. saint. se See sabeh. santa2 hOIl. del.fe rn. saint. Santa �da n. silk. bichu seda silkworm. Katarina Saint Catherine. sedeh See asedeh. santadu adj. seated. sedi n. arch. thirst. matah sedi to quench 1 santah v. i. !. to sit. santah koka to one's thirst. See also sikura. squat. santah pau pedra to sit sedu adv. early. motionless. 2. to sit down .•:. santah segn:ta See sekreta. agu puddle, stagnant pool. santah �a adv. « Mal. sahaja) alone. See also kareta to go by car. Maria ja santah onsong. kareta bai Muar Maria went to Muar by car. santah prau to go by boat. sekah v.I. to wipe .•:. sekah tinta to paint. santah2 v.I. to become. santah bariga to become pregnant, be pregnant. santah sekreta (sikreta) (sign:ta) (segn:ta) n. bichu to become infested. toilet. See also kakus, retreti. mntu 11. saint rnasc. Dia di Tudu Santu �ku ad). 1. dry. 2. empty (of liquid). All Saints' Day.• :. Santu Papa the .:. agu seku low tide. seku broke, Pope. cleaned out, out of money. sa.p!!tu n. shoe. se!ID'a See asiJaya. saportah v.I. « E. support) 1. to support, selebrah v.I. 1. to celebrate. to bear weight of. 2. to support 2. to celebrate, to officiate (mass). morally. selebrasang n. arch. celebration. saradu ad). arch. closed.• :. olu saradu Selon (Selun) n. (Sri Lanka). half-closed eyes. Selun See Selon. sarah v.I. to saw. sempri adv. always. sarampa 11. measles. sen n. « Mal. sen, E. cent) cent. se.!ll!.ia See sengaja. Kristang-English dictionary 81

I seng af f. yes .•:. dah seng to become seu 11. 1. sky. 2. ceiling. 3. heaven .

engaged. •: . seu di boka roof of the mouth.

2 • seng prep. WIt. h out. ••• seng agu, seng sez llurn. six. sal without humour. seng balor �za �zu) adv. arch. 1. if. Seza bos ja worthless. seng mas without much pedreh, nang dibeh! If you have lost ado. seng per nada in vain. seng it, don 't worry! See kantu. 2. either. persih for no reason, for nothing. seng Seza Anna ke Maria ja kebrah akeh rezang without cause or reason. seng kadera Either Anna or Maria broke sintidu senseless. that chair.• :. motri seza never, on no sengaja (se!!.!!.ia) adv. « Mal. sengaja) account. seza ungua (sezungua) purposely, on purpose. either one, one or the other. Sezungua senga t n. « Mal. sengat) sting. Mel sa misti beng One or the other must sengat fazeh inchadu A bee's sting come. causes swelling. sezu See seza. sentensia n. 1. punishment. 2. criminal si adv. arch. if. Si ja kai, ja mureh sentence. If he had fallen, he would have died. sentu num. hundred. nsentu one See kantu. hundred. sentu di hundreds of. Siam See tera Siam. sentupeh n. centipede. si!!! n. « Mal. siar) plank under the �ra n. 1. Spanish mackerel [Zool. gunwale of boat. Scomberornorus guttatus and si!!ra(sin yo ra) hon. det. madam, formal Scornberornorus cornmersoni]. See term of address .•:. siara siuris ladies also pesi sera. 2. wax. and gentlemen, term used at Kristang sereh n. « Mal. serai) lemon-grass. weddings (in the speech by the [Bot. citratus]. kumpadri) or on other formal occasions. Siara siuris, isti teng se�nu n. dew. agu di serenu dew. saudi di noiba kum nuibu Ladies and .:. drumih na serenu to sleep in the gentlemen, this is a toast to the bride open. and groom. serkadu adj. enclosed, fe nced. sibridera n. fe rn. arch. housemaid. serkadura 11. fe nce. sibridor n. rnasc. arch. houseboy. serkah V.t. to enclose with a fe nce, to sibrih V.t. 1. to use. 2. to wear. sibrih fe nce. doh to wear mourning. serpenti n. dragon. sibrisu n. work, occupation .•:. fai sertu �tU)l adj. correct, true. sibrisu (fazeh sibrisu) to work. 2 sertu �tU) adv. certainly, it is certain. sidadi n. city. sertumintu adv. certainly. sifah V.t. to dupe. se§.!:.!!ta (sa§.!:.!!ta) nurn. sixty. sigili V.t. 1. to fo llow. 2. to accompany. sestafera n. Friday. 3. to chase away. Sigih akeli kachoru! Chase that dog away! 4. to sestu n. basket. attend. sigih misa to attend mass. seti nurn. seven. sigih motri to attend a funeral .

�tu See sertu. •: . sigih kuh di jenti to imitate others. 82 Kristang-English dictionary

signifikadu n. arch. meaning. melo]. siput chupah kuh hom shell signifikah V.t. arch to mean. [Zool. Cerithidea obtusa]. simdu n. secret. abrih sigredu sirtuna (siturna) ad). 1. eerie. gloomy. to disclose a secret. gadrah sigredu 2. unduly quiet atmosphere. to keep a secret. siseh n. « Mal. sisir) bunch. ngua siseh simta See sekreta. di figua bunch of . sigunda num. ard. second. sigunda sista!!!!!nya n. 1. witness. 2. evidence. mang second-hand. sistih1 V.t. to insist. 2 sigundafera n. Monday. sistih See asistih. sigurah V.t. 1. to hold. 2. to save food or situ rna See sirtuna. money. siuh See sinyor. sikreta See sekreta. siumi1 adj. jealous (for amorous �ku « Mal. siku) See mango siku di motives).

mango siume n. jealousy (for amorous motives). sikura ad). thirsty. kureh ku siumi to become jealous. silensiu n. arch. silence. sim:See sinyor. simateru (simitera) n. arch. cemetery. siuris n. gentlemen. Occurs only in the See also oiteru. expression siara siuris ladies and sinal n. J. birthmark. 2. signal. 3. sign. gentlemen. which is used in speeches. sinal di krus sign of the cross. �zu adj. sober. singku num. fi ve. skabeladu ad). disorderly. singkuenta num. fifty. skada n. 1. ladder. 2. stair.• :. tilu di sin!!du n. 1. meaning. sense. 2. wits. skada rung of a ladder or of stair. 3. intelligence. 4. feeling. opinion. skada-skada terraced. sintih V.t. to feel. skakah adj. miserly. See kaskaria. sintimintu n. feeling. opinion. skaldi!!du adj. scalded. �nu n. bell. skaldiah V.t. to scald. sinyo r (siQ!) (siQh) (sim:) (siuh) han. skama n. fish scale. det. Mr. sir; formal term of address. skapah V.t. 1. to escape. 2. to avoid . •: . Siur Murtu 1. the Dead Christ. skara n. phlegm. 2. statue of the Dead Christ. skel See olu skel. sinyo ra See siara. skerdu adj. left. sinza n. ash. skiseh V.t. to forget. sioh See sinyor. ski�du ad). forgotten. fazeh skisidu siQ!See sinyor. to pretend to have forgotten. siozu ad). envious. skola n. school. n. simla wood plane. skopa n. chisel. sipilah V.t. to plane wood. skorpiang n. scorpion. ut n. « Mal. siput) snail. .:. siput brufa bailer shell [ZooI. Cymbium Kristang-English dictionary 83

skota n. mainsheet, rope controlling sombra n. shadow. See also dah setting of mainsail. .:. ja danah skota sombra. exclamation of dismay. sombradu adj. Used only in mal skrabu n. 1. slave. 2. servant. sombradu haunted. Akeh kaza mal skribang n. clerk. sombradu That house is haunted. sombrah v.i. V.t. to shade. skribeh V.t. to write .•:. les skribeh to & 1. read and write. 2. to shelter. See also dah sombra. sombrelu n. umbrella. skrima n. confirmation in the Catholic faith. sondah See sundah. skuleh V.t. 1. to choose, to select. soneh adj. little. 2. to sort, to pick through. skuleh aros song n. 1. noise, sound. 2. . to clean rice by picking out the husks 1 sonu n. 1. dream. 2. sleep. sonu lebi and other impurities. skuleh pesi to light sleep. sonu pezadu heavy sleep. sort a catch of fi sh. §Qnu2 adj. sleepy. pedreh sonu to get skumu n. foam, froth. over feeling sleepy. skundeh v.i. & V.t. to hide .•:. skundeh sOlli!duSee muladu, sopadu muladu. osu to attempt to avoid work, to shirk. sor n. sweat. .:. sor kansera sweat and skundidu adv. 1. hidden. 2. in secret. toil, toil. skuridang n. darkness. §Q!ti �ti) 11. kind, type .•:. sorti mesu skuru adj. dark. thus. ki sorti 1. how. 2. how are you? skutah See kustah. sospan See saspan.

.•. smola (s molna) n. alms : pidih smola §Qtan. queen in a deck of playing cards. to beg alms. spada 11. 1. sword. 2. spade in a pack of smolna See smola. playing cards. sofrong n. blowpipe, bamboo or metal spaladu adj. spread, scattered. pipe used for blowing on a fire to spaJah V.t. to spread, to scatter. increase heat. spangkah V.t. to beat. .:. spangkah to eat §Qgran. mother-in-law. sogra sogru or drink heartily. spangkah aros to parents-in-law. have a hearty meal of rice. §Qgru n. father-in-law. spantu n. surprise. soitah V.t. to thrash, to whip. Spanyo ll adj. Spanish. tera Spanyol sokong n. « Mal. sokong) boom of sail. Spain. 2 sol n. sun. diseh sol sunset. Spanyo l 11. 1. . solda n. « D. zolder) upstairs part of a 2. person of Spanish nationality. two storey house. 3. Spain. soldadu n. soldier. spa su 11. arch. 1. space. 2. period of time. soItadu adj. 1. loosened. 2. freed. spektah V.t. arch. to expect. soltah V.t. 1. to loosen. 2. to free. �lu 11. mirror. soltu adj. 1. free. 2. loose. spendor (splendor) 11. arch. splendour. sombeng n. « Mal. sombeng) harelip. sperah (perah) V.t. 1. to wait. 2. to hope. 84 Kristang-English dictionary

spenmsa 11. experience. customarily told to children and at wakes. spertu ad}. clever, expert. stradu n. 1. platform. 2. stage. 3. dais or spiah v.t. to peep, to spy. couch on which the bride and groom spin�da See spinggarda. traditionally sat in state at Kristang spinggru:da(spin� da) (springgru:da) weddings. n. gun, musket. strani£ru 11. 1. foreigner. 2. stranger. n. minyu 1. fish-bone. 2. thorn. strela n. star. strela di singkora (strela mirun. sneeze. dah spiru to sneeze. di pamiang) the morning star. •: . splendor See spendor. strela ku rabu meteor. strela di mar starfish [Zool. Asteroidea]. spregah v.t. to massage. stretu adj. 1. strict. Bos sa mai pai sprimih v.I. 1. to squeeze. 2. to wring. stretu? Are your parents strict? springgru:da See spinggarda. 2. straight. 3. rigid. spritu 11. spirit. Spritu Santu Holy strikah v.t. to iron. See also pasah striki. Spirit. striki n. « D. strijk, strijken) iron (for sta tma. part. arch. 1. emphasises a past ironing clothes). event as prior to another event in the strobah v.t. 1. to disturb. 2. to molest, past. Kora yo ja chegah, eli ja sta bai to rape. When I arrived, he had gone. 2. to be in the process of doing something; see stroi n. « D. strooien) confetti. pinchah also tao Yo sta konta stori ku bos stroi to sprinkle shredded I am conversing with you. leaves mixed with flowers and scented water over the bride and groom. stadu 11. dress.Used only in mudah stadu to change dress, to change into su undef Used only in nang su bida fancy dress (as part of the intrudu never ever. tradition). s!!aSee sa. staka n. sea-wall. s.lli!h v.i. 1. to blow one's nose. 2. to snort stai ll. « D. Sial) stable. §lli!sa n. « Mal. suasa) gold aHoy. stamu n. stomach. subezu quallt. 1. excess, more than stera n. woven straw or grass mat. sufficient. 2. extra. steu 11. stay, support, brace. subiah v.i. arch. to whistle. See fufah. stHu See stiru. subih v.i. & v.t. 1. to climb. 2. to go up. 3. to rise.• :. subih bentu to have a fit. sti!!duad }. stretched out. .:. kai stiradu subih bontadi to get a craving for. na chang to fall flat on the ground. subih duru to go into a trance. subih stirah v.t. 1. to stretch. 2. to stretch intentadu arch. to get angry. subih oneself. ira to become angry. subih korlas stiru (illlu) 11. 1. custom. 2. rules. arch. to become enraged or infuriated. 3. details. subih nuzu to become nauseated. sto.!:£ru n. person who likes to converse a subih saltu to get a fright, to be taken aback. subih soi l. sunrise. to lot, a long-winded person. 2. dawn; see also maneseh. subih raiba stori 11. story .•. stori rainya traditional : to become angry. subih sustu to get a story, of Asian or European origin, Kristang-English dictionary 85

fright. subih tolu to become angry. §!!pu n. « Can. sup) tray made from subih trapah to climb all over. bamboo strips. subrinya n.fem. niece. �ra n. « Can. sur, San. sura) toddy, subrinyu n.masc. nephew. a drink consisting of palm sap. summi n. « Mal. serambi, Ma. xrambi) subri§£lan. arch. eyebrow. porch, verandah. sudeh See susedeh. §!!!du See sudru. sudru (surdu) �du) adj. deaf. sudu i. to smile. mudu deaf and dumb. surih v. (sudeh) (susudeh) V.t. sudu See sudru. susedeh to happen, to occur. sufrahl V.t. to blow. suse.2!!du adj. 1. carefree. 2. peaceful, 2 V.t. to whisper. sufrah tranquil. sufrih v.i. 1. to suffer. 2. to bear, susegah v. i. to be carefree. to endure. susesu n. 1. incident. 2. accident. Ja sufrimintu n. suffering. sudeh ngua susesu There has been an sugah V.t. to dry in the sun. accident. �kri n. sugar. susi n. « D. soesje) eldest sister. suku n. « Mal. suku) quarter. nsuku suspetah V.t. to suspect. (= ngua + suku) a quarter. J sus�tu n. suspicion. I Sul adj. south, southerly. bentu sui sus�tu2 adj. suspicious. southerly wind. sustentah V.t. to sustain. sul2 adv. south. sul lesti south-east. n. sui uesti south-west. sustentu sustenance. �ma See chuma. �tu n. fright. sU!lli!na n. week. susudeh See susedeh. n. sumbrelu n. umbrella. suzu 1. rubbish. 2. fi lth. 3. excrement. sumiah See sunyah. suminti n. seed. sundah V.t. I. to sound, to check the T depth of water. 2. to evaluate, to sound tma. part. out. ta to be in the process of, currently, presently. Eli ta bai Muar sungkor n. « Mal. sungkor) push-net, He is going to Muar. especially for gragoh. Similar to the langgiang but with a finer net and tabaku n. tobacco. without a trap-bag. tabikeru n. giblet. l sunyah V.t. to dream. Yo ja sunyah ku tabu n. plank .•:. tabu di lama wood

bos I dreamt about you .•:. sunyah platform placed on the seabed when papiah to talk in one's sleep. belampang fi shing. sunya h (sumiah)2 V. t. to plant. sunyah tabuang n. wasp. tropa di tabuang labrah to farm . swarm of wasps. §!!pa n. soup. tachu n. frying pan. 86 Kristang-English dictiol1ary tadri

tersafera (tesafera) n. Tuesday. tokah1 v. mod. 1. to have to, to be tersu

tezah V.t. to tighten .•:. tezah bariga had a spell put on one through food. to tighten one's belt, to economize. tokah furah to be tricked. tokah tezu adj. tight. ngganah to be cheated, to be swindled. tokah rondadi to be ya n. aunt; formerly also a term of scolded. address. tokah2 V.t. 1. to touch. 2. to play a tiang n. children's game in which coins musical instrument. are rolled down a ramp. tolah V.t. « Mal. tolak) to push. tinta n. 1. paint. 2. ink. toleti n. rowlock. tinteru n. arch. inkwell. tolu ad). angry. subih tolu to become tirah V.t. 1. to extract, to take out. angry. 2. to remove. 3. to take off. .:. tirah amostra to take a sample. tirah bichu tomah V.t. to take. tomah amostra to to give birth out of wedlock. tirah take a measurement. tomah bateh pedu to fart. tirah pintura to take a kabesa or tomah batemintu to take photograph; see also tomah pintura. pains, to take trouble over. tomah tirah prigisa to stretch oneself when kauzu to take an interest in. tomah yawning. konta to take notice, to heed. tomah konta di to take care of.• :. tomah yres shreds. n. fo rsa to gather strength. tomah yru n. shot. krensa to adopt. tomah parti to tiseh V.t. to dam. participate. tomah parti di to take sides. ti�du adj. darned. tombong n. « Mal. tombong) small ysika n. arch. consumption, tuberculosis. coconut growing inside another yu n. uncle; also formerly term of coconut. address. tom.l!Q! ad}. « Mal. tompol) blunt. See tizala n. earthenware cooking pot. also kebrah olu. tizeh (trizeh) V.t. to bring. tona adv. again. di tona again. ti!Qra11. scissors. n. « Mal. tong) bin. 5 tochang n. (Hok. thau tsani) plaits. tongkah 11. « Mal. tongkat) walking­ tokadu ad). drunk .•:. pedreh tokadu to stick. become sober. 88 Kristang-English dictionary

tongkang n. « Mal. tongkang) large tres num. three. wooden fishing boat of Chinese origin, tre�ru num. o rd. arch. third. junk. tresu See tersu. tontong n. « Mal. tontong) tortoise. trevas Used only in kuartafera di trevas topah See ntopah. Wednesday of the Holy Week. tOru!du See dati topadu. trevasah See trevesah. to!!!du adj. 1. toasted. 2. dry-fried. trevasang n. cross-beam. torah V.t. 1. to toast. 2. to dry fry. trevesah (trevasah) V.t. 1. to cross. tordu!!du adj. arch. 1. confounded. 2. to cross (a street, a space). 2. stupefied. .:. trevesah mang to fold one's arms. tortu (!Qtru) adj. 1. blind. 2. crooked. trevesah peu to cross one's legs. 3. bent. trezi num. thirteen.

tosi n. cough. tri�ra n. arch. tigress .•:. fierce or tiger­ totru See tortu. like woman. · n. trabalu n. 1. difficulty. 2. trouble. trigi tiger. .:. chuma seti trigi very 3. problem. angry. trabalu2 adj. difficult. trigu n. wheat. farinya di trigu wheat flour. trabalya h v. i. to work hard. trimih v.i. 1. to tremble, to shudder. tradisang n. tradition. See also stiru. 2. to shiver. tragah V.t. arch. to swallow. trindadi adv. dusk, twilight. tragitu n. alcoholic drink of any kind. trinta num. thirty. trangka n. 1. chest, trunk. 2. crossbar (on !!jpan. intestines. a door). tristi adj. sad. trangJs£!du adj. locked, barred. fichadu trangkadu closed and barred. trite n. barnacles. trangkah V.t. to lock, to lock with a bar. trizeh See tizeh. Tran�ra n. Trankerah, a suburb of trokah v.i. to vomit. Malacca town. troku n. 1. tum. 2. exchange. trapah V.I. to climb. !!:lli!!ba n. 1. spout of water at sea. Also tras adv. behind, back. tras ku tras back tromba di agu. 2. trunk of an to back. tras may be treated as a noun elephant. when preceded by sa or by na. Na tronu n. arch. throne. tras teng tantu albi At the back there tropa n. 1. troop, gang. 2. swann. are many trees. Sa tras branku Its trosa n. bundle tied up in a piece of cloth. back is white .•:. di tras 1. behind. trosa occurs with a contracted 2. after, later. indefinite article: ntrosa (= ngua + V. t. tratah to treat, to behave towards. trosa) a bundle .•:. ntrosa di familia tratu n. burden. dah tratu to burden. a big family, a lot of children. tratuga n. turtle. trubada n. 1. thunder. 2. mischievous trempa See tempra. child. 3. annoying person. Kristang-English dictionary 89

trukadu adj. exchanged unintentionally. deaf ear. parah ubida to eavesdrop. ubida di abana protruding ears. trukah v.t. 1. to exchange. 2. to change. 3. to substitute, to replace. trukah ubib v.t. 1. to hear. 2. to listen .•:. ubih- lugah to change places. trukah ropa ubih according to hearsay. to change clothes. trukah sintidu to umbanda See mbanda. change one's mind. umbes See mbes. trumentah v.i. to torment, to hurt. !!!!!bru See ombru. trumfah n. the card of nine in trumfu or umparti See mparti. brinkah manila. uml!Qku See mpoku. trumfu n. 1. trump card in brinkah manila card game. 2. the brinkah unchinyu quant. a tiny bit. manila card game. undi adv. where .•:. undi-undi trumintu adj. painful. anywhere, wherever. .:. Per undi? Which way? Undi podi How can it be truseh v.i. & v.t. 1. to twist, to rotate. so? Undi podi baka abuah? How can 2. to wring, to wrench. Maria ja a cow fly? truseh eli sa ubida Malia twisted his ear. 3. to misrepresent (someone's ungua See ngua. words). Eli ta truseh yo sa palabra !!!!zi n. anointment. She is misrepresenting my words. !!nyan. fi ngernail, toenail. .:. kuma .:. truseh birah or birah truseh unya ku kandri like hand and glove, to twist and tum, to toss and tum. inseparable (said of good friends). truseh birah palabra to distort one's words, to cause misinterpretation. !!ZUn. custom, tradition. tru�du ad}. 1. twisted. 2. dishonest. .:. trusidu biradu entangled. tuala n. towel. v tudu quant. 1. all. 2. entire, whole. tudu dia the entire day. tudu mundu the !£!!tri n. arch. womb. entire world.• :. nus tudu all of us, we venseh v.i. arch. 1. to prosper. 2. to win. (inclusive, you and I). tudu banda Via Sakra See Sakra. everywhere. tudu mbes all, every. vindalu See bindalu. tudu mbes jenti everyone. tudu ki teng everyone present. vinial ad}. arch. venial . Used only in pekadu vinial venial sin. tufadu See mureh tufadu. virjim n. virgin. Used only in Virjim tumba n. bier (for carrying a coffin). Maria Virgin Mary. tuminyu n. dolphin [Zool. DoLphinus sp. viziru!sa n. arch. neighbour. and SteneLla sp.]. vi!!taSee bizita. vizitah See bizitah. vos (bos) n. voice. u ubida n. ear. .:. chegah na ubida to come to know. fichah ubida to tum a 90 Kristang-English dictionary

w z l �sti ad). west, westerly. zaminah See nsaminah. �sti2 adv. west. zornikah v.t. arch. to flog, to whip. zumbaria See jumaria. zuniah v.t. to punish corporally, to thrash. y zurah v.t. to scold. yo pro. 1. I. 2. me .•:. yo sa my, mine. yo sa kaza my house. Akeh kaza yo sa That house is mine. yuniang n. 1. union. 2. unity, cooperation. English-Kristang fi nderlist

A account konta. on account of sa konta. on no account motri seza. to give an account of dah konta. to take into a ngua. account konsidah. abandon largah . accuse kulpah. abandoned largadu, pinchadu. accustomed kustumi. abet kunsintih. ace as. abetting kunsintimintu. ache v. Iatizah. abettor kubitor, kunsentidera, kunsentidor. achieve alkansah. abide; to abide by kumprih. acquiesce kunsintih. able; to be able adj. kapas. acquiescence kunsintimintu. able v. podi. act obra, obradadi. abort pinchah krensa. action aksang, obra, obradadi. about kauzu di . add; to add to juntah. to add up (an above riba. account) botah konta. above all riba di tudu. address; to address (someone) falah. abscond dah bultu, fuzih. adjacent bodru. absent; to absent oneself dah bultu. admire kubisah. absolve dah pedrang, peduah. admonish grunyah. abundance gamel, redada. adopt keriah, tomah krensa. abuse 11. insultasang. adopted keriada, keriadu. adopted child abuse v. ; to abuse physically maltratah. fila keriada, fi lu keriadu. to abuse verbally insultah. adoration adorasang. accede asedeh, dah kaminyu. adore adorah. accept; to accept hardship kartah basah. adorn dekorah. accident di sgrasa, dizastru, susesu. adrift anyutu. accompany kompanyah, sigih. advice konselasang, konselu. to accompany musically kompanyah. advise dah konselasang, dah konselu, dah accomplice; accomplice in practical joke sintidu, konselah. asentidera, asentidor. adviser konselu. according; according to sa konta. aeroplane barku abuah.

91 92 English-Krista11g finderlist afar lonzi. although maski. affairs makamuku. alum pedrumi. affection afesang. always nteh par �ras, sempri. affliction maliduensa. amass gadrah. afraid ansiadu, midu. Amen Amen. after dispois, di tras, maniora, kabah. American Amerikanu. afternoon atadi. ancestry disimintu. afterwards dispois, maniora, kabah. anchor n. angkru. again mambes, di tona, tona. again and anchor v. angkrah. again birah bai, birah beng. anchored angkradu. against kontra. ancient antigu. agape boka abertu. and atimintu, ku. age 11. idadi. from what age? di ki anu? angel anju. age v. fikah belu. anger ira, korlas, tolu. to choke with agonize penah. anger bafah. to contain one's anger agree asedeh, bai hap, dah asinadu. badizeh sa peluzu. suppressed anger agreed? asedeh? imfri. agreement; to be in agreement kuntenti. angry brabu, ira, raiba, tolu. to be angry aid 11. aj udasang, aj udamintu, aj udu. raiba. to get angry, to become angry fikah raiba, subih intentadu, subih tolu. aid v. judah, kunsintih. anguish; to suffer anguish penah. aid and abet kunsintih. animal animal. ailment duensa, molestu. anise; star anise kanela. air ar, bafu. to get some fresh air tomah bentu, kumih bentu. anklebone olu di peu. alcoholic drink beberaza, binyu, tragitu. announce deklarah. to announce with malice dali breng-breng. alight disendeh. annoy agrabah, fazeh tolu, intentah, alight; to set alight sandeh. molestah, nfemah. alike chuma igual. annoyed intentadu. alive bida-bida. to be alive teng bida. anoint dah unzi, unzih. all tudu, tudu mbes. another otru. all kinds bera sorti, laya-Iaya, nasang- answer n. reposta, riposta. nasang. answer v. dah reposta, repostah, allow dah, desah. raskundeh. to answer back dah reposta, almost keh beng, mamenus, pertu. repostah. alms smola. to give alms fazeh smola. ant frumingga. white ant karier. alone on song, seja. anticipate dibinyah. already ja. anus buraku di kuh, olu di kuh. also pun, taming. anxiety ansia, ansiadadi. altar altar. anxious ansiadu, foru . English-Kristang finderlist 93 anybody kalkizera, keng-keng, keng-pun. arrive chegah. anyone kalkizera, keng-keng, keng-pun. arrogance grandeza. anything angkoza, kalkizera, ki-ki, nungka arse kuh. . .. nada, nang ... nada. artery bias. anywhere mparti, undi-undi articulate ad}. boka lebi. inarticulate boka apart mbanda. pezadu. ape buziu. artificial artifisiu, fal su. apostle apostulu. as asih, atimintu, chuma, kai. as far as ati. apparently diski. as if asilaia, chuma. as long as ati, atimintu. as soon as asih saja. as though appear parseh. chuma. as well pun, taming. as well as appearance kortadura. asih, atimintu. appetite apetitu, bontadi. to sharpen the ash sinza. appetite abrih apetitu, abri h bontadi. ashamed bergonya. to feel ashamed appointment premesa. bergonya, resia. appreciation gradesidu. aside mbanda. apprehension ansiedadi. ask pruntah. to ask a question preguntah, approach v. chapah. prunlah. to ask for something pidih. appropriate propi. ass buru. approximately andah, keh beng, assemble juntah. mamenus, mpoku mamenus, pertu. assertive poder. arc arku. assist atindeh, judah. arch arku. assistance aj udamintu, aj udasang. areca nut areka. associate with champurah, juntah. argue kontiah. to argue with elders dah assortment mistura. rezang. assume botah konta. argument kontiasang. Assumption Asunta. Assumption Feast argumentative boka bida. Festa di Asunta. arise igrih. asthma bafau. to have an asthma attack arm n. brasu, mango an arm's length subih bafadu. mbrasu. at na. at tbe appropriate time chega oras. arm V. armah. at first di numinti, primiru. armband lamfa. atheist ateu. armchair kadera ku brasu. atone pagah pinitensia. armpit bodi, ketia. attack atakah. aromatic cherozu. attain alkansah. around di dador. atap (thatched roof) ola. arrange arenjah, rumah. attempt V. prubah. to attempt to avoid arranged rumadu. work skundeh osu. arrangement arenjamintu. 94 English-Kristang fi nderlist

attend atindeh, asistih. to attend a funeral bad mal. sigih motri. to attend to olah. badly behaved abuadu, arneadu, attention; to pay attention abrih olu. malebadu, rayu. to pay attention to someone dah TOstU. bag bolsa. attitude andamintu. bah! dahl attractive bemfetu, bunitu. bail baldiah. audacious atrebidu, trubada. bailing bucket baldi di prau. audacity patri bizaru. bait n. iska. augment enkudah. bake asah. August ago stu baked asadu. aunt enti, tanta, tia. great aunt aboh tia. balance n. balansa. authority artudadi. balance v. balansah. authorization atorizasang. bald peladu. authorize atorizah, dah atordadi. ball bola. avoid elah, skapah. to avoid work lantah bamboo bambu. peu. banana fi gu. banana flowerja ntung. awake kordadu. to keep awake rangkah banana palm albi figu. olu. bangle gelang. awaken igrih, kodrah. banish distarah. aware; to be aware of (= to realize) dah ban (= wedding ban) pregang. konta. to be aware of (= to know) baptism batizmu. sabeh. to be aware of (= to recognize) baptize batizah. kordisih. baptized batizadu. awkward; to feel awkward resia. bar; to lock with a bar trangkah. axe machadu. barefoot diskalsu. bark v. ladrah. barking dogs don't bite kachoru ladrah nadi mudreh. B barley gor. barley water agu di gor. barnacles trite. baby krensa, meninu. baby boy krensa machu. baby girl krensa fem i. barred trangkadu. bachelor mansebu. barrel pipa. back adv. tras. at the back banda tras. basket sestu. the back of the hand kosta di mango bastard puta, familia di puta, fila di puta, filu di puta. back n. kosta. back to back kosla ku kosta, tras ku tras. bat n. musegu. backbone osu di kosta. bathe; to bathe baldiah, to take a bath labah korpu. back-breaking kebrah kosta. bawd alkubitera, alkubiteru. background chang. back-stitch bispontu. English-Kristang finderlist 95 be teng. to be at a location teng. to not be to become pregnant fikah prenya, nteh. there to be teng. to be (= to get or santah bariga. to suffer) tokah: to be caught tokah bed kama. to go to bed bai drumih, pegah. rakuleh. beach praya. bedbug putubezu. beak biku. bedridden batidu na cama. to be beam (of timber) bala. crossbeam bedridden kai na kama. trevasang. bedroom kambra. bean kachang. dried green bean kernel bee mel. munggu. four-angled bean botor, bredu beef kandri di baka. botor. before antis, antis di, antiming, antimintu. bear (a child) v. parih. beforehand mazanti. bear (= to endure, to withstand) v. beg pidih. to beg (= to entreat) rogah. to aguentah, petah, sufrih. beg alms abrih mang, pidih smola. bear (= to carry) v. kargah, lantah, lebah, begin komesah. petah. to bear a burden lantah bala. beginning komesu. from the beginning di bear (= to support a weight) v. saportah. antimintu. from the beginning to the bear ( = to yield) v. ; to bear fruit dah end di komesu ati fing, di numinti ati fruta. to bear interest dah ganyu. fing. in/from the beginning di nasensa, beard babra. di numinti, primiru. bearings altura. behalf; on behalf of kinyang di, pa fabor beast animal. di. beat (= to defeat) v. aturah. behaved; badly behaved rayu. beat v. bateh, dali. to beat something in behaviour aksang, andadura, andasang, order to clean it sakudih. to beat (= to manera. strike a person) bateh, maguah, abanah, behind banda tras, di tras, tras. one behind sakudih, spangkah. the other ngua tras (di) otru. beaten batidu. belief konfiansa. beating n. pangkada. a beating believe julgah, konfiah. mpangkada. bell sinu. to ring a bell dali sinu. beautiful asentu, bemfeta, bunita, neches. belly bariga. big-bellied person barigang. quite beautiful buniteza'. belly of a fish buchu. beautify nfetah. below basu, di basu. beauty buniteza. belt; belt worn by bride at traditional because kauzu di, kauzu ki, kifoi , porkih. wedding pending. because of that akeh kauzu. bench-seat bangku. beckon gapiah. bend dobrah. become fikah. to become happy alegrah. beneath basu di. to become engaged dah seng. benefitn. alkansadu. to become infested santah bichu. benefit v. alkansah. to become nauseated subih nuzu. 96 English-Kristang finderlist bent dobradu, tOitU. bless bensuah, benzeh. beside ilagra. blessed bensuadu, benzidu. best bong mbes, miyoh. blessing bensen. best man marah kronchi machu. blind tortu. bet n. apostu. blink birah olu, kleh. bet v. apostah. bloated inchadu. betel leaf betel. to chew betel leaf kumih block tapah. betel. blocked tapadu. better adv. mas bong, miyoh. bloody sangguentadu. betray fo .. gain bendeh. bloom v. abrih. between intresmiu. bloom v. abrih. bewitch fazeh. blotch n. mancha. bicycle baisikal. blouse; t ..aditional K ..is tang blouse bicycle shop butika baisikal. kabaya. bier; bie .. for carrying statues andor. blow n. pangkada, porada. bie ..fo .. ca.... ying a coffin tumba. blow v. frufah, sufrah. big grandi. blowfly moska di kakus. billion biliang. blowpipe (= bamboo 0 .. metal pipe used bin tong. fo.. blowing on fi .. e to inc.. ease heat) bi .. d pastu, pasturinyu. tailorbir d pampua. sofrong. birth nasensa, nasimintu. in childbi ..th blue azul. parida. f.. om bi ..th di disimintu, di bluish azuladu. nasensa. to give birth parih. to give blunt ad}. tom pol. birth out of wedlock tirah bichu. blunt v. kebrah olu. birthday anu. happy birthday! bong anu! boa .. d baroti. cutting boa .. d bangku. bi .. thmark marka, sinal. boast papiah alteza, papiah grandeza. biscuit biscoitu. boastful alteza. bishop bispu. boat prau. la .. fishing boat of Chinese bit (= piece, quantity); a tiny bit o ..igin (= junk) tongkang. to t ..avel by unchinyu. boat labeh. bite v. mudreh. body korpu. bitte .. marga. bitte.. gou .. d margozu. boil n. bisol. gum boil jinjibri prenya. black pretu. black man kafri . black boil v. frubeh. boil (food) in wate .. pasagu. woman kafrina. boiled frubidu. blame 11. kulpa. bold afotu. blame v. kulpah. bomb n. bomba. blanket panu kubrih. bomb v. bombah. bleed v. sai sanggi. blemish v. manchah. English-Kristang finderlist 97 bone osu. bone of nose pau di naris. break v. kebrah. to break a promise backbone osu di kosta. fish-bone kebrah promesa. to break in rombah. to spinyu. break open abrih. to break up gabartah. bonnet; baby's bonnet karpusa. breast mama, tete. book buku, libru. breastfeed dah leti onsong. boom (of sailing boat) gala, sokong. breath bafu. breath of wind bafu di bentu. bore (a hole) v. fazeh buraku, furah. breathe pusah bafu. bored busidu, disgostadu. breathless. to become breathless subih born; to be born naseh, parih. bafadu. borrow mpustah. to borrow money abrih bred kriadu. ill-bred mal kriadu. buraku, dali buraku. well-bred bong kriadu. boss kabesa. breed (of person) n. kasta, nasang. both dos-dos. low breed, of low breeding kasta basu. bother; don't bother (yourself) nang breed v. bakah, keriah. dibeh, ngka dibeh. why bother? ki bride noiba. dibeh? bridegroom nuibu. bottle botel. feeding bottle botel di leti. bridesmaid marah kronchi femi. bottom (= bottom of something which bridge ponti. has depth) fundu. bring tizeh. bovine baka. broach n; broach for fastening bow n. (= curtsey) mizura. traditional fe male dress korsang. bow v. (= curtsey) fazeh mizura. broke (= out of money) limpu, seku. bowsprit chaping. broken kebradu. broken in two kebrah box kepoh. collection box kasinya. dos. box for carrying betel nut and broom basora. broom made from accompaniments buseta. large box coconut palm frond basora ikal. broom (= chest, trunk) kasang. made from paddy stalks bas ora nili. boy krensa machu, machu. strike with a broom basoriah. boyfriend nuibu. broth kanji. brace n. steu. brother irmang machu. brother-in-law brain mulera. kunyadu, buih addr. elder brother ba buih eldest brother branch (of tree) ramu. addr. , addr. kanyong. eldest stepbrother kanyong brandy brandi. bastadu. stepbrother irmang bastadu. brassiere kutang. brown choklat, chokalati. light brown brave brani, animu, korsang animu. (= of skin colour) pagadu. brazen rustiku. bruise n. keda. bread pang. fresh bread pang moli. stale bruising n. keda. bread pang duru. brush brus. bread board bangku di pang. brute animal. 98 El1g1ish-Kristallg finderlist

bubble v. kolchah cake kukjs. See also aboh-aboh, bibingka, bucket baldi. bailing bucket baldi di prau. bluda, portugal. bud n. olu. calamity disgrasa. buffalo brufa. calf baka sa filu. build fazeh, lantah. to build a house calf (of leg) bariga di peu. lantah kaza. call v. chomah, gitah. to call on somebody bull baka machu. olah. to call out dah gritu, gritah, kaskah bullet piloru. gritu. to call someone names chomah nomi. to be called chomah. bunch n. kachu. bunch of flowers kachu di floris, ramu di floris. calm ad}. kalma. dead calm kalmaria. bundle trosa. bundle tied up in a cloth can n. lata. trosa. (tied) bundle maradu. can (= to be able) v. podi. buoy boya. attach to a buoy boyah. cancer kanka. burden n. tratu. candle kandia. burden v. to be burdened lantah bala. candlenut bokras. to burden someone dah tratu. to leave a candlestick katisal, pau di kandia. burden (for someone) Jargah braga. cane rota. burn v. adreh, kemah. cannon bombarda. burned kemadu. cannonball piloru. burnt by the sun ardidu. cannot mpodi. burst v. rabentah. canvas lona. bury ntarah. cap karpusu. business kauzu, makamuku, merkansia. capable kapas. but mas. capital propi. butter mantega. capsicum chili bedri. butterfingers dedu podri. capsize birah. buttocks kuh. captain kaptan. button butang. buttonhole kaza di butang. capture v. kaptah. buy komprah. to buy cheaply komprah car kareta. baratu. komprah dibda. to buy on credit carapace (= shell or skin of creature) to buy expensively kompra karu. to buy kapa. second-hand komprah sigunda mango card katra. gambling card karta di jogu, karta jugah. playing card katra. card of nine baza. deck of cards karta pakau. c trump card in bringkah manila trumfu. cabbage kobis. cardamon kadamundu. cabin (on ship) kambra. care 11. batemintu, kuidadu. cage gayola. care v. to care for biziah. to take care biziah kuidadu, tomah kuidadu. to take English-Kristang finderlist 99

care of tomah konta (di). to take good centipede sentupeh. care of amastimah. cent sen. one cent ndoi. carefree diskansadu, susegadu, bida certain; it is certain that erah di konta, mansebadu. to be carefree susegah. sertu. careful; to be careful biziah kuidadu. certainly memang, sertu, sertumintu. carpenter kapinteru. Ceylon Selon. carry kargah, kartah, lantah, lebah, petah. Ceylonese jenti Selon to carry a child kolu krensa. to carry chagrin disgostu. away lebah. chain 11. braga. cart kareta. chain v. bragah. carve taliah. chair kadera. cashew; cashew fruit kajus. cashew nut challenge v. afrontah. kajus. chance; to chance upon topah. cast v. ; to cast a fishing net pinchah redi. change n. small change doi finu. caste kasta. change v. trukah. to change clothes trukah castrate kapah. ropa. to change places trukah lugah. castrated kapadu. to change one's mind trukah sintidu. cat gatu. channel; sea channel bara. catarrh kataru. chant v. kantah. catch (of fish) n. intrada. chapel kapela. catch v. pegah, apanyah. to catch fire chaperone n. kompanyera, kompanyeru. pegah fogu. chaperone v. kompanyah. catechise katekizah. character nature (= nature, caterpiller bichu. temperament) bintura, kunisang, catfish bagri, lundu. natural. caught; to get caught tokah pegah. to get charcoal karbang. caught in the rain apanyah chua. charity karidadi. to do charity fazeh cauldron grenseng. smola. to live on charity bibeh di smola. cauliflower floris di kobis. chase v. sigih. to chase away sigih. caulk beriah. chastise kastigah. caulking tar azeti pau, breu. chastisement kastigu. cause n. kauzu. chat kontah stori. person who goes from cause v. kauzu. house to house chatting kontah potra. cavity buraku. person who likes to chat storero. ceiling seu. cheap baratu. quite cheap barateza. celebrate fazeh fe sta, selebrah. cheapness barateza. to celebrate (= officiate) mass cheat n. birasang. selebrah misa. cheat (= swindle) v. fazeh biradu, celebration aliada, selebbrasang. ngganah. to be cheated tokah ngganah. cemetery oiteru, simateru. 100 English-Kristang finderlist

to cheat at a game or at gambling Christian Kristang. brinkah churang. Christianity Kristangdadi. cheek kesada, patri bizaru. Christmas Natal. Christmas carols bersu cheers! saudi ! di Natal. Christmas Day dia di Natal. cheery alegri . Christmas Eve bespa di Natal. Happy cheese kezu. Christmas! Bong Natal ! chess dam. chuckle v. kuchikah. chest (= bosom) petu. chunk posta. chest (= trunk) trangka. church greza. chew mastigah. to chew without teeth chutney achar. mango chutney achar kunyal. mangga. chick fi lu di galinya. cigar churutu. chicken galinya. chicken meat kandri di cigarette fumansa. galinya. cinema bringku. chickenpox bisiga di agu. cinnamon pau dosi. chief kabesa. circumcise kortah ponta. child familia, krensa. child still weaning city sidadi, kotri. krensa di leti. impertinent child krensa clamp v. gapeh. to clamp on ganchah. di medra. mischievous child trubada. clan raskunya. children krensa-krensa. clap n.; clap of thunder guruguru. chill n. rapiamintu. clarification klareza. chilli chili. clarify dah kJareza. China tera China clarity klareza. Chinese China, rabu euph. of Chinese or clasp v. gapeh. Oriental physical appearance chinadu. clean ad}. limpu, asentu. Malacca Straits-born Chinese woman clean v. fai limpu, limpah. to clean by nyonya. shaking, beating or dusting sakudih. chip v. ; to chip wood taliah. to clean someone out (= take their chisel n. skopa. money) limpah. chocolate choklat, chokalati. cleaned limpadu. choke fugah, bafah. to choke to death clear adj. klaru. mureh fugadu, mureh tufadu. clear v. to clear a path or road abrih choked fugadu, tufadu. kaminyu. to clear grass or scrub cholera gumitah kagah, kolera. limpah. choose skuleh. clearly kJaru. chopsticks fachi. cleat; cleat peg on prow of boat olu di Christ; Jesus Christ Jizus Kristu. prau. the Dead Christ Siur Murtu. clench; clench one's fist fazeh punyada. christen batizah. clerk skribang. christening batizmu. clever chadu, kapas, spertu. English-Kristang finderlist lOl climb subih, trapah. to climb all over coconut oil azeti (di) koku. subih trapah. coconut palm albi koku. clitoris biku di fula. coconut shell chireta. clock orlozi. coddle (a child) dah korazi, dah rostu, clogs chakiah, klompu, prompa. mimah. close (= intimate) adj. frimi. coffee kofi. close (= near) adv. pertu. close to pertu. coffee shop butika kofi. to get close to chapah. coffin kasang close v. fichah. cold adj. friu. closed fichadu, saradu. eyes half-closed cold (= influenza)11. kataru. olu saradu. closed and barred fichadu collar kola. trangkadu. collect panyah. closely di pertu. to follow closely adv. collide; to collide with langgah. sigih di pertu. colour Idor. cloth panu. unsewn cloth panu krua. comb 11. penti. clothe kubrih. comb v. pentiah. clothed bistidu. combed pentiadu. clothing bistidu, ropa. combine champurah. cloud nubis. come beng. clove krabu. come across (= to encounter) ngkontrah, clown bobu. ntopah. club (= playing card) Idava, pau. come again beng tona coal karbang. as black as coal pretu chuma come and go bai beng. karbang. commandment mandamintu. coarse grosu. commemorate memorah. cobra kobra kapelu. commemoration memoria. coccyx osu di ku, osu di rabu. comment komentah. cock galu. weather cock rabu di galu. commit; to commit sin kartah pekadu. to cockatoo kakatua. commit something to someone's care cockfight briga galu. konfiah. cockle kerang. communion komunyang. to take Holy cockroach barata. Communion komungah. coconut koku. coconut in first stage of companion kompanyera, kompanyeru. growth kukinya. young unripe coconut compare komparah. lanya. small coconut growing inside comparison komparasang. another coconut tombong. to remove compartment; compartment in boat for inner shell of coconut from flesh storing fish petaka. kelotah. compassion piadadi. coconut dregs ampas. compassionate korsang moli. coconut frond ikal. 102 English-Kristang finderlist

compatible; to be compatible bai hap. consideration; to take into consideration compel aforsah. konsidah. compliment komplimintu. compliments conspirator kubitor. (= regards) rekadu. construct v. fazeh. compound (= yard of house) kinta!. consume v. kumih. comprehend intendeh. consumption (= tuberculosis) etika, comprehension ntindidu. tisika. conceit alteza. contain one's temper badizeh sa pelusu. conceited alteza. contemplate kontemplah, renah. concentrate on bateh kabesa. content kuntenti. concern n. batemintu, patri. contented kuntenti. contented at heart concern oneself tomah batemintu. korsang kuntenti. conclude (= to fo rm an opinion) julgah . contentment gozu, kuntentimintu. conclusion fi ng, kabah, parasang. contest v. kumbateh. condiments tempra. continually nteh per oras. condolence pezamutu. continue kontinah. confess komsah. continuously nteh parasang. confessor konfesor. contradict kontiah. confetti stroi. to throw or sprinkle contradiction kontiasang. confetti pinchah stroi. contrary; contrary to kontra. confidant tapador. contrition kontrisang. confidante tapadera. convent konventu. confidence konfiadu, konfiansa. converse falah, kontah stori, papiah. confirm konfinnah. person who likes to converse a lot bariga di stori. confirmation; confirmation in the Catholic faith skrima. convey pasah. confounded torduadu. convince; to be convinced kai na rezang. confused bariadu. to become confused cook n. kuzinyeraJem., kuzinyeru mase. birah kabesa, fikah bariadu. cook V. kuzinyah, kuzeh. confusion azbiru. cool fresku. congest mpachah. coolie kuli. congested mpachadu. cooperation yuniang. congratulations! folgamutu! copious cheu. consecrate konsagrah, sagrah. copper kobri. consecration konsagrasang, sagrasang. copulate bringkah, bringkah fula, fazeh consent 11. asinadu. obra, pasah sal, remah. consent V. asedeh, dah asinadu. copy V.; to copy others kureh tras di jenti. consider konsidah, kontemplah. coquet (= to flirt)V. chaskiah. cord kodra. English-Kristang finderlist 103 coriander; coriander seed kuentu. mangrove crab kanggrezu dodu. corner kantu. mask crab kanggrezu San Fransisku. coronation koruasang. crab hole buraku di kanggrezu. corporal kopral. crab trap bintor. corpse motri. crack n. retah. correct berdadi, retu, sertu. crack v. rachah. correctly retu, retu-retu. cracked rachadu. cost n. gastu, presu. to offset costs kotrah cradle n. boboi. konta. cradle v. boboi. costly karu. cramped gapidu. cotton algudang. printed cotton cloth crave teng bontadi chita, panu chita. craving bontadi. to get a craving for cough tosi. subih bontadi. counsel n. konselasang, konselu. crawl gatinyah. counsel v. konselah. crawling gatinyadu. count v. kontah. crazy doda, dodu. counterfeit money doi falsu. crevally pesi kabalu. countenance fesang, kara. credit; to give credit dah dibda. country tera. crest (of rooster) kresta. couple; a couple of mpar di. crevice abertura. courage animu. crib boboi. courageous animu. cricket griJu. court v. fazeh noiba, fazeh nuibu, bulih crochet 11. renda. rabu. to go courting bai ariah. crochet v. rendah. court case kesu. crocodile largatu. cousin primafem., primu masc. crooked tortu. cover n. kubitor, . cross n. krus. sign of the cross sinal di cover v. kubrih. krus. covered tapadu. covered in bostiadu, cross v. trevesah. to cross (a street, laguentadu. a space) trevesah. to cross one's legs covet kubisah. when seated trevesah peu. covetous kubisozu. cross oneself fazeh krus. cow baka femi. crossbar; crossbar on a door tranka. coward midurozu. crossbar on a langgiang pau sangkang. cowardly midaroza, midurozu. crossed kruzadu. crab kanggrezu. blue swimming crab crow 11. glara. kanggrezu aria. horseshoe crab crow v. kantah. blangkas, (karanggezu) kronchi. crowbar aJabangka. crown n. korua. 104 English-Kristang finderlist crown v. koruah. cursed mufineza. crucified krusifikadu. curtain; curtain on a window panu crucifix krusifisu. janela. curtain on a door panu potra. crucify krusifikah. curtain on a bed pabilang. crude diskompostu, grosu. to be crude, curtsey n. mizura. to speak crudely papiah grosu. curtsey v. fazeh mizura. crudely diskompostu. custard apple anona. cruel kruel. custom kustumi. custom (= something of crush chipeh, machukah. customary or traditional use) stiru, uzu. cry n. choru. cut ad}. kortadu. cry v. churah. to cry and wail choruprantah. cut v. kortah. to cut a deck of cards kortah. to cut and split kortah lezah. crybaby churang. to cut in two kortah dos. to cut open crying choru. fendeh. cuckold 11. uzduh. cuttlefish choka, choka manduku. cuckolded olu brangku. cuckoo kuku. cucumber pipinyu. D cuddle abrasah. cummin kuminyu. daddy pah, papah. cunning adj. chadu. daily kada dia. cunning 11. atri, chadisa. dais; dais on which bride and groom cup . sit in state at traditional Kristang cup and saucer kopi piring. weddings stradu. cupboard almari. dance n. balu, branyo. cure n. kura. dance v. balah. to dance branyo branyoh. cure v. dah kura. dandruff kaspa. curiosity kuzadadi. danger pirigu. something dangerous in curled up ngkulidu. the sea pesamintu. curl up ngkulih. to curl oneself up dangerous riskadu. ngkachipiah daring animu, korsang animu. current kurenti. to follow the current dark skuru. ariah. darkness skuridang. currently per oras. darn tiseh. curry kari. See also ambila, bindaluh, kari darned tisidu. debel, kari kaptan. date dia. curry puff chilikoti. daughter fila. adopted daughter fi la curse n. praga. keriada. only daughter fila onsong. curse v. dah praga, malisuah, pragiah. daughter-in-law nora. English-Kristang finderlist 105

dawn v. fikah lumi, maneseh, subih sol. demanding; mentally demanding kebrah day dia. day after tomorrow amiang otru kabesa. dia. day before yesterday onti otru dia, demean basah. onti otru dia truzadu. the entire day tudu demon demoni. dia. demonstrate dah mustrah. daytime di dia. dentures denti falsu. dead difuntu, ja mureh. deny negah. to deny the truth nggulih deaf sudru. to turn a deaf ear fazeh surdu, fogu. ficha ubida. depart dispachah, largah. deaf and dumb sudu mudu. depend dipendeh. dear (= expensive) karu. dependable; to be dependable baleh. death motri. depth fundeza. debase basah. descend diseh. debt dibda. to incur a debt abrih buraku, descendency disimintu. abrih dibda, fazeh buraku, fazeh dibda. deserted husband biubu mpidu. to pay a debt fichah buraku. person deserted wife biuba mpidu. who fails to honour debts birasang. deservedly propi. deceased difuntu, fetu alma. desire apetitu, bontadi. deceitful falsu, panu dos rostu. n. desire v. kereh. deceive fazeh besta, ngganah. despairing disperadu. deceiver ngganador. desperate disperadu. decent onestu. destiny fortuna. deck of cards karta pakau. details stiru. declare deklarah. devil diabu. decorate dekorah. devotion devasang. decorum; lacking decorum disonestu. dew serenu, agu di serenu. deed obra, obradadi. diamond diamanti. diamond (= playing deep fundu. quite deep fundeza, podi card) oru. aguentah fundu. dice n. dadu. deer biadu. die v. mureh. default; to default on a debt fazeh biradu, fazeh birasang. different difrenti. defeat v. aturah, pedreh. differently difrenti. defecate distripah, fazeh tras, kagah. difficulttra balu. defend difendeh. difficulty trabalu. great difficulty penah di trabalu. definition finisang. dig koreh. to dig out koreh. delay dilatah, durah. dignity rostu. delayed dilatadu. dinner; to give a dinner fazeh meza. delicious sabrozu. dip v. mergulah. deliver ntregah. 106 English-Kristang finderlist dipper gayong. dog kachoru. (male) dog kachoru machu. direction altura. bitch, female dog kachoru femi. dirty SUZU, bolor porkaria. doing n. fazemintu, obra, obradadi. disappear dah bultu, abuah. doll boneka. disaster dizastru. dollar; Malaysian ringgit pataka. disbelieve diskonfiadu. dolled up chanteria. discipline v. kastigah. dolphin tuminyu. disclose gumitah. to disclose a secret abrih domesticated jinadu. sigredu. donkey buru. disconsolate diskonsoladu. don't! nang! discontent diskuntenti. don't mention it (= you are welcome) discover diskubrih, achah sabeh. ngka nada. disease duensa, molestu. don't worry ngka dibeh. disgusted busidu. door porta. back door porta tras. front dishonest trusidu. dishonest at heart door porta frenti. korsang trusidu. dot n. pontu. dishonoured bergonya. double dobradu. dismantle kebrah. doubt diskonfiansa. dismantled kebradu. dough masa. to knead dough fazeh maio disobedient disubida. downhearted korsang bafadu. disorderly skabeladu. dozen duzing. displeasure disgostu. drag rastah. to drag one's feet rastah peu. dispute n. kontiasang dragon serpenti. dispute v. kontiah. drawer lachi. dissatisfaction disgostu. dream n. sonu. distant lonzi. dream v. sunyah. distend dilatah. drenched muladu sopadu. distended dilatadu. dress n. bistidu. to wear fancy dress distort; to distort one's words truseh mudah stadu. birah palabra. dress v. bistih. distraught bariadu. dribble n. babu. distrust n. diskonfiansa. dribble v. kai babu. distrust v. diskonfiadu. dried fish pachal, pesi seku. disturb agrabah, bulih, kachoh, strobah. drill v. furah. disturbed distrau. drink n.; alcoholic drink beberaza, binyu, tragitu. divorce V.; to divorce a husband largah maridu. to divorce a wife Jargah muleh. drink v. bebeh, chupah. do fazeh. drinker bebedor. bad drinker mal binyu. doctor dokta. iuveterate drinker peu di bebeh. English-Kristang finderlist 107 drip n. mpinggu. duty obrigasang. drip v. pinggah. dwelling kaza. drive away aloh, sigih. dye 11. ; dye made from tree bark and drizzle n. chua finu-finu,chua pichipichi. used for strengthening fishing nets sarna. drizzle v. kai chua finu-finu, kai chua pichipichi. dysentery kagah sanggi. to have dysentery teng kagah sanggi. drooping kaidu. drop n. (= drop of liquid) pinggu, gota. a drop mpinggu. drop by drop mpinggu-mpinggu. a little drop, E a droplet nggota. drop v. ; to drop or let fall deliberately each kada. each one kada kual, kada ngua, desah kai. to drop down kai. to drop kadizeh. each other (= one another) unintentionally bateh. ngua ku otru. each person kadizeh. drown mureh fugadu na agu, mureh na each time kada bes. agu. eagle lang. drum n. tambor. hand drum rabana. ear ubida. to beat a drum, to play a drum dali ear-basher storeru. tambor, dali rabana. ear-hole buraku di ubida. drunk ad}. maduru, tokadu. slightly early sedu. drunk bebdu. earn buskah, ganyah. to earn a living drunkard beberang. ganyah bida, kumih pagah. dry adj. seku. earnings ganansa, intrada. dry v. to wipe dry sekah. to dry in the earring argulinya, krabu. sun sugah. earth mati. duck n. adi. earthenware jar buyang. duel; singing duel matah kantiga. earthenware pot pasu. dugong duyong. easily fasel, nang ki nang. dumb murtu. east lesti. south-east sul lesti. dumbfounded; to be dumbfounded nteh easterly lesti agu na boka. Easter Pasku. dummy teat chupa. easy fasel. to have it easy teng aros dupe fazeh besta, sifah. brangku. to take it easy bulih peu. durability durasang. eat kumih. to eat in excess, to eat in a duration durasang. gluttonous manner kumih di gula, dusk trindadi. pustemah, rabentah. to eat one's words dust n. poh. gold dust po di oru. kumih palabra. to eat food without rice dust v.; to dust something, to clean by accompaniment ratah. dusting sakudih. eavesdrop kustah ubida, parah ubida. Dutch jenti Landes, Landes. economize bingah, tezah bariga. 108 English-Kristang finderlist edge bodru, ponta. the water's edge bodru enclosure (for animals) rebang. di mar, linggu di agu. encounter v. ngkontrah, ntopah. educate dah chadisa. encumber mpachah. education adukasang, letura, prendisu. end (= finish) n. fing. in the end per fing. eerie sirtuna. without end nteh parasang. egg obu. end ( = extremity, tip) n. ponta. end to eggshell kaska di obu. end ponta ku p�nta. from one end to the eggplant bredu terong, brinjela. other, from end to end di ponta ati ponta. eggwhite klara, klara di abu. end v. kabah. eight oitu. endanger riskah. eighteen disoitu. endurance (= endurance of hardship) eighty oitenta. padisidu. either seza, mesu. either one kalkizera, endure aguentah, guentah, petah, sufrih. sezungua. to endure hardship padiseh. elated altu. enemy inimigafem., inimigu. elbow siku di mango energy; to lack energy nteh goma. elder sister susi. engaged; to become engaged dah seng, elephant alfanti. tukah anela. eleven onzi. engagement dah seng. to break offan elope fuzih. engagement birah anela, kebrah seng. elsewhere otru parti. England tera Inggres embarassed bergonya. English Inggres. ember braza. enjoy oneself alegrah. embittered marga. enjoyment alegria, alua. embrace abrasah. enlarge; to enlarge a room abrih kambra. embroidery labor. enlist; to enlist in the army intrah eminent famadu. soldado. emit sai. enormous aboh di ungua, tamanyu. employ empregah, mpregah. to employ, enough abasta, basta, chegah. it isn't to use sibrih. enough nunka chegah, nunka fazeh baza. employment ramidi. enquire pekurah, pruntah. empty ad). bazidu, kosong, nteh nada. enraged; to become enraged subih korlas. empty (of liquid) seku. entangled trusidu biradu. enamelled losa. enter intrah. enamelled plate basiu losa. entertain alebah, atindeh. enchanted ingkantadu. enticement iska enchantment engkantu. entire interu, tudu. enclose; to enclose with a fe nce serkah. entirely interu interu. enclosed (= fe nced) serkadu. entrance intrada. English-Kristang finderlist 109 entreat pidih, rogah. examine nsaminah. entrust ntregah. example izemplu. envious kubisozu, mbezu, olu di fogu, exceptionally mbes. siozu. excess subezu. in excess of fora. epilepsy bentu. to have an attack of excessive peu di. epilepsy pegah bentu, subih bentu. exchange n. troku. equal igual, sarna. exchange v. trukah. equality igualdadi. exchanged; exchanged unintentionally erroneous eradu. trukadu. escape skapah. excrement medra, suzu. estrauged largadu. exist v. teng. estuary boka di riu. existence bida. eternal etemu. exit v. sai. eternity etemidadi. exorcise; to exorcise through ritual use eunuch kapadu. of salt pasah sal. Europe Eropa. expand kriseh. European Ropianu. expect spektah. evaluate sundah. expense gastu. evaporate darteh. expensive karestia, karu. eve bespa. experience 11. speransa. even (= equal) adj. igual. experience v. pasah. to experience hunger even (= also) adv. mesu, pun. pasah fomi. even so kai mesu, nang asih. expert adj. kapas, spertu. even though maski. explain dah k1areza. ever subida. for ever pa etemu. explanation klareza. every kada, tudu mbes. every time kada explode rabentah. bes. exposed abertu. everyone tudu mbes jenti. everyone extinguish pagah, pagah fogu. present tudu ki teng. extinguished pagadu. everywhere tudu banda. extra subezu. evidence sistamunya. extract v. tirah. to extract a tooth pusah evident; it is evident teng klareza. denti. evidently diski. extracted rangkadu. evil n. diaburia. extremely kada, kada ungua, mbes, ngka evil-hearted korsang mal. kizera. evil spirit diabu. extremity ponta. evil tongue boka di puta. eye olu. corner of the eye rabu di olu. exact justu. European eyes olu di gatu. eye of a potato olu. gummy secretion of the eye exactly justu pra justu. 110 English-K ristang finde rlist

ramelu. eye of the wind olu di bentu. fan n. abana. roving eye (= flirtatious) olu kumpridu. fan v. abanah. to have one's eye on teng olu riba di. fancy kubisah. eyebrow subrisela. denti. eyelid kapa di olu. fa r lonzi. far away lonzi. as far as ati. fa re pasazi. fa rewell v. dispidih. F fa rm v. sunyah labrah. fa rt n. pedu. face n. fesang, kara, rostu. moonface rostu fa rt v. tirah pedu. di abana. to pull a face fazeh kara. face fast adv. prestadu, presta. quite fast to face kara ku kara, rostu ku rostu. prepresta. face (= dignity) 11. agu di rostu, rostu. to fast v. jinj ung. lose face pedreh rostu, kai agu di rosto. fasten pregah. to fasten (by tying) marah. facilitate dah kaminyu. to fasten with a nail pregah pregu. faeces medra, suzu. fat adj. gorda/em., godru. fail; to fail at school drumih basu di fat n. azeti, godura. bangku. fat person gordang. faint achah ungua biramintu, fi kah duru, fichah kesada. fate fortuna. fainting; fainting spell biramintu. fa ther n. pai. father (= daddy) pah, papah. father's side of family banda pai. fairness justisia. father (= term of address for priest) faith fe, konfiansa. padri. faithful riel. father-in-law sogm. faU v. kai. to (intentionally or fa thom brasa. unintentionally) cause to fall fazeh kai. to fall asleep kai drumih. to fall down fatigued kansadu. kai. to fall in love kai amorozu, kai na fatness godura. afesang. fatty (= nickname for fat person) fallen kaidu. gordang. fa lse falsu. fault eradu, falya, kulpa. at fault eradu. to false teeth denti falsu. find fault with (someone) buskah chaki. fa mily familia. father's side of family favour n. fabor. to do a favour fazeh banda pai. mother's side of fa mily ungua fabor. banda maio favour V. ; to favour someone dah family and relatives arenti-parenti. ganansa. fa mily name alkunya. fa vourite bida, dos oIu, dos olu di kambrang. family relation (= kin) jirisang. fawcett (= tap) paip. famished fomiadu. fear n. ansiadadi, midurozu. famous famadu. fear v. midu. English-Kristang finderlist 111

fearful midaroza, midurozu. fight n. briga, brigu. cockfight briga galu. fearfulness midurozu. fist fight briga punyada. fe ast festa. fightv. brigah. feather pena. fighter brigaderafem. , brigador masc. fed up busidu, disgostadu, fartu, nj uadu. figure n. figura. feeble fraku. especially feeble, quite figure (= to imagine) v. fi gurah. feeble frakeza.fe eble-hearted korsang fill v. incheh. to fill (land) ntulah. fraku. filled inchidu. filled (land) ntuladu. feed v. dah kumih. well-filled nsutu. feeding bottle botel di leti. filling n. inchimentu. feel sintih. film bringku. feel awkward, ashamed resia. filth suzu. feel the way rabah. filthy bolor, porkaria. feeling sintidu. feeling (= sentiment) fin aza. korsang. finally kabah fing, na fing, per fing. fellow rapas. find achah, ngkontrah. female femi. find fault with buskah chaki. fence n. gradi, pagar, paredi, serkadura. find out achah sabeh, diskubrih. fence (= to enclose with a fence) v. fine finu. especially fine fineza. serkah. fingerdedu, dedu di mango little finger fenced serkadu. dedu klengkeng. middle fingerdedu fennel seed ebra dosi. miu. ring finger dedu anela. fermented shrimp chinchaloh. fingernail unya. ferocious brabu. finish v. kabah. fertilizer gordura. fire fogu. to be on fire kemah. to catch festival festa. firepegah fogu. to set fire botah fogu, festivity ali . dah fogu, fazeh fogu. fete v. dah kumih. firefly fula fogu. fetid fedeh. firewood lenya. fetter n. braga, feru. first mazanti. at first di numinti, primiru. fever febri, rapiamintu. to catch a fever fish /l. pesi. croaker fish korbinya. dried apanyah febri . to get a fever atakah fish pachal, pasia. bream fish,emperor febri, tokah febri. bream fish ruibu. freshwater fish pesi di riu. shad fish sadrinya. tassle-fish feverish diskentadu. rubalu. fiance nuibu. fish v. bai mar, pegah pesi, peskah. to fish fictitious lantadu di kabesa. for information peskah nobas. fierce brabu. fish-ball bola di pesi. fifteen kinzi. fisherman peskador. fishermen's shelter fifty singkuenta. or shed bangsal . 112 English-Kristang finderlist fishing n. peskaria. flowv. kureh. to flowfrom diskureh. ; fishing line with multiple flowerflori s, fula, jantung. bunch of hooks suspended by buoys raweh. tlowersramu di floris. fishing net redi. flowerpotpasu di floris. fist punyada. to clench one's fistfazeh fluidn. agu. punyada. fluid adj. aguadu. fist-fight n.briga punyada, jogu di fluteflauta , floi. punyada. flyn. moska. to have a fit achah ungua biramintu, fit n. ; tly (of trousers) n. fundi!. subih bentu. to have lockjaw fichah flyv. abuah. kesada. foam skumu. five singku. fold n. ploi. fi x; to fixonto pregah. fold v. dobrah. to fold in two dobrah dos flag bandera. to raise a flagpla ntah to fold one's arms trevesah mango bandera. folded adj. dobradu, kruzadu. folded up flame fogu. (sleeve of shirt, leg of trousers) flapbateh. ragasadu. 11. flash fuzilada. flash oflightning follow sigih. fuzilada. fondle pa]pah, rabah. flash v. fuzilah. to flash lightning fuzilah. food kumiria, pustema vulg. food flask frasku, kaneka. accompanied by rice lauk. flatulence; fruit causing flatulencefru ta fool n. bauduh, kabesa di buru, kabesa di bentoza. kambrang. flavour sabor. fool v. bringkah dodu. flea ama, piolu. foolery boburia. fleefuzi h. foolish besta. foolish person bestadadi, flesh kandri. tlesh and blood (= family, kabesa di buru, kabesa di kambrang, relative) kandri sanggi. flesh of fruit kabesa di pau. kandri. foot (= foot, including calf of leg) peu. flickeringpichipichi. foot of mountain peu di montanya. flintpedra fogu. to go on foot andah peu. flirtv. chaskiah. foot (= twelve inches) peu. flirtatious gijigiji, katibu, olu kumpridu. for (= in order to) pa. floatn. boya. force n. astrang, forsa. float v. boyah. force v. aforsah. flog zornikah. forehead testa. floorchang. foreigner stranjeru. flourfari nya. wheat flourfari nya di trigu. foreman mandor. rice flourfari nya di aros. glutinous rice fo rever per sempri. flour farinya pulut. EngLish-Kristang finderlist 113

forget skiseh. to forget (to bring) fried fritu. dry fried toradu. something largah di tras. friend amiga, amigu, kambradu. female fo rgive dah pedrang, peduah. friend kambradu femi. male friend forgiveness pedrang. kambradu machu. forgotten skisidu. to be forgotten pasah di friendship amizadi. sintido. to make one forget fazeh fright sustu. to get a fright subih sustu. skiseh. to pretend to have forgotten frighten fazeh midu. fazeh skiseh. frightened distrau. to become frightened fork garfu. fikah sustu, subih saltu. form figura. frisky gijigiji. formerly primiru. from di. fortitude fortidang. front dianti, frente. at front, in front fortunately fortuna. banda dianti. in front of dianti di. in fortune fortuna. good luck fortuna. front of (= in the presence of)dianti di. fo rtune teller dibinyaderafern.,dibiny ador froth It. skumbu. rnase .. fruit fruta. forty korenta. fry frizih. to fry spices fugah tempra. forward (= bold) afotu. to dry fry torah. four kuatu. frying pan tachu. fourteen katorzi. fuck! fudeh! fracture v. kebrah. fulfil kumprih. fractured kebradu. full cheu, inchidu. fragrant cherozu. fully cheu. frail fraku. especially frail, quite frail fume It. fumu. frakeza. fun; for fu n gostah-gostah. France tera Franses. funeral motri. fraud birasang. function aliada. free (= free of charge) di alsu, per nada. fur kabelu. free (= unrestrained) soltu. fu rious; to be fu rious raiba ira. free v. Jargah, librah, soItah. fu rniture abamintu, kadera meza. freed Iargadu. fu rther mas lonzi. freezing feldadi. furthest Ionzi mbes. French Franses. fuse n. pabiu. Frenchman jenti Franses. fuss n. azbiru, rebolta. fuss and noise frequently niora-niora. amoku rebolta. to make a fuss fazeh fresh fresku. ngua azbiru. freshen (= to commence to blow) freskah. fresh water agu dosi. Friday sestafera. 114 English-Kristang finderlist

G gift (= present) saguati. giddy bebdu. gad about bogah. gill gelas. gain n. alkansadu, bonansa, ganansa, ginger jinjibri. aromatic ginger. Thai perbetu. ginger lengkuas. gain v. alkansah, ganyah. girl femi, krensa femi. young girl in early gait andadura. teens krisida. gall re I. as bitter as gall marga chuma reI. girlfriend noiba. gall-bladder fel. give dah. to give back dah tona. give birth parih. gamble v. bulih mang, jugah. gambler jugadera, jugador. inveterate glad; to beglad alegri. gambler peu di jogu. gladness alegria. gambling jogu. glance v. dalih ku rabu di olu. game bringku. gambling game jogu. glass bridu. dringking glass glas. gang n. tropa. glasses okel. gap abertura. glazed losa. garden jarding. gloomy (= eerie) sirtuna. garlic alu. glorifikah glorify. garment bistidu. glory gloria. gather juntah, panyah. to gather up gluttonous disgaradu, golozu, kabesa na rakuleh. to gather strength tomah forsa. tripa, pustemadu, rabentadu. gathered up rakulidu. gluttony gula. gathering (social gathering) aliada. go bai. let's go! beng nus bai. to go about gaze; to avert one's gaze basah olu. pasiah. to go along with bai pas. to go by car santah kareta. to go by boat gecko chicha. santah prau. to go for good bai di bultu. generous mang abertu, mang lagreza. go tohell! bai pa diabu! to go up subih. bergonya, karosu. genitalia to gowith (= to accompany) gesture aksang. kompanyah, sigih. get achah, apanyah, tokah. get lost! bai goat kabra. nanny goat kabra femi. billy labeh, bai pa diabu, bai pa rayu di aki, goat kabra machu. sai di aki! to get close to chapah. to get go-between pailot. a craving for subih bontadi. to get God Deus. God the father Deus pai. God angry subih intentadu, subih tolu. to get the son Deus filu. God the Holy Spirit a fright subih sustu. to get away or to Deus Spritu Santu. may God keep you get kaminyah. a move on to get Deus kriah. married kazah. to get up igrih. goddaughter filiada. ghost alma disperadu, diabu. black ghost padrinyu. kafri . godfather godmother madrinya. giant n. jiganti. godson fi liadu. giblet tabikeru. English-Kristang finderlist 115 god own gudang. granite pedra rubim. goitre papu. grapple (with a hook) v. ganchah. gold oru. gold dust po di oru. grass ebra. gold alloy suasa. grate v. paroh. gold-digger (= woman who exploits grateful; to be grateful lantah mang ku personal attractiveness for financial Deus. gain) raspang. grater parodi. good bong. gratitude gradesidu. good afternoon bong atadi. gratuitously di alsu. goodbye adeus. grave (= tomb) koba. good day bong dia. great grandi, tamanyu. good evening bong anuti. great-grandparent disaboh. good heavens! nya mai ! great-grand-daughter disneta. good-humoured beneta. great-grandfather disaboh machu. good-natured ben eta. great-grandmother disaboh femi. good night bong anuti. great-grandson disnitu. goods; household goods angkoza di kaza. great-great-grandparent aboh disaboh. goose gansa. great-great-grandfather aboh disaboh gossip Il. lantah nobas, lantah stori. machu. great-great-grandmother aboh malicious gossip (= person) boka di disaboh femi. puta. greatness grandeza. gossip v. dali banu, dali gong, gobah, greedy golozu, pustemadu, rabentadu. kontah bida, lantah nobas, lantah stori. Greek Gregu. gourd bobra. green bedri. govern govemah. greet gri tah. government gobemu, gomintu. grin v. raginyah. governor goveru. grinning raginyadu. grab panyah. to grab and tussle panyah grind muih. ranyah. grip v. gapeh. graceful onestu. groan v. jimih. grandchildren neta nitu. groggy feradu. grand-daughter neta. groom nuibu. grandfather aboh machu, pai aboh. groomsman mara kronchi machu. grandfather (when used as a term of grope palpah. to grope (in the darkness) address for an old man) papong, tata. rabah. grandmother aboh femi, mai aboh. ground chang. grandparent aboh. maternal group n. group of friends ranchu. group grandparent aboh banda femi. paternal of performers ranchu. in a group grandparent aboh banda machu. ranchu-ranchu. grandson nitu. 116 English-Kristang finderlist

grouper garofa. hand over ntregah. grow kriseh, naseh. handkerchief lensu. guarantee V. to guarantee for someone handsome bemfetu, bunitu, kachah. impeh. hang; to hang a person nfurkah. to hang guarantor fiador. (something) pindurah. guard biziador. hanged nfurkadu, pinduradu. guava goyeba, jambu. hanging nfurkadu, pinduradu. guess V. dibinyah. happen fikah,ja di, sai, susedeh. gutTaw V. dah kakada. happiness alegria. guide V. dah sintidu, lebah. happy alegri. happy; to be happy, to gullet geles, garganta, guela. gullet of bird become happy alegrah. to feel happy papu. korsang alegri . gum goma. Happy birthday bong anu! gumboil jinjibri prenya. Happy Christmas bong Natal ! gums jinjibri. Happy New Year bong anu nubu! gun spinggarda. harbour bara. gunpowder polba. hard duru. hard-hearted korsang duru. gunwale pisang-pisang. hard life bida rastizadu. hardness durasang, dureza. harelip sombeng. H hat chapeu. straw hat chapeu stera. hatch v. ; to hatch eggs chokah. habit kustumi. to make a habit of fazeh hate busidu. kustumi. haughtiness grandeza. hair kabelu. pubic hair kabelu pintelu, haughty alteza. pintelu. haunted mal sombradu. hair-bun konde, marah krol. have teng. to not have nteh. to have to hairpin kokuping. tokah. to have nothing to do with bairy kabeludu. largah di mango balf metadi. have a fit subih bentu, tokah bentu sa half-closed eye(s) olu saradu. kalor. half mourning meh doh. hawker bendedor. hammer martelu. he eli. hampered gapidu. head kabesa.to go to one's head subih na hand mango back of the hand kosta di kabesa. mango on tbe one hand mpatri. head (= chief); village head, head man of hand-drum rabana. Malacca Portuguese Settlement rejidoh. hand of a clock agula. headache; to have a headache teng dueh hand of playing cards rifa. kabesa. English-Kristang finderlist 117 health n. saudi. hint v. pinchah palabra. heap n. posta. hips kadera. hear ubih. hire fretah. hearsay; according to hearsay ubih-ubih. his eli sa. heart korsang. from the bottom of one's hit dali. heart di fundu di korsang. from the hoarse roku. heart di korsang. with all one's heart hoe 11. changkol . di tudu korsang. hard-hearted korsang hoe v. changkol. di fe ru. kind-hearted korsang largu. hoist v. pusah-isar pure-hearted korsang limpu. hole buraku. hearts (= playing card) kopas. hold v. aguentah, pegah, sigurah. to hold heat n. kalor, kentah. tight gapeh. heat v. kentah. Holland tera Landes. heaven seu, gloria. hollow buraku. heavy pezadu. holy water agu bensen. height altura. home kaza, kaza potra. to go home bai infernu. hell kaza. helmet kapaseti. homily pregasang. help 11. aj udasang, aj udu. honey dosi di mel. help v. judah. honour agu di rostu, rostu. to lose one's helpful peu mang lebi. honour pedreh rostu. to make someone hen galinya. brooding hen galinya choka. lose their honour fazeh agu di rostu kai. stunted hen galinya kateh. honourable onradu. henpecked husband bauduh. hook n. anzola, ganchu. her poss. eli sa. her house eli sa kaza. hook v. ganchah. to get hooked tokah her pro. eli. anzola. here nakih. hop v. pulah. here it is! astah! hope n. konfiansa. hernia bentu di grang, koku, potra. hope v. pidih, sperah. her's eli sa. hopeless nteh aros. hidden skundidu. in a hidden manner horizon baliza barku pasah, peu di seu. ingkantu. horse kabalu. hide n. peli. horseshoe crab blangkas. hide v. skundeh. hospital ospital. hide and seek polisenti. host (= Holy host) ostia. high altu. hot kenti. hill oiteru. hot (= spicy hot) adreh. him eli. hot-tempered pelusu. hinge ganchu. hinge pin pregu di ganchu. hour bridu. 118 English-Kristang finderlist house kaza. single-storey house kaza basu. houseboy sibridor. I household kaza potra. household goods angkoza di kaza. I yo. housemaid mosa, sibridera. identical iguaJ. identical, the spitting how klai, lei nasang, ki sorti. how? in what image of each other areka kotra dos. way? kuma ki? how are you? (= lit. are idle; to be idle bulih peu. you well?) teng bong? how are things? idler baroa, bida di algozu. ki nasang? lei nobas? ki sorti? klai? if kantu, seza, si. as if asilaya. however nang asih. ignite (= to catch fire) pegah fogu. to how many kantu. ignite (= to set alight, to light) sandeh. how much kantu. ignore diskuniseh. hug v. abrasah. ill duenti. ill (when said of a child as a huge tamanyu di, aboh di ungua. result of a child having been exposed human; human being kJetura. to night air) saltu. to pretend to be ill humble basah. fazeh duenti. to feel ill korpu nteh sabor. humiliated bergonya. ill-bred malebadu, mal kriadu. humour; good-humoured beneta. illiterate nteh letura. hundred sentu. one hundred nsentu. ill-mannered grosu. five hundred singku sentu. illness duensa, molestu. hundreds sentu di. ill-treated dispregatadu. hunger fomi. imagine figurah. hungry bariga forni, fomi. to go to bed imitate others sigih kuh di jenti. hungry kargah bariga. imitation falsu. hunt v.; to go hunting (= to go shooting) immature bedri, nenang maduru. bai pontah. to go hunting birds bai immediately agomesu. pasturinyah. immerse mergulah. pasturinyah. hunting; bird hunting immobile angkradu. hurried ariadu. immodest disonestu. hurriedly ariadu, lajar. immortal imortal. hurt v. dueh, trumentah. to feel hurt implements abamintu, ferumintu, korsang dueh. to hurt someone's instrumintu. feelings fazeh dueh korsang. impose (on someone) dah pregu, dah husband maridu. ramedi. husk kaska. in na. hut kabanda. inarticulate boka pezadu. hymen mina. inaugurate abrih. hysterical; to become hysterical at the incapacitated batidu. slightest provocation latah. English-Kristang finderlist 119 incense insensu. incense burner kaza di ink well tinteru. insensu. innocent nusenti. incessant nteh parasang. insect bichu. hairy caterpiller bichu inch inchi. kahelu. incident susesu. inseparable; inseparable (when said of a incite armah, botah fogu. couple) chuma blangkas, chuma unya ku kandri. incitement armamintu. income intrada. outside income doi di inside rentu. on the inside na rentu. fora. inside out biradu. incorrect eradu. insincere korsang trusidu. incur ingkureh. to incur debt fazeh insist aforsah, sistih. buraku, fazeh lamiadu. insolent mal kriadu. indecent diskompostu. inspect nsaminah. independent; to be independent podi instigate armah, botah fogu, dah fogu. abuah. instigation armamintu, armasang, fogu. Indian Morafem., Moru mase. instigator armador, pedra fogu. indigo powder blau. instead of di, parti di. indisposed duenti. instruct insinah. individual n. pesua. instrument(s) instrumentu. inebriated; slightly inebriated bebdu. insult n. insultasang. infatuated; to become infatuated kai na insult v. insultah. afesang. insulted insultadu. infect (= to become infected) nsolpah. intelligence sintidu. infected wound mal ita. intelligent chadu, kabesa lebi, kapas. inflame inflamah. intention tensang. influenza kataru intentions andasang. inform; to inform the community of interest; to take an interest in tomah something botah pregang. to inform kauzu. someone of something dah sabeh, fazeh interest n.; interest (= concern) patri. sabeh. to inform on someone botah interest (on money) ganyu. to live off folgu. to inform the community of a the interest from a loan kumih ganyu. death and of details of the funeral interfere intrameteh. mpregah motri. interpreter linggusteru. infuriated; to become infuriated subih korlas. intestine tripa. ingratiate cherah kuh, fazeh bong, ganyah introduce (somebody to someone) dah rostu, lantah bola. kuniseh. inheritance ardansa invalid mbalidu. investigate nsaminah. initiate abrih, komesah. invitation abizu, komplimintu. ink tinta. 120 English-Kristang finderlist

invitation card abizu, chitu. jellyfish ampeh. invite abizah, dah abizu. to invite to a jest; in jest chaki-chaki. baptism party abizah batizrnu.to Jesus Jizus. Jesus Christ Jizus Kristu. (verbally) invite to a birthday party Jew Judeu. abizah anu. to invite to an engagement jewellery shop butika di fatu. party abizah seng. job sibrisu. white-collar job postu. irate ira. join v.; to join (a club, an association) iron n. feru. intrah. iron (= clothing iron) n. striki. joker asentiderafem., asentidor masc. , iron v. strikah. to iron lightly pasah striki. matimianu. irresponsible bida rnansebadu. jokingly asenti. island ila. joy alegria. isn't it? na? joyful alegri. it eli. judge v. julgah. itch n. kusera. jumbled choldabolda. itch v. kusa-kusa. jump n. pulu. itchy kusa. jump v. dah pulu, pulah, saltah. its eli sa junk (= large wooden fishing boat of Chinese origin) tongkang. jungle matu. J jury juri. just (= only) namas, saja. jackfruit jaka. just (= exact) justu. jaggery jagra. just (= fair) justu. jam (= conserve) n.; minced pineapple just now nanggora, nubu. jam kincha justice justisia. January janeru. Japan Japang, tera Japang. Japanese genti Japang, Japang. K jasmine roza rnenggaring. jaw dagu, kesada. to have lockjaw fichah kapok kapoku. kesada. keel kila. jar jara. earthenware jar buyang. water keen agudu. jar jara. keep (= to look after, to preserve) gadrah. jealous; jealous (for amorous motives) may God keep you Deus kriah. to keep si urni. to become jealous kureh ku one's word gadrah palabra. to keep siumi. economically (= to maintain) gadrah. to jealousy; jealousy (for amorous motives) keep a mistress gadrah dama. to keep siurni. an eye on botah olu. to keep (= to jelly; black jelly chinchau. retain) something gadrah. English-Kristang finderlist 121 kept gadradu. knowledge chadisa, intindidu, kerosene azeti gas. intindemintu, prendisu. to have kettle ketal. knowledge of intendeh. key chabi. kick n. kosi. L kick v. dah kosi. kill matah. labour v. kansah, trabalyah. kin jirisang. labourer kuli, piun. kind adj. bong, bong kunisang. kind­ hearted korsang bong, korsang grandi, lace; lace (= ribbon) fita. lace (= crochet) korsang largu. to be kind to fazeh bong renda. to make lace (= to crochet) ku. rendah kind n. kualidadi, laya, nasang, sorti. lack n. falta. all kinds (sorts, types) of bera sorti di, lack v. falta. to lack fortitude nteh aros. I laya-Iaya di, nasang nasang di . various ladder skada. kinds (sorts, types) of nasang di. ladle It. kuleh. ladle made from coconut kindness bondadi. shell kuler chireta. wooden ladle kuleh king reo di pau. kingdom reinu. lady muleh. ladies and gentlemen siara kiss cherah, dah boka. suiris. kitchen fugang. lamp lampu. kitten filu di gatu, gatu sa fi lu. lance lansa. knead bateh, masah. to knead dough lancet lanseta. fazeh maio land chang. kneaded batidu. landmark baliza, bara. knee nzelu. language lingguaza, linggu, papiamintu, kneel nzelu. papiasang, papiah. knife faka. tableknife faka di meza. languish disfinah. lantern aloleng. knock v. dali, ketoh, langgah. to knock at the door ketoh potra. lap kolu knot maradu. large grandi, tamanyu. know (= know a fact) sabeh. to not know lard azeti. pork lard azeti porku. (a fact) nsabeh. to know how to sabeh. last adj. ; last week sumana pasadu. to come to know achah sabeh, chegah last v. durah. to be lasting durah. na ubida. as far as I know ki yo sabeh. late tadri. of late ja kantu. know (= to be acquainted with) kuniseh. later di tras, logu, maniora. to know by sight kuniseh di bista. to not laugh v. rio to laugh and play loitah. know, to not be acquainted with laughing-stock bobu di jenti, fo lgu di diskuniseh. mundu. know-all alteza. laughter kakada. 122 English-Kristang finderlist law lei. let it be desah bai. lay (an egg) chokah, puzah, puzah obu. letter katra. to write anonymons lay out abrih. defamatory letters kartah falsu. letter of the alphabet letra. laziness prigisa. lazy loi, prigisozaJern., prigisozu. lazy liaison n. ngkontru. person chumbuadaJern., chumbuadu liar mintira, mintarozaJem., mintarozu rnasc. rnasc. lead chum bu. lick lambeh. leader kabesa. lid kubitor. leaf fola. tea-leaf fola chao lie 11. mintira. league; in league juntu. lie (= to lie down) V. detah. leak diskureh. lie (= to tell a lie) V. lantah di kabesa, lantah falsu, papiah mintira, papiah lean adj. magru. rekah, rekah. to spread lies lantah stori. lean (= to lean against) V. ngkustah. life bida. hard life bida rastizadu. leap V. pulah. lift V. lantah. to lift up lantah learn prendeh. to learn by heart prendeh di kabesa. light ad}. lebi. light in the head kabesa di bentu. leave (= permission) n. lisensa. light 11. lumi, Ius. leave V. (= to depart) dispachah. to leave (= depart from) largah. to leave (= to light (= to set alight) V. sandeh. exit) sai. to leave behind largah di tras. lightning fuzilada. lecherous malisioza, malisiozu. grosera, like adv. chuma. like what? in what way? groseru. lecherous old man beliaku. kuma ki? leech samsuga. like V. gostah. left skerdu. left side banda skerdu. like so asih mesu. leftover (of food) ad}. gadradu. likely; it is likely that erah. leg perna. lime (fruit) Iimang. leg-puller matimianu. lime (= calcium oxide) chunamu. lemon limang galega. lemon grass sereh. quicklime chunambu par. lend dah mpustah. to lend money on limit limiti. interest kureh ganyu. line (drawn line) riska. length kumpridang. lineage bakah. lengthen enkudah. lion liang. lent koresmu. lip besu. leprosy chaga boba. liquid agu. less menus. to be less falta. Iisang lesson. let (= to allow) desah. list Iista. let's go! beng nus bai. listen ubih. to listen (= to take note) abrih let go larga adeus, largah. ubida. lit sandidu. English-Kristang finderlist 123 literacy letura. lose pedreh. to lose one's way pedreh literate teng letura. kaminyu. to lose weight kebrah korpu. litter (for carrying statues) andor. loss pedresang. little keninu, soneh. lost pedridu. get lost! bai labeh, bai pa live bibeh, teng bida. to live a dog's life diabu, bai pa rayu di aki, sai di aki! bibeh bida di kachoru. to live from hand loud altu. to mouth bibeh kada dia ki Deus da. to loudly altu. live off a pension or salary kumih paga. louse piolu. to live offthe interest of a loan kumih love amur. in love amurozu. ganyu. to live on charity bibeh di smola. loved one amurozu. liver fildu. lover; (male) lover amigu. lizard chicha. low basu. loaded kargadu lower v. basah, fazeh diseh. loaf of bread alfada di pang. luck fortuna. loafer baroa, bida di algozu. luckily fortuna. loan 11. impregu. to live off the interest of lullaby kantiga di boboi. a loan kumih ganyu. lunatic kabesa di bentu, doda, dodu, v. dah mpustah. loan lungadu. lobster lagosta. lung bofi. location baliza, banda, lugah. lust malisia. lock 11. mai di chabi. lustful furiada/em., malisioza/em., lock v. trangkah. malisiozu masc. locked trangkadu. lying down detadu. lockjaw; to have lockjaw fichah kesada. locomotive kareta fogu. log madera. M loincloth for children kachu. lonely onsong. machete parang. loner fostera/em., fosteru masc. mackerel pesi sera, sera. horse mackerel long kumpridu. chicharu. long long ago ntempu ntempu. mad doda/em., dodu masc. madam siara. look olah. to look after (= to preserve) madness bentu, dodu. gadrah. to look for buskah. to look out maggot bichu di kakus. of the corner of one's eye olah ku rabu maid ama. old maid (= spinster) fila mina di olu. bela. loop argola. maiden donzela, fila mina, fila on song. loose soltu. to let loose largah. maintain gadrah. loosen soltah. make fazeh. loquacious boka tantu. make a fu ss fazeh azbiru, fazeh ungua azbiru. 124 English-Kristang finderlist

make a promise fazeh premesa, premeteh. matchmake dah chapah, dah kazah. make a vow fazeh premetesang. to matchmake one's daughter fazeh make way rakuah. jeru. make-up; to put on make-up nfetah. mate v. ; to mate (= birds) dah kaskah. making n. fazemintu. matron of honour kumadri. Malacca Melaka. matter; what is the matter? ki kauzu? Malacca (Creole) Portuguese language mattress bolsak. kapok mattress bolsak Kristang, Papiah KTistang. kapoku. Malacca (Creole) (or mature maduru. person) jenti Kristang, Kristang. maybe anumbes, anumkoza, podi fikah. malaria febri friu. me yo. as for me per yo. Malay Malayu, Natibu. mean n. korsang di feru. male adj. machu. mean v. signifikah. man omi. elderly man omi idadi. old man meaning signifikadu, sintidu. belu. young man mansebu. (handsome) means (= way) kaminyu. young man mansebu, Tapas. means; financial means poisu. mango mangga. mango tree albi mangga, measles sarampa. manggeTa. measure midih. manner, manners manera. ill-mannered measurement; to take a measurement grosu, mal kriadu, malsinadu. well­ tomah amostra. mannered bong kriadu. meat kandri. many tantu. medicine mizinya. mark n. marka. examination mark marka. meditate kontemplah. mark v. markah. meet ngkontrah, ntopah. market bazar. meeting ngkontru. marriage kazamintu. melt darteh. married kazadu. melted dartidu. marrow bobra. memory lembransa, mimuria. marry kazah. to get married kazah. mention lumiah. to marry (oft)to someone dah kazah. merry alegri. marsh paya. Merry Cbristmas! Bong Natal ! martial art atri. merriment alegria. mash v. lenyeh. mesh; mesh of fishing net olu di redi. mass misa. to celebrate mass in honour mess; to make a mess fazeh basu pa riba, of someone dah misa. fazeh lamiadu. massage spregah. message rekadu. mast mastru. mast step bangku di mastru. metal ferumintu. master donu. meteor strela ku rabu. masturbate bulih bomba, dali gatu, kargah midday midia. fula. middle miu. mat; woven straw or grass mat stera. middle finger dedu miu. straw mat used for roofing kajang. middleman ragatera. match v. afomah. to match up with midnight dozi ora anoti. afrontah. midnight mass misa di galu. matches pusah fogu. midwife daya. English-Kristang finderlist 125

might; it might be podi fikah. mole buruga. mile pedra. molest molestah. to molest sexually milk leti. coconut milk leti di koku. cow's strobah. milk leti di baka. sweetened condensed Monday sigunda fera. milk leti dosi. money doi. money for daily expenses doi million miliang. di gastu. pocket money doi di saku. millions miliang di. moneybag bolsa. mind n. sintidu. to bear in mind botah na money pouch bolsa. sintidu. to change one's mind birah moneylender; Chettiah money lender bentu, trukah sintidu. Cheti. mine pro. yo sa. monkey buziu. mingle with champurah, juntah. moon lunga. waning moon diseh lunga. mirror spelu. mooring argola. misbehave nfemah. mop v. jiu. miscarry mubeh. more mas. more or less esnues, mamenus. mischief obra, obradadi. morning pamiang. in the morning mischievous abuadu, danadu, erodi, pamiang. the next morning amiang repenti. pamiang, sa amiang. this morning ozi miser judeu. pamiang. miserable (= unfortunate) koitadu. mortar mai di pi lang. pestle and mortar miserly kaskaria, kainyu, skakah. pilang. misfortune disgrasa, dizastru. mosquito moskitu. mishap disgrasa. mostly mas tantu. misrepresent; to misrepresent someone's mother maio mother's side of fa mily words truseh palabra. banda maio miss (= to long for) v. saudadi. mother-in-law sogra. mistake eradu, kulpa. motionless; to sit motionless santah pau mistaken eradu. pedra. mistreat fazeh dispregatadu, maltratah. motive kauzu. mistress (= female lover) amiga, dama. motorcycle moto. To keep a mistress gadrah dama. mouldy bolor. mistress of house dona. mountain montanya. foot of mountain mistrust disconfiadu. peu di montanya. mix champurah, meseh, misturah. to mix mourning doh. deep mourning pezadu with socially champurah, chapah, doh. mourning-band Ian fa. mourning juntah. clothes doh. to wear mourning clothes mixed champuradu, misturadu. mixed up bistih doh, sibrih doh. champuradu. mouse ratu. moan v. jimih. mouse-trap rateru. mock fazeh bobu, fazeh pulia, puliah. moustache babra, bigodi. mockery folgu, pulia. mouth boka. roof of the mouth seu di model amostra. to make a model (e.g. of boka. an item of clothing) fazeh amostra. mouthful pukadu. modern apapoitu. move mudah. to move aside, to move molar (tooth) denti kesada. back rakuah. 126 English-Kristang finderlist

Mr sinyor. necklace kurenti. much tantu. too much dimaziadu, necktie dasi. ingkoliadu, mutu tantu. need v. kereh, presizu. much more mas ntantu, mas subezu. needle agula. needle and thread agula ku mud lama. floating mud lama soltu. linya. muddled champuradu. muddy lamiadu. needlework kustura, labor. mullet; blue-spot grey mullet munji. grey neighbour viziansa. mullet rapang, diamond-scaled grey neighbourhood banda. mullet tainya. nephew subrinyu. mummy (= mother) mao net redi. casting net tarafa. deep-sea munch; to munch without teeth kunyal. fishing net jaring bawal. mosquito net muse v. kontempJah. pabilang. push-net (for shrimp and musket spinggarda. prawn fishing) langgiang. push-net (for must misti. shrimp fishing)sungkor. my nya, yo sa. netting; netting used for the main net of mystery misteriu. the langgiang renda. never (= never ever) nang subida, ngka sudeh. never (= on no account) motri N seza. never mind desah bai, nang asih, nang nail pregu. wooden nail or peg pasah. asih. naked dispidu. stark naked dispidu noh. nevertheless nang asih. name 11. nomi. new nubu. nap v. detah, pustemah olu. newly nubu. nappy doeh. news nobas. spread news dali banu. narrow gapidu, mpachadu. newspaper papel. nation nasang. New Year's Eve bespa di anu nubu, nature (= character, temperament) kabesa di anu. kunisang, natural. good-natured beneta, next dispois. bong natural. next door; next door to ilagra. naughty danadu, katisal, repenti. next morning samiang. nauseated nuzu. to become nauseated nibble; nibble at bait pikah. subih nuzu. nice bunita, bunitu. navel imbigu. niece subrinya. near pertu. night anuti. day and night anuti di dia. nearly pertu. last night onti anuti. tonight ozi anuti. neat (= tidy) asentu. tommorow night amiang anoti. neatly; very neatly fineza. nine novi. necessary; to be necessary presizu. nineteen disnovi. neck garganta. nape of the neck tengkoh. ninety noventa. Eltglish-Kristaltg finderlist 127 nipple biku di mama, biku di tete. no ngka. o nobody nggeng. noise amoku, song. oar remu. no one nggeng. oath juramintu. to take an oath jurah. noose lastru. obligation obrigasang. north notri. north-east notri lesti. north­ oblige obrigah. to be obliged to tokah. west nobresti, tarabara. observe abrih olu, biziah, olah, reparah. nose naris. blocked nose naris tapadu. to obsession manya. blow one's nose suah. to cut off one's obtain achah, alkansah. nose to spite one's face kortah naris occasion bes. on another occasion na otru danah rostu provo bes. nostril buraku di naris. occur jadi, susedeh not ngka. octopus chokarita. note v. ; to take note abrih ubida, botah odds and ends eres beres. konta. odour cheru. not have nteh. of di. notice v. olah. to take notice dah konta, offend ofendeh. olah, tomah konta. offended lantadu. easily offended korsang nothing nada. it's nothing ngka nada. kurtu. notice; to take notice (of something) offering; to make an offering to God botah konta, fazeh konta, tomah kontah. oferseh. to take notice (of someone) dah rostu. office; office assistant piun. notify dah sabeh. officiate; to officiate mass selebrah misa. not know diskuniseh, nsabeh. offset; to offset costs kotrah konta. not recognize diskuniseh. offspring familia, filu. not want nggeh. often kada bes, nteh per oras. not yet nenang, nenang + inda. oh! ah ! oh my! ah lah! nought kapoti. oil azeti. fish oil azeti di pesi. now agora just now nubu. now and then per oras. right now agomesu. oily azetiadu. nowadays ozndia. okra bendi, bredu bendi. nuisance asnera, atrubida, konenadu, old antigu, belu, grandi, idadi. old man trubada. to be a nuisance kachoh, belu. old woman bela. kemah sanggi, nfemah. older brother kanyong. number namba. on na. nurse (= to suckle) v. dah leti onsong once mbes. all at once mbes per mbes. nut kachang. one ngua. nutmeg kernel noza. one at a time ngua-ngua. one by one ngua-ngua. 128 English-Kristang fi nderlist

one-eyed mbanda olu. oneself onsong sa korpu. onion sabola. spring onion fola sabola. p only justu, namas, saja. ooze diskureh. pace; to pace up and down andah bai open ad}. abertu. wide open rangkadu. andah beng. paddy nili. open v. abrih. to open wide rangkah. opening abertura. paddy field barzing. operate (to cut open) fendeh. pagan jintiu, malfoma. opinion lembransa, lembrasang, sintidu. page fola. opium afiang. paid pagadu. or atu, ke. pain; to suffe r pain penah. orange laranja. pains; to take pains (over) bateh kabesa' labutah, tomah bateh kabesa, tomah orchard 11. orta. batemintu. order n. mandadu. in order to pa. painful trumintu. order v. mandah. paint 11. tinta. organization arenjamintu. paint v. pintah, sekah tinta. organize arenjah. painted pintadu. origin disimintu, nasimintu. painter pintador. originally di numinti. painting (= picture) pintura, retratu. orphan fostera, fosteru. pair par. a pair of mpar di. other otru. one or the other seza ngua. pajamas pejama. ouch! adoi! palace palasu. our nus sa. pale-faced person marelang. ours nus sa. palm (= palm of the hand) palma. out fora. palm heart pamitu. outdo aturah. palm sugar jagra. outlay gastu. palm-tree albi, palma. banana palm albi outside fora. figu. coconut palm albi koku. outsider jenti di fora. pampered korazi. fugang. oven papaya papaya. over riba di. over ther alah banda, nalah e paper pape\. banda. parents mai pai. parents-in-law sogra overloaded ngkargadu. sogru. merkah. overturn parish parokia. parish house parokia. kuruzu. owl parrot kakatua, papagayu. ad}. onsong. own parsnip; water parsnip rabasa. owner donu. owner of house donafem., part 11. parti. to take part tomah parti. donu. English-Kristang finderlist 129

part (= to leave) v. dispachah. peeled limpadu. part (= to part the hair) v. riskah. pen (= for writing) pena. participate tomah patn. pen (= enclosure for animals) rebang. parting (of the hair) riska. penis pisa, pau. partner; partner at a dance par. penance penitensia. party ali ada. to give a party fazeh meza. penetrate rintah. pass pasah. to pass (something) from penitence penitensia. hand to hand pasah mang ku mango to pension paga. to live off a pension kumih pass (across, along, by, over) pasah. paga. past pasadu. peon piun. pastime pasatempu. people jenti, pobu. patch v. ; to patch up (cloth) tampa\. pepper pimenta. black pepper pimenta path kaminyu. pretu. white pepper pimenta brangku. patience pasensa. perfume agu cherozu, esen. patrol v. rondah. perfumed rafinadu. patty pikade\. perhaps anumbes, anumkoza, kisah, podi paunchy; paunchy person barigang. fikah. pawn impregah, kambah, mpinyah, period; period of time spasu, tempu. pinchah gatu. perjure pasah juramintu. pawnshop kamberu. permission atordadi, atorizasang, lisen sa, pawpaw papaya. odring. pay n. paga. permit v. dah atordadi, dah atonzasang, pay v. pagah. to pay one's credit account dah lisensa, dah odring, desah. matah konta. to pay out (money) sai doi. perplexed disperadu. to subsist on pay, pension, salary or person jenti, pesua. annoying or welfare kumih paga. troublesome person trubada. useless pay attention abrih olu. person mbalidu, ngkorpadu, peu payer pagador. kebradu. pea; Indian pea (= seed used in pestle filu di pilang. pestle and mortar jewellery) saga. pilang. peace pas. petition pitisang. peaceful kaJadu, susegadu. petticoat chimis. peacock pabang. petty korsang keninu. peanut kachang. phlegm skara. photograph pintura. to take a peck v. pikah. photograph tirah pintura, tomah pintura. pecker (= pecking hen) pikadera. physique korpu. peel n. kaska, kaskah, limpah, pelah. pick; to pick through (= to sort through) peel v. kaskah, Jimpah, pelah. skuleh. peep v. spiah. 130 English-Kristang fi nderlist pickle achar. chilli pickle achar chili. plant v. ntarah, plantah, sunyah. pickled fish achar pesi. plate n. basiu. enamelled plate basiu losa. picnic pistiku. plate v. stanyah. picture pintura, retratu. picture frame platform baleu, stradu. kuadru. platinum oru brangku. pidgeon pomba. play; theatrical play n. bringku. piece n. pedas. a piece mpedas. play v. bringkah, jugah. to laugh and play pierce chuchoh, pesoh. loitah. to play (a musical instrument) pierced pikadu. brinkah, tokah. to play the flute frufah pig porku. floi. to to play hard to get pegah presu. to play the fool bringkah bringkah, piglet letang. bringkah dodu. to play house bringkah pigtail rabu. masa-masa. to be played out (= to be pile n. ntulu. had) tokah brinkah. pile up v. ntulah. playfully chaki-chaki. piled rumadu. plea n. pitisang. piled up ntuladu. please! fazeh fabor, fazeh merseh, judah. pillar bala, pilar. pleased alegri, kuntenti. pillow alfada. pleasure kuntentimintu. pillow case fronya. plentiful cheu. pimp alkubitera, alkubiteru, baroa. plug v. tapah. pin n. alfiniti. plugged tapadu. pin v. ; to pin on ganchah. plum chirrnela. pinch n. chubeh. pocket bolsa, saku. pinch v. chubeh. point n. ponta. pine v. disfinah. pointed agudu. pineapple nanas. poison n. pesonya. pirate chumpiang. poisonous adj. pesonya. n. piadadi. pity poke v. chuchoh. pity v. koitadu. pole pau. place n. baliza, banda, lugah. pomegranite rumang. place v. botah. pomelo jambua. placenta paris. placenta membrane biteIa. pomfret (= pomfret fish) pampel. plaits tochang. ponder v. konsidah, pezah. plan andamintu. poop (= stern of boat) popa. plane n. ; wood plane sipila. poor (= impecunious) pobri. v. ; sipilah. plane to plane wood poor (= pitiful) koitadu. poor fellow! plank tabu. the plank under the gunwale koitadu! of a boat siar. Pope Santu Papa. plant It. albi. English-Kristang finderlist 131

porch surami. pregnant dos korpu, pezadu, prenya, pork kandri di porku. prenyada. pork lard azeti porku. preparation preparasang. porridge chacha, kanji. rice porridge prepare fazeh Jesti, preparah. kanji papa. prepared jadi, lesti, preparadu. port bara. present (= gift) saguati. portion n. kinyang. present adv. prezenti. Portugal Portugal. present; to be present asistih. Portuguese (= Portuguese nationality or presently logu, manyora. origin) . preserve (= to look after) gadrah. Portuguese language Portugis. pressured (= under pressure) kargadu. possessed tokah diabu. pretend; to pretend not to hear fazeh possibly anumbes, anumkoza, kisah, podi sudru. to pretend not to notice fazeh fikah. totru. to pretend to be asleep fazeh position (= employment, job) postu. drumih. to pretend to be stupid fazeh important position, high-level position besta. to pretend to ignore fazeh ngka postu grandi. sabeh. pot tizala. earthenware cooking pot pretty bunita, neches. quite pretty panela, tizala. earthenware pot pasu. buniteza. potato artapal. prevent aguentah. pouch bolsa, saku. price n. presu. to give a price abrih presu. pound v. pilah. prick v. chuchoh. pour bazah. pricked (= pierced) pikadu. powder po. pepper powder pimenta po. pride gabadisa. power forsa. priest padri. parish priest bigairu. powers (= powers of a mystic or prince prispi. superhuman type) chadisa, prendisu. princess prinseza. praise gabah, Jubar. prior to anti, antis di. prawn kambrang. tiger prawn kambrang prise open abrih. trigi. problem trabalu. pray rezah. to pray for, to request by proceed (across, along, by, over) pasah. prayer pidih (ku Deus), rogah. proclaim daJi banu. prayer orasang, rezu. hourly prayers proclamation (of wedding) pregang. orasang di oras. procurer aJkubiteru, baroah. preach katakizah. procuress alkubitera. preaching pregasang. profit alkansadu, alkansah, bonansa, precious stone belianti. ganansa, perbetu, propi. precocious afotu. promenade bodizah, kumih bentu, pasiah. predict dibinyah. promise fl. premesa, premeteh. to break a prediction dibinyasang. promise kebrah paJabra. 132 English-Kristang finderlist

promise v. premeteh. pure; pure in heart korsang limpu. proper (= decent) asentu. purgatory pregatori. property chang grang. purple roisu. prophetic boka salgadu. purpose; on purpose, purposely asenti, proposal plontu. sanaja. prosper lantah kabesa, venseh. pus matera. prostitute n. femi danadu, femi diabu, push pusah pa dianti, tolah. to push and femi rayu, porka. pull isar-pusah. prostitute v. fazeh danadu, fazeh rayu. push-net ianggiang, sungkor. protestant adj. prostanti. put botah, meteh. protestant 11. prostanti. put in order arenjah. proud alteza, gabadu. put out (= to extinguish) pagah. provocateur pedra fogu. puzzled alebadu. provoke intentah, botah fogu, fazeh fogu. python kobra madera. prow prua. pubescent; pubescent female fila-fila. pubic hair pintelu. Q puddle santah agu. puffed up inchadu. quandry; to be in a quandry pedreh alma korpu. Pulau Besar na Grandi. quarrel n. brigu, renggu. Pulau Jawa fla Jawa. quarter ngkuartu, suku. pull pusah, pusah pa tras. queen rajnya. queen (in a deck of playing pull a face fazeh kara. cards) sota. pull a tooth out pusah denti. quench; to quench one's thirst matah rankah. rankadu. pull out pulled out sedi. pull someone's leg frizih seng azeti. question n. preguntu. pulp (of fruit) kandri. question v. to ask a question preguntah, pulse n. pusu. to feel the pulse, to take the pruntah. to question someone fazeh pulse tomah pusu. preguntu. pump n. bomba. quicklime chunambu par. pump v. bombah. quick presta, prestadu. pumpkin bobra gineh. quickly lajar, prepresta, presta. punch dah punyada, dali punyada. quiet kaladu. unduly quiet (atmosphere) punish kastigah. to punish physically sirtuna. very quiet ketu di ketu kaladu. kastigah, zuniah. to be quiet kaladu. punishment kastigu, sentensja. quietly bagah. pupil (of eye) karosu di olu. quite chuma ki. pupil (of school) krensa di skola. pup fj lu di kachoru. English-Kristang finderlist 133

R recognition kudisidu. recognize kuniseh. to not recognize diskuniseh. race (= breed) nasang. rack; to rack one's brain kebrah kabesa. recollect lembrah. recount (= to tell) dah konta. raffle n. rifa. rectangle kuatu kantu. raffle v. rifah. rage bafamintu, ira, korlas. to become rectangular kuatu kantu. enraged subih korlas. red brumilu. railing gradi. reduce kotrah. railway rei we. reflect(= to think) abrih sintido, konsidah, renah. rain 11. chua. a shower of rain mpangkada di chua. refrain; to refrain from eating binggah bariga. rain v. kai chua. rekadu. rainbow arku-iris. regards (= compliments) regulation regulasang. rainwater agu di chua. relate dah konta, kontah. raise v. lantah. related chegadu, tokah familia. rape v. strobah. relative = kin) jirisang. close relative rascal danadu, dianta. ( jirisang chegadu. fa mily and relatives rat chinchorot, ratu fedeh. arenti-parenti. rat-trap rateru. religion lei, relijang. raw krua. relinquish largah mango ray of sunlight ar di sol. rely; to rely on somebody else to do your razor nabala. work kumih osu. reach chegah. to reach (= touch) restah. remain fi kah. read les. remain silent fi kah kaladu, fikah san read aloud les fosa-fosa. simang. read and write les skribeh. remainder balansa. ready jadi, lesti, preparadu. to make ready remark V. komentah. fazeh lesti, preparah. remember lembrah. rear v. keriah. remind lumiah. reared keriada, keriadu. remote lonzi. reason kauzu, rezang. for no reason seng remove tirah. to remove by cutting persih, seng rezang. without rhyme or kotrah. to remove inner shell of reason seng rabu kabesa. coconut from flesh kelotah. recall iembrah. rent n. doi di freti, freti. receive achah, apanyah, kambalah rent V. fretah. resebeh. repair fazeh retu, impregah, mprensah. recent resenti. repay pagah. recently nubu. replace trukah. 134 English-Kristang finderlist replete; replete with kargadu di. ridicule v. fazeh pulia, puliah. reply n. reposta. right (= correct) retu. right side banda reply v. raskundeh, repostah. dretu. repute bintura. right now agomesu. request n. pitisang. rigid stretu. request v. pidih. rim (of cup, dish, plate, saucer) besu. require kereh. ring anela. rescue v. salvah. ring v. ; to ring a bell dali sinu. reside fikah, morah. ringgit pataka. resist aguentah. ring-leader kabesa. respectable onestu. rinse nsaguah. respite sansegu. ripe maduru. rest (= period of relaxation) n. diskansu, rise subih. to rise, to increase in height restu, sansegu. kriseh. rest (= remainder) n. restu. risk n. risku, riskah. rest v. restah, tomah restu. risk v. riskah. restaurant; Chinese restaurant kolau. river riu. retaliate pagah. rivulet rachu. retarded; mentally retarded bentu, teng road rua. bentu. slightly mentally retarded roam about andah rudiah. kabesa di bentu. roast asah. retch dah nggulu. rob futah, ratiah. retching nggulu. robber ladrang. retire (= to go to bed) rakuleh. robe (of priest or nun) loba. retired (= gone to bed) rakulidu. robust godru. return beng tona, birada, birah, birah tona. roe (= fish roe) obu di pesi. to return (something) dah tona. rogue chumpiang, malandru. revive kudih. roll rolah. reward bonansa. roller (= pole on which fishing boat is rhyme; without rhyme or reason seng rolled) pau geleh. rabu kabesa. roof of mouth seu di boka. rib ribichi. roofing tela. rib of boat galang, osu di prau. room kambra. ribbon fi ta. roost choka. rice aros. whole grain rice aros ngua- rooster galu. ngua. root It. rais. rich riku. root v.; to take root kriseh. riches rikeza. rope kodra, lastru. ridicule n. bobu, jumaria, pulia. rosary tersu. English-Kristang filtderlist 135 rose roza. safe; safe and sound saudi salvamintu. rosewood tree albi ansana. have a safe journey! bong kaminyu! rotate truseh. saffron safrang. rotten podri. sago sagu. rough grosu. sail It. bela. gaff-rigged mainsail bela machadu. jib sail bela kapa, rabu di galu. round ad). redonu. reefable top section of mainsail rabu di round; to go on a round rondah. galu. roving eyed olu kumpridu. sail v. labeh, nabegah. row V. remah. saint holt. det. santafem., san masc. Saint rowlock argola, toleti. Anthony San Antoni. Saint John San rub rusah. Juang. Saint Peter San Pedru. Saint rubbish suzU. Catherine Santa Katrina. rubbish-bin tong sarnpah. saint It. santafem., san masc. All Saints' rudder lemi. Day Dia di Tudu Santu. rude grosu, mal kustumi, mal kriadu, salad salada. malsinadu. salary paga. to live offa salary kumih rudely diskompostu. paga. ruffian goliat. saliva agu di boka, agu di babu, babu. rule (= regulation) regulasang. salivate kai agu di babu. rules stiru. salt n. sal. rumour-monger V. lantah stori. salted salgadu. run kureh. to run away fuzih. salt water agu salgadu. rung (of a ladder or of stairs) fi lu di salty salgadu. skada. salvation salvasang. rupture V. kebrah. same igual, sarna. ruptured kebradu. sample arnostra.to take a sample tirah rushed ariadu. amostra, tomah amostra. sand aria sandal(s) chinela. s sandbar bara. sandpiper kudidi. 's (possessive) sa. sap (= hard setting tree sap used as sack goni, saku. caulking on fishing boats) azeti pau. sacrament sakramintu. Satan demoni. sacrifice It. sakrifisu. satchel bandala. sacristy sakristi. satin panu seda. sacred sagradu. satisfaction kuntentimintu. sad infadu, korsang bafadu, tristi. satisfied kamguan, satisfetu. satisfied at heart korsang satisfetu l36 English-Kristang flnderlist

Saturday sabdu. sea mar. saucepan saspan. sea-cock (on boat) bomal. saucer piring. sea-front bodru di mar. sautee V. fugah. sealing wax lakri. sauteed fugadu. seam kustura. save; to save (= to amass) gadrah. to save sea-shell chonka. food or money sigurah. to save money sea-slug bichu di mar. gadrah doi. to save one's skin salvah. to sea-snail chonka, siput. save (someone) salvah. to save from season tempu. librah. seat kadera. savings ardansa, gadradu, jantadu. seated santadu. saviour salvador. sea-urchin bola di spinyu. saw n. saroti. sea-wall staka. saw V. sarah. second sigunda. say falah. it is said that diski. second-hand sigunda mango scald skaldiah. secret sigredu. in secret ingkantu, scalded skaldiadu. skundidu. to divulge a secret abrih scale; fish scale skama. sigredu. to keep a secret gadrah sigredu. scare V. fazeh midu. person who cannot keep a secret boka scatter spalah. rotu, mal boka. scattered pinchadu, spaladu. secretly ingkantu, skundidu. scent (= liquid perfume) agu di cherozu, see olah. esen. seed karosu, suminti. scent (= smell) cheru. seek buskah. scented cherozu. seem parseh. school skola. select V. skuleh. schoolteacher mestri di skola. self-defence (= martial art) atri. scissors tizora. selfish mal kunisang. scold V. dizorah, rondadi, skaldiah, zurah. self-respect agu di rostu, rostu. to lose scolded; to be scolded tokah rondadi. one's self respect pedreh rostu. to make scorch V. kemah. someone lose their self-respect fazeh scorched kemadu. agu di rostu kai. scorpion skorpiang. sell bendeh, merkah. scoundrel malandru. seller bendedor. send mandah. to send for (someone) scrape V. raspah. mandah chomah. scratch 11. marka di unya, riska. senile chacha. scratch V. ranyah. sense n. sintidu. scream 11. gritu. senseless seng sintidu. scream V. berah, dah gueJa, kaskah gueJa. English-Kristang finderlist 137

sensitive (= touchy) funamintu, korsang sharpen rusah. kurtu, ponturia. shawl; wedding shawl bauchi. sentence; criminal sentence sentensia. shave rapah. sentiment korsang, sintidu. shaved rapadu. separate v. ; to separate (conjugally) shaven rapadu. dispachah. to separate from a husband she eli. largah maridu. to separate from a wife shed n. kabanda. largah muleh. sheet; sheet of paper fi u (di papel), fola. separated (conjugally) dispachadu, bed sheet panu di kama. largadu sheet (= rope controlling setting of sail); sermon pregasang. main-sheet skota. servant amah, skrabu. shell 11. kapa, kaska. snail-shell kaza di set fi re botah fogu, fazeh fogu. siput. bailer shell siput brufa. horn shell set out; to set out a fishing net parah redi. siput chupah kuh. seven seti. shell v. kaskah. seventeen diseti. shelter n. bangsal, kabanda, repairu. seventy satenta. shelter v. angkrah, dah repairu, sombrah, sew kortah kuzeh, kuzeh kustura. to sew tomah repairu. on a button pregah butang. shift v. ; to shift house mudah. sewing n. kustura. ship barku. shackle n. braga. shipping lane baliza barku pasah. shad sadrinya. shirk v. skundeh osu. shade n. sombra. shirt banyan, kamiza. shade v. dah sombra, sombrah. shiver v. trimih. shadow sombra. shocked saJtu. shake bulih, trimih. to shake hands dah shoe sapatu. mango to shake off sakudih. shoelace fita di sapatu. shaky distrongkadu. shoot botah tiru, dah tiru, pontah. shall logu. shop butika. bicycle shop butika baisikal . sabola keninu. jewellery shop bitika di Fatu. textile shame n. bergonya. shop butika di panu. coffee shop butika shame v. fazeh bergonya. (di) kofi. shameless kara dislabadu, nteh bergonya, short kutru. short in stature, stunted peJi grosu. kateh. to be short of Falta. shape Fi gura. shortchange v. birah doi falta. share n. kinyang, patri. shortly niora. share v. patih. to share one's problems shot 11. tiru. (with someone) Jargah baFamintu. shoulder kosta, ombru. shark kasang. shout dah gritu, dah guela, gritah, kaskah sharp agudu. gritu. 138 English-Kristang finderlist

show dah mustrah, mustrah. silence silensiu. to silence someone tapah shower; a shower of rain mpangkada di boka. chua. silent ketu kaladu, ketu di ketu kaiadu. show otT v. dah mustrah patratu. not a sound, dead silent ning he neng shread n. tires. hu. to remain silent fichah boka, fikah San Simang. shriek gritu. silk seda. shrimp gragoh. blachan. fermented shrimp chinchaloh. silver prata. shrine; Kristang household shrine fo r sin n. pekadu. mortal sin pekadu mortal. statuettes of saints letori. vinial sin pekadu vinial. shrink ngkurtah. sin v. kartah pekadu. shroud; funeral shroud for women sincere korsang limpu. mortala. sincerely (ku) retu korsang. shrub albi. sing kantah. shudder trimih. singer; singer kantaderafem., kantador shut adj. fichadu. shut (but not locked) masc. chapadu. sink v.i. fundah. shut v. fichah. to shut to chapah. sink V.t. fazeh bai fundu, fazeh fundah. shy bergonyuzu. sinker chumbu. sibling irmang. sinner pekador. sick duenti. sick of nj uadu di. sir (= mister) sinyor. sickness duensa. sister irmang femi. eldest sister susi. side banda. leftside banda skerdu. right sister-in-law kunyada. side banda dretu. side by side ilagra ku sit (= to sit down) santah. to sit (= to be iiagra. seated) santah. side v. ; to take sides tomah patri di. by the sit motionless santah pau pedra. side di ilarga. sitting room sala. sight bista. at firstsight premiru bista. in six sez. sight na bista. out of sight, out of mind sixteen dises. lonzi di bista, lonzi di korsang. to keep sixty sesenta. something in sight botah bista. to lose skeleton kabera. sight of pedreh di bista. within one's sight basu di olu. skill chadisa. sign n. asenu, sinal. to make a sign (to skilled chadu. someone) fazeh asenu. skin n. kaska, peli. sign v. asinah, dah asinadu. skin v. kaskah, pelah. signal n. asenu, sinal. skinned limpadu. signal (= to make a sign) v. fazeh asenu. skirt; long skirt worn by bride at signature asinadu. traditional Kristang wedding saia. Sikh Benggali. skirt of Malay origin worn by older Kristang women sarong. English-Kristang finderlist 139

skull kabera. smoke 11. fumu. sky seu. smoke v.t. fumah. to smoke, to emit slander v. lantah falsu, lantah sistamunya. smoke sai fumu slap n. bostada, palm ada. snail siput. snail-shell kaza di siput. slap v. dah mbostada. snake kobra. slaughter n. matansa, safah. snatch rabutih. slaughter v. safah. sneak out bakuah. slave amba, skrabu. sneaky lagratu. sleep n. sonu. heavy sleep sonu pezadu. sneer 11. rizu. light sleep sonu lebi. to lose sleep sneer v. olah basu. kebrah sonu. sneeze 11. spiru. sleep v. drumih, pustemah olu. to pretend sneeze v. dah spiru. to be asleep fazeh drumih. to sleep in sniff out buskah cheru, pusah cheru. the open drumih na serenu. snobbish gabadu. sleepy olu pezadu, sonu. snore rongkah. slice telada. to cut into slices kotrah n. snort suah. tel ada-tel ada. snot ranyu. slice v.telah. to slice thinly iris. so asilaya. slim ad). magru. so and so fulana, fulanu. slip v. leche peu. so ( = such) kozi di. slipper chinela, chispu, kalsu. so (= thus) asih, (ja)fikah, kabah. slit n. riska. so much asilaya, astantu. slit v. riskah. soap sabang. soap bubble bola di sabang. slow bagah. slow in learning bagah, adj. soap suds agu di sabang. kabesa pezadu. sober sizu. to become sober pedreh v. = bagah. slow ( to slow down) tokadu. slowly bagah. socialize with champurah, chapah. small keninu. soft moli. soft and puffy fofu. smallpox bisiga. softly bagah. smart chadu. soil n. mati. to work the soil labrah. smash v. gabartah. soil v. manchah. smell cheru. bad smell pestia. fishy n. soiled suw. soiled (referring to clothes) smell amis. bolor. smell (= to sense a smell) cherah. soldier soldadu. smell = to emit a bad smell) fe deh. ( sole chispu di peu. smelly pestia. sole fish lingguada. smile rizu. n. solid duru. of solid nature durasang, smile v. raginyah, surih. dureza. smiling raginyadu. some; (there are) some kal teng, ki teng. 140 English-Kristang finderlist

sometimes beng oras, mbes-mbes, Spanish mackeral (pesi) sera. membes. spank brumah. son filu. adopted son fi lu keriadu. spark chispa. only son filu onsong. sparrow padral. song bersu, kantiga. spatula chengsi. son-in-law jeru. speak papiah. soon niora. soon, in a little while longer specimen amostra. maniora. as soon as asih saja. spectacles okel. sorcerer mestri di fitiseru. speech papiah, papiamintu, papiasang. sorceress mai di diabudesa. speech impediment linggu kurtu. sorcery fitiseru. to be a victim of sorcery spell; to have a spell placed on one tokah fitiseru, tokah fazeh. to practise through food tokah kumih. under (the sorcery bringkah ku fitiseru, fazeh influence 00 a spell ingkantadu. fitiseru. spend gastah. sore n. chaga. spiced temprada. sore sore (of a sore throat) aspa. adj. ; spices tempra. penah. sorrow; suffer sorrow spicy hot; to be spicy hot adreh. sorry; to feel sorry for koitadu. spider labalaba, raranya, spaida. sort (= kind, type) kualidadi, laya, nasang, spinster (= old maid) fila mina bela. sorti. all sorts (kinds, types) of bera spirit alma, spritu. evil spirit angkoza sorti di, laya laya di, nasang-nasang di. suzu, diabu, diaburia. Holy Spirit Spritu various sorts (kinds, types) of nasang Santu. di. spirit (alcoholic drink) binyu. sort V. ; to sort through skuleh. spit v. kuspih. soul alma. spittle kuspi. sound n. song. splendour spendor. sound (= to check depth of water) sundah. to sound out sundah. splinter (of wood) laska. soup supa. split adj. fendidu. sour azedu. split n. rachu. source nasimintu. split v. kotrah dos. to split open fendeh, rabentah. south suI. spoil danah. souvenir lembransa. spoilt danadu. space spasu. please make space! judah bakuah korpu. sponge v. jiu. spade (in a pack of playing cards) spada. spongy fofu. Spain tera Spanyoi. spoon kuleh. Spaniard. Spanyol. spout n.; spout of teapot, spout of jug biku. spout of water tromba, tromba di Spanish adj. Spanyol. agu. Spanish language Spanyoi. English-Kristang finderlist 141 spread spaladu. startv. komesah. to start a business abrih spread spaJah. to spread open abrih. merkansia. spread gossip lantah stori, dali banu. startled saltu. spring (of water) olu di agu. starving fomiadu. sprout (= bud) 11. olu. stature Figura. sprout v. kriseh, naseh. stay (= support) n. steu spur (= spur of a rooster) n. porang. stayv. fi kah. spy v. spiah. steal futah, ratiah. squall peu di bentu. steam n. bafu. square ad}. kuatu kantu. steam v. bafah, kukus. square n. kuatu kantu. steamed bafadu. squat santah koka. stench fedeh. squeeze sprimih. stepbrother irmang bastadu. squeeze in bakuah. stepdaughter intiada. squeeze out bakuah. stepfather padrastu. squid choka. stepmother madrasta. squint; squit-eyed atrevesadu, olu skel. stepson intiadu. stab fizgah. stern (of boat) popa. stabbed fizgadu. stick (= piece of wood) pau. stable stal. stiff duru. stage n. stradu. stifle fugah. stain n. mancha, noda. still (= motionless) adj. kaladu. to be still stain v. manchah. kaladu. stair skada. still (= yet) adv. inda, mesu. stale; stale bread pang gadradu. sting n. sen gat. stammering gagu. stingy kainyu. stand v. impeh. to stand in for fazeh stink n. pestia. troku, impeh. to stand upright, to set stink v. fedeh. upright Iantah. to stand (something) up stinking fedeh, pestia. fazeh impeh. stir kachoh. standing impidu. stitching n. kustura. star strela. morning star strela di sinkora, St John's Hill (Malacca) Oiteru San strela di pamiang. Juang. stare merkah, rangkah oIu, skutah. to stare St Paul's Hill (Malacca) Oiteru Bandera. kustah boka. at somebody who is eating stock (= breeding) bakah. starfish strela di mar. stolen furtadu. starfruit fruta strela, grambola. stomach bariga, stamu. their eye is bigger start (= beginning) komesu. than their stomach olu grandi tripa 142 English-Kristang fi nderlist

keninu. person with a fat stomach strum ranyah. barigang. stomach of fish buchu. stubborn kabesa duru. stone pedra. precious stone belianti. stuffinginchemintu, recheu. stone (of fruit) karosu. stupefied torduadu. stool bangku. stupid besta, kabesa pezadu, saJvazi. stop aguentah, guentah, parah. to stop up a stupid person kabalu di pau, kabesa di hole tapah. buru, kabesa di kambrang. stopped paradu. stopped up tapadu. stutterer gagu. store; to store up ntulah. stuttering gagu. storm; heavy storm from south-west of sty (= boil on the eyelid) olu di pesi. Malacca bentu samatra, samatra. subordinate staff basu di mango story pasazi, stori. a long-winded story, substitute v. trukah. a rambling story ungua renggu di stori. subtract falta. traditional Kristang story stori rainya. succeed sai bong. straight stretu. such tal. such a! kada ungual strand (of hair) fiu (di kabelu). such and such tal-tal. stranger stranjeru. suck chupah. stream (= rivulet) rachu. suckle dah Jeti onsong. street rua. suddenly mbes per mbes. strength forti dang. suffer padiseh, penah, sufrih. stretch stirah. to stretch oneself stirah, suffering padisidu, sufrimintu. tirah prigisa. suffice chegah. stretched out stiradu. sufficientchegah. more than sufficient strewn pinchadu. subezu. stretu. strict suffocate fugah. stricken aburadu. suffocated fugadu. abanah, bateh, dali, botah pangkada. strike sugar sukri. to strike with a broom basoriah. sugarcane kana. to strike (= to resound) rapikah. suicide v. matah korpu. to suicide by string kodra, fita. string of a musical drowning or by jumping from a height instrument kodra. string fo r hanging pinchah korpu. a window curtain fita di panu janela. string to tie trousers fita di kalsang. sum; sum of money poisu. shoestring (= shoelace) fita di sapatu. sun sol. ball, or eye, of the sun oJu di sol. stripe riska. Sunday Duminggu. Palm Sunday Duminggu di Ramu. stroke (= apoplexy); to have a stroke tokah bentu sa kalor. sunrise subih sol. stroll andah andah, kumih bentu, rudiah. sunset diseh sol, kai so!. to stroll and ramble rudiah pasiah. support n. apoyu. support (in house strong forsa. construction) steu. English-Kristang finderlist 143

support v.; to support morally saportah . T to support a weight aguentah, saportah. surety fiador. table meza. surname alkunya. tablecloth panu di meza, taflak. surprise spantu. table knife faka di meza. surrender v. ntregah. tail rabu. surrounding di dador. tailor teila. suspect suspetah. take panyah, tomah. to take off tirah. suspend pindurah. to take out tirah. suspicion diskonfiansa, suspetu. takings ganansa. suspicious suspetu. tale pasazi. sustenance sustentu. talk n. papiah, papiasang, papiamintu. swallow n. andurinyu. talk v. papiah. to talk unintelligibly swallow v. nggulih. papiah Gregu. swamp n. paya. talkative boka lebi. swarm n. tropa. talker; sweet talker boka dosi. swear (= to curse) dah praga, jurah, tall altu. malisuah, pragiah. tamarind tambrinyu. swear (= to take an oath) fazeh krus, tame jinadu. jurah. tank tangki. sor. sor kansera. sweat n. sweat and toil tap (= fa wcett) paip. sweat v. sai sor. tapioca kasaba, nyami benggala. sweep bareh. tar; caulking tar azeti pau, breu. sweet ad}. dosi. bittersweet dosi marga. taste It. sabor. sweet n. dosi. taste v. chobah, prubah. sweet-talk v. papiah dosi. tasteless neng abor neng sabor. swell v. fikah inchadu, kriseh. tasty sabrozu. sweet potato batata. tattered rabidu. tattered and torn razgadu swim nadah. to go for a swim labah korpu rumpidu. (na mar). tea chao plain tea cha tal. tea-leaf fola chao swing n. boboi. teaspoon kuleh di chao swindle v. ngganah. teach dah chadisa, insinah, prendeh. swindler n. ngganador. teacher mestri. swollen inchadu. teapot pochi. sword spada. tear (= teardrop) n. lagri. swordfish pesi spada. tear V. razgah. to tear into shreds fazeh sympathy piadadi. tiras. tear up rabeh. teat biku di mama. baby's dummy, pacifier chupa. 144 English-Kristang finderlist teeth denti. fa lse teeth denti falsu. milk thimble dida!. teeth denti di leti. thin (= slim) ad}. margu. tell dah sabeh, kontah, falah. thin (= not thick) adj. finu. especially thin tell lies rekah. fineza. tell off maguah. thing angkoza, koza. temper; hot-tempered pelusu. short­ think lembrah, pensah. to think tempered korsang kenti. reflectively abrih sintidu, konsidah, temperament (= character, nature) renah. kunisang, natural. thin adj. magru. ten des. third treseru. tender teru. thirst sedi. to quench one's thirst matah tenth des, namba des. sedi. termite karier. thirsty sikura. terraced skada-skada. thirteen trezi. testicle bola, fruta, karosu. thirty trinta. textile shop butika di panu. this isti. this one isti. Thailand tera Siam. thorn spinyu. thank dah merseh. to thank God lantah thought lembransa, lembrasang. mang ku Deus. thousand mil. thanks gradesidu, mersemintu, merseh. thousands mil. thank you mutu merseh. thank you very thrash; (to thrash a person) kaniah, much mutu grandi merseh. bateh, botah pangkada, maguah, zuniah. that demo art. & pro. akeli. thread n. linya. that (=which) reI. pro. ki. thread v. ; to thread a needle fazeh intrah thatching; palm thatching; thatched roof linya na olu di agula. ola. threadfin fish rubalu brangku, rubalu the akeli, isti, isi. pretu, rubalu. their olotu sa. threaten fazeh midu, mesah. theirs olotu sa. threatening weather tempu armadu. them olotu. three tres. then dispois, (ja) fikah, kabah. throat garganta. there nalah, nalih. there and then di logu throne trukah. mesu. throw pinchah. to throw away pinchah. therefore akeh kauzu. to throw out pinchah. they olotu. thrown about pinchadu. thick grosu. thumb dedu grandi, mai di dedu. thickness gordura. thunder garanggrum, trubada. clap of thief ladrang, penchurang. thunder guru guru. thigh perna. Thursday kintafera. thus asih, isorti, (ja) fikah, isorti mesu, English-Kristang finderlist 145

tide agu. high tide agu grandi. incoming toast v. asah, torah. to make a toast tide agu inchenti. low tide agu keninu. (to something or someone) fazeh saudi. completely ebbed tide agu seku. to drink a toast, to raise a toast Jantah outgoing tide agu bazanti. saudi. tidied; tidied up rakuJidu. toasted toradu. tidy adj. asentu. tobacco tabaku. tidy v. arenjah. to tidy up rakuJeh. today ozi. tie marah. toddy sura. tied maradu. tied and bound maraliadu. toe dedu, dedu di peu. tied tongue Jinggu kurtu. toenail unya. tiger trigi. together dos dos, juntadu, juntu. tigress trigera. toil 11. kansera, sor kansera. tight tezu. toil v. kansah, kebrah osu, Jabutah. to toil tighten tezah. and sweat for a living kansah buskah. tightened tezadu. toilet kakus, retretu, sekreta. tight-fitting justu. tolerate aguentah. timber madera. piece of sawn timber tombstone keJda baroti. piece of timber Jaras. tomfoolery bobu jumaria. time tempu, oras. a period of time spasu, tomorrow amiang. tomorrow afternoon tempu. a long time ago ja tantu tempu, amiang atadi. tomorrow morning tempu primiru. another time, next time, ampamiang. tomorrow night amiang some other time otru bes. at one time in anuti. the past, ntempu-ntempu. at that time, tongue Iinggu. to hold one's tongue in that time, in those times akeh tempu. kaJadu. to be on the tip of one's tongue at the appropriate time, when it is teng na ponta di linggu, teng na bodru di time chegah sa oras. before time antis di besu. sharp-tongued Jinggu agudu. tempu. it is time chegah oras. each time, tonight ozi anuti. every time kada bes. for the time being tool(s) abamintu, ferumintu, instrumintu. par oras. this time isti mbes, isti bes. many a time, many times tantu bes. too pun, taming. once in a while mbes-mbes. once upon too many mutu tantu. a time ntempu-ntempu. waste time too much mutu tantu. pedreh tempu. what time is it? kantoras? tooth denti. canine tooth denti kachoru. times; at times beng oras. molar denti kesada. wisdom tooth denti tip (= gratuity) 11. doi di kofi. kesada. tip (= end, extremity) n. ponta. top (= cover, lid) kubitor, tapa. tipsy bebdu, feradu. top (= highest or superior part) kabesa, tire kansah. riba. at the top, on the top na riba. on top of na riba di. tired kansadu, maguadu. top = spinning top) piang. to ku, na. in order to pa. ( topsy turvy basu pa riba, choldabolda. toad manduku. 146 English-Kristang .finderlist

torment n. padisidu. trick v. fazeh besta, furah, ngganah. torment v. trumentah. to be tricked tokah furah, tokah pregu. torn rabidu, razgadu. tattered and torn trickster n. ngganador. razgadu rumpidu. tricky atri. tortoise tontong. trim v. to trim hair chuskiah. torch; bamboo torch damar. trip v. dali topadu. toss and turn birah truseh, truseh birah. trip n.; return trip birada. touch tokah. to touch (= to reach) restah. trouble n. trabalu. to invite trouble touchy funamintu, korsang kurtu, ponturia. buskah tratu. tough duru. trouble v. ; to trouble (someone) dah tratu. toughness (of material) durasang, dureza. don't trouble yourself! nang kansah. towel tuala. troublemaker armador, armasang. town korti, taun. troublesome konenadu. tradition stiru, tradisang, uZU. troop n. tropa. train kareta fogu. trousers kalsang. long trousers kalsang trance; go into a trance subih duru. kumpridu. short trousers kalsang kutru. Trankerah (suburb of Malacca) trowel kuleh. Trangkera. truant fuzang, fuzang di skola. tranquil susegadu. true berdadi, retu, sertu. that's true! transmit pasah. to transmit by word of mandah retu! berdadi ! mouth pasah palabra. truly retu, retu retu. transvestite machu femi. trump card trumfu. trap;. crab trap bintor. trumps bringkah baza, brinkah manila, jogu manila. travel V. to travel around kostiah. to travel around the world kostiah trunk (= chest, large box) kasang, mundu. to travel by santah. to travel by trangka. bus santah bas. to travel by bicycle trunk (of elephant) tromba. santah baisikal. to travel by car santah trunk (of palm-tree) paimera. kareta. trunk (of tree) madera. tray bandeza. tray made from strips of trust n. konfiadu, konfiansa. bamboo supu. trust v. konfiah. tread masah. trusting adj. konfiadu. tratah. treat truth berdadi. treatment; to undergo medical treatment try chobah, prubah. to try on prubah. tomah kura. tuberculosis etika, tisika. tree albi. mango tree albi mangga. Tuesday tersafera. rosewood tree albi ansana. tumeric safrang. tree sap azeti pau. tune n. bersu. tremble V. trimih. tunnel v. koreh. trendy apapoi tu. English-Kristang finderlist 147 turkey kalkun. underside basu. turn n. troku. understand intendeh. turn v. birah. to turn overbirah, merkah. understanding intendemintu, intindidu. to turn off pagah. to turn out well sai undo abrih. bong. undulating altu basu. turtle tratuga. unfasten abrih. twelve dozi. unfo rtunate koitadu. twenty binti. unfurl; to unfurl a sail largah bela. twice dos bes. ungrateful inggratu. ungrateful person twilight trindadi. kanalia. twist truseh. to twist and turn truseh union yuniang. birah. unintelligibly; to talk unintelligibly twisted trusidu. papiah Gregu. two dos. two at a time dos dos. unity yuniang. type (= kind, sort) kualidadi, laya, nasang, unkind mal kunisang, korsang podri. sorti. all types (kinds, sorts) of bera unlock abrih. sorti di, laya-laya di, nasang-nasang di. unlucky mufinu. various sorts (kinds, sorts) of nasang birasang. di. unpaid unpalatable (referring to water) salobra. typhoid kapialu. unrecognizable diskunisidu. unripe berdi. u unstable distrongkadu. mentally unstable bentu, teng bentu. ugly feu, fetor. ugly-looking (person) unsteady distrongkadu. fesang di nyapu. untidy dispregatadu, pinchadu botadu. ulcer bisol, chaga. until ati, ati ki, sampeh. umbrella sombrelu. untimely antis di tempu. uncared fo r dispregatadu, pinchadu. up riba. uncertain dos korsang. up to date apapoitu. uncle tiu. uncle (= archaic term of upbringing; good upbringing adukasang. address) tatom. great uncle aboh tiu. uproot rangkah. uncork abrih botel. uprooted rangkadu. uncover diskubrih. upside down basu pa riba. uncovered abertu. upstairs; upstairs part of two-storey undecided dos korsang, korsang dos. house solda. undergo pasah. to undergo hardship urinate mizah. pasah trabalu. urine agu di mizu, mizu. underneath basu. us nus. all of us nus tudu. underpants kalsang di drentu. use v. sibrih. 148 English-Kristang finderlist

use; to be of use baleh. visitor bizita. used (= second hand) belu. voice song, vos. useless ngka baleh, ngka sibrih. useless vomit n. gumitu. (person) mbalidu, ngkorpadu, peu vomit v. gumitah, trokah. kebradu. vow n. premesa, premetesang. vow v. fazeh premesa, fazeh premetesang. vulgar diskompostu. vulgar person v pabiserafem., pabiseru masc. vulgarity pabisa. speak vulgarly dah vacation; to have a vacation kumih bentu. pabisa, papiah pabisa. vaccination bisiga. vulgarly diskompostu. vagabond pedridu. vulva buraku di konu. vagina fula, konu. valour animu. value balia, balor. w vapour fumu. various bera soti, nasang-nasang. wager n. apostu. vegetable bredu. wager v. apostah. vein bias. wage paga. velvet panu biludu, biludu. waist kadera. venereal disease duenti (di) femi. wait sperah. venture v. riskah. wake v. igrih. verandah baranda, surami. walk andah. to go for a walk pasiah. verbally (= by word of mouth) di palabra. to walk around or to walk about andah verse bersu. rudiah. to walk hurriedly azinyah. to walk (to a place away from the very bomong, di beng di, mutu, ngka andah bai. bringku. point of reference) to walk (from another place to the point of vicar bigairu. reference) andah beng. to walk to and view bista. to keep something in view fro andah bai andah beng. to walk with botah bista. a slow gait andah chumah nyonya. vigil; to keep a vigil biziah. walking-stick tongkah. vile feu. wall paredi. village bairu. wane (of the moon) diseh lunga. vinager binagri. want kereh. to not want nggere. violin biola. war gera. to wage war fazeh gera. virgin fila mina. Virgin Maria Virjim wardrobe almari. Maria. warehouse gudang. virginity mina. warm ad}. kenti friu. visit bizitah, dah bizita. warm v. kentah. English-Kristang finderlist 149 warmth kalor. weather tempu. fine weather bong tempu. wart buruga. threatening weather tempu armadu. wash v. labah. weathercock rabu di galu. washerwoman mainata, muleh labah ropa. wedding kazamintu. wedding bans wasp tabuang. swarm of wasps tropa di pregang. tabuang. wedge kunya. waste v. gastah. to waste time pedreh Wednesday kuartafera. Wednesday of tempu. Holy Week kuartafera di trevas. watch n. orlozi. week sumana. watch v. biziah, olah, reparah. to watch weep churah. out abrih olu, biziah kuidadu. to watch weeping choru. over biziah, dah bista. to watch with weigh pezah. to weigh with a balance suspicion reparah. balansah. water agu. barley water agu di gor. weight pezu. to lose weight kebrah korpu. brackish water agu salobra. Holy water well adv. bong. agu bensen. fresh water agu dosi. well n. posu. rainwater agu di chua. salt water agu well filled nsutu. salgadu. sea water agu di mar. well water agu di posu. west westi. south-west suI westi. water nask frasku, kaneka. wet muladu, mulah. watermelon; dried watermelon seed what ki. what a ... ! kada ungua ... ! kuachi. what? ki? what is the matter? ki kauzu? watery aguada, aguresta. whatever ki-ki, kal kizera, ki kizera. waves maris. wheat trigu. wax sera. wheel roda. way; way (=manner) nasang. way when chega oras, kantu. (behaviour) andasang. way (pathway) when? kantu, kora, ki ora. kaminyu. that way per alih. where undi. Way of the Cross Via Sakra, sakra. where? ki banda, undi. we nus. we (= we inclusive, you and I) wherever undi undi. nus tudu. whether kantu. weak fraku. very weak frakeza. weak which (= that) ki. tasting aguada, aguresta. which? kal? wealth ardansa, dinyiru, rikeza. whichever kalkizera, kal kereh. wealthy riku. which one kal ungua. weapon armas. while rentu di. while, as long as ati. weaponry armasang. whip n. chabuku. wear v. sibrih. to wear fancy dress muda whip v. soitah, zomikah. stadu. white brangku. weary kansadu. whistle n. f1oi. 150 English-Kristang finderlist whistle v. floi,subiah. witchcraft diaburia. whisper sufrah. with ku. white of egg klara di obu. within rentu. whitewash chunamu. to whitewash dali without seng. without much ado seng chunamu. mas. whitlow malita. withstand aguentah. who keng, ki. witness sistamunya. who? keng? wits singku sintidu, sintidu. whoever keng. woman femi, muleh. adult woman muleh. whole interu. old woman bela. young woman femi, nona. whose keng sa. womb lugah di krensa, lugah parih, ventri. why kifoi, ki kauzu? wonder; no wonder konfomi, pefetu. why? kifoi, lei kauzu. wood madera. piece of wood pau. wick pabiu. wicked katisal, rayu. wood grain bias. wide largu. woodpecker pikapau. wide open rangkadu. word palabra. by word of mouth di palabra. to keep one's word kumprih widow biuba. palabra. to spread the word pasah widower biubu. palabra. to take one at one's word width largura, largu. pegah palabra. wife muleh. deserted wife biuba mpidu. work n. work (= occupation) sibrisu. wig kabilera. work (= employment) ramidi. to wiggle bulih. attempt to avoid work skundeh osu. will; good will bondadi. work V. fai sibrisu. to work hard fai will (= future time) 10, logu. sibrisu ku astrang, kartah basah, trabaliah. will not nadi. to work the soil labrah. to avoid work lantah peu. win ganyah, venseh. workbench baleu. wind bentu. blast of wind peu di bentu. easterly wind bentu lesti. eye of the world mundu. the whole world tudu wind olu di bentu. mundu. worm chaching. worm, worm-like window janela. creature bichu. wing aza. worn out maguadu. wink brinkah olu, kleh olu. worry; be worried bariadu, infadu, wipe limpah, sekah. petrubadu. don't worry ngka dibeh. wire dabi. worship adorah, adorasang. wise chadu, kapas. worth balor. to be worth baleh. wisdom tooth denti kesada. worthless ngka baleh, seng balor. wish bontadi, kereh. would logu. witch burusa. English-Kristang finderlist 151

wound n. firida. infected wound malita. yell v. dah gritu, dah guela, kaskah gritu, woven stera. kaskah gueJa. wreck v. kebrah. yellow marelu. wrecked kebradu. yellowish (= colour of ripening fruit) wrench truseh. marizu. wretch jakairu. yes seng. wring sprimih, truseh. yesterday onti. wrinkle ploi. yet (= but, however) mas. write skribeh. to read and write les yet inda, mesu. not yet nenang, nenang ... skribeh. inda. writing letra. yolk jema. wrong eradu. you pl. bolotu. you all bolotu tudu. you sg. bos. young krensa. young (= tender, of fruit, plants) teru. young man mansebu, y rapas. young woman nona. your pl. bolotu sa. your sg. bos sa. yam kaladi, nyami. yours pl. bolotu sa. yours sg. bos sa. yard (= compound of house) kintal . yard (= measurement) ela. yawn v. abrih boka di sonu, bisichah. z year anu. happy new year bong anu nubu. last year anu pasadu. next year otru anu. new year anu nubu. year before zero kapoti. last anu truzadu. yell n. gritu. Baxter, A.N. and De Silva, P. A dictionary of Kristang (Malacca Creole Portuguese) English. PL-564, xxii + 151 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 2005. DOI:10.15144/PL-564.1 ©2005 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative.