WWW.IRCF.ORG/REPTILESANDAMPHIBIANSJOURNALTABLE OF CONTENTS IRCF REPTILES & IRCF AMPHIBIANS REPTILES • VOL &15, AMPHIBIANS NO 4 • DEC 2008 • 189 23(2):110–143 • AUG 2016 IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS CONSERVATION AND NATURAL HISTORY TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCED SPECIES FEATURE ARTICLES . Chasing Bullsnakes (Pituophis catenifer sayi) in Wisconsin: New VerifiedOn the Road to Understanding the Nonindigenous Ecology and Conservation of the Midwest’s Giant Serpent ...................... Amphibians Joshua M. Kapfer 190 . The Shared History of Treeboas (Corallus grenadensis) and Humans on Grenada: A Hypothetical Excursion ............................................................................................................................Robert W. Henderson 198 and ReptilesRESEARCH ARTICLES in Florida through 2015, with a . The Texas Horned Lizard in Central and Western Texas ....................... Emily Henry, Jason Brewer, Krista Mougey, and Gad Perry 204 Summary. The Knight Anole of(Anolis equestris over) in Florida 152 Years of Introductions .............................................Brian J. Camposano, Kenneth L. Krysko, Kevin M. Enge, Ellen M. Donlan, and Michael Granatosky 212 1 1 2 3 3 4 Kenneth L. KryskoCONSERVATION, Louis A. Somma ALERT, Dustin C. Smith , Christopher R. Gillette , Daniel Cueva , Joseph A. Wasilewski , 5 6 7 8 9 10 Kevin M. Enge. , Steve A. Johnson , Todd S. Campbell , Jake R. Edwards , Michael R. Rochford , Rhyan Tompkins , World’s Mammals11 in Crisis .............................................................................................................................................................12 13 14 220 14 Jeffrey. More L. FobbThan Mammals, Scott ...................................................................................................................................................................... Mullin , Christopher J. Lechowicz , Dallas Hazelton , and Alície Warren 223 . The “Dow Jones Index” of Biodiversity ........................................................................................................................................... 225 1Division of Herpetology, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA HUSBANDRY (KLK: [email protected]; LAS: [email protected]) 2North Carolina Zoological Park, 4401 Zoo Parkway, Asheboro, NC 27205, USA ([email protected]) . Captive Care of the Central Netted Dragon ....................................................................................................... Shannon Plummer 226 3Florida International University, Department of Environmental Studies, Modesto Maidique Campus, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, Florida 33199, USA PROFILE (CRG: [email protected]; DC: [email protected]) 4 . KraigNatural Adler: A Selections, Lifetime Promoting 24305 HerpetologySW 142th ................................................................................................Avenue, Homestead, Florida 33032, USA ([email protected]) Michael L. Treglia 234 5Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, 1105 SW Williston Road, Gainesville, Florida 32601, USA ([email protected]) 6Department ofCOMMENTARY Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA ([email protected]) 7 Department. The Turtles of Have Biology, Been WatchingUniversity Me of ........................................................................................................................ Tampa, 401 W. Kennedy Blvd., Tampa, Florida 33606, USA Eric([email protected]) Gangloff 238 8Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, 3205 College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33314, USA ([email protected]) 9University ofBOOK Florida, FortREVIEW Lauderdale Research and Education Center, 3205 College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33314, USA ([email protected]) 10U.S. Fish and Wildlife. Threatened Service, Amphibians Tampa Inspection of the World Office, edited 4662by S.N. Air Stuart, Cargo M. Rd., Hoffmann, Suite #1100, J.S. Chanson, Tampa, N.A. Florida Cox, 33614, USA ([email protected]) 11Miami-DadeR. Berridge, Fire Rescue, P. Ramani, Venom and B.E. Response Young ..............................................................................................................Team, 9300 NW 41st Street, Miami, Florida 33178, USA Robert([email protected]) Powell 243 12Miami-Dade Fire Rescue, 14150 SW 127th Street, Miami, Florida 33186, USA ([email protected]) 13 Wildlife Habitat Management CONSERVATION Program, Sanibel-Captiva RESEARCH REPORTS: Conservation Summaries Foundation, of Published 3333 ConservationSanibel-Captiva Research Road, Reports Sanibel, ................................. Florida 33957, 245 USA ([email protected]) 14Natural Area Management NATURAL Division, HISTORY Miami-Dade RESEARCH County REPORTS Parks,: SummariesRecreation of andPublished Open Reports Spaces, on 22200Natural HistorySW 137th ................................. Avenue, Miami, 247 Florida 33170, USA NEWBRIEFS ......................................................................................................................................................................................(DH: [email protected]; AW: [email protected]) 248 EDITORIAL INFORMATION ..................................................................................................................................................... 251 FOCUS ON CONSERVATION: A Project You Can Support ............................................................................................... 252 Abstract: More nonindigenous species occur in Florida, USA, than any other region worldwide and may threaten many of Florida’s natural resources. The frequency of new reports mandates the need for regular updates. Herein, we use photographic and specimen vouchers in addition to literature records to provide updated information on verified nonindigenous amphibians andFront reptiles Cover. Shannonin Florida. Plummer. Between our mostBack Cover. recent Michael summary Kern in 2012 and the end of 2015, 38 additional species are knownTotat to ethave velleseque been audant intercepted mo (n = 2)Totat or etintroduced velleseque audant (n mo = 36). We also update the invasion estibus inveliquo velique rerchil estibus inveliquo velique rerchil stage of seven species previouslyerspienimus, reported quos from accullabo. Florida Ilibus and reporterspienimus, that quos five accullabo. additional Ilibus taxa are now established. In total, 191 independent known introductionsaut dolor apicto of invere 180 pe herpetofaunal dolum aut taxa dolor led apicto to invere the pe establishment dolum of 63 taxa. This suggests fugiatis maionsequat eumque fugiatis maionsequat eumque that one in three introduced herpetofaunalmoditia erere nonsedis species ma sectiatur becomes establishedmoditia erere nonsedis in Florida. ma sectia -The pet trade represents the most common introduction pathwayma among derrovitae these voluptam, species as quos and a singletur animalma derrovitae importer voluptam, inas Hollywood, Broward County, is the probable source for introductionaccullabo. of a quarter of all herpetofauna introduced to Florida. “In most instances, once introductions have been allowed to establish, no amount of money or effort can change the situation — much as is widely recognized for other lamentable and irreversible developments such as death, amputation, or the invention of disco music.” Fred Kraus (2009) lorida has the largest number of established nonindigenous sion stages, introduction pathways, and earliest introduction Fherpetofaunal species in the world (Krysko et al. 2011a, 2012; dates to previously documented species. Fujisaki et al. 2015). In this paper, we update our previous lists of nonindigenous herpetofaunal species (Krysko et al. 2011a, Methods 2012) by adding newly confirmed introductions and intercep- Vouchers and recent literature were used to add newly- tions, and by providing taxonomic corrections, updated inva- confirmed introduced and intercepted nonindigenous her- Copyright © 2016. Kenneth L. Krysko. All rights reserved. 110 KRYSKO ET AL. IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • 23(2):110–143 • AUG 2016 petofaunal species to the Florida list and update taxonomy, taxa among groups. Statistical analyses were conducted using nomenclature, introduction pathways, and earliest intro- JMP (ver. 11. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina) with duction dates. We used photographic vouchers when physi- α = 0.05. cal specimens were not donated by collectors (Krysko et al. Species accounts are provided for new nonindigenous 2012), eluded capture, or were subsequently lost. species documented for the first time from Florida, although Following Krysko et al. (2011a), we document the cur- the species might have been previously reported in the litera- rent invasion stage of each species using a biological invasion ture. For each species account, we provide comprehensive lit- model (Colautti and MacIsaac 2004) that consists of a series erature on their indigenous and nonindigenous distributions, of six consecutive obligatory stages: and necessary taxonomic and nomenclatural literature as crucial resources for future researchers studying these species. • Stage 0 = Potential invader begins as a resident in its native Nomenclature primarily follows Gamble et al. (2008), Fritz or a donor region. and Havaš (2013), Iverson et al. (2013), Olson and David • Stage 1 = Potential invader is transported to a new area and (2014), Ruane