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English Military Review November-December 2018 Allgeyer THE PROFESSIONAL JOURNAL OF THE U.S. ARMY NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2018 Partnerships and Complexities in Africa Kuhlman, p6 Hidden Paterns of Tought in War Schwandt, p18 Using “Stryker” in Doctrine Allgeyer, p30 Space-Land Batle Brown, p120 THE PROFESSIONAL JOURNAL OF THE U.S. ARMY November-December 2018, Vol. 98, No. 6 Professional Bulletin 100-18-11/12 Authentication no.1829106 Commander, USACAC; Commandant, CGSC; DCG for Combined Arms, TRADOC: Lt. Gen. Michael D. Lundy, U.S. Army Provost, Army University, CGSC: Brig. Gen. Scot L. Efandt, U.S. Army Director and Editor in Chief: Col. Katherine P. Gutormsen, U.S. Army Managing Editor: William M. Darley, Col., U.S. Army (Ret.) Editorial Assistant: Linda Darnell Operations Ofcer: Maj. David B. Rousseau, U.S. Army Senior Editor: Jefrey Buczkowski, Lt. Col., U.S. Army (Ret.) Writing and Editing: Beth Warrington; Crystal Bradshaw-Gonzalez, contractor Graphic Design: Arin Burgess Cover photo: Soldiers from the 1st Batalion, 124th Infantry Regi- Webmasters: Michael Serravo; James Crandell, contractor Editorial Board Members: Command Sgt. Maj. Eric C. Dostie—Army University; ment, assigned to Combined Joint Task Force-Horn of Africa, make Col. Rich Creed—Director, Combined Arms Doctrine Directorate; Dr. Robert their way across a portion of the mountain obstacle course 10 Octo- Baumann—Director, CGSC Graduate Program; Dr. Lester W. Grau—Director of ber 2016 as part of the fnal day of the French Marines Desert Surviv- Research, Foreign Military Studies Ofce; John Pennington—Chief, Publishing al Course at Arta Plage, Djibouti. As part of the course, the soldiers Division, Center for Army Lessons Learned; Col. Dawn Hilton—Director, and French marines completed training in desert operations, combat Center for Army Leadership; Tomas Jordan—Deputy Director, MCCoE; Mike lifesaving skills, weapons, survival cooking, and water decontamina- Johnson—Deputy, Combined Arms Center- Training; Col. Geofrey Catlet— tion, and they completed both the water and the mountain obstacle Director, Center for the Army Profession and Ethic; Richard J. Dixon—Deputy courses. (Photo by Staf Sgt. Tifany DeNault, U.S. Air Force) Director, School of Advanced Military Studies Consulting Editors: Col. Alessandro Visacro—Brazilian Army, Brazilian Edition; Next page: Soldiers set of on a foot patrol 4 September 2018 afer Lt. Col. Carlos Eduardo Ossess Seguel—Chilean Army, Hispano-American Edition disembarking from a UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter in Afghanistan. Submit manuscripts and queries by email to usarmy.leavenworth.tradoc.mbx. (Photo by Senior Airman Christine Groening, U.S. Air Force) [email protected]; visit our webpage for author submission guide - lines at htps://www.armyupress.army.mil/Publish-With-Us/#mr-submissions. Military Review presents professional information, but the views expressed herein are those of the authors, not the Department of Defense or its elements. Te content does not necessarily refect the ofcial U.S. Army position and does not change or supersede any information in other ofcial U.S. Army publications. Authors are responsible for the accuracy and source documentation of material they provide. Military Review reserves the right to edit material. A limited number of hard copies are available for distribution to headquarters elements of major commands, corps, divisions, brigades, batalions, major staf agencies, garrison commands, Army schools, reserve commands, cadet command organizations, medical commands, hospitals, and other units as designated. Information on subscriptions may be obtained by consulting Military Review, which is available online at htps://www.armyupress.army.mil/Military-Review/. Military Review (US ISSN 0026-4148) (USPS 123-830) is published bimonthly by the Department of the Army, Army University Press, Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027- 1293. Periodical postage paid at Leavenworth, KS, and additional mailing ofces. Yearly paid subscriptions are for $42 US/APO/FPO and $58.80 for foreign addresses and are available through the U.S. Government Publishing Ofce at htps://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/military-review-professional-journal-unit- ed-states-army. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Military Review, Army University Press, 290 Stimson Ave., Unit 1, Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-1293. Te Secretary of the Army has determined that the publication of this periodical is necessary in the transaction of the public business as required by law of the department. Funds for printing this publication were approved by the Secretary of the Army in accordance with the provisions of Army Regulation 25-30. Mark A. Milley— General, United States Army Chief of Staf Ofcial: Gerald B. O’Keefe —Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army WINNERS! 2018 General William E. DePuy Special Topics Writing Competition Te 2018 theme was “World Hot Spots: Which of the world’s hot spots is the Army least prepared for? Should resources be diverted to prepare for them? What is the most efcient way to become ready for confict in this region?” 1st Place UY C EP ON D T 8 E 1 S 0 T Maj. Mathew Kuhlman, U.S. Army 2 “Strengthening Partnerships to Face the Honorable Mentions Complexities of Africa” Maj. Amos Fox, U.S. Army “Time, Power, and Principal- Agent Problems: Why the 2nd Place U.S. Army is Ill-Suited for UY C EP ON D T 8 E 1 S Proxy Warfare Hotspots” 0 T Col. Eugenia Guilmartin, PhD, U.S. Army 2 “No ‘Ordinary Crimes’: An Alternative Approach to Jose Delgado Securing Hotspots and Dense Urban Areas” “Venezuela-A 'Black Swan' Hot Spot: Is a Potential Operation in Venezuela Comparable to Operation PUY CO E N 3rd Place Just Cause in Panama?” D T 8 E 1 S 0 T 2 Lt. Col. Erik Claessen, Belgian Army “Waging Wars Where War Feeds Itself” For updates and information on the DePuy writing competition, please visit htps://www.armyupress.army.mil/DePuy-Writing-Competition/. Suggested Temes and Topics • Futures Command • Saudi Arabia and Iran: How are cultural chang- es in both societies afecting the operational What nations consider themselves to be at war • environment and potential for confict be- or in confict with the United States? Nonstate tween them? actors? How are they conducting war, and what does this mean for the Army? • Iran: What should the U.S. military do to pre- pare for and promote normalization? • What operational and logistical challenges are foreseen due to infrastructure limitations in po- • Case study: How does Japan's efort to es- tential foreign areas of operation and how can tablish the "Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity we mitigate them? Sphere" compare with current Chinese eforts to expand control over the South China Sea? • What lessons did we learn during recent hurri- cane relief operations? • Are changes demanded to the profession- al development models of the ofcer and What is the role of the military in protecting • NCO structure in the face of large scale natural resources? combat operations and increased readiness requirements? • What lessons have we learned from U.S. coun- terinsurgent military assistance in Africa? • What is the correlation between multi-domain operations and large-scale combat operations? • What are the security threats, concerns, and events resulting from illegal immigration into How should this impact the Army’s training, Europe? readiness, and doctrine? • What material solutions are required to fulfll racial considerations and how can those impacts the Army's unifed land operations obligations be mitigated? in large-scale combat operations? • Case study: How is gender integration changing • What is needlessly duplicated in the Army (e.g., the Army and how it operates? what should be done away with, how should the Army adjust, and how would it beneft)? • Case study: How does tactical-level military governance during occupation following • What must be done to adjust junior leader World War II and Operation Iraqi Freedom development to a modern operational compare? environment? Afer eighteen years of institutional/operational What must we do to develop a more efective • • experience largely focused on counterinsurgen- means of developing and maintaining institu- cy, how do we return to preparing for large- tional memory in order to deal with emerging scale combat operations (LSCO)? challenges? – See/understand/seize feeting opportunities? What is the role for the Army in homeland • – Develop the situation in contact and chaos? security operations? What must the Army be – Ofset “one-of” dependencies and contested prepared for? domains? – Rapidly exploit positions of advantage? • Case studies: How do we properly integrate – Survive in hyperlethal engagements? emerging technology? – Continuously present multiple dilemmas • What are the potential adverse impacts on to the enemy? military standards due to factors associated with – Decide and act at speed? poor integration of new cultures, ethnicities, or – Fully realize mission command? Strykers and military support vehicles belonging to the 3rd Squadron, 2nd Cavalry Regiment (2CR), stage for departure 18 June 2018 in Sochazcew, Poland. 2CR conducted a tacti - cal road march from Lithuania to Germany afer Saber Strike 18 concluded. (Photo by 1st Lt. Ellen Brabo, U.S. Army) TABLE OF CONTENTS 6 Strengthening Partnerships to 37 A History of Operational Art Face the Complexities of Africa Lt. Col. Wilson C. Blythe Jr., U.S. Army Maj. Mat Kuhlman, U.S. Army Te author discusses the development of the concept of op- In this winning entry of the 2018 DePuy writing contest, the erational art in the Soviet Union, its eventual adoption by author describes the need to develop and strengthen part- the U.S. Army, and contemporary debates about the utility nerships with regional allies to overcome the challenges of of operational art. operating in Africa. 50 Te Cubazuela Problem 18 Uncovering Hidden Paterns Lt. Col. Geof Demarest, JD, PhD, U.S. Army, Retired of Tought in War Cuban “Bolivarian” has signifcantly infuenced the conditions in Wei-Chi versus Chess Venezuela. According to this Ibero-American expert, the impu- nity enjoyed by leaders of the Communist Party of Cuba and Maj.
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