Creadis3: Report on Territorial Diagnosis

CREADIS3: REPORT ON TERRITORIAL DIAGNOSIS. BASQUE COUNTRY

Regional Government of the Basque Country June 2018 2

INDEX

1. General Introduction...... 3

1.1. The Project...... 3

1.2. The Basque Government and The Project...... 5

2. Regional Contexts...... 7

2.1. Territory’s General Profile...... 7

2.2. Territory’s CCI Profile...... 9

3. CCI Sector Analysis: Evolution and Current Situation...... 13

3.1. Evolution...... 13

3.2. Current Situation...... 20

3.3. Creative Districts...... 23

4. CCIs Sector characterization...... 24

4.1. Stakeholders...... 24

4.2. Mapping 1- Competences...... 26

4.3. Mapping 2- Regional creative ecosystem...... 31

4.4. Good Practices...... 38

5. Swot Analysis of the CCI Sector...... 40

6. Conclusions...... 42

7. Aknowledgements...... 43

8. Bibliography...... 44 3

1/ GENERAL INTRODUCTION

1.1. The project

CREADIS3 Smart Specialisation Creative Districts is a collaborative project addressing the issue of innovation that drives territorial development through non-technological forms of innovation such as Cultural and Creative Industries (CCIs), under the Smart Specialisation strategy guidelines and reinforcing the territorial and regional ecosystems. It has been funded by the cooperation program INTERREG Europe (ESIF fundings). It is revolved around 2 priority subjects:

• To improve institutional governance.

• To strengthen the contribution of CCIs to regional development. participate inEUfundingprograms andto work under the“S3”guidance. platform which main objectives are to advocate on cultural and creative regional policies, to territorial strategies andinnovation. RICC provides regional governments withacommon opportunity to work and put in place a common project underlining the CCIs, the S3 and the Venezia Giulia,istheCREADIS3project promotor. The network detected theneedand Brussels delegations andco-chaired by theBasqueGovernment, Emilia-Romagna andFriuli The Regional Initiative for Culture and Creativity network (RICC), driven by 24 EU regional tion andeconomic development inEuropean regions. the development of more efficient CCIpoliciesinterritories aimingto generate innova The main objective of CREADIS3isto alignterritorial publicpolicy agendas to support 1,462,700 euros budget. The project started in January 2017, andwillendat theendof theyear 2021. It hasa experiences: It gathers sixEuropean partners, sharingbestpractices andlessonslearntfrom their local • • • • • • Emilia Romagna Region. The Regional Council of Central Finland. The Regional Government of theBasqueCountry. The Region of Western Greece. The Ministry of Culture of theSlovak Republic. Public Service of Wallonia. -

CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE General introduciton 4 for innovation anddevelopment intheregion. ment of culture andeconomic agendas are neededto make thebestof theCCIs potential Better governance to ensure coherence and synergies among theselevels and the aligne- and supportlocalinfrastructures (theatres, museums,incubators, etc). tax regulation. Citieshave competences oncultural and economic areas to promote events competences to implementtheregional policy through fundingprogrammes andcapacityfor has the capacity to leverage taxes to reinforce the sustainability of projects. Provinces have strategy and development of programs promoting I+D, innovation and internationalisation and competence onbudget, localandregional development, economic development and cultural Country because of the existence of a complex institutional framework. The Region has the main Under themultilingualcreative context, governance becomes more importantintheBasque exante processs concerning theEFSI founds. constantly updated, through theEUS3guidelinesandinnovation dimensionandthe are neededto successfully keep theconcept of “a smartspecialisation strategy” alive and approaches ableto combine different publicandprivate actors. These multilevel approaches of creativity, science, technology andinnovation, globaltrends are evolving into multi as nichesof opportunity. When itcomes to establishingeffective systems of governance Innovation Strategy (PCTIEuskadi 2020) hasalready identified CCIs, culture andcreativity Country Smart Specialisation Strategy, inlinewiththeBasqueCountry Research and economic growth withahighpotential for localandregional development. The Basque Culture, creativity andtheCCIs are recognised by theBasque Country asasource of the three institutionallevels withintheRegion Initiatives. ment andR&Iinitiatives, actionsandmeasures for thedevelopment of theCCIs, shared by activities: to implementacommon regional andterritorial strategy of economic develop- As a partner, the Basque Government set a central objective to pursue within the project’s mentioned territories. and hemanaged thedesignof theCREADIS3project incollaboration withthefive afore- The Autonomous Community of theBasqueCountry istheleadpartner of theconsortium, 1.2. The BasqueGovernment andtheproject level

CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE General introduciton 5 DOCUMENT HISTORY LISTOF AUTHORS OF THE BASQUE COUNTRY REGIONAL GOVERNMENT PARTNER 08/06/2018 15/01/2018 DATE VERSION 2 1 Itziar REDONDO Aintzane LARRABEITI Faust KANALAETXEBARRIA Sabin GOITIA Camila DEEPALZA Solène BORDENAVE Marina APARICIO Josean URDANGARIN AUTHORS Basque Government Basque Government EDITOR CHANGE STATUS Creation Draft

CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE General introduciton 6 7

2/ REGIONAL CONTEXTS

2.1. Territory’s general profile

The Basque Country, or Euskal Herria in Basque language, is a mountainous and costal cross- border region with a French and a Spanish part that share culture and language. Spanish and Basque are co-official languages in all territories of the Basque Autonomous Community (Euskadi). The Basque-speaking area is even wider than the administrative region, since it is also spoken in the French Basque Country, and to the east in the Navarra Region.

Thus, the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country is also labelled “Southern part” of the Basque Country. This governance level has an area of 7,234 km2, and is composed of three provinces (Álava, Bizkaia and Gipuzkoa) united into an Autonomous Community, represented by an elected government. It has broad competences, such as educacion, collection of taxes, police, public services, culture, etc, and a strong level of autonomy from the Spanish Central Government. per km It hasapopulation of 2,171,886 inhabitants(2016)andapopulation densityof 300inhabitants the sector stood at 11,803. number of women working inRDIstood at 6,414, whereas thenumber of menworking in higher education sector and1,150 inthepublicadministration sector. In terms of gender, the in theBasqueCountry is18,217 of whom13,087 are inthebusinesssector, 3,979 inthe people infull-time equivalent employment inRDI Data onscientific research and technological development show that the total number of logical level, 8.1% at alow technological level and2.8%were at ahightechnological level. were exports at amedium-hightechnological level, 36.8% were at amedium-low techno- cal content (CNAE-09) in2016,whichreached atotal value of 21,012,512,000 euros, 52.3% Foreign trade shows that of the total number of industrial products exported by technologi- of Spain, behindNavarra. the national one,andthe Autonomous Community witha lower percentage of unemployment of unemployment of 10.8% of the active population (first quarter of 2018), a lower rate than According to theEconomically Active Population Survey, theBasqueCountry hasapercentage country andinthe6thpositionterms of debt per inhabitant. € 4,681per capita,which makes itthe Autonomous Community withtheleastdebt inthe In 2017, itspublicdebt was 10,149 millioneuros, 14.1% of itsGDP anditsper capitadebt of to Bizkaia, 33.0% to Gipuzkoa andtheremaining 16.4%to Álava. 0.8% intheprimarysector. In relation to GDP distributionby province, 50.6% corresponded Country’s GDP originated intheservice sector, 23.9% inindustry, 6.1% inconstruction and pean Union and30%higher than Spain’s average in2016.In thisyear, 69.2% of theBasque capita (adjusted to purchasing power parity, PPP)being22%higher thanthat of theEuro- terms of per capita income (€31,805), with anominalgross domesticproduct (GDP) per The Basque Autonomous Community, withaGDP of €68,897m, ranks first in Spain in (R&D) initiatives are becoming very relevant, andthesameappliesto technology parks. but thesector suffered from the2010crisis. New technologies and research anddevelopment aeronautics andenergy). Traditionnaly, theregion hasbeenstrongly manufacturing-based, the region isbooming,andknown for itsimportantindustrialconcentrations (machinery, transformation after the1970’s crisis:diversification, market opening, etc. Since the1990’s, Basque Country isoneof thewealthiest regions inSpain andinEurope , thanksto itssuccessful metropolitan area . Of theten mostpopulouscities,sixform partof Bilbao’s conurbation. nities. Almost half of theinhabitantsof theBasque Autonomous Community lives inBilbao’s 2 , muchhigher thanthepopulation densityof Spain anditsother Autonomous Commu- (Research, Development andInnovation)

CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE Regional context 8 Institute, theBasqueCountry MEDIA Creative Europe Desk andtheBasqueGovernment dimension actions, initiatives and services are key actors, underlining the Etxepare the cultural cooperation. In theBasqueCountry, organizations whichmanage international and international institutions,CCIs organisations andnetworks, concerning theCCIs and the opencollaboration andcooperation withothers cities,regions, territories andEuropean the three BasqueCapitalsandtheCountry publicandprivate authorities underline In addition, the international and EU dimension are key factors, and the BasqueGovernment, recognized asCity of theDesignby theUNESCO. tal and Vitoria-Gasteiz was theEuropean Green Capitalin2012.In 2014,Bilbaowas also bastián, capital city of the Basque Gipuzkoa province, was the 2016 European Cultural Capi- three auditoriums, two symphony orchestras, private concert halls, etc. Donostia/SanSe- than 50publictheatres, around 30creative spaces for artistsandcreative entrepreneurs, bakalera, Azkuna Zentroa, Artium or theMuseum of Fine Arts of Bilbao;anetwork of more The cultural offer includesgreat references suchastheGuggenheim Bilbao Museum, Ta urban conurbation of Bilbaohostsaround onemillioninhabitants. around 2.2millioninhabitants,ithasacontrasted territorial configuration since theonly size butvery dynamicinterms of cultural andcreative vitality. With 251municipalitiesand The Autonomous Community of theBasqueCountry (CAE inSpanish) isasmallterritory in 2.2. Territory’s Main socio-economic andsocio-demographic data intheBasqueCountry (Eustat) TABLE 1 Unemployment rate (2018,first quarter) Number of Firms(2016) GDP per capita(2016) GDP (2016) Population density Population (2016) Surface area BASQUE COUNTRY. MAINSOCIO-ECONOMIC AND SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHICDATA CCI profile 2,171,886 inhabitants 300 inhabitants/Km2 € 68,897 mln 7,234 Km2 € 31,805 154.687 10.8% Basque -

CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE Regional context 9 Summary of CCI sector mainindicators TABLE 2 these sectors. employing 2.2peopleper company, mainlydueto theweight of theself-employment in the average offered by the total of the CCI sector (2.9); those of the creative field are below, Companies in the cultural field employ an average of 4.0 people per company, a point above Source: Directory of Economic Activities, EUSTAT. (2016) More than50%of employment isdistributed infour areas of activity: ployment intheCCI sector inrelation to thetotal of theCAEis5.3%. (25,263), compared to 44.3%whoperform creative activities(20,102). The weight of em- A total of 45,365peoplework intheCCI sector, 55.7% of themdedicated to cultural activities in relation to thetotal of theCAEreaches 10%. (6,286 companies) and59.3% creative (9,151 companies). The weight of theCCI companies In 2016,theCCI sector includesatotal of 15,437 companies, of which40.7% are cultural Overview of theCCIs sector: companies andjobs projects, andgive advices for theBasqueCCI sector andentities. public agencies andrepresentations abroad create anddetect opportunities,fundingsand Directorate). In linewiththeEU Agenda andPrograms andkey actionsandinitiatives, those Delegation to the UE (under the Basque Government External Affairs Services, Presidency number of companies % of CCI companiescompared to thetotal Total number of companies of theCCIs (all economicsectors) Total number of companies • • • • Architecture (8.7%). Creation: artisticandentertainment (9.6%). Libraries, archives, museumsandheritage (17.1%). Translation andlanguage training (23.6%). 154.687 2016 15.437 10,0% % CCI jobs compared to total jobs Total number of Jobs of theCCIs (all economicsectors) Total number of jobs 854.114 45.365 2016 5,3% 10 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE Regional context ment of theefficiency of the System of Science, Technologyand Innovation. ciety through aresearch andinnovation policy basedonsmartspecialisation andimprove- sion to improve welfare, sustainable economic growth and employment in the Basque so- Country includedin2014the Euskadi RIS3 Smart Specialisation Strategy, withthemis- The Companies andjobsby sector TABLE 3 Source: Directory of Economic Activities, EUSTAT. (2016) TOTAL CCIS TOTALCREATIVE AREA VIDEOGAMES FASHION DESIGN ACTIVITIES ADVERTISING ARQUITECTURE TRANSLATIONLANGUAGE AND TRAINING ACTIVITIES TOTALCULTURAL AREA AND SOUND, AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS MANUFACTURE OF SUPPORTS FOR IMAGE ACTIVITIES OF NEWS AGENCIES AUXILIARY SOUNDRECORDING AND MUSICEDITING AND OTHER PUBLISHING ACTIVITIES PUBLISHING OF BOOKS, NEWSPAPERS CULTURAL EDUCATION PHOTOGRAPHY ACTIVITIES AND MUSICPUBLISHING ACTIVITIES MOTION PICTURE, VIDEO, RADIO, TELEVISION HERITAGEMUSEUMS AND ACTIVITIES OF LIBRARIES, ARCHIVES, OF RECORDED MEDIA GRAPHIC ARTSREPRODUCTION AND TRADE OF CULTURAL PRODUCTS CREATION, ARTISTICENTERTAINMENT AND ACTIVITIES Plan for Science, Technology and Innovation (PCTI Euskadi 2020) of theBasque

15,437 6,286 1.892 3,631 Nº 3,195 1.021 9,151 1,112 605 405 296 566 653 556 776 517 93 97 18 4 COMPANIES 100.0% 40.7% 59.3% 23.5% 20.7% 12.3% 0.0% 0.6% 0.6% 6.6% 2.6% 3.6% 5.0% 4.2% 3.9% 3.3% 3.7% 7.2% 1.9% 0.1% % 45,365 25,263 20,102 10,720 3,009 3,309 3,030 3,945 2,493 4,357 1,638 1,203 7.749 Nº 1,818 200 777 913 121 12 71 JOBS 100.0% 44.3% 23.6% 55.7% 0.0% 6.6% 4.0% 2.0% 0.4% 0.3% 0.2% 3.6% 9.6% 5.5% 8.7% 6.7% 17.1% 2.7% 7.3% 1.7% %

CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE Regional context 11 Euskadi RIS3strategy alsodefines 4nichesor areas of opportunity : Euskadi RIS3strategy defines 3smartspecialization priorities: • • • • • • • Biosciences. Energy. Advanced manufacturing. Environmental Ecosystems. Urban Habitat. Creative andCultural Industries. Food. 12 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE Regional context 13

3/ CCI SECTOR ANALYSIS: EVOLUTION AND CURRENT SITUATION

3.1. Evolution

Regarding the sector of the CCIs, the conceptual development as well as the first programs intended to all the Cultural and Creative Industries are very recent and appeared during the last decade in particular.

Culture and cultural industries have played an important role in the context of the development of the Statute of Autonomy of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country. To address the evolution of cultural policies in Euskadi, you can consult the periodization established by Zallo (2012), and its assessment in Martinez de Albeniz (2012). Zallo distinguishes three stages: seen asanopportunityfor theterritory. such at thelevel of theBasqueGovernment, withthedevelopment of RIS3inwhichCCIs are at localandterritorial levels. Duringthe2014-2018 period,CCI policieswere developed as Since 2010, incipientmeasures have beendeveloped inthesector of creative industries,both one of theaxes of centrality andidentity of the country. focused onthespecialization inculture of theBasqueCountry, tryingto turnculture into The maingoal of thedifferent cultural plans,developed especiallyinthethird stage, has 3. 2. 1. And athird oneof planningandgovernance of culture (2002-2011). A second of proper institutionalization (1988-2001). (1979-1987). A first one of normalization andputtingin value of apoliticallypersecuted culture 14 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector analysis: evolution and current situation CCIs evolution TABLE 4 viding abetter understanding of theevolution of thesector anditscurrent situation. The following table lists some important milestones for the CCIs in Euskadi and aims at pro- 1990’S – TODAY1990’S 1979 DATE and contribute value to thetomorrow organizations andprofessionals. EIKEN +isconstituted asatrustforum basedinthecooperation, inorder to face thefuture’s challenges inthisMetasector create andbroadcast contents related withtheCultural andCreative Industries. EIKEN +Cluster, isanon-profit, sectoral businessassociation.Itsmembers are firmsbasedintheBasque Countrywhich distribution andbroadcasting, includingtheuseof new technologies to applyinboth traditional anddigitalmedia. Actually, and services for theaudio-visual sector. Itsmembers cover theentire audio-visual value chain,from content creation to In itsbeginning,EIKENgathers major companies basedintheBasque Country that create andbroadcast contents, products EIKEN –Basque Audio-visual Cluster information andknowledge society. in fostering thedevelopment of theelectronics, information andtelecommunications sector andthusgive aboostto the Established in 1983 as a private professional association, currently GAIA has over 260 members: companies interested Information Technology Cluster Association of theBasqueCountry: GAIA The mainClusters related to CCIs are: in prestigious universities suchasHarvard. achieve thisgoal isthecluster project considered to bealeadingglobalmodel,whoseexcellent results are afocus of study veness anddeveloped bondsbetween research oninnovative technology andBasqueindustries. Among theinitiatives to Pioneer intheimplementationof measures for building,theBasqueCountry set thegoal of increasing businesscompetiti- ration andbacked by publicagencies anduniversities. The BasqueCountry boostsanimportantnetwork of clusters aimedatimproving businesscompetitiveness through coope- with theterritory. instrument of great utilityingivingcohesion to thecomplexity of productive activities and facilitating their relationship Since the1990s,applicationof cluster policieshasfacilitated thestrengthening of theBasqueindustries,ananalytical nine primaryclusters. program, theBasqueGovernment financed working groups formed by companies andinstitutions corresponding to the Basque Government establishedtheCompetitiveness Program intheFramework of IndustrialPolicy 1991-1995. Inthis of theprocess andwas promoter of thefinallyselected clusters. Following the recommendations of thisstudy, in1991,the grouped into clusters to helpthemimprove their competitiveness. The BasqueGovernment assumedthedynamizingrole to Michael Porter inwhichthey identifiedalist of 50sectors capable of competing in world markets. These sectors were sustainable At theendof the1980s,BasqueCountry lived inacontext of economic recession. Itwas necessary to startasearch for Clusters system powers for theprovincial councils. abolition of theFueros. This visionof theterritory’s historical legalstatusgives itaspecialterritorial organization, withgreat financing procedure (only equivalent to that of Navarra) based onan update of the economic concerts establishedafter the historical legal status, recognized in the Spanish Constitution. From this assumption, the Basque Country obtains a special transferred -or thatcanbetransferred, since theprocess hasnot yet beencompleted -butBasqueautonomy isbasedon What makes theStatute of Autonomy of theBasqueCountry different from the others isnot thenumber of competences autonomous community withintheSpanish state. norm by whichtheBasqueCountry, inexpression of itsnationality, acceded to itsself-government, constituting itself asan The Statute of Autonomy of theBasque Country (Organic Law 3/1979), known astheStatute of Gernika, istheinstitutional Approval of theStatute of Autonomy of theBasqueCountry FACTS &FIGURES competitive advantages inaninternational context. Thus, theBasqueadministrations commissioned areport 15 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector analysis: evolution and current situation 21/09/2004 2002 2002 2000 19/10/1997 DATE (2009-2012) andKultura Auzolanean (2013-). The BasqueCulture Planhasbeenextended untiltoday withtwo successive planscalledtheCitizen Contract for Cultures lopment of professional sector associations. the decisionsof thesocialor private agents. From itsconstitution to thepresent, itisacommon modelbasedonthedeve- rationalize resources or generate synergies without,of course, invading theinstitutions’ competencies or interfering with It isalsoacommitment to develop thesebroad linesthrough someshared institutionsthatseekto coordinate actions, vement thathasbeenthefruitof collective work. vision, thecriteria of actionandtheprioritiesfor theBasqueculture asawhole. A tool for consensus andcontinuous impro- It istheinstrumentthataimsto reflect theagreement between thedifferent publicandprivate agents onthestrategic The BasqueGovernment approves the BasquePlanfor Culture (BPC) art scene. of the cultural fabric of Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava and the Basque Country and is one of the fundamental assets of the national model throughout Europe), anditswidely- acclaimed documentationcenter, theCentre-Museum forms anessentialpart With the Artium Collection, itsprogram of exhibitions andactivities,itseducationalproject (which hasbecome areference the new museumandthefollowing year itopeneditsdoors to thepublic. cultural heritage andto promote thenowadays creation. InFebruary, 2001,the ARTIUM Foundation was set upto manage As amuseumandcultural activitiescenter, Artium isareference modelfor thework itcarriesonboth to safeguard the Opening of ARTIUM, in Vitoria-Gasteiz section of studiesof restoration, infront of other 300projects of 19countries. It isthefirst timethata Spanish project has won afirst-class prize. Theoldcathedral of Vitoria-Gasteiz obtained itinthe and architectural investigations carriedoutinthetemple. cation of anintegral system of rehabilitation, whichiscompleted withthetourist andcultural diffusion of thearchaeological important European award interms of conservation andimprovement of cultural heritage. Itistherecognition of theappli- The restoration of theGothic cathedral of “SantaMaría” of Vitoria-Gasteiz received theEuropa Nostra prize, themost The restoration of theCathedral of Vitoria-Gasteiz receives theEuropa Nostra 2002 prize • • • setting. Itsmostimmediate objective isto enhance co-ordination inthree different directions: mission isthepromotion of collaboration andthestructuringof aBasquecultural space withinanincreasingly globalised Structured around theaimto serve asthemeeting pointfor thepublicandprivate agents of Basqueculture. Itscentral Creation of theBasqueCouncil onCulture and hascontributed to theurban,economic, andsocialregeneration of thecityof Bilbaoanditssurroundings. decades after itsopening,theMuseum isareality thathasexceeded themostambitious artistic andcultural expectations, tion signedtheDevelopment andProgramming Services Agreement for theGuggenheim Museum Bilbao.More thantwo In December of 1991,theBasqueGovernment, theProvincial Council of Bizkaia, andtheSolomonR.Guggenheim Founda Opening of theGuggenheim BilbaoMuseum FACTS &FIGURES Co-ordination withthesocialagents of thedifferent cultural sectors. private institutionsof Navarra andtheFrench BasqueCountry; and,finally. Horizontal co-ordination withtheinstitutionalbureaux mostinvolved incultural activityandalsowiththepublic (Basque Autonomous Government, Provincial Councils andLocal Councils). Vertical co-ordination among thebodies of thethree institutional levels withresponsibility in thearea of culture - 16 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector analysis: evolution and current situation DATE 2010 2010 2010 2009 2008 2007-TODAY FACTS &FIGURES as anopen,cultural andknowledgeable city. leisure andsportsactivities. With aclear vote for innovation andtechnology, itserves asbackupfor thestrategy of Bilbao a centre for leisure andculture. Itisamunicipalentity dedicated to programming, organizing andmanaging art,culture, The Azkuna Zentroa, formerly Alhóndiga Bilbao,isanoldwinewarehouse located inthetown of Bilbao,converted into Opening of Azkuna Zentroa inBilbao and strengthening of theartisticcommunity. tural contents, theappearance of new artisticmodeswithitsown singularityand,ingeneral, thesubsequent enrichment promote the emergence of new talents and creative practices that allow the renovation of the creation structures of cul- It isaspecificline of stimulation of innovation, both inthepurely artisticandinthemanagement of production, inorder to Start of the“Creation Factories” programme of theBasqueGovernment the phasesof maturation of theideaandstart-up of thecompany. Financial support for new business projects of an innovative industrial nature or related services, supervised by a BIC, for projects supervisedthrough theBusinessandInnovation Centres (BIC). Agreement to approve theregulations thatwillgovern the“Ekintzaile” program, measures to supportentrepreneurs for Implementation of the“Ekintzaile” program of theSociety for thePromotion andIndustrial Reconversion (SPRI). of work. tion thatthissector isinfullgrowth phase,withaspecific weight inGDP andwiththecapacity to generate new positions In 2010theelaboration of theIPlanfor theDevelopment of theCreative Economy (2011-2013) culminated intheconvic 2009 hecarriedoutastudyonthepotential of thecreative industriesinBilbao. carries outcontinuous work for sectors of opportunitythatallow thedevelopment of themunicipality. Inthiscontext, in instrument to improve theemployability of peopleandsupportcommercial and businessactivity inthemunicipality), Bilbao City Council, through Lan Ekintza-Bilbao (Local Development Agency created in1989by theCityCouncil asan Bilbao CityCouncil beginsto supportthecreative economy of thecity 2008-2011 incorporated several actionsrelated to culture, for thefirst time. The 2ndEuskadi PlanintheInformation Society of theDepartmentof Industryof theBasqueGovernment for theperiod Opening of spacesinindustrialpolicy appliedto culture sectoral strategic plansandstate-of-the-art studies”. follow-up system to monitor thesituationandevolution of culture intheBasque Autonomous Community andto develop The creation of theBCO was defined asapriorityactionlinewithinaxis2 of theBPC:“To establishaninformation and part of theDirection for thePromotion of Culture of theBasqueGovernment. documentation and research in the field of culture in theBasque Autonomous Community (BAC). It was formed asaffiliate The BasqueCultural Observatory-Kulturaren Euskal Behatokia (BCO-KEB) was created in2007 asacentre of information, Creation of theBasqueCultural Observatory - 17 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector analysis: evolution and current situation DATE 2013 2012 –2013 2011 –2012 2011 FACTS &FIGURES and cohesive economics. The work inthefield of innovation includesthesectors of new economics, knowledge economics, creative economics, the localclustering model, andsupportingthebusinesssector throughout thistransformation. the city’s socio-economic transformation, promoting thedevelopment of emerging sectors through theconsolidation of It istoday the Town Hall instrumentfor sustainableeconomic development of SanSebastian.Itisthedrivingforce behind taking into account the social,economic andtechnological aspectsof theterritory of SanSebastiananditssurroundings. Since its inception over ahundred years ago, theagency “Fomento deSan Sebastián” hasundergone atransformation, Fomento deSanSebastiándevelops astudyof thecreative industriesanddesignsasupportplan the public-private agents around theexperience”. (research) andthedevelopment of training spaces by competences (action), aswell astheir diffusion for the activation of competences withinGipuzkoa’s Cultural andCreative Industries(CCI) Sector, basedonthemappingof competences The general objective of Gipuzkoa Creativa consists in“developing apilot experience onthedevelopment of creative Leaning” Program. Development and Tourism of the Provincial Council of Gipuzkoa withinthe2012Callof the“Gipuzkoa as Territory for It´s aproject presented by Sinnergiak SocialInnovation UPV-EHU andapproved by theDepartment for Innovation, Rural “Gipuzkoa Creativa” Programme: Creative Competences andSocialInnovation ty. The focus sectors of theprogram are: industrialdesign,audiovisual, videogames,fashion andarchitecture. sector inBizkaia, givingitaninternational visibilityandthepotential to create new jobs linked to knowledge andcreativi- Creative Program aimsto supportnew projects of creative companies, existing or newly created, andto consolidate this velop aspecificprogram in2012,calledBizkaia Creative, for thepromotion of creative industries’activities. The Bizkaia Hence, theDepartmentof Economic Promotion of theProvincial Council of Bizkaia considered itwas necessary to de- their growth: new products andservices, new markets, innovation, internationalization… of innovative companies andthedevelopment of business projects of innovative character inexisting companies to boost purpose is to contribute to the growth of economic activity and the creation of employment, by supporting the creation BEAZ isaForal Society attachedto theDepartmentof Economic Promotion of theProvincial Council of Bizkaia, whose BEAZ and“Bizkaia Creativa” Programme In 2017, Navarra joinedtheEGTC. smart andinclusive growth, andto develop aeuroregional citizenship. To achieve itsobjectives, theEGTC hasthree priorities:to ensure asustainablemobilityarea, to achieve asustainable, development andcohesion, representing itsinterests atalocal,regional, nationalandinternational level. This EGTC hasbeenestablishedinorder to carryoutcommon actionsto strengthen theeconomic, socialandcultural significant place in Europe. the two regions andcontribute to thecreation of alarge space of relations, exchanges andcommon projects, having a personality, adopting theform of aEuropean Grouping of Territorial Cooperation inorder to deepencooperation between collaboration. This summitopenedtheprocess of constitution of the“Euroregion Aquitaine /Euskadi”, withitsown legal Aquitaine”, decidedinthe“Aquitaine-Euskadi Summit”heldinBordeaux, onNovember 30, 2009, to start anew stage of The two regions, the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country and the Aquitania region (now called“Nouvelle Constitution of theEuropean territorial cooperation group (EGTC) “Eurorregion Aquitaine-Euskadi” 18 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector analysis: evolution and current situation 2018 2017 2016 2016 2015 2014 DATE the BasqueCountry service. Basque Industry4.0. Moreover, itistheagency entrusted to attract andfacilitate foreign investments through itsInvest in locate industrialland,applynew technologies, innovate or carryoutthenecessary process of entering theNew Industry, In theSPRIGroup, Basquecompanies findthe tools to become more international andentrepreneurial, obtain financing, the different programs andservices thatused to be competencies of theBasqueGovernment. Development andInfrastructures) isto supportandpromote Basquecompanies, givingservices to thebusinessesthrough The goal of theBusinessDevelopment Agency of theBasqueGovernment (depending ontheDepartmentof Economic Reconversion of theSPRI (BusinessDevelopment Agency) FACTS &FIGURES tion linesof theDepartmentof Basque,Culture andSport intheframework of itscultural actionintheperiod2017-2020. The Provincial Council of Álava approved theStrategic Planof Culture of Álava, adocument thatincludesthepriorityac Álava approves theStrategic Planof Culture of Álava (2017-2020) of socialcapitalintheshared construction of society. basic role played by menandwomen, individuallyandcollectively, andto theengagement of citizens andtheinvolvement play the leading role in the search for solutions to new global challenges. Waves of Energy means a commitment to the changes inthe world. They provide thevitalcivicenergy thatmakes societies advance andprogress. Citizens, inshort, candidature inaclear message: peopleandmovements of citizens are thereal drivingforce behind transformations and Wroclaw under themoto “Coexistence”. The basicidea“Waves of energy” sumsupthe“soul” of the“SanSebastián2016” San Sebastianwas chosenastheEuropean Capitalof Culture 2016. This candidacy was shared withthePolish Cityof San Sebastián,European Capitalof Culture improve thesupplyof financing for thecultural andcreative industries. working capitalwithupto 15years of repayment period. Triodos BankandELKARGI willwork together to substantially The financialinstitutionmakes available to SMEsandself-employed members of ELKARGI loans for investment and in competitive conditions with the European ethical bank Triodos Bank to offer financing and endorsement to companies and cultural entrepreneurs Promoted by theBasqueGovernment, ELKARGI (First Reciprocal Guarantee Society of theState), signedanagreement New tool for accessingfinancing for culturalandcreative companies all itsphases(research, production, exhibition) aswell asto generate andshare knowledge. The mainobjective of Tabakalera’s cultural project isto promote contemporary cultural creation indifferent areas andin access to contemporary culture andcreation. it alsogenerates programming for different audiences andmakes available to the general public tools of approach and creation, to theexhibition. Inadditionto servingasaplace of supportfor theprofessionalization of artistsandcreators, duction center, andoffering apublic program of activities. These two axes cross allareas of the creation process from the Tabakalera isacentre of contemporary culture located inthecityof SanSebastiánwithadoublevocation: beingapro- Inauguration of “Tabakalera” inDonostia/San Sebastián and employment inEuskadi. The strategy iscarriedoutintwo phases:2014-2016 and2017-2020. egy RIS3,whichidentifiesareas of great added value for thecreation of new products andservices that generate growth The cultural andcreative industriesare oneof thefour territories of opportunityof theBasquesmartspecializationstrat with different levels of maturitylinked to the territory. sciences (where humanhealthisthemaincore of activity). They have alsoidentified four nichesor areas of opportunity, The BasqueGovernment defines 3smartspecializationpriorities related to advanced manufacturing, energy andbio- The strategic prioritiesof smartspecialization of Euskadi RIS3are established - - 19 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector analysis: evolution and current situation CCIs 15sectors TABLE 5 During 2016,the15RIS3CCI sectors inEuskadi were defined as follows: group to monitor theCCI policiesandprograms was perceived. rating thecultural andcreative industries,butby theendof 2016theclear needfor asingle strategies through amultilevel governance model.Initially, contacts were started by sepa Basque Autonomous Community, withtheaimof coordinating andaligningtheRIS3CCIs At theendof 2015,theRIS3 CCIs Pilot Group niches of opportunity. Priorities for the CCIsare: withinRIS3 search andInnovation Strategy (PCTI)hasalready identified CCIs, culture andcreativity as The 3.2. Current situation CREATIVE INDUSTRIES CULTURAL INDUSTRIES CCIS BASQUE COUNTRY SECTORS (15) • • • • Basque Country Smart Specialisation Strategy , inlinewiththeBasqueCountry Re- materials, languages technologies, digital platforms and services for content creation. Development of RDIprojects basedonvisualtechnologies/digital media,new/smart Innovation inbusiness. Technological transfer to thesesectors. manufacturing. Development on RDI projects incooperation with other RIS3areas e.g.advanced Audiovisual Edition andprintsector Craft sector Visual Arts Language Industries Cultural Heritage Music Scenic Arts Creative Gastronomy Publicity/Marketing Fashion sector Architecture Design Digital contents Videogames of Euskadi was set upat the level of the - 20 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector analysis: evolution and current situation 2017-2019Plan Action TABLE 6 implementation hadalready started in2017. 2017-2019 Action Planare describedbelow, aswell astheimpactof themeasures whose posed, coinciding withthe startof theEuropean project Creadis3. The main3linesof the time acomprehensive andagreed strategy for thecultural andcreative industrieswas pro- 2017 was astrategic year inthedevelopment of theRIS3CCIs Euskadi, since for thefirst dustries, andthegastronomy of creative value. This classification addedtwo importantsectors for theBasque Country: thelanguage in- 2017-2019). PROGRAM INNOVATION (CCI-S 2017-2019 PROGRAM BERRITZAILE” POLICY: “KSI TRANSVERSAL CCI-S SECTOR DATA OF GENERATION SYSTEMATIC CCI-STHE AND PERIMETER OF OF THE DELIMITATION NAME POLICY TARGETED SECTOR CCIs CCIs possible to improve thiscoordination from 2017to 2019. that itiscoordinated withtheother resources assignedfor the sector. Learning from eachexercise, ithasbeen KSI BERRITZAILEhasbeenincorporated into theexisting instruments of the various Basqueadministrations, so BITARTEZ) are beingevaluated. axes of theprogram (internationalization) and themodification of existing instruments (call for cultural innovation, sector. An increase inhighinterest projects isforeseen in2018-2019. Likewise, in 2018-2019 theopeningof new and associations,thatitishelpingto shape thesector aswell asnew ways of relation between agents inthe The results of thepilot program 2017show thatitisaviableprogram, withtheparticipationof about100companies ELKARGI for financialtraining through training inbasic concepts of Economic-Financial Management. *Axis 3:Financial Training. Directed to companies andassociations. CCIs entitiescancount onthesupportof for whichthey have thesupportof EUSKALIT. entities inthefield of CCIs sothatthey canbemore competitive, promoting theprofessionalization of thesector, axis focuses ontheinnovation of organizational modelsandtheimprovement of themanagement systems of the Axis 2:Innovation of Organizational Model andbusinessstructure. Directed to companies andassociations. This the mostglobalmarkets, andcreate synergies andnew opportunitiesfor opportunityandinnovative development. from Tecnalia and Vicomtech technology centers to CCIs to set upinnovative products andservices designedfor Axis 1:Innovation and Technology Transfer.Directed to companies. The focus isonpromoting technology transfer Euskadi, whichhasthree axes: KSI BERRITZAILEisaninnovation program of thecultural andcreative industries,aimedatthe15 CCI sectors of editions of theprogram. and thiswillberenewed in2019. By theendof 2019these3years of program willbeevaluated to guidethefuture project. After theevaluation of results, in2018itbecameasupportprogram for theCCI sectors towards innovation, of theBasqueadministrations inCCIs were collected. In2017, theKSIBERRITZAILEprogram was started asapilot The KSIBERRITZAILEprogram was borninrelation withthe1stmappingexercise of Creadis3, where theprograms within CREADIS3project, willbeupdated. In 2019, themappingcarried outin2017(data 2016)ontheexpenditure of theBasqueadministrations inCCIs 2020. The fieldwork willbe executed duringthesecond half of 2018. so thatwe willtryto gather dataonthemostdefined creative sectors by 2018 for the1sttime,andonall CCIs by change produced relies ontheobtention of fundingby theregional government for thisnew statisticaloperation, The strategic change proposed isto enablesystematic andcomparable information for alltheCCIs. The operational the sector of theCCIs to compare methodologies. Basque Cultural Observatory Culture hasorganized aseminar withinternational agents specialized inoperations in Cultural andCreative Industries’statistics,whichwillbeexecuted every 2years. The first semester of 2018,the of Creative Industriesisincorporated, andin2020both willbemerged into asingleoperation thatwillbecalled apart from thealready existing statisticaloperation directed to thecultural industries,anew statisticaloperation A statisticaloperation hasalsobeenprepared to define how to measure thesector ina systematic way. In2018, During 2017theperimeter of the15CCI sectors hasbeenconceptually defined, with representatives of thesectors. FEATURES MAIN STRATEGY ON-GOING √ √ 21 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector analysis: evolution and current situation GROUP. PILOTING RIS3 CCI-S MENTOF THE AND DEVELOP- MANAGEMENT NAME POLICY TARGETED SECTOR CCIs The CCIs piloting group in2017-2018 isexercising thefollowing functions(among others): The development of the RIS3 CCI piloting group as a tractor space for the CCIs in Euskadi is a key factor in the whole process. Related to theaforementioned compentencies, itisproposed to includethefollowing pointsinthepilot group of 2018-2019: and projects withstrategic priorityareas of RIS3are becoming more common. this perspective during the period 2018-2019. Greater cross-sectoral and inter- administrative knowledge is being achieved, tor thanthepreviously differentiated cultural andcreative sectors. Althoughwithapositive result itisnecessary to deepen The strategy of asinglepiloting group for the15CCI sectors during2017-2018 hasbeenuseful inconsolidating abroader sec • • • • • • • Euskadi asaEuropean Creative andCultural District:viability. Map of prioritiesof specializationby territories andCCI sectors inEuskadi, Coordinated initiatives of socializationanddisseminationof theCCIs, insideandoutsideEuskadi, Improvement of theinter /intra administrations andsectors coordination of theCCIs. Participation andmonitoring of theCREADIS3project. Participation andmonitoring of theperimeter process of theCCIs. Definition andmonitoring of common programs inthe CCI sector. FEATURES MAIN - STRATEGY ON-GOING √ 22 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector analysis: evolution and current situation Currently, thesituation isbeinganalyzed at two levels: cialisation Strategy. ment of culture andcreative industriesaswell asinnovation according to itsSmart Spe- tion across publicauthoritiesandindustrialstakeholders inorder to foster the develop- A Creative District,inthissense,isdefined asanecosystem that generates collabora the level of administrations andsectors, includinganactionplanat regional level. The Creadis3 project foresees inEuskadi thedevelopment of projects of creative districtsat RIS3 values) andefficient way andwill provide anincreased visibility tothe ICC strategy. the cooperation and governance among the 3institutionallevels inmore “smart” (under shared by thethree institutionallevels withintheRegion Initiatives. The aimisto reinforce development andRDIinitiatives, actions andmeasures for thedevelopment of theCCIs, The mainobjective isto implementacommon regional andterritorial strategy of economic 1/OT1: Strengthening research, technological development andinnovation. will beconsidered in2019, by theRIS3CCIs piloting group. After this feasibility analysis, the decision on the model to be developed from 2020-2021 gram 2014•2020/ País Vasco FEDER2014•2020, andespeciallyits1 The policy instrument to develop Creadis3 is theBasqueCountry ERDF Operational Pro - 3.3. Creative districts • • tissue, administrative tissue,progressivity, viabilityof aregional Creative Dimension 2:Current assets inEuskadi anditspossibledevelopment: associative starting situation, adaptability andcosts. Creadis 3partners andwithother experiences: comparability, modelsandnetworks, Dimension 1:Models of Creative Districts at aninternational level, both withthe st priority: District. - 23 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector analysis: evolution and current situation 24

4/ CCI-S SECTOR CHARACTERIZATION

4.1. Stakeholders

The Stakeholders of the Creadis3 project play a fundamental role in the development of the project, both at a strategic level (design and orientations) and at operational level. Follow- ing the selection criteria of stakeholders agreed between the project partners (Criteria for the selection of Stakeholders Methodological Guidance, march 2017), the territory’s stake- holder group consists of 15 organizations, broken down as follows: nodes, andtheinnovation STIs andtechnology centers. capitals, thethree provincial andregional authorities,as well asthe15sector facilitation This group includesallthecultural andeconomic development administrations of thethree Stakeholders, since inallitsmeetings itanalyzes thedevelopment of theCreadis3 project. The Euskadi RIS3CCI piloting group canbeconsidered astheextended group of Basque stakeholders have played anactive andoutstanding role. Both intheinternal meetings of theBasqueCountry and intheStudy Visits so far, the Skateholder group TABLE 7 THE BASQUE COUNTRY THE STI AGENTS OF INFRAESTRUCTURES CCI-SCULTURAL AND ASSOCIATIONS/CLUSTERS STAKEHOLDERS OF SECTORAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS TECNALIA – Technological corporation INNOBASQUE –Basque agency of Innovation Azkuna Zentroa –Culture center Tabakalera -International Centre for Contemporary Culture EIDE – Association of BasqueDesigners EHMBE- Music Office of theBasque Country GAIA - Association of Electronic andInformation Technologies in theBasqueCountry EIKEN-Basque Audiovisual &DigitalContent Economic Development Municipality of Vittoria-Gasteiz –Departmentof Employment andSustainable Provincial Government of Araba –Economic Development Department Fomento deSanSebastián/Donostiako Sustapena municipalcompany Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa- Economic Development Department Bilbao Ekintzamunicipalentity BEAZ -Provincial Government of Bizkaia Economic Development andInfrastructure Departmentof theBasqueGovernment 25 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector characterization Mapping 1-Competences: methodological approach TABLE 8 In theBasquecasemethodological approach could besynthetized asfollows: were underlined,aswell asthetimescope (2015or 2016). Also, theavailability of information andtheviabilityof access to thesources of information Three main questionsto answer: Mapping Preparation”. In theseguidelinesbasicconcepts for mappingswere defined: the Kick-off meeting in March 2017andincludedinthedocumententitled“Guide for For theelaboration of mappings1and2,themethodological guidelineswere agreed during 4.2. Mapping 1-Competences IN THE STUDY (15): CCI-S SECTORS INCLUDED ANALYSED INFORMATION TIMESCOPE DEPARTMENTS INVOLVED FIELD OF SURVEY OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY • • How to choosethesectors uponwhicheachpartner willcarryouttheMapping? How to identifywhat administration levels they willincludeintheMapping? COVERED WITHIN THE TERRITORY SECTORS NOT Video Games. Printed Media, Gastronomy,Language Industries,Fashion, Music, Cultural Heritage, Advertising andMarketing, Architecture, Performing Arts, Visual Arts, Craftsmanship, Audiovisual, DigitalContents, Design,Publishing and (152) inwhichcompanies andorganisations inthefield of CCIs are beneficiaries. Nominative subsidies (436) devoted to theCCIs from the2016budgets; 2016aidor competitive programmes 2016 Culture, BasqueLanguage, Education, Economic Promotion the Autonomous Community of theBasqueCountry. Basque Government, thethree Regional Governments andthethree CityCouncils of thecapitalsof The identification of publicbodiesthatparticipate incultural andcreative policiesatdifferent administrative levels. SECTORS IN WHICH IN SECTORS INSTITUTIONS IS OF SEVERAL THE ACTION PROJECTED SECTORSIN WHICH ADMINISTRATION SEVERAL AREAS ARE INVOLVED OF THE SAMEOF THE 26 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector characterization Pagina 13 Pagina 27 Amount allocated through subsidiesto CCIs TABLE 9 aid programs: 155millioneuros compared to 47 millioneuros. cated by meansof nominative subsidiesissignificantlyhigher thanthat allocated through allocated atotal of 202 millioneuros to theCultural andCreative sector. The amountallo- 1. In 2016,thepublicadministrations of the Autonomous Community of theBasqueCountry General conclusions Source: Total Aid programmes Nominative subsidies TYPE OF AID ORSUBSIDY

Siadeco 76.6 % 23.3 % Aid Programmes Nominative subsidies ( 47,146,014) ( 154, AMOUNT (€) 201,919,504 154,773,490 47,146,014 773, 490) 27 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector characterization Visual Arts or Performing Arts (sectors whichare more linked to cultural activity). through the departments of culture of the different entities, as is the case of Cultural Heritage, Media, Language Industries andMusic. There are sectors that are financed almost exclusively entities ismore varied thaninothers, as itisthecaseof Audiovisuals, Publishing andPrinted 3. In thefinancing of some CCI sectors, theparticipation of different areas or departments of Basque Country in2016were thefollowing: The CCI sectors with the lowest financial cover inthe Autonomous Community of the belong to thesefour sectors: 2. The companies or beneficiary entities of 8 out of 10 euros allocated to the CCIs in 2016

e. a. h. g. f. d. c. b.

Craftsmanship. Cultural Heritage. Video Games. Multi-sectoral category. Fashion. Music. Architecture. Performing Arts. 28 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector characterization

2. 1. Specific analysis conclusions of competitive programmes Distribution of subsidiesby CCI sector (%) TABLE 10 Publishing andPrinted Media Advertising andMarketing euros each. and Marketing, andFashion. In 2016,thesesectors received between 0.2 and0.5 million The sectors withlessfinancial cover were VideoGames,Craftsmanship, Advertising petitive programs. Arts sector with5.6millioneuros and42 programs Specific analysis conclusions of com- Media sector withalmost7millioneuros and27programs, and,then,the Performing tor, withalmost8millioneuros and36programs; after that, thePublishing andPrinted allocated to thissector through 32programs. It isfollowed by theDigitalContent sec subsidized through aidprograms istheMusic sector: in2016,11.3millioneuros were tors to whichmore resources are allocated through theaidprograms. The sector most Music, DigitalContent, Publishing andPrinted Media andPerforming Arts are thesec Language Industries Cultural Heritage Performing Arts Digital Content Craftsmanship Multi-Sectoral Video Games Architecture Gastronomy Audiovisual Visual Arts Fashion Design Music 0.2 (305,417) 0.2 (337,164) 0.3 (541,853) 0.3 (527,716) 0.6 (1,159,398) 0.6 (1,268,478) 1.1 (2,121,070) 1.1 (2,282,596) 1.6 (3,320,949) 4.4 (8,853,483) 5.0 (10,153,941) 5.7 (11,521,533) 10.9 (22,064,349) 20.8 (41,930,635) 23.0 (46,418,265) 24.3 (49,112,661) - - 29 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector characterization 10. Amount andnumber of aidprogrammes, by tipeof entity TABLE 11 15. 5 . 000. 000. 000.

000 000 000 0 11, 281, 32

MUSIC 185 N Euros umber 7 , 953, 36 of

DIGITAL 941 pro CONTENT gra 6 mmes , 944, PUBLISHING AND 27 PRINTED MEDIA 917 5 , 607, PERFORMING 42 ARTS 823 4 , 695,

CULTURAL 34 HERITAGE 880 4 , 462, 38

AUDIOVISUAL 078 2 , 096, 23 DESIGN 070 1 , 061, 19

VISUAL ARTS 251 861, 13 -

LANGUAGE 529 INDUSTRIES 527, 10

FASHION 716 451, 18 ARCHITECTURE 853 346, 17

GASTRONOMY 904 314, 664 CRAFTSMANSHIP 6 305,

6 VIDEO GAMES 417 234, 9 ADVERTISING AND 788 MARKETING 4 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 5 0

30 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector characterization regional ecosystem around theCCIs, including: tem of the Autonomous Community of theBasqueCountry, that is,to identifytheexisting The objective of thissecond mappingwas the identification of the regional creative ecosys- In theBasquecasemethodological approach for mapping2was thefollowing: Value chain TABLE 12 following schemeof thevalue chain: elaborate thissecond mappingof theBasqueregional creative ecosystem, we startfrom the Preparation”. In theseguidelinesbasicconcepts for mappingswere defined. In order to Kick-off meeting in March 2017 and included inthe documententitled“Guide for Mapping Concerning thesecond mapping,methodological guidelineswere alsoagreed duringthe 4.3. Mapping 2- Regional creative ecosystem OBJECTIVE: CCIS COMPETETIVENESS ENHACEMENT AND EXPORT CAPACITY REINFORCING ACTIONS Financing Growth Innovation Entrepreneurship Creation development Competence • • • grams for backing theinternationalization of smalland medium-sized companies, etc.). Services provided (skillsdevelopment, creation of businessmanagement skills,pro- ters, incubators, etc.). Interested partiesinvolved (universities, creative andtechnological centers, clus - Policies andsupporttools. Access to private financinginstruments Access to publicfinancinginstruments Programs of internation disseminationof creation andcreators Acceleration program Supporting programs for innovation inproducts, services or markets Supporting programs for RDI Supporting programs for thecreation of innovation-based companies Incubation infrastructure Programs to promete creation andcreators Creation infrastructures Access to financing Creation Internationalisation programs Advance incubationmodel Management Tecnological andDigital 31 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector characterization 15 CCIs sectors reclassified in2groups TABLE 13 analyzed sectors, reclassified in2groups. Talking aboutthethematic, thestudyfocused ontheresults of thesecond analysis level: 15 In order to reach thisobjective, thisstudyundertakes adoubleanalysis: Source Siadeco, 2017 Heritage Music Language Industries Publishing andprinted media Audiovisual Craftsmanship Visual arts Performing arts CULTURAL INDUSTRIES • • cluded inthemethodological report of theprogram Creadis3. made to classify eachaidprogram inatypeof reinforcement actionof thosein- the characteristics andobjectives of thoseaidprograms, andanattempt hasbeen been considered. Starting outfrom thisinformation, analyses have beenmadeof public administrations of the Autonomous Community of theBasqueCountry have However, inthissecond mapping,onlytheaidor competition programs of themain of thesupportmeasures andtools allocated to eachtypeof reinforcement action. forcement actionvalue chain.It isaquantitative analysis whichallows identification carried outby theadministrations identifiedin Mapping 1 inlevels of a CCI rein- On theother hand,thesecond analysis isbasedontheclassification of theactions promote willbequalitatively analyzed. who carry out CCI support measures will be identified and the type of tools they On theonehand,agents who make uptheCCI regional ecosystem (stakeholders) Video Games Advertising andmarketing Fashion Gastronomy Design Digital Content Architecture CREATIVE INDUSTRIES 32 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector characterization Amount through nominative aidprogrammes allocated to theCCIs, by sector TABLE 14 Source Siadeco, 2017 CULTURAL INDUSTRIES ORGANISATION CREATIVE INDUSTRIES TOTAL 35,229,326 47,146,014 11,916,688 € AID PROGRAMMES 100.0 25.3 74.7 % 33 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector characterization Source Siadeco, 2017 Number of programmes andamountsby value chain TABLE 15 (19.5% of total aid). Growth. Innovation has been allocated 9.2 millioneuros through 20competition programs Hence, 72%of thetotal of subsidiesgranted through aidprograms are devoted to financing and theactivityof thecompanies. been allocated to thisreinforcement action). This supportismainlyusedto back production In total, 95 aidprograms aimat financingthegrowth of companies (33.8millioneuros have try. Secondly, they mostallocate supportto Innovation, inproducts, services or market. the Growth of existing CCI companies in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Coun- The principalBasquepublicadministrations allocate their aidprograms above allto reinforce Conclusions of theanalysis of thesupporttools (1.1%) €509,656 10 programmes Total DEVELOPMENT COMPETENCE (4.3%) €2,050,000 4 programmes Total CREATION (2.8 %) €1,321,316 7 programmes Total ENTREPRENEURSHIP (19.6 %) €9,222,517 20 programmes Total INNOVATION (71.7 %) €33,812,911 95 programmes Total GROWTH (0.1 %) €40,724 3 programmes Total FINANCING (0.4 %) €188,890 3 programmes Total NALISATION INTERNATIO- 34 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector characterization Growth standsout. 9 million euros, the Department of Education of theBasque Government’s contribution to to Growth. In thisrespect, due to subsidiesto music education centers whichamountsto The departments of Basquelanguage andeducation onlyintervene inprograms intended considered ascreative industries. (between 96% and100%).In addition,thecompanies whobenefit from thisaidare mostly extent financed through thedepartmentslinked to promotion or economic development most closelylinked to economic development. These reinforcement actionsare to agreat Entrepreneurship, Innovation, FinancingandInternationalization are reinforcement actions and 100%respectively). the companies benefiting from or receiving thisaidare classifiedascultural industries(99% ture-related departmentsof publicorganizations (98%and100%respectively). In addition, linked to culture. Competence Development andCreation are actionsfinanced through cul- Competence Development andCreation are reinforcement actionswhichare, above all, in other reinforcement actions,aidprograms come from asingledepartment. Except inthecaseof Growth, where theparticipation comes from different departments, 35 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector characterization CF1 WG4 CULTURAL WG2 BC3 CF3 WA2 CF2 WG3 WG1 WG1 WA1 BC3 CF1 SR1 WG4 ER3 WA3 CF3 ER3 ER1 SR2 ER1 WA1 BC2 ER2 MIX SR1 WA2 SR3 CF2 BC1 WG3 BC2 WA3 SR2 WG1 BC1 CREATIVE Source Siadeco, 2017 amount allocated andpercentage) Public administrations that intervene ineachreinforcement action(number of programmes, TABLE 16 TOTAL ACTION REINFORCEMENT Financing Growth Innovation Entrepreneurship Creation Competence development ER2 No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. % % % % % % % % € € € € € € € € 22,693,232 31,770,315 2,050,000 6,692,402 255,900 75,000 3,782 100.0 67.4 72.6 19.4 14.7 67.1 9.3 40 27 6 4 - - - 1 1 1 BASQUE GOVERNMENT 1,623,126 1,307,973 120,256 138,442 30,487 25,967 10.5 13.7 3.4 6.0 3.9 1.3 19 13 2 2 ------1 1 ÁLAVA REGIONAL GOVERNMENT 4,393,649 4,161,373 142,200 90,076 27.9 12.3 GIPUZKOA 9.3 29 1.0 22 2 5 ------REGIONAL GOVERNMENT PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 8,839,236 2,295,452 5,195,488 249,969 898,461 162,923 36,942 68.0 86.3 90.7 24.9 49.0 18.7 15.4 BIZKAIA 36 19 8 2 4 2 - - - 1 REGIONAL GOVERNMENT 152,843 99,999 28,513 24,331

0.3 VITORIA- 0.3 0.3 2.2 4 2 ------1 1 GASTEIZ CITY COUNCIL 73,125 73,125

0.2 DONOSTIA- 0.2 4 4 ------SAN SEBASTIÁN CITY COUNCIL 293,720 281,720 12,000 0.6 0.8 2.4 10 9 ------1 BILBAO CITY COUNCIL 47,146,014 2,050,000 33,812,911 9,222,517 1,321,316 509,656 188,890 TOTAL 40,724 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 142 20 95 10 3 3 4 7 36 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector characterization CF1 WG4 CULTURAL WG2 BC3 CF3 WA2 CF2 WG3 WG1 WG1 WA1 BC3 CF1 SR1 WG4 ER3 WA3 CF3 ER3 ER1 SR2 ER1 WA1 BC2 ER2 MIX SR1 WA2 SR3 CF2 BC1 WG3 BC2 WA3 SR2 WG1 BC1 CREATIVE Source Siadeco, 2017 cial amountallocated €) Departments that intervene ineachreinforcement action(number of programmes, finan- TABLE 17 TOTAL ACTION REINFORCEMENT Financing Growth Innovation Entrepreneurship Creation Competence development ER2 No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. % % % % % % % % € € € € € € € € 16,692,568 Promotion 13,745,399 CULTURE 2,050,000 400,000 497,169 100.0 35.4 40.7 97.5 0.0 4.3 62 76 0 0 4 ------1 BASQUE LANGUAGE 8,920,126 8,920,126 Others 26.4 18.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 21 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EDUCATION 9,034,668 9,034,668 DEPARTMENT Total 26.7 19.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 FINANCIAL 12,442,436 2,068,989 8,822,517 1,321,316 188,890 40,724 100.0 100.0 100.0 26.4 95.7 0.0 0.0 39 6.1 19 0 0 0 0 3 3 7 7 OTHERS 43,728 56,215 12,487 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 1 47,146,014 2,050,000 33,812,911 9,222,517 1,321,316 509,656 188,890 TOTAL 40,724 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 142 20 95 10 4 3 3 7 37 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector characterization social innovation platform inachanging urbanenvironment. these sites in transition. ZWAP becameabroader movement involving citizens, actinglike a ganization decidedto act,andto supportcultural andeconomic opportunitiesoccupying demolished, whilesomeothers are stillwaiting to berenovated, acultural non-profit or could last15years more. Duringthisin-between phase,where someindustrialareas are Bilbao isexperiencing abroad andlong-lasting urbanurbanisticrevitalization plan,which 4.4.2. Goodpractice 2:ZAWP (Zorrotzaurre Work Art inProgress) ing economic development and CCIs. dustries (networking, film commission, public-private cooperation). BEAZsucceeds in bind- tools (aid programs, mentoring, incubators) includingsomedesignedespeciallyfor CCIs in- companies both in start-up and consolidation phase, and thus developed series of adapted competitiveness of theterritory’s companies through innovative projects. BEAZworks with BEAZ isapubliccompany financed by theBizkaia County Council, to enhance growth and 4.4.1. Goodpractice 1:BEAZ,Bizkaia Creative Strategy bution of CCIs to regional development. dral) isamixed practice alsolinked to theproject’s second objective, enhancingthecontri- improvement of institutionalgovernance, whilegood practice 3(Vitoria-Gasteiz’s cathe- Good practices 1(ZAWP) and2(BEAZ)are more linked to CREADIS3’s 1stobjective, the to select good practices. CCIs?). For thisreason, we have alsoaddedthecriterion of inter-institutional collaboration consequently itismore related to mapping1exercise (how doallgovernance level back The BasqueCountry’s objective withinCREADIS3isto improve institutionalgovernance, basic criteria: The good practices selected inthecaseof theBasqueCountry are basedonthefollowing 4.4. Goodpractices • • • GP withahighlevel of transferability. GP withactionsvisibleandcontrasted results. GP withahighlevel of addedvalue. - 38 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector characterization Basque Country: GoodPractices distributed alongthevalue chainandthesectorialization TABLE 18 more to show andhighlightallwork challenges andoperations. labelled “Openfor Works”: instead of closingitsdoors, thecathedral willopenthemeven enhance value andraising publicawareness around allinterventions. The program hasbeen This planisareference of socialinnovation, since allfour thematic linesare intended to Cathedral Foundation, aware of thesocialvalue of thecultural heritage of thecathedral. technical innovation. A Development and Conservation Plan has been drawn up by the Vitoria-Gasteiz’s cathedral renovation doesnot onlydealwithmainbuildingworks, or 4.4.3. Goodpractice 3: Vitoria-Gasteiz’s cathedral of Santa Maria GP1 CREATION COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT VALUE CHAIN INNOVATION ENTREPRENEURSHIP GP3 GP2 CODE FINANCING GROWTH DESCRIPTION conservation anddevelopment, basedoninnovative socialvectors. FCSM (Fundación Catedral SantaMaría) –generation of amodelfor Heritage creativity. degraded industrialarea through thecreation of opportunities basedonculture and interpretation which,inturn,works ontheeconomic andsocialregeneration of a ZAWP Bilbao(Zorrotzaurre Art Work inProgress) -exercise of reflection and latter anddeveloping supportservices of thecompanies of theregion viaimplementation of thepoliciesset outby the ment of Bizkaia’s County Council. Its missionisto contribute to thecompetitiveness BEAZ -publiccompany of theDepartmentfor Economic and Territorial Develop- CULTURAL Cathedral GP3 IMPACT ON Impact onCULTURE Industries Value Chain–GROWTH Impact onCULTURE andCREATIVE Industries Value Chain–CREATION Impact onCREATIVE Industries Value Chain–ENTREPRENEURSHIP POSITION ZAWP MIX GP2 CREATIVE BEAZ GP1 39 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE CCI sector characterization 40

5/ SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE CCI SECTOR SWOT analysis BasqueCountry TABLE 19 discuss andadjustboth theSWOT analysis andtheConclusions of thisreport. information, a working session was held in 2018 with the Basquestakeholders to share, Present andFuture”, publishedby theBasqueObservatory of Culture. With alltheavailable especially thestudyof Sinnergiak 2014entitled“Cultural andcreative industriesinEuskadi. The SWOT analysis isbasedonvarious studiescarriedoutaboutthepolicy mixonCCIs, 6 5 4 3 2 1 OPPORTUNITIES 6 5 4 3 2 1 STRENGHTS ding to the potencial of theCCI-s” Prioritize thestrategies of harmonizationanddiversification accor Economic revival opportunity to focus onCCIs RIS3 Specialization attwo levels: aEuropean strategy, andalocal Digitalization (which could alsobeathreat) or duringspare time) Increase andnew habitsfor cultural andcreative activities(at work social andcultural innovation) Industry (new transversal policies,riseof aidprogram intended to Growth potential of non-technological innovation withintheBasque sector Diversity andpotential of cultural andcreative activitiesasanew products andservices The orientationto innovation inthecreation anddevelopment of services Confidence inone’s own capacity:people,organizations, products, The level of qualificationand experience of humancapital services The globaltrend to increase theconsumption of culture andcreative Impact of CCIs ontheeconomy andemployment - THREATS WEAKNESSES 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 personality The precariousness of thebusinessstructure: size andlegal Lack of coordination inmultilevel-governance onCCIs The scarce internal articulation:lackof thesenseof belonging Insufficient visibilitymeasures for the CCIsector get over theweakest ones) Cannibalization amongCCIs sub-sectors (themostimportantones Difficulty toprice goodsandservices of CCIs and foundations of banks Lack of cultural patronage andrestructuring of socialdepartments culture Switch of prioritiesfor publicinstitutions:socialattheexpense of Low acceptance of alternative cultures, andsector market-oriented High level itimposesto becompetitive inanopenmarket Globalization CCI sector Lack of members, activities The lackof definition andidentification of thesector: subsectors, expansion of themarkets Financing difficulties,as limitto theincrease of theclientsand cooperation culture withprofessionals andcompanies inthe

41 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE Swot analysis of the CCI sector 42

6/ CONCLUSIONS

In the 2018 working session with the Basque stakeholders, the different CCI dimensions collected in the mappings and in this report were analyzed. After a lively debate, these are the conclusions that were agreed in the case of the Basque Country.

TABLE 20 SWOT conclusions, Basque Country

1 Being a sector “under construction” it seems convenient to define and quantify the CCI sector in the Basque Country, so that systematic information upon the sector can help to formulate policies suitable to the situation of the sector and its evolution. 2 For a real internal articulation of the sector, starting up transversal training and development programs in innovation can give interesting results in the mid-term objective.

3 With the aim of improving multilevel governance in the sector, it can be helpful to advance smart specialization as a tool at the level of territories and capitals, so that territorial priorities could be deployed in a coordinated manner, based on existing assets.

4 The development of the existing CIS RIS3 piloting group is a key point to ensure the coordinated structuring of the sector, and to shape a sector with a growing potential for development.

5 Promoting transversal innovation projects between different CCI sub-sectors and with other priority areas of the RIS3 strategy may lead to the opening of new business lines.

6 A greater presence in the media and European agendas of the results of the CCI programs and projects can improve the confidence of private investors as well as of financing entities. 43

7/ AKNOWLEDGEMENTS

In the elaboration of this report, the members of the Creadis3 team as well as the stakeholders and the representatives of the good practices of the Basque Country have DIRECTLY collaborated. The Basque Observatory of Culture has also contributed with its knowledge regarding data and assessments. More indirectly, all the entities represented by the RIS3 CCIs piloting group have collaborated with their contributions, as well as the organizers and participants in the KSI BERRITZAILE program.

For all of you our sincere thanks for your valuable participation. 44

8/ BIBLIOGRAPHY

• • • • • • • • • Kulturaren Euskal Behatokia- Observatorio Vasco delaCultura mento deCultura yPolítica Lingüística(2018). KSIBERRITZAILEprograma. Eusko Jaurlaritza-Gobierno Vasco, Kultura eta Hizkuntza Politika Saila-Departa vicio Central dePublicaciones delGobierno Vasco. Vitoria-Gasteiz. especialización inteligente. Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Argitalpen Zerbitzu Nagusia- Ser Eusko Jaurlaritza-Gobierno Vasco (2014). PCTIEUSKADI2020. Una estrategia de a discusión.Barcelona: Gedisa. Zallo, Ramón (2016). Tendencias en comunicación. Anexo I Las industrias creativas España, Cataluña yPaís Vasco. Madrid: Fundación Alternativas. Zallo, Ramón(2012). Análisis comparativo ytendencias delaspolíticasculturales en 78, 3.ºcuatrimestre, 2011. Autónoma de Euskadi: una especialización pendiente”. En Revista Ekonomiaz N.º Zallo, Ramón(2011).“Cultura, industriacultural einnovación enlaComunidad Indicadores yCasos.168pp. ISBN:978-84-935346-3-9. Javier Echeverría (editor). Sinnergiak SocialInnovation (2017).Industria Culturales yCreativas: Perspectivas, futuro. Kulturaren Euskal Behatokia- Observatorio Vasco delaCultura. Sinnergiak SocialInnovation (2014). Industrias Culturales yCreativas. Presente y ciológicas, 11,3,(149-172). de lacultura alagobernanza cultural”. En Revista deInvestigaciones Políticas ySo- Martinez de Albeniz, Iñaki (2012).” Lapolíticacultural enelPaís Vasco: delgobierno - - 45 CREADIS3 INTERREG EUROPE Bibliography