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Toft, Mark Anthony 8300365 Toft, Mark Anthony NEW SYSTEMATIC SYNTHESES OF SOME BORON HYDRIDES AND SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RHODIUM(III) AND NICKEL(II) METALLOPENTABORANES The Ohio State University PH.D. 1982 University Microfilms International 300 N. Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, MI 48106 Copyright 1983 by Toft, Mark Anthony All Rights Reserved NEW SYSTEMATIC SYNTHESES OF SOME BORON HYDRIDES AND SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RHODIUM(III) AND NICKEL ( I I ) METALLOPENTABORANES DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Mark Anthony T oft, B.S. ***** The Ohio State University 1982 Reading Committee: Approved By Dr. Eugene P. Schram Dr. C. Weldon Mathews Dr. Sheldon G. Shore A d v is e r Department of Chemistry t o E r r i n ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Sheldon G. Shore for his support and assistance throughout the course of my research. G rateful acknowledgement is also due to the members of Professor Shore's research group, especially Dr. John B. Leach and Dr. Thomas A. Schmitkons. I would like to thank my parents for their financial and moral support. Finally, I would like to thank Bobbie Cassity for typing this dissertation. VITA December 17, 1954 Born - Sandusky, Ohio 1977 ........................... B.S., Heidelberg College Tiffin, Ohio 1977-1979 Teaching A ssociate, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1979=1982 Research Associate, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State U niversity, Columbus, Ohio PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, AWARDS Toft, M.A.; Leach, J.B.; Himpsl, F.L .; Shore, S.G., "New, Systematic Syntheses of Boron Hydrides Via Hydride Ion Abstraction Reactions: Preparations of B-H,, B.H-n, B(.H1, , an d Bl 0Hl4 ," Inorg. Chem.. 1982, 21, 1952. 1 3 Leach, J.B.; Toft, M.A.; Himpsl, F.L.; Shore, S.G., "New, Systematic, Good Yield Syntheses of Boron Hydrides: Preparation of B.H.n and BcH.,. A Practical Conversion of B5Hg t o B 1oHi 4 '" Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 988. Remmel, R.J.; Denton, D.L.; Leach, J.B .; Toft, M.A.; Shore, S.G., "Hexaborane(10) Derivatives: Relative A cidities of 7-ru n h and 5-Rr-n h anfl nmr Spectra of 2-CH.B H ", „B^H0)„," Inorg. CHeft. 1981, Shore, S.G.; Toft, M.A. "A Dry Process for Producing Diborane," U.S. Patent applied for September 1981. Shore, S.G.; Toft, M.A.; Himpsl, F.L. "Preparation of Decaborane(14) Through Hydride Ion Abstraction Reactions," U.S. Patent applied for July 1981. Boocock, S.K.; Toft, M.A.; Shore, S.G. "Syntheses of M etalloboranes: Crystal and Molecular Structure of (h4-B.Hg)Ir(CO)(PMe2Ph) , an Analogue of Pentaborane(11) and a Metal-1,3-Butadiene Complex" National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, New York, August 1981. iv V VITA (CONT'D) Keller, P.C.; Himpsl, F.L.; Toft, M.A.; Boocock, S.K.; Shore, S.G. "Studies on the Conversion of B-Hg to BqH . , B9Hi3 (ligand), and B^qH 2 2 " 181st National Meeting of tne American Chemical Society, A tlanta, Georgia, March 1981. Toft, M.A.; Leach, J.B .; Himpsl, F.L.; Shore, S.G. "New, Systematic, Good Yield Synthesis of Boron Hydrides: Preparation of and B 5H1 1 . A Practical Conversion of B5H9 to BtqH,4." Second Chemical Congress of the North American Continent, Las Vegas, Nevada, August 1980. 1981 Graduate Research Award, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, "New, Systematic Syntheses of Boranes and M etalloboranes." v TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS............................................................................................ i i i VITA ........................................................................................................... i v LIST OF TABLES................................................................................................. X x i LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................ INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 1 I. General Background 1 II. Traditional Syntheses of Tetraborane(10) and Pentaborane(11) 7 III. Tetraborane(10) Chemistry 15 A. Preparation of B4Hl0 B. Physical Properties of b 4h 1 q C. Structure of B.H.n 4 10 D. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra of Tetraborane(10) E. Reactions of b 4b ^ q F. The Nonahydrotetraborate(-l) Anion IV. Use of Borane Anions as Ligands in Transition Metal Complexes V. Metallopentaborane Species VI. Statement of the Problem EXPERIMENTAL ............................................................................................................ I. Apparatus A. Vacuum System B. Glove Box C . G la s s w a re D. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra vi CONTENTS (CONT'D) Page E. X-Ray Powder D iffraction F. Infrared Spectra G. Mass Spectra H. Low T e m p e ra tu re F r a c t i o n a t i o n Column II. Solvents 48 III. Reagents 49 IV . Preparation of Starting Materials 54 A. Tetrabutylammonium Tetrahydroborate B. Methyltriphenylphosphonium Iodide C. Methyltriphenylphosphonium Chloride D. Methyltriphenylphosphonium Tetrahydro­ b o r a te E. Tetrabutylammonium Octahydrotriborate(-1) F. Tetrabutylammonium Chlorotrihydro- b o r a t e ( - 1 ) G. Tetramethylammonium Tetradecahydronona- b o r a t e ( - 1 ) H. Hexaborane (10) I. Tetrabutylammonium Nonahydrohexaborate(-1) J . Cyclopentadiene K. Potassium Cyclopentadienide L. Tris(triphenylphosphine)chlororhodium (I) M. 1,2-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethanedibromo- n i c k e l ( I I ) Reactions 59 A. Preparation of B.H. and the New Anions iHBBr ]— and IHBCI,]-^ Attempted Preparation of [HBF^]” . vii CONTENTS (CONT'D) p ag e B. Preparation of B_Hg from NaBH and BF_. A Dry Process C. Preparation of B^L^q D. Preparation of B^H^^ E. Preparation of B.-H ..A . InIn situs____ Synthesis o f IB 0H. ] “ from BcHq i n 85-9■90% Y ie ld 9 14 — 5 9 F. Reactions of [N(n-C.HJ .] [B.H Br] with BBr^• Preparation of 2-BrB 4 Hg and B 4 H10 G. Attempted [BH-] Addition to [B-H ] and (B H ]. Reaction of IN(n-C.H;?)']- IBH3CI] with BC13 y q H. Preparation of BfiH . Attempted Prepara­ tion of the Unknown Boron Hydride I. Synthesis of Metallopentaboranes from B.H The Novel Complexes I (C,H ) P]_Rh(H)B.H and [(C-H ) P(CH ) P(C O-TNiB H-. q a A tte m p te d S y n th e s is o f ((?,.«,.) Co 84Hg RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ................................................................................. 86 Hydride Ion Abstraction in the Systematic, High Yield Syntheses of Boron Hydrides 86 A. B-H- from BH ~. Characterization of [HBBr3]“ and [HBC13]" B. B.H._ from B_H~ 4 10 3 8_ C. B-H,.. from B.H “ 5 11 4 9 D* B10H14 fr0m B9H14~ through B5h 9 E. 2-B rB 4 Hg from B ^ B r " F. B6H10 from (b 6h 1 1 J G. Attempts to Synthesize B^H^ from B^ H 1 2 " H. Attempted Addition of BH- to B-H and B9H13 V*a the An^on IBH 3a i ] “ viii CONTENTS (CONT'Di Page II. Use of KfB.H-] in the Synthesis of Metallo- pentaboranes 112 III. Characterization of [P(C..H-),] _Rh(H)B.HQ 113 6 3 o 2 4 8 A. Boron-11 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra of [P (CgH 5 ) 3 ] 2Rh(H)B4 Hg B. Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectra of [P(C6 H5 ) 3 ] 2 Rh(H)B4H8 IV. Characterization of (Diphos)NiB 4 Hg 123 A. Boron-11 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra of [Diphos]NiB 4 Hg B. Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectra of [Diphos]NiB 4 Hg LIST OF REFERENCES .................................................................................. 132 LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Physical Properties of Some Boron Hydrides 3 2. Classical Routes to Tetraborane(10) 9 3. Classical Routes to Pentaborane(11) 10 4. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Data for B4Hg 28 5. Reactants, Conditions, and Yields in the Preparation of B 2Hg from IM] [BH4J 87 6 . Reactants, Conditions, and Yields in the Preparation of B^H^q from [M][BjHg] 92 7. Reactants, Conditions, and Yields in the Preparation of from KIB^H^] 96 8. Reactants, Conditions, and Yields in the Preparation of B 10Hi 4 from 99 9. Comparative Yields of 2-BrB^Hg an d B4H^g x LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1. Closed Triangular-faced Polyhedra ............................ 5 2. Structural Classes of Cluster Compounds . 6 3. Examples of the Structural Classes of Boranes 8 4. Cross-section of a Hot-Cold Reactor ....................... 12 5. Interconversion of Boranes ............................................. 13 6 . Structure of B.H,_ ........................................................................ 16 4 10 7. 32.1 MHz Boron-11 NMR Spectra of B^H^Q. 18 8. 100 MHz Proton NMR Spectra of 19 9. Symmetrical (A) and Unsymmetrical (B) Cleavage of B 4Hl 0 ....................................................................... 21 10. Hydrogen Substitution Reactions of B^H^q . 23 11. Deprotonation Reactions of B^H^Q .................................. 24 12. Low Temperature 32.1 MHz Boron-11 NMR Spectrum o f IB 4 H9 ] “ ............................................................................................ 25 13. 100 MHz Proton NMR Spectrum of IB^H^] . 26 14. Low Temperature Structure of [B^Hg] .... 27 15. Bonding Interactions of Metals with Borane A n i o n s .................................................................................................. 31 16. Metalloborane and Boron Hydride Isostructural A n a l o g s .................................................................................................. 32 17. Structures of Known Metalloboranes Containing t h e B^Hg M o i e t y ............................................................................ 34 18. Structure of Ir(CO)(PMe 2P h )2B4Hg ............................. 35 xi FIGURES (CONT'D) Figure Page 19. Proposed Structure of Cu (PPh^) 2B4H9 ....................... 36 20. Vacuum E xtractor ........................................................................ 44 21. Decaborane(14) Sublimation Apparatus .... 71 22. 96.27 MHz Boron-11 NMR Spectra of [HBBr ]" and IHBCI^]” at Ambient Temperature in CD 2CI2 89 23. 96.27 MHz Boron-11 NMR Spectra of iMe.N](B H ] in d8-THF at Ambient Tem perature ........................... 104 24. 96.27 MHz Boron-11 NMR Spectra of 2-BrB.H i n CD2C12 a t - 2 0 ° ....................................................... 107 25. 300 MHz Proton NMR Spectrum of 2-BrB Hp in CD2C12 at -20° (Boron-11 Broad-band decoupled) 108 26.
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