Evaluating the Extent of the Traditional Timbisha Shoshone Homeland Ashley K. Parker∗& Brian F. Codding Department of Anthropology, University of Utah Report Prepared for the Timbisha Shoshone Tribe July 25, 2016 ∗corresponding author; email:
[email protected] 1 [this page intentionally left blank] 2 July 25, 2016 Executive Summary The focus of this report is to define the boundary of the traditional Timbisha Shoshone homeland, specifically examining the southern boundary, based on the limited ethnographic data recorded from approximately 1849 to the present, government records, historical docu- ments, family histories and contemporary land use. Results identify important locations on the landscape, including settlements, resources, and movements from the late Pre-European period to the present. This work was conducted by researchers in the Department of Anthro- pology at the University of Utah at the request the Tribal Council of the Timbisha Shoshone Tribe. For the purposes of this report we have identified three distinct periods of Timbisha history|Pre-contact, Historic, Modern|and organized the report accordingly, focusing on Timbisha population movements just prior to contact, during the time settlers came into the area and forced the Timbisha out of their traditional territories, and ongoing displacement today. Rather than detailing complete local histories and legal battles, we associate a times and places with population settlements and land-use areas. Prior to the European incursion, traditional core territories of Timbisha Shoshone bands include Saline Valley, the northern end of Indian Wells Valley, Panamint Valley, Death Val- ley, and the Coso Range. While the southern most population centers are large single-family village clusters around Little Lake and Coso Springs, their southern territory likely extended to the Coso and Argus Ranges, northern Indian Wells Valley, Trona, and the southern end of Death Valley.