DOCSLIB.ORG

Nickel Minerals from Barberton, South Africa: I

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

American Mineralogist, Volume 58, pages 733-735, 1973 NickelMinerals from Barberton,South Africa: Vl. Liebenbergite,A NickelOlivine SvsneNoA. nn Wnar Nationnl Institute lor Metallurgy, I Yale Road.,Milner Park, I ohannesburg,South Alrica Lnwrs C. ClI.x Il. S. GeologicalSuruey, 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, California 94025 Abstract Liebenbergite, a nickel olivine from the mineral assemblage trevorite-liebenbergite-nickel serpentine-nickel ludwigite-bunsenite-violarite-millerite-gaspeite-nimite, is described mineral- ogically.Ithasa-1.820,P-1.854,7-1.888,ZVa-88",specificgravity-4'60,Mohs hardness- 6 to 6.5, a - 4.727, b - 10.191,c = 5.955A, and Z - 4. X-ray powder data (48 lines) were indexed according to the space grottp Pbnm. The mean chemical composi- tion, calculated from electron microprobe analyses of eight separate liebenbergite grains, gives the mineral formula: (NL eMgoaCoo,sFeo o)Sio "nOn The name is for W. R. Liebenberg, Deputy Director-General of the National Institute for Metallurgy, South Africa. Introduction mission on New Minerals and Mineral Names (rMA). A re-investigationof the trevorite deposit at Bon Accord in the Barberton Mountain Land, South Experimental Methods Africa, led to the discovery of two peculiar but distinct nickel mineral assemblages.Minerals from The refractive indices were determined by the the assemblagewillemseite-nimite-feroan trevorite- conventional liquid immersion method using a reevesite-millerite-violarite-goethitehave been de- sodium lamp as light source.The optical and crystal scribed in earlier papers in this series (de Waal, morphologicalparameters were studiedwith the aid 1969, l97oa, 1970b;de Waal and Viljoen, I97L). of a universal stage. The macrohardnesswas esti- From the secondassemblage trevorite-nickel olivine- mated from the microhardness,which was deter- nickel serpentine-nickel ludwigite-bunsenite-viola- mined with a Leitz Miniload hardnesstester. The rite-millerite-gaspeite-nimite,only the trevorite (de curve of Young and Millman (1964) relating micro- Waat,1.972)has been described to date. hardnesswith Mohs hardnesswas usedfor this pur- The present paper deals with the nickel olivine, pose. here named liebenbergite.A paper on the nickel The X-ray data were obtained by means of a serpentine(a nickel-rich lizardite?) and nickel lud- Debye-Scherrercamera (diameter 114.6 mm) with wigite is in preparation. CuKa radiation. Corrections were made for film The name liebenbergiteis proposedfor the pure shrinkage,and the relative line intensitieswere esti- nickel end member of the olivine gloup and is ap mated visually. By analogyto forsterite and fayalite, plicable to all such minerals that contain nickel as the space group Pbnm was assumedfor the lieben- tho major cation in octahedral coordination. The bergite and the powder pattern was indexed accord- name is for W. R. Liebenberg, Deputy Director- ingly. Cell parameterswere refined using the com- General of the National Institute for Metallurgy, puter programcELFIT (Bracher, 1,967). South Africa, who has made a major contribution Microprobe analyseswere made with an Applied to the advancementof mineralogicalscience in that ResearchLaboratories model sMx electronmicro- country. The name has been approvedby the Com- probe, using a 15 kV excitation potential and a 733 734 S, A, DE WAAL, AND L. C, CALK 0.0250 ,,oaspecimen current. Wet-chemically ana- The liebenbergiteforms part of the assemblage lyzednatural silicateswere usedas standardsfor Si, trevorite-nickel serpentine-nickelludwigite-bunsen- Mg, and Fe. Syntheticsulfide standardsprepared by ite-violarite-millerite-gaspeite-nimite.The original Gerald K. Czamanskewere used for Ni and Co. liebenbergitegrains filled the intersticesbetween the Correctionswere made for background,instrumental trevorite grains and medsuredup to 1 mm or more drift, matrix absorption, characteristicfluorescence, in diameter. They are, however, almost completely and atomic number effects (Beeson, 1967; Beaman replacedby the secondarynickel serpentine,with the and Isasi, l97O). resultthat only small irregulargrains, few exceeding 150 micronsin diameter,are presentin the serpen- Occurrence and General Mineralog5r tine matrix. The fine intergrowth between the liebenbergite Tho trevorite-bearingores at Bon Accord formed the nickel serpentinethat replacesit prevented a small tabular body approximately20 feet long and and of the two phasesfor bulk chemical or about 2 feet thick at the contact between the separation physical studies.Fortunately, as was proved by the Moodies quartzite and serpentinizedultramafite of microprobe analysis,the liebenbergiteis homogene- the JamestownIgneous Suite. The width of the body ous composition within hand is uncertain, but judged from the prospecting in a specimen.This imparts greaterconfidence in the optical and physical trenches it was probably not much more than 10 properties that were not determined on the same feet. Unfortunately, most of the ores have been grains removedduring the prospectingand mining activities as were analyzed. so that in situ investigationof the different assem- Optical, Physicat and Chemical Properties of blages is not possible.This makes the study o,f the the Liebenbergite origin and mutual relationship of the two assem- The optical and physicalparameters of the lieben- blages extremely difficult. The present work was bergite are listed in Table 1. The crystallographyis done on samplesobtained from the waste dumps. similar to that of the olivines,but the specificgravity, refractive indices, and optical axial angle of lieben- Teers l. Optical and Physical Properties of Liebenbergite bergite are distinctly different from either forsterite or fayalite. Crystal System: 0rthorhonbic The indexed X-ray powder pattern of lieben- Unlt Cell Parameters: a = 4,727 ! O.OOri, b = 10.191 t O.OOrE bergite (Table 2) correspondsclosely to that of c = 5.955 t O.OOZi synthetic NizSiOr (Pistorius, 1963). Liebenbergite volue = zAS.e (L)3 has a d(130)-spacing diagnosticallysmaller than Space group Pbmn (asswed) those for forsterite, fayalite, tephroite, and monticel- 0ptical Properties lite. Moreover, d(130), in conjunctionwith either Refractive Indlces: o=1.82010.003 refractive index or specific gravity, can be used to B = 1.854 (calc) estimate the composition of an olivine within the Y=1.88810.003 (y-o)=0.068 liebenbergite-forsterite-fayalite compositional tri- optical Orlentation: a=brB=cs"(=d angle. o.A.P. (001) The chemicalcomposition and mineral formula of Optlcal Axial Angle: 2V =88"!2" d liebenbergiteare comparedin Table 3 with those of Dispersion: T> 7) Ni2SiO4. The results indicate that liebenbergite is Pleochrolsm: X = I = colorless to pale green homogeneousand is close to ideal NizSiOain com- (in thin sectlon) Z = greenish yellow position. Assuming that the deviation from stoichi- Physical Properties ometry reflects analytical error, the formula may p (cal-c) : 4.60 be written: Ilardness (Mohs): 6 to 6.5 (derlved fron nicrohardness) (Ni, Mg, Fe, Co)zSiOa Cleavage: {010} weak ro moderate {t0O} weak Conclusions Twinnlng: None observed Color: Yellowlsh green ln grain The data presentedleave little doubt that lieben- concentrate bergite belongsto the olivine group of minerals and LIEBENBERGITE, A NTCKELOL7VTNE 735 Ttsrn 2. X-Ray PowderData of Liebenbergite origin is enigmatic. Neither of the two commonly acceptedpr@esses of nickel enrichment' i'e., mag- hk1 tl hkr r/to -calc or enrichment to matic segregationof sulfide superficial under tropical weathering conditions, prduces as- 020 ,.o9 5.10 Ljz r.583 1.t85 semblagesanything like those found at Bon Accord. f10 l+.29 \.29 ol+3 10 r.16r r 166 020 3.87 3.87 ?tt 5 r.5oT r.ra6 )+98 lor 10 3.70 3.?0 , r. )497 1. Acknowledgrnents 11f 3. 1+7 3. \8 2A r.\86 r.48? of the r27 10* 2.986 2.996 o62 30 1.r+73 r.\75 The authors are indebted to the Director-General 130 90 2,759 2.759 330 10 r.\29 r.\29 National Institute for Metallurgy and to the Director of the a22 20x 2.56\ 2.57o 20 1.390 r.390 paper' 8o 2.503 2.rO3 10 1.380 r.380 U.S. Geological Survey for permission to publish this TI2 r00 2.\)t2 2.\\5 T' 1.343 1 343 Thanks are also due to Dr. S. A. Hiemstra for his unfail- 200 10 2.361 2.36t+ 1 308 1. 3oT ing interest and assistanceduring the investigation. 10 2.337 2.3\2 5 r.289 r 289 210 5 2.303 2.302 2o\ r.2j9 r-.260 30x 2.252 2.259 I.25A :1.250 References 2. j.\6 2.1+1 23\ r.r83 1.181 BEAMAN,D. R., eNo J. A. Isesr (1970) A critical examina' r.160 2.022 2.O2\ 025 1.r50 programs used in quantitative electron 10 I .935 1.935 1.150 f.151, tion of computer f0 r.8?o L.872 244 L.r29 I.r29 microprobe analysis.Anal. Chem. 42, 1540-1568. r.a92 \-092 113 , r.799 r.801 (1967) A computerprogram for processing 5 1.?83 1.785 10 r. o?)+ t. o?lr BEEsoN,M. H. electron microprobe data' U'.i. Geol. Suru. Open-File 90 1.?38 r. 7\0 f0 1.03r 1.031 15 r.65\ r.663 10" 1. 015 1.0f5 Rep. 051 IO 1. 53r 1. 531+ 38)+ 1o* o . B2j+5 o. B2L? Bnr.cnr,n, B. H. (1967) CErrlr. A computer program to 133 r.609 1.611 )' o.7753 a.7712 refine crystal unit cell dimensions. United Kingdom Atomic Energy Auth. Res. Group Rep. lnnn'n'5412t 26 pp- on Weer, S. A. (1969) Nickel minerals from Barberton, South Africa: I. Ferroan Trevorite. Amer. Mineral. 54, that it approachesin composition the ideal nickel t2a4-1208. end-memberof this mineral series. (197}il Nickel minerals from Barberton, South nickel-rich chlorite. Amer. Mineral. The liebenbergite-and willemsite-bearingassem- Africa: II. Nimite, a s5. 18-30. blages are unique in mineral composition. Their (1970b) Nickel minerals frorn Barberton, South Africa: III. Willemseite, a nickel-rich talc. Amer' Min- 3' chemicar-:::::::.:f Liebenbersite era\.55,3142.
Recommended publications
  • Podiform Chromite Deposits—Database and Grade and Tonnage Models

    Podiform Chromite Deposits—Database and Grade and Tonnage Models

    Podiform Chromite Deposits—Database and Grade and Tonnage Models Scientific Investigations Report 2012–5157 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey COVER View of the abandoned Chrome Concentrating Company mill, opened in 1917, near the No. 5 chromite mine in Del Puerto Canyon, Stanislaus County, California (USGS photograph by Dan Mosier, 1972). Insets show (upper right) specimen of massive chromite ore from the Pillikin mine, El Dorado County, California, and (lower left) specimen showing disseminated layers of chromite in dunite from the No. 5 mine, Stanislaus County, California (USGS photographs by Dan Mosier, 2012). Podiform Chromite Deposits—Database and Grade and Tonnage Models By Dan L. Mosier, Donald A. Singer, Barry C. Moring, and John P. Galloway Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5157 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Marcia K. McNutt, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2012 This report and any updates to it are available online at: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5157/ For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment—visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Suggested citation: Mosier, D.L., Singer, D.A., Moring, B.C., and Galloway, J.P., 2012, Podiform chromite deposits—database and grade and tonnage models: U.S.
  • Mineral Processing

    Mineral Processing

    Mineral Processing Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy 1st English edition JAN DRZYMALA, C. Eng., Ph.D., D.Sc. Member of the Polish Mineral Processing Society Wroclaw University of Technology 2007 Translation: J. Drzymala, A. Swatek Reviewer: A. Luszczkiewicz Published as supplied by the author ©Copyright by Jan Drzymala, Wroclaw 2007 Computer typesetting: Danuta Szyszka Cover design: Danuta Szyszka Cover photo: Sebastian Bożek Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27 50-370 Wroclaw Any part of this publication can be used in any form by any means provided that the usage is acknowledged by the citation: Drzymala, J., Mineral Processing, Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy, Oficyna Wydawnicza PWr., 2007, www.ig.pwr.wroc.pl/minproc ISBN 978-83-7493-362-9 Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................9 Part I Introduction to mineral processing .....................................................................13 1. From the Big Bang to mineral processing................................................................14 1.1. The formation of matter ...................................................................................14 1.2. Elementary particles.........................................................................................16 1.3. Molecules .........................................................................................................18 1.4. Solids................................................................................................................19
  • Chromite Crystal Structure and Chemistry Applied As an Exploration Tool

    Chromite Crystal Structure and Chemistry Applied As an Exploration Tool

    Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository February 2015 Chromite Crystal Structure and Chemistry applied as an Exploration Tool Patrick H.M. Shepherd The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Dr. Roberta L. Flemming The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Geology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Master of Science © Patrick H.M. Shepherd 2015 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Shepherd, Patrick H.M., "Chromite Crystal Structure and Chemistry applied as an Exploration Tool" (2015). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 2685. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/2685 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Western University Scholarship@Western University of Western Ontario - Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository Chromite Crystal Structure and Chemistry Applied as an Exploration Tool Patrick H.M. Shepherd Supervisor Roberta Flemming The University of Western Ontario Follow this and additional works at: http://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Geology Commons This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Western Ontario - Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Chromite Crystal Structure and Chemistry Applied as an Exploration Tool (Thesis format: Integrated Article) by Patrick H.M.
  • Download the Scanned

    Download the Scanned

    American Mineralogist, Volume 59, pages 906-918, 1974 Domainsin Minerals Rosnnr E. NpwNnarvr Materials ResearchLaboratory, The PennsylaaniaState Uniuersity, Uniuersity Park, Pennsyluania16802 Abstract Mimetic twinning in minerals is reviewed in terms of the tensor properties of the orientation states, showing which forces are eftective in moving domain walls. Following the Aizu method, various types of ferroic species are developed frorn the free energy function. Examples of ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, ferroelastic, ferrobielectric, ferrobimagnetic, ferrobielastic, ferro- elastoelectric, ferromagnetoelastic, and ferromagnetoelectric minerals are described. Introduction and ferromagnetoelectric.As explained later, each Twinning is widely used in mineral identification type of domain reorientationarises from a particular and in elucidating the formation conditions of rocks. term in the free energy function. The distribution of transformation twins in rock- A ferroic crystal contains two or more possible forming minerals enables one to establish the orientationstates or domains;under a suitably chosen thermal processes that have occurred in the rock. driving force the domain walls move, switching the Mechanical twinning is studied by petrologists in crystal from one orientation stateto another. Switch- the analysis of flow effects. In rock magnetism, it ing may be accomplishedby mechanicalstress (a), is the arrangement of ferromagnetic domains which electricfield (E), magneticfield (I/), or somecombina- determines remanent magnetization. These are but tion of the three. Ferroelectric, ferroelastic, and a few examples of twin phenomena in minerals. ferromagneticmaterials are well known examplesof In the past twinned crystals have been classified primary ferroic crystals in which the orientation according to twin-laws and morphology, or accord- statesdiffer respectivelyin spontaneouspolarization ing to their mode of origin, or on a structural basis, P,",, spontaneousstrain 6r"r and spontaneous but there is another classification scheme which magnetizatiorrMr"t.
  • NEW MINEI{AL NAMES Mrcuanr, Frbrscnun Fersilicite, Ferdisilicite L

    NEW MINEI{AL NAMES Mrcuanr, Frbrscnun Fersilicite, Ferdisilicite L

    TFIE AMI'RICAN MINERALOGIST, VOL 54, NOVEMBER DECEMBER, 1969 NEW MINEI{AL NAMES Mrcuanr, FrBrscnun Fersilicite,Ferdisilicite V. Kn. Gnvoar'ven (1969) The occurrence of natural ferrosilicon in the northern Azov region. Dokl. Ahad. Nauh.S.S.SR,185, 4lG+18 (in Russian). V. Ku. Grvonx'veN, A. L. Lrrvrw, .qNo A. S. Povannnny<u (1969) Occurrence of the new minerals fersilicite and ferdisilicate. Geol.Zh. (Lrkraine) 29 No.2,62-71 (in Russian). In placers and in drill-core samples of sandstones of the Poltava series near Zachativsk station, Donets region, fragments 0.1 to 3 mm in size were found of material with strong steely luster, although many of the grains are covered by a dark gray opaque film. Chemical 'I'ananaev analysesby N V. of fractions of size )1 mm and 0.25-0.5 mm gave, resp.; Fe 52.09,50.51; Si 43 25, 41.45;TiOz 0.05,0.55; AI2OB1.30, 2.70; MnO 0.65,2.56; MgO 0.18, O.32;CaO 092,0.42; Na2Onot detd., 0.15; K:O not detd.,0.01;NiO 0.30,not detd., sum 98.74 (given as99.74),98.67 (given as 10O.67a/).Spectrographic analyses by E. S. Nazare- vich showed also Co 0.06, 0 06; V 0.003, 0.003, Cr 0.2, 0 03; Zr 0.O03(?), 0.0a; Cu 0.6, 0.3; 2nO.01,0.02; Sn 0.02,0.027a.The analysescorrespond approximately to I'e2SL. Optical and X-ray data showed that the material consists of two distinct phases, a cubic phase with o 4.48*0.012 A corresponding to synthetic FeSi, and a tetragonal phase with a 2 69+0.012, c 5.08+ 0.02 A, correspondingto synthetic FeSi2 The cubic phase, named {ersilicate, has strongest lines 3.143 (5)(110), 2.566 (5)(111), l.ee1(10)(210), r.8r7 (9)(211), 1.347 (s)(311), 1.196 (10)(321), r.lre (s)(400),1.028 (e) (331), 0.978 (9)(421).
  • A Fundamental Evaluation of the Atmospheric Pre-Leaching Section of the Nickel-Copper Matte Treatment Process

    A Fundamental Evaluation of the Atmospheric Pre-Leaching Section of the Nickel-Copper Matte Treatment Process

    A FUNDAMENTAL EVALUATION OF THE ATMOSPHERIC PRE-LEACHING SECTION OF THE NICKEL-COPPER MATTE TREATMENT PROCESS by RODRICK MULENGA LAMYA Dissertation presented for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (Extractive Metallurgical Engineering) in the Department of Process Engineering at the University of Stellenbosch, South Africa Promoter Prof. L. Lorenzen STELLENBOSCH March 2007 DECLARATION I the undersigned, hereby declare that the work contained in this dissertation is my own original work and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it at any university for a degree. Signature: ............................................... Date: ....................................................... Copyright © 2007 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved i SYNOPSIS Nickel-Copper sulphide ores are the most important Platinum Group Metal bearing ores. The South African deposits are exceptionally rich in the platinum group metals (PGMs) and production of the PGMs is the primary purpose of treating these ores. The methods used in the recovery of the PGMs from the nickel-copper ores generally consists of ore concentration by physical techniques, pyrometallurgical concentration and hydrometallurgical extraction of the base metals followed by the PGMs. Pyrometallurgical concentration produces Ni-Cu matte, which is treated by hydrometallurgical processes to recover the nickel, copper, cobalt and the precious metals. In this study, the leaching behaviour of a Ni–Cu matte in CuSO4–H2SO4 solution during the repulping (pre-leach) stage at Impala Platinum Refineries was studied. The repulping stage is basically a non–oxidative atmospheric leach stage, in which nickel, iron and cobalt are partially dissolved, while the copper is precipitated. To understand the nature of the leaching process during this stage of the base metal refining operation, the effects of variations in the key process variables such as temperature, stirring rate, particle size, pulp density, residence time, initial copper and acid concentrations were investigated.
  • Gem Water Cover:Fa 17/5/09 23:06 Page 1 GEM WATER Adding Crystals to Water Is Both Visually Appealing and Healthy

    Gem Water Cover:Fa 17/5/09 23:06 Page 1 GEM WATER Adding Crystals to Water Is Both Visually Appealing and Healthy

    Gem Water cover:fa 17/5/09 23:06 Page 1 GEM WATER Adding crystals to water is both visually appealing and healthy. The water becomes infused with crystalline energy. It is a known fact that water carries mineral information and Gem Water provides effective remedies, acting quickly on a physical level. It is similar and complementary to wear- ing crystals, but the effects are not necessarily the same. The introduction to the book tells you all you need to know about the correct way to prepare Gem Water and pro- vides important information on which crystals to use and which not to prepare as Gem Water. The concept may appear simple at first, but you need to apply it with care, and the book explains all the facts you need to know before getting started. The second part of the book features more than 100 Michael Joachim Goebel Gienger, Crystals and 34 special mixtures with their effects as Gem Water remedies. Gem Water How to prepare and use EARTHDANCER more than 130 crystal waters for therapeutic treatments A FINDHORN PRESS IMPRINT MichaelMichael GiengerGienger JoachimJoachim GoebelGoebel Gem Water 96:– 17/5/09 23:13 Page 1 Gem Water How to prepare and use more than 130 crystal waters for therapeutic treatments Michael Gienger Joachim Goebel EARTHDANCER A FINDHORN PRESS IMPRINT Gem Water 96:– 17/5/09 23:13 Page 2 Publishers’ Note The information in this book was produced according to our best knowledge and belief, and the healing effects of the gem waters described have been tried and tested many times.
  • Infrare D Transmission Spectra of Carbonate Minerals

    Infrare D Transmission Spectra of Carbonate Minerals

    Infrare d Transmission Spectra of Carbonate Mineral s THE NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM Infrare d Transmission Spectra of Carbonate Mineral s G. C. Jones Department of Mineralogy The Natural History Museum London, UK and B. Jackson Department of Geology Royal Museum of Scotland Edinburgh, UK A collaborative project of The Natural History Museum and National Museums of Scotland E3 SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V. Firs t editio n 1 993 © 1993 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Chapman & Hall in 1993 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1993 Typese t at the Natura l Histor y Museu m ISBN 978-94-010-4940-5 ISBN 978-94-011-2120-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-2120-0 Apar t fro m any fair dealin g for the purpose s of researc h or privat e study , or criticis m or review , as permitte d unde r the UK Copyrigh t Design s and Patent s Act , 1988, thi s publicatio n may not be reproduced , stored , or transmitted , in any for m or by any means , withou t the prio r permissio n in writin g of the publishers , or in the case of reprographi c reproductio n onl y in accordanc e wit h the term s of the licence s issue d by the Copyrigh t Licensin g Agenc y in the UK, or in accordanc e wit h the term s of licence s issue d by the appropriat e Reproductio n Right s Organizatio n outsid e the UK. Enquirie s concernin g reproductio n outsid e the term s state d here shoul d be sent to the publisher s at the Londo n addres s printe d on thi s page.
  • New Mineral Names*

    New Mineral Names*

    American Mineralogist, Volume 73, pages 1492-1499. 1988 NEW MINERAL NAMES* JOHN L. JAMBOR CANMET, 555 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario KIA OGI, Canada ERNST A. J. BURKE lnstituut voor Aardwetenschappen, Vrije Universitiete, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands T. SCOTT ERCIT, JOEL D. GRICE National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario KIA OM8, Canada Acuminite* prismatic to acicular crystals that are up to 10 mm long and 0.5 H. Pauly, O.Y. Petersen (1987) Acuminite, a new Sr-fluoride mm in diameter, elongate and striated [001], rhombic to hex- from Ivigtut, South Greenland. Neues Jahrb. Mineral. Mon., agonal in cross section, showing {l00} and {l10}. Perfect {100} 502-514. cleavage, conchoidal fracture, vitreous luster, H = 4, Dm'.. = 2.40(5) glcm3 (pycnometer), Dcale= 2.380 glcm3 for the ideal Wet-chemical analysis gave Li 0.0026, Ca 0.0185, Sr 37.04, formula, and Z = 4. Optically biaxial positive, a = 1.5328(4), (3 Al 11.86, F 33.52, OH (calc. from anion deficit) 6.82, H20 (calc. = 1.5340(4), 1.5378(4), 2 Vmoa,= 57(2)°, 2 Vcale= 59°; weak assuming 1 H20 in the formula) 7.80, sum 97.06 wt%, corre- 'Y = dispersion, r < v; Z = b, Y A c = -10°. X-ray structural study sponding to Sro98AIl.o2F.o7(OH)o.93H20. The mineral occurs as indicated monoclinic symmetry, space group C21c, a = 18.830(2), aggregates of crystals shaped like spear points and about I mm b= I 1.517(2), c= 5.190(I)A,{3 = 100.86(1)°. A Guinierpowder long.
  • New Mineral Names

    New Mineral Names

    NEW MINERAL NAMES Vernadite A. G. Brrnxnrrlr, Genetic types of manganese deposits. Bul,t,.Acait. Scl. I/.R.S.S., Sir. 96ol.,1944, No. 4, 1-46. (Russian with English summary 43-46.) The name vernadite is given, in honor of V. I. Vernadsky, to a mineral formed in the early stages of oxidation of manganese silicates and carbonates. The composition is stated to be MnQ2'H2o, plus a varfng amount of water. The mineral is widespread in occurrence and was previously taken to be manganite. rt is black when massive, compact; reddish to chocolate brown when finely dispersed. Streak is chocolate brown. Drscussron. So vague a description scarcely warrants a new name. Mrcnlnr Fr,nrscnnn Christensenite Tou. F. W. Banrn arn Asr,n Kv.nrneru, Christensenite, a solid solution of nepheline in tridymite. Norsh. Videnskaps-Akad. Oslo, Sci. Results Norwegian AnJarctic Erpeil,i.tions 1927-1928, N o. 22, l-9 (1944). Tridymite from a lava on Deception Island has n (Na) a:1.479, p:1.480, t:1.483, each about 0.01 higher than the corresponding r of pure tridymite. Spectrographic study showed the presence of Na, Al and traces of Fe and ca. Quantitative photometric com- parison with mixtures of quartz and nepheline sho.w'edthat this tridymite contained 5.2/s nepheline. whereas normal tridymite has inversions at 117oand 163', christensenite has a single inversion at 130o to 140o, the temperature varying somervhat for difierent crystals, rt is probable that other tridymites from lavas will be found to belong to this series. The name is for Consul Lars Christensen, who supported the expeditions financially.
  • This File Was Downloaded From

    This File Was Downloaded From

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Queensland University of Technology ePrints Archive This is the author’s version of a work that was submitted/accepted for pub- lication in the following source: Reddy, B. Jagannadha & Frost, Ray L. (2004) Electronic and vibrational spectra of gaspeite. Neues Jahrbuch fuer Mineralogie. Monatshefte, 2004(11), pp. 525-536. This file was downloaded from: http://eprints.qut.edu.au/23214/ c Copyright 2004 E. Schweizerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung Notice: Changes introduced as a result of publishing processes such as copy-editing and formatting may not be reflected in this document. For a definitive version of this work, please refer to the published source: http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0028-3649/2004/2004-0525 ELECTRONIC AND VIBRATIONAL SPECTRA OF GASPEITE B. J. Reddy and R. L. Frost ••• Inorganic Materials Research Program, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, GPO Box 2434, Queensland 4001, Australia Abstract: Visible, near-infrared, IR and Raman spectra of magnesian gaspeite are presented along with explanations of spectral features. Of the cations, nickel ion is main source for the electronic features as a principal constituent in the mineral where as the bands in IR and Raman spectra are due to the vibrational processes in the carbonate ion as an entity. The combination of electronic absorption spectra and vibrational spectra (including near-infrared, FTIR and Raman) of magnesian gaspeite 2- are presented and explained the cation co-ordination and the behaviour of CO 3 anion in the Ni-Mg carbonate. The electronic absorption spectrum consists of three broad and intense bands at 8130, 13160 and 22730 cm-1 due to spin-allowed transitions and two weak bands at 20410 and 30300 cm -1 are assigned to spin- forbidden transitions of Ni 2+ in an octahedral symmetry.
  • By Michael Fleischer and Constance M. Schafer Open-File Report 81

    By Michael Fleischer and Constance M. Schafer Open-File Report 81

    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY THE FORD-FLEISCHER FILE OF MINERALOGICAL REFERENCES, 1978-1980 INCLUSIVE by Michael Fleischer and Constance M. Schafer Open-File Report 81-1174 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards 1981 The Ford-Fleischer File of Mineralogical References 1978-1980 Inclusive by Michael Fleischer and Constance M. Schafer In 1916, Prof. W.E. Ford of Yale University, having just published the third Appendix to Dana's System of Mineralogy, 6th Edition, began to plan for the 7th Edition. He decided to create a file, with a separate folder for each mineral (or for each mineral group) into which he would place a citation to any paper that seemed to contain data that should be considered in the revision of the 6th Edition. He maintained the file in duplicate, with one copy going to Harvard University, when it was agreed in the early 1930's that Palache, Berman, and Fronde! there would have the main burden of the revision. A number of assistants were hired for the project, including C.W. Wolfe and M.A. Peacock to gather crystallographic data at Harvard, and Michael Fleischer to collect and evaluate chemical data at Yale. After Prof. Ford's death in March 1939, the second set of his files came to the U.S. Geological Survey and the literature has been covered since then by Michael Fleischer. Copies are now at the U.S. Geological Survey at Reston, Va., Denver, Colo., and Menlo Park, Cal., and at the U.S.