Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal

March 2010

This Conservation Area Appraisal was undertaken by North District Council in 2009. It was endorsed by North Cornwall District Council’s Planning & Development Committee on the 23rd March 2009 and was subsequently endorsed by as a material consideration within the emerging Cornwall Council Local Development Framework on 24 April 2010.

Contents

1 Introduction 1

The purpose of a Conservation Area Appraisal 1

Scope and structure 1

General identity and character 1

Date of designation 1

The Conservation Area within the wider setting 1

2 Planning Context 2

National 2

Regional 2

Local 2

3 Location and setting 3

4 Designations 4

5 Historic and topographic development 5

Prehistory 5

Medieval 5

Seventeenth Century 6

Eighteenth century 7

Early Nineteenth century 8

Late Nineteenth century 9

Early Twentieth century 10

Later Twentieth Century 11

6 Archaeological potential 13

7 Present settlement character 14

Topography and Settlement Form 14

Standing historic fabric 14 Key Buildings 18

Local details 19

Local and traditional building materials 24

Activity and use 27

Spatial analysis 28

Streetscape 28

Views and Vistas 36

Greenery and green space 39

Loss, intrusion and damage 40

Neutral Areas 42

General condition and Buildings at risk 42

8 Problems and pressures 43

Historic Buildings 43

Public Realm 43

New Building and Conversion 45

9 Recommendations 46

Historic Buildings 46

Public Realm 46

New Building and Conversion 46

10 Opportunities 47

1 Sources 48

Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal 1 Introduction

churches, village hall and the ‘Men’s The purpose of a Conservation Institute’. There are daily bus services to Area Appraisal .

The purpose of this conservation area Date of designation appraisal is to clearly define the special interest, character and appearance of the The Conservation Area was designated by conservation area, and to suggest any North Cornwall District Council in 1973 and possible amendments to its boundary. The was extended in 1989. appraisal should then inform development control decisions and policies and act as a The Conservation Area within the foundation for further work on design wider setting guidance and enhancement schemes. The present conservation area boundary Scope and structure reflects the historic settlement extent, Burshill Manor and its setting, and the This appraisal describes and analyses the eastern approach to the village. character of the Poughill conservation area and the immediately surrounding historic environment. The appraisal will look at the historic and topographical development of the settlement and analyse its present character in order to identify problems and pressures and make recommendations for its future management. More detailed advice on the management of the conservation area can be found in the Poughill Conservation Area Management Plan which is designed to stand alongside this appraisal.

General identity and character

Poughill is a most attractive village with a good survival of historic buildings within a picturesque natural setting. Despite sizeable developments taking place during the 1960s and 1970s to the north west and east of the settlement the historic character of the village’s core has been largely preserved. The village still supports a good range of facilities including a post office, public house, parish and Methodist

1 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal 2 Planning Context

Local National The adopted North Cornwall District Local In 1967 the concept of protecting areas of Plan (1999) contains detailed polices special merit, rather than individual relating to listed buildings and conservation buildings was first brought under legislative areas. For this reason, anyone considering control with the passing of the Civil making an application for consent for Amenities Act. Whilst listed buildings are development or demolition within a assessed nationally with lists drawn up by conservation area or which would affect a the government on advice from English listed building should consult the Local Heritage conservation areas are designated Plan. The document is available for by local authorities. The current Act inspection at the Council’s offices and governing the designation of ‘areas of online at www.ncdc.gov.uk . Pre-application special architectural or historic interest, the advice can also be sought from the character or appearance of which it is Council’s Conservation and Development desirable to preserve or enhance’ is the Control Officers. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. Under this The Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act local planning authorities are required Act 2004 introduced changes to the to designate conservation areas, to keep planning system that will result in the North them under review and if appropriate to Cornwall District Local Plan replacement designate further areas. Designation by a Local Development Framework. A remains the principal means by which local portfolio of Development Plan Documents authorities can apply conservation policies will set out the spatial planning strategies to a particular area. for Cornwall and provide detailed development control policies including Regional locally distinct polices relating to listed buildings and conservation areas. Broad polices relating to the protection and enhancement of the natural and built The saved polices of the North Cornwall environment is currently contained in the District Local Plan will remain part of the Cornwall Structure Plan (2004). The policy statutory development plan until replaced emphasis is that development should by adopted Development Plan Documents. respect and consolidate local character. In 2008 the Structure Plan will be replaced as part of the statutory Development Plan by the South West Regional Spatial Strategy. The contained policy approach in respect of the built and natural environment will be maintained in accordance with national guidance.

2 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal 3 Location and setting

Poughill lies 1.5 km (1 mile) to the north-east of the resort town of Bude and about 1km from the A39 trunk road which leads south to and north to Bideford. The village lies within the parish of Bude-Straaton and is within the area of North Cornwall District Council.

Poughill is sited on the side of a hill, which rises to its summit to the north east of the village. Situated at 50m above sea level Poughill is considerably higher than neighbouring Bude, Stratton and Crooklets, all of which are sited in valleys. A spring rises to the north east of the settlement and emerges as a stream that travels along a valley to the north of the village before forming part of Maer Lake to the south-east. The village is surrounded by undulating farmland. To the west about 2 km away lies the coastal plain and the nearest coastal settlements are Northcott Mouth and Crooklets.

Under the historic landscape characterisation survey carried out by Cornwall County Council Historic Environment Service most of the land around the village was identified as medieval farmland. There are two areas of post medieval farmland – the land between St Olaf’s and the public house and the land around Bay Tree Farm.

Cornwall County Council’s Scheduled Monument Record shows the remains of a ridge and furrow system in the field adjacent to Meadows at the south-western end of the village.

3 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal 4 Designations

Scheduled Monuments

There are no scheduled monuments

Historic Buildings

There are 17 listed buildings and structures in Poughill including the grade I church, and the grade II* Church House.

There is no local list

Historic Area Designations

The majority of the settlement lies within a conservation area

Other Designations

(All policy numbers refer to North Cornwall Local Plan adopted April 1999)

The settlement is surrounded by an Open Area of Local Significance (OALS) – (ENV2) To the north of the settlement is an Area of Great Landscape Value ((AGLV) –(ENV1)

To the south of the settlement is an Historic Battlefield site – (ENV15)

The development boundary (HSG 1) has been drawn tightly around the existing built up area so as to retain the character and setting of the village and protect the surrounding countryside from encroaching development.

4 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal 5 Historic and topographic development

See also the surviving historic fabric map – Fig. 1

Prehistory

There is no evidence of an early settlement on the site of Poughill, but there are indications of early occupation in the surrounding area. Bronze age barrows have been discovered on Maer Cliff to the west and there was a Roman encampment on Stamford Hill to the south. According to Cornwall County Council’s Scheduled Monument Record the medieval Poughill church could have been built on the site of a pre-Norman church. There is a monument near the lychgate of the present Poughill Church composed from stones from a cist, which could have been relocated from a local site.

Medieval Picture 5.1 The west tower of St Olaf’s dates from The first written evidence of a settlement the fifteenth century at Poughill, known then as Pochelle, was In addition two sizeable houses were built made in the Domesday Survey of 1086. during this period one at Crabbe to the The manor was given by William the north east of the settlement, first recorded Conqueror to his half-brother Robert, Earl in 1378, and one at Burshill to the south of Mortain, when he became Earl of east. The present building on this site dates Cornwall. By 1281 the manor was held by from the early sixteenth century. At the the Abbey of Cleeve in Somerset who were northern end of the settlement a house was given it by Hubert de Burgh of Kent. built in 1543 off Bow Lane. Records from this period refer to the church as Ecclesia de Pegwille. The royal By the fifteenth century Nicholas Radford, connection and subsequently the Counsel for Lord Bonville was living in connection with Cleeve Abbey suggest the Poughill. The writer William of Worcester settlement was considered of some recorded in c1478 that in 1457 Radford was importance during the medieval period. The slain in his own house by Thomas the present day church dedicated to St Olaf eldest son of the Earl of Devon because (King of Norway 995-1030) was built during Radford was representing Lord Bonville in the fourteenth and extended during the a case against the Earl. The fact that such fifteenth century suggesting continuing a lawyer should chose to live in Poughill prosperity.

5 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal suggests it was a settlement of some (at one time used to house servants for significance and reasonably well Pudners) and a building to the rear of connected. Pudners.

Poughill and the surrounding area by the sixteenth century was the home to a number of significant families but had also developed into a community in its own right. In 1525 William Derril, the Abbot of Cleeve granted to the poor of the parish land in the centre of the village. A church house was erected to the south of the church, which brewed ale to raise funds for the church, and also provided accommodation for the poor of the parish.

Picture 5.3 Pudners and St Olaf’s Cottage were part of the seventeenth century development in Poughill

This building (now called St Olaf’s) was probably originally built as a pair of cottages. Further to the east lay Pudners Cottage (also used at one time to house servants for Pudners) which has the date 1609 date inscribed on the plaster above its door.

Picture 5.2 One of the earliest surviving buildings in the village. Parts of Church House date from the sixteenth century

By 1536 the settlement was referred to as Poghyll.

Seventeenth Century

By the early seventeenth century the manor was sold by James I and then continued to change hands. Picture 5.4 Pudners Cottage was used at one time This period saw the further development of to house the servants from Pudners the centre of the village. In 1601 a major In 1679 the vicarage at Poughill was restoration of Church House took place described in the Cornish Glebe Terriers as when the east end collapsed. The house a building with a stone ground floor which Pudners was built to the east of the church included a kitchen, hall buttery and cellar and two further buildings St Olaf’s Cottage

6 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal with four chambers above. The first floor Eighteenth century was constructed from cob as were the outhouses, which included a barn and In 1713 a monument to the Civil War battle stable. There were orchards to the was erected on Stamford Hill, but was later south-east and north-west of the vicarage removed to the Tree Inn in Stratton. land, which was situated in the area now known as Orchard Close. To the south of The Cornish Glebe Terriers of 1727 lists the vicarage a row of cottages were built the repairs and extensions that had been during this period on the site of the present carried out to the vicarage by now referred day Preston Gate Inn. to as ‘An Ancient House’. The roof is described as thatch apart from a linhay on By the late seventeenth century further the west of the house that has a slate roof. development had taken place in the Burshill Manor area. Three cottages Burshill The same document mentions the custom Cottage, Mandalay and Easterly Cottage of using the churchyard trees to repair the were built on the road at the head of its church and church house. It also refers to drive, which belonged to the Manor, and a parish house, formerly a school ‘for which the manor itself was remodelled and there is still a part reserved to be made use extended. of whenever a public school be again kept in the parish’. The other part was let as a dwelling house. The terrier states that this house stands on the land granted by William Devell and mentions almshouses which were also sited on Devell land with a cottage at their east end leased out by the parishioners. This is the same Abbot of Cleeve (Derril) who gave land for the Church House, but it is unclear whether either the former school or the almshouses was the Church House or whether three buildings were constructed on Devell land. In which case St Olafs might well have Picture 5.5 Outbuildings at Burshill Manor been one of these buildings.

During the Civil War the battle of Stratton The 1809 first edition ordnance survey took place on a hill to the south-west of the drawing shows the extent to which the settlement. There is some dispute as to village had developed by the end of the whether the hill was originally called eighteenth century. The settlement is Stamford Hill or whether it was later named grouped around a central area immediately after the Parliamentary general the Earl of to the west of the church. Here the lanes Stamford. form an island which sill exists today formed by Church Street, Northcott Mouth Road and Poughill Road. It is unclear whether this area was built on or whether it formed a village green. To the east of the church the Pudners group of buildings can

7 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal be clearly seen and the Church House to Early Nineteenth century the south. Development away from this central group centred on Bay Tree Farm to By 1801 the population of the parish of the north and the cottages associated with Poughill stood at 297. Burnshill Manor at the eastern end of the village. During this period a water mill was built for the settlement, but this was outside the village itself to the east. Pudners was remodelled at this time and a new house called Reeds built at the northern end of the settlement by John Vickery Jose, which was bought by the inventor Sir (who built The Castle in Bude).

In 1844 the West Briton Newspaper recorded a vestry meeting held to raise funds for the repair of the church and the parsonage house. Nineteenth century work at the church included a new east window in the Perpendicular style and a vestry. Picture 5.6 Bay Tree Farm would appear to date from the eighteenth century, although the windows are nineteenth century. The 1840 tithe map shows a number of further cottages opposite the church to the Stylistically Rose Cottage appears to date south adjacent to the Church House, and from this period, or could be even earlier. more development at the junction between For many years it was the village’s public Poughill Road and Northcott Mouth Road house, the Union Inn, and this would on the western side. Bay Tree Farm by this explain the comparatively large size of the point included four sizeable buildings. By building. this date there was a row of cottages immediately to the west of the church bordering the graveyard and addressing Church Street and some development at the southern end of the island site.

Picture 5.7 Many of the features of Rose Cottage are typical of the village including the slate roofed door canopy, local slate roof and sash windows.

8 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal Late Nineteenth century

The Post Office Directory for 1856 records ‘The church is a very ancient stone building in the perpendicular style, with a handsome square tower surmounted by pinnacles’. The Directory lists a National School for girls, eight farmers, a butcher, shopkeeper, tailor, two shoemakers, a physician and two blacksmiths all living in the parish.

The 1880 First Edition Ordnance Survey map shows the village had developed Picture 5.8 Early nineteenth century cottages on Church Street significantly during the mid to late nineteenth century. The new school, built in 1867, is shown to the south of the church and part of the Church House row of buildings was labeled as an orphanage.

Picture 5.9 Moor Cottages date from the early to mid nineteenth century.

A further row of cottages are shown addressing Northcott Mouth Road opposite Picture 5.10 The wall bordering the garden of The Bay Tree Farm. Two buildings are marked Villa has clearly been raised at some point. This on the southern side of Poughill Road south could have occurred in the late nineteenth century of the junction with Broomhil Lane one of when the building was used as an orphanage which was a blacksmiths. At the eastern At the eastern end of the village there was end of the village the main development a new vicarage and stable block on land to took the form of a public house sited the south of Poughill Road opposite the between the Thatched Cottage and the public house. Further east along the road Burshill Cottages. on the southern side a large detached By 1841 parish population had swelled to house called St Nectan’s had been built set 472. within landscaped gardens with a trio of interconnecting outbuildings addressing the road.

9 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal Opposite Trelana at the northern edge of the village there was a further detached house called Bowlane with stables. At this point there were still large areas of orchards and woods in and around the village stretching either side of Northcott Mouth Road with land to the south of Reeds given over to woodland and stretching eastwards to the rear of the church and along Poughill Road. Burshill was also surrounded by woodland.

Other works carried out in the village during Picture 5.11 St Nectan’s built in the late nineteenth century on the southern side of Poughill Road this period included alterations to Church House and the restoration of pinnacles to Further development at Burshill during this the church tower in 1861 following damage period included a sizeable building to the by lightning strike. During this period the north west of the original house. In the cottages to the north of Pudners were run centre of the village further development as almshouses. In 1881 the Union Inn took place on the island site and a further closed and for the following one hundred cottage was added at the southern end of years Poughill had no public house. the row along Church Street. The building of sizeable houses around the village indicates that, despite its remote position the village continued to attract the wealthy. This was probably due to its attractive natural setting and proximity to the romantic north Cornish coastline in addition to its historic reputation as a settlement of note. Polsue records in 1872 in his ‘Parochial ’ that the patron of the vicarage was the Lord Chancellor.

By this point Poughill Manor was known as Broomhill and was only a royalty, which did Picture 5.12 Escallonia Cottage built in the late nineteenth century makes reference to the adjacent not consist of any land. church in the use of un-rendered stone and the arches above its windows Early Twentieth century

To the west of Northcott Mouth Road the The 1907 Second Edition Ordnance Survey house at Reeds now included a group of map shows that during the late nineteenth five structures and to the north of Northcott and early twentieth century all the Mouth Road a large house called Trelana development took place at the western end was built set in its own landscaped garden of the village. Further buildings were with a number of sizeable outbuildings. erected at Bay Tree Farm and a new large

10 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal house called Reeds was built to the north of the old Reeds development. The Bowlane house was reconstructed as two attached houses with an outbuilding to the north. There was a group of small buildings on land which subsequently became the site of the Methodist Chapel and Village Hall.

Picture 5.14 The Rowans – part of the early twentieth century development of Poughill.

In 1921 the population of the parish stood at 384. Kelly’s Directory for 1926 records that ‘land is principally in pasture, but corn is grown’ and lists twelve farmers with over 150 acres in the parish. It also records that by this date the Wesleyan Chapel had been Picture 5.13 The early twentieth century Methodist built and other services in the village Chapel is still in use. included a post office, mixed public elementary school, a motor car This period again saw a number of sizeable proprietress, builders, a motor engineer, detached houses built throughout the miller, shopkeeper and apartments. In 1935 village. These included Meadows on land a K6 telephone box designed by Giles to the west of the junction between Poughill Gilbert Scott was installed outside the post Road and Northcott Mouth Road and office, and was moved at a later date to the Rowans, Combe Rise, Lydcroft, opposite side of the road. The reference to Midsummer Cottage, Trelawne, Sarona apartments in Kelly’s Directory hints at the and Ferndale all set in their own gardens emergence of Poughill as a popular holiday off Poughill Road. Trelawne was built by destination. Trelana House during this members of the Bryant family who had lived period was run as a boarding house. at Burshill Manor for many generations. These large houses which have become a During Wold War II Clifton School who had key component in the character of the been evacuated to nearby Bude used the village illustrate its growing reputation as a church as its school chapel. desirable place to live. Later Twentieth Century

During the late 1960s and 1970s the extensive Moor Cross Estate was built to the west of the settlement (outside the current conservation area boundary). The Orchard Close development also took place

11 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal at the same time to the east of the historic village core on land behind the public house. Subsequent development has been in the form of infill. In 1983 the Preston Gate Public House opened in buildings converted from a former cottage row. The derivation of the name is uncertain, but it is thought to come from ‘Pyston Yate’ meaning priest’s gate referring to the earlier vicarage site.

Picture 5.15 In recent years a row of cottages were converted into the Preston Gate Inn

By 1991 the population of Poughill stood at 740.

12 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal 6 Archaeological potential

There are no nationally recognised archaeological sites of importance in Poughill however the long and many layered evolution of the settlement gives the whole area developed up to the early twentieth century potential for standing or buried archaeological features. The earliest centre of development around the church is of particular archaeological interest and sensitivity. Here the deposits are likely to provide valuable information on the settlement’s early form and development. The urban archaeological remains are likely to be more complex in these areas.

13 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal 7 Present settlement character

Cottage, Madalay and Easterly Cottage, St Topography and Settlement Form Olaf’s Cottage, the cottages to the north of Pudners and Pudner’s Cottage. There are The siting of the original settlement at also a number of cottages and houses Poughill was undoubtedly influenced by its whose size and unusual plan have evolved proximity to a water supply - the spring, through previous non-domestic use such which emerges to the north-east of Orchard as Rose Cottage (the former Union Inn), Close and flows as a stream virtually in Church House (former public rooms, parallel to the Poughill Road. The first brewery and meeting hall) and the Villa (the occupation took place around the church former orphanage). where the land forms a slight plateau, which would have presented an attractive site to early builders. The site was well drained due to the slope of the hill and positioned away from the summit to provide shelter from the prevailing weather. The large number of trees which still survive in the area suggest it might well have been traditionally wooded (unlike the coastal plain to the west) providing additional shelter.

The pattern of subsequent development in the village was undoubtedly influenced by Picture 7.1 The Villa at one point was used as the the gradient of the hill with the steeper village orphanage slopes, south of the Post Office and immediately north of Pudners Cottage, Other typical village structures include the remaining undeveloped until the nineteenth church, chapel and village hall. The village century. has two commercial buildings the post office and the Preston Gate Inn – the Standing historic fabric former purpose built (although adapted over the years) and the later converted from an See figure 1 - which shows the approximate earlier cottage row. date of the surviving historic fabric and figure 2 – which analyses its nature.

Building Types

In some respects the buildings in Poughill conform to the types one would expect to find in a village. There are a number of cottages and cottage rows these include Moor Cottages, Myrtle Cottage, Escallonia Cottage, 1-3 Church Street, Burshill

14 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal Picture 7.2 Part of the surviving former shop front Picture 7.4 The former blacksmiths has been on the southern elevation of the post office converted to domestic use

Unusually there is only one former farm surviving in the village itself, Bay Tree Farm. This could possibly be because the outlying large farms including Burshill (the manor house), Crabbe Farm and Mount Pleasant farmed all the surrounding land. There are the usual farm/outbuildings many of which have been converted into domestic use including – the barns to the south and west of Bay Tree Farm, the Old Blacksmiths, The Barn and the former stables at St Nectans, Trelana and the Vicarage. Picture 7.5 The former stables at St Nectans has been converted into a house

Pudners represents a more unusual village building type, as most high status houses were generally found outside the village centre, although two similar buildings can be found in the centre of Blisland.

Picture 7.3 Former barn converted into a house to the west of Bay Tree Farm

15 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal scale of development which occurred at this time and continued in phases throughout the twentieth century.

Architectural styles

The majority of cottages and early buildings in the village are in the local vernacular style with simple unadorned flat-fronted facades. The majority of late nineteenth and early twentieth century structures accord to the standard villa type of architecture found throughout the country. Picture 7.6 Pudners is a high status seventeenth A number of them however show the century village house influence of the Arts and Crafts style of The other unusual feature of the village is architecture such as asymmetrically placed the high number of late nineteenth and windows, random roof pitches and mullions. early twentieth century villas. Some of these replace earlier cottages such as Marland House, Innsbruck and Kimberley House but the majority were built on previously undeveloped land with sizeable surrounding gardens - Reeds, Trelana, Rowans, Meadows, Clifton Cottage, Combe Rise, Ferndale, Trelawne, Sarona, St Nectans and Reeds Cottage.

Picture 7.8 The influence of the Arts and Crafts architectural style on the design of Reeds can be seen in the brick window surrounds and mullions, the decorative chimneys and the different roof pitches.

The design of the public buildings in the village does accord to specific architectural styles.

Picture 7.7 The early twentieth century Kimberley St Olaf’s Church – Built predominantly House was built on the site of an earlier cottage. in the Perpendicular Gothic style with a north aisle in the earlier Decorated The beauty of the surrounding countryside, style. The three-stage battlemented views to the coast and proximity to the west tower dates from the fifteenth ever-expanding resort of Bude explains the century.

16 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal Poughill Village Hall- The eclectic style of this building includes a Venetian style window on its northern façade and Tuscan columns either side of the main entrance.

Picture 7.9 St Olaf’s principally dates from the fourteenth and fifteenth century and was built in the Decorated and Perpendicular Gothic style

Poughill Methodist Church – Built to a largely Gothic design with steeply pitched roof and pointed windows, Picture 7.11 Classical features on the northern which incorporate roundels in their façade of the Village Hall tracery. School – Built in the Tudor Gothic style with gables, square headed windows with mullions and a main entrance door beneath a Tudor style arch.

Picture 7.12 Stone mullions on the former school house

Picture 7.10 The northern window of the Methodist Chapel incorporates a roundel in its tracery

17 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal Picture 7.13 The Tudor Gothic style former village Picture 7.14 Woodbine Cottage dates from the school eighteenth century with nineteenth century panel door and sash windows Key Buildings Early nineteenth century – The Church of St Olaf - grade I, fourteenth converted barn behind Bay Tree Farm, and fifteenth century Marland House, Innsbruck, Fisherton Pudners – grade II, seventeenth Cottage, The Old Blacksmiths, The century Barn, The Post Office, Moor Cottages, Church House– grade II*, sixteenth Myrtle Cottage, 1-3 Church Street, century Preston Gate Inn Pudners Cottage – grade II, Mid to late nineteenth century – seventeenth century Trelana, Reeds Cottage and barn, Burshill Manor – grade II, sixteenth Escallonia Cottage, The Vicarage, St century Nectans and the former stables. The Methodist Church - early twentieth Early twentieth century – Reeds, century Rowans, Meadows, Clifton Cottage, Kimberley House, Combe Rise, The Village Hall - 1932 Lydcroft, Midsummer Cottage, Other listed buildings in the village :- Trelawne, Sarona and Ferndale.

All grade II and Seventeenth century - St Olaf’s Cottage, Cottages to the north east of Pudners, Burshill Cottage, Mandalay and Easterly Cottage

Other unlisted but historic buildings :-

Eighteenth century (or earlier) – Rose Cottage, Bay Tree Farm, The Villa, Woodbine Cottage

18 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal and Bay Tree Farm has a double pitched roof where the house has been extended on its eastern elevation.

Picture 7.15 Trelawne – one of the early twentieth century villas in the village

Local details Picture 7.17 Outshut to the rear of Rose Cottage Roofs –

The majority of the roofs in the village have gable ends and the frontage of Pudners incorporates gables. There are however a number of hipped roofs on the larger detached houses and the post office.

Picture 7.18 The roof of Bay Tree Farm has been extended on its eastern side.

Windows -

Many of the houses in the village, both large and small have historic sash windows. Picture 7.16 Clifton Cottage has a hipped roof with These range from the later simple mitred joints arrangements of two-over-two pane sash windows – Marland House, Innsbruck and Hips can also be found on the ends of Escallonia Cottage and three-over-three cottage rows. To the rear of Rose Cottage pane sash windows – Kimberly House, there is a long sloping roof above the early Myrtle Cottage to earlier examples of ground floor extension known as an outshut six-over-six Rowans, The Old Smithy, Clifton Cottage, Combe Rise,

19 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal eight-over-eight – Rose Cottage, Bay Tree Farm, Preston Gate Inn and ten- over-ten pane sash windows at Rose Cottage.

Picture 7.21 Casement windows on Church Street

Picture 7.19 Late nineteenth/early twentieth century windows on Innsbruck

Picture 7.22 Casement windows below a slate drip mould on the southern facade of St Olaf’s Cottage

Picture 7.20 A fine example of a ten over ten pane sash window on Rose Cottage

Many of the cottages have casement windows including Rose Cottage, Moor Cottages, 1-3 Church Street, St Olaf’s Cottage and Burshill Cottage. Whilst casements can also be found at Burshill Manor and a three light arrangement at Church House.

Picture 7.23 Three light casement windows on Church House

20 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal There are a number of interesting architectural window treatments including round headed tripartite windows on the former stables to St Nectan’s and segmental headed windows on St Nectan’s itself. Marland House has a stair window with stained margin glass and there are small round windows on the house on Bow Lane and its adjacent former garage.

Early windows include the transommed windows with leaded panes at Burshill Manor, and the stone mullions and stone voussoirs and hood moulds above twenty four pane hornless sash windows at Pudners.

Picture 7.25 Nineteenth century lattice windows on the southern facade of Pudners Cottage

Raking half-dormer windows can be found on the eastern elevation of Escallonia Cottage and on St Olaf’s Cottage.

Picture 7.24 Twenty four pane hornless sash windows beneath stone voussoirs and hood moulds Picture 7.26 Raking half dormer on the rear Later versions of early window styles elevation of Escallonia Cottage include the early twentieth century Arts and Crafts style brick mullion windows at Reeds and the mid nineteenth century lattice glazing bars at Pudners Cottage.

21 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal Doors –

Adding to the good quality of the village is the high survival of historic doors. These include panel doors on some of the higher status buildings such as the six panel and two window lights on Marland House, the panel door with two top lights on Kimberley House and Woodbine Cottage, the panel door with rectangular fanlight on Church House, and the nine panel entance door to Pudners.

Picture 7.28 Panel door with rectangular fanlight on Church House

St Nectan’s has a round headed doorway with decorative keystone and a four panel plain fanlight door below. At Burshill Manor there is a surviving eighteenth century half-glazed panel door.

In addition to these handsome statements there are a number of charming plank doors surviving in the village at Moor Cottages, the former school, and the outbuildings to Picture 7.27 Panel front door with top light – Burshill Cottage. Woodbine Cottage

22 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal Pudners, Pudners Cottage, Burshill Cottage and Mandalay.

Picture 7.29 Simple plank door beneath a Tudor arch doorway

Picture 7.31 Kimberley House has a slate roofed door canopy typical of the village but with an additional ornately carved namepost.

Picture 7.30 Plank doors on the outbuilding adjacent to Burshill Cottage

Other features – Picture 7.32 Shared slate door canopies on Burshill Door canopies with slate roofs are a Cottage and Mandalay feature of the village and examples can be found on Rose Cottage, St Olaf’s cottage has carved stone drip Kimberley House, Moor Cottages, moulds and there are slate drip ledges on Pudners.

23 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal The remnants of the original wooden former school, St Nectans, The shopfront can still be seen on the Meadows. southern elevation of the post office. Escallonia Cottage has carved wooden bargeboards

Local and traditional building materials

Slatestone – The majority of buildings in the village are constructed from local slatestone. Some are built entirely from slatestone, others have brick or granite dressings and some are a combination of slatestone and cob. The majority of building walls in the village have been rendered or Picture 7.34 Constructed from slatestone with cream painted, but there are a significant number brick dressings. Marland House is in-filled with red of slatestone walls that have been left brick on its northern elevation possibly where a former chimney stack was sited. withouth finishes. These can be found on outbuildings and higher status domestic Slatestone and cob buildings – Burshill buildings. Cottage, Mandalay, Easterley Cottage and Burshill Manor. Slatestone buildings with granite/stone dressings– Marland House, Escallonia Cottage, Church House,

Picture 7.35 Burshill Manor is constructed from a combination of local slatestone and cob

Picture 7.33 Church House has slatestone walls Slatestone buildings without finishes with granite dressings – Bay Tree Farm, The Rowans, Pudners, The Vicarage, St Nectan’s Slatestone buildings with brick Stables dressings – converted barn behind Bay tree Farm, outbuildings to the south of Bay Tree Farm, Marland House, Kimberley House, Myrtle Cottage, the

24 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal The Church is built mainly from slatestone both in the form of random rubblestone and stone brought to course. It has both granite and greenstone dressings and internally Caen stone has been used.

There are a number of early stone chimney stacks still surviving in the village including the slatestone chimney stacks with slate drip moulds on Easterly Cottage, Bay Tree Farm, the Preston Gate Inn and the dressed stone chimney on Pudners. At Burshill Manor there is a stone chimney with shaped brick chimney stack.

Picture 7.37 Stone chimney stack with slate drip moulds on the Preston Gate Inn

Picture 7.36 Stone chimney stack on Bay Tree Farm Picture 7.38 Dressed stone chimney stacks on Pudners

25 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal Picture 7.40 Decorative brick work on the chimney to Rose Cottage

Slate – The majority of buildings in the village have slate roofs.

Picture 7.39 Massive stone chimney stack at Burshill Manor

Brick – Brick is mainly used throughout the village for quoins, and window and door surrounds. The majority of chimneys are constructed from brick and there are a number of quite decorative examples including Reeds, the house on Bow Lane and Rose Cottage. There is however one Picture 7.41 Early twentieth century local slate roof notable examples of an entirely brick built on the Village Hall historic building in the village – the Methodist Chapel, built from red brick with Slate was widely available locally from the cream brick window surrounds and plat cliffside quarries and from the large quarry band. at Delabole to the south. Consequently the majority of buildings in the village have local slate roofs, although the positioning of the windows near to the eaves on some of the earlier cottages suggest they might originally have been thatched.

26 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal March 2010 Poughill Conservation Area Appraisal