International Journal of Research and Review Vol.7; Issue: 12; December 2020 Website: www.ijrrjournal.com Review Article E-ISSN: 2349-9788; P-ISSN: 2454-2237

A Brief Review of Gandhaka Mentioned in Tarangini

Anjana. C.S

Ayurveda Physician, Guruvayoor, Kerala, India.

ABSTRACT Tarangini was written in the 20th century and is well known for its practical Sulphur which is commonly known as approach to various aspects of Rasa Gandhaka in literature is extensively and Rasa chikitsa. The chapters used in therapeutics. The purified Gandhaka can of the text are known as Taranga. be administered as a single drug with proper Gandhaka is explained in 8th Taranga. In adjuvant. Such preparations are known as Gandhaka kalpa. In this study, a detailed this article, I tried to review the different literary review of Rasa Tarangini was done to Gandhaka kalpas explained in Rasa understand different Gandhaka kalpa. The Tarangini. treatise Rasa Tarangini was written in the 20th century and is well known for its practical METHODOLOGY approach to various aspects of Rasa Shastra and A detailed literary review of the Rasa chikitsa. Ten Gandhaka kalpas are eighth Taranga of Rasa Tarangini was explained in the eighth Taranga of Rasa done to understand ten different kalpas of Tarangini. Method of preparation, Gandhaka. administration of Kalpa, and the pathya apathyas are described in this article. RESULTS

Keywords: Rasa Tarangini, Gandhaka, Ten Gandhaka kalpas are Gandhaka kalpa, Rasayana explained in the eighth Taranga of Rasa Tarangini. Method of preparation INTRODUCTION administration of Gandhaka kalpa and the Sulphur is known as Gandhaka in pathya apathyas are given below. Ayurveda literature(1). It is known for its wide range of therapeutic efficacy. It is Gandhaka kalpa-I the first mineral in uparasa. It is having a Fine powder of purified Gandhaka peculiar smell hence the name Gandhaka is taken and then it is mixed with an equal (2). Gandhaka is an integral part of various quantity of Triphala churna (Fine powder herbo-mineral medicines used in of triphala). Mix the powders until it therapeutics. The purified Gandhaka can becomes a homogenous mixture. Three be administered as a single drug with grams of this powder is administered to proper adjuvant. Such preparations are the patient along with Bhringaraja known as Gandhaka kalpa. In Ayurveda, svarasa (extract of Eclipta Alba) ghee and Kalpa chikitsa is prescribed for honey. This kalpa can be administered revitalization and overall improvement of alternately, ie. The mixture of Gandhaka health(3). The method of preparation of churna and Triphala churna is triturated Gandhaka kalpa and its judicious with Bringaraja svarasa for three hours administration has been detailed by and it is dried well and stored in an Sadananda Sarma in his treatise airtight container. While administering to Rasa Tarangini. The treatise Rasa the patient three grams of this powder is

International Journal of Research and Review (ijrrjournal.com) 162 Vol.7; Issue: 12; December 2020 Anjana. C.S. A brief review of gandhaka kalpa mentioned in rasa tarangini. given along with ghee and honey. The will alleviate skin disorders and enhance duration of this kalpa is three months. It is the luster of the skin (7). prescribed for chronic ailments. Judicious use of this kalpa is good for eyesight. Gandhaka kalpa-5 Special pathya is also mentioned for this Fine powder of purified Gandhaka kalpa. Milk added with sugar, Shashtika is taken. It is mixed with equal quantities rice, and any virya dravya are of Pippali churna and Haritaki churna. prescribed during the kalpa kala (4). Two grams of this homogenous mixture is taken along with ghee and honey for 90 Gandhaka kalpa-2 days. This kalpa has to be taken before Fine powder of purified Gandhaka food. There are no dietary restrictions is taken and then it is mixed with an equal during the administration of this quantity of Amalaki churna (fine powder Gandhaka kalpa. This kalpa help to of Emblica Officinale). This homogenous enhance the radiance of the body. There mixture is triturated with Amalaki svarasa will be a considerable improvement in (fruit extract of Amalaki) seven times and physical strength, valor, and eyesight (8). dried under shade. This powder is then triturated with Salmali svarasa (root Gandhaka kalpa-6 extract/decoction or flower extract) seven Gandhaka which is purified in Tila times and dried under shade. The dry taila is taken and powdered. 500 powder obtained is stored in an airtight milligrams of this powder is taken along container. One gram of this powder is with honey. The duration of this kalpa is given to the patient along with an equal not given in the verses. This kalpa is quantity of sugar and honey. A glass of prescribed for 11 types of kshudra kushta. milk is taken after taking kalpa. This Along with this kalpa another compound kalpa has to be continued for 30 months. is also mention for lepa (topical This kalpa will bring back strong virility formulation) over the skin. This lepa is even for an aged person (5). prepared by taking an equal quantity of Gandhaka churna and Maricha churna. Gandhaka kalpa-3 To this Tila taila (sesame oil) or Sarshapa This is a simple version of taila (mustard oil) is added and triturated. Gandhaka kalpa. 500 milligrams of fine Using Apamarga svarasa (juice of purified Gandhaka powder is taken along Achyranthes aspera) this mixture is with lukewarm milk for one month. It will applied all over the body or on the skin enhance virility. If this kalpa is taken for lesions. After the lepa got completely 6 months, the person will have sharp dried wash out the lepa with medicated eyesight (divyadrishti) and flawless skin. water (water boiled with Khadira, The radiance will enhance and skin will Haridra, Asana, Nimba etc). This kalpa have a golden yellow colour (6). has to be administered for 14 days to cure all kinds of kshudra kushta (9). Gandhaka kalpa-4 This is also a simple version of Gandhaka kalpa-7 Gandhaka kalpa. 500 milligrams of fine Fine powder of purified Gandhaka Gandhaka churna is administered along is taken and it is triturated with milk for with Tila taila (sesame oil) or sarshapa three bhavana. This powder is again taila(mustard oil). A glass of hot water has triturated with the following liquid to be taken after the intake of kalpa. The mediums. Triphala Kashaya (decoction of duration of this kalpa is 21 days. This Triphala), Chathurjatha Kashaya kalpa is indicated for skin diseases like {decoction of Twak: Cinnamomum pama and other kushta(skin) diseases. It zeylanicum, Pathra: Cinnamomum

International Journal of Research and Review (ijrrjournal.com) 163 Vol.7; Issue: 12; December 2020 Anjana. C.S. A brief review of gandhaka kalpa mentioned in rasa tarangini. tamala, Ela: Elettaria cardamomum, Guggulu is added and triturated with Nagakesara: Mesua ferrea), Guduchi Triphala Kashaya (decoction of svarasa (Tinospora cordifolia), Triphala). When the mixture becomes dry Bhringaraja svarasa, Ardraka svarasa a little amount of Eranda taila (castor oil) (Zingiber Officinale), after the eighth is added to this mixture and pounded well bhavana process, the Gandhaka is dried to make it into a smooth homogenous well and stored in an airtight container. mixture. It is then rolled into pills of 125 One gram of his kalpa has to be milligrams. One pill of this kalpa has to administered with an equal quantity of be administered twice daily to get the sugar. This kalpa is prescribed for 30 desired effect of the kalpa. The duration days. Some dietary restrictions are of this kalpa is one month. The kalpa is mentioned for this kalpa. Avoid eating prescribed for chronic vata, pitta, kapha food that has kshara, amla, and lavana disorders. By judicious administration of taste. Avoid taking dvidala dhanya this kalpa the person will attain sharp (pulses) and vegetables. The person eyesight like Garuda (Eagle), physical should also avoid anger, stress, and sex strength like Bheema (a mythological during the kalpa (10). character of Mahabharatha). The person will have a strong body like vajra Gandhaka kalpa-8 (diamond). By Vajra like body Acharya Fine powder of purified Gandhaka indicates that the person will have an churna is taken and it is triturated with immune and strong body (12). Bringa raja svarasa. The bhavana has to be repeated 2 more times. An equal Gandhaka kalpa-10 amount of Haritaki churna is added to it An equal quantity of purified and mixeded well. On administration, Gandhaka churna, Triphala churna, and ghee and honey are added to one gram of Bringaraja churna is taken and mixed to the mixture. The kalpa has to be obtain a homogenous mixture. Two grams continued for two months to get strong of this powder is administered with a virility and physical strength even for an suitable adjuvant. The duration of this aged person. During the period of kalpa kalpa is one to six months. If the kalpa is one has to take wholesome food in less administered daily for one month the quantity (11). person will get sharp eyesight and a strong body like vajra. If the person Gandhaka kalpa-9 continued to take the kalpa for six months Fine powder of purified Gandhaka it will cure palithya (graying of hair) and is taken in a khalwa yanthra (mortar and vali roga (wrinkles of the skin) (13). pestle) equal quantity of purified mercury The ingredients, adjuvant, dose, is added to this and triturated until we get duration, and therapeutic potential of ten jet black colored kajjali. To this equal Gandhaka kalpa is given in table no.1 quantity of Triphala churna and purified

Table no.1 Ten Gandhaka Kalpa of Rasa Tarangini Duration of Therapeutic Kalpa Ingredients Anupana Dose kalpa application 1.Purified sulphur powder – 1 part 1.Extract of the whole 2.Fine powder of equal quantity of 1.Chronic ailments plant of Eclipta Alba ½ masha I Terminalia chebula, 3 months 2.sharpens the 2.Ghee (500mg) Terminalia bellarica, Phyllanthus eyesight 3.Honey Emblica- 1 part 1.Sugar 1.Purified sulphur- 1 part Increased sexual II 2.honey 30 months 2.fine powder of Phyllanthus Emblica virility 3.milk ½ masha III Purified sulphur powder Luke warm Milk (500mg) 30 days Increased virility

International Journal of Research and Review (ijrrjournal.com) 164 Vol.7; Issue: 12; December 2020 Anjana. C.S. A brief review of gandhaka kalpa mentioned in rasa tarangini.

Skin diseases like Sesame oil/ mustard oil ½ masha IV Purified sulphur powder 21 days Pama (500mg)

1. Purified sulphur powder-1 part 2. fine Powder of Piper longum – ½ Increased virility 1.ghee 2 masha V part 90days Healthy skin 2.Honey (2g) 3.Fine powder of Terminalia Chebula Divyadrishti – ½ part ½ masha 11 types of Purified sulphur powder 1.Honey (500mg) kshudra kushta Lepa kalpa VI 1. Purified sulphur powder – 1 part Juice of Achyranthes E/A 14 days Kshudra kushta 2. Fine powder of Piper Nigrum – 1 Aspera part Prameha Siro roga 1 masha Soola Purified sulphur powder 1.Sugar 30 days VII (1g) Kushta Kshaya Koshta roga 1. Purified sulphur powder- 1 part 1.Ghee 1 masha Rejuvenation and VIII 2. Fine powder of Terminalia Chebula 2.Honey 60 days (1g) Increased virility – 1 part Gulika kalpa 1. Purified sulphur powder- 1 part Kaphaja roga 2. Purified Mercury- 1 part 1 ratti Vataja roga IX 3.Commiphora wightii- 1 part Suitable adjuvant 30 days (125mg) Pittaja roga 4. Fine powder of equal quantity of

Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellarica, Phyllanthus Emblica- 1 part 1. Purified sulphur powder 2. Fine powder of equal quantity of Improves the X Terminalia chebula, Terminalia Suitable adjuvant - 30days eyesight bellarica, Phyllanthus Emblica- 1 part 3. Fine powder of Eclipta alba.

DISCUSSION gastrointestinal tract. It is ati rasayana The medicine which nourishes all (rejuvenates the body). The rasayana the seven Rasadi Dhathu is known property enhances with the addition of Rasayana. It also has a great influence on proper adjuvant of higher therapeutic the mind. It helps to delay aging, improve value. Therapeutically gandhaka is mental faculties, and develop immunity. effective in various types of kushta (skin Naimittika Rasayana is a type of Rasayana diseases), kandu, visarpa, krimi, and also therapy utilized for specific curative in visha. It improves the appetite and purposes. It fastens the recovery from normalizes the metabolism of the body prevailing diseases (14). These Kalpa cannot (16). be prescribed without proper supervision. In the first and the last Kalpa, Kalpa therapy is an intense course of Triphala churna is given along with therapy that will follow a strict dietary Gandhaka churna. Triphala is a well- and lifestyle regimen during and after the recognized Ayurvedic medicine Kalpa kala. Though the ten therapeutic consisting of fruits of the plant species applications explained here are named Emblica Officinale (Amalaki), Terminalia here as kalpa, the dose of these kalpas is bellerica (Bibhitaki), and Terminalia kept constant throughout kalpa kala. A chebula (Haritaki). Several studies have reference of Gandhaka kalpa is also proven that Triphala has many potential available in Basavarajeeyam text which is uses. Apart from the laxative action of it a formulation of Gandhaka used for all has hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, types of kushta (15). antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune- Gandhaka has madhura rasa modulating, and anticancerous activity (sweet taste) and katu vipaka. By its (17). The other herb is Bhringa raja ushna virya it pacifies ama in the (Eclipta Alba). Which is a well-known

International Journal of Research and Review (ijrrjournal.com) 165 Vol.7; Issue: 12; December 2020 Anjana. C.S. A brief review of gandhaka kalpa mentioned in rasa tarangini. herb for hair growth. The oil processed CONCLUSION with the extract of Bhringa raja is applied In Ayurveda, chikitsa (treatment) is over the scalp for healthy hair. Apart from categorized into two. The first one is the keshya property, intake of Bhringa prescribed for the svasta (healthy person) to raja churna is varnya (improves skin maintain his/her mental and physical complexion) drishti vardhaka (improves strength, which is the preventive aspect of eyesight), improves the appetite. It is the treatment. The second type of treatment beneficial in chronic skin diseases chronic is for curative purposes. Rasayana comes wounds, skin ulcers, atopic dermatitis under preventive therapy. The word (eczema) (18). Rasayana means the ways (Ayana) for In the second Kalpa, Gandhaka attaining excellent Rasadi Dhatus(24). churna is given along with Amalaki churna Rasayana chikista can be done in different i.e. Dry powder of Amalaki fruit. Several methods. Kalpa chikitsa is one among the studies have proven that Amalaki fruit is rasayana chikitsa. analgesic, anti-tussive, cardioprotective, gastroprotective, neuroprotective and REFERENCES anticancer, immune-modulatory, anti- 1. Dr.Jain Kumar Pradeep DGPV. Introduction oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties and pharmaceutical study of gandhaka (19). (sulphur). Int Ayurvedic Med J. 2016;4(7): Pama is a tridoshaja roga with a 1181–5. 2. Prasada Vasu Varada; Sabdakalpadrumam. predominance of pitta and kapha. Clinical Vasu H, editor. Chaukhambha study have revealed that 95% of itching and Surabharathi Prakasan; 301 p. oozing of pama can be cured with this 3. Singh NK, Singh RH. The Kalpa Method Of kalpa. Katu vipaka and ushna virya of Therapy In Chronic Diseases. Vol. IX, Gandhaka helps to alleviate kapha and Ancient Science of Life. 1989. madhura rasa alleviate pitta (20). Gandhaka 4. Sadananda S. Rasa Tarangini. First edit. Rasayana is extensively used in the Chaukhambha Surbharathi Prakashan; 2015. treatment of various skin and gastro- 128 p. intestinal disorders and in treating chronic 5. Sadananda S. Rasa Tarangini. First Edit. non-healing wounds. For repairing or Chaukhambha Surbharathi Prakashan; 2015. rejuvenating cellular functions, gandhaka 128 p. 6. Sadananda S. Rasa Tarangini. First Edit. rasayana plays a significant role (21). Chaukhambha Surbharathi Prakashan; 2015. Generally gandhaka churna is effective in 128 p. treating various types of skin diseases. 7. Sadananda S. Rasa Tarangini. First Edit. Clinical study has proven the result of Chaukhambha Surbharathi Prakashan; 2015. (22) Gandhaka Rasayana in psoriasis . 128 p. Gandhaka kalpa containing 8. Sadananda S. Rasa Tarangini. First Edit. Guggulu, Kajjali, and Triphala churna is Chaukhambha Surbharathi Prakashan; 2015. administered in the form of gutika (pill). 129 p. Rasa of Guggulu is tiktha and katu. It is 9. Sadananda S. Rasa Tarangini. First Edit. trodosha hara and indicated for sthaulya, Chaukhambha Surbharathi Prakashan; 2015. amavata, vatavyadhi, sodha and kushta. 129 p. 10. Sadananda S. Rasa Tarangini. First Edit. Guggulu is a resin that is used in Ayurvedic Chaukhambha Surbharathi Prakashan; 2015. medicine for joint care and immune care. It 129 p. has strong immunomodulatory properties as 11. Sadananda S. Rasa Tarangini. First Edit. it helps to increase the count of white blood Chaukhambha Surbharathi Prakashan; 2015. cells. As an adjuvant with other drugs, it has 130 p. proven remarkable results on therapeutics 12. Sadananda S. Rasa Tarangini. First Edit. (23). Chaukhambha Surbharathi Prakashan; 2015. 130 p.

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International Journal of Research and Review (ijrrjournal.com) 167 Vol.7; Issue: 12; December 2020