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Cfreptiles & Amphibians HTTPS://JOURNALS.KU.EDU/REPTILESANDAMPHIBIANSTABLE OF CONTENTS IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANSREPTILES • VOL15, & N AMPHIBIANSO 4 • DEC 2008 •189 28(1):44–46 • APR 2021 IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS CONSERVATION AND NATURAL HISTORY TABLE OF CONTENTS CubanFEATURE ARTICLES Green Anoles (Anolis porcatus): . Chasing Bullsnakes (Pituophis catenifer sayi) in Wisconsin: CommunalOn the Road to Understanding the Ecology Nestingand Conservation of the Midwest’s in Giant SerpentBromeliads ...................... Joshua M. Kapfer 190 . The Shared History of Treeboas (Corallus grenadensis) and Humans on Grenada: A Hypothetical Excursion ............................................................................................................................Robert W. Henderson 198 L. Yusnaviel García-Padrón RESEARCH ARTICLES Sociedad Espeleológica de Cuba, La Habana, Cuba; Sociedad Cubana de Zoología, La Habana 12000, Cuba ([email protected]) . The Texas Horned Lizard in Central and Western TexasPhotographs ....................... by the Emily author. Henry, Jason Brewer, Krista Mougey, and Gad Perry 204 . The Knight Anole (Anolis equestris) in Florida .............................................Brian J. Camposano, Kenneth L. Krysko, Kevin M. Enge, Ellen M. Donlan, and Michael Granatosky 212 CONSERVATION ALERT noles (Anolis spp.) lay single eggs buried in soil, under (22º32'20"N, 83º50'04"W; WGS 84; elev. 230 m asl). All of . World’s Mammals in Crisis ............................................................................................................................................................. 220 Arocks and logs,. More in Thanleaf Mammalslitter, ...............................................................................................................................in tree holes, in bromeli- the bromeliads contained....................................... water, leaf litter, 223 and organic debris. ads, in rock crevices,. The or “Dow attached Jones Index” to of walls Biodiversity or ceilings ............................................................................................................................... of caves At 0930 h, temperature and relative............ humidity 225 in the brome- (Andrews and HUSBANDRYRand 1974; Andrews 1985; Losos 2009). liads were 27.2 ºC and 89.9%, respectively. I found a total of Many anoles, including. Captive a Care number of the Central of CubanNetted Dragon species, ....................................................................................................... deposit 29 lizard eggs among the Shannonexterior-most Plummer 226 leaves of the rosettes eggs communally (Dunn 1926; Hardy 1957; Rand 1967; of five bromeliads (Fig. 1). The higher bromeliads contained Silva RodríguezPROFILE et al. 1982; Novo Rodríguez 1985; Estrada larger numbers of eggs, but I found no correlation because of . and Novo RodríguezKraig 1986; Adler: EstradaA Lifetime Promoting1987; Garrido Herpetology and ................................................................................................ Pareta the small sample size. I also Michael encountered L. Treglia 234 frogs (two Cuban 1994; HendersonCOMMENTARY and Powell, 2009; Losos 2009). Bromeliad Frogs, Eleutherodactylus varians, and one Cuban Bromeliads hold. The considerable Turtles Have Been amountsWatching Me of ........................................................................................................................ rainwater and Streamside Frog, E. riparius) Ericin Ganglofftwo bromeliads, 238 but never in offer shelter, humidity,BOOK REVIEWfood, and suitable sites for reproduc- the same plants where lizards had deposited eggs. tion for many amphibians. Threatened and Amphibians reptiles of the(Lehtinen World edited et by al. S.N. 2004; Stuart, M. Hoffmann, Mean J.S. Chanson,(± one N.A.SD) Cox, length, width, and volume of six eggs Henderson and PowellR. 2009).Berridge, P. Of Ramani, four and cases B.E. Young of Cuban .............................................................................................................. anoles were 13.5 ± 1.0 mm (11.9–15.3 Robert Powell mm), 243 9.3 ± 0.6 mm (8.0– laying eggs in plants, two were in bromeliads (Henderson and 10.5 mm), and 623.1 ± 121.2 mm3 (394.8–877.7 mm3), Powell 2009), both CONSERVATION involving solitary RESEARCH eggs. REPORTS: Herein ISummaries report of Publishedrespectively. Conservation ResearchI calculated Reports ................................. volumes using 245 the formula for an NATURAL HISTORY RESEARCH REPORTS : Summaries of Published Reports on Natural History .................................2 247 the first record of NEWBRIEFScommunal ...............................................................................................................................nesting by any Cuban anole in ellipsoid: V = 4/3.......................................................π (L/2) (W/2) (Magnusson 248 et al. 2003). bromeliads. EDITORIAL INFORMATION ...............................................................................................................................The wide range of sizes in even...................... this small 251 sample suggests that I examined tenFOCUS One-spiked ON CONSERVATION Guzmanias: A Project (Guzmania You Can Support ...............................................................................................the eggs were deposited by multiple females 252 over a period of cf. monostachya) at heights of 0.4–2.0 m above the time. ground in riparian Caribbean Pine (Pinus caribaea) for- In order to identify the eggs, I incubated three eggs est at El Moncada, Viñales, Pinar del Río Province, Cuba over a period of 22 days. I measured temperature and rela- Front Cover. Shannon Plummer. Back Cover. Michael Kern Totat et velleseque audant mo Totat et velleseque audant mo estibus inveliquo velique rerchil estibus inveliquo velique rerchil erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum fugiatis maionsequat eumque fugiatis maionsequat eumque moditia erere nonsedis ma sectiatur moditia erere nonsedis ma sectia- ma derrovitae voluptam, as quos tur ma derrovitae voluptam, as accullabo. Fig. 1. A One-spiked Guzmania (Guzmania cf. monostachya) in which Cuban Green Anoles (Anolis porcatus) had laid eggs communally. Copyright is held by the authors. Articles in R&A are made available under a 44 Reptiles & Amphibians ISSN 2332-4961 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license. GARCÍA-PADRÓN REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • 28(1):44–46 • APR 2021 Fig. 2. A Cuban Green Anole (Anolis porcatus) hatched from a commu- Fig. 4. A One-spiked Guzmania (Guzmania cf. monostachya) on which nally deposited egg in a bromeliad. Cuban Hutias have fed. tive humidity twice each day at 0700 h and 1900 h. Mean nesting in plants by Cuban Green Anoles has been docu- morning temperature and relative humidity were 25.3 ºC mented in a Coconut Palm (Cocos nucifera) and in Royal (23.4–28.4 ºC) and 87.2% (76.8–93.7%); mean afternoon Palms (Roystonea regia) (Dunn 1926). temperature and relative humidity were 30.2 ºC (24.8–33.5 A scarcity of suitable ovipositioning sites might be the ºC) was 79.6% (65.1–93.7%). After ten days of incubation, main cause of communal nesting in anoles (Rand 1967). At the first egg hatched; the hatchling (Fig. 2), now definitively this site, the availability of suitable sites was likely affected identified as a Cuban Green Anole (Anolis porcatus), had a by flooding after heavy rains during the wet season (May to SVL of 23.83 mm and a total length of 47.6 mm. The second October), which coincided with the principal reproductive egg hatched after 16 days (hatchling SVL = 21.5 mm, total period of Anolis porcatus (Rodríguez Schettino 1999). Also, length = 43.9 mm). The third egg did not hatch. destruction of the forest (especially bromeliads) by humans Some Cuban anoles are known to occupy bromeliads, (Fig. 3) and a resultant scarcity of plant food resources for including A. porcatus (García-González et al. 2014), but the some herbivores (e.g., Cuban Hutias, Capromys pilorides and only records of ovipositioning in epiphytic bromeliads are for Mysateles prehensilis) (Fig. 4) as well as refuges and reproduc- the Blue-eyed Twig Anole (A. alutaceus) (Dunn 1926) and tive sites for frogs and lizards will lead to a loss of biodiversity the Cuban White-fanned Anole (A. homolechis) (Schwartz and in the area. Henderson 1991; García-Padrón, pers. observ.). Communal Acknowledgements I thank the staff of the Centro Nacional de Entrenamiento Espeleológico “Antonio Núñez Jiménez” for logistical help, Kenay Gómez Carmenate and M. Matilde Delgado Albizar for help during fieldwork, Dr. Jorge Ferro Díaz for identify- ing the bromeliads, and Javier Torres for valuable comments on an early version of this manuscript. Literature Cited Andrews, R.M. 1985. Oviposition frequency of Anolis carolinensis. Copeia 1985: 259–262. https://doi.org/10.2307/1444828. Andrews, R. and A.S. Rand. 1974. Reproductive effort in anoline lizards. Ecology 55: 1317–1327. https://doi.org/10.2307/1935459. Dunn, E.R. 1926. Notes on Cuban anoles. Copeia 1926: 153–154. García-González, A., L.Y. García Padrón, F. Delgado Fernández, and F.B. Riverón- Giró. 2014. Anfibios y reptiles asociados a tres especies de bromelias de tanque en el Parque Nacional Guanahacabibes, Cuba. Cuadernos de Investigación 6: 87–97. Fig. 3. Destruction of the forest at the study site by humans. Note the Estrada, A.R.
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