Basic Offshore Safety: Safety Induction and Emergency Training For
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Downloaded by [New York University] at 10:01 15 August 2016 Basic Offshore Safety • Comprehensive insight into the offshore oil and gas industry for those intending to choose it as a career. • Full syllabus coverage for OPITO’s BOSIET, FOET, MIST and IMIST courses. • Produced in full colour with over 180 images. Basic Offshore Safety covers everything that newcomers to the offshore oil and gas industry need to know prior to travelling offshore or when attending OPITO’s Basic Offshore Safety Induction and Emergency Training (BOSIET), Minimum Industry Safety Training (MIST), Further Offshore Emergency Training (FOET) and International MIST courses. Primarily focused on the oil industry, this book introduces readers to the key safety topics in the offshore support vessel industry and common to the renewable industry. Written in easy to follow steps and including references to both the legislation and guidance where relevant, Abdul Khalique walks the reader through the hazards they are likely to encounter when travelling to, from or working offshore, showing how to minimise risks and deal with any issues that may arise at any stage of the work. Abdul Khalique is an experienced lecturer and manager in the field of maritime and off- shore safety training. His experience includes several years of seafaring as a deck officer fol- lowed by a move to Warsash Maritime Academy as Principal Lecturer for the Maritime and Offshore Safety section, later becoming Senior Lecturer and Deck Cadet Programme Leader at the Shetland School of Nautical Studies. He currently works at Serco Marine Services as a Marine Training Officer. Downloaded by [New York University] at 10:01 15 August 2016 This page intentionally left blank Downloaded by [New York University] at 10:01 15 August 2016 Basic Offshore Safety Safety induction and emergency training for new entrants to the offshore oil and gas industry Abdul Khalique Downloaded by [New York University] at 10:01 15 August 2016 First published 2016 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2016 Abdul Khalique The right of Abdul Khalique to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Every effort has been made to contact copyright-holders. Please advise the publisher of any errors or omissions, and these will be corrected in subsequent editions. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Khalique, Abdul. Basic offshore safety : safety induction and emergency training for new entrants to the offshore oil and gas industry / Abdul Khalique. pages cm 1. Offshore oil well drilling--Safety measures. 2. Offshore gas well drilling--Safety measures. I. Title. TN871.3.K485 2016 622’.338190683--dc23 2015018917 ISBN: 978-1-138-84591-6 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-72782-0 (ebk) Typeset in Sabon by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire Downloaded by [New York University] at 10:01 15 August 2016 Contents About the Author viii Acronyms and Abbreviations ix 1 – Offshore Oil and Gas 1 1.1 Introduction to the Petroleum Industry 1 1.2 Petroleum Formation and Exploration 5 1.3 Offshore Drilling and Production Rigs 21 1.4 Specialised Vessels 34 1.5 Processing Oil and Gas 39 1.6 Utilities on Offshore Platforms and Rigs 40 Notes 46 2 – Controlling Offshore Hazards 47 2.1 Regulating the Offshore Industry 47 2.2 Legislation 49 2.3 Major Incident Hazards 57 2.4 Health and Safety Guidelines for All Workers 76 2.5 Safety Observation Systems 84 2.6 Permit to Work (PTW) 96 2.7 Risk Assessment 102 2.8 Toolbox Talks 116 2.9 Accident Reporting Procedures 119 2.10 Safety Committees and Meetings 120 2.11 Management of Change 124 2.12 Shift Handover Procedures 127 2.13 IOGP Life-Saving Rules 128 Notes 130 3 – Travelling Offshore 132 3.1 Travelling by Helicopter 132 Downloaded by [New York University] at 10:01 15 August 2016 3.2 Travelling by Boat 137 3.3 Medical Care Offshore 140 3.4 Environmental Awareness and Waste Disposal 141 3.5 Hygiene 143 Note 144 4 – Manual Handling and Working at Height 145 4.1 Mechanics of Manual Handling Injury 145 4.2 Management of Manual Handling Operations 147 4.3 Manual Handling Risk Assessment 149 4.4 Basic Manual Handling Technique 150 vi contents 4.5 Lifting and Handling Aids 152 4.6 Manual Handling in Teams 155 4.7 Working at Height 156 4.8 Mechanical Lifting 163 Notes 166 5 – Control of Substances Hazardous to Health 167 5.1 Hazardous Substances Offshore 167 5.2 How Workers Can Be Exposed to Hazardous Substances 170 5.3 PPE Specific to Chemical Applications 179 Note 184 6 – Fire Fighting and Self-Rescue 185 6.1 Fire Prevention 186 6.2 Fire Science 188 6.3 Fire Terminology 190 6.4 Classes of Fire 193 6.5 Extinguishing Fires 193 6.6 Actions on Discovering Fire 194 6.7 Portable Fire Fighting Equipment 195 6.8 Fire Detection and Extinguishing Systems 199 6.9 Fixed Fire Extinguishing Systems 201 6.10 Precautions when Fighting Fires 207 Note 211 7 – Survival at Sea 212 7.1 Offshore Emergencies 212 7.2 Emergency Signals and Procedures 213 7.3 Emergency Alarms and Signals 219 7.4 Offshore Search and Rescue (SAR) and Emergency Organisation 224 7.5 Abandoning an Offshore Installation 227 7.6 Free-fall Lifeboats 245 7.7 Big Persons in Lifeboats 246 7.8 Single Fall TEMPSC 247 7.9 Hyperbaric Lifeboat 248 7.10 Inflatable Liferafts 248 7.11 Davit Launched Liferaft 252 Downloaded by [New York University] at 10:01 15 August 2016 7.12 Hydrostatic Release Unit (HRU) 253 7.13 Aviation Liferafts 254 7.14 Initial Actions to Be Taken in a Liferaft 255 7.15 Pyrotechnics 258 7.16 The Rescue Operation 259 7.17 Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) 262 Notes 266 8 – First Aid in Survival Situations 267 8.1 Prioritise First Aid Actions 267 8.2 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 268 contents vii 8.3 Dealing with Injuries 270 8.4 Ailments 274 8.5 Cold Water Immersion and Hypothermia 274 Bibliography 278 9 – Helicopter Safety and Escape 279 9.1 Regulation of Helicopter Safety 281 9.2 Helicopter Systems and Equipment 283 9.3 Helicopter Crew Training, Qualifications and Checks 290 9.4 Helicopter Maintenance 294 9.5 Role of Passengers in Helicopter Safety 299 9.6 HUET Training Areas Covered 301 9.7 Emergency Breathing Systems (EBS) 303 9.8 Helicopter Underwater Escape Training Using EBS 307 Notes 312 10 – Asset Integrity 313 10.1 Monitoring Assets 314 10.2 Offshore Installation Safety Case 317 10.3 Divisions of Asset Integrity 320 10.4 Employer and Employee Responsibilities for Asset Integrity 321 10.5 Decommissioning 322 Notes 323 11 – Training for the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry 325 11.1 Introduction to OPITO 325 11.2 Emergency and Critical Response Standards 326 11.3 Specialist Emergency Response 334 11.4 Ongoing On-board Development and Training Programme for ERRV Masters and Crews (OODTP) 349 11.5 Industry Training and Competency Standards 349 11.6 OPITO Certification – Validity and Dispensations 350 11.7 Mutual Recognition of Training 351 11.8 Medical Standards for Work in Offshore Oil and Gas Industry 353 Index 355 Downloaded by [New York University] at 10:01 15 August 2016 About the Author Abdul Khalique Master Mariner, MICS, PG Cert. (Shipping), PG Cert. (TQFE), MSc (CBIS), HND Nautical Science, BSc (Maritime Studies). Currently employed at Serco Marine Services as Marine Training Officer, Abdul Khalique began his sea career at Pakistan Marine Academy where he was awarded the President of Pakistan Gold Medal for the best cadet in BSc Maritime Studies. Later on he received the High Achievement Award and the Merchant Navy Association (Tasmania) prize on comple- tion of the Advanced Certificate in Marine Operations (second mate) from the Australian Maritime College. After obtaining an HND in Nautical Science in 2000 from Blackpool and the Fylde College, Fleetwood, United Kingdom, he sailed briefly and then continued his studies to earn an MSc in Computer Based Information Systems from the University of Sunderland. He then studied for the Postgraduate Certificate in Shipping at the New Zealand Maritime School. During his service at sea, he experienced working on several types of vessels including bulk, container, Ro-Pax and offshore support vessels. In 2003, Abdul moved to the Shetland School of Nautical Studies at the NAFC Marine Centre as an HND Nautical Science course developer. He continued in this position until the Centre started training cadets in 2004 when he became a lecturer in Nautical Studies. While in this position, he passed the Institute of Chartered Ship Brokers examination. Continuing with his teaching profession, he also obtained a Postgraduate Certificate in Teaching Qualification for Further Education (TQFE) from the University of Dundee. Later in 2006, he was pro- moted to Senior Lecturer and Cadet Programme Leader for HND Nautical Science where he worked until September 2008 when he moved to Warsash to take up the Principal Lecturer, Maritime & Offshore Safety position at Warsash Maritime Academy (Southampton Solent University).