2005 Annual Report DISCLAIMER
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UNITED NATIONS HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PROGRAMME 2005 Annual Report DISCLAIMER The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do notimply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of theUnited Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or ofits authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries or regard-ing its economic system or degree of development. The analysis, conclusions and rec-ommendations of the report do not necessarily reflect the views of the United NationsHuman Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), the Governing Council of UN-HABITAT or its Member States.Excerpts may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source isindicated. ©United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), 2006 UN-HABITAT ANNUAL REPORT 2005 ISBN: 92-1-131735-5 ISBN: 92-1-131736-3 (Series) HS/750/05E Published by:United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) P.O. Box 30030 Nairobi 00100, Kenya E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.unhabitat.org UNITED NATIONS HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PROGRAMME 2005 Annual Report Contents Foreword ............................................................................................2 Responding to the global challenge ...................................................4 Better information for cities ...............................................................9 Promoting Sustainable Urbanization ...............................................14 Operational activities and disaster response ....................................19 Financing for the urban poor ............................................................23 Resources .........................................................................................25 A year of milestones .........................................................................27 Foreword The year 2005 was marked by a number of important events and milestones for UN-HABITAT. It started inauspiciously after the Indian Ocean tsunami disaster of December 2004 that claimed countless thousands of lives. And it ended that way when on 8 October 2005, at the onset of winter, when an earthquake of magnitude 7.6 struck close to Muzaffarabad in Pakistan-administered Kashmir, claiming nearly 75,000 lives and leaving more than 3 million people homeless. Overnight, considerable property was destroyed and entire communities were displaced in natural disasters that may take a decade to repair. UN-HABITAT responded quickly to the humanitarian maintain constructive engagement, and reach an agreement call and as a result is now actively involved with the affected with the Government of Zimbabwe to explore more just communities in Indonesia, Maldives, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and equitable housing and land tenure solutions. and Thailand, helping rebuild homes and livelihoods with The accelerated implementation of the Water and the active participation of those most in need. Sanitation and Slum Upgrading initiatives has spearheaded It was a year in which the agency’s programmes in our response to various General Assembly and Governing post-conflict areas such as in Afghanistan, Iraq, the UN Council resolutions. These called for the strengthening of administered province of Kosovo (Serbia and Montenegro), the Habitat and Human Settlements Foundation. They also and Somalia, remained active. New ground was broken sought expanded working arrangements and partnerships with the Special Human Settlements Programme in with international and domestic finance institutions, the the Palestinian Territories. These and other activities private sector, and local government to improve urban are contributing to furthering UN-HABITAT’s special infrastructure and deliver housing for the urban poor. role in promoting more sustainable reconstruction and Both these initiatives have become effective entry rehabilitation efforts. Much remains to be done. But I points for UN-HABITAT to foster closer working believe we are on the right track to becoming a credible relationships with bilateral and multilateral development actor in providing value added support to more sustainable agencies and to propose, as befitting our role and mandate, post-disaster reconstruction and rehabilitation. new and innovative financial and institutional packages to My mission as the Special Envoy of the Secretary help support the slum upgrading and water and sanitation General to assess the human settlements crisis in targets of the Millennium Declaration. Zimbabwe and the resulting report brought unprecedented It is my intention to leverage our strengths in advocacy, international attention to the problem of forced evictions. research, monitoring and capacity-building to create a It also highlighted UN-HABITAT’s role in the quest solid set of normative building blocks and operational for a rights-based approach to housing, land tenure instruments for financing pro-poor shelter and urban and governance. While the report was highly critical of development. policy failures in Zimbabwe, the practical nature of our My participation in the work of the Commission recommendations has allowed us to remain on the ground, for Africa at the invitation of the Prime Minister of the UN-HABITAT - annuaL REPORt 2005 United Kingdom, Mr. Tony Blair, The recent appointment by also helped us raise the profile of the Secretary-General of Mrs. the plight of the urban poor in Inga Bjork-Klevby as Assistant- Africa and the challenges of rapid Secretary-General and Deputy urbanisation. Executive Director of UN- The year 2005 also saw the HABITAT gives us a new boost convening of the first African of expertise and experience that, Ministerial Conference on I am convinced, will enable us to Housing and Urban Development face these and other challenges (AMCHUD) in Durban, South with renewed vigour, strength and Africa in collaboration with the determination. African Union. It has played an We need new strength enormous role in bringing the and determination because are urbanisation crisis to the forefront still faced with the challenge of of the development debate in inadequate financial resources. This Africa for the first time. Together, limits effective implementation of with preparations for a similar our mission and work programme. ministerial conference for Asia Indeed this is at a time of the and the Pacific in 2006, and greatest growth of urbanisation UN-HABITAT’s ongoing involvement with MINURVI in in history. How we manage this situation is arguably the Latin America and the Caribbean, these high-level meetings biggest problem confronting humanity in the 21st century. will continue to serve as our political springboard for As more and more governments recognise this, the system- mainstreaming the urban agenda. wide reform of the United Nations needs to galvanise Our commitment to raise visibility and awareness of its strength as never before in the quest for sustainable the Habitat Agenda remains unabated, and results have urbanisation. been quite positive. World Habitat Day 2005 involved over In reforming the United Nations, which UN- 100 activities in 60 countries around the world. The global HABITAT fully supports, it is our duty to ensure the rights celebrations were spearheaded from the Indonesian capital, and needs of the urban poor are recognised, that there is Jakarta. For the first time, a regional commemoration growing concern for the plight suffered by millions in our was held in Bangkok, Thailand with the Prime Minister towns and cities. That is the essence of the urban agenda – in attendance. Similarly, through our network of Habitat the Habitat Agenda adopted by world governments a decade Programme Managers, especially in least developed ago, and consistently reaffirmed since by world leaders. It is countries, we are able to mark our presence in UN Country the focus of UN-HABITAT, a vital function performed by Teams, and make inroads in country level macro-economic no other UN agency. planning frameworks such as Poverty Reduction Strategy Looking into the New Year, to the third session of Papers (PRSPs), to further mainstream the Habitat Agenda. the World Urban Forum in Vancouver and other key The year 2005 also marked a successful 20th Session international meetings, to our work you do on the ground of our Governing Council which met in Nairobi in time to in the world’s slums and inner cities, and to a new strategic provide inputs for the 13th session of the Commission for planning exercise to sharpen our focus and strengthen our Sustainable Development a week later in New York. The effectiveness and efficiency, I can say with a certain degree focus of the 13th Session of the CSD on Water, Sanitation of confidence that UN-HABITAT will build upon its recent and Human Settlements underscored the importance successes to ensure a brighter future. of the work of our agency. It served to pave the way for Our vision is right. Our objectives may be ambitious the recognition by the World Summit Outcome of the – but they are anchored in the social and economic realities importance of strengthening the Habitat and Human of a rapidly urbanising world. Settlements Foundation and its Slum Upgrading Facility. The World Summit also, for the first time, endorsed the principle of slum prevention alongside slum upgrading as the most rational way to confront the urbanisation Anna Tibaijuka challenge of this millennium. Executive Director FOREWORD C H A P T E R 1 Responding to the global challenge In 2005, the