Projecting Bolshevik Unity, Ritualizing Party Debate: the Thirteenth Party Congress, 1924
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Joseph Stalin Revolutionary, Politician, Generalissimus and Dictator
Military Despatches Vol 34 April 2020 Flip-flop Generals that switch sides Surviving the Arctic convoys 93 year WWII veteran tells his story Joseph Stalin Revolutionary, politician, Generalissimus and dictator Aarthus Air Raid RAF Mosquitos destory Gestapo headquarters For the military enthusiast CONTENTS April 2020 Page 14 Click on any video below to view How much do you know about movie theme songs? Take our quiz and find out. Hipe’s Wouter de The old South African Goede interviews former Defence Force used 28’s gang boss David a mixture of English, Williams. Afrikaans, slang and techno-speak that few Russian Special Forces outside the military could hope to under- stand. Some of the terms Features 34 were humorous, some A matter of survival were clever, while others 6 This month we continue with were downright crude. Ten generals that switched sides our look at fish and fishing for Imagine you’re a soldier heading survival. into battle under the leadership of Part of Hipe’s “On the a general who, until very recently 30 couch” series, this is an been trying very hard to kill you. interview with one of How much faith and trust would Ranks you have in a leader like that? This month we look at the author Herman Charles Army of the Republic of Viet- Bosman’s most famous 20 nam (ARVN), the South Viet- characters, Oom Schalk Social media - Soldier’s menace namese army. A taxi driver was shot Lourens. Hipe spent time in These days nearly everyone has dead in an ongoing Hanover Park, an area a smart phone, laptop or PC plagued with gang with access to the Internet and Quiz war between rival taxi to social media. -
The Historical Legacy for Contemporary Russian Foreign Policy
CHAPTER 1 The Historical Legacy for Contemporary Russian Foreign Policy o other country in the world is a global power simply by virtue of geogra- N phy.1 The growth of Russia from an isolated, backward East Slavic principal- ity into a continental Eurasian empire meant that Russian foreign policy had to engage with many of the world’s principal centers of power. A Russian official trying to chart the country’s foreign policy in the 18th century, for instance, would have to be concerned simultaneously about the position and actions of the Manchu Empire in China, the Persian and Ottoman Empires (and their respec- tive vassals and subordinate allies), as well as all of the Great Powers in Europe, including Austria, Prussia, France, Britain, Holland, and Sweden. This geographic reality laid the basis for a Russian tradition of a “multivector” foreign policy, with leaders, at different points, emphasizing the importance of rela- tions with different parts of the world. For instance, during the 17th century, fully half of the departments of the Posolskii Prikaz—the Ambassadors’ Office—of the Muscovite state dealt with Russia’s neighbors to the south and east; in the next cen- tury, three out of the four departments of the College of International Affairs (the successor agency in the imperial government) covered different regions of Europe.2 Russian history thus bequeaths to the current government a variety of options in terms of how to frame the country’s international orientation. To some extent, the choices open to Russia today are rooted in the legacies of past decisions. -
Bajo El Signo Del Escorpión
Por Juri Lina Bajo el Signo del Escorpión pg. 1 de 360 - 27 de septiembre de 2008 Por Juri Lina pg. 2 de 360 - 27 de septiembre de 2008 Por Juri Lina PRESENTACION Juri Lina's Book "Under the Sign of the Scorpion" is a tremendously important book, self-published in the English language in Sweden by the courageous author. Jüri Lina, has been banned through out the U.S.A. and Canada. Publishers and bookstores alike are so frightened by the subject matter they shrink away and hide. But now, braving government disapproval and persecution by groups that do not want the documented information in Under the Sign of the Scorpion to see the light of day, Texe Marrs and Power of Prophecy are pleased to offer Mr. Lina's outstanding book. Lina's book reveals what the secret societies and the authorities are desperate to keep hidden—how Jewish Illuminati revolutionaries in the United States, Britain, and Germany—including Marx, Lenin, Trotsky, and Stalin—conspired to overthrow the Czar of Russia. It details also how these monsters succeeded in bringing the bloody reign of Illuministic Communism to the Soviet Empire and to half the world's population. Under the Sign of the Scorpion reveals the whole, sinister, previously untold story of how a tiny band of Masonic Jewish thugs inspired by Satan, funded by Illuminati bigwigs, and emboldened by their Talmudic hatred were able to starve, bludgeon, imprison and massacre over 30 million human victims with millions more suffering in Soviet Gulag concentration camps. Fuhrer Adolf Hitler got his idea for Nazi concentration camps from these same Bolshevik Communist butchers. -
Zinoviev (Biography + Primary Sources)
Gregory Zinoviev was born in Yelizavetgrad, Ukraine, Russia on 23rd September, 1883. The son of a Jewish diary farmers, Zinoviev received no formal schooling and was educated at home. At the age of fourteen he found work as a clerk. Zinoviev joined the Social Democratic Party in 1901. He became involved in trade union activities and as a result of police persecution he left Russia and went to live in Berlin before moving on to Paris. In 1903 Zinoviev met Vladimir Lenin and George Plekhanov in Switzerland. At the Second Congress of the Social Democratic Party in London in 1903, there was a dispute between Vladimir Lenin and Jules Martov, two of the party's main leaders. Lenin argued for a small party of professional revolutionaries with alarge fringe of non-party sympathisers and supporters. Martov disagreed believing it was better to have a large party of activists. Martov won the vote 28-23 but Lenin was unwilling to accept the result and formed a faction known as the Bolsheviks. Those who remained loyal to Martov became known as Mensheviks. Leon Trotsky, who got to know him during this period compared him to Lev Kamenev: "Zinoviev and Kamenev are two profoundly different types. Zinoviev is an agitator. Kamenev a propagandist. Zinoviev was guided in the main by a subtle political instinct. Kamenev was given to reasoning and analyzing. Zinoviev was always inclined to fly off at a tangent. Kamenev, on the contrary, erred on the side of excessive caution. Zinoviev was entirely absorbed by politics, cultivating no other interests and appetites. -
Political-Economic Trends Around the World
About the Author Ben Vosloo was born in the Empangeni district, Natal, 4 November 1934. After completing his schooling in Vryheid, he went to the University of Pretoria where he majored in political science and economics taking the BA and MA degrees with distinction. After serving as a teaching and research assistant, he obtained a Ph.D. degree in 1965 at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. On his return to South Africa, Dr Vosloo began his long association with the reform process in the fields of constitutional change, educational reform and economic development. He served as Professor of Political Science and Public Administration at the University of Stellenbosch for 15 years. He was inter alia member of two direction-setting Commissions: the Erika Theron Commission concerning constitutional reform and the De Lange Commission on educational reform. He published widely in academic and professional publications in the fields of management science, political science and development issues. He held offices as a founding member of a number of academic and professional associations such as the S A Political Science Association, the S A Institute for Public Administration and the S A Institute of International Affairs. During his academic career, Prof. Vosloo received several meritorious scholarships and academic awards. Ben Vosloo started his “second” career in 1981 when he was appointed as the founding Managing Director of the newly formed Small Business Development Corporation. He steered the SBDC to its successful track record and its -
Vladimir Putin and Russia's Newest
Association of Former Intelligence Officers The Intelligencer Journal of U.S. Intelligence Studies 7700 Leesburg Pike Ste 324, Falls Church, VA 22043. Volume 22 • Number 2 • $15.00 single copy price Fall 2016 From AFIO's The Intelligencer Web: www.afio.com. Email: [email protected] Journal of U.S. Intelligence Studies Volume 22 • Number 2 • $15 single copy price Fall 2016 © 2016 AFIO - Association of Former Intelligence Officers, All • Karl Bauman – tried in 1937 and shot. Rights Reserved AAcAcAcAcAcctctcctttiiiivvvveveveveveveeeMMMeeeeeeaeaeaaasssssuuurrerererereeeeesssss • Grigory Sokolnikov (member first Politburo)– CoCouunntnttteeringring FFFaaalsselsehoodslsehohooooodsodss,,, DDiissttotoorrtrttteeedd Meeessssssaaagggeesess, arrested in 1937 (“Trial of 17”). Killed in prison and PrPProrooppapagaaggananddaa InInformation Wnfoformrmaattion WaWaarfare/Activerrfafarere/e/A/AcAccttiviveve Measures Measasurerees— — OverduerdrdueOverdue OvOveve ••• CouCounterntnteterringCountering tthethe VViirrtutuatalVirtual by the NKVD. CaCaCaliphaliphaattete •A• SA StratStrtrarategyratatteegyegy forgy foforr WinninWiWinningnningg WoWoWWorldorldrrldWWWaaar IVr IVIVV••• StSSttalin'staalialin'sn's's DiDiscDisciplissciplplee: Ve:Vladaddimimir VladVl ir PPutin andaandnd We"WPututin """WWeeett Affairs"AAffffafairAffairs"rs"s" ••• CIACIAIACIA ClandestineClandClandestineeesstine BroadcastingBroBroadroadcastingaddccasassting•• • Early EEaEaarlyrrlyly WWaWaarningarningtornrningo tot PoPoland TeTe•eaching acachingTPoland Intelligence: Intntetelligencce: Five FivFiveiveve -
The Meaning of the Soviet Trials
OF THE INCLUDING f HE OFFICIAL TEXT OF THE INDICTMENT OF THE BUKHARIN - TROTSKY ITE BLOC INTRODUCTION ' BY WILLIAM Z* FOSTER INTRODUCTION HE sound and the fury set up by the enemies of the Soviet Union around the Trotskyite- TBidcharin trials should confuse no one. The first workers' and farmcrs' government is today bring- ing to justice the last of the leading groups of pro-fascist plotters, promoters of war, and sabotages of socialist progress. The Soviet people are building a gteat, new, free society, instead of the old society where the rich exploit the poor; they are uniting the nations of one-sixth of the earth's surface into a sin- gle classless commonwealth. Those who are trying to stop this progress by treason and assassination, to betray the Soviet people into the hands of the fascist barbarians, must expect to pay the price of their treachery when caught. When Aaron Burr, one-time Vice-President of the tTnited States, together with some army officers and abut 2,000 co-conspirators, attempted to betray the young United States republic and was properly crushed, Thomas Jefferson declared concerning the ensuing furore: "On the whole, this squall, by showing with what eax our government suppresses movemenxs which in other countries requires armies, has greatly increased its strength hy increasing the puhlic ctmfidcrlce in it." This well applies to the Soviet government today. The crushitlg of the 'Trotskyist-Bukharinist unprin- cipled and areerist plotters is a gain for humanity. To yield to the misguided liberal-who, under the 2 illusion that they are demanding democracy, want to give a free hand to these wretched conspiracies-- would be to endanger the safety of 1 73,000,000 So- viet ~eople,not to speak of the peace of the world. -
The Meaning of the Soviet Trials
University of Central Florida STARS PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements 1-1-1938 The meaning of the Soviet trials Emelian Yaroslavskii Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/prism University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Book is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Yaroslavskii, Emelian, "The meaning of the Soviet trials" (1938). PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements. 273. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/prism/273 OF THE INCLUDING f HE OFFICIAL TEXT OF THE INDICTMENT OF THE BUKHARIN - TROTSKY ITE BLOC INTRODUCTION ' BY WILLIAM Z* FOSTER INTRODUCTION HE sound and the fury set up by the enemies of the Soviet Union around the Trotskyite- TBidcharin trials should confuse no one. The first workers' and farmcrs' government is today bring- ing to justice the last of the leading groups of pro-fascist plotters, promoters of war, and sabotages of socialist progress. The Soviet people are building a gteat, new, free society, instead of the old society where the rich exploit the poor; they are uniting the nations of one-sixth of the earth's surface into a sin- gle classless commonwealth. Those who are trying to stop this progress by treason and assassination, to betray the Soviet people into the hands of the fascist barbarians, must expect to pay the price of their -
4 Josef Stalin and the USSR
4 JOSEF STALIN AND THE USSR One of the most important leaders of the USSR during the 20th century, Josef Stalin established the political and economic structure that remained in place until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. This chapter will cover Stalin’s rise to power and how he was able to consolidate his control of the USSR both before and after World War II. Timeline – 1879–1953 1879 Stalin is born on 21 December in the town of Gori in Georgia, Russia. 1894 Stalin enters Tiflis Theological Seminary. 1898 The Russian Social Democratic Workers’ Party (RSDLP) is established. 1899 Stalin is expelled from Tiflis Seminary. 1902 Stalin is involved in illegal political activity; he is arrested and exiled to Siberia. 1903 The RSDLP splits into Bolsheviks and Mensheviks. 1905 Revolution breaks out in Russia; Stalin meets Lenin for the first time. 1914 World War I breaks out. 1917 The March Revolution takes place in Russia; Tsar Nicholas II abdicates; Lenin returns to Josef Stalin Petrograd in April; Stalin arrives in Petrograd and becomes one of the editors of Pravda. The Bolshevik Revolution takes place in October; Stalin is appointed Commissar for Nationalities. 1918 The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk is signed with Germany; civil war breaks out in Russia; Stalin is placed in charge of Red Army forces in Tsaritsyn. 1921 The New Economic Policy is introduced. 1922 The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) is founded; Stalin is appointed General Secre- tary of the Communist Party. 1924 Lenin dies in January; the ‘troika’ oppose Trotsky; Stalin proposes his theory of ‘Socialism in One Country’. -
The Death of Lenin
BACKGROUND GUIDE THE DEATH OF LENIN 2 Hello Delegates, I am so excited to meet you all in November! My name is Jacqueline Ovsenek and I will be your director for the Death of Lenin committee. I cannot wait to see what you all come up with once our committee has started. This committee will be a fast-paced fight for power of the Soviet Union. Delegates are encouraged to work together to achieve their goals, whether they be singular or communal. In the following background guide, I provide a brief history of Russia from St. Petersburg’s foundation until the Revolution. I also included a basic understanding of the Soviet government system and economy, but I encourage you all to do some more research because I know it seems like a convoluted system (which many of you may look at reforming!). That being said, SSICsim is a novice friendly competition, and I do not expect you to come in as political experts. Mainly, I want you to come into the conference with some background knowledge and a positive attitude. I hope you all come in ready to have fun because that is what Model UN is all about. I am a third-year economics student at UofT. Other than SSICsim, I work at the Economics Study Centre at UofT and take part in UTMUN. I also play on the Trinity College intramural soccer team! Outside of school, I love watching movies, watching tv shows, baking, and reading. My all-time favourite show is Arrested Development, and while I do not have one favourite movie, I do have a tier of favourites (which I am happy to share for whoever is interested, though I doubt very many people will be). -
The Crimes of the Stalin Era. — 1956
THE CRIMES OF THE STALIH ERA SPECIAL REPORT TO THE 20TH CONGRESS OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF THE SOVIET UNIOtt BY NIKITA S. KHRUSHCHEV First Secretary, Communist Party of the Soviet Union ANNOTATED BY BORIS /. NKOLAEVSKY tb. new • 1956 • Leader Introduction r. Isaac Deutscher concluded his controversial biography of Joseph Stalin, published in 1949, by classing the Soviet ruler as a “great Mrevolutionary despot” like Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte. It was a historical verdict which many, as unfamiliar with Stalin as they were with Cromwell and Napoleon, accepted. A few months ago, Staling successor and former “close comrade-in-arms.” Nikita Khrushchev, provided the evidence to place Stalin in a class by himself, beyond Caligula, Philip II of Spain and perhaps even Adolf Hitler. Moscow has not published the full text of the Khrushchev indictment: but even this partial text, released by the U.S. State Department, i- a healthy antidote to 30 years of pro-Stalinist apologetics. At the same time, it does less than justice to Stalin’s predecessors and successors. To understand the dictatorship of Stalin, as it is described by Khrushchev, one must also understand the dictatorship of Lenin and of Khrushchev and his colleagues. The Communist party came to power in Russia by force, overthrowing an eight-month democratic regime which had made Russia (in Lenin’s .own words) “the freest country in the world.” The. coup d'etat of November 7, 1917, actually led by Leon Trotsky, was quickly followed by repression of democratic parties and institutions. In December 1917, the Communist terror apparatus, known as the Cheka, was set up, and it has continued to function ever since—under the successive names of OGPU, NKVD and MVD-MGB. -
Origins and Developments of Authoritarian and Single-Part States
Access to History for the IB Diploma Origins and development of authoritarian and single-party states Michael Lynch For Elizabeth Suzanne Clare The material in this title has been developed independently of the International Baccalaureate®, which in no way endorses it. The Publishers would like to thank the following for permission to reproduce copyright material: Photo credits p.33 Bettmann/Corbis; p.41 © David King Collection; p.48 t © Fotosearch/Getty Images, b © Michael Nicholson/Corbis; p.89 © Photos 12/Alamy; p.93 © 2000 Topham Picturepoint/TopFoto; p.97 © Mary Evans Picture Library/Weimar Archive; p.112 © Cody Images; p.123 © Bettmann/Corbis; p.182 © 2003 Topham Picturepoint/TopFoto; p.210 © OFF/AFP/Getty Images; p.224 © Picture Alliance/Photoshot; p.245 © AP/Press Association Images; p.257 Poster courtesy of the Museum für Gestaltung Zürich, Plakatsammlung, © ZHdK; p.272 © AP/Press Association Images; p.295 © TopFoto; p.312 © Roger-Viollet/TopFoto. Acknowledgements Guy Arnold: from Africa: A Modern History (Atlantic Books, 2005); IndexMundi: Tables: Infant mortality rates in different countries and regions; Life expectancy in different countries and regions; Literacy rates in different countries and regions, from www.indexmundi.com; Guido Indij: ‘The Twenty Truths’, quoted in Perón Meidante, translated by Mitchell Abidor (La Manca Editora, 2006); Robert Service: from Stalin: A Biography (Macmillan, 2004); World Bank: Table showing World Development Indicators for Tanzania, from Bank/Tanzania Relations, 1990. PFPs, IMF RED (1999). Every effort has been made to trace all copyright holders, but if any have been inadvertently overlooked the Publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.