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Using CHP Plant to Regulate Wind Power

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Using CHP Plant to Regulate Wind Power Master Thesis Master's Programme in Renewable Energy Systems Using CHP plant to regulate wind power Dissertation in engineering energy, 15 credits Halmstad 2019-06-06 Arwa Elzubair HALMSTAD UNIVERSITY Abstract Sweden is working on increasing the share of wind energy, but it comes along with many challenges, one of those challenges is the uncertainty of the wind power; CHP could be an option for better utilizing of wind power by adapting the power to heat ratio according to wind energy fluctuation. The potential for utilizing installed wind energy in Sweden using CHP plant has been studied. A CHP plant installed in the South of Sweden was considered as studied case. To match the heat and electricity demand requested by the region with the output from the CHP plant two scenarios were simulated. Results showed that 5.3 MW of installed wind energy in Sweden could be adjusted and set to a level of 73.6 MW if the CHP plant alone were to cover the heat demand, and 25.4 MW of installed wind power in Sweden could be adjusted and set to a level of 54.2 MW with an additional heat supply of 8 MW in the studied case. Keywords: Integration of Fluctuating Sources, Power to Heat Ratio, Cogeneration Heat and Power, Wind Energy, Thermal Storage I Sammanfattning I Sverige arbetar vi för att öka andelen vindkraft men det innebär många utmaningar. En av dessa utmaningar är vindkraftens väderberoende. En kraftvärmeanläggning kan vara ett alternativ för ett bättre utnyttjande av vindkraften genom att anpassa effektförhållandet till vindkraftens fluktuation. Potentialen för att bättre nyttja installerad vindenergi i Sverige med hjälp av kraftvärme har studerats. En kraftvärmeanläggning installerad i södra Sverige valdes och prövades. För att matcha regionens el och värmebehov med effekten från kraftvärmeanläggningen simulerades två olika scenarier. Resultaten visade att 5,3 MW installerad vindkraft i Sverige kan anpassas till nivån 73,6 MW om man låter värmebehovet täckas av endast kraftvärmeanläggningen och 25,4 MW installerad vindkraft i Sverige kan anpassas upp till nivån 54,2 MW vid ytterligare värmeförsörjning på 8 MW effekt på den anläggningen. II Acknowledgments It is a great pleasure to acknowledge my thanks and gratitude to prof. Mei Gong Ph.D., Docent, Associate Professor, School of Business, Engineering and Science Halmstad University for her supervision and comprehensive advice help. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Fredric Ottermo for his kind endless help Special thanks to the Swedish Institute which gave me the opportunity to be in Sweden and to study in Halmstad University. III Dedication Every challenging work needs support from people who believe in you My humble efforts are dedicated to my loving Mother and Father My sister and my brothers My aunt, my cousins My sweet Yasmin All my family and friends Whose love, encouragement and prayers always make me success in what I am doing My life partner who has always being there for me, supporting me and helping me to get through difficulties IV Table of Contents 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 background ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Energy in Sweden .................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Wind power............................................................................................................................. 4 1.4 CHP plants ............................................................................................................................... 5 1.5 Thermal energy storage systems ............................................................................................ 5 1.6 Objectives................................................................................................................................ 6 2 Literature review ............................................................................................................................. 6 3 Methodology ................................................................................................................................... 8 3.1 Parameters .............................................................................................................................. 8 3.1.1 Variables constrained by the available data ................................................................... 8 3.1.2 Assumed variables .......................................................................................................... 8 3.1.3 Calculated variables ........................................................................................................ 8 3.2 Modelling ................................................................................................................................ 9 4 Case study ..................................................................................................................................... 10 4.1 Input Data of a typical CHP plant .......................................................................................... 10 4.1.1 Heat demand ................................................................................................................. 12 4.1.2 Thermal storage ............................................................................................................ 12 4.1.3 Power to heat ratio ....................................................................................................... 13 4.2 Data of wind power .............................................................................................................. 13 5 Results from simulation ................................................................................................................ 14 5.1 Scenario 1 .............................................................................................................................. 14 5.2 Scenario 2 .............................................................................................................................. 16 6 Discussion ...................................................................................................................................... 18 7 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 20 8 References: ................................................................................................................................... 21 V List of Figures Figure 1 Fuel shares in power generation [3] ......................................................................................... 1 Figure 2 Installed electricity generation units’ capacity in MW by the type of power source in Sweden [5] ............................................................................................................................................................ 2 Figure 3 The annual development of installed wind capacity in Sweden versus the world [5] ............. 3 Figure 4 Heat supplied to district heating system in Sweden by type of method 1969-2015 [13] ........ 3 Figure 5 Wind power production and electricity consumption for one week in 2015 in area DK1 in Denmark [14] .......................................................................................................................................... 4 Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a CHP plant connected to district heating and district cooling system [19] .......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Figure 7 MATLAB code flow chart ......................................................................................................... 10 Figure 8 Heat generation from CHP plant during January, February and March ................................. 11 Figure 9 Electricity generation from CHP plant during January, February and March ......................... 11 Figure 10 Hourly heat demand in January, February and March 2017 ................................................ 12 Figure 11 Storage fill in January, February and March 2017 ................................................................ 12 Figure 12 Power to heat ratio during January, February and March 2017 ........................................... 13 Figure 13 Wind power production in Sweden during January, February and March 2017 .................. 13 Figure 14 Thermal storage fill simulation ............................................................................................. 14 Figure 15 Power to heat ratio simulation ............................................................................................. 15 Figure 16 Electricity contribution of wind energy and CHP plant ......................................................... 15 Figure 17 Thermal storage fill simulation ............................................................................................. 16 Figure 18 Power to heat ratio simulation ............................................................................................. 17 Figure 19 Electricity contribution of wind energy and CHP plant ......................................................... 17 Figure 20 Comparison between scenario 1 and 2 ...............................................................................
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