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Masarykova Univerzita Filozofická Fakulta Ústav Románských Jazyků a Literatur Magisterská Diplomová Práce

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Masarykova Univerzita Filozofická Fakulta Ústav Románských Jazyků a Literatur Magisterská Diplomová Práce MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA FILOZOFICKÁ FAKULTA ÚSTAV ROMÁNSKÝCH JAZYKŮ A LITERATUR MAGISTERSKÁ DIPLOMOVÁ PRÁCE 2019 Bc. Michaela Dostálová MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA FILOZOFICKÁ FAKULTA Ústav románských jazyků a literatur Překladatelství španělského jazyka Estrategias de la traducción y doblaje de películas chinas al español Magisterská diplomová práce Bc. Michaela Dostálová Vedoucí práce: doc. Mgr. Ivo Buzek, Ph.D. Brno 2019 2 Prohlašuji, že jsem magisterskou diplomovou práci vypracovala samostatně s využitím uvedených pramenů a literatury. Tištěná verze se shoduje s elektronickou verzí uloženou v archivu informačního systému MU. __________________________________ Bc. Michaela Dostálová 3 Poděkování Ráda bych na tomto místě poděkovala všem, kteří se na vzniku této práce podíleli, zejména pak doc. Mgr. Ivo Buzkovi, Ph.D. za profesionální přístup, ochotu, trpělivost a cenné rady. Dále bych chtěla poděkovat Mgr. Zuzaně Pospěchové, Ph.D. a Chen Yiwen za jejich cenné rady při zpracování čínské části analýzy. V neposlední řadě bych chtěla poděkovat své rodině za podporu. 4 ÍNDICE INTRODUCCIÓN ............................................................................................................................................ 7 1. LA TRADUCCIÓN EN GENERAL ................................................................................................... 10 1.1. LA TRADUCCIÓN EN EL AMBIENTE CASTELLANO ............................................................. 10 1.2. LA SITUACIÓN ACTUAL ........................................................................................................... 11 1.3. LA TEORÍA DE LA TRADUCCIÓN ACTUAL ............................................................................ 12 2. EL PROCEDIMIENTO DE LA TRADUCCIÓN ................................................................................ 13 3. LOS PRINCIPIOS DE LA TRADUCCIÓN ........................................................................................ 17 4. LOS TIPOS DE LA TRADUCCIÓN .................................................................................................. 18 4.1. LA TRADUCCIÓN DE TEXTOS LITERARIOS ........................................................................... 19 4.2. LA EXPRESIÓN DE LA LENGUA ORIGINAL EN LA LENGUA META ................................... 20 4.3. EL CONTEXTO CULTURAL ....................................................................................................... 21 4.4. TRADUCCIÓN DE LAS OBRAS CHINAS AL ESPAÑOL........................................................... 22 4.4.1. LAS OBRAS LITERARIAS .................................................................................................. 22 4.4.2. RECEPCIÓN DEL ARTE CHINO EN ESPAÑA ................................................................... 24 4.5. LA TRADUCCIÓN DE LAS OBRAS ESPAÑOLAS AL CHINO .................................................. 25 4.6. LA COMUNIDAD CHINA EN ESPAÑA ...................................................................................... 26 5. LA TRADUCCIÓN AUDIOVISUAL ................................................................................................ 29 5.1. DEFINICIÓN DE LA TRADUCCIÓN AUDIOVISUAL ................................................................ 29 5.2. EL TEXTO AUDIOVISUAL ......................................................................................................... 30 5.3. TIPOS DE LA TRADUCCIÓN AUDIOVISUAL ........................................................................... 31 5.4. LOS PROCEDIMIENTOS DE TRADUCCIÓN AUDIOVISUAL .................................................. 32 5.5. LA PROBLEMÁTICA DE LA TRADUCCIÓN AUDIOVISUAL .................................................. 33 5.5.1. LA TRADUCCIÓN DEL TÍTULO DE LA OBRA................................................................. 33 5.5.2. EL HUMOR .......................................................................................................................... 34 5.5.3. EL LENGUAJE DE LAS IMÁGENES .................................................................................. 35 5.5.4. VARIACIÓN DEL LENGUAJE ............................................................................................ 35 5.5.5. PELÍCULAS MULTILINGÜES ............................................................................................ 36 5.5.6. LA TRADUCCIÓN DE LAS CANCIONES .......................................................................... 36 5.5.7. LA TRADUCCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS CULTURALES ..................................................... 36 5.5.8. REFERENCIAS INTERTEXTUALES .................................................................................. 37 5.5.9. LA IDEOLOGÍA ................................................................................................................... 37 6. EL DOBLAJE .................................................................................................................................... 38 6.1. LA DEFINICIÓN DEL DOBLAJE ................................................................................................ 38 6.2. EL LENGUAJE DEL DOBLAJE ................................................................................................... 40 6.3. LOS TIPOS DEL DOBLAJE ......................................................................................................... 40 6.4. LOS PRINCIPIOS DEL DOBLAJE EN EL MUNDO .................................................................... 41 5 6.5. LOS PRINCIPIOS DEL DOBLAJE EN ESPAÑA .......................................................................... 42 6.5.1. ESPAÑA Y LA CENSURA ................................................................................................... 43 6.5.2. LOS PREMIOS DEL CINE Y DEL DOBLAJE ESPAÑOLES ............................................... 44 6.6. LOS PRINCIPIOS DEL DOBLAJE EN CHINA ............................................................................ 45 6.7. EL PROCESO DEL DOBLAJE ..................................................................................................... 46 7. LOS PRINCIPIOS DE SUBTITULACIÓN ........................................................................................ 51 7.1. LOS TIPOS DE SUBTITULACIÓN .............................................................................................. 51 7.2. ¿DOBLAR O NO DOBLAR?......................................................................................................... 51 8. ANÁLISIS DE LA PELÍCULA .......................................................................................................... 56 8.1. CATEGORÍA DE LA ADAPTACIÓN ........................................................................................... 59 8.1.1. “CHENGYU” Y LOS IDIOMAS ........................................................................................... 59 8.1.2. OTRAS FRASES HECHAS CHINAS Y LA FRASEOLOGÍA ESPAÑOLA .......................... 63 8.1.3. CATEGORÍA LOS PROVERBIOS Y LOS REFRANES ....................................................... 64 8.2. CATEGORÍA DE TRADUCCIÓN COMUNICATIVA .................................................................. 65 8.2.1. LOS VULGARISMOS Y LAS EXPRESIONES COLOQUIALES ......................................... 65 8.3. CATEGORÍA DE LA EQUIVALENCIA ....................................................................................... 67 8.3.1. LA TRADUCCIÓN APROXIMADA .................................................................................... 67 8.4. CATEGORÍA DE LA SUBSTITUCIÓN ........................................................................................ 73 8.4.1. LA SUBSTITUCIÓN ............................................................................................................ 73 8.5. CATEGORÍA DE LA AMPLIFICACIÓN ...................................................................................... 79 8.5.1. LAS MULETILLAS .............................................................................................................. 79 8.6. CATEGORÍA DE LA TRADUCCIÓN CULTURAL ..................................................................... 81 8.6.1. LA TRADUCCIÓN CULTURAL .......................................................................................... 81 8.7. CATEGORÍA DEL EXOTISMO ................................................................................................... 85 8.7.1. LA TRADUCCIÓN FONÉTICA O NO MODIFICADA ........................................................ 85 8.8. CATEGORÍA DE LA OMISIÓN ................................................................................................... 85 8.8.1. LA TRADUCCIÓN FORMAL ..................................................................................................... 85 8.9. CATEGORÍA DE NOMBRES Y TRATAMIENTOS ..................................................................... 89 8.9.1. LA TRADUCCIÓN DE NOMBRES ............................................................................................. 89 8.9.2. TRADUCCIÓN DE TRATAMIENTOS ........................................................................................ 92 8.10. RESULTADOS DEL ANÁLISIS ............................................................................................... 94 CONCLUSIÓN .............................................................................................................................................. 96 BIBLIOGRAFÍA ...........................................................................................................................................
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