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Papua New Guinea National Assessment Report BPOA + 10, Mauritius 2005

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Papua New Guinea National Assessment Report BPOA + 10, Mauritius 2005 Papua New Guinea National Assessment Report BPOA + 10, Mauritius 2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS Forward by the Minister for Environment & Conservation, Hon. Mr William Duma LLB, MP... Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………. Background………………………………………………………………….......................... Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………………... Lists of Abbreviations and acronyms………………………………………………………. Tables………………………………………………………………………………………….. Part I : National Circumstances………………………………………..………….... 1. Geography……………………………………………………….............................. 2. Historical overview…………………………………………………………………… 3. Demography/Population…………………………………………………………….. 4. Climate and weather……………………………………………….………………… 5. Government and administration……………………………………………...…….. 6. Natural resources…………………………………………………………………….. 7. Economic development………………………………………………..................... 8. Social development………………………………………………...………………... Part II : Key development challenges facing PNG………………………………… 1. Urbanization ……..………………………………………………………………....... 2. Law and order………………………………………………………...……………… 3. Unemployment……………………………………………………………………….. Part III : National framework for sustainable development………………………... Part IV : Review of PNG’s implementation of the BPoA……………….................. 1. Climate change and sea level rise……………………………………………..…... 2. Natural and environmental disasters………………………...…………………….. 3. Management of wastes…………………………………………...…………………. 4. Coastal and marine resources………………………………………..…………….. 5. Freshwater resources and sanitation services……………………...................... 6. Land resources……………………………………………………………………….. 7. Energy resources…………………………………………………………………….. 8. Tourism resources…………………………………………………...………………. 9. Biodiversity resources……………………………………………………………….. Part V : Cross-sectoral, new and emerging issues………………..………………. 1. Good governance……………………………………………………………………. 2. Capacity-building and cooperation…………………………………………………. 3. Enabling environment at the national level……………………..…………………. 4. Law and order and security issues…………………………………………........... 5. Financial resources………………………………………………………………….. 6. International agreements……………………………………………………………. 7. Awareness and communications…………………………………………………… 8. Trade and investment in PNG……………………………….……………………... 9. Global partnership for development…………………………………..................... 10. MDGs and sustainable development in PNG…….………………………………. (i) Poverty eradication………………………………………………..…………………. (ii) Education……………………………………………………………………………… (iii) Reduction of child mortality…………………………………………....................... (iv) Gender equality and empowerment of women……………………….................. (v) Health issues…………………………………………………………....................... - Malaria and other diseases………..……………………………………….. - HIV/AIDS…………………………………..…………………………………. 11. References……………………………………………………………………………. Foreword by the Minister for Environment & Conservation, Hon. William Duma, LLB MP The preparation of Papua New Guinea's National Assessment Report on the Implementation of the Barbados Programme of Action (BPoA) for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States (SIDS) is part of an international exercise to undertake a comprehensive review of the implementation of the BPoA in SIDS since its adoption in 1994. The purpose of the review exercise is threefold: (a) The review exercise provides an opportunity for SIDS countries, including Papua New Guinea, to look at the progresses and achievements made in the implementation of the BPoA commitments; (b) The review process enables SIDS countries to identify problems and constraints in the implementation of the BPoA commitments; and (c) It also provides an opportunity for SIDS countries to determine appropriate measures and actions to overcome the problems and constraints for effective implementation of the BPoA. As a member of the family of SIDS countries, Papua New Guinea's preparation of its National Assessment Report for the comprehensive review of the BPoA is a testament to its unwavering commitment and resolve to implement the BPoA commitments in the country. Consistent with the purposes of the review process, the National Assessment attempts to reflect on the achievements Papua New Guinea had made in the implementation of the BPoA. It also notes the problems and constraints and suggests measures and actions to overcome those impediments. While the SIDS, including Papua New Guinea, are required to take concrete national actions to implement the BPoA, the developed countries have equally accepted the responsibility to assist the SIDS with financial, technical and other necessary resources to implement the Programme. In this context, the National Assessment Report draws the importance of international assistance and support to strengthen Papua New Guinea's effort to implement the BPoA commitments. Finally, I trust that the National Assessment Report will serve as a benchmark to improve and further enhance Papua New Guinea's implementation of the BPoA. I am also confident that the National Assessment Report will serve its collective utility in the global review process of the BPoA. (Signature) Hon. Mr William Duma LLB, MP Minister for Environment & Conservation Introduction The Papua New Guinea's (PNG's) National Assessment Report (NAR) on the Implementation of the Barbados Programme of Action (BPoA) for the Sustainable Development of Small Island States (SIDS) reflects the country’s implementation of the BPoA commitments. Part IV of the NAR notes the progresses made in pursuing the BPoA commitments and also identifies certain problems and constraints that affected its effective implementation in the country. Further, attempts have been made to identify possible actions and measures to overcome the impediments that stand in the way of implementing the BPoA. The implementation of the BPoA can not be isolated from the economic and social development issues, given the inter-linkages and mutually reinforcing nature of these three pillars of sustainable development. In this context, Part V of the NAR highlights certain important social and economic issues and challenges facing the country. This includes issues, such as trade and investment; poverty eradication; education; reduction of child mortality; gender equality and empowerment of women; and health issues: malaria and other diseases and HIV/AIDS. Attempts have also been made to identify certain measures and actions that PNG can take to address those important social and economic issues. Part V also reflects on certain cross-cutting issues, such as good governance, capacity- building and cooperation, law and order and security issues, financial resources, awareness and communications, enabling environment at the national level; as well as other factors that affect PNG's implementation of sustainable development, including the BPoA.. Certain measures and actions that PNG can take to effectively address these issues had also been identified. In order put into proper context of the issues and challenges facing the country, Part I indicates certain general information about the country. This includes information on the geography of the country, demography/population, climate and weather, the country’s natural resources, and a brief overview of the social and economic developments of the country. Part II deliberates on three important development challenges facing the country. These are the law and order, urbanizations and unemployment issues. These are should also be served as precursor to related issues deliberated in Part IV and moreso for development challenges and issues articulated in Part V. Part III was devoted to national framework for sustainable development, which an important element of the infrastructural basis for the country’s implementation of sustainable development, including the BPoA. It provides a brief account of established mechanisms and the current approach towards addressing sustainable development in the country. Background The United Nations Conference on the Sustainable Development of Small Islands States, held in Barbados from 25 April to 6 May 1994 adopted the BPoA for the Sustainable Development of Small Islands Developing States (SIDS). The BPoA constitutes specific actions and measures to be taken at the national, regional, and international levels in support for sustainable development in SIDS. The adoption of the BPoA was a concrete step forward in an effort to implement the Rio Declaration, Agenda 21, and other outcomes of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in June 1992. The BPoA constitutes 15 priorities areas of critical importance to SIDS, including climate change and sea level rise; natural and environmental disasters; management of wastes; coastal and marine resources; freshwater resources; land resources; energy resources; tourism resources; and biodiversity resources. The United Nations General Assembly, at its 22nd Special Session in September 1999, devoted two days to review the implementation of the BPoA in SIDS. This Special Session revealed that despite the efforts of SIDS, the international community, especially the developed countries and the donor community have not yet fulfilled their commitments in supporting the SIDS with financial, technical and other resources to implement the BPoA. In light of this, the General Assembly called for the international community to support the SIDS in their efforts to implement BPoA commitments. The World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) in Johannesburg, South
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