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Nou Bouke Viv Anba Tant BRIEFING Number 68 l November 2011 www.haitisupportgroup.org “We are people not animals!” Women living in IDP camps protest outside the Ministry of Social Affairs, on World Habitat Day, October 3. “We call on the NGOs to stop building transitional shelters and invest that money in a government-run social housing programme,” says Reyneld Sanon, co-ordinator of FRAKKA, the leading Haitian housing rights coalition. Photo Credit: Alexis Ekert, Otherworlds, www.otherworldsarepossible.org “We’re fed up of living in tents!” Nou Bouke Viv Anba Tant he sit-in that blocked the NGOs or donors, the crowd Committed Funding: That parlia- vate donors and NGOs must con- road in front of the Ministry blocked entry through the Min- ment pass legislation assigning ded- form. Tof Social Affairs on World istry’s metal gate until a letter out- icated funds on an annual basis for These key demands strike at the Habitat Day was peaceful but noisy. lining their demands had been de- a substantive social housing pro- core of what has gone wrong to “We are people not animals!” “Get livered. “What’s happening now is gramme date. One, a lack of prioritization us out of these pigeon cages!” totally unacceptable,” said econo- Housing Office: The revitalization of popular, social housing post- “Public housing authority now!” mist Camille Chalmers. “We need of the public housing authority, (the earthquake; two, a lack of consul- chanted the mostly female crowd. a national social housing plan un- Entreprise Publique de Promotion tation and inclusion of the home- All members of the Housing Rights der the Ministry of Social Affairs,” des Logements Sociaux or EPPLS), less themselves in any planning; Coalition, drawn from more than 30 insisted another leader, Antonal the agency charged with planning, three, lack of government control IDP camps that are still home for the Mortimé. building and administering social of housing funds and plans; four, the estimated 595,000 people still liv- The demands in the letter reiter- housing absence of a national housing plan ing in the mud of another Haitian ated those raised in a meeting with Parliamentary Investigation: A as the basis for reconstruction; rainy season, they insisted on being the Haitian Senate’s Sub-Commit- detailed accounting of how the five, the effective privatization of heard. “We’re fed up of living in tee for Social Affairs on September huge reconstruction sums already what house building there is by for- tents!” proclaimed their banner. 6. They include: assigned to housing are being spent eign NGOs. All that has added up Complaining that the continued A Senate Housing Committee: The National Housing Plan: That the to one thing: a lack of results. construction of temporary housing creation of a Senate committee on Haitian State take effective control The facts are stark. To date the was a waste of time, that a national housing with camp residents pro- of reconstruction and housing by only real housing program has plan for permanent housing should viding regular evidence and ex- consulting on and agreeing a Na- be developed by government not pertise tional Housing Plan to which all pri- continued on page 2 ‰ Crimes, conflict, and cholera MINUSTAH – stabilising the status quo n July 28, 2011, an eighteen year-old Haitian youth was gang- that, were heavily-armed troops in full battle-gear and armoured As the disease spread, reaching the capital and crossing the border raped in the small southern town of Port-Salut by Uruguayan personnel carriers not patrolling the streets, Haiti would degenerate into the Dominican Republic, so did the anger at the UN’s refusal to Osoldiers belonging to the United Nations Stabilization Mission into a bloodbath – that criminal gangs would rule the streets. mount a serious investigation into the source of the outbreak. At one in Haiti (MINUSTAH). The assault was filmed on a cell phone. The Yet it soon became clear that MINUSTAH’s overriding mission was protest in Cap-Haïtien in November 2010, MINUSTAH troops fired on president of Uruguay, José Mujica apologized, calling it an “isolated not peace but politics, that it’s broad brush definition of “bandits” and protestors, killing three and wounding scores. A year on, two scientific incident.” Not quite. On August 18, 2010, a sixteen-year old boy was armed groups known as “chimères,” included anyone suspected of studies have provided incontrovertible evidence that the Nepalese found hanged in a MINUSTAH compound in the northern city of Cap- being sympathetic to Aristide’s Fanmi Lavalas party. That meant soldiers were the source of the outbreak. The UN, however, still refuses Haïtien. Despite eye-witness accounts and medical evidence suggesting predominantly the poor, and, in particular, the poorest of the poor to accept responsibility, let alone liability. he was murdered, MINUSTAH officials insisted he had committed living in neighbourhoods like Bel Air, Martissant and Cité Soleil. In Be that as it may, the renewal of the MINUSTAH mandate was a suicide. essence, MINUSTAH was not in Haiti to protect Haitians but to protect foregone conclusion. With all those “reconstruction” contracts to Far from being aberrations, the suborning, sexual exploitation and the socio-economic status quo, a status quo already reinforced by the protect, and new assembly plants in the Free Trade Zones to police, rape of Haitians by MINUSTAH forces have actually become the norm. ouster of the elected government. Washington and its allies will need MINUSTAH for a good while yet. n In one instance, in November 2007, 11 Sri Lankan soldiers were sent In a cable dated October 1, 2008 published by Wikileaks, then US home for involvement in the systematic sexual abuse of young women Ambassador, Janet Sanderson, made all this very clear. MINUSTAH’s and minors. To many Haitians, increasing numbers of whom have prime function was to suppress “populist and anti-market economy taken to the streets to protest, a UN force deployed in one of the world’s political forces” she asserted. Some international human rights poorest states at an annual cost of more than $850m, is increasingly organizations have estimated that three to four thousand “bandits” – behaving like a victorious army in conquered territory, viewing the including hundreds of women and children – were “neutralised” by the Haitians they are mandated to protect as spoils of war. de facto regime that succeeded President Aristide in partnership with All allegations against UN troops are, effectively, “case closed.” Not MINUSTAH. that there was ever, in any such “incident,” an actual case to answer. On more than one occasion, but most notoriously in the July 2005 Under the Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) governing their assault on Cité Soleil, MINUSTAH deployed armour and helicopter deployment, MINUSTAH personnel are totally immune to prosecution gunships in punitive raids against the occupants of flimsy shacks – the in Haiti, even for crimes committed outside their official capacity. The ultimate, quite literally, in overkill. Such operations are not cheap, but seven-year presence of MINUSTAH is in fact punctuated with such Ambassador Sanderson regarded it as a snip: “a financial and regional egregious human rights abuses, making it clear that, far from keeping security bargain for the USG [United States Government]” the peace in Haiti, MINUSTAH is simply one of its principal violators. MINUSTAH was first deployed on June 1, 2004, three months after Lame Okipasyon: Opposition Grows the ouster of the democratically-elected President Jean-Bertrand Little wonder, then, that popular opposition to what Haitians term lame Aristide. From the outset, the status of the UN force has been of very okipasyon (the occupying army) is becoming increasingly vocal. In dubious constitutionality: its presence was “consented to” by a US- October 2010, the outbreak of cholera provided massive impetus to Civil society organizations protesting the presence of the United Nations Lame Okipasyon, Occupying Army. If it looks like one, acts like one, claims immunity imposed de facto regime. But if its legitimacy is, at the very least, shaky, that opposition. Local people immediately suspected that the source of troops on the 96th anniversary of the 1915 US occupation of Haiti. Protestors like one, then it is one. MINUSTAH troops, using armoured personnel carriers and its purpose could not be clearer. The ostensible justification for the outbreak was a Nepalese MINUSTAH compound on the banks of demand their withdrawal and compensation for the victims of the cholera helicopter gunships against civilians in flimsy shacks. Photo credit: Bill Boyce MINUSTAH is to protect Haitians from themselves – the line being the Artibonite river. epidemic. Photo credit: brikourinouvelgaye.com ‰ from page 1 looking depressingly like the past in (see Haiti Briefing No. 67) are the This, in turn, is a result of the fail- Unlike so many aid experts, It was, and is, pie in the sky. and “community participation.” that two had been completely or been the construction of T-shelters, Haiti. most vulnerable: the poorest, the ure of the government to expro- he’s obviously been talking to What has now emerged – hard- The IHRC liked it so much– or was partially closed.2 The residents of of which 94,879 had been built to sickest, the most un- or underem- priate land for housing – declaring Haitians. “They say we have lead- ly a National Housing Plan or so relieved to see any housing one, Stade Silvio Cator, closed by end-August, with another 113,399 T-Shelter; No Shelter ployed. There’s a reason for that. eminent domain for national need, ers? We don’t…they’ve abandoned something that might become one – plan, having failed to produce one the mayor of Port-au-Prince on July planned. The ‘T’ stands for transi- There is no agreed specification for The vast majority of those getting paying, if necessary, fair market val- us like stray dogs,” Louise Delva is what is known colloquially as themselves for over a year– that in 18, had been relocated to another tional, begging the obvious ques- a T-shelter – one reason it took so T-shelters own cleared land on ue – as it is entitled to do under the of the Regal camp in Petit Goave 6/16.
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