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International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Arti cial Intelligence September 2020, Vol. VI, Number 3 ISSN: 1989-1660 This picture is in honor of Jeerson Cardenas Guerra, author and winner of the call #yomequedoencasadiseñando - #Istayathomedesigning - launched by the Virtual Museum of the Engineering and Technology School of UNIR. 2020 Special Issue on Arti cial Intelligence and Blockchain INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN: 1989-1660 –VOL. 6, NUMBER 3 IMAI RESEARCH GROUP COUNCIL Director - Dr. Rubén González Crespo, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Spain Office of Publications - Lic. Ainhoa Puente, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Spain Latin-America Regional Manager - Dr. Carlos Enrique Montenegro Marín, Francisco José de Caldas District University, Colombia EDITORIAL TEAM Editor-in-Chief Dr. Rubén González Crespo, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Spain Managing Editor Dr. Elena Verdú, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Spain Dr. Javier Martínez Torres, Universidad de Vigo, Spain Dr. Vicente García Díaz, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain Associate Editors Dr. Enrique Herrera-Viedma, University of Granada, Spain Dr. Gunasekaran Manogaran, University of California, Davis, USA Dr. Witold Perdrycz, University of Alberta, Canada Dr. Miroslav Hudec, University of Economics of Bratislava, Slovakia Dr. Jörg Thomaschewski, Hochschule Emden/Leer, Emden, Germany Dr. Francisco Mochón Morcillo, National Distance Education University, Spain Dr. Manju Khari, Ambedkar Institute of Advanced Communication Technologies and Research, India Dr. Carlos Enrique Montenegro Marín, Francisco José de Caldas District University, Colombia Dr. Juan Manuel Corchado, University of Salamanca, Spain Dr. Giuseppe Fenza, University of Salerno, Italy Editorial Board Members Dr. Rory McGreal, Athabasca University, Canada Dr. Óscar Sanjuán Martínez, CenturyLink, USA Dr. Anis Yazidi, Oslo Metropolitan University, Norway Dr. Nilanjan Dey, Techo India College of Technology, India Dr. Juan Pavón Mestras, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain Dr. Lei Shu, Nanjing Agricultural University, China/University of Lincoln, UK Dr. Ali Selamat, Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology, Malaysia Dr. Hamido Fujita, Iwate Prefectural University, Japan Dr. Francisco García Peñalvo, University of Salamanca, Spain Dr. Francisco Chiclana, De Montfort University, United Kingdom Dr. Jordán Pascual Espada, ElasticBox,Oviedo University, Spain Dr. Ioannis Konstantinos Argyros, Cameron University, USA Dr. Ligang Zhou, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China Dr. Juan Manuel Cueva Lovelle, University of Oviedo, Spain Dr. Pekka Siirtola, University of Oulu, Finland Dr. Peter A. Henning, Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Germany Dr. Vijay Bhaskar Semwal, National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India Dr. Sascha Ossowski, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Spain Dr. Anand Paul, Kyungpook National Univeristy, South Korea Dr. Javier Bajo Pérez, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Spain Dr. Jinlei Jiang, Dept. of Computer Science & Technology, Tsinghua University, China Dr. B. Cristina Pelayo G. Bustelo, University of Oviedo, Spain Dr. Masao Mori, Tokyo Institue of Technology, Japan Dr. Rafael Bello, Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas, Cuba Dr. Daniel Burgos, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja - UNIR, Spain Dr. JianQiang Li, Beijing University of Technology, China - 2 - Dr. Rebecca Steinert, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Sweden Dr. Monique Janneck, Lübeck University of Applied Sciences, Germany Dr. S.P. Raja, Vel Tech University, India Dr. Carina González, La Laguna University, Spain Dr. Mohammad S Khan, East Tennessee State University, USA Dr. David L. La Red Martínez, National University of North East, Argentina Dr. Juan Francisco de Paz Santana, University of Salamanca, Spain Dr. Yago Saez, Carlos III University of Madrid, Spain Dr. Guillermo E. Calderón Ruiz, Universidad Católica de Santa María, Peru Dr. Moamin A Mahmoud, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Malaysia Dr. Madalena Riberio, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Portugal Dr. Juan Antonio Morente, University of Granada, Spain Dr. Manik Sharma, DAV University Jalandhar, India Dr. Elpiniki I. Papageorgiou, Technological Educational Institute of Central Greece, Greece Dr. Edward Rolando Nuñez Valdez, Open Software Foundation, Spain Dr. Juha Röning, University of Oulu, Finland Dr. Paulo Novais, University of Minho, Portugal Dr. Sergio Ríos Aguilar, Technical University of Madrid, Spain Dr. Hongyang Chen, Fujitsu Laboratories Limited, Japan Dr. Fernando López, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja - UNIR, Spain Dr. Jerry Chun-Wei Lin, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Norway Dr. Mohamed Bahaj, Settat, Faculty of Sciences & Technologies, Morocco Dr. Manuel Perez Cota, Universidad de Vigo, Spain Dr. Abel Gomes, University of Beira Interior, Portugal Dr. Abbas Mardani, The University of South Florida, USA Dr. Víctor Padilla, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja - UNIR, Spain Dr. Mohammad Javad Ebadi, Chabahar Maritime University, Iran Dr. José Manuel Saiz Álvarez, Tecnológico de Monterrey, México Dr. Alejandro Baldominos, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain - 3 - International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 6, Nº 3 Editor’s Note Towards Blockchain Intelligence n 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto introduced the Bitcoin [1], the first between entities, and the introduction of smart contracts can simplify Icryptocurrency that had a significant impact in the financial scene. the bureaucratic processes. This currency relied on some technological innovations, including a In summary, the advantages of the Blockchain technology for the cryptographic mining system and a distributed database with interesting financial sector can be specified in the following aspects: properties, deemed “the Blockchain”. • Efficiency: Savings in transaction costs, which makes information At its core, Blockchain is a database able to store a list of reconciliation processes more efficient. entries, implementing some cryptographic mechanisms that prevents • Security: Distributed records allow to verify transactions and stakeholders from being able to tamper its contents. This is achieved by collaboration on different nodes ensures their authenticity. storing data in blocks, which are summarized using a hash function and linked to each other (therefore the term “Blockchain”). Additionally, • Transparency: The identities of blockchain users can be Blockchain is often presented in a decentralized and distributed cryptographically protected, allowing the system to be completely implementation, which can be public. Therefore, it can be used as a transparent. digital ledger to record transactions across several (potentially many) • Accessibility: Can be implemented as a public platform, so any computers, so that these transactions cannot be altered, at least without authorized user can obtain a copy of the registry. needing to tamper all subsequent blocks (therefore, producing a In the public administration sector, the possibilities of blockchain massive alteration that could be easily detected). technology are enormous. Those responsible for public institutions Although initially engineered to support the development of a could ask the following question: How can you create a government cryptocurrency, throughout the last decade Blockchain has found its on the web that brings institutions closer to citizens? The Blockchain- way through many different fields of application, both inside and outside based public administration model would lead to a decentralized the financial world, where the need for immutability and security has government in which one could even think about the possibility that thrusted its deployment. Recently, several literature reviews have been the vote in an election was done electronically. But to get to this point, published describing some of these fields of application [2], [3], [4], it is necessary to implement a series of measures that will compel the [5], [6]. citizen to become part of that digital society. Additionally, with the introduction of the Ethereum Platform In the real estate field, the possibilities unveiled by the Blockchain in 2014 [7], the concept of “Smart contracts” arose, as a method of have also proven its usefulness by accelerating disruptive processes automatically enforcing the execution of the terms of a contract when and rethinking business models. How can a real estate developer use its conditions are fulfilled by transactions executed in the blockchain. this technology? Two concepts are the key to its implementation: With the integration of smart contracts, Blockchain technology has efficiency and elimination of unnecessary intermediaries. If we want to enabled companies to consolidate multiple repositories of customer sell a building to a foreign investor, the process is usually very opaque, and supplier information into a single data warehouse. Since it uses with many intermediaries, and we do not know the buyer until the algorithms to ensure that transactions are valid and authentic, it can last steps of the process. One opportunity is to tokenize assets (with a help improve processes involving multiple parties. Also, it contains token being a unit of value issued privately). Each home would then the complete history of all the transactions that have been carried out be a token that can be shown to investors so that they