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Country Environmental Profile Papua New Guinea

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Country Environmental Profile Papua New Guinea Framework Contract AMS/451 Lot N°6 Request for Services N°2005/102581 Country Environmental Profile Papua New Guinea Final Report January 2006 This project is funded A project implemented by the European Union by MWH Framework Contract AMS/451 Lot no. 6 Request for Services N° 2005/108511 This report is financed by the European Commission and is presented by Mr. Wayne Borden and Mr. Gareth Ward of MWH SA for the Government of Papua New Guinea and the European Commission. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Government of Papua New Guinea or the European Commission. ii January 2006 Country Environmental Profile of Papua New Guinea INDEX LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................................................... V LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................... V LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................. VI 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... 1 2. STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................. 4 2.1. Country Profile ............................................................................................................................. 4 2.2. Physical Environment .................................................................................................................. 4 2.2.1. Air and Climate ................................................................................................................................................ 4 2.2.2. Land Based Resources ................................................................................................................................... 5 2.2.3. Water Resources ............................................................................................................................................ 5 2.2.4. Natural Disasters and Risks ............................................................................................................................ 6 2.3. Biological Environment ................................................................................................................ 6 2.3.1. Biodiversity ...................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.3.2. Forest Resources ............................................................................................................................................ 8 2.3.3. Marine Resources ........................................................................................................................................... 9 2.3.4. Pressures on the Environment ...................................................................................................................... 10 2.4. Socio-Economic and Socio-Cultural Conditions and Human Health ........................................ 10 2.4.1. Waste Disposal ............................................................................................................................................. 11 2.4.2. Health ............................................................................................................................................................ 12 2.4.3. Climate change ............................................................................................................................................. 12 2.4.4. Loss of resources (biodiversity, marine resources etc) ................................................................................. 12 2.5. Indicators ................................................................................................................................... 13 3. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, LEGISLATIVE AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK .............................. 15 3.1. Environmental policy and legislation ......................................................................................... 15 3.1.1. Policy ............................................................................................................................................................. 15 3.1.2. Legislation ..................................................................................................................................................... 15 3.1.3. Land Tenure Issues ...................................................................................................................................... 17 3.1.4. International Treaties, Conventions and Agreements ................................................................................... 18 3.1.5. Climate Change ............................................................................................................................................ 18 3.2. Environmental institutional framework ....................................................................................... 19 3.2.1. Legislative institutions ................................................................................................................................... 19 3.2.2. Main Government Sector Institutions ............................................................................................................ 19 3.2.3. Institutional Capability ................................................................................................................................... 21 3.2.4. Environmental Co-ordination between Government Sector Institutions ........................................................ 22 3.2.5. Civil Society organisations ............................................................................................................................ 22 3.2.6. Universities and Colleges .............................................................................................................................. 23 3.2.7. Planning and Monitoring ............................................................................................................................... 23 3.2.8. Governance and Enforcement ...................................................................................................................... 24 3.2.9. Institutional Capacity and Human Resources ............................................................................................... 24 3.3. Integration of environmental concerns into the main sectors .................................................... 24 Draft Report iii Framework Contract AMS/451 Lot no. 6 Request for Services N° 2005/108511 3.3.1. Main Environmental Issues ........................................................................................................................... 24 3.3.2. Main Sectors for Environmental Integration .................................................................................................. 25 4. EU AND OTHER DONOR COOPERATION WITH THE COUNTRY FROM AN ENVIRONMENTAL PERSPECTIVE ...................................................................................................................... 32 4.1. International Cooperation .......................................................................................................... 32 4.1.1. Donors and Regional Institutions: ................................................................................................................. 32 4.2. European Commission .............................................................................................................. 33 4.2.1. Rural development and environment ............................................................................................................ 34 5. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................................. 36 5.1. Conclusions ............................................................................................................................... 36 5.2. Recommendations ..................................................................................................................... 38 5.2.1. Areas of support ............................................................................................................................................ 38 5.2.2. Approach ....................................................................................................................................................... 39 APPENDIX 1. ENVIRONMENTAL MAPS OF THE COUNTRY .......................................................... 41 APPENDIX 2. LIST OF DOCUMENTS CONSULTED. ..................................................................... 42 APPENDIX 3. INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL TREATIES, CONVENTIONS AND AGREEMENTS RATIFIED BY PAPUA NEW GUINEA ........................................................................................ 44 APPENDIX 4. ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVATION ................................................................................................................... 45 APPENDIX 5. ENVIRONMENTAL NGOS WORKING IN PNG ........................................................ 46 APPENDIX 6. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES .............................................................. 47 APPENDIX 7. CO-ORDINATION MATRIX FOR KEY EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE .................................
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