Japonica Humboldtiana 12 (2008)
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The Otaku Phenomenon : Pop Culture, Fandom, and Religiosity in Contemporary Japan
University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 12-2017 The otaku phenomenon : pop culture, fandom, and religiosity in contemporary Japan. Kendra Nicole Sheehan University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Part of the Comparative Methodologies and Theories Commons, Japanese Studies Commons, and the Other Religion Commons Recommended Citation Sheehan, Kendra Nicole, "The otaku phenomenon : pop culture, fandom, and religiosity in contemporary Japan." (2017). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2850. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/2850 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE OTAKU PHENOMENON: POP CULTURE, FANDOM, AND RELIGIOSITY IN CONTEMPORARY JAPAN By Kendra Nicole Sheehan B.A., University of Louisville, 2010 M.A., University of Louisville, 2012 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Louisville in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Humanities Department of Humanities University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky December 2017 Copyright 2017 by Kendra Nicole Sheehan All rights reserved THE OTAKU PHENOMENON: POP CULTURE, FANDOM, AND RELIGIOSITY IN CONTEMPORARY JAPAN By Kendra Nicole Sheehan B.A., University of Louisville, 2010 M.A., University of Louisville, 2012 A Dissertation Approved on November 17, 2017 by the following Dissertation Committee: __________________________________ Dr. -
The Case of Sugawara No Michizane in the ''Nihongiryaku, Fuso Ryakki'' and the ''Gukansho''
Ideology and Historiography : The Case of Sugawara no Michizane in the ''Nihongiryaku, Fuso Ryakki'' and the ''Gukansho'' 著者 PLUTSCHOW Herbert 会議概要(会議名, Historiography and Japanese Consciousness of 開催地, 会期, 主催 Values and Norms, カリフォルニア大学 サンタ・ 者等) バーバラ校, カリフォルニア大学 ロサンゼルス校, 2001年1月 page range 133-145 year 2003-01-31 シリーズ 北米シンポジウム 2000 International Symposium in North America 2014 URL http://doi.org/10.15055/00001515 Ideology and Historiography: The Case of Sugawara no Michizane in the Nihongiryaku, Fusi Ryakki and the Gukanshd Herbert PLUTSCHOW University of California at Los Angeles To make victims into heroes is a Japanese cultural phenomenon intimately relat- ed to religion and society. It is as old as written history and survives into modem times. Victims appear as heroes in Buddhist, Shinto, and Shinto-Buddhist cults and in numer- ous works of Japanese literature, theater and the arts. In a number of articles I have pub- lished on this subject,' I tried to offer a religious interpretation, emphasizing the need to placate political victims in order to safeguard the state from their wrath. Unappeased political victims were believed to seek revenge by harming the living, causing natural calamities, provoking social discord, jeopardizing the national welfare. Beginning in the tenth century, such placation took on a national importance. Elsewhere I have tried to demonstrate that the cult of political victims forced political leaders to worship their for- mer enemies in a cult providing the religious legitimization, that is, the mainstay of their power.' The reason for this was, as I demonstrated, the attempt leaders made to control natural forces through the worship of spirits believed to influence them. -
Through the Case of Izumo Taishakyo Mission of Hawaii
The Japanese and Okinawan American Communities and Shintoism in Hawaii: Through the Case of Izumo Taishakyo Mission of Hawaii A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAIʽI AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN AMERICAN STUDIES MAY 2012 By Sawako Kinjo Thesis Committee: Dennis M. Ogawa, Chairperson Katsunori Yamazato Akemi Kikumura Yano Keywords: Japanese American Community, Shintoism in Hawaii, Izumo Taishayo Mission of Hawaii To My Parents, Sonoe and Yoshihiro Kinjo, and My Family in Okinawa and in Hawaii Acknowledgement First and foremost, I would like to express my deep and sincere gratitude to my committee chair, Professor Dennis M. Ogawa, whose guidance, patience, motivation, enthusiasm, and immense knowledge have provided a good basis for the present thesis. I also attribute the completion of my master’s thesis to his encouragement and understanding and without his thoughtful support, this thesis would not have been accomplished or written. I also wish to express my warm and cordial thanks to my committee members, Professor Katsunori Yamazato, an affiliate faculty from the University of the Ryukyus, and Dr. Akemi Kikumura Yano, an affiliate faculty and President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the Japanese American National Museum, for their encouragement, helpful reference, and insightful comments and questions. My sincere thanks also goes to the interviewees, Richard T. Miyao, Robert Nakasone, Vince A. Morikawa, Daniel Chinen, Joseph Peters, and Jikai Yamazato, for kindly offering me opportunities to interview with them. It is a pleasure to thank those who made this thesis possible. -
The Shôkyû Version of the Kitano Tenjin Engi Emaki: a Brief Introduction to Its Content and Function
Eras Edition 11, November 2009 – http://www.arts.monash.edu.au/publications/eras The Shôkyû version of the Kitano Tenjin engi emaki: A brief introduction to its content and function Sara L. Sumpter (University of Pittsburgh) Abstract: This article examines the political and social atmosphere surrounding the production of the thirteenth-century hand scroll Kitano Tenjin engi emaki (Illustrated Legends of the Kitano Shrine), which depicts the life, death and posthumous revenge of the ninth-century courtier Sugawara no Michizane. The article combines an analysis of the content and religious iconography of the scroll, a study of early Japanese beliefs in angry spirits of the dead, and a narration of the actual life of Michizane in an attempt to produce a sketch of the rituals and superstitions of Heian and early Kamakura period Japanese society, and to suggest possible functions of the hand scroll that complement them. The hand scroll sets collectively known as the Kitano Tenjin engi emaki (Illustrated Legends of the Kitano Shrine) each tell the story of the life and death of the ninth- century courtier and poet, Sugawara no Michizane (845–903), and of the posthumous revenge undertaken by his vengeful spirit (onryô). According to the scrolls, Michizane was falsely accused of treason by rivals at the Heian court who were jealous of his astronomical rise to power. He was exiled to Dazaifu on the island of Kyushu in 901 and died there two years later in despair. His spirit persisted in seeking retribution against his enemies and in reclaiming his position and honours. He is said to have stalked his numerous rivals in the form of the thunder god (raijin) before ultimately revealing to a frightened court, through a series of intermediaries, the means of his pacification: deification and worship at the Kitano Shrine in Kyoto.1 Today the Kitano Tenjin engi emaki (hereafter referred to as the Tenjin scrolls) number more than thirty extant examples, ranging in date from the early thirteenth century to the nineteenth century. -
Koto Walking Map in Your Hand! Swing Your Arms Rhythmically in Time with Your Feet
Koto City, a warm-hearted town with a passion for sports FAQs about Walking Let’s start walking to keep you healthy. Enjoy walking without injury, in a good posture, and healthily Why don’t you try getting healthy and enjoy sightseeing spots in Q What is the proper walking form? A ▶▶▶ Pull your chin in and Stay upright and Koto City at the same time? look straight ahead puff out your chest We have created attractive 14 courses with the cooperation of residents who routinely walk for exercise. Let’s walk Koto City with the Koto Walking Map in your hand! Swing your arms rhythmically in time with your feet Put your heel on the ground first Then walk with a heel stride Kick the ground of about 5 to 7 cm bigger than usual with the base of your big toe Q When is a good time to hydrate ourselves? A ▶▶▶ ■1 Get hydrated frequently before feeling thirsty, such as before, during and after walking. ■2 As for what you drink, water is basically OK. It is better if you can also get an adequate amount of minerals (such as salt). ■3 Beverages containing caffeine, which has a diuretic effect such as coffee or tea, are not suitable for hydrating. Good things about walking Walking Style Calorie consumption by walking Before/After Walking What are the benefits of walking? What are appropriate clothes for walking? How many calories are consumed? How should we warm up before walking? FAQs about Q Q Q Q ▶▶▶ ■1 Prevent lifestyle-related ▶▶▶ ■1 Shirts and pants that dry quickly and absorb ▶▶▶ ■1 10-minute walking= calorie ▶▶▶ ■1 Stretch to warm up your body gradually and Walking A A A A diseases moisture well. -
Ki No Tsurayuki a Poszukiwanie Tożsamości Kulturowej W Literaturze Japońskiej X Wieku
Title: Ki no Tsurayuki a poszukiwanie tożsamości kulturowej w literaturze japońskiej X wieku Author: Krzysztof Olszewski Citation style: Olszewski Krzysztof. (2003). Ki no Tsurayuki a poszukiwanie tożsamości kulturowej w literaturze japońskiej X wieku. Kraków : Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego Ki no Tsurayuki a poszukiwanie tożsamości kulturowej w literaturze japońskiej X wieku Literatura, język i kultura Japonii Krzysztof Olszewski Ki no Tsurayuki a poszukiwanie tożsamości kulturowej w literaturze japońskiej X wieku WYDAWNICTWO UNIWERSYTETU JAGIELLOŃSKIEGO Seria: Literatura, język i kultura Japonii Publikacja finansowana przez Komitet Badań Naukowych oraz ze środków Instytutu Filologii Orientalnej oraz Wydziału Filologicznego Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego RECENZENCI Romuald Huszcza Alfred M. Majewicz PROJEKT OKŁADKI Marcin Bruchnalski REDAKTOR Jerzy Hrycyk KOREKTOR Krystyna Dulińska © Copyright by Krzysztof Olszewski & Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego Wydanie I, Kraków 2003 All rights reserved ISBN 83-233-1660-0 Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego Dystrybucja: ul. Bydgoska 19 C, 30-056 Kraków Tel. (012) 638-77-83, 636-80-00 w. 2022, 2023, fax (012) 430-19-95 Tel. kom. 0604-414-568, e-mail: wydaw@if. uj. edu.pl http: //www.wuj. pl Konto: BPH PBK SA IV/O Kraków nr 10601389-320000478769 A MOTTO Księżyc, co mieszka w wodzie, Nabieram w dłonie Odbicie jego To jest, to niknie znowu - Świat, w którym przyszło mi żyć. Ki no Tsurayuki, testament poetycki' W świątyni w Iwai Będę się modlił za Ciebie I czekał całe wieki. Choć -
The Heian Court Poetry As World Literature from the Point of View of Early Italian Poetry the Heian Court Poetry As Poetry the Heian Court World Literature
FLORIENTALIA EDOARDO GERLINI GERLINI EDOARDO The Heian Court Poetry as World Literature From the Point of View of Early Italian Poetry The Heian Court Poetry as World Literature World The Heian Court Poetry as EDOARDO GERLINI FUP FIRENZE UNIVERSITY PRESS STRUMENTI PER LA DIDATTICA E LA RICERCA – 159 – FLORIENTALIA Asian Studies Series – University of Florence Scientific Committee Valentina Pedone, Coordinator, University of Florence Sagiyama Ikuko, Coordinator, University of Florence Alessandra Brezzi, University of Rome “La Sapienza” Marco Del Bene, University of Rome “La Sapienza” Paolo De Troia, University of Rome “La Sapienza” Fujiwara Katsumi, University of Tokyo Guo Xi, Jinan University Hyodo Hiromi, Gakushuin University Tokyo Federico Masini, University of Rome “La Sapienza” Nagashima Hiroaki, University of Tokyo Chiara Romagnoli, Roma Tre University Bonaventura Ruperti, University of Venice “Ca’ Foscari” Luca Stirpe, University of Chieti-Pescara “Gabriele d’Annunzio” Tada Kazuomi, University of Tokyo Massimiliano Tomasi, Western Washington University Xu Daming, University of Macau Yan Xiaopeng, Wenzhou University Zhang Xiong, Peking University Zhou Yongming, University of Wisconsin-Madison Published Titles Valentina Pedone, A Journey to the West. Observations on the Chinese Migration to Italy Edoardo Gerlini, The Heian Court Poetry as World Literature. From the Point of View of Early Italian Poetry Ikuko Sagiyama, Valentina Pedone (edited by), Perspectives on East Asia Edoardo Gerlini The Heian Court Poetry as World Literature -
Powerful Warriors and Influential Clergy Interaction and Conflict Between the Kamakura Bakufu and Religious Institutions
UNIVERSITY OF HAWAllllBRARI Powerful Warriors and Influential Clergy Interaction and Conflict between the Kamakura Bakufu and Religious Institutions A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HISTORY MAY 2003 By Roy Ron Dissertation Committee: H. Paul Varley, Chairperson George J. Tanabe, Jr. Edward Davis Sharon A. Minichiello Robert Huey ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Writing a doctoral dissertation is quite an endeavor. What makes this endeavor possible is advice and support we get from teachers, friends, and family. The five members of my doctoral committee deserve many thanks for their patience and support. Special thanks go to Professor George Tanabe for stimulating discussions on Kamakura Buddhism, and at times, on human nature. But as every doctoral candidate knows, it is the doctoral advisor who is most influential. In that respect, I was truly fortunate to have Professor Paul Varley as my advisor. His sharp scholarly criticism was wonderfully balanced by his kindness and continuous support. I can only wish others have such an advisor. Professors Fred Notehelfer and Will Bodiford at UCLA, and Jeffrey Mass at Stanford, greatly influenced my development as a scholar. Professor Mass, who first introduced me to the complex world of medieval documents and Kamakura institutions, continued to encourage me until shortly before his untimely death. I would like to extend my deepest gratitude to them. In Japan, I would like to extend my appreciation and gratitude to Professors Imai Masaharu and Hayashi Yuzuru for their time, patience, and most valuable guidance. -
Of Mice and Maidens: Ideologies of Interspecies Romance in Late Medieval and Early Modern Japan
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2014 Of Mice and Maidens: Ideologies of Interspecies Romance in Late Medieval and Early Modern Japan Laura Nuffer University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Asian Studies Commons, and the Medieval Studies Commons Recommended Citation Nuffer, Laura, "Of Mice and Maidens: Ideologies of Interspecies Romance in Late Medieval and Early Modern Japan" (2014). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 1389. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1389 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1389 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Of Mice and Maidens: Ideologies of Interspecies Romance in Late Medieval and Early Modern Japan Abstract Interspecies marriage (irui kon'in) has long been a central theme in Japanese literature and folklore. Frequently dismissed as fairytales, stories of interspecies marriage illuminate contemporaneous conceptions of the animal-human boundary and the anxieties surrounding it. This dissertation contributes to the emerging field of animal studies yb examining otogizoshi (Muromachi/early Edo illustrated narrative fiction) concerning elationshipsr between human women and male mice. The earliest of these is Nezumi no soshi ("The Tale of the Mouse"), a fifteenth century ko-e ("small scroll") attributed to court painter Tosa Mitsunobu. Nezumi no soshi was followed roughly a century later by a group of tales collectively named after their protagonist, the mouse Gon no Kami. Unlike Nezumi no soshi, which focuses on the grief of the woman who has unwittingly married a mouse, the Gon no Kami tales contain pronounced comic elements and devote attention to the mouse-groom's perspective. -
The Moon Bear As a Symbol of Yama Its Significance in the Folklore of Upland Hunting in Japan
Catherine Knight Independent Scholar The Moon Bear as a Symbol of Yama Its Significance in the Folklore of Upland Hunting in Japan The Asiatic black bear, or “moon bear,” has inhabited Japan since pre- historic times, and is the largest animal to have roamed Honshū, Shikoku, and Kyūshū since mega-fauna became extinct on the Japanese archipelago after the last glacial period. Even so, it features only rarely in the folklore, literature, and arts of Japan’s mainstream culture. Its relative invisibility in the dominant lowland agrarian-based culture of Japan contrasts markedly with its cultural significance in many upland regions where subsistence lifestyles based on hunting, gathering, and beliefs centered on the mountain deity (yama no kami) have persisted until recently. This article explores the significance of the bear in the upland regions of Japan, particularly as it is manifested in the folklore of communities centered on hunting, such as those of the matagi, and attempts to explain why the bear, and folklore focused on the bear, is largely ignored in mainstream Japanese culture. keywords: Tsukinowaguma—moon bear—matagi hunters—yama no kami—upland communities—folklore Asian Ethnology Volume 67, Number 1 • 2008, 79–101 © Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture nimals are common motifs in Japanese folklore and folk religion. Of the Amammals, there is a wealth of folklore concerning the fox, raccoon dog (tanuki), and wolf, for example. The fox is regarded as sacred, and is inextricably associated with inari, originally one of the deities of cereals and a central deity in Japanese folk religion. It has therefore become closely connected with rice agri- culture and thus is an animal symbol central to Japan’s agrarian culture. -
La Risposta Religiosa Ai Disastri in Giappone
Corso di Laurea magistrale in Lingue e civiltà dell'Asia e dell'Africa mediterranea Tesi di Laurea La risposta religiosa ai disastri in Giappone Relatrice Ch.ma Prof.ssa Silvia Rivadossi Correlatore Ch. Prof. Giovanni Bulian Laureanda Caterina Pavan Matricola 847867 Anno Accademico 2019 / 2020 要旨 災害が発生する際、宗教思想はどう災害が起きた意味について応えるのだろうか。 今日の世俗化した日本の社会において、災害に対する宗教思想は必要であろうか。 本論文の目的は、その質問に答えてみることだ。そのため、平安時代から近代ま で、年代順に災害に対する日本の宗教思想を紹介する。 第一章では平安時代を中心に、死霊と災害との関係を巡る。まず、変死について 述べる。それは、不慮の死、他殺、または死後、葬儀ができないような状況の死の ことである。そして、平安時代に悪霊は災害の原因だったと考えられていたことを 説明する。 続いて、当時の御霊信仰を記述する。その時代、疫病に感染することは、怨霊の 仕業だと確信され、皇室と貴族が行ったその霊をなだめるための儀式、そして怨霊 に限らず災害の発生も支配できた彼らの力に関して話す。 第二章では災害と末法思想との関係についてである。平安時代末の危機を描き、 末法思想が拡大していく経緯に関して詳細に述べる。特に、当時発生した災害は末 法思想を後押ししたのではないかということが考えられる。そして、末法時代でも 悟りを開く方法を模索した鎌倉仏教、その中でも浄土真宗の宗祖、親鸞の教えを解 説する。 第三章は災害と「世直し」との関係を紹介する。江戸時代の後半を中心に、農業 の商業化と社会の変化に巡って書いてある。格差社会と飢饉が一揆の原因だったと 定義し、その時の「世直し」という宗教思想を含んだ一揆を紹介する。そして、 「世直し」を含んだ「ええじゃないか」を詳説する。また、江戸時代の弥勒信仰、 i 飢饉などの災害、「世直し」との関係を説明する。特に、富士講の弥勒信仰と「世 直し」を詳細に書く。最後に、新宗教での「世直し」の進化を述べる。 第四章は原爆と原発事故に対する宗教思想についてである。被爆者・被曝者は双 方差別されたにもかかわらず、宗教はそれに応えなかったと言える。その差別の原 因は「晴れ」と「汚れ」という思想に由来するのではないかと考えられる。また、 被爆者の差別を受け入れる土壌となる宗教思想の中で有名な永井隆の思想を紹介す る。 それから、原発事故後、仏教がどう人々を支えたかに関して述べる。仏教は被曝 者の差別について組織として非難はせず、僧侶個人やそれぞれの宗の活動に任せた。 一方、仏教組織は他の方法で被曝者を支援した。その中でも、被曝地で行われたス ピリチュアルケアという異宗教間のプロジェクトを紹介する。今後の現代社会でも 重要な役割を担い続けるために、宗教はそれぞれの時代や社会に応じて適応させる ことが求められる。スピリチュアルケアのような活動は将来の災害時に役に立つの ではないかと考えられる。 最後に、今日の日本の社会においても、災害時、宗教的な思想は人々を支援する ことができるのではないかと提案する。 ii Indice Introduzione ...................................................................................................................................... -
Creating Heresy: (Mis)Representation, Fabrication, and the Tachikawa-Ryū
Creating Heresy: (Mis)representation, Fabrication, and the Tachikawa-ryū Takuya Hino Submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2012 © 2012 Takuya Hino All rights reserved ABSTRACT Creating Heresy: (Mis)representation, Fabrication, and the Tachikawa-ryū Takuya Hino In this dissertation I provide a detailed analysis of the role played by the Tachikawa-ryū in the development of Japanese esoteric Buddhist doctrine during the medieval period (900-1200). In doing so, I seek to challenge currently held, inaccurate views of the role played by this tradition in the history of Japanese esoteric Buddhism and Japanese religion more generally. The Tachikawa-ryū, which has yet to receive sustained attention in English-language scholarship, began in the twelfth century and later came to be denounced as heretical by mainstream Buddhist institutions. The project will be divided into four sections: three of these will each focus on a different chronological stage in the development of the Tachikawa-ryū, while the introduction will address the portrayal of this tradition in twentieth-century scholarship. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Abbreviations……………………………………………………………………………...ii Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………………iii Dedication……………………………………………………………………………….………..vi Preface…………………………………………………………………………………………...vii Introduction………………………………………………………………………….…………….1 Chapter 1: Genealogy of a Divination Transmission……………………………………….……40 Chapter