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MDG 1006 Technical Reference for Spontaneous Combustion

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MDG 1006 Technical Reference for Spontaneous Combustion GUIDELINES MDG 1006-Technical Reference Technical Reference for Spontaneous Combustion Management Guideline Produced by Mine Safety Operations Branch Industry and Investment NSW May 2011 Revision Date May 2011 DISCLAIMER The compilation of information contained in this document relies upon material and data derived from a number of third party sources and is intended as a guide only in devising risk and safety management systems for the working of mines and is not designed to replace or be used instead of an appropriately designed safety management plan for each individual mine. Users should rely on their own advice, skills and experience in applying risk and safety management systems in individual workplaces. Use of this document does not relieve the user (or a person on whose behalf it is used) of any obligation or duty that might arise under any legislation (including the Occupational Health and Safety Act 2000, any other act containing requirements relating to mine safety and any regulations and rules under those acts) covering the activities to which this document has been or is to be applied. The information in this document is provided voluntarily and for information purposes only. The New South Wales Government does not guarantee that the information is complete, current or correct and accepts no responsibility for unsuitable or inaccurate material that may be encountered. Unless otherwise stated, the authorised version of all reports, guides, data and other information should be sourced from official printed versions of the agency directly. Neither Industry & Investment NSW, the New South Wales Government, nor any employee or agent of the Department, nor any author of or contributor to this document produced by the Department, shall be responsible or liable for any loss, damage, personal injury or death howsoever caused. A reference in this document to "the Department" or "Industry and Investment NSW" or "I&I NSW" is taken to be a reference to the Department of Industry and Investment. Users should always verify historical material by making and relying upon their own separate enquiries prior to making any important decisions or taking any action on the basis of this information. This publication contains information regarding occupational health, safety, injury management or workers compensation. It includes some of your obligations under the various workers compensation and occupational health and safety legislation that Industry & Investment NSW administers. To ensure you comply with your legal obligations you must refer to the appropriate legislation. In the event of inconsistency with a provision of any relevant Act or Regulation the provision prevails over the guideline. This publication may refer to NSW legislation that has been amended or repealed. When reading this publication you should always refer to the latest laws. Information on the latest laws can be checked at: www.legislation.nsw.gov.auHU U Alternatively, phone (02) 4931 6666. MDG 1006 Spontaneous Combustion Management - Technical Reference Page 2 of 112 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 SCOPE .................................................................................................................................... 8 2 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................................... 8 3 FUNDAMENTALS OF SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION ......................................................... 8 4 PREDICTION ........................................................................................................................ 10 4.1 HISTORY .............................................................................................................................. 10 4.2 DEVELOPMENT OF HEATINGS ........................................................................................... 10 4.3 LOCATION OF HEATINGS ................................................................................................... 10 4.3.1 Longwall Extraction Area ........................................................................................................... 11 4.3.2 Bord & Pillar Extraction Area ..................................................................................................... 13 4.3.3 Stowage (fallen tops & dumped coal) ................................................................................... 15 4.3.4 Rib Side Pillar .................................................................................................................................. 16 4.3.5 In-situ Coal....................................................................................................................................... 16 4.4 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION ................................................................................................. 17 4.4.1 Propensity to Spontaneous Combustion ............................................................................. 17 4.4.2 Coal Rank ......................................................................................................................................... 19 4.4.3 Pyrites ................................................................................................................................................ 19 4.4.4 Ash Content .................................................................................................................................... 19 4.4.5 Coal Particle Size ........................................................................................................................... 20 4.4.6 Permeability .................................................................................................................................... 20 4.4.7 Effects of Moisture & Water ....................................................................................................... 20 4.4.8 Seam Gas.......................................................................................................................................... 21 4.4.9 Gas Drainage .................................................................................................................................. 21 4.4.10 Seam Thickness & Coal Recovery ............................................................................................ 22 4.4.11 Multiple Seams .............................................................................................................................. 22 4.4.12 Structures & Geological Anomalies ........................................................................................ 22 4.4.13 Depth of Cover............................................................................................................................... 23 4.4.14 Direction of Mining ...................................................................................................................... 23 4.4.15 Extraction Systems ....................................................................................................................... 23 4.4.16 Highwalls & Box Cuts ................................................................................................................... 25 4.4.17 Ventilation Pressure Difference ............................................................................................... 25 4.4.18 Abutment Load & Pillar Crush .................................................................................................. 25 4.4.19 Reduced Extraction Rate &/or Unplanned Disruption .................................................... 25 4.4.20 Extracted Areas .............................................................................................................................. 26 4.4.21 Barometric Variations .................................................................................................................. 26 4.4.22 Integrity of Stoppings & Seals .................................................................................................. 26 4.4.23 Boreholes & Wells ......................................................................................................................... 26 MDG 1006 Spontaneous Combustion Management - Technical Reference Page 3 of 112 4.4.24 Accessibility of Roadways Adjacent to Goaf for Inspection .......................................... 26 4.4.25 Integrity & Effectiveness of Monitoring System ................................................................ 26 4.4.26 Reporting & Tracking of Information ..................................................................................... 27 4.4.27 Sample Turn-around Time ......................................................................................................... 27 4.4.28 Surface access ................................................................................................................................ 27 5 PREVENTION ....................................................................................................................... 28 5.1 MINE PLANNING PROCESSES ............................................................................................. 28 5.1.1 Research & Collection of Information .................................................................................... 28 5.1.2 Impact of Other Mine Site Hazards ......................................................................................... 28 5.1.3 Measures to Prevent Spontaneous Combustion............................................................... 29 5.2
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