HUMAN RIGHTS HANDBOOK FOR LOCAL AND REGIONAL AUTHORITIES VOL.1

FIGHTING AGAINST DISCRIMINATION French edition: Manuel sur les droits de l’homme pour les élus locaux et régionaux. Vol.1 Reproduction of the texts in this publication is authorized provided that the full title of the source, namely the Council of Europe, is cited. If they are intended to be used for commercial purposes or translated into one of the non-official languages of the Council of Europe, please contact [email protected]. Printing and graphic design: OPTEMIS Photos: Council of Europe – Shutterstock Edition: February 2019 HUMAN RIGHTS HANDBOOK FOR LOCAL AND REGIONAL AUTHORITIES VOL.1

FIGHTING AGAINST DISCRIMINATION

Page 1 Human rights handbook for Local and regional authorities

All these contents are available on the following website which is regularly updated with initiatives developed by European local and regional authorities in the field of Human rights.

www.coe.int/congress-human-rights

For more information: Council of Europe Congress of Local and regional Authorities Monitoring Committee

[email protected]

Tel: +33 3 88 41 21 10

Page 2 Contents

Gudrun MOSLER-TÖRNSTRÖM, President of the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe 5 Harald BERGMANN, Congress Spokesperson on Human Rights 7 Foreword 9 WHY PUBLISH A HUMAN RIGHTS HANDBOOK? 13 Why engage with human rights? 14 How can you make use of the handbook on human rights? 15 What are human rights? 16 The role of local and regional authorities: what do human rights provisions mean for your city or region in practice? 17 How can you respond to local challenges with human rights? 19 Why is the issue of non-discrimination at the centre of human rights at local level? 21 REFUGEES - ASYLUM SEEKERS - MIGRANTS INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS (IDPs) 25 PART I Definitions 26 PART II What are their rights? 31 PART III Challenges in practice 33 PART IV Responses 35 Facilitating integration into your community 35 Providing adequate housing 46 Enhancing integration in the labour market and economy 51 Protecting vulnerable groups (women, unaccompanied minors) 59 Providing better access to education 63 Countering hate speech and acts of violent extremism 68 PART V Recommendations 74 PART VI Reference texts and further reading 77 ROMA - TRAVELLERS 79 PART I Definitions 80 PART II What are their rights? 82 PART III Challenges in practice 85

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PART IV Responses 88 Council of Europe support programmes for local authorities 88 Integration in local community life (including housing and political participation) 91 Integration and protection of Roma children 97 Access to education 102 Health service 106 Integration into the labour market 109 Fight against anti-gypsyism and awareness-raising of Roma culture/identity 111 PART V Recommendations 117 PART VI Reference texts and further reading 120 LGBTI 123 PART I Definitions 124 PART II What are their rights? 128 PART III Challenges in practice 130 PART IV Responses 132 Access to social rights and services (including employment, healthcare and housing) 132 Developments in local and regional legislation 136 Awareness-raising, education, visibility and mainstreaming in policy-making processes 139 Co-operation between authorities 146 Safety and security 148 PART V Recommendations 151 PART VI Reference texts and further reading 153 REFERENCES TO CITED INITIATIVES 155

Page 4 Gudrun MOSLER-TÖRNSTRÖM President of the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe (2016 - 2018)

Nobody questions any longer the role of local and regional authorities as important actors at the forefront of human rights protection.

I have been able to witness, through my experience as regional and European representative, the progress achieved in the field of promoting human rights in our municipalities and regions. As a member of the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities since 2009, I remember how challenging it was for us, at the very beginning, to advocate human rights protection as not solely a prerogative of national governments; to us, local and regional authorities must share responsibility for implementing human rights at the grass-roots level.

Today, as the first female President of the Congress, I am proud of the direction in which ideas have evolved owing to the commitment and tireless work of Congress members and our partners in the area of human rights. Congress members in their different functions as mayors, councillors and governors are responsible for a variety of public services such as education, health and housing which go hand in hand with human rights implementation.

The question now is how to better secure human rights while implementing the local policies that most closely affect the citizens in our communities.

Fulfilling this responsibility is in no way an easy task. We must comply with our human rights duties against the backdrop of an economic crisis, unprecedented migrant flows and the rise of extremism. Every day we face the competing interests of various social groups and we need to tackle conflicting situations in a non-discriminatory, transparent and inclusive manner, all the while observing human rights.

International human rights standards are constantly developing and new international treaties come into force covering new generations of human rights. This makes it crucial for all policy makers to keep up with the pace.

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What do we, as local and regional representatives, need to know in order to respect human rights in our everyday activities? What opportunities do human rights open to us? What responsibilities do they entail? And what are the challenges we must face?

I felt that contributing to finding solutions to these issues is not only my duty as President of a Congress that brings together over 150 000 local and regional authorities in 47 European States, but also my passion as Vice-President of the Regional Parliament of Salzburg. Harald Bergmann, the Congress Spokesperson on Human Rights and Mayor of Middelburg (Netherlands), and I believe that solutions may be found through exploring a wide variety of successful examples of human rights promotion and protection at grass-roots level, implemented by various local authorities in the Council of Europe member States.

That is how the idea of this handbook was born.

In the course of its preparation we received precious support from the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights, the European Agency for Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the Raoul Wallenberg Institute of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law. I extend my warmest thanks to them for their excellent work and co-operation.

We decided to make the right to non-discrimination the main focus of this handbook, dedicating it to specific groups of people who need our particular attention, such as refugees, asylum seekers, migrants and IDPs, Roma and Travellers and LGBTI people.

It is our firm conviction that solidarity should guide our policies at all levels of government in order to ensure stability and social progress in the whole of Europe. To achieve this goal, we encourage the local and regional representatives as well as the personnel of territorial administrations to make use of this handbook in their everyday work and in the interest of the welfare of their citizens and the strengthening of grassroots democracy.

Let’s make today’s challenges tomorrow’s opportunities!

Page 6 Harald BERGMANN Congress Spokesperson on Human Rights

As Spokesperson on Human Rights of the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe, Mayor of the city of Middelburg in the Netherlands and, most importantly, as a citizen with a firm commitment to the fundamental values and rights upon which Europe was built, I am proud to present the Human Rights Handbook for Local and Regional Authorities.

Under the umbrella of the Congress Human Rights Action Plan 2016-2017, this Handbook is a hands- on guide, prepared for local and regional decision-makers, which aims at raising awareness, presenting best practice examples and providing concrete guidance on how to shape a human rights approach in our municipalities and regions. The Congress is the only international body so far to develop such an instrument for the promotion of human rights at local and regional level.

After an introduction on the application of human rights in grassroots policies, the handbook analyses the challenges for local and regional authorities and presents best practices.

The focus of this edition of the handbook is on the right to non-discrimination, in particular, towards three target groups: refugees, asylum seekers, migrants and IDPs; Roma and Travellers and LGBTI people.

The choice of these focus groups was endorsed by the Monitoring Committee of the Congress, after extensive consultations with its members, when the Congress Human Rights Action Plan was discussed at one of its meetings in 2016. Since then, the work on this Handbook has been a regular item on the Committee’s agenda, and the Committee will soon be invited to discuss the choice of themes for the next edition.

I would underline that this Handbook is not intended to be and will never be exhaustive, either with regard to the choice of themes, or with regard to examples of best practice. It has rather been designed as a work in progress, which will continue to develop, as it is enriched by new suggestions and experiences.

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The thematic analysis for these three groups is structured in six sections: a short definition of the respective group, a description of their rights, the challenges they face in practice, a collection of best practices implemented with success in European cities and regions, and finally, reference texts and further readings.

All in all, we have collected more than 65 practice examples from more than 23 countries, ranging from small villages to cross-border regions.

Under every practice example you will find the contact details of the responsible authority. We invite you to use the contact information and approach the authorities, give your feedback, exchange information and discuss possible future co-operation. After all, the practice examples are there to inspire and encourage you to draft your own human rights-based policies or adapt the examples presented here to your own local needs!

Finally, we also make reference to several local, national and international initiatives developed by organisations, associations and NGOs. This could also be a starting point for co-operation with your community.

We do not need to reinvent the wheel: initiatives and best practices already exist and all of us deal with issues containing human rights components on a day-to- day basis. This handbook shows that promoting a human rights perspective in our daily work does not necessarily mean more resources or legal and technical constraints. Instead, embracing the human rights component is a political opportunity to strengthen social cohesion and reinforce the effectiveness of our policies.

As a mayor I will certainly use this handbook in my work and I invite you to do the same.

Page 8 FOREWORD This handbook is the outcome of a collective discussion in the Expert Group on Human Rights at the Local Level, chaired by Congress Spokesperson Harald Bergmann, to which I had the opportunity to contribute as a scholar and expert.

The idea behind this work, which I have explored in my own research, is that cities and regions deliver human rights but can also help rethinking them by operating in close proximity with a variety of situations and challenges emerging within the space of the city and region. As such, cities and regions are not simply executors but rather, and increasingly, protagonists in the field of human rights.

If an increasing number of local and regional leaders are engaging with human rights, working in close co-operation with academics, experts and human rights institutions, is because they have understood that human rights can enhance their capacity to govern cities and regions towards building better cities and regions.

To help you achieve the same goal, this handbook explains what a human rights approach to government should look like: knowing your obligations as a public authority but also tackling issues and problems from a human rights perspective. A human rights approach should involve not only you but also those who work with and for you. I have had many conversations especially with city staff in the context of my research. Their ideas and stories have taught me how, by engaging with human rights in their routine interventions, they have been able not simply to secure human rights but also, and quite crucially, to use them to respond to a variety of needs raised by people.

This handbook focuses on three groups: refugees, asylum seekers, migrants and IDPs; Roma and Travellers; and LGBTI people. There was never a doubt within the Expert Group that these three groups have become the target of increasing hostility. Human rights oblige all of us to assume responsibility and take action. When hostility becomes pervasive, tensions are generated that compromise not only the rights of specific groups but also the quality of life of all the people who inhabit our cities and regions.

A well-functioning human rights approach is about involving members of these three groups in designing local action and policy towards meeting their needs. Councils and other participatory projects illustrated in this handbook can help achieve this goal. Associations that give voice to the members of these groups can provide plenty of information about concrete needs that have to be met in

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your city and region. You may think this is expensive but this handbook shows how practical solutions on issues such as the right to housing, or health, can be reached even with few resources provided that those who can and want to help are involved from the beginning.

At the same time, think about involving all your cities and regions in the conversation. If hostility exists, against these or any groups, it must be acknowledged as tackling it becomes part of the solution you can offer to any violation of human rights, towards building confidence and solidarity within your community. Human rights can provide a useful platform for this conversation because they are for everybody, not just for some, and they should be understood as such. We all need human rights and, at some point in our life, we may need them more because of our human vulnerabilities.

Like any good conversation, this conversation should also be premised on facts. The handbook introduces initiatives that challenge myths and stereotypes. If necessary, some of the examples reported in this handbook can be used to discuss the positive impact of human rights for the entire city and region. Human rights can help improve life in neighbourhoods, revitalise small towns, and sustain a positive and fair economic development, in a way that benefits all.

It has been a pleasure to work on this project with the other members of the Expert Group and I really hope that the handbook, while evolving through different editions, will help you build better cities and regions.

Dr Michele Grigolo, Lecturer in Sociology Nottingham Trent University (Nottingham, United Kingdom)

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Why Publish a Human rights handbook ?

Page 13 Human rights handbook for local and regional authorities

WHY ENGAGE WITH HUMAN RIGHTS? Human rights are universal. They and integrating human rights in your concern us all, but you in particular. daily work is not simply a means to No matter whether you are an comply with your legal obligations. elected politician or member of On the contrary, embracing rights

Why human rights ? human rights Why an administration, or whether you can mean more effective policies, work at the local or regional level. more social cohesion. It necessarily As representative of, or civil servant leads to more content citizens, a within, a public authority, you have a more resilient and positive image of central role in guaranteeing the rights your administration and can increase of your citizens. Human rights imply economic development, citizen responsibilities, but above all, they participation and promote your bring opportunities. Understanding political image.

Integrating human rights is not simply a good cause but a political opportunity When exercising your competences, undeniable fact. You are a human you take actions and decisions that rights champion: whatever the degree concern the daily life of your citizens of competences of your authority, you and consequently the enjoyment of protect and promote your citizens’ their basic rights. To put it simply, rights every day. human rights concern the relationship Embracing this responsibility and between citizens and public authorities. taking the opportunity to put the Your level of governance is the one rights and interest of your citizens closest to citizens, the one that people at the centre of your policies is what interact with on an everyday basis. Your we call a human rights approach. In decisions affect them most directly, and times of financial cuts, an increase you are at the level that best knows in competences and new political the problems they face and how to challenges, such as the reception and find lasting solutions in the interest of integration of refugees, radicalisation your citizens. At the same time, you are or rural depopulation you may ask: But also accountable to your citizens and what about the costs of human rights? primarily responsible for safeguarding In fact, embracing human rights does their rights. This responsibility is an not necessarily mean more financial

Page 14 costs. Often it is about rethinking, Did you reassessing and adapting what you do know? and how you do it.

Understanding human rights and …that today, integrating them in your policy-making countries have is not only a tool for improving the adhered to hundreds Why human rights ? human rights Why impact of existing politics but also for of human rights solving new problems — better, faster treaties around the and importantly, less expensively. You world: do not have to reinvent the wheel but Some are universal treaties… instead build on existing structures e.g. the Int. Covenant on Civil and policies. Exchange practices with and Political Rights (1966) your colleagues or reach out to NGOs, associations or educational institutes Some relate to groups that in your city or region. They will support require specific protection… you with their expertise throughout the e.g. Convention on the Right process! Be assured, that implementing of the Child (1989) human rights is probably less And some are limited to complicated and costly than you may certain regions… think. e.g. European Convention on This handbook will show you why this is Human Rights (1950) the case and how to proceed decisively.

A Human rights approach allows you to than responding to the consequences better solve current and prevent future of problems, which will not only be problems. Acting now is always cheaper financial but also political and social.

HOW CAN YOU MAKE USE OF THE HANDBOOK ON HUMAN RIGHTS? The Handbook on Human Rights the human rights aspects in your will allow you to understand human daily work and grasp how you can rights and their implications for your respond to challenges in a sustainable city or region, whether you are a manner, all the while promoting the local or regional decision maker or human rights of your citizens. After a an administrative staff member. It section illustrating what human rights will allow you to better understand are and what they mean for you in

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practice, a comprehensive collection colleagues in different countries, and of best practices of local and regional therewith provides you with practical authorities will show you how to take guidance on how to respond to similar decisive action. Irrespective of whether issues in your city or region. you have already been active with This Handbook is a practical guide human rights or not, and whatever the that will show you what a rights- Why human rights ? human rights Why size or competences of your authority, based approach is, what this means in this handbook builds upon a collection practice, why it can be useful for you of projects, policies and initiatives and how it can allow you to respond on human rights, launched by your decisively to local challenges.

WHAT ARE HUMAN RIGHTS? Human rights are inherent to all human Rights in 1948 and hundreds of beings, regardless of their legal status international human rights treaties and as non-citizens, refugees, migrants or declarations in the following decades. foreign residents, regardless of whether An international human rights they are women, men, children, elderly system developed: States develop and or have disabilities, regardless of their ratify treaties laying down human rights religion, ethnic background, political and put in place international bodies views or sexual orientation. We all have that oversee their implementation, the same basic rights and freedoms such as the United Nations or the protected by law – simply because we Council of Europe. Once a State ratifies are humans. Those rights are universal an international human rights treaty, and egalitarian, meaning they are meaning that it signs and implements it applicable everywhere and are the nationally, the human rights obligations same for everyone. therein have an effect as if they were The concept of human rights is not national law. They are binding for idealist or vague, but represents the State – including all sub-national clear-cut legal obligations that bind authorities – in relation to all people States and their organs, at all levels present in their territory. of governance. Today, a wide spectrum of human rights After the atrocities of the Second World is guaranteed by law in your country, War, States decided to define existing deriving not only from international human rights concepts through written treaties, but also your constitution, legal norms, leading to the adoption national legislation and court decisions. of the Universal Declaration of Human Of course, those rights cover core

Page 16 provisions such as the prohibition adequate housing, education or health of torture, freedom of expression or care. Those provisions can be found the right to non-discrimination, all in different legal texts but in practice commonly referred to as civil and they are of equal importance and effect political rights. At the same time, and they are all interdependent and there are also economic, social and interrelated. cultural rights, such as the right to ? human rights Why

THE ROLE OF LOCAL AND REGIONAL AUTHORITIES: WHAT DO HUMAN RIGHTS PROVISIONS MEAN FOR YOUR CITY OR REGION IN PRACTICE? As citizens we have rights and keep in mind the following: obligations. We may have to pay taxes Non-compliance is not only or complete military service but at the detrimental for the population, same time the State provides us with but can trigger national and services, grants us security, and ensures international legal consequences. our rights and freedoms. Those rights correspond to competences, which are So where are those human rights increasingly delegated from the State aspects in your daily work? Whatever to local and regional authorities that the degree of self-governance in your carry them out under the principle of country, your competences always self-governance. correspond to human rights. Think about your competences, whether Human rights are part of your they are shared or autonomous and competences and you translate try to identify policy areas that include international obligations into a human rights notion. General areas practice. could include housing, health care, Only States ratify international human education, social care, security and rights treaties but in practice human public order, or urban planning – the rights obligations mean shared list of topics that directly concern the responsibilities among all authorities. human rights of all of your citizens is Whether you are a local or regional endless. politician, civil servant or public actor As a second step, let us look at groups whose action directly affects citizens, that require specific attention as they

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may face discrimination in accessing Did you their rights or because their rights know? are simply more likely to be violated: children, elderly people, national …that one human rights minorities, people with disabilities or obligation can mean four migrants. different responsibilities Why human rights ? human rights Why Children, people with disabilities, RESPECT: Refrain from elderly people – at some points in impeding human rights our lives all of us are part of a group such as prohibiting religious that requires specific attention. So communities from assembling do not think of minorities as “the peacefully. others”, but try to put yourself in their shoes instead! PROTECT: Ensure that third parties do not infringe a right Having identified some competences such as ensuring that children and groups let us now see what some are not prevented by others international human rights obligations from going to school. can translate to in practice: FULFIL: Facilitate the The right to housing: providing access enjoyment of rights and and maintaining proper places of living freedoms such as establishing for all members of your community, ombudsmen or anti- irrespective of their background, discrimination agencies in ethnicity or nationality; your city. The right to education: ensuring ENGAGE: Reach out to your that all citizens send their children to citizens when ensuring their a school that corresponds to national rights e.g. organise round- standards; tables, include your citizens’ The right to health: facilitating access views and stress also their role to health institutions for all people in in responding to human rights your city/town/region, even if they are issues. undocumented, without residence or insurance. Human rights are the same regional authorities, there can never everywhere but conditions under which be one best approach to respond those rights are ensured naturally differ. to an issue and there is also not one Likewise, different contexts require universal threshold at which a right is different solutions. Looking at human fulfilled. You know best the needs of rights responsibilities of local and your citizens, existing challenges and

Page 18 the most efficient approaches solving your population as a whole. Ensuring them. A human rights-based approach human rights does not have to mean means understanding the notion costly policies, or reforms: organizing of human rights in your work and a one-day event, supporting a local seeing the lasting impact that a rights- association or simply standing up and sensitive policy will have, not only making a clear statement to the press for the immediate beneficiaries but can have an immense impact. ? human rights Why

HOW CAN YOU RESPOND TO LOCAL CHALLENGES WITH HUMAN RIGHTS? You have assessed your context, Challenges in implementation depend considered the problem, stakeholders of course on your local context. In and the human rights component, any case, before proceeding keep the so what comes next? How do you following operational challenges in actually implement rights-based mind and think in advance about how policies? Whatever groups or rights best to approach them. your intended activity, project or policy concerns, implementing responses is not always easy!

Welcoming refugees – revitalizing the village

(Millevaches, Corrèze / France)

In late 2015, the Mayor of Millevaches decided to welcome 60 refugees in his village of 800 inhabitants. “It was not simply a humanitarian gesture but also a local development project” he argues. With the funds received for hosting the newcomers, four new jobs were created, a retirement home could be renovated - without a local tax raise of 10 % - and a primary school class was prevented from closing.

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Convincing your administration Even if human rights have never may lack expertise and experience; appeared on your agenda, you will there may even be a resistance to take surely already have implemented new approaches. Providing training, activities that concern human rights. streamlining internal communication Still, strengthening a rights-based and exchanging practices with other Why human rights ? human rights Why approach may feel for many like cities or regional authorities can be entering “new territory”. Your staff crucial to overcoming problems.

Convincing the political level The decision to proceed with human in taking those decisions is crucial. rights-tailored policies can of course Communicating the why and how also trigger major political resistance. of human rights policies, together Clearly, this relates above all to your with the long-term benefits of such electorate. Receiving refugees in your measures is also important. At the same city, designating housing for Roma or time, there may be resistance in your organising a yearly gay pride event local or regional council concerning may not be welcomed by everyone. the necessary financial and technical That is normal. Talking facts instead of support for your policies. prejudices and including your citizens

Finding solutions with the people concerned There is a third problem area: how does identifying the human rights aspects one actually develop and effectively involved; considering best practices; implement a human rights-related shaping new or adapting existing policy or project? With regard to all policies. issues and in particular the question Your colleagues in different parts of of how to actually “do human rights” Europe sometimes not only have to exchange of best practices is key. deal with the same (human rights- Throughout the many activities of the related) challenges, they also have Congress, experience has shown that a to overcome the hurdles mentioned three-step model is the most efficient above when implementing solutions. way for integrating human rights at There is not one universal recipe, but local and regional level. Assessing the exchanging experience is very often the local context, pertinent issues and most effective and least costly way of

Page 20 dealing with new topics or approaches, This Handbook on Human Rights will such as human rights. guide you in this endeavour.

WHY IS THE ISSUE OF NON- DISCRIMINATION AT THE CENTRE OF HUMAN RIGHTS AT LOCAL LEVEL? ? human rights Why A rights-based approach means to tackling many global challenges protecting the rights of all by with – sometimes negative – local integrating a “human rights view” in consequences. Radicalisation, racism, your daily work. The same rights for hate crimes and also problems with everyone means that whatever their the reception and integration of race, ethnicity, sex, religion, political refugees are too often the result of views or sexual orientation, all people in discrimination and social exclusion. your city or region can enjoy the same Non-discrimination is a human right rights, receive services in the same in itself; but the concept relates way and are not discriminated against, simultaneously to so many other topics directly or in-directly. Discrimination and rights, particularly when looking at happens, at individual or institutional your day-to-day work at local level. level, directly or indirectly, but it is not Therefore, the Congress of Local and always the result of bad intentions Regional Authorities of the Council of or inappropriate actions. In each Europe decided to dedicate the first community everybody is part of one edition of the Human Rights Manual group or another: a religious group, an to the theme of non-discrimination ethnic group or a linguistic group. We at local level. As a pan-European may be newcomers or have a disability, assembly, representing over 150 000 be part of a national minority or simply local and regional authorities in Europe, need special assistance because of old human rights have been part of a wide age. In brief, being part of a group can range of its activities for years, whether make us more vulnerable, which makes it is monitoring local and regional it more difficult to access our rights. democracy, co-operation activities or This is diversity and a characteristic of election observation. The concerns all societies. Understanding differences raised in the Congress’s daily interaction and putting in place mechanisms with local decision makers increasingly that prevent unequal treatment come back to human rights and the role is not only at the centre of human of certain groups in the community. As rights policy making, it is also the key a result of wide-ranging consultations,

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the Congress decided to focus in the The chapters deal with the following first edition of the handbook on how to three areas: solve human rights-related challenges explaining people’s rights and concerning refugees, asylum seekers, ▬▬ what this means for you in practice; migrants and internally displaced persons; Roma and Travellers and LGBTI ▬▬ identifying key challenges

Why human rights ? human rights Why people. relating to everybody’s equal participation in community life; How can you find adequate housing solutions for refugees in your ▬▬ providing concrete examples of community? How can you improve best practice. school attendance rates of Roma children? What rights do gay, lesbian and transgender people have and how should those rights be integrated into a city/town/region’s activities? How can successfully living together and social cohesion be promoted by local and regional bodies?

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Why human rights ?

Refugees Asylum seekers Migrants Internally displaced persons (IDPs)

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part I¶ Definitions

The right to seek asylum, meaning the interchangeably. One thing they all right to protection from prosecution, have in common is that they left their is a concept that has existed since places of habitual residence; however, ancient times and is now enshrined in each of the four legal categories implies many major human rights conventionsI. a different status and corresponding Refugees, asylum seekers, migrants rights, which is important to understand and internally displaced persons are before developing policies. four categories that are often used

REFUGEES Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, A refugee is a person who has a well- avail himself of the protection of that founded fear of being persecuted for country. In other words, a person reasons of race, religion, nationality, is referred to as a refugee from the membership of a particular social moment he or she is granted the right group or political opinion, is outside the to protection from prosecution by a country of his nationality, and is unable third State (or in specific situations the to - or owing to fear - is unwilling to UN High Commissioner for Refugees).

ASYLUM SEEKERS Asylum seekers have applied for does not receive refugee status protection as refugees in a particular may nevertheless be granted the right State but are yet waiting to receive a to stay in that State, if he or she faces determination of their status. States a real risk of suffering serious harm have put into place different systems upon return to the country of origin. and procedures to determine whether This specific form of protection is called an individual qualifies as a refugee. subsidiary protection. Under certain situations, a person that

Page 26 Definitions

MIGRANTS A migrant is any person who is moving meaning that they have obtained or has moved across an international the necessary authorisation to enter border or within a State away from the country of destination. If they his/her habitual place of residence, do not fall under this category, we regardless of that person’s legal status, speak of undocumented migrants. whether the movement is voluntary Irrespective of whether they are or involuntary, what the causes for regular or undocumented, migrants the movement are or what the length have the same basic human rights as of stay is. Migrants can be regular, all other individuals in your territory.

 FAKE NEWS  FACT Research shows that most migrants do jobs Migrants steal jobs

that local populations shun or lack the skills ... Migrants Refugees, and undermine the for. Furthermore, the proven reality is that welfare State. migration brings benefits, fuelling growth, innovation and entrepreneurship in both the countries people come from and in those they move to, if managed smartly. Migrants and refugees contribute to the economy both as employees and as entrepreneurs, creating new firms and businesses. Migrant and refugee integration into labour markets and societies can be expensive at first but it is an investment with a high return. Moreover, migrants contribute to their home countries through money sent back home: these remittances help foster growth, develop communities and increase access to schooling and health care. Migrants act as bridges between two places, transferring knowledge and skills, all of which can contribute to their home communities.III

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 FAKE NEWS  FACT International law has clearly established the Irregular migration is principle that foreign nationals whose only a criminal act. offence is the violation of provisions relating to migration should not be treated as criminals or potential criminals by host States. The irregular entry and stay of an alien should in principle be an administrative offence, and not a criminal one. Irregular migrants are in no sense offenders and they enjoy certain rights under international law, which need to be respected, such as the right to basic health care and education, the right to protection against arbitrary detention, as well as their right not to be sent to countries where they risk ill-treatment and torture.

Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS (IDPs) According to the United Nations elements: the involuntary character of Guiding Principles on Internal displacement and that it takes place Displacement, IDPs are persons or within national borders. The latter groups of persons who have been one is what makes IDPs and refugees forced or obliged to flee or to leave their fundamentally different in terms of homes or places of habitual residence, both their status and rights. in particular as a result of, or in order For further information on IDPs, you can to avoid, the effects of armed conflict, watch this short video produced by the situations of generalised violence, UNHCR and available at the following violations of human rights or natural link: https://bit.ly/2wXNB6n or human-made disasters, and who have not crossed an internationally recognised State border. Although this very recent definition does not provide legal status to IDPs, it reveals two key

Page 28 Definitions

 FAKE NEWS  FACT According to the Internal Displacement IDPs are parasites Monitoring Centre, there are currently about who abuse 40 million people in internal displacement, humanitarian aid. including 5 million in Europe: that is twice as many as 20 years ago and twice as many as there are refugees in the world today. IDPs are fleeing their homes for many reasons, mostly because of armed conflicts, persecutions and/or generalised violence, but this choice is never free.

So what keeps them from finding safety abroad? Some IDPs may want to stay close to their homes hoping that the situation will get better; some others simply do not have enough money or the physical capacity to undertake a dangerous journey. Moreover, when they manage to flee a war zone, IDPs face similar challenges as refugees: many of them lose property, jobs, family or friends and any source of income. Overall,

studies show that IDPs tend to be among the poorest people in their ... Migrants Refugees, countries: not only for the obvious reasons listed above, but also because they are frequently marginalised by their own governments which deny them their basic rights and needs. In that sense, camps, settlements and humanitarian aid – when it is received – offer some precious resources that IDPs depend on because of the total absence of alternative at the moment. But in many cases, IDPs, trapped in war zones, cannot be reached by humanitarian organisations, and thus cannot benefit from any humanitarian aid. Although humanitarian aid is not a sustainable solution, it is still a way to lighten the suffering of those in urgent need. A durable solution to internal displacement can be achieved through sustainable local integration since it improves the IDPs’ conditions: by granting them economic, social and political rights, local authorities can empower people brutally marginalised by violence and forced poverty. In the end, both locals and IDPs will benefit from these inclusive measures.

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UNDERSTAND THE FOUR CATEGORIES BUT DO NOT THINK IN TERMS OF BOXES! Different legal categories may exist, but in reality the reasons to leave a country for many people arriving in Europe are mixed. Persecution, general violence, economic and social misery all go hand in hand and make people leave their country of origin. We call this phenomenon mixed migration. Migration is a phenomenon inherent to mankind and an integral part of European history. Today we can be part of the receiving community; tomorrow we can be forced to leave a place we call home. Nobody flees from his home country voluntarily.

Don’t forget!

Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, Every refugee is a migrant but not every migrant is a refugee! Understanding the different categories and making appropriate use of them in your public discourse is a fundamental first step in shaping policies.

Page 30 part II¶ What are their rights?

No matter whether a person falls Whereas the scope of rights granted into the category of refugee, asylum to newcomers differs in detail from seeker, migrant, or internally displaced one Council of Europe State to another, person, they are all part of a vulnerable we should nevertheless identify some group, as accessing their basic rights of the most important minimum is in reality more difficult. Why? A standards concerning migrants, new language, culture and customs, whether undocumented or not, not knowing about their rights or a asylum seekers, refugees and internally

lack of documents render them more displaced persons. ... Migrants Refugees, vulnerable to exploitation and abuse.

MIGRANTS From the outset, all foreigners – private and family life – migrants irrespective their status – obtain the should also have access to social and same set of basic human rights, as all economic rights linked to life and citizens. It is not a person’s status but dignity, such as the right to adequate their presence in the territory and housing and shelter; the right to therewith the jurisdiction of your State, health, social and medical assistance; being bound itself to international the right to social protection; human rights standards, that entitles where it is necessary to ease poverty them to the protection of all rights and preserve dignity, particularly enshrined therein. In addition to the for migrant children, the right to most fundamental human rights and primary and secondary education; freedoms, such as the right to life; and employment rights, such as fair protection from torture, inhumane or wages and working conditions. The degrading treatment; the prohibition right to non-discrimination is obviously of slavery and forced labour, freedom particularly important: the specific of expression and assembly; the right status of migrants does not justify any to demand asylum or respect for discrimination on grounds of race,

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colour, national or social origin, sex, political or other opinion or any other sexual orientation, language, religion, status.

REFUGEES AND ASYLUM SEEKERS In addition to those rights, refugees and least receive the same rights and basic Asylum seekers are entitled to further assistance as any other foreigner who protection. Refugees have the right to is a legal resident, including the right safe asylum, which means that they may to wage-earning employment, access not be forcibly returned to a country to property or freedom of movement where they face danger (prohibition of within the State of destination. refoulement). Generally, they should at

INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS (IDPS) Whilst refugees are formally protected texts IDPs shall enjoy their rights as by international law if they seek safety citizens of their countries but above all in another country, IDPs are not for they as human beings. They have the right

Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, have no clearly defined legal status. to seek safety in another part of their Instead, they have to rely on their country, to leave their country, to seek own governments. However, in many asylum in another country, the right cases, governments are not capable to recognition everywhere as a person of providing any kind of protection or before the law, the right to healthcare, are unwilling to do so. That makes IDPs to education, to employment, to particularly vulnerable. The Council of security, to liberty of movement, and Europe Recommendation Rec(2006)6 the right to be protected against of the Committee of Ministers to forcible return to, or resettlement member States on internally displaced in, any place where their life, safety, persons provides guiding principles on liberty and/or health would be at risk. internal displacement to the Council of In short, authorities have the primary Europe member States. In addition to duty and responsibility to provide this recommendation there are other, protection and humanitarian assistance binding, tools of legal protection such to internally displaced persons within as the European Convention on Human their jurisdiction, and IDPs have the Rights. These instruments set out the right to request and receive protection rights of IDPs and the obligations of and assistance from these authorities... governments, and other authorities concerned, with regard to internally displaced persons. According to these

Page 32 part III¶ Challenges in practice

An influx of newcomers to your city language, are not acquainted with the or region can imply new challenges local culture or customs or lack political that require new responses, both in participation and understanding of the interests of your citizens and the national procedures. At the same arriving population. The degree of time, an influx of new people can be new challenges and need for action challenging for the resident population obviously depends on your local and can generate misunderstandings context, existing infrastructure, policies and prejudices. Furthermore, providing

and various other factors. Still one adequate housing and access to wage- ... Migrants Refugees, thing is clear: ensuring a successful earning employment constitute further integration that can be of lasting issues that local and regional authorities benefit for your area is only possible have to respond to at an early stage. through understanding and embracing Safeguarding the rights of vulnerable newcomers’ rights when developing people, including women, people policies. As a pan-European assembly, with disabilities and unaccompanied representing over 150 000 local and minors also requires specific attention, regional authorities in Europe, the as does providing access to education. Congress has identified a set of Moreover, refugees, asylum seekers and challenges relating to the reception of migrants are particularly vulnerable refugees, asylum seekers and migrants to discrimination, hate speech or acts that have been repeatedly addressed of violence. Unease or hesitation to by local and regional decision makers accept among the resident population in the framework of the Congress’s in regard to newcomers is normal. activities. However, this requires political action to prevent violence, promote An obvious first issue is the effective intercultural understanding and ensure integration into local community life. social cohesion. Ensuring social cohesion is not easy, as newcomers often do not speak the local

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Protecting the rights of newcomers is not an end in itself! It is fundamental for ensuring integration and social cohesion and thereby the well-being of your community as a whole.

There is never one perfect solution, but there are many inspiring practices, allowing you to develop your own responses to the diverse challenges your city or region may face with the reception and integration of newcomers. The following collection of practices is meant to inspire you to take action, by integrating or replicating approaches or strategies, in a way that best suits your context. Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees,

Page 34 part IV¶ Responses

Facilitating integration into your community Integration is a multi-layered process. Understanding the language, culture or local administration but also facilitating direct encounters and exchanges among new and resident populations, creating means of participation for newcomers in the community or simply helping in completing the day-to-day tasks in a new environment are all fundamental for enabling successful coexistence. This section brings together several inspiring initiatives that contribute(d) to a better

integration of newcomers at local and regional level, often spanning different ... Migrants Refugees, sectors and thematic areas.

Migrant Integration Councils, Chios, GREECE  Population : 51 930 IV

In light of a high influx of migrants and lack of integration into community life, the municipality of Chios (Greece) set up Migrant Integration Councils that contributed to better involvement of newcomers in the area and a more positive perception of migrants among the resident population.

During the last few years, Chios has experienced an extremely high influx of refugees, coinciding with an economic downturn and a change in perception among the population towards realising that migrants would stay on the island longer than expected. With the objective of improving economic and social integration, the municipality of Chios aimed at influencing public opinion positively towards the migrants arriving on the island. Within the framework of the local government reform (“Kallikratis” Programme) launched in 2010, Migrant Integration Councils (MICs) were established in 325 Greek municipalities. MICs are entrusted with a consultative role on issues regarding migrant integration into local communities. They include elected municipal counsellors, representatives

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of migrant communities in each municipality and representatives of related non- governmental organisations. As a preliminary outcome the initiative contributed to a better perception of migrants among the local population, enhanced political participation of newcomers and improved cohesion between both groups.

 Emmanouil Vournous, Mayor of Chios George Karamanis, Vice-Mayor of Chios Telephone: (+30) 6940459969 (+30)2271350800 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.chioscity.gr/

SPRAR facility in Satriano, Calabria region, ITALY  Commune: 3 341; town: approximately 1 000

Addressing the problem of informal settlements, the small town of Satriano renovated a historic building to host refugees and supported a local cooperative staffed almost exclusively by former migrants, in an effort to integrate refugees, reverse decades of decline of its population and bring Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, growth back to the town.

Satriano, a town whose population has shrunk by 75% since the 1960s, “Thank God they brought receives €35 per day from the Ministry us these people”, said Luigi of Home Affairs per refugee that is Marotti, the village’s 68- hosted in the town. The local co- year- old sacristan, a layman operative Mediazione Globale, which charged with caring for the is staffed almost exclusively by former local Roman Catholic church. migrants who have obtained Italian “Satriano was dead. Thanks citizenship, manages the welcome- to them it’s alive again. The project for newcomers on behalf village can start growing.” of the municipality. Mediazione Globale helps refugees to buy food, find housing, study Italian and deal with the day-to-day challenges they face in their new environment. Through the initiative some of the refugees find work with the municipality and others have received work grants from the municipality, all of which support both the integration of refugees into the community and the development of local private enterprise. Most of the refugees live in a historic building called the Palazzo Condò, renovated with European Union funds. The basement of the building

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hosts a daytime centre for elderly residents. It was a deliberate choice “We aim to get this process of to have the refugees and seniors integration even better (…) share the same building, intended we want to make the asylum to enhance integration. Some of seekers really feel like citizens that has been happening organically of Satriano and part of the already. Satriano hopes to grow its local community.” programme by renovating some of Michele Drosi, the empty houses in town into new Mayor of Satriano shelters to host even more asylum seekers. The houses would be used either on a temporary basis for people passing through, or perhaps be rented out directly to those who choose to stay. The results of Satriano’s efforts are small-scale, but the inclusive approach serves as a model for cities and towns across EuropeIV.

 Michele Drosi, Mayor of Satriano Telephone: (+39) 0967543810 Fax: (+39) 0967543300 Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, Via Marconi, 5 – 88060 Satriano - ITALY

Network Protection System for Refugees and Asylum Seekers Satriano, together with many other Italian cities, towns and villages is part of SPRARV, a network of secondary reception facilities, to which asylum seekers are transferred once they have made their asylum applications in Italy. SPRAR was created by National Law No. 189/2002 and is being implemented by local institutions which undertake an individually designed “integrated reception”, aimed at bringing together SPRAR’s guidelines and standards with the characteristics and specific factors affecting the local area and the needs of each individual asylum seeker/group/family, in order to achieve socio-economic inclusion. The minimum capacity of the centres is 15 people. Big cities such as Milan, Turin and Rome have SPRAR centres which can each cater for several hundred people.

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As of 2 February 2017, 640 projects (501 ordinary, 95 for unaccompanied minors, 44 for people with mental - or other disabilities) were allocated - to 546 local project holders (482 municipalities, 21 provinces, 14 communes, 4 mountain communities) and around 25 838 places were financed (23 239 ordinary, 2 007 for unaccompanied minors, 592 for people with mental or other disabilities). Functioning as an example of a co-ordinated approach between the national and local level, the advantages for towns and cities opening a SPRAR facility include, amongst other things, funds and technical assistance from the State. As a preliminary outcome, SPRAR facilities contribute to assisting all asylum seekers to better integrate into society. Municipalities that choose to welcome asylum seekers and refugees in the framework of SPRAR are more likely to take “ownership” of the project, provide good quality services and enhance lasting integration at the local level.

 Marina Bozzoni, Contact person for SPRAR facility Telephone: (+39) 3494462616; (+39) 0967543644 SPRAR Condò Satriano / Cooperativa Mediazione Globale

“Worthy Work” for the employment of IDPs, Kharkiv

Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, Oblast, UKRAINE  Population : 2 690 755

IDPs are not a humanitarian burden, but a potential for the development of the region. The pilot project “We have to help IDPs “Worthy Work” for the employment long-term integration of IDPs is being successfully and adaptation to new implemented with the support of living conditions in host the Kharkiv oblast authorities. communities, and a successful regional policy is a key factor Families who lost all their possessions in this process. Better future and were placed in host communities for IDPs in Kharkiv oblast is can show the story of success and a challenge and a matter of rebuild their life from scratch. The honour.” ”Worthy Work” project is supported by the Ukrainian Social Investment Yuliya SVITLYCHNA Fund and the Kharkiv Professional Development Foundation. It aims to improve professional skills of IDPs for finding employment or starting their own business. The project is being implemented in six cities of the Kharkiv oblast

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(Zolochiv, Dergachi, Lozova, Krasnograd, Izyum, Bogodukhiv) with the assistance of the regional employment service. Host communities have organised a number of training modules for those who want to get employed and those who wish to organise their own business. Participants are trained in self-presentation skills and get acquainted with the methodology of effective job search. As a result of training, at least 24 participants would receive a grant for advanced training or retraining. Among the areas of study: ”Beauty Industry”, ”Internet Marketing”, etc.

As from 2016, IDPs and people who have the status of participants in hostilities, have received financial support of 40% of the estimated cost of housing, financed from the regional budget, within the framework of the Kharkiv Regional Programme of providing support for the construction and acquisition of housing in the Kharkiv oblast for 2016-2018. Some 97 families have already become owners of apartments and 50 more apartments will find new families in 2018.

 Yuliya Svitlychna, Governor, Councillor Kharkiv Regional Council Telephone: (+38) 0577003235 Email: [email protected]

Postal address: 64 Sums’ka str ... Migrants Refugees, 61002 – KHARKIV, UKRAINE

Syrian refugee help desks in the districts of Şişli and Sultanbeyli, Istanbul, TURKEY VI  Şişli: 318 217; Sultanbeyli: 302 388

With an estimated 90% of Syrians in Turkey living outside camps in urban or rural areasVIII, many of Istanbul’s locally elected belediyes (municipalities) provide Syrian refugees with support-centres, which employ Arabic speaking sociologists, psychologists and skills and needs assessors, with the aim of enhancing general socio-economic and political integration and providing support in asylum questions.

Within the Şişli belediye’s social services department the Göç Yardim Masası ve Merkezi (Migrant Help Desk and Centre) opened in October 2015. It employs sociologists, social workers, and psychologists who work not only with Syrians but also with other vulnerable refugee and migrant groups in the area. In addition to its own migrant centre, the Şişli belediye collaborates with a number of other NGOs, such as the Refugee Rights Centre, Human Resource and Development

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Foundation (IKGV) and the Turkey Family Health and Planning Foundation to provide information services and workshops on legal rights and women’s health to Syrians. The Şişli belediye also co-ordinates its work with the Social Market Foundation, a volunteer-led NGO that provides donated food, clothing and household goods to people in need of help. In order to receive supplies from the foundation, Syrians need to supply a registration card, indicating a legal presence in Turkey. The Sultanbeyli belediyeVIII has a Refugee Co-ordination Centre with full- time employees, including some Syrians that have already received work permits. After registering with the security directorate (emniyet), Syrians go to the centre, where the General Directorate of Migration Management (GDMM) provides a registration number alongside a specific belediye-issued ID number. The centre provides a range of services to Syrians, including informing them of their rights and providing basic needs assessments.

 Sultanbeyli belediye Abdurrahmangazi Mahallesi Belediye Caddesi No. 4 Telephone: (+90) 216 564 13 00 Şişli belediye: Telephone: (+90) 216 444 15 68 Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees,

Logistics Centre: streamlining the supply of goods in the Attica Region, GREECE  Population : 3 828 434

Addressing the need to regionally co-ordinate civic action and the process of collection, storage and supply of donated goods for refugees, the Logistics Centre in Attica provides official lists of supplies needed and publishes guidelines for citizens and municipalities so as to optimise the donation process and protect refugees from fraud.

This centre is the first one in Greece to offer support services that ensure that goods are received and collected properly, in order to protect refugees from fraud and co- ordinate the solidarity effort of the population. In particular, the centre co-ordinates and manages the storage and supply of goods to the refugee accommodation facilities in the entire region, by creating official lists of all the supplies needed and by publishing guidelines both for individuals and municipalities, informing them about special opening hours of the centre for large or heavy donations and laying down a set of rules to make the donation process as efficient as possible. The list of the supplies needed includes clothing/shoes, food, consumable goods (such as

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single-use plates and disposable food packaging), items of personal hygiene, travel items (sleeping bags, backpacks, and tents), and cleaning supplies. Every individual that donates goods like this will receive a receipt that can be submitted to the tax office.

Such centralised and regionally co-ordinated initiatives are of great importance compared to single, fragmented actions, both in the interests of donors and recipients. Further, as a result of the work of this centre, the regional accommodation facilities also operate more efficiently. This is due to the fact that their needs are best met when donations and civic actions are centrally co-ordinated. By donating only the goods included in the above-mentioned lists, the sorting of the donations is made easier; “useless” items do not take up space in the accommodation centres and ultimately, a waste of resources is prevented.

 Centre for management Storage and supply of goods to refugee accommodation centres Miltos Efstathiadis, centre manager Telephone: (+30)2104819001 Fax: (+30) 2104819002

Email: [email protected] ... Migrants Refugees, Website: http://bit.ly/2oIANgW

Online map of local Italian language courses, Milan, ITALY  Population : 1 368 590

In view of the difficulties for people from overseas in navigating through the numerous offers of language courses, the city of Milan has set up a website providing information on available Italian courses, thus facilitating the process of finding a course and learning the local language, which is one of the cornerstones for a successful integration.

Proper proficiency in the local language is indispensable for the effective social inclusion of newcomers. However, finding the right courses and all the necessary information before learning the language and getting to know the city can be challenging. To facilitate this process for foreigners arriving in Milan, the city has set up a very handy website, available in different languages, to help migrants understand more about the many Italian language courses on offer by clearly presenting all available courses for foreigners. The website www.milano. italianostranieri.org includes an online map of courses, which Italian language schools can fill with their offers. The schools can also upload their own materials,

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videos and photographs of their activities inside their profiles. This way foreign residents can find the most suitable course adapted to their personal needs. Users can select a language course from among those organised by different providers, such as civil society organisations, who often offer courses and practice-workshops free of charge, and commercial companies, based on a set of variables: costs, timetable of the courses, language level and the type of certificate to be awarded.

This initiative has been supported by the City Council of Milan through its project “Integration access and its management at local level”, financed by the Ministry of Labour and Social Policies – General Directorate for Immigration and Integration Policies.

 Milano Italianostranieri Telephone: (+39) 288448246 E-mail:[email protected] Website: http://bit.ly/2oJqHw1

Easy-access French courses IX, Lausanne, SWITZERLAND  Population : 135 629 Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, In order to simplify the process of learning the local language, the Bureau lausannois pour l’intégration des immigrés (BLI) organises easy-access French summer courses, which people can attend without registering beforehand and irrespective of their origin or social status.

Since 2010, for the duration of a month and a half in the summer, the Municipal Integration Office of Lausanne has been offering French language courses at a beach on the edge of the Lake of Geneva. From Monday to Friday, from 6 to 7:30 p.m., without registration, participants are introduced to the French language in a relaxed atmosphere. The courses are designed to facilitate everyday life: shopping, presenting oneself, asking for directions etc., and are aimed at promoting the participation of refugees, asylum seekers and migrants in community life.

The particular importance of this practice lies within the often-overlooked fact that, despite the numerous language courses often available in cities and the willingness of newcomers to participate in them, the requirements of enrolling in advance or having a social status often decrease actual participation rates. The practice has proved to be a success and for the past seven years courses have been offered every summer.

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 Bureau lausannois pour les immigrés Secrétariat général SCS Place de la Riponne 10, Case postale 5032 1002 Lausanne Telephone: (+41)213157245 Email: [email protected]; Website: http://bit.ly/2G1AW5Q

Booklet for the local population: “Dare to face your prejudices”, Boden, SWEDEN  Population : 18 705

The municipality of Boden has published a booklet entitled “Dare to face your prejudices” which is continuously distributed among the local population. With this publication the city aims to raise the awareness among people in Boden as to the reasons for immigration, the situation for immigrants and the benefits of integrating them into the local community.

The municipality of Boden asked the Swedish central Statistics Bureau to conduct ... Migrants Refugees, a survey on the issue of immigration. Some 191 people in SFIs – Swedish language learning centres for immigrants – participated in the survey. The results were published in the booklet and were demonstrated as local reality-based facts on the history and reasons for immigration in the 21st century, on the education and housing situation of immigrants, and on the importance of immigrants as a “prerequisite for the future of Boden”. In the publication, the city stresses the need for immigration to Boden in order for the city to maintain economic growth. In view of the labour shortage in Sweden, immigrants can greatly contribute to economic development and the creation of new jobs and therefore minimise structural unemployment. According to the integration co-ordinator, the booklet has been very well received by the citizens of Boden and facilitated encounters between newcomers and the resident population.

 Bodens kommun Stadshuset Kyrkgatan 24, 961 86 BODEN Telephone: + (46) 92162000 Website: http://www.boden.se/ ”Dare to face your prejudices” (Våga möta dina fördomar)

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An online tool for better orientation and access to services in Vienna, AUSTRIA  Population : 1 741 246

Information on services for refugees is often not easily accessible nor transparent for those in need. New Here a multilingual and digital interactive map connects refugees to existing services and functions as a central and easy accessible information source. New Here was created by a group of volunteers with the support of the City of Vienna.

Once newcomers arrive in a city they often face the same questions: How can they enrol in language courses? Where can they get legal aid? Which doctor speaks my language? Independence and orientation are indispensable for integration. New Here allows its users to orient themselves in a new town or city independently. They can find information in their own language and via simple pictograms about their asylum procedure, language courses or how to join a football team, among hundreds of other possibilities. It is not only a practical tool but also promotes empowerment, allowing refugees to independently settle into a new place. New Here will also increase the resilience and sustainability of civil society, taking over Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, information dissemination work which NGOs have shouldered in recent years, allowing them to refocus on core tasks.

 Kate Thompson, President of New Here Leonard Cuscoleca, Cashier of New Here E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.newhere.at

Multisectoral integration policy in Gdańsk, POLAND  Population : 463 754

With the “Gdańsk model of integration”X the city of Gdańsk became the first Polish city to implement a cross-sectoral policy with a proactive approach to refugee integration.

The “Gdańsk Model” of integration, which was developed by the municipality of Gdańsk as a proactive approach to the integration of migrants is a multisectoral policy developed by the city administration and approved by the city council in June 2016. More than 150 people from 70 different organisations (public institutions, companies, associations, journalists, etc.) work together to implement various actions, focusing on, among other things, housing, training, access to employment, education and language courses. The project is supported by

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the European Union and the Funds for Asylum, Migration and Integration. The municipality also launched the “Council of Immigrants”, made up of 13 advisers who regularly share their remarks and consult the mayor on issues concerning asylum seekers, refugees and migrants. Currently, the Gdańsk Model is in its implementation phase.

Various services have been made available to beneficiaries and an association has been selected to co-ordinate the actions and to provide support to migrants, including thematic conferences and workshops, for example, the city developed the “Become a mentor for a refugee” programme and organised round-table conferences for citizens on the topic of migration and integration.

Gdańsk is an active member of the “EUROCITIES” network, particularly in the Working Group on Migration and Integration, and received support for the implementation of its strategies from network partners. A delegation from the city visited Oslo and Bremen to learn more about the different approaches in those cities and transferred practices into Gdańsk’s local context.

 City of Gdańsk ul. Nowe Ogrody 8/12 Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, 80-803 Gdańsk Telephone: (+58) 323 63 14 Fax: (+58) 302 01 34 E-mail: [email protected]

Network EUROCITIES: a network of major European cities An initiative of the European cities network EUROCITIES (www. eurocities.eu), the CITIES-GroW (integration of migrants through economic activity in cities) project will provide practical advice to municipal leaders and decision makers in Europe on how best to address migrant integration challenges and develop effective integration strategies.

The project will last 24 months and started on 1 February 2017. A successor of the ImpleMentoring project, CITIES-GroW will be co-ordinated by EUROCITIES with the support of the Migration Policy Group, Migration Work- CIC and the Migration Policy Institute, and will involve 16 European cities: Athens, Barcelona, Birmingham, Brighton and Hove, Dresden, Gdańsk, Ghent, Helsinki, Lisbon, Munich, Nantes, Nicosia, Riga, Rotterdam, Tampere, and Utrecht. Participating cities are paired up (mentors/ implementers) to ensure transferability

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of results and long-term policy and practice impact. The mentoring schemes will aim to: match buyers and suppliers by facilitating access to public and private contracts for immigrant entrepreneurs; engage with businesses, local job agencies and local educational institutions to promote job skills matches for the employment of young people from a migrant background; provide services to help migrant entrepreneurs; and implement anti-discrimination strategies in local job markets.

 Further information http://www.eurocities.eu/eurocities/projects/CITIES-GroW&tpl=home

Providing adequate housing Adequate housing is fundamental for newcomers to feel at home and integrate in the host society. At the same time, providing accommodation to refugees, asylum seekers and migrants can give rise to a lot of controversy in affected neighborhoods and opposition or suspicion among locals. With limited resources often accompanying sudden influxes of new arrivals, finding permanent housing solutions can be challenging for towns and cities and often requires Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, innovative initiatives. Providing dignified housing solutions corresponds not only to a core human right but is also key to preventing conflicts and fostering integration in the host society.

Decentralised housing in private apartments in Dresden, GERMANY  Population : 543 825

The city of Dresden co-operated with Vonovia, one of Germany’s largest housing associations, and with 132 private owners, in order to house asylum seekers in private apartments, instead of impersonal accommodation centres. With this initiative Dresden managed to house more asylum seekers than any other major city in Germany.XI

In the context of this initiative, 3 404 (61 per cent) of 5 461 refugees are currently accommodated in decentralised apartments. A total of 507 of those apartments are provided by Vonovia and 132 by private owners. When renting an apartment for an asylum seeker, the city looks for rental offers for appartments that could not be rented for a period of six months. This practice is of benefit both to the city and to the housed families: the opportunity to reside in a private apartment allows people to keep their own habits, prepare their own meals and have a sense of

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home, while reducing the feelings of displacement commonly experienced in alien environments. At the same time, renting apartments from housing associations or private owners is a much less expensive accommodation strategy for the municipality than opening and running an accommodation centre. Difficulties that have been reported only concern complaints by neighbours, for example with regard to waste separation or disturbances of the peace.

 Dirk Hilbert, Mayor of the city of Dresden Dr. Külz-Ring 19 01067 Dresden, Germany Telephone: (+49) 351-4882000 E-mail: [email protected]

Network EUROPEAN NETWORK OF CITIES OF SOLIDARITY This housing initiative is part of Dresden’s efforts as a member of the “European Network of Cities of Solidarity” (Réseau européen des villes solidaires), which is linked to a recommendation made by the Congress of Local and Regional

Authorities at its 29th session. This recommendation responded to an ... Migrants Refugees, appeal launched on 3 October 2015 by the municipalities of Strasbourg, Catania and Rovereto.XII The first concrete outcome of the “European Network of Cities of Solidarity” initiative was a vade-mecum.XIII Its purpose was to list the good practices relating to public policies on the reception and integration of refugees that are being implemented at local level.XIV

Council of Europe and Intercultural Cities Programme (ICC) The Intercultural cities (ICC) is a Council of Europe programme that assists local authorities in designing policies based on the application of a novel diversity management model called intercultural integration. This policy model relies on the notion of “diversity advantage” – treating migrants as a resource for local economic, social and cultural development, and not only as vulnerable groups in need of support and services. The Intercultural cities programme offers a comprehensive methodology and a range of analytical and assessment tools, including the Intercultural cities INDEX.int

 Intercultural cities programme - Irena GUIDIKOVA Inclusion and Anti-discrimination programs - Council of Europe - DGII - Democracy [email protected] - www.coe.int/interculturalcities

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Renovation of abandoned houses for migrants, RiaceXV ITALY  Population : 2 800

The former “ghost town” of Riace managed to revitalise the local economy and community while solving the problem of derelict housing by offering abandoned houses to immigrant families, accompanied by professional training for refugees and the development of a local currency to be used by refugees.

Fifteen years ago, the medieval hilltop village of Riace on Italy’s south coast was almost a ghost town. Houses were derelict and the local school was near to closing. The village was in danger of becoming extinct as residents disappeared to northern Italy, and abroad, for jobs during the economic boom. Since then, Riace has seen a change in its destiny, by openly welcoming a controlled number of migrants, who live and work in the community. About 450 migrants, drawn from more than 20 countries beyond Europe, are living in Riace, amounting to about a fifth of the village’s population.

Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, This transformation was instigated by the mayor, Domenico Lucano, who in 1998 founded the association “città futura” (city of the future), which was funded by the Italian government and local funds to offer refugees abandoned apartments and training, such as ateliers in which they could learn artisanal techniques. This has helped to rebuild both the town’s population and economy. Further, the Riace model is refined with the issuance of a local currency that benefits the local economic activity. The multiculturalism, the variety of skills and personal stories which people have brought to Riace has given the town a new lease of life. In 2016 mayor Lucano was named by Fortune magazine as one of the world’s 50 greatest leaders.

 Domenico Lucano, Mayor of Riace Tel.: +39 0964-733002 Fax: +39 0964-778016 Address: Piazza Municipio - 89040 Riace - ITALY

Home ownership, City of Niš, Nišava District, SERBIA  Population : 260 237

Home ownership and improved living conditions are important to ensure a full integration of IDPs into host municipality life.

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In 2016, the City of Nis invested 10 million dinars to purchase 10 rural houses for internally displaced people with the assistance of the Commissioner for Refugees. The housing contracts were signed between the sellers, the IDPs families and by the Nis City Mayor Darko Bulatovic. This initiative of the municipality is part of an active partnership between the City of Nis and the Commissioner for Refugees that aims at improving the living conditions of IDPs by granting them access to property. The City of Nis and the Commissioner for Refugees try to provide permanent housing for internally displaced persons, notably by buying rural households in the vicinity of Nis each year for a number of IDPs. Since 2015, houses have already been provided for 18 families and 320 other families have shown interest in solving housing problem in this way. Families who got their houses through the assistance by the City and the Commissioner for Refugees do not have rights to alienate the property for the next five years.

 Darko Bulatovic, Nis City Mayor 7 Juli 2, 18000 Nis Email: [email protected] Adresse : Le Bourg, 19290 Peyrelevade Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, Peyrelevade, FRANCE  Population : 840

About 60 asylum seekers were housed in an old retirement home, bringing life back to the village of about 840 inhabitants, creating new job opportunities for the local community and contributing to the efforts to keep the local primary school open.

What if the refugees do not “take away our jobs”, but actually create them? With this question in mind, Pierre Coutaud, the mayor of Peyrelevade initiated the opening of a refugee reception centre in his village, where about 60 asylum seekers are hosted. The results? The post office, which was about to be closed, has seen its attendance increase by 30 %, since each new resident opened a bank account. Thanks to the compulsory registration of refugee children in the communal school, a class that was scheduled to be abolished was kept open and an additional teacher post was created. The number of pupils has increased from 44 to 62, in a corner of the province characterised by demographic erosion and falling birth rates since the 1960s. As a result, the village’s economy was boosted and five new jobs created.

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This project was not an easy task. During public meetings the inhabitants’ opinions were divided; many were afraid, others outright opposed to the project. Owners of second homes in the village were very resistant to the integration efforts.

“I was asked to hold a referendum. I refused”, said the mayor. In the end, the local community was convinced by the positive effects on the local economy and growth and they embraced the newcomers, who quickly turned into happy corréziens.XVI

 Pierre Coutaud, Mayor of Peyrelevade Le Bourg, 19290 Peyrelevade, France Telephone : (+33) 5 55 94 73 13 Fax : (+33) 5 55 46 25 41 E-mail: [email protected]

Pouilly-en-Auxois, FRANCE  Population : 1 507

Asylum seekers are housed in the former gendarmerie barracks, a four-storey building in Puilly-en-Auxois, as an initiative of the local mayor’s office. This

Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, project managed to find a use for the empty building, bring together locals and refugees through a number of local assistance projects and support the local economy by offering the refugees a daily allowance to be used at the local market.XVII

To relieve the situation in Calais, the French Minister of the Interior has identified some 20 départements that will receive migrants, while their asylum applications are being processed. One of those départements is Pouilly-en-Auxois, which received about 60 asylum seekers, most of them coming from the Horn of Africa. Bernard Milloir, the mayor, and Marie-Jo Bourcier, head of the commune’s social services report that many of the locals have been mobilised to help the migrants, by offering French classes, donating goods, opening sports facilities and inviting the newly arrived to dine with them.

Each of the asylum seekers receives €11.45 per day as a temporary allowance, which benefits the local markets. Initially, the local population was quite resistant, with some members of the community participating in xenophobic events. However, the mayor, committed to policies of inclusion and tolerance, responded to these difficulties by illustrating the positive socio-economic impacts of the arrival of asylum seekers for the local community and by constantly promoting

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local integration initiatives. Now, the majority of the locals support and welcome the new inhabitants of the commune.

 Bernard MILLOIR, Mayor of Pouilly-en-Auxois Place de la libération 21320 Pouilly-en-Auxois France Telephone: (+33) 3 80 90 64 00

 Association du centre social du canton de Pouilly-en-Auxois André LAPOSTOLLE, President Marie Jo BOURCIER, Director Espace Jean Claude Patriarche 21320 Pouilly-en-Auxois, France Telephone: (+33) 3 80 90 86 61 E-mail: [email protected]

Enhancing integration in the labour market and economy Entry into the labour market is key to successful long term integration, as it gives refugees a sense of purpose in the new host society. Through employment, Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, refugees can contribute to the host community, build a social network and gain financial independence. The lack of language proficiency or proof of academic qualifications are only some examples of common hurdles experienced by newcomers. This chapter provides an overview of initiatives that enhanced the integration of refugees and asylum seekers in the local economy.

Two-year introduction programme and second-chance programme,XVIII Bergen, NORWAY  Population : 278 121

An introduction centre in Bergen offers an entirely State funded two-year training programme for refugees, with the aim of supporting their integration into working life. The centre offers a “second-chance training programme” to people with little or no work experience and stay-at-home mothers.

To address the problem of refugees having little or no work experience or being insufficiently prepared for new professional contexts, the City of Bergen has implemented two action plans – “Diversity brings possibilities” in 1998 and “Everybody’s Responsibility” in 2007 and opened the biggest introduction centre in Norway. The purpose of the centre is to assist newly arrived migrants to participate

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in working and social life and to increase their financial independence. The two- year introduction programme offered by the centre provides refugees with Norwegian language skills, basic insights into Norwegian society and prepares them for participation in working life and/or education. At the same time, the City of Bergen carries out labour-market research to identify sectors where there is a shortage of low-skilled staff. The introduction centre also runs a “second-chance project” that targets refugees aged 18 to 25, stay-at-home mothers or people with little or no professional experience. This is a full-time training programme during which each refugee is assisted by a personal coach. Participants follow motivation courses, attend discussion groups, receive help for their homework and carry out traineeships in catering services or supermarkets. The cost of this training amounts to approximately 82 000 euros per refugee over a five year period (90% of the total costs).

At first glance this may seem a lot. Statistics show, however, that this sum only represents a fraction of what the Norwegian welfare system would have to pay if refugees remained unemployed. What is more, the results of these programmes have been positive, as one year after entering the two-year programme 55% of the participants are in employment or have entered the education system. After Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, completion of the programme, 40% of the participants find work in the regular job- market. After completing the second-chance programme 50% of the participants find work or go into education.

 Centre for Refugees, Bergen Grethe Baldersheim, Manager of the Centre Bredalsmarken 15/17, 5006 Bergen, Norway Telephone: (+47) 55567960 / (+47) 40918795 Fax: +47 55567910 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]

IASC Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons, Province of Van (Van ili), TURKEY  Population : 1 096 397

The city of Erlangen and Siemens co-operated to offer 10 internships at Comprehensive strategies are necessary to efficiently address IDPs’ needs. With the assistance of the UNDP, the Governorate of Van works on integration and resettlement, infrastructure and social assistance, social and economic

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development, awareness raising and communication, and cooperation and partnership.

In Turkey, the province of Van launched an action plan on internal displacement aiming at highlighting potential strategies that will improve the living conditions of IDPs in Van. The plan was based on extensive consultation, not only with IDPs but other stakeholders such as district Governorates and other local authorities, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), private sector representatives, business and professional chambers, employer organizations and labour unions. One of the main objectives of the action plan was to empower IDPs and to consolidate their role of active citizens in the life of the province. With the technical assistance of the UNDP, Van supported local integration of impoverished IDPs through the “expansion of existing initiatives”: IDPs have made extensive use of Governorate of Van initiatives realised with the aim of increasing household welfare, including a food bank, a “Green Network” providing various social assistance services, micro- credit programmes and the province’s Child Research Rehabilitation and Training Center.

 Murat Zorluoğlu, Governor of Van Governorate

and Mayor of the City of Van ... Migrants Refugees, Van Büyükşehir Belediyesi Seyit Fehim Arvasi Mahallesi Özdemir Sk. No: 5 İpekyolu/VAN Telephone: (+90) 444 44 65 E-mail: [email protected]

Internships for skilled asylum seekers by Siemens,XIX Erlangen, GERMANY Intercultural cities network good practice  Population : 108 336

The city of Erlangen and Siemens co-operated to offer 10 internships at Siemens for skilled asylum seekers. This resulted in a “win-win-win” situation for asylum seekers, company employees and the company itself. The programme has expanded to 14 other German cities and currently employs approximately 100 refugees.

In September 2014, Middle Franconia’s government asked Erlangen to accommodate 300 newly arrived refugees, in addition to the refugees already present in the city. These people were housed in tents, and prejudices about refugees gained new political pertinence in Erlangen. To address this situation, the

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city of Erlangen and Siemens jointly developed a paid traineeship programme in January 2015. The internship programme includes an integration workshop with the participating department of Siemens and a “buddy” (mentor), who serves as an additional contact from another department. The interns generally receive the minimum wage or the prevailing rate of compensation for interns at the specified location. Many of them proved to be particularly skilled in engineering and IT. The long-term advantages of Siemens’ internship concept for the participants include further opportunities such as fixed-term employment, student trainee jobs and integration into special training courses or vocational training programmes.XX

Challenges included creating a programme that fell outside previous regulations and structures and had to be built from scratch. This included the bureaucratic structures and cross-departmental knowledge sharing, co-operation in the field of asylum seeker employment, company processes and a strong framework programme for the traineeships. Short- and long-term outcomes were a reduction in the number of prejudicial rumours about refugees perpetuated among Siemens’ employees, the fostering of intercultural exchange of expertise and knowledge, an improvement in the workplace capacity for asylum seekers and a strong contribution to long-term integration. Asylum seekers received workplace Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, orientation and self-checked their professional capacities. Company employees could reflect on their bias against refugees and migrants and the company itself could benefit from the potential of qualified asylum seekers.

Finally, one of the most important lessons learned is the fact that companies can offer strong support to local integration efforts, they value the diversity advantage and can be great partners for intercultural integration projects.

 Irma Paringer, Diversity Manager E-mail: [email protected]

 City of Erlangen Silvia Klein, Manager of the Mayor’s Office on Integration, Equal Opportunities and Diversity Rathausplatz 1, 91052 Erlangen Germany Telephone: (+49) 9131 862375 E-mail: [email protected]

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Network C4I-COMMUNICATION FOR INTEGRATION PROJECT This project is part of the C4i-Communication for Integration Project put in place by the Council of Europe and the EU in 11 cities across Europe (Barcelona, Bilbao, Amadora, Loures, Sabadell, Patras, Erlangen, Nuremberg, Lublin, Botkyrka and Limerick) with the aim of combating stereotypes and xenophobia and fostering the integration of migrants into local communities. C4i- Communication for Integration, co-funded by the Council of Europe and the European Commission (European Integration Fund), targets prejudices, rumours and stereotypes by using viral information techniques to provide evidence-based answers to common misconceptions.XXII

AGRIV project, Neuchâtel, SWITZERLAND  Population : 33 712

To promote the employment of refugees and strengthen economic

development in rural areas, the AGRIV project in Neuchâtel, supported by ... Migrants Refugees, federal funds, offered refugees theoretical and practical agricultural training on local farms, combined with language lessons.XXII

Since September 2015, the regional Integration Office and the Chamber of Agriculture and Viticulture of the canton of Neuchâtel have been working together on the AGRIV project, a six-week training course for refugees with previous agricultural experience, which combines technical language lessons, professional training and short internships on farms spread around the canton. This way the refugees get to know local farmers, acquire the basics of farming in an entirely new context and gain the practical experience required to integrate into the labour market. At the end of the six-week traineeship participants are registered in job- exchanges managed by the Chamber of Agriculture and Viticulture, so that local farmers are made aware of the fact that they can save a lot of paperwork by hiring competent refugees locally instead of recruiting seasonal workers from abroad.

Whereas the project had a positive impact for all stakeholders involved, the challenges that such an initiative involve also became visible after a first evaluationXXIII Farmers underlined that there is a need for longer traineeship periods and that wages need to be adapted to this specific training-working context.

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Despite these conclusions, such projects should be promoted, because they have recognise and respond to the need to engage refugees in rural environments.

 Pierre-Ivan Guyot, Chef de Service Neuchâtel, Service de l’agriculture Route de l’Aurore 1, 2053 Cernier Telephone: (+41) 32 889 37 00 Fax: (+41) 32 889 37 01 E-mail: [email protected]

“Statushouders” (status holders) skills assessment programme,XXIV Amsterdam, THE NETHERLANDS  Population : 813 562 within the city

To ease their integration into working life, refugees who have received the right of permanent residence in the Netherlands (“statushouders”) can enrol in this programme created by Amsterdam City Council. What is particular about this programme is its customised approach: each status holder is appointed a personal client manager, who designs an employment and Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, integration strategy based on the “client’s” individual profile.

The programme offers a series of meetings/interviews to assess the status holder’s needs and assists them in their search for employment/education/language courses. The first step in the process is to assess the client’s educational and professional background and their knowledge of languages. Status holders can then enrol in the “Language Acquisition and Orientation Programme for Refugees” in which issues such as work, education, integration and settling into the city are addressed. Then, status holders are assisted in drafting a CV in English and Dutch. The main objective is to help participants get the opportunities they need to build their own future. Assigning each individual to a client manager provides tailor-made support responding to refugees’ needs and skills and helps them find professional opportunities in the Netherlands. As a result, the participants in the programme can integrate faster into Amsterdam’s working life, they are more aware of opportunities that match their personal experiences and competences, they improve their language skills and rapidly expand their social network.

 City of Amsterdam hotline (from within the Netherlands): 14 020 Telephone: (via Skype or from abroad): (+31) 20 624 1111 Website: https://www.amsterdam.nl/immigratie/vluchtelingen/ information-for/

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Network SOLIDARITY CITIES (EUROCITIES) The Statushouders Programme is part of another network of solidarity, the Solidarity Cities project. Solidarity Cities is an initiative for the management of the refugee crisis proposed by the Mayor of Athens and launched in the framework of the EUROCITIES network.XXV It aims to constitute the framework under which all cities’ actions and initiatives are presented, highlighting the political leadership of cities in addressing this challenge. Cities becoming active under the Solidarity Cities initiative, want to work with the European Commission and member States to manage the refugee situation. Solidarity Cities is open to all European cities wishing to work closely with each other and committed to solidarity in the field of refugee reception and integration.

 Further information http://solidaritycities.eu/about

Work plan for IDP integration at local level, city of Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, Mariupol, Donetsk Oblast, UKRAINE  Population : 470 968

The City of Mariupol is located in southeastern Ukraine on the coast of the Azov Sea. With around 500,000 residents, the city currently hosts around 100,000 IDPs. Local authorities are supporting IDPs integration through tolerance campaigns, social housing schemes and projects to attract high skilled IDPs.

With the support of UNHCR, Mariupol was the first city in Ukraine to organise in 2016 the Cities of Solidarity event, planned as a regular forum to bring together different stakeholders involved in supporting local integration of IDPs: central and local authorities, humanitarian and development agencies, international and national NGOs, civil society as well as IDPs themselves. The participants agreed on a work plan for IDP integration at local level, through an urban development plan that includes durable solutions for IDPs. It was also meant to create a network of cities of solidarity to share best practice in support of IDPs and local integration. To prevent brain drain and attract high skilled IDPs to the city, local authorities are hosting three universities displaced from Donetsk and provide premises for their functioning at no cost. To make the support comprehensive, solutions are pursued to provide staff and students with accommodation whenever possible. To address

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housing issues for IDPs, the city has already completed the first ever social housing project in Ukraine (with the EU funding) and is currently implementing another social housing project to provide apartments to families based on transparent selection criteria. Mariupol municipal authorities are advocating for IDPs voting rights at local level. One of the deputy mayors in the local municipal council is an IDP.

 Vadym Boychenko, Mayor Telephone: (+38) 0 675 432 650 E-mail: [email protected]; Stepan Makhsma, Secretary of City Council Telephone : (+38) 0 977 772 797 E-mail: [email protected]

Dresden handelt! (Dresden acts!) initiative, Dresden, GERMANY  Population : 543 825

With the Dresden handelt! initiative the city of Dresden has brought together Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, a number of different stakeholders with the IQ Network Saxony (Integration through qualification) to support newcomers through many integration initiatives and in particular to offer a platform for the recognition of foreign diplomas and for the assessment of professional qualifications.

The IQ Network is a regional project responsible for questions regarding the recognition of foreign qualifications and the skills assessment of refugees seeking consultation. After meetings and interviews, participants can orientate themselves among the existing services for their professional integration in Germany. Led by the “My folder” (Mein Ordner) project, an initial support structure was set up by the city. Available online and through a dedicated app, it was set up in Dresden to provide comprehensive information for all residents and newcomers. In addition to thematic dossiers with useful contact addresses and checklists available in English and German, these folders can be used to store important documents and can be used as part of all counselling situations. The Dresden handelt! iInitiative is part of Dresden’s response to the refugee crisis as a member of the EUROCITIES network.

 Employment Agency, City of Dresden Telephone: (+49) 351-28851074 Fax: (+49) 351-5292122 E-Mail: [email protected]

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 IQ Network Saxony Weißeritzstr. 3 (Yenidze), 01067 Dresden Telephone: (+49) 351-43707040

Protecting vulnerable groups (women, unaccompanied minors) Women and children, including victims of sexual violence and unaccompanied minors, constitute a substantial share of an arriving population. They are particularly vulnerable and require more targeted attention and approaches from local and regional authorities. The goal of this section is to highlight initiatives that cater to the particular needs of these groups, by offering psychological support and a sense of acceptance, as well as solutions for the integration of children into the local community, the education system and later into working life.

Free trauma treatment for Yazidi women and children, Baden-Württemberg,XXVI GERMANY Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees,  Population : 10 879 618

Some 1 100 Yazidi women and children who have survived war crimes and sexual violence committed by Daesh members were brought to Germany on a special visa and were provided with housing, specialist trauma treatment and access to diverse language courses in 22 municipalities and villages.

In the context of “Sonderkontingent für besonders schutzwürdige Frauen und Kinder aus dem Nordirak” (special quota project for particularly vulnerable women and children from northern Iraq), since March 2015 the German Land of Baden- Württemberg has offered a programme providing free treatment and visas on humanitarian grounds to over 1 100 Yazidi women and children who were held captive by ISIS.XXVII This initiative was welcomed by local mayors who have helped organise its implementation and offered shelter and support to the refugees. XXVIII Jan Ilhan Kizilhan, the project’s leading expert, travelled to northen Iraq and spoke with many women who were forced into sexual slavery, with the task of selecting the ones who would come to Germany. It was decided that for very elderly women, for whom it would be more difficult to build a new life without their relatives, the programme would be less beneficial. On average, the selected

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women are under the age of 20. The budget for the programme, provided by the Land of Baden-Württemberg was set at 95 million euros. The women were offered safe shelter, financial and psychological support and access to language courses and diverse educational programmes. Despite difficulties in communication, many local inhabitants have volunteered to help. The women and children are housed in 22 villages and cities in Baden Württemberg (1.000 women), Niedersachsen (70 women) and Schleswig-Holstein (30 women). In the interests of their safety, the whereabouts of the shelters are kept secret. Recently, Canada has decided to integrate 400 ISIS victims following Germany’s example and method.XXXIII

 Staatsministerium Baden-Württemberg Richard-Wagner-Straße 15, 70184 Stuttgart Telephone: (+49) 711/21530 E-mail: [email protected]

 Dr . Michael Blume, Project Manager Hohenheimer Str. 30/1 70794 Filderstadt, Germany E-mail: [email protected]

 Professor Dr. Jan Ilhan Kizilhan, Project’s leading expert Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, Telephone: (+49) 7720 3906-217 Fax: (+49) 7720 3906-219 E-mail: [email protected]

Preparing the entry of refugees into working life: “After18”, Leicester, UNITED KINGDOM  Population : 397 100

The City of Leicester and the Initiative “After18” have been working since 2013 with unaccompanied minors in Leicester to prepare their transition into adulthood and working life. Among the various services, young people receive specific information concerning management of personal and emotional problems, access to employment and advice on future studies.

During the last few years, the UK has experienced a particularly big influx of children as young as 11, fleeing war and persecution in their home country. Following the special treatment afforded to them as unaccompanied minors, turning 18 brings a change in legal status that leads to many difficulties for refugees. Many are expected to return to unfamiliar cities in their country while those allowed to stay must learn how to adjust to living in the UK. After18 works to support young people to make the transition into adulthood and prepare for their future.

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For instance, in 2015, the City of Leicester provided services to 150 minors from 14 different countries. Young adults in the asylum system receive one-to-one support to understand what this change of status can imply, to develop their support networks and to plan for their future. After18 works with academics to support research into the post-18 lives of former unaccompanied asylum-seeking children. After18 is currently working with the Becoming AdultXXX project based at University College London. After 18 also runs activitiesXXXI for young people to socialise, have fun and learn new skills. In addition, it provides speakers for groups and facilitates events to raise awareness of the issues affecting young asylum seekersXXXII.

 Irene Kszyk, Head of Equalities, Leicester City Council Telephone: (+44) 116 454 41 47 E-mail: [email protected]

 Alison Birch, After 18 (Charity) Telephone: (+44) 07851 022 125 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.after18.org.uk

Supporting existing civil society initiatives, Eurodistrict ... Migrants Refugees, Strasbourg-Ortenau, FRANCE and GERMANY  Population : 915 000

Based on a conviction to support existing projects instead of developing new ones, the Eurodistrict has set up a fund (€ 30,000) for local associations specifically committed to the integration of refugee children and adolescents, thus promoting refugee integration at cross-border level.

The Franco-German Eurodistrict is a cross-border administrative entity (European Grouping for Territorial Co-operation) sharing common institutions, active since 2010.XXXIIII Among the actions supported in this context is the creation of art therapy groups in an accommodation facility for refugees. Other projects include: ▬▬ The organisation of trips together with German and French primary school children, in order to discover the area and the culture of the host country; ▬▬ contemporary dance classes for French, German and immigrant children and the teaching of choreography that addresses the concepts of ”belonging”, ”Identity” and ”personal history”; ▬▬ artistic mediation workshops conducted by artists and a clinical psychologist for refugee and schoolchildren in Strasbourg;

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▬▬ scientific activities; ▬▬ photography workshops, during which refugee children are invited to present the photos taken during their migration paths and in their new environment.

So far, Eurodistrict has successfully supported 17 scientific and creative projects to integrate refugee children with French and German children, thereby promoting integration on an interstate and intercultural level. This approach not only underlines the strategic importance of local associations, which often possess the networks, know-how and experience in working on integration-related topics, but also shows the benefit of combining resources beyond borders.

 GECT Eurodistrict Strasbourg-Ortenau Telephone: (+49) 7851-899 750 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://bit.ly/2n0pXkF

Stadtteilmütter (District Mothers) initiative - Berlin-

Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, Neukölln, GERMANY  Population : 322 931

The Stadtteilmütter (District Mothers) scheme has trained 140 migrant women to be home visitors to over 100 immigrant families and to promote educational, employment, child care, legal and health information, thereby creating a strong local network for integration.

Women and mothers from an immigrant background are given a short training course enabling them to speak directly to families from their own community about various topics (immigration, language, work, health, law, child care and targeted development of children and young people). Outreach is thus achieved through demographic groups removed from education and welfare services, and connecting with the neighbourhoods becomes easier for immigrant families. The women themselves acquire skills that enable them to deal better with their roles as child-raisers and educators. Furthermore, their employment allowance gives them a unique opportunity to assert themselves in the labour market. The familiar home atmosphere and often the use of the native language of migrant families to explain difficult bureaucratic topics greatly accelerate the process of integration. In that sense, the project contributes both, to enhancing the integration of the beneficiaries of the outreach activities, and to the empowerment of the mediators (Stadteilmütter).

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 Diakoniewerk Simeon gGmbH /Stadtteilmütter Neukölln Karl-Marx-Str. 83, 12040 Berlin, Germany Telephone: (+49) 30902394185 Fax: (+49) 30902394419 E-mail: [email protected]

Providing better access to education Integration in new societies begins with quality education, which is one of the most valuable, empowering assets refugees can have. It enables them to learn the languages, culture, and tradition of host communities and to acquire new knowledge and skills, with which they can sustain themselves and their families and become valuable members of the community. Initiatives which facilitate access to education, such as open schools and universities and temporary education facilities with fast-track language courses, are an essential step for a successful integration.

Access to the cultural and historical heritage of a ... Migrants Refugees, municipality for all the residents, Gori, GEORGIA  Population : 48 143

Making the cultural and historical heritage of a municipality easily accessible to all residents including the IDPs is an important factor for IDPs’ smooth integration into communal life.

The city of Gori donated all necessary audio-visual equipment for free to an association (FLEX Alumni) to hold a two-week English language summer camp for children from internally displaced families in the Gori Youth Palace, which is one of the most significant buildings of the city of Gori. The active involvement of the municipality enabled the implementation of this ambitious project that allowed children from internally displaced families to access education, to discover a new language, but also to be part of municipal life by enjoying the city’s public heritage.

 Contact Tamar Mepe st. Telephone: (+995) 77 500 912

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Access to university education for highly qualified refugees, Erlangen - Nuremberg (FAU), GERMANY  Population of Erlangen : 108 336, Nuremberg: 501 072

As part of the Intercultural Cities Network, the city of Erlangen supported the efforts of the Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nurnberg (FAU), one of the first German universities to enable access to higher education for refugees by lowering the bureaucratic hurdles for university enrolment, conducting interviews and offering language courses.

In 2015, FAU began the “Study opportunities for refugees” project. In the first phase of the programme, the Central Office for International Affairs (RIA) team conducts orientation interviews with the Student Advice and Career Service to determine whether refugees have the qualifications required to study and to assess their level of German language proficiency. Asylum seekers and refugees that meet the criteria for university entry are admitted to the programme after this first interview. They then attend German language courses to achieve language proficiency. A further phase of the programme includes the opportunity to attend trial lectures.

Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, They also attend tutorials with practical exercises for additional preparation before studying. RIA has established strong links with local education providers, so that refugees who do not qualify for studying at a German university can choose alternative education options.

Students at FAU have also volunteered to help refugees through their involvement as partners in tandem projects or as mentors helping refugees with day-to-day matters and concerns. In the Law Clinic, students of law help refugees to prepare for asylum procedures and find volunteer lawyers. The Working Group for Human Rights and Medicine, a group of medicine students, helps to provide medical care in refugee accommodation and makes referrals to local doctors if needed.

The project has been highly successful from the start. This was made possible by the co-operation of the University Board with members of the university, with student volunteers and with the cities of Erlangen, Fürth and Nurnberg and other administrative districts. External funding was essential to financing the programme. In the beginning, the programme was funded by the Association for Promoting Internationalisation at the University of Erlangen-Nurnberg. At the end of 2015, the Deutsche Akademische Dienst (DAAD) reacted to the new situation and introduced specific funding programmes. FAU’s commitment has been particularly successful: around 1 800 orientation interviews have been conducted by university staff in

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addition to their regular duties since 2015. Thanks to these efforts, 300 refugees have been able to attend courses.

 Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen Nurnberg Department for International Affairs

 Dr. Brigitte Perlick, Head of Department Telephone: (+49) 9131 85-65170 Fax: (+49) 9131 85-65162 E-Mail: [email protected] Helmstr. 1, Eingang A 91054 Erlangen, Germany

Temporary education centre, Sultanbeyli belediye, Istanbul, TURKEY  Population : 302 388

The belediye speeds up Syrian children’s access to education by opening temporary education centres for Syrian children to learn the Turkish language, and by simplifying the criteria that families with school-aged children must fulfil in order to receive State aid. ... Migrants Refugees,

Because of the language barrier, getting refugee children into schools is one of the biggest challenges for local authorities in Turkey. The Sultanbeyli belediye opened a temporary education centre for Syrian children, which is recognised by the Ministry of National Education and aims at ensuring that Syrians have a healthy communication with the Turkish community and that they can adapt to the life in Turkey as soon as possible by offering courses every day of the week.XXXIV By September 2016, Sultanbeyli confirmed that there were 1 200 children in this centre.

In order to receive humanitarian support aid, families with school-aged children need to register them in one of the local education centres. However challenges do of course remain. Involved stakeholders claim that there is a need for further educational facilities and a stronger enforcement of the schooling-requirement for humanitarian aid. As one of the results, the Sultanbeyli district boasted a 50 per cent enrolment rate among school-aged children, which is significantly higher than the national average of 25% among urban Syrians in Turkey, according to the officials from Sultanbeyli’s Refugee Co-ordination Centre.XXXV

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 Association for Assistance and Solidarity for Refugees and Asylum Seekers Turgut Reis Mah. Fatih Bulvarı, Postcode: 34930 No: 306 Sultanbeyli /İstanbul, Turkey Telephone: (+90) 216 564 45 45 E-Mail: [email protected] Refugee Education Centre Address: Abdurrahmangazi Mah. Petrol Yolu Cad. No: 169, Sultanbeyli / Istanbul

Open schools initiative, Athens, GREECE  Population of the municipality : 664 046

By transforming 25 public schools into centres for scientific, creative and sports activities, as well as for language courses for Athenians and refugees, the city of Athens managed to bring together refugee and Greek children, increase the involvement and interaction of neighbourhoods and local schools in the refugee integration process and offer refugee children a safe environment where they can learn and spend time outside of their Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, accommodation centres.

In 2015, the city of Athens launched the initiative “Open schools”, a programme aiming to transform the local public schools in the municipality of Athens into centres for sports, creative learning, language courses and other activities for all Athenians and refugees. With this initiative, the school buildings remain open from the end of school hours until 9:30 p.m. on weekdays and from 10 a.m. to 8 p.m. on weekends. Not only do the workshops enhance language skills and cultural understanding of refugee children, but they also contribute to a direct exchange among newcomers and resident population at all age levels. Using the school buildings to host creative workshops for all ages, revitalises the spaces and brings the local community together in an effort to increase the involvement and interaction between neighbourhoods and local schools. The programme is led by the city of Athens and financed by the Stavros Niarchos Foundation.

During the summer of 2016, 450 out of the 1 250 participants in activities of the open schools were refugees. Today the initiative comprises 25 public schools in the municipality of Athens and numbers 170 courses with a total of 10 184 participants.XXXVI

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 Open Schools 22 Liosion Street, 5th floor 10438 Athens, Greece Telephone: (+30) 210 52 77089 or (+30) 210 52 77 570 E-mail: [email protected]

Funzi mobile app helping refugees to learn local language values and customs, Espoo, FINLAND  Population : 270 744

Bringing the refugee integration process up to date with new technologies and facilitating the access of refugees to information, Finland-based Funzi in collaboration with the Finnish Immigration Service in Espoo, created a free mobile learning and information service, which delivers reliable information on education, language courses and employment opportunities to their mobile phone users worldwide.XXXVII

The service is easy to use and applies to all migrants. It is initially available in an English version with multiple language versions under development. Funzi’s service

contains trustworthy information from official sources that will enable immigrants ... Migrants Refugees, to handle day-to-day challenges more efficiently and find the right authorities at different stages of their proceedings. The service is free and available for use worldwide. The company plans to expand its operations; country-specific learning packages for asylum seekers will be published throughout the EU. Additionally Funzi provides mobile courses for employment and entrepreneurship, which can help immigrants to bring their professional skills to the labour market.

Funzi’s courses are delivered in the form of a pack of cards broken down into smaller, easily understood and digestible sections. After reading and understanding a card, the user may have the opportunity to answer a quiz question, receiving instant confirmation of what they have learned and understood. The first services were initially launched to meet information needs in developing countries. In 2014, Funzi launched “Entrepreneurship” and “Get that job” packages that are used in Botswana, Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania and South Africa.

 Tero Salonen, CEO Funzilife Telephone: (+35)8405062440 E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Website: www.funzi.fi Funzi and the city of Espoo: http://bit.ly/2DzgFao

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Countering hate speech and acts of violent extremism Even when the basic structures (such as housing, employment, education) exist, a de facto integration and amalgamation of refugees with the local population cannot be achieved, as long as hate speech and acts of violent extremism exist; such practices lead to the exclusion and subordination of the affected groups and they hinder an equal and peaceful coexistence within the community. Consequently, countering hate speech and acts of violent extremism should be part of every local and regional integration policy. Thus, this final section includes innovative practices which promote cultural sensitivity, invite people to engage in open discussions, integrate anti-rumour strategies in schools and universities, and raise awareness through new technologies and art.

Anti-rumour web app testing citizens’ knowledge about immigration and decrypting rumours, Bilbao, SPAIN Intercultural cities network good practice

Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees,  Population : 345 141

In an effort to tackle hate speech and acts of violent extremism, this app tests the knowledge of users on immigration with a series of fact-based quizzes on immigration and reveals the truth or otherwise of common rumours about immigrants, thus raising awareness and illustrating the negative effects of rumours and stereotyping.

The main metaphor used in the Bilbao communication campaign is the umbrella as a defence against rumours that fall from the sky. The campaign has developed a short game, in two forms, a scratch card and a web app, that can allow the user to assess whether they are “protected” from or “drenched” by rumours. Multiple choice questions are used. In addition, longer statements of factually accurate information are presented alongside each answer, with a view to raising awareness of rumours and stereotypes that negatively affect coexistence among the different city populations. A final score is given, indicating the degree of “protection” from rumours. By disseminating this information more widely on social networks, the user may obtain additional “medals” and join the campaign for the values of multiculturalism, social cohesion and combating racial discrimination.

Similarly, and in order for this information to reach groups of people who are not connected to information technology, a paper version of the game was created.

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The app was downloaded over 1 300 times between September 2014 and February 2015 averaging over four minutes per user per session.XXXVIII

 María Begoña Cortázar Zubiaguirre Head of Immigration Bureau, Bilbao City Council Telephone: (+34) 94 420 3104 E-mail: [email protected]

Training university students to combat racist attitudes,XXXIX Patras, GREECE  Population : 260 308

Acknowledging the importance of having future teachers who are culturally sensitive and have a better understanding of diversity, 250 prospective teachers (undergraduate students) were asked to design, implement and reflect on/evaluate an anti-rumour campaign to combat prejudices as part of their multicultural course at the University of Patras.

Between March and June 2015 the C4i campaign organised professional anti- rumour training for future teachers at the University of Patras. Initially students ... Migrants Refugees, were trained to become C4i anti-rumour agents and they were afterwards engaged in authentic intercultural circumstances in schools and NGOs in Patras, which deal with diversity and migrant issues. The students had to identify rumours, design and implement anti-rumour activities in the workplace and afterwards evaluate the effectiveness of their intervention and prepare a full report campaign to be presented at a number of events (such as the European Local Democracy Week in Delphi in October 2015).

After a semester-long engagement with anti-rumour strategy, the students showed enhanced positive attitudes towards diversity. This project served as a practical component of the university course, as it gave students the opportunity to practically apply their knowledge in real workplace situations. Further, it should be considered as a first step towards the creation of a sustainable plan to integrate an anti-rumour strategy into the university curriculum.

 Municipality of Patras Maizonos 108, 26221 Patras, Greece Telephone: +30 2613610200 Website: http://pjp-eu.coe.int/en/web/c4i/patras

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Anti-rumour café, Botkyrka, SWEDEN Intercultural cities network good practice  Population : 90 675

In order to respond to rumours about immigrants in Botkyrka, the municipality created a public platform for discussing and exploring rumours and prejudices. A total of four anti-rumour cafes were arranged between January and September 2014, attended by about 100 people in total.

Measured by income per capita, Botkyrka is one of the lower-income municipalities in greater Stockholm. It also has the third youngest population of all Sweden’s municipal districts. In 2010 Botkyrka became the municipality with the largest proportion of citizens with a foreign background (53.2%) in the country.XL The anti- rumour cafe is part of Botkyrka’s participation in the Communication for Integration (C4i) campaign.

Each cafe focused on a particular rumour. The initial theme-specific concept was “Criminality”, followed by “incompatibility between Swedish and immigrant cultures”, “Unequal distribution of public resources” and “Swedish culture is under

Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, threat”. The rumour theme, “Swedish culture is under threat” was among the most visited cafes.

However, irrespective of the level of interest in a rumour theme, attendance by the majority Swedes was poor. Especially in areas with a high concentration of immigrants, attendance was lower. This challenge was addressed by organising “extra invitations” addressed to target groups from different demographic areas. In addition, invitations and information about all the events were disseminated through social media (Facebook, intranets, etc.).

The main goal of each cafe was to encourage people to talk about rumours that they usually feel uncomfortable discussing, and the survey of the participants indicated that this goal was accomplished. The participants reflected on how “true” the rumours all over Botkyrka were and gave examples from their own lives.

 Municipality of Botkyrka Selin Kayhan, Project manager of the anti-rumour Campaigns Telephone: (+46) 8 530 610 00 Fax: (+46) 8 530 223 50 Email: [email protected] [email protected]

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Don’t feed the rumour! AmadoraXLII, PORTUGAL  Population : 175 136

Focusing on tackling rumours, stereotypes and hate speech in schools and education and promoting an inclusive educational system, this open and innovative campaign enabled pupils to explore their feelings and thoughts about cultural differences, rumours and stereotypes through positive dialogue and art.

In the framework of the Communication for Integration (C4i) project, the city of Amadora has been implementing a communication campaign focused on education and schools. The campaign aims to address the rumour, indicated by research carried out in the city, that schools with a higher number of migrant students have lower performance results. As part of the campaign, 60 pupils from Seomara da Costa Primo secondary school were trained as “anti-rumour agents”. They also developed the theme of rumour and anti-rumour through various artistic resources, such as photography, singing and visual arts. Further, they participated in a debate entitled “How do I see others?”. Finally, as part of the campaign the city has set up a kite contest for all primary and secondary schools. The contest was Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, held between 2 March and 30 April 2015.

C4i has developed an innovative methodology, using different communication approaches based on concrete information (e.g. immigration statistics, the socio- economic role of immigrants in the host country) and providing training to anti- rumour agents who disseminate to the local population objective information, thereby creating an anti-rumour network.XLIII By using this methodology, paired with local political commitment, the project was very well received; anti-rumour approaches and diversity policies entered the school curriculum and the public discourse throughout the municipality. For example, one spontaneous effect was that the strong link with schools and the interest raised by the campaign led some teachers to select diversity as the subject of plays to be performed at Amadora’s Annual Theatre Show. In addition, after the experience of the “Don’t feed the rumour!” project, the city is preparing a municipal plan for the integration of immigrants that addresses discrimination and prejudice.

 Amadora City Council Avenida Movimento das Forças Armadas No.1 2700-595 Amadora Portugal Telephone: (+351) 21 436 90 00 - Fax: (+351) 21 492 20 82 Email: [email protected] - Website: http://bit.ly/2DqgCcS

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“Lublin 4 All” social-awareness campaign on newcomers, Lublin, POLAND  Population : 349 103

Between 2012 and 2014 the Mayor’s Office in the city of Lublin implemented the “Lublin 4 All” campaign together with the Swiss canton Neuchâtel, with the objective of presenting the city’s local diversity. The campaign contributed to an increased intercultural involvement of city administration staff and the creation of sustainable structures for the promotion of integration – all in a city with a recent history of political-economic transformation.

The campaign, part of the C4i project and funded by a grant from the Swiss government, included activities such as opinion polls, regular meetings with integration support groups, cultural sensitivity workshops and a photography exhibition featuring portraits by Lublin’s residents. The positive impactsXLIV of the campaign include the contribution to an increased intercultural involvement and a better co-ordination of and collaboration between the city’s administration’s staff. Lublin 4 All involved many different departments and centres within the local authority, and thus enabled exchange of best practices with Switzerland Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, and the establishment of relevant structures in the Lublin city administration. Lublin improved co-ordination by establishing a culture of co-operation and openness among the city’s administration and civil society stakeholders working on diversity issues. The support group was created as part of the Lublin 4 All project and continues to serve its purpose following the conclusion of the Lublin 4 All project. Further, with the help of this campaign the city created sustainable structures for the promotion of integration, such as the Foreigner Help Desk and a senior specialist post located at the Division for Co-operation with NGOs and Social Participation, which will continue functioning after the end of the campaign.

Finally, one can notice a knock-on effect on other cities, as some of project’s concepts were subsequently introduced to the Ministry of Labour and 10 other Polish cities.

 Municipality of Lublin Mayor’s Office Division for Co-operation with NGOs and social participation 3, Bernardyńska Street, 20-109 Lublin, Poland Telephone: (+48) 81 466 1956 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://bit.ly/2BkFdO9

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Bologna cares! The communication campaign of the SPRAR project in the city of Bologna, ITALY  Population : urban: 388 257

As part of the communication sector of SPRAR networks, this campaign aspires to raise awareness among the local population and to actively involve them on the topic of asylum seekers’ and refugees’ reception, choosing a specific topic each year and focusing in particular on the period around World Refugee Day on 20 June.

The Bologna cares! campaign is run by SPRAR and social third-sector institutions, in particular ASP Città di Bologna, and those involved in migrant reception (Arcolaio, MondoDonna, Lai-momo and Camelot).

The successful campaign has taken place every year since 2014. The theme of the 2014 campaign – “I fled because…” – was an analysis of the causes driving millions of individuals to leave their home country each year in search of safety elsewhere. The 2015 campaign – “Being a refugee yesterday and today: the stories” – focused on the stories of those asylum seekers who have had the chance to follow a structured path after being granted protection. The subject of the 2016 campaign ... Migrants Refugees, “Welcoming reception: a positive choice” is the welcoming reception of asylum seekers as a necessary and ordinary activity on the social scene both today and in the future. And the 2017 edition of Bologna cares! was called Integr-Action (“Integr-Azione”) and it uses a technique that combines photography with research and action: “Photovoice-immagini come voce” (Photovoice-Images as voices). Photovoice is a participatory photography project in collaboration with the association “Awakening”XLV and the University of Padua. After a brief initial training by photography and social work experts, participants will have the task of taking pictures of their point of view on the migration phenomenon and integration in their everyday context. The participants will be comprised of four groups of the society in Bologna: workers in the reception facilities, asylum seekers and refugees hosted in the reception facilities, local citizens in favour of the welcoming reception of immigrants and citizens with a critical approach to refugee reception

 Contact Bologna cares!  ASP Città di Bologna Lai-momo società cooperativa Telephone: (+39) 51-2966211 sociale E-mail: [email protected] Telephone: (+ 39) 51-840166 Website: www.aspbologna.it E-mail : [email protected] Website: http://www.laimomo.it/

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part V¶ Recommendations

IMPLEMENTING POLICIES AT LOCAL LEVEL ▬▬ ENGAGE the refugees individually and collectively in all decisions that concern their situation and engage the local population in finding ways forward; ▬▬ BUILD on local know-how! Reach out to the expertise of all concerned sectors (education, security, migrant communities etc.) before and during the implementation of policies for refugee inclusion;

Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, ▬▬ DON’T REINVENT THE WHEEL! Before launching a project consult local, national and international actors that may have already done something on the issues and better support already existing associations and projects; ▬▬ CO-ORDINATE AND CO-OPERATE! Ensure a regular mechanism of consultation with the national level and co-operate with authorities at all level of governance in the planning, implementation and evaluation of your activities; ▬▬ NETWORK INTERNATIONALLY! Make use of international networks, exchange best practices with other cities or regions facing the same challenges and engage in already existing projects and networks of solidarity cities, which can provide crucial support in starting or improving your policies;

FACILITATING INTEGRATION IN YOUR COMMUNITY ▬▬ CO-ORDINATE CIVIC AND PUBLIC ACTION! Establish co-ordination desks or local and regional refugee centres to best assess their needs and prevent duplication of activities;

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▬▬ FACILITATE the language learning process for refugees, by improving the access to information on courses, organising lessons without prior registration or providing online modules;

PROVIDING ADEQUATE HOUSING ▬▬ PERSONALISE and decentralise housing solutions by co-operating with private owners and housing associations; ▬▬ DON’T SEGREGATE but mix communities! Integrating reception centres into already existing residential areas will improve the access to social services (e.g. educational facilities, job centres, child care, health centres), enhance social inclusion and counter fear and prejudices among the population;

ENHANCING INTEGRATION IN THE LABOUR MARKET AND ECONOMY ▬▬ IMPLEMENT the necessary structures to screen the professional skills, experiences and language qualifications of refugees as soon as possible; ▬▬ GRANT the right to work, thereby boosting integration and strengthening ... Migrants Refugees, your local economy! Co-operate with companies in your area and create training and internship opportunities for refugees that respond to the needs of local business owners ;

PROTECTING VULNERABLE POPULATIONS (WOMEN, UNACCOMPANIED MINORS) ▬▬ IMPLEMENT mechanisms that respond to the particular needs of vulnerable populations, in particular women and children, by offering psychological support, mentor programmes and dedicated assistance by health professionals; ▬▬ ENSURE that unaccompanied minors are offered a safe space and support by professionals in order to facilitate their entry into the ordinary educational system and transition into working life;

PROVIDING BETTER ACCESS TO EDUCATION ▬▬ COLLABORATE with universities to find ways to encourage access of refugees to higher education, for example by simplifying the criteria for enrolment in universities;

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▬▬ INTEGRATION shouldn’t end when school ends! Make use of educational facilities and provide workshops, art classes or sport events for residents and newcomers, so as to promote integration also in the evening, weekends or during summer holidays;

COUNTERING HATE SPEECH AND ACTS OF VIOLENT EXTREMISM ▬▬ DEVELOP AND COMMUNICATE a clear zero tolerance policy on hate speech and violent extremism; ▬▬ IDENTIFY existing rumours among the resident population, implement activities in order to educate the general public, such as anti-rumour cafes or booklets, and facilitate specific trainings for professionals (teachers, staff of city administration); ▬▬ MEET AND INFORM! Bringing together newcomers and resident population through open round tables, workshops or intercultural events is one of the most efficient ways to counter misunderstandings and fear, and will facilitate

Refugees, Migrants ... Migrants Refugees, the implementation of your policies.

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part VI¶ Reference texts and further reading

Council of Europe- Intercultural cities programme (ICC) [email protected] www.coe.int/interculturalcities

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) Joining up fundamental rights-Toolkit for local, regional and national public officials: ... Migrants Refugees, http://fra.europa.eu/en/joinedup/home

The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) Regional Refugee and Migrant response plan for Europe, January to December 2017: http://fra.europa.eu/en/joinedup/home

Solidarity Cities initiative, EUROCITIES network Cities actions for the Education of Refugees and Asylum Seekers, January 2017: http://www.eurocities.eu/eurocities/documents/Cities-actions-for-the-education- of-refugees-and-asylum-seekers-WSPO-AHNHJB

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Cities Welcoming Refugees and Migrants; Enhancing effective urban governance in an age of migration (Inclusive and Sustainable Cities series), 2016: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0024/002465/246558e.pdf

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Roma Travellers

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Roma and travellers Roma and travellers opinion, national or socialorigin, language, religion, politicalorother irrespective ofrace, colour, sex, available in a society,opportunities an equalandfairchance to access discrimination isto allow allindividuals The ofnon- aim of theprinciple enjoy the employment. importantly, Most Roma access to healthcare, education and their living conditions and their protection this handbook, to discriminationmentioned in together withothergroups vulnerable isfor thisreasonIt that Roma, not centuries, ofexclusion. exercise them,becauseofadecade, if of theirrights, letaloneoftheway to arecases Roma themselves unaware other citizens. Furthermore, in many marginalisation andstigmatisation than are more vulnerable to exploitation, not assimpleitmay seem,asRoma however, theimplementation ofthisis your town, orregion. practice, city In same rights aseveryone else simple terms, In Roma rights ? part II¶ Human rights handbook Page orotherstatus.property, birth The right 82 What are their right to non-discrimination , inorder to improve enjoy additional for localandregional authorities do enjoy the in . Charter. andtheEuropeanHuman Rights Social as well astheEuropean Convention on Convention oftheChild, ontheRights andCulturalSocial andthe Rights International Covenant onEconomic, on Civil and Political Rights, the including theInternational Covenant human rightsinstruments andtreaties, different UNandotherinternational issueofconcernis across-cutting in and Declaration ofHumanRights recognised 2oftheUniversal inArticle is andnon-discrimination to equality making or racist policy implementation. or racist policy making segregation, policy discriminatory at the political level), forced evictions, many manifestations: hate speech (also towards and Roma Travellers andhas form ofracism directed a particular this stigma,anti-Gypsyism an unhealthy lifestyle. areactivities, uneducated andlead systematically inillegal participate the group: intheviewofmany Roma because of beingdenied often rights isvery Access by to Roma theirbasicsocial stereotypes linked to Based on Based stands but you give thesepeopleachance to you donotjustfulfila responsibility, investing inpoliciesto integrate Roma, limited access to humanrights!By thiscaninno waycertificates), justify documents, educational/professional sufficient documentation (registration citizens are your citizens and, above all, EU employment. housing,education, socialservices, and by discrimination, such as the right to affected access to rights particularly life by promotingto-day actively their inday-the right to non-discrimination that translatesis aneedto takeaction your competence. Furthermore, there Travellers in the fields falling within and social rights for and Roma the conditions for access to economic andto createcondemn suchactions is firstofall your to responsibility intoof Roma your community, it challenges that relate to the integration orderIn to findlastingsolutions to the to discrimination against the majority population”.to discriminationagainstthemajority The underprivileged on the grounds community needs of the Roma that that would “amount had refusedauthorities to consider approaches specially tailored to the enforce the order in2005 and 2006regardless ofthe consequences and would 8.Local constitute attempted authorities aviolation ofArticle to municipal landwithoutplansfor rehousing them:any sucheviction mayor’sA district from Roma asettlement planto situated evict on Yordanova v. andOthers Bulgaria,no. 25446/06,24April 2012 HOUSING ! Even iftheydonotpossess Don’t forget that Roma city developmentsocio-economic ofyour is an investment in the cultural and population. improve oflife thequality ofyour entire give backto your and localcommunity . regional authorities. a responsibility oflocaland not onlyanopportunity, itis is the humanrights ofRoma competences. Promoting to localand regional rights wereof Roma linked cases inwhichviolations States innumerous has condemned of HumanRights European Court …that the Engaging inintegration know? Did you What are theirrights Page 83

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers Human rights handbook Page 84 accompanied by therequisite procedural safeguards. 8(rightto familylife), hadnotbeen astheeviction ofArticle site–violation of the applicant’sEviction gypsy caravan family from a local authority Connors v. theUnited Kingdom,No. 66746/01,27May 2004 which hadnotbeentakeninto account inthiscase. in which it was doneand, ifpossible, arrangements for alternative shelter, their removal was proven necessary, indecidingonitstiming, themanner considering approaches to dealingwiththeirunlawful settlement and, if status oftheapplicants’ group shouldhave in beenaweighty factor Convention ineducation. provisions onnon-discrimination schools” for the mildly mentally disabled, such measures violated evidence showing dramatic inrates disparities ofplacement in “special The Court’s Grand on thebasisofstatistical Chamberheldthat, primarily 2007 D.H. v. andOthers theCzechRepublic, No. 57325/00,13 November education). 2of Protocoldiscrimination) takentogether with Article No. 1(rightto 14oftheConventionconstituting aviolation ofArticle (prohibition of childrenthe Roma concerned hadsuffered discrimination in education housed in an annex to themain building). concludedThe that Court school year (andwere eventually segregated into “special needs” classes Eleven children Roma hadbeenrefused enrolment the2004/2005 during v. andOthers Sampanis Greece, No. 32526/05,5June2008 discrimination needto beaddressed through positive measures. other things, disadvantages establishedthat thestructural causedby past based onethnic, socialandeconomic background. The judgment, among children Roma Sending to remedial schoolsconstituted discrimination Horváth andKissv. Hungary, no. 2013 11146/11,29 January EDUCATION for localandregional authorities systems neighbourhood inaRoma improvement of roads orsanitation does notwant to access fundsfor the inpractice? anti-Gypsism When amayor deeply rooted inoursocieties. What is remainsas longanti-Gypsyism This complex situation willnotimprove complex and difficult. renders theintegration more ofRoma such asschools, etc., publicservices, bureaucracies orformalised institutions globalised societies, includingborders, of incompatible withtheparticularities whichisoften with theirlife-style, them asathreat. combinedThis fact, approach authorities, ortheyeven see areRoma rather stilloften hesitant to by rhetoric Roma politicians today, reason, andin view oftheuseanti- marginalisation orexpulsion. For this such asenslavement, masskillings, for frustration through methods times, to scapegoats makeRoma a tendency, difficult especiallyduring years ago. Ever since there has been from severalarrival India hundred datesagainst theRoma backto their of EuropeanThe repressionhistory practice part III¶ Challenges in that your job, thejoboflocaland At thesametime, itshouldbestressed irrespective oftheirbackgrounds. of allcitizens by local authorities discrimination and the equal treatment implementation ofnon- oftheprinciple The only solution therefore is the employment assistance. for education, social welfare or documents andcannever register then grow upwithoutidentification to effort register babies, newborn who donotmakean or whenauthorities because offear ofpoliticalbacklash; rental housingonanequalfooting as denialofaccess to publicandprivate of allhousing-related problems, such housing For instance, when it comes to integrate populations. Roma for amayor to hostandeffectively communities, challenging it canbe very and education standards inRoma and due tocommunity the low health culture, traditions ofthe andstructure ofthedifferencesBecause inlife-style, regional authorities, is farfrom simple. , discrimination is at the root Challenges inpractice XLVI Page 85

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers the solutionisnotmere existence that lieswithinthefact, issue ofRoma ofthe evident that theparticularity the above illustrated challenges, it is unqualified employment.In light of and Roma Travellers in informal and results in an over-representation of against intheworkplace. This also anddiscriminated under-qualified beingundereducated,number ofRoma challenging withalarge particularly Access to the that andnon-Travellers. ofnon-Roma and of Roma Travellers than isshorter issues andtheaverage life expectancy reasons why suffer Roma health serious from providers, health-care are further discrimination coupled with reported remote areas facilities, to health-care from lack ofmeanstransportation of identification documents anda pay for insurance ortreatment, alack to a lack of financial self-sufficiency children.among Roma Furthermore, still contributes to low schoolingrates affects several generationsRoma, of lack ofaccess to education that often social exclusion resulting inasystematic As farasRoma conditions. settlements withsubstandard living excluded localitiesand hazardous of infrastructure andunauthorised inthedevelopmentof non-Roma with others, preferential treatment Human rights handbook Page 86 education labour marketlabour for localandregional authorities isconcerned, isalso communicating theissueandraising exist. Second,challenges actually First, understandingwhy Roma-related integrationRoma should be threefold: methodological approach regarding political success. that sense, In your is always mostlikelyto guarantee implementing sustainablepolicies day, that dedicates acity to effort in your community. At theendof lasting improvement of social cohesion population butthat are aimed at a the exclusion ofonegroup ofthe solutions that are notbasedon The goal is to achieve policies and sustainable policies embrace their rights while drafting diverging perceptions ofRomaand sidesandtoof both understandthe those rights, to mediate the concerns finding a it is about way to balance to bansettlements);city what ismore, toof Roma housingvs. theright ofthe of rights sides on both of non-discrimination inpractice of non-discrimination rights andthedefence ofthe principle mutual understanding, the balance of and sustainablesolutionsbasedon be the implementation of long-term integration, iskey. The third step should of myths, andofthecomplexity people’s awareness instead of facts . (e.g. theright . listed inthefollowing chapter. easy, butitispossible. Numerous examples ofsuchsolutionsare related to theintegration ofRomaisnotalways Finding sustainablesolutionsto thechallenges life inyour community asawhole! themselves, butare fundamental to improving ofRomarightsprotection are notanendin Practices show that aimedat policies the Don’t forget! Challenges inpractice Page 87

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers The mainchallengesrelate to theneedfor more timeto buildtrustandempower human rights education, formal andnon-formal education andlocalgovernance. Roma integration, inthefieldsof and practitioners international team ofexperts Guidelines andResources for National andLocal Facilitators, developed by an programmeThe methodologyoftheROMED-2 issystematised intheROMED-2 diversity municipality. ofthecontexts ofeachselected context-appropriate. As aresult, needto allprojects adaptto benefitfrom the inlocalgovernance isthat can onlybeeffective participation ifitis ROMED-2 organisations.managers) andcivilsociety Oneoftheleadingguidelinesin members,community professionals (mediators, facilitators, trainers, experts, The programme aimsat establishingsustainablesynergies between Roma andculturalsocial rights. empowerment of Roma and facilitate access to their civil, economic, political, governancegood andinvolves administrations local inorder to promote and sizes ofRomapopulation, usesprocesses ofmediation, principlesof Council ofEurope initiated States in12member compositions withvarying The concept, ROMED-2 aJoint Programme oftheEuropean Unionandthe ROMED-2 concept Council ofEurope resources, standards, methodology, andinfrastructure. networks consolidating the existing programmes through themosteffective useof existing bylocal authorities creating newinitiatives and/orby streamlining, codifying and ofintegration andassistingtheefforts for projects withtheaimofsupporting Roma The Council ofEurope, together withtheEuropean working Union,hassetup part IV¶ Human rights handbook Page marginalised communities. from local councils Unreliable was politicalsupport 88 Responses programmes for authorities local Council ofEurope support for localandregional authorities Up until May 2016,545publicadministration employees and735municipalstaff is executedprojects. It for between 18 and 22 months periods in eachmunicipality. measures 4)funding, andprojects; implementing andmonitoring measures and 3)translating thelocaldevelopment plansinto concrete action community; Roma 2) agreeing onwhat needsto bedoneto improve theliving conditions ofthe inclusion; raising awareness andbuildingthecommitment to oflocal authorities Roma The methodology appliedintheprogramme includesfour steps related to: 1) implementing all-inclusive policies, strategies andservices. with theright to capacities fight and poverty exclusion, by developing and vulnerable Roma communities andequippingthemthepublicauthorities than 80municipalities, withthecore aimofaddressing exclusion the social of of Europe, implemented insixEUcountries, and–upto April 2017–more ROMACT isaJoint Programme oftheEuropean Commission and theCouncil ROMACT Programme municipalities, withover 50CAGs operational. for solvingurgent problems. At present, the programme incloseto isactive 50 communitiesRoma about their needs, and they value the CAGs as new partners by localauthorities,acknowledged from asithasenabledthemto directly learn infrastructure, education, employment andservices. processThe ishighly ROMED-2 urgent problems communities, inRoma andto newinitiatives intheareas of many locations. recent, Although very theplanshave ledto theresolution of local policiesandtheirsuggestionsare incorporated into municipalplansin andtheself-esteem oftheirmemberssothat theyareskills now ableto influence schools for citizenship active that have increased theengagement, participatory The Community Groups Action (CAGs) that were setupare viewed aspractical programme in 2016 indicated that the programme is considered relevant. very also sometimesproblematic. However, results evaluation ofanexternal ofthe were trained andcoached on issuesrelated to planningandimplementation Agora Building, A4.08.V, Office Councilof Europe, QuaiJacoutot, 1  Marcos Andrade F -67075Strasbourg Cedex, France E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://coe-romed.org/ Telephone:(+33)388413728 , Programme Manager Responses Page 89

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers integrate originating from thenon-nationals ethnicity ofRoma othercountries about-romact-tcc) issetto respond to theneedsofmunicipalitieswhowishto ROMACT’s newlydeveloped transnational component (http://coe-romact.org/ to access theircivil, economic,opportunity political, cultural andsocialrights. givesthe mostdisadvantaged oftheRoma, communities, peoplethe inparticular is an illustration towards of the manner in which working the social inclusion of education, employment, health, housing, development urban and culture. It good governance standards andeffective integrated development efforts covering facilitatesROMACT thepremises for asustainable socialinclusion,itpromotes operation onthebasisofmutualinterests. andnon-Roma between Roma avoid stigmatizationgain theirsupport, andfoster ofRoma, interaction andco- over time. to peopleisalsocritical At of non-Roma thesametime, participation process by themselves, Roma thusincreasing thechances that itwillbesustained theirneedsbest. know alsoincreasesThat ownership oftheinclusion participation people, fosters ofRoma ROMACT since they theengagement andparticipation identification documents. and education (includingpreschool education), cultural issuingproperty activities, campaigns andoutreach youth services, employment, improved access to (buildings, roads, street lights etc.), cleaning and pest control, health-related as employment of school and health mediators, improvement of infrastructure as well aslocal municipalbudgetallocations. These initiatives covered topics such sustained, relying onlocalworkforce, volunteer involvement and contributions, implemented at eachmunicipal level. theselocations, In theprocess hasbeen for were fundingfrom sources, external andmedium-term actions 133short- Joint Plans/Local Action Development Strategies. submitted theprojects Besides whichrespondedprojects to socialinclusionneedsemphasisedinthe theRoma level. submitted the end of May 2016, 32 By municipalities in ROMACT a total of 57 representatives and23meetingswithvarious stakeholdersat localandregional field facilitators recorded anumberof350meetingswithpublicadministration the Local Development Strategies ofthemunicipalities. thisperiod, ROMACT’s In took place, inorder to prepare theplansfor socialinclusion andrevise orelaborate the localauthorities’ representatives, involving atotal numberof1522people, administration. Additionally, 138 joint CAGs meetings between the ROMACT and memberswereof 547community coached onhow to work withthepublic levelcommunity to theneedsoftheircommunities. assessandprioritize Atotal inmeetingsat participated 2900Roma Some of socialinclusionactions. Human rights handbook Page onsocialinclusion actions withmunicipalitiesof originand to for facilitate future theirco-operation concrete 90 for localandregional authorities del Fuoco ofthecommune ofSettimo with thesupport Torinese inthemetropolitan from whichitisdifficult toescape. IlDado run bythe association The project, Terra hygiene and environmental decay, wichcontributes to astate ofmarginalization people. The rest have to live settlements inunauthorised withpoor standards of 50% are minors. canhostapproximatelyThe settlements authorised inthecity 900 of city Turin and450in thesurrounding province. Among thispopulation, almost Around 2400people from andSinti theRoma ethnicgroups currently live inthe thepathundertake to housing, andeconomic social emancipation. is to help thefamiliesexit thesystem ofunauthorisedsettlements, andto aimed ata project settlements of Romanian Roma families. The core objective Highlighting theeffectivenessIl Dadois but ofsmall-scale actions, replicable  Turin, ITALY Turin andthesurroundingareas, SettimoTorinese, families comingfromunauthorisedsettlementsin IL DADO (thedice):ResidentialcommunityforRoma go alongway to achieving theinclusionofthisvulnerable group ofthepopulation. that even andremindin practice ofthefact small, authorities can replicable actions integration. The following examples demonstrate ways to implement integration are policies for called upon to when drafting bear in mind all those factors Roma andculture.acceptance history Local oftheRoma andregional today authorities inpublicdialogue,community access to education andemployment and andrepresentationenabling socialandpoliticalparticipation oftheRoma integrationRoma hasmany housingsolutions, facets: safe ensuring andsanitary Population : participation) (including housingandpolitical Integration community life inlocal Council ofEurope, A4.21.C, Office Agora Building, QuaiJacoutot, 1 349 103 F -67075Strasbourg Cedex, France Telephone: +33(0)390215683  E-mail: [email protected] http://coe-romact.org/ Responses Page 91

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers local administration organisations. andothercivilsociety stableandproductivesources andensuring relationships from withthe thestart size ofthe community. withfunding ofworking They alsostress theimportance and then replicatedsmall-scale action in another location rather than enlarging the Fuoco witha are better suggeststhat started withmicro-communities projects and operatorsbeneficiaries and a shared planning of individual actions. Terra del baseintheplaces theycamefrom, the cohabitationwith thebeneficiary of social development. The keys to thissuccess were continuity, stablerelationships thehouseanexample ofenvironmentalmaking andeconomic and sustainability surroundings, whilealsoimproving of life Dado’s thequality ofIl inhabitants, the process contributed to theintegration into community oftheRoma theItalian Builders provided training inthe installation ofthephotovoltaic system. Overall, per year. to thesemeasures Dadohouse’s theIl total consumption decreased to 67700kw/h relative costs, aswell aspromoting aculture for ofrespect theenvironment. Thanks aimedatThe project reducing Eco-Dado environmental consumption and impact, Dado house, peryear, equalto 164000kw/h represented asignificant problem. andnatural gasinthe Il until 2010, the consumption ofelectricity sustainability: peers. Another positivehigher thantheirItalian outcome was Dado’s environmental All minorsattend school, withanattendance rateinsomecases andperformance they hadstableemployment. ofthefamiliesachieved Some housingautonomy. of ahotwater heater. halfthecasesbothparents In reached asituation inwhich was provided by di Cassa diRisparmio Torino (Savings Bank)for theinstallation and the installation of a photovoltaic system in the premises. financing Residual 150 000euros aimed at paying the expenses for ofadisusedbuilding restructuring foundation Compagnia Paolo diSan withtwo instalments fundedtheproject of The province alsoprovided for Dadoto berenovated. thebuildinghousingIl The with Terra delFuoco with35000euros andfundstheproject annually(2011-2014). ad hochousingsolutionsare provided. The Province of Turin signed anagreement integration intheterritory. Families are thensteered towards greater autonomy and in job bettermarket, integrationopportunities and of minors in the society of city Turin, identifies settlements familiesintheunauthorised andoffers them Human rights handbook Page 92 for localandregional authorities E-mail:sindaco@comune.settimo-torinese.to.it Website: www.terradelfuoco.org Telephone: (+39) 0118028243  10136 Settimo 10136 Settimo Torinese, Italy Città di Settimo Città diSettimo Torinese Piazza Libertà 4 Piazza Libertà Parliament andotherEuropean institutions. recreational outingsfor children andvisits to various sites andto theEuropean have avarieddiet. Finally, are leisure alsoproposed, activities for example shows, associations, inparticular Resto duCœur”.“les Suchaidensures that thefamilies associations, hasbeenestablished. The familiesreceive food aid from charity the children’s schooling, involving the teachers, the parents and neighbourhood one orotheroftheschoolsinlocalneighbourhood. Asystem for monitoring up withtheFrench national education authorities. All ofthechildren now attend With regard hasbeenset to theschoolingofchildren, anefficient partnership has alsobeendistributed. and alsodental hygiene andhealthcare. Information ontheFrench healthsystem tuberculosis, raising awareness ofcontraception andsexually transmitted diseases, Moreover, information isprovided ofhealth,includingscreening for onallaspects as waste management, conflict resolutions andthe conditions for living together. framework ofthesite, for theuseofcommunal aswell parts asfor issuessuch de Vie (CVS)–a Social “community life committee” –whichprovides anofficial of theintegration ofthesefamilies. First, life day-to-day isorganised by aConseil ofthiscommunal area.the functioning The takesaccount project ofseveral aspects families signed a contract, settingouttheintegration andtherulesfor objectives families withany administrative problems. When moving into theEspace 16,the assistance, for management ofEspace theday-to-day 16andfor helpingthe Two socialworkers from Horizon Amitié are responsible for providing welfare meeting room. 26 caravans andbuildings, providing toilets, showers, washing machinesanda for integration. andotheramenitiesnecessary comprises services It transport, (closeto therailway ofthecity station) witheasyaccessin theheart to public Adopted withadecisionin June2011, “Espace 16” issituated onmunicipalland families, inorder to helpthemintegrate into society. associations, decidedto livingspace setupatemporary for some20Roma of theDirectorate andHealth andrepresentatives ofSolidarities ofpartner of Strasbourg together withawelfare assistance team madeupofmembers forcamps theconstantly increasing Romapopulation inStrasbourg, thecity orderIn to put anendto theestablishment ofinformal, andunsafe unsanitary  Espace 16,Strasbourg, FRANCE Despite themany difficultiesencountered, financial suchastheissueofsecuring Population : 271 782 Responses Page 93

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers Relations be established in municipalities in which either a single national minority Relations be established in municipalities in which either a single national minority While Serbia’s Law onLocal requires Self-Government that aCouncil for Interethnic crimes. population forthe majority minorproperty andforauthorities preventing scapegoating ofentire communities localRoma by for bringing theconcerns communities oflocalRoma to theattention oflocal amongothers,local Roma, indecisionmaking. These bodieshave beenuseful oflocal-levelthe quality interethnic relations of by increasing theparticipation separate initiatives) theformation bodieswiththe aimofimproving ofinter-ethnic Čantavir led(through andPeščara NGOactivists ofSubotica,Roma quarters andthe ofKanjiža, intheHorgoš ofNiš, theneighbourhoods quarter thecity In Romapopulation. local whichprovedof Serbia, effective to very the be insolvingissuesaffecting society,Serbian interethnic were bodies created incitiesandneighbourhoods environment conducive to better understandingofRomaproblems within self-government anddemocratic processes andto create andpolitical asocial to encourage aneffort In greater ininstitutionsoflocal Romaparticipation  Čantavir, Horgoš, Niš,SERBIA Formation ofinterethnicbodiesaroundlocal needs, regularly. oftheselessonsandattendedthe inhabitants class understood theimportance preparing to integrate into FrenchOver 50%of andfindlong-term society work. lessons alsoincludedinformation onthebasicrulesoflife inFrance andhelpin residents ofEspace 16over theageof16were registered for French lessons. These that made the success possible. of the project For instance, as of March 2012, all with associations andfamilies commitment andthenetworking of themunicipality in Strasbourg andthesearch for asuitablelocation onmunicipalland, itwas the large andever-changing numberofpeoplefrom living community theRoma resources given that thepeopleconcerned hadnoaccess to employment, the Human rights handbook Page accounts for more thanfive per cent ofthe total number of inhabitants orallsuch Population ofČantavir : 94 for localandregional authorities 7 178 , Horgoš : E-mail: [email protected] 6 325 Parc Etoile 67100,Strasbourg, France Website: http://www.strasbourg.eu/ , Niš: Telephone: +333886090 186 222  Clement Dolisi the familiesto remain to andtried integrate them into thecommunity. The first and athird beingpresent againsttheRoma inthetown, buttheydecidedto allow from the families. A third of the population of Indre were favourable, a third unsure Heinsisted thatservice. there hadbeennoissueswithreceiving thesepayments andshowers,with electricity witheach familypaying 50euros per month for this clothesandinstalledfacilitiestothey collected provide newlyarrived families Le Drenn, withthehelpofhisteam, actions: implemented anumberofsolidarity from beingevicted Fifty familiesarrivedNantes. inIndreafter Roma Mayor Jean-Luc the inclusionefforts. and employment for ofthepopulation thefamilies. engagedin Alarge part initiated by actions solidarity theadministration provided housing, schooling that had arrived in his town following from Nantesan eviction in 2013: The former mayor of Indre engaged in diverse to efforts receive 50 families  Housing for50families; Indre,FRANCE the success ofthebodies. processes indecisionandthedesigningmaking of policieswas keyto participation The explicit (but notexclusive) targeting focus andthedirect ofRoma ontheir in Serbia. Relations inČantavir andHorgoš were by theFund supported for anOpenSociety level. leadingtoThe theformation activities ofCommissions for Interethnic Interethnic Relations” were formed at rather the neighbourhood than municipal statute. called a “Council Rights” for HumanandMinority andincorporated into thecity’s mandated councils. Niš, thedifference In islargely nominal, withthebody formed the interethnic andPeščara bodiesformed inNiš differ slightly from thelegally comprise moreminorities than10percent ofthemunicipality’s total population, step was to provide schoolingfor children. As aresult, children Roma have caught Population : XLVII XLVIII In Čantavir, In Horgoš andPeščara, ontheotherhand, “Commissions for 4 000 Jovana Ristića 12/16, 18000 Niš Serbia Jovana 12/16,18000Niš Ristića Website: www.yuromcentar.org.rs Telephone: +381184246940  E-mail: [email protected] Contact YUROM CentreContact YUROM Osman Balić XLIX [email protected] , Director Responses Page 95

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers 1. municipality. hasexisted since the1960sandhosts140familieswith720 It The settlement Ali edgeoftheGjakova islocated Ibra at thesouth-eastern market andto publicinstitutionsandservices. of matters concerning health,theeducation ofchildren, access to thelabour Egyptian) community intheAli Ibra settlement andto raise their awareness to improvea project thelivingconditions and for (Roma, Ashkali theRAE Gjakova Municipality, Caritas Kosova andCaritas Switzerland have initiated  KOSOVO and Egyptian)communitiesinGjakovaL, Pejaregion, Housing andIntegration projectofRAE(Roma,Ashkali by mafia. theRomanian ofextortion victims livingintheNantesRoma area, stillfrequently with800Roma expelled orbeing thatunfortunate thispositive experience concerned “only” 50familiesoutof1000 relocated in11municipalitiesaround Indre. However, Le Mr Drenn notes that itis or integrate. This sentiment has been disproved, families have as the 50 Roma been did notbelieve andthought intheproject that were Roma impossibleto dealwith integration isimpossible. ofhis Most “colleagues”, even inthesamepoliticalfamily, LeMr Drenn concluded by his intervention emphasisingthat onecannotsay that French women dishes. Roma learned workshops were heldwhere learnthow theRoma to cook French food andthe between andtheengagement ofthepopulation andthenewcomers: cooking Le Drenn’s relocation project. The mayor provided anexample oftheexchanges the rest ofthe families relocated to municipalitiesthat positively responded to Mr result oflackresources. The town bought mobilehomesfor thesixfamilies, with explained that they had to concentrate on six families out of the 50, especially as a up withtheotherchildren andnow speakFrench withoutanaccent. Hethen Human rights handbook Page Population : in fullcompliance withUnitedNationsSecurityCouncil Resolution 1244 andwithoutprejudice tothestatus All reference toKosovo, whethertotheterritory, institutionsorpopulation,inthistext shallbeunderstood of Kosovo of 96 1 94.556 for localandregional authorities Telephone: (+33)2408545 Fax: (+33) 240854589  44 610Indre, France Avenue delaLoire City HallofIndreCity barrier preventingbarrier access education. to Paying quality attention to the particular higher education, rates. andto elevated schooldrop-out Segregation isaserious documents, childhood education inearly andcare to aswell low participation as registration childrenof Roma linkedto isoften thelack of birth andidentity discrimination, racism andviolence, amongotherthings. The socialexclusion vulnerable and exposed, to poor health, poor housing, exclusion, poor nutrition, The situation for alarming, children Roma aschildren isvery are particularly III. II. I. worked tomunicipality meetfollowing goals. have insufficient water supply. SeptemberFrom 1 2010 to31 May 2014the attracted by the conditions and have become asevere problem. About 48 houses sanitation system leads to an unhealthy hygienic are and insects situation. Rats therefore unhealthy indoor climate. addition, a lack of piped water In and a poor poor windows walls that andexternal create ahumid, insufficient thermally and problems roofs, abound, suchas:leaking wet floors, insulation, alackofthermal inhabitants. The housingconditions settlement intheAli are Ibra difficultand assessed andpromoted for thetarget group. andsustainable income possibilities New employment opportunities people’s andwomen’s needswere inparticular). addressed asapriority leveland access at municipality (young to education and healthservices promoted inclusionofRAE Social through community-building activities assessment). infrastructure, aswell assomesocialinfrastructure defined by aspecific of individualhouseswithadequate sanitation facilitiesandtechnical Permanent andimproved housingconditions (thisincludestheprovision Roma children Integration of andprotection Qendra eKomuniteteve 50000Gjakovë Ali Ibra, Rr. Bislimi70000Ferizaj Rexhep Telephone: +381290328110 Caritas Kosova inGjakova Fax: +381290396588 Headquarters Headquarters  Contact Responses Page 97

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers ▬ More specifically, thebook the comprises following sections etc. he isgoodat andwhy”, “what (s)helikes” and why”,“what (s)hefindsdifficultand interest methods, andlearning whilethechild isasked “how (s)helearns”, “what (s) The logbook provides theteacher withinformation onthechild’s mainareas of ▬ ▬ ▬ The process isbasedonthree mainstrategies: integration into education andschoollife. can facilitate thework educators ofRoma andspeeduptheprocess ofRoma child.the educational assessment background ofevery andskills This logbook administrative andhealth-related information, with legaldata andaCV Voyageurs” in Dijoncreated pupil, Roma a logbook for which comprises every order toIn enablepersonalisedaccess to education for children, theschool”Les  FRANCE through thecreation ofapersonalisedlogbook,Dijon, Educational supervisionof“travelling” children communities. inRoma are components critical inaddressing andparticipation inequity integration andsafety ofchildren andpromoting anddeveloping education early Human rights handbook Page ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ Population : 98 attended (with a view to networking with theteachersattended involved). (withaviewto networking schooling);informationand legaldata onthedifferent (mandatory schools Administrative information onthechild (surname, firstname, date ofbirth) on thelevel, content andobjectives. dealt witheitherby theadministration orthefamiliesthemselves, depending A mechanismfor transferring andupdating thedocument, whichmay be acquisition ofcompetences inallschoolsubjects. andknowledge provide parents and various teachers with information on the child’s level of The provision of a document (record logbook or school file) designed book, to the school. responsibility for theschool results andto position themselves inrelation to to (re)build theirconfidence, themandhelping reassuring to take Educational andrelationship enablingthechildren building practices 151 212 for localandregional authorities Schools inLeicesterSchools ofsuccessfully have receiving had ahistory pupilsfrom other school now wants to focus onimproving across literacy thecurriculum. major role anddeveloping inactivating aninterest for inlearning thisgroup. The in school, anddrawing parents into school, have allplayed andcontinue to play a offer andculture andbeingflexible withthetimetable, Romahistory the reflecting children’s stories andspendingtimelistening to thecurriculum them.Modifying Roma pupils;developingbetween keymembersofstaffand the trust, learning ofstudents. theschoolhasfocused Initially cohort onbuilding relationshipsRoma Babington Community Technology College hasa growing Czech andSlovak communication withthechildren’s families. curriculumandmoremodified flexible hours, and by promoting continuous improving education outcomes for Romacommunity by thelocal offering a implementingof a school inclusive education, engaged in actively being Leicester,In the Babington Community UK, College as an example serves  Leicester, UK Every ChildMatters:highqualityeducation forall, ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ Population : the child’s general development. between specifically educational contents which contribute and aspects to plan for thechild, etc.), inorder to facilitate identification ofanddifferentiation assessment andteachers’ comments (personalisedprojects, individualwork onsignificant achievementsA section his/her withthechild during selected (concerning health,for instance). information inschoolexcursions) andotherimportant child cantakepart may items comprise (for variouspractical example, whetherornotthe forA section the families when the child is being registered at school, which listing themostrecent work inreading andmathematics. aidsusedby onschoolbooksandlearning thechild;a section “roadmap” settingoutthecompetences a A section inthevarioussubjects; expected 391 100 Telephone: +33(0)380682864  Ecole ”Les Voyageurs”Ecole Rue Django ReinhardtRue Django 21 000Dijon,France Responses Page 99

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers council in Tirana. eachyear In ofitsoperation, the centre approximately hasserved establishedaday2011 and2012),thisproject centre inpremises provided by the by Save theChildren and, mostrecently, fundedby theEUDelegationinAlbania (in is to reduce to their vulnerability exploitation Implemented and trafficking. in 2009 of effective protection programmes for children and young people. The intention order to improve thissituation, Save theChildren haspromoted thedevelopment The ofchildren exploitation, haslongbeenanissueinAlbania. abuseandneglect In recreational to aswell families. activities, support, aspsycho-social a day centre that offers informal education, materialreferrals support, and offered alocation in Tirana where theorganisationSave the Children opened To reduce andprevent childabuseandexploitation, authority thelocal  ALBANIA Protection andintegration ofstreetchildreninTirana, with migrant communities. Roma the UK and other countries have Babington been contacting for advice on working Other schoolsandinstitutionsin theoutstanding all reflecting oftheschool.work emerging: improved attendance, increased engagement andraised aspirations are Additional Language)team withintheschool. Encouraging are signs ofthiseffort experienced EAL(Englishasan ofthe the outstanding workvery and effort inclusive ethos oftheschoolhasplayed inthis growth asignificant alongside part for otherpeople, thecollege staffmanaged to overcome thedifficulties. The pupilstoRoma believe that success ineducation was theirright, notsomething successfully to are thefamilies what theexpectations in Babington and by getting to encounter before implementing theprogramme. However, by communicating difficultiesthe were collegehad andpoverty further poor health,low self-esteem attendance was poorandthe children madeslow progress. Low levels ofliteracy, quickly. The samesuccess was notapparent community. withthenewRoma School countries withlittleexperience inEnglishandhelpingthemadapt oflearning Human rights handbook Page Population : 100 418 495 for localandregional authorities Strasbourg Drive, BeaumontLeys, Leicester LE40SZ Website: http://www.babington.leicester.sch.uk/ E-mail: [email protected] Telephone: (+44)1162221616 Fax: (+44) 1162221620  Contact The Ministry of Labour and Social Policy isimplementing inco- thisproject ofLabourandSocial (MoLSP) The Ministry V. IV. III. II. I. The are oftheproject mainobjectives asfollows. transition into system. schooling thelocal preschool education to Roma children, thuspreparing themfor asmoother at earlyattempts avery stage, start thisinitiative isengagedinoffering Understanding that access to education iseasierto achieve whenintegration  project, Skopje,NORTH MACEDONIA “Inclusion ofRomachildreninpreschooleducation” onthestreets andwiththeirfamilies.working the centre provides providers training for withchildren livingand working service registration andschoolenrolment. assistance, At medicalsupport thesame time, providedBeyond this outreach by services andcivil thecentre work, includebirth work to identify children withthechildren’s atandestablish contact risk families. constitute themaintarget group for thecentre. The outreach centre undertakes account onthestreets, for ofchildren livingandworking themajority theyalso exploitation and abuse, Romaand Insofaras Egyptianchildren includingtrafficking. to onthestreets300 children andbeingsubject atoflivingandworking risk operation Education withtheRoma Fund (REF)andLocal Units. Self-Government

Population : Increasing theabilitiesofteachers andteaching assistants to combat children.Roma Macedonian in thelanguageof459 andproficiency Improving socialskills the development andeducation children. ofRoma andencourageImproving parents thecapacitiesof908Roma to support Macedonia. preschool in18municipalitiesNorth attendeesIncreasing thenumberofRoma children) (459 Roma inpublic children andinvolving to solve inactivities them. localmunicipalauthorities the public consciousness abouttheproblemsRaising Roma affecting prejudice andstereotypes againstRoma. 536 271 Telephone: (+355)42261840/22619292266227 E-mail: [email protected]  Save theChildren Albania Fax: (+355) 42263428 Responses Page 101

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers such asaccess to housing, healthcare andemployment. education are vital for to Roma access theirsocial, economic andcultural rights, improve theireconomic situation. Practices that promote andfacilitate access to element for communities Roma to combat thesocial exclusion theyface, andto citizensactive and to fulfil it themselves is a crucial as individuals, but in particular to children,Roma be young and skills people and adults with the knowledge children460 Roma are includedannuallyintheprogramme. involvement of parents proved to be the means to success of the project. About communication between different and participation stakeholdersandactive ofpreschoolparents education for oftheimportance theirchildren. Thus, constant Units andREF. facedThe maindifficulty wasthe low level of awareness Roma of are providedfor stay inakindergarten by afull-day MoLSP, Local Self-Government teaching of17Roma assistants. secured MoLSP Funds theservices kindergartens, programme. To enablefullintegration into andeasieradaptation ofchildren to responsible for theday care ofchildren andfor implementing theeducational are childrenthe inclusionofRoma objectives. under the project Kindergartens the implementation provide of the project environment a full and supportive for in based onananalysis madeontheground aspartners by NGOs. Kindergartens staff. teachingRoma assistants andkindergarten Enrolment ofthechildren is includenon-governmental intheproject organisations /individuals, partners Other Human rights handbook Page 102 Integration starts witheducation! Notonlydoeseducation provideIntegration starts Access to education for localandregional authorities Aleksandar Georgievski E-mail: [email protected]  Ministry of Labour and Social Policy andSocial ofLabour Ministry ”Dame Gruev“ 14,1000Skopje ”Dame Gruev“ Telephone: (+389)23106253 Fax: (+389) 23220408 , HeadofDepartment North Macedonia North help theproject’s sustainability. Finally, theeffectiveness oftheproject was down at government oftheproject, inorderadvocacy to level, gainsupport which can was theclosecollaboration withNGOsonmattersimportant oflobbying and the monitoring andassessment ofthechildren’s Also academicperformance. in collaboration withuniversities. Continuous assistance was provided for Teacher developed andtraining training moduleswere was further drafted proved to becrucialfor themotivation ofyounger children to stay inschool. basic education to continue withhighereducation orvocational training. This children who have supported finished thesecond further phasetheproject In operation between parents andschool. school. mediators Roma/Egyptian community were employed to facilitate theco- alsocontributed totransport, themotivation offamiliesto sendtheirchildren to tradition. Provision children ofbasicneeds, and suchasmealsfor kindergarten history,Albanian classesonRoma language, andextracurricular culture and classesforand cultural mathematics understanding, andthe support afternoon fosteringmethodologies, activities tolerance schoolmaterials andextracurricular developed. Project includedtrainings for activities teachers inculturally sensitive Egyptian children inthemainstream education system was designed and (2008-2011) a model thefirstphaseofproject Roma/ In for inclusionof preschools. schoolsand old) inKorca inprimary and193teachers and inGjirokastra working Save theChildren Albania,involved theproject children 780Roma (3-16years Financed jointly by Education theRoma Fund andMedicorimplemented by ofEducation. Ministry national level by transferring theexperiences andthelessonslearnedto the teachers, andadvocating theimprovement at of policies local, regional and a holisticapproach, involving Romachildren andparents andtraining for inclusive education for Romachildren. wereThe activities basedon project the Children and other NGOs have working been closely to provide quality Authorities, themunicipalitiesofKorca andGjirokastra, theorganisation Save From 2008to March 2013theAlbanian January RegionalEducation  and Gjirokastra, ALBANIA integrated preschoolandcompulsoryeducation, Korca Securing access forRomachildrentoquality, Population ofKorca : 75 994 , Gjirokastra : LI

25 301 Responses Page 103

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers community andtheschoolteamcommunity are therefore called figures”“bridge (“brugfiguur”). and similaractivities. These mediators between families, theneighbourhood life clubs,community schoolby musicschools after gettingtheminto sports But themediators donotstop there; theyalsohelpchildren in to participate to participate.” intheschool, theyareparticipate allwelcome intheclassroom andwe’d likethem also invited inschoollife: to participate “We openschool, are parents avery can andkeeptrack ofwhatbarriers thechildren are doingat school, theparents are mediators. Notonlydothemediators helpparents to overcome communication an intra-European migration background themselves, along with “normal” school communication tasks, and intellectual Ghent trained school mediators who have orderIn to overcome somedifficulties, knowledge, linked toalackoflanguage concentration longerwhenconfronted tasks. withchallengingintellectual in Dutch,French orEnglish,how to read andwrite, andhow to keep their container classroom onthetraveller’s site, camp where children are taught, administration andRomafamiliesto better work together. alsoinstalleda It The employs ofGhent (Belgium) city mediators school whohelptheschool  BELGIUM Container classroomandschoolmediators,Ghent, policies. and raising awareness andpromoting systematic improvements inclusion inRoma school, preparing teachersto for primary a multicultural classroom environment of Roma/Egyptian children inschools, facilitating thetransition from preschool documentedthe project positive results in increasing the enrolment and retention to thecommitment ofthoseinvolved collaboration locallyinthismultisectoral that and financial Despiteconstraints, the obstacles of political instability it was thanks Educationthe Roma Fund. to the monitoring, evaluation and guidance provided Facilitator by the Country of Human rights handbook Page Population : 104 248 358 for localandregional authorities Ish Pallatet 1 Maji, Ndertesa 7 (Vila Lami), Rruga Mihal Popi Mihal Lami),Rruga Ish Pallatet 7(Vila Ndertesa 1Maji, Website: https://albania.savethechildren.net/news  Telephone: (+355)42261840 Save theChildren Albania Tirana, Albania Joint Commission Authorities to oftheGovernment initiate andNational Minority etc.).conditions ofwork, The school assistants’ Roma team worked together witha theirworkduring (includingemployment contracts for assistants, payment issues, discussion of topicsproblems such as the school assistantspractical Roma face presentations papers. andworking Particular emphasiswas placed onthe The workshops included lectures, brainstorming sessions, discussions, informal social network. in order to integrate into thelocalculture participants andhelpthembuildan suchasexhibitions,activities cinema,theatre andopera visitswere organised, published Roma-related amongotherthings. reports, Finally, evening cultural music,Roma CDswithlanguagematerial from ManchesterUniversity andnewly wereissues. All participants offered additionalmaterials, books, games, CDswith drug prevention andanalysis ofcurrent problems includingeducation-related pedagogy, andculture, language, history Roma Roma theeducational law system, teachers. and 15support The workshops consisted ofmodulesinpsychology, Each year, four-day workshops took place for 15to schoolassistants 20Roma Roma origin. teachers andhelpthemrecognise needsofpupils thespecific and support level ofeducation, combat dropouts school amongtheRomacommunity Roma working assistants asschool at Polish schools, inorder to improve the From 2005 to of 2011, the municipality Wroclaw organised workshops for  teachers; Wrocław, POLAND Workshops forRomaschoolassistantsandsupporting information below). (see further For thisproject,Ghent won Dosta!-Congress firstplace inthefifth Prize competition Population :  Contact Stad Gent-Department ofLiving,Contact Stad Gent-Department Welfare andHealth 628 589 Stefan Vanbroeckhoven E-mail: [email protected] Woodrow Wilsonplein 1,9000Gent, Belgium LII Website: http://bit.ly/2DycfQ5 Telephone: (+32)926676 Fax: (+32) 92667689 , Headofdepartment Responses Page 105

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers prevention andhealthpromotion, children’s creative housingsupport, activities, take place inisolation. The were pillarsoftheproject socialinclusionandcare, a range basedontheapproach ofactivities, that promotion ofsocialrights cannot Ionia Magnesiasfor March theperiod 2005to implemented June2009, the project of the general Local project As a sub-project Initiatives for Employment (TPA) of Nea status andanincrease checks. inmedical rates schooling boosted ofchildren andledto a 100%coverage ofcitizenship of the city Volos Centre and Medical the Roma Social opened in Aliveri, which responseIn to the frequent difficulties Roma have in accessingsocial services,  being supportforRoma,Nea IoniaVolos, GREECE A one-stop-shopapproachtohealth care andwell- programmes empowering andenhancinginclusiveness Roma ofbasicservices. to develop itnecessary thusmaking cause ofhealthinequalitiesamongtheRoma, cultural andenvironmentalSocio-economic, conditions are widelyrecognised asa exclusion and discrimination and consequently accessing face barriers health care. determinants populations of health,astheRoma frequently experience social percentage inhabitants. ofRoma wasthe project replicated which also has a large in the region of Malopolska, teachers despite existing mutual prejudicesassistants and support on both sides; Poland 2004-2013,managedto create ateam atmosphere school between Roma oftheGovernmental ProgrammeThis project, part for Community in theRoma contracts, to develop raised professional salaries, opportunities etc.). skills, the guarantee of safer conditions of employment for assistants the Roma (stable Human rights handbook Page Population : 106 The and poorhealthofRoma Travellers iscloselylinkedto social Health service 144 449 for localandregional authorities  ul. W. Stysia 16a53-526 Wrocław, Poland Dom Spotkan im.Angelusa Silesiusa Dom Spotkan E-mail: [email protected] Telephone: (+48)605115532 [email protected] Joanna Marzec LIII local NGOs,local aswell Regionandfive astheLazio branches health ofthelocal With ofRome, themunicipality this campaign Caritas Romeandeight other  Salute senza esclusione/inclusivehealth, Rome,ITALY been covered by 100%. but notleast, thecitizenship status oftheresidents ofthearea around Volos has beneficiaries Interiorwere of approvedfor thearea ofMinistry by the Volos. Last residence withinthespecificprogramme Roma housing.for More than350loans’ inorder forsupported theapplicants to benefitfrom thelending for aprimary their family’s capacity. As regards housing, more than 500 applications have been have beenvaccinated, whichtheycould nothave accessed onlyby meansof school(from 35%to 85%).All children childrenof Roma inprimary ofschoolage oftheprogrammeThe increase impacts intheenrolment includeaspectacular also implemented. schooling rates andenhance theinvolvement ofparents ininformal education was Centre, withthenational Greek Support Roma co-operation aninitiativeIn to boost nationwide. oftheproject andat andbestpractices thewiderpublicity of actions CentresMedical (www. romoffice.net) aiming at mutual information and promotion resultedactivities intheformation ofthePanhellenic and ofSocial Network infavour addition,strengthenedactivities In networking oftheprotection ofRoma. onunequaltreatmentby contributing reports casesinvolving andwith Roma been thefirstsocialandmedical centre withtheGreek Ombudsman, to co-operate claim theirrightsascitizens. Centre andMedical The Social Roma inAliveri has residents origin who, ofRoma asaresult ofchronic lackofinformation, could not by thecitizenship andthusensuring promoting ofmany pilotcasesto courts socialinclusion hashelpedRoma action inadvocacy The increased support children’s education, employment, etc. their home, to meeteach other andto discussissuesthat concern them,suchas inorderof theproject to encourage women to community getoutof oftheRoma issues. Furthermore, a ”Women’s Place” Meeting has been created in the context andcreatinginclusion inthelabourmarket onRoma aspace for networking unit (ASL), aim to improve thehealth situation Romapopulation ofthe local Population : 2.868 million Telephone: (+30)24213-50173/174/122 Email: [email protected]  Municipality of Volos Municipality Responses Page 107 LV

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers care personnelandhealthcare education. Trento. Finally, isreplicable theproject the training intwo mainaspects, ofhealth ittoHealth whoextended fiveMilan, more cities: Palermo,Messina, Florence and not beenpreviously planned. of The caught project theattention oftheMinistry by concrete hasbeenfurthered initiativesof services takenby theASLthat had units (ASL). As aresult, healthconditions themonitoring ofRoma andthesupply greater willingness to cooperate withthetarget group by thelocalhealthcare mediator), could oftheproject theobjectives bemet. Also, hasfostered theproject multi-professional team (physicians, ananthropologist, apsychologist andaRoma in1987)andthe thefirst interventions how (whohadstarted ofCaritas Roma theknow- network, As sector aresult oftheestablishment ofawideprivate-public ▬ ▬ ▬ concernedThe thefollowing. mainactivities (provided of health careterritorial distribution by services each local health unit). settlements. were Specificactivities gatheringinformation planned after onthe Operators firstdefinedthetarget group bythemeansof a censusofthe services, healthcare education andtraining ofhealthcare personnel. by increasing vaccine coverage, improving access to mainstream health Human rights handbook Page ▬ ▬ ▬ 108 municipalities provided technical assistance. the European Integration ofHealth.Regions Fundand (EIF),andtheMinistry church-relatedparticular fundingfrom CEI(Conferenza Episcopale Italiana), test. The was project financed by private social, publicandEUfunding, in knowledge withanassessment ofthestaff’sby meansofapreliminary started The training ofhealthcare staff. seminar was organised,two-day which A chronic diseases andthepromotion healthy lifestyles for children andadults. andincludedinformationSerbian abouttheprevention ofinfectiousand was distributed andexplained. The leaflet was translated intoRomanian and Health care education –aleaflet,Scegli entitledSalute la (Choose health) women andchildren withoutvaccine coverage. attentionrelevant devoting to pregnant healthcare particular services) orientation (thetargetHealth care group services was invited to to turn the for localandregional authorities E-mail: [email protected]  via Marsala, 103 - 00185 Roma, Italy 103-00185Roma, via Marsala, Area sanitariaCaritas diRoma Telephone: (+39) 64454791 Fax: (+39)64457095

and Juneto confirm each young person’s planned enrolment at the school for the integration, initiallyplaced theteenagers in thevocational schoolbetween April for exchangesopportunities andlearning, andto offer training to improve social ECCOFOR, aFrench association to withthesocialobjective create links, networks, commitment from volunteers from theeducation sector. metalwork andtyres) ingenuine working conditions withastrong school” that combines vocational technical personalised training (in occupational for theirfuture, prospects ECCOFOR hassetupa”production and Travellers, to become integrated and offer ofsociety them members To enableyoung from people different backgrounds, includingRoma  difficulties ECCOFOR, Dole, Franche-Comté, FRANCE Vocational training foryoungpeopleexperiencing forpriorities localandregional authorities. offering training and encouraging their competitiveness shouldtherefore be forand abilities byup the labour market enhancing their traditional Roma, skills why unemployment isstillonemajorissuefor population. theRoma Opening environment for anddisrespect thecultural differences are some ofthe reasons LackofformalRoma. education andtraining, poverty, discriminationinthework iskeyforthe labourmarket thesocialinclusionandeconomic empowerment of Population : Recognise theeconomic inclusion!Access dimension ofRoma to Integration into market thelabour  25 384 GrIS-Lazio c/o Società Italiana di Medicina delleMigrazioni diMedicina Italiana c/oSocietà GrIS-Lazio Piazza S.Giovanni inLaterano, 6–00184,Italy  Telephone: (+39)669886424 Website: www.caritasroma.it Caritas Diocesana diRoma Telephone: (+39)64454791 Website: www.simmweb.it E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (+39) 669886489 Fax: (+39) 6.4457095 S.I.M.M. Responses Page LVI

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Roma and travellers Roma and travellers Roma and 46%non-Roma. Roma students and non-Roma alike.Roma 54% of the students Some at the schoolare The enrolment schoolhasalsogrown, rate at thelocal elementary amongboth has continued to grow from about600residents inthelate 1990sto 1600today. average. Andmost telling perhaps for the state of coexistence the town in Slovakia, legally, puttingthetown’s unemployment Roma rate farlower thanthenational create more jobs. Today works Hrhov population about 50% of the Roma of Spišský ofsmallbusinessesrunbya collection themayor’s office, with profits reinvested to Vladimir Ledecký, asheshows offthe centrepiece –the ofhiseffort firm,” “municipal the life peoplehasimproved, ofRoma andwe allhave oflife,” ahigherquality says islazy,minority unwilling to work andincapable ofintegration. employment,“With prejudicesresidents that jobs, theRoma helpedto andinturn counter age-old Driven by asense of justice aswell aspragmatism, themayor hasgiven Roma economic conditions. andconsequentlythe country seesagradual improvement intheirsocio- Roma community hasoneofthelowest unemployment rates throughout for othersto follow. By creating jobsthrough amunicipalfirm,thelocal Slovakia,In theMayor Hrhov ofSpišský settinganexample hasbeen  Job creation, SpišskýHrhov, SLOVAKIA life. working to start asapassport level whichwillserve ofskills, jobs andlocalemployers. Participants are awarded indicating their acertificate trades andtheircurrent orpotential labourneedsandthesystematic mappingof were canvassing theactive inorder oflocalfirms oftheir to gainaclearpicture funding ofvocational advantages inthemethodofthisproject training. Important contributions); and10tovoluntary 20%from theRegional Council grant for the 20to 30%from theapprenticeshipof goodsorservices; and tax(plussponsoring manual trade. The iscomprised of60%from fundingoftheproject theproduction is 10months anditisopento allpupilsbetween 14and18wishingto train ina academic year beginning thefollowing September. The duration ofthetraining Human rights handbook Page Population : 110 1 333 for localandregional authorities 8, rue Marie JosephJacquard8, rueMarie 39100Dole, France Telephone: (+33)980903705 E-mail: [email protected] LVII Juralternance  ECCOFOR

deal withexisting stereotypes towards population. theRoma campaigns andpoliciesthat encourage opendialogue, raise publicawareness and life inthecommunity. Therefore, highlights andendorsesinstitutions, thissection relatessociety to everyday to shapingissuesfrom theRoma, making law- andpolicy orabused,who may asitcanbeseenintheway bevictimised that thewholeof goesbeyond practices. thoseindividualRoma It ofdiscriminatory wide spectrum asitstigmatisesRoma, inthepublicimagination Roma andcangive to rise avery isoneofthemostdisruptiveAnti-Gypsyism forces that hindersocialinclusionof inclusiveness.” Hrhov. “We’ve grown upandbecome more mature interms ofinter-relations and in people’s minds,” says Principal Peter schoolinSpišský Strážik oftheelementary some consider aform ofsegregation. Despite everything, hasbeenprogress“There water andwhere aseparate schoolwas created for theyoungest students –what Just afew milesfrom thistown settlement isaRoma where many have norunning studies, tend whilethenon-Roma to headforelementary university preparation. tensions remain. goonto ofRoma The vocational vast majority trainingtheir after is cheaperandtheschoolsuccessful. Still, theinitiative isawork inprogress as Many have moved here from thenearby larger town ofLevoča becausetheland officials, NGOsandmany mayors. Last yearit wasnamedthebestvillageinSlovakia. become a national model. The USEmbassyhaspaidavisithere, ashave European centre andpool. The ontheentire concept hashadamajorimpact town, whichhas season, who build homes and buildings, work with wood and in a municipal fitness firm” to giveRoma jobs. employsThe firm 50 Roma,dependingonthe to100 The mayor ofthe initiallyallocatedtown’s afifth budget towards the “municipal culture/identity and awareness-raising ofRoma Fight againstanti-gypsyism SNP 10, 053 02 Spišský Hrhov,SNP 10,05302Spišský Slovakia Telephone/Fax: (+421)534592238  E-mail: [email protected] Obecný úrad Hrhov Spišský Responses Page 111

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers while raising awareness andculture. theirhistory about into practice, by safeguarding therights andfreedoms oftheRomapopulation SintiGerman andRomainHeidelberg culture, theCentral Council, andCultural andtheDocumentary Centre of population andat thesametimepromoting andsafeguarding theRoma Catering to theneedsandaffairsof German Sintiregional andRoma  Heidelberg, Sinti andRomaCouncilCultural Centre, Human rights handbook Page Population : 112 In thedeclaration, themayorsIn commit themselves to defending the Council ofEurope (SRSG)for Issues. Roma and Valeriu Nicolae, theSpecialRepresentative Generalof oftheSecretary presented by John Warmisham, Congress Spokespersonfor Issues, Roma its32ndsessioninMarchGypsyism during 2017. The declaration was Representatives ofCouncil ofEurope States Member againstanti- adopted this Declaration ofMayors Local andElected andRegional The Congress for Local andRegional Authorities oftheCouncil ofEurope Gypsyism of Europe MemberStates against anti- and RegionalRepresentativesofCouncil Declaration ofMayors andElected Local and racial hatred. whichinciteauthorities orattempt to stirupracial orethnicprejudices at orlocalandregional alllevels withanyco-operation politicalparties They alsocommit to refraining from any forms ofpoliticalalliance or and speech againstRoma Travellers andany otherform ofanti-Gypsyism. discrimination, violence, harassment, incitement to hatred andhate human rightsanddemocratic andto allforms principles rejecting of 154 715 LVIII for localandregional authorities GERMANY www.coe.int/congress-roma-declaration LIX putthefight againstanti-Gypsyism Get involved! Further information : in 2015ofaLocal Strategy for theRoma People inBarcelona. established inBarcelona in1998andthrough led jointto the creation efforts Council for the Roma(Consell MunicipaldelPoble aBarcelona) Gitano was and debate concerning andculture, Romaissues, theirhistory theMunicipal With asastableplatform the aimofacting for thepromotion ofdialogue  Municipal CouncilforRoma;Barcelona, SPAIN of Sinti to andRoma protect theirrights. was signed by theLandof Baden Württemberg andthefederal State’s association concerning population. thelocalRoma LXFinally, aState contract (“Staatsvertrag”) asaplatformcan act withinBaden Württemberg for the discussion ofallaffairs Württemberg establishedalocalcouncil for theaffairsofSintiRoma,which and Federal Government and regional particular, authorities. In the “Land” ofBaden- government,German ithasdeveloped apermanent dialoguewiththeGerman Whereas in the beginning the Central Council was established against the will of goes backmore than 600 years. ofthe Sinti in Germany and Roma and in Europe,is documenting the history which andaplace ofhistorical memory. history contemporary The maintaskofthecentre intheworld, whichmakesthecentre museum of of itskind animportant the HolocaustofSinti isassessedintheonlypermanent exhibition andRoma is aplace ofremembrance particular, foroftheNational Socialists. In thevictims excursions, screenings, exhibitions, Furthermore, andconcerts. lectures thecentre ofHeidelberg. ofthecity culture,Roma withthesupport The centre organises Sintiaplace andRoma, ofencounterGerman anddialoguehometo therich The andCultural oldtown ofHeidelbergCentre alsohoststheDocumentary of asminorities. inpoliticsandfortreatment theirsupport andparticipation in Heidelberg, itrepresents Sintiandworks andRoma for German theirequal Sinti anumbrella and Roma, organisation of17regional organisations. Based 1982,Sinti themselves andRoma In founded theCentral Council of German Population : 1.6 million Bremeneckgasse 2,69117Heidelberg, Germany  Zentralrat DeutscherSinti undRoma E-Mail: [email protected]: Telephone: (+49)6221981102 Telefax: (+49)6221-981190 LXI Responses Page 113

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers Nazionale Antidiscriminazioni to organise suchas Razziali) projects citizens. Italy, In cooperated thecampaign UNAR(Ufficio withtheItalian by theCouncil ofEurope which aimsat bringing non-Romacloserto Roma Dosta!, aRomaniword meaning “enough”, isan awareness-raising campaign  Milan, Naplesandothers,ITALY ”Dosta!” (Enough!)campaign –example ofRome, promoting culture, Roma many ofwhichtook place inpublicandtourist areas the framework Day, oftheInternational Roma Barcelona hosted aweek ofevents existing stereotypes and prejudice towards For theRoma. example, in2016, to promoteengaged inefforts Roma culture andidentity, asa way ofdealingwith the second isto follow ofthelocalstrategy. theactions Barcelona hasalso City oftheHolocaust, and ofthevictims inmemory DayInternational Roma ortheact istoobjective work for thepromotion andpreparation ofevents suchasthe groupworking for events group andtheworking for strategy. Roma The first At anoperational level, thecouncil isorganised intogroups: two working the people facingthefuture visible. a stableinterlocutor andchallengesoftheGypsy to maketheneeds, particularities realisticThe council andviableproposals articulates and, at as thesametime, itacts ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ goals ofthecouncil are to: improvement ofthe welfare oflife andquality peopleinthe city. ofRoma The main asastableplatformacts for dialogueanddebate onissuesrelated to the Created Council in1998,theMunicipal oftheGypsyPeople ofBarcelona (CMPGB) Human rights handbook Page discussion panels, exhibitions, concerts andpublicdebates in40citieswith ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ Population ofRome: 114 the Roma populationthe Roma ensure that Programme Action theMunicipal includesspecificmeasures for stimulate participation; promote initiatives to combat racism andanti-Gypsyism; promote concerning culture; theRoma actions for localandregional authorities 2.8 million  Consell MunicipaldelPoble deBarcelona Gitano Passeig deSant Joan,7508009Barcelona, Spain , Milan : , Milan 1.3 million Website: http://bit.ly/2p0bohP Telephone: (+34)932562017 , Naples: 983 755 Minister ofJustice.Minister ofEducation, ofHealth,theMinister University andResearch,the Minister and the Integration Affairs,Interior, ofLabourandSocial Minister withtheMinister of the di regia) jointly established by for and the Minister International Co-operation organisations,society ones, including Roma Panel and anInterministerial (Cabina cities. Aside from theCouncil ofEurope andUNARwere, civil Included participants television andonvideoscreens inunderground train stations andonbusesinsome andpromotionaladvertisement videoswere produced andbroadcast onnational and movies offering a greater out.knowledge A Roma ofwascarried television local authorities. At theschoollevel, withvideos thedissemination ofatool-kit events,sporting theatre pieces andpublic debates associations amongRoma and citiesweretotal of40 Italian involved inpublicexhibitions, cultural concerts, and a substantial presence national television from andleadingnewspapers. Italian A courses for professional have journalists andNaples, beenheldinRome, with Milan video advertisements. More pointedly, in2011,withtheevent training ROMNEWS, awareness-raising initiatives in40cities, awareness-raising initiatives inschool and to beorganised throughout thecountry, includingthetraining ofjournalists, the essential profiles ofthe campaign, gathering ideas, andinitiatives projects Sinti associations andfederations. This panelhasmetseveral times, drawing up UNAR setupatechnical and panelfor withtheRoma apermanent co-ordination hasalreadyDosta! campaign implemented been in18countries. the aimofraising theawareness ofthemediaandwidercivilsociety. The  Ufficio Nazionale Razziali Ufficio Antidiscriminazioni Via dellaFerratella inLaterano, 51 Telephone: (+39)667792267 [email protected] Fax: (+39)667792272 E-mail:[email protected] 00184 Roma, Italy 00184Roma, Responses Page 115

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers Human rights handbook Page 116 campaign andtheCongress ofLocal andRegional Authorities ofthe Dosta!-Congress Prize for is organised municipalities. by It the Dosta! inthecompetition for addition,municipalities can participate the In andFrance. Bulgaria Latvia, it was launchedinUkraine, Moldova, Italy, Croatia, Romania, Slovenia, 2007. As it raised theinterest ofotherStates, between 2008and2010, and”theof Serbia, former Yugoslav ofMacedonia”, Republic in2006and andHerzegovina,Albania, Bosnia Montenegro, theRepublic The awareness-raising campaign was Dosta! implemented in meet theRoma! Dosta! Enough!Gobeyondprejudice, Volos (Greece) andthird place went to Gliwice (Poland). (Turkey), second firstplace place cameŞişli In was Session. awarded to ofthePrize,of the10thanniversary ontheoccasion oftheCongress 33rd edition of the Dosta!-Congress Prize which coincided with the celebration 2017,threeIn citieswere honoured anaward during ceremony for the6th oftheRoma. lifein community democratic and theactive participation whose creative andinnovative initiatives mosteffectively ensure diversity population. The Dosta!-Congress Prize isawarded to three municipalities of Europe memberStates that have targeting runprojects theRoma competition isopento from municipalitiesandlocalauthorities Council rights’ Roma andminority inthefieldof local authorities protection. The work toCouncil strengthen oftheiron-going ofEurope therole of aspart for localandregional authorities http://www.roma-alliance.org/en/ Get involved! Further information http://www.dosta.org :

PROVIDING BETTER ACCESSPROVIDING BETTER TO EDUCATION CHILDREN PROTECTING ANDINTEGRATING ROMA ▬ LOCAL COMMUNITY LIFE FACILITATING INTEGRATION IN part V¶ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ educational background. through theuseofassessments andrelevantskills documents proving their documentscertificate, andhealth identity records, andkeeptrack oftheir education inclosecollaboration with thechildren’s families. by organising day centres, informal courses andeasieraccess to pre-school social infrastructure. inclusive housing solutionswithadequate sanitation facilities, technical and ofyour citizens. Roma participation municipal councils inyour community, inorder to enhance political local population infinding ways forward. all decisionsconcerning theirsituation andengagethe needs of Roma children.needs ofRoma consider amore relaxed to meetthe timetableandadjustthe curriculum and teachers, suchaslunches andtransportation, provide basicservices education-related whendrafting sectors policies, train education mediators LET ROMA VOICES BE HEARD! ENGAGE THINK OUTSIDE THE BOX TACKLE OFFER PUT AN END Recommendations Romani children Romani asafe space andprevent childabuseandexploitation social exclusion by ensuring that every child has a birth registration socialexclusion childhasabirth by that ensuring every Roma citizens Roma individuallyandcollectively in to settlements! Provide unauthorised, unsafe andunsanitary whenitcomes to education! Involve various Establish inter-ethnic bodies and Roma bodiesandRoma Establishinter-ethnic Responses Page 117

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers AWARENESS FIGHTING ANTI-GYPSYISM ANDRAISING AND MARKET THE ECONOMY ENHANCING INTEGRATION INTO THE LABOUR IMPROVING ACCESS TO BASIC HEALTH SERVICES Human rights handbook Page ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ 118 the implementation ofprojects, suchascampaigns, discussionpanelsand interests, includingtraditions. for thatcreating Roma takeinto and account jobopportunities theirskills to theenhancement oflife ofthequality ofyour entire Consider community! prepare themfor future jobsandenablefuture employers to assesstheirskills. social exclusion. and vaccine coverage, asgoodhealthisafirststep to preventing and poverty training to your healthcare staff. populations needsoftheRoma andofferaccount specialized theparticular to schooling smoother. the access to education at possible stagewillrender theearliest thetransition for youngerrole-models schoolchildren. education orvocational training thusallowingasmotivation themto and act graduateseducation andprevent to andsupport pursuehigher drop-outs, DEVELOP EMPLOYMENT OFFER MAINSTREAM ENSURE IMPLEMENT MONITOR ENGAGE BREAK DOWN THE BARRIERS Roma a Roma “passport” life, to working by providing vocational training to that your localhealth care systems into provide by taking equity thechildren andtheirparents infinding ways forward. andimplement azero-tolerance strategy to anti-Gypsyism. and assess the progress of pupils, in order to improve the level of necessary actions to enableaccess actions to preschool necessary education, as your healthcare provide services, withmedicalchecks Roma for localandregional authorities is key to the financial stability of Roma and ofatthesametime iskeyto thefinancialstability caused by stereotypes and prejudices through ▬ ▬ marginalisation by demonstrating ourmutualhistory. dedicated to culture, Romani to combat segregation, stigmatisation and permanent exhibition inyour museumsorthrough openingacultural centre forlocal cultural curriculum, example through culture includingRoma ina citizens.Roma exhibitions to raise theawareness ofthepublicregarding thesituation ofyour PROMOTE the Roma history andculture andintegrate history theRoma itinto your permanent Recommendations Page 119

Roma and travellers Roma and travellers http://bit.ly/URLADDRESS onRoma: (FRA) Rights Publications UnionAgencyforFundamental oftheEuropean http://bit.ly/URLADDRESS States Member EU andselected (May 2017): andpromising Responses Combating inthe practices Anti-Gypsyism: Institutional Centre Policy Studies(CEPS) forEuropean http://bit.ly/URLADDRESS (MarchFinal 2014): Report Union intheEuropean Destitution onMobility,Study Migration and reading and further part VI¶ Human rights handbook Page 120 Reference texts for localandregional authorities Page 121

Roma and travellers

LGBTI

Page 123 LGBTI B L G T 2. female gendercategories allow. maleor more fluidthanthestrictly or peoplewhoviewtheirgender as assigned to theirbiological sex at birth; otherthantheonethat wasidentity identify themselves with a gender relations withbothsexes. men. women. each category: persons. Below isaspecific definitionof B term, aninitialismfor inclusive policies. LGBTI isanumbrella but alsoto developing effective LGBTI- using thisterm inyour publicdiscourse the firststep to notonlyappropriately whatKnowing exactly “LGBTI” part I¶ Human rights handbook Page isexual, Internationally, whenreferring toLGBTI issues, it isbecoming common tousethe termSOGIESC:“Sexual Orientation, GenderIdentity/Expression, andSex Characteristics” and affectionate relationships with esbian = women who form sexual 124 Gender, these are people who as ransgender =alsoknown Third attracted to andhaving sexual isexual = men and women affectionate relationships with ay =menwhoform sexual and Definitions T ransgender and LXII for localandregional authorities L esbian, 2 meansis I ntersex G ay, ay, I wide range ofconditions. may take different and forms cover a non-intersex people. orientations andgenderidentities as experience the same range of sexual intersex people or genderidentity: status isnotaboutsexual orientation male orfemale orasneither. Intersex life. An intersex personmay identify as orbecomeapparent solater in at birth or reproductive anatomy. This may be “male” or “female” categories for sexual correspond to thegiven standard of whichdonot genital characteristics the exact meaning the exact isthereforeIt crucial to understand homophobia identity of their exclusion andviolence of victims other citizens. LGBTI peopleare often andrightscomparedtheir dignity to denied equaltreatment of inrespect thing incommon –theyare often All these groups ofpeople have one chromosomal, levels hormonal or ntersex with =peopleborn sexual orientation . These are manifestations of and/or discrimination transphobia LXIII oftheterms Intersexuality Intersexuality , ongrounds or , gender social social . people ingeneral. hatred andaversion towards LGBTI encompassing way to refer to fear, usedinanall- homophobia isoften towards transgender people. The term is thesame or bisexual peopleand hatred or aversion towards lesbian, gay homophobia the definitionsprovided by theUN mannerisms expression”) suchasdress, speechand expressions ofgender(that is, “gender personal senseofthebodyandother andincludesthe assigned at birth, or may notcorrespond withthesex experience ofgender, whichmay to aperson’s deeplyfelt individual (bisexual). lesbian, gay) ormore than onegender or the same gender (homosexual, of a different gender (heterosexual) and sexual relations with,individuals to,sexual attraction andintimate profound emotional, affectionaland ofeachindividualforcapacity Sexual orientation counteract it. discrimination andeffectively to beableto establishrelated clearly and/or transphobia”“homophobia “sexual orientation”, “gender identity”, LXIV Gender identity Gender –hate, fear oraversion isanirrational fear of, . Finally, according to refers to the transphobia refers LXV , of membersyour LGBTI community! exclusion andhumanrights violations attitudes that causestigmatisation, change, however, are negative social rights violations. What canandmust can betraumatic andleadto human to change someone’s sexual orientation changed! be identity cannot sexual orientation and/orgender Always in mind that bear a person’s • • • exposed to : LGBTI peopleare often phobic behaviour that examples ofhomo Some bia_def.asp positivespace/manual/homopho also:https://www2.viu.ca/ See practice practice sexual orientation orsexual insults, jokesorthreats about comments, derogatory Making paedophilia with homosexuality Linking sexual violence sical violence, including “Gay bashing” andphy - - Attempts Definitions - Page 125

LGBTI LGBTI Human rights handbook Page LGBTI. It’s unnatural to be NEWS  a personalchoice. orientationSexual is NEWS  126 have children iscomplex andneedsgreat consideration. Although many for theprocreation ofchildren only. allrelationships In thedecisionto myth alsocomes from thebeliefthat sexual relationships are formed the relationship that issignificant, notthegenderofone’s partner. This to hidewho they are of and causingthemgreat isthequality pain. It natural. onthesefeelings Notto would act beunnatural, forcing people and othersconsider themselves heterosexual. To onthesefeelings act is transgenderedSome peopleconsider themselves homosexual orbisexual behaviour islargely shapedby geneticsandrandom environmental published in The Archives Behavior ofSexual concluded that “homosexual “choice”. A2008Swedish (theworld’s studyoftwins largest studyoftwins) is theresult ofbothbiological andenvironmental forces, notapersonal what causessexual orientation, butagreat many studiessuggestthat it their adolescent oradultyears. science cannot state Modern conclusively in afamilyisbeingloved andcared for. children thing raised in these families emphasise that the most important people chooseto have children orraise children withtheirpartner. Many decision orare unable to have children. Ontheotherhand, many LGBTI heterosexuals decide to have children, many do not make the same FAKE FAKE

for localandregional authorities attracted to membersoftheopposite gender. one’s own gender. Bisexuals canalsobe andrelationsattractions withmembersof For LGBTI people, itisnatural to have sexual  else thesefeelings evolved andsolidifiedin feelings at age or of having an early same-sex choose to beLGBTI. Rather, theywere aware LGBTIMost peoplefeel that theydidnot  FACT FACT LXVI make goodparents. LGBTI peopledonot NEWS  are raised by LGBTI parents orby heterosexual parents, namely7to 10%. children. The chances ofachildbeingLGBTI are thesamewhetherthey no correlation between thesexual orientation ofparents andthat oftheir offamilies,people come from asdoheterosexuals, allkinds andthere is Furthermore, theyare notconfused abouttheirown sexual identity. LGBTI of emotionaldisturbance thanchildren ofheterosexual couples. and respect regardlessand respect oftheirsexual orientation. butthat people arenot thecausethat treated isimportant, withdignity partner,balanced life withasame-sex orto suppress theirfeelings. is It factors”. The choice ofpeopleseemsto bewhetherto live afullandwell- FAKE

their peers, theyshow nohigher incidence concernedoften about being stigmatised by that thechildren ofahomosexual couple are Research hasshown that, except for thefact  FACT Definitions Page 127

LGBTI LGBTI referred to intheEuropean Convention on sexual is orientation/gender identity based ofnon-discrimination principle Child. the Convention ofthe ontheRights of Discrimination against Women or Convention on Elimination of All Forms specialist UNconventions, suchasthe Cultural Rights, Covenant onEconomic, and Social and Political Rights, the International the InternationalCovenant onCivil Universal Declaration of Human Rights, rights law. They are inthe enshrined elements ofinternational human discrimination are fundamental andnon- The ofequality principles else! as everyone arecommunity treated inthesameway sure that LGBTI individuals in your violations ofLGBTI-rights andmake againstdiscriminationand take action of localandregional authorities, should discrimination. You, as a representative as therightto equality, andnon- dignity enjoying theirbasichumanrights, such face often difficultiesin community People belonging to an LGBTI rights? part II¶ Human rights handbook Page 128 LXVIII At theEuropean level, the What are their LXVII aswell asmore for localandregional authorities social security, health care, education, including therightsto safety, housing, other resident of your community the samerights andfreedoms asany Europe and otherorgans oftheCouncil of Commissioner for HumanRights of theCommittee ofMinisters, the Human Rights, therecommendations the caselaw oftheEuropean of Court against women anddomesticviolence, preventing andcombating violence on Human Rights, the Convention on any kind everyone else, of without distinction applies to LGBTI to as it does people International human rights law LXIX DIGNITY ANDRIGHTS.”DIGNITY BORN FREEANDEQUAL IN “ALL HUMANBEINGSARE . In short, LGBTI short, . In people . Declaration ofHuman Article 1,Universal Article Rights have , and indispensable part of society; they ofsociety; and indispensablepart indivisible. LGBTI peopleare anintegral that humanrightsare universal and including LGBTI people. Remember denial ofhumanrights to any group, attitude orstereotypes to justifythe cultural or religious beliefs, social their rights. notallow Do traditional, on you to guarantee andprotect or municipality, LGBTI peopledepend sex marriages. As residents ofyour city rights are limited to theissueofsame- is acommon misconception that LGBTI andpublicaccommodation. It privacy live for everyone! inclusiveopen, anddiverse place to make your community asafer, more This willgive to you anopportunity implementing inclusive LGBTI policies. dare to politicalstance takeafirm by as positive forms ofdiversity and sexual orientation andsexual identity general public. Treat differences in of allyour policiesaddressed to the live inyour citiesandare thetarget What are theirrights Page 129

LGBTI LGBTI on grounds ofsexual orientation and people continue to face discrimination Council of Europe member States, LGBTI recognition by of same sex marriage 14 developments, for instance the and speakout. Despite many positive people are less likely to seek justice LGBTI rights, stilltoday many LGBTI organisations andunionsdefending dynamic development of civil society be asinvisible aspossible. Despite the stereotypes was to live and in secrecy and ill-treated basedongender to feel safe andavoid beingjudged The onlyway for many LGBTI people the 21 offencecriminal until thebeginning of countries was still a homosexuality someEuropeansexual orientation. In grounds and oftheirgenderidentity discrimination andviolence on faced many centuries ofintolerance, gender people. LGBTI people have familiar withtransgender andthird all cultures are across humanhistory love date backto ancient times. Almost The first recorded instances of same-sex practice part III¶ Human rights handbook Page 130 st century. Challenges in for localandregional authorities varying religious and moralvarying beliefs, it political orlegislative context, and onyourDepending country’s historical, orientation andgenderidentity. and violence basedonsexual transphobic expressions, harassment saying afirm “no” to homophobicand up to you to setagoodexample by you are well placed to reach out to representative, elected As a local and legalrecognition. example) anddenialoffamilyrights against children (bullyinginschool, for housing, to domesticviolence, abuses in access to health,employment and continue to discrimination to fallvictim in relation to LGBTI people. They public spaces notaccepted isoften fornormal heterosexual couples in public. The behaviour regarded as negative attitudes in and rejection gender identity. They suffer from and genderidentity to thediversity ofsexual orientation withrespect humandignity protect attitudes that andpolicies will the general publicand to advocate . It is first of all . It local policies. and sexual orientation; and consulting withthe LGBTI whendrafting community ofdiscriminationbasedongenderidentity them to dealwithhate andacts crimes promoting legislative anti-discriminative changes;training police forces to prepare oraggressivediscriminatory attitudes towards LGBTI and individuals;enacting include: establishinganenforceable for code ofconduct employees that prohibits communities. Justsomeoftheexamples ofsuccessful localandregional initiatives thatauthorities have stance taken anactive towards inclusionoftheirLGBTI You will find below from ofbest practices a thoselocaland collection regional by stereotypical ofLGBTI portrayals individuals. roles andbehaviours andto changepeople’s problematic attitude solongnurtured may bemore orlessdifficult tochallenge traditional conceptions aboutgender inclusion and respect for diversity.inclusion andrespect repression onthevalues ofjustice, andbuildingasociety equality, incidents ofviolence, changingoldmentalities ofhate and community, since you contribute to preventing You alsoimprove thesituation ofyour entire individuals inthelife ofyour and/ormunicipality. city andfacilitateyou theinclusionofLGBTI support You group notonlyhelpaspecific people when of Don’t forget! Challenges inpractice Page 131

LGBTI LGBTI In orderIn to receive to the plaque,check the inclusiveness of an audit is performed sexual orientation and gender identity, which is symbolised by a plaqueon the wall. “Pink theinclusiveness marks Passkey”) ofthecare to institutionswithrespect Council City followedNijmegen anofficialpink (the trademark thismethodology: friendly institutionsfor elderly people. and many other countries, people. Ever since, many other municipalities, Spain, Scandinavia in the UK, careat homesandinstitutionsmore making inclusive for elderly LGBTI CouncilCity Nijmegen in the Netherlands committed aimed itself to a project Acceptance, equaltreatment andhumanrights have 2008, noagelimit!In  NETHERLANDS – The“PinkPasskey” initiative,Nijmegen,THE Making elderly people’shomes moreLGBTI-friendly LGBTI to community employment andhousing. more LGBTI-social rightsandservices andto friendly facilitate theaccess ofthe as training, strategy development, guidance andcounselling schemesto make part IV¶ Human rights handbook Page the institution for LGBTI residents and their families, as well as for LGBTI relatives Population : 132 Responses Responses examples of local authorities thatexamples oflocalauthorities have introduced initiatives, such this context,education. In the following demonstrate practices orientation intheareas ofemployment, housing, healthcare and Europe are stilldiscriminated againstonthegrounds oftheirsexual Despite progress in many areas over the last few decades, people in healthcare andhousing) (includingemployment,services Access to rights social and 154 715 for localandregional authorities LXX have followed the example and created LGBTI- of healthservices. language, disclosure, awareness andtheeffectofheteronormativity onprovision approach, practical asconcrete to tried adoptavery the project matters suchas population inahumorous way, andknowledge. Also, replacing themwithfacts factors. For instance, theinitiative explored myths andprejudices abouttheLGBTI gender identity. specialist staffare trained to deal withissues relating to sexual orientation and ofOslo,Directorate thecity ofHealth.In withintheyouth centre, health-care midwives, for oflocal governments example, andtheNorwegian withsupport Training courses are offered at thelocallevel to doctors, nurses, psychologists and to treat theLGBTI population inanempathic way. working. The managedto increase project healthcare providers’ competency competencies to andtoolsadaptto necessary amore LGBTI-inclusive way of LLH (now asFRI),provides known professionals health-care withthe the Norwegian Directorate for Health andtheNorwegian LGBTI organisation The Norwegian Pink Competency project, anational collaboration between  Pink competencyproject,Oslo andothers,NORWAY some even initiated by localauthorities. Pink Passkey amounted to by 110throughout and theNetherlands, allsupported 2016,thenumberofcare facilitiesthat haveissues. January beenawarded In the care facilities for LGBTI persons with disabilities, chronic illnesses and mental health successful, withthescope beingwidened over theyears from care elderly to (home) of residents. Since 2008whenitwas initiated, hasproven thisproject to bevery Population : 634 293 LXXII The hasbeenagreat project success asaresult ofvarious Oslo Visiting address: Universitetsgata 2,0164 Oslo, Norway Aldenhof 31-96 6537 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands Nijmegen, Aldenhof 31-966537AJ, Postal address: Pb. 7000,St. Olavs plass, 0130 Telephone 81020050 from withinNorway: Telephone from abroad: (+47)2416 3000 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.rozezorg.nl/organisaties  Norwegian Directorate for Health E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Telephone: +3124-3275275  Contact Responses Page LXXI 133

LGBTI LGBTI ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ strategy to callsuponthelocalauthorities applyconcrete solutions, suchas: policy reviewed always inconsultation withtheLGBTI community. Further, thehousing harassment importantly, are anddiscrimination.Most plannedand theservices and well-being oftheLGBTI community, contribute to itssafety andprevent The goalsofthisstrategy include housingsolutionsthat promote thehealth facilitate access to housingfor LGBTI thelocal community. LGBTI by people ensuringthat implements to ofpolicies thecity anumber providers, community groups andresidents. The strategy explicitly includes housing strategy through extensive consultation withcommissioners, service ofBrighton 2015,thecity In andHove developed (UK) anew citywide  Housing strategy, BrightonandHove, UK Human rights handbook Page ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ Population : 134 Assessment. and considering therecommendations oftheforthcoming Trans Needs continuing to implement Trans Scrutiny Panel Recommendations for Housing examining theprovision ofLGBTI-specific inthecity; services housingsupport frontline housingservices; inLGBTIusing theskills groups community to deliver improvements to a plannedway; where LGBTI to move people are looking to Brighton to ensure thisisdonein localLGBTIsupporting withLGBTI agenciesworking agenciesinotherareas accessible for theLGBTI communities; withshelteredworking housingproviders to are ensure that services networks; people inrelation andsupport to localservices investigating of thepotential impacts “out-of-area” placements for LGBTI Bartholomew Square, Brighton, Postcode:Bartholomew BN11JE, United Kingdom 273 400  for localandregional authorities FRI -foreningen for seksualitetsmangfold kjønns-og  Brighton andHove Council/Housing City strategy E-mail: [email protected] Adress: Tollbugata 24,0157Oslo Telephone: (+44) 1273293055 E-mail: [email protected] Telephone: (+47)231039 LXXIII

plans were designed to fund a grant to transgender persons for their retraining operate plans. bytwoBoth action including transgender in action beneficiaries for employment-related of andaskedthecity actions Turin LGBTI officeco- to The Piedmont Regional approved Authority aprovincial operational programme groups andtheirreintegration to work. setupfor inprojects training/retrainingpersons ofdisadvantaged social Province of Turin of andthecity Turin enabledthe inclusionof44transgender between in2013,co-operation thePiedmont Italy In RegionalAuthority, the  Action plansforlabourintegration, Turin, ITALY the labourmarket. has published a book about the rights and experiences of transgender people in ofEmployment,transgender organisation, Department together withtheMadrid charge offollowing application to theprogramme. every addition,thenational In in Madrid. Furthermore, is in administration, within a civil the Madrid servant public, andemployers inparticular, aboutthesituation oftransgender people At thesametime theprogramme aimsto raise theawareness ofthegeneral aswellin thelabourmarket, aspsychological guidance, counselling andtraining. rights withspecificemphasisontheirastransgenderother legalaspects, people This programme includes the provision of information onworkers’ rightsand Affairs. ofSocial of theMinistry transsexual through people thehelpofGeneral Directorate ofImmigration market. This programme continues today, immigrant alsobenefiting programme to promote theinclusionoftransgender inthelabour people Fund,Social granted AET-Transexualia financialassistance to implement a ofFamilyDepartment Affairs andSocial andwiththehelpof European From 2009until 2012,theCommunity October ofMadrid, through the  market, Madrid,SPAIN Agreement topromoteintegration intothelabour Population : Population : 899 455 3.1 million c/ Bravo Murillo, 4.Bajos, 28015.Madrid, Spain LXXIV LXXIV E-mail: [email protected]  AET – Transexualia AET Responses Page 135

LGBTI LGBTI the advances that have beenmadeacross 49 countries interms oflaw andpolicy. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association), a yearly which charts project Review”of ILGA-Europe (European Regionof theInternational received firstplace intheMap, “Rainbow Index and Annual who offer practices. theseharmful For this Malta reason, introducingidentity), sentences finesandprison for those to changeaperson’spurport sexual orientation orgender as known “conversion therapy” (therapeutic methodsthat in Europe became the first 2016, Malta country to outlawIn what is recognition ofLGBTI-rights onanational level. in legislation successful that are firststeps very to advocate infavour ofthelegal set andestablishthoserights. highlights examplesThis of localchanges section equalrightsforEnsuring your LGBTI withcorresponding laws citizens starts that recruiting potential transgender candidates for plans. thetwo action a local company. of The city Turin LGBTI the office supported Province of in Turin grantees to finish their reintegration into work by meansof an apprenticeship at companies’ expectations. The planaimedat enablingtransgender second action immediately reintegrate matched the allthosetransgender individuals whose skills and reintegration into localcompanies. plan was designedThe firstaction to Human rights handbook Page therapy” therapy” to ban Malta: first European country “conversion Focus 136 regional legislation Developments and inlocal for localandregional authorities Telephone: 800300360 (free withinItaly) Ufficio relazioni conilpubblico E-mail: [email protected]  Province of TurinProvince responsibility orfiscalbenefits, for example). and benefitsthat national legislation grants only couples (parentalto married to rights civilpartners Nordotheyentitle heterosexualservices. orsame-sex documents only, theycannotbeusedto obtainaccess to nationally provided of the city Turin. However, are certificates localofficial becausethesepartnership couples andhealthcare to withrespect accessing provided municipalservices by Office.partners toenjoy rightsmarried the same as enablescivil The certificate from thecity’sask for ofcivilpartnership andobtainacertificate GeneralRegister CouncilCity in2010.As aresult, cohabitating couples heterosexual can orsame-sex andthiswas approved ofcivilpartnerships, include acknowledgement by the Turin bonds”. soasto Anewmunicipalregulation was draftedonthebasisofthisarticle andtiedby marriage,the samecity kinship, adoption,legalprotection oraffective a family, for registration purposes, as “a set of people living in the same house of 4ofDecree ofthePresidentto Article n.223/1989,whichdefines oftheRepublic When decidingto amendthemunicipalregulations, Turin Council City referred of national provisions inthisregard. are officiallyacknowledged administration, bythecity inspite oftheabsence of city theItalian In Turin, between citizens ofthesamesex civilpartnerships  Civil partnershipsofficially acknowledged, Turin, ITALY www.ilga-europe.org/sites/default/files/Attachments/annual_review_2017_ Population : www.ilga-europe.org/resources/rainbow-europe/rainbow-europe-2017 ; https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/07/world/europe/malta-outlaws- 899 455 conversion-therapy-transgender-rights.html LXXV E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Telephone: (+39)1101125380 

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LGBTI LGBTI Europe members amongtheCouncilworldwide of andthe14thcountry abstentions. Germany has thus become the 23rd country passedbyadopt children. 393 votes It to 226,with four andjointly couples to marry and willallow same-sex couples inGermany thesamerightsasheterosexual ones, marriages. same-sex The billthat was passedgives homosexual lawmakers voted ofGerman Germany on30June2017,themajority toIn legalise council.city andanLGBTI intheŞişlidistrict, department district’s council withintheKadıköy to theestablishment of anLGBTI-inclusive centre health-services andanequality promising, asmayor, ifelected to pursueLGBTI-friendly policies. Ultimately, thisled many mayoral candidates for signature. ofthecandidates Forty signed it, thereby intoturned an “LGBTI-friendly protocol”, municipality whichwas proposed to with theendorsement of14 Turkish LGBTI organisations. The document was document ofLGBTIs“Demands from localgovernments”, whichwas published from 10different citiesin Turkey. Oneoftheoutcomes ofthe was thedrafting Local Government ofLGBTI Politics in2013,withtheparticipation School activists that makeupthecity. SPOD(anIstanbul-basedLGBTI organisation) organised the Local provide elections achance to changethingswithin acity, andinthedistricts services, have ofIstanbul.health-care establishedindistricts been outcome oftheinitiative, LGBTI-friendly institutions, suchascouncils and by themayor and advocated more LGBTI-inclusive in policies Turkey. As an SPOD, established an LGBTI-friendly protocol, municipality which was signed LGBTI 2013,local In organisations inIstanbul coordinated by theorganisation  Local Government PoliticsSchool,Istanbul,TURKEY Human rights handbook Page Germany legalises same-sex marriage Germany marriage legalises same-sex Focus Population : 138 14.8 million LXXVII for localandregional authorities to marriages. recognise same-sex  Association of Social Policies,Association ofSocial Identity Gender and Sexual Orientation Studies (SPOD) Telephone: (+90)2122924802 E-mail: [email protected] Twitter.com/spodlgbt LXXVI

best practice forbest practice localpractitioners. with50people whoidentified as on interviews LGBTI anditprovides guidance on intheLeicesterhate reporting crime andLeicestershire area. was based The report onLGBTIpublished anextensive report people’s of experiences andexpectations required, aswell asrecommended 2015theEHRC In actions. andinclude steps that duty are oftheequality legally an overview sexual orientation andgenderidentity. The guidesprovide in Scotland and functions Wales), explicitly including inEngland(andbodieswithnon-devolved authorities publishesguidesforCommission public (EHRC) andHumanRights theEquality theUnited Kingdom, In against LGBTI individuals. their sexual preference, allforms ofdiscrimination to achieve andtackle equality processes,making in order to put an end to LGBTI communities being defined by of diversity withinsociety. Authorities have to mainstream LGBTI rightsinpolicy- theirrightsandto facilitateknow abroad debate onthebenefitsandchallenges LGBTI peopleandissues. Moreover, itisthe only way to ensure that LGBTI citizens areEducation andknowledge crucial, inorder to change thepublic’s perception of UNITED KINGDOM KINGDOM UNITED Guides by Commission, Rights theEquality Human and Focus www.equalityhumanrights.com/publication/lgbt-hate-crime-reporting- policy-making processes policy-making andmainstreamingvisibility in Awareness-raising, education, http://www.bundestag.de/dokumente/textarchiv/2016/kw07-de- www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/advice-and-guidance https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/30/world/europe/ gleichgeschlechtliche-ehe/405868 identifying-barriers-and-solutions germany-gay-marriage.html  

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LGBTI LGBTI resources policy with a view to diversity and supports itsown LGBTIresources withaviewto diversity and supports policy employees. on this. Finally, setsagoodexample asitexercises thecity aninclusive human adolescents andpeople withanintersex based condition andmakesnewpolicy condition. research conducts The municipality into theneedsofhomelessLGBTI bicultural LGBTIs, LGBTI refugees, LGBTI elderly peopleandwithanintersex to groups that itprovidesfact that support are extra notyet (well) organised, like acceptance ofLGBTIs. andassertiveness What makesthisagendaoutstandingisthe Further, that increase activities theknowledge, social supports themunicipality clubsreceiveinstitutions andsports training sothat LGBTIs feel safe andaccepted. are accommodated by corresponding policies. Professionals inschools, care community, where theinterests ofLGBTI peopleare represented andtheirneeds With the “pink agenda” Amsterdam offers asafe socialenvironment for the LGBTI people. formulatedbeen to increase thesafety, andacceptance visibility ofLGBTI economy; andculture andInformation. alltheseareas, In have objectives youth, diversity, care andwelfare, healthandassistance, work sport, andthe implemented.being Amsterdam in nine areas: takes safety, action education, implementedhas been since 1980.Currently the “pink agenda” 2015-2018is ontheemancipation ofAmsterdam, thecity of In policy aspecific LGBTIpeople  NETHERLANDS Pink agenda2015-2018,Amsterdam,THE Human rights handbook Page Population : 140 821 752 for localandregional authorities LXXVIII PO Box Amsterdam, 1840,1000BV Netherlands Website: www.amsterdam.nl/diversiteit  E-mail: [email protected] City ofAmsterdam/DiversiteitCity ▬ ▬ ▬ is now being drawn upfor 2016-2021. The goalsofthisplanare to: the LGBTI Community whichappliesto thewholemunicipalstructure. Anewplan LGBTI community. Later council Plan launchedthe2010-2015Municipal for thecity CouncilMunicipal was policiesindefence setupin2004to co-ordinate ofthe set upin1995andtheOffice forNon-Discrimination followed in1998. The LGBTI the defence of civil rights in the city. The Councillor’s Rights Office for was Civil Barcelona Council for City commitment haslong beenknown itspioneering to andadministration. making ofmunicipalpolicy included inallaspects LGBTI community, raise awareness andensure that anLGBTI is perspective Plan, whichaimsatoftheauthoritiesregarding streamlining allactions the to LGBTI inclusionsince 1995. The latest isthe2016-2021Municipal project The Council City ofBarcelona continuously hasbeen showing itscommitment  LGBTI MunicipalPlan–Barcelona City Council,SPAIN local, regional andfederal authorities. took place from 1to 4May inCologne, from withsupport (biannual) International Conference for Families Rainbow took place in 67 cities in 32 countries. 2014, the third In celebrations andoutdoor events such as picnics, sports annually onthefirstSundayMayIn 2015, in since 2011. The International Family Day Equality hasbeencelebrated International Family Equality Day Focus ▬ ▬ ▬ Population : organise thelocal authority’s and co-ordinate in relation actions to theLGBTI LGBTI publicpolicies. encourage LGBTI organisations to get involved in designing and implementing permeate withan LGBTI thewholemunicipalstructure perspective; community; http://internationalfamilyequalityday.org/wordpress/annual-report-2015/ http://nelfa.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/140430_NELFA_PRESS_ 1.6 million www.internationalfamilyequalityday.org  RELEASE_COLOGNE.pdf

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LGBTI LGBTI (more information below). offer similarservices. Cologne ismemberofthe RainbowEuropean Cities Network other municipaldepartments. forThe andBerlin, example, citiesofZurich, Madrid office isalso responsible ofco-ordination forthe LGBTI (inclusive) policiesacross all isregularly fromorganised. NRW withotherLSTservices WestphaliaThe (NRW) of Health, Emancipation, Care and Age Rhine- ofthe Statein the Ministry ofNorth all over Germany whodealwithlesbian, gay andtransgender issues. Around table administration. Thefrom LSToffice withothermunicipalservices is in good contact its work. The decisionsoftheLSTare takeninthespecialistoffice inthemunicipal is represented intheStadtAG LST, group working for acity lesbians, andsupports are diverse anddifferent closely. ofthe co-operate community actors The centre office to combat discrimination wasestablishedin2010. Thetasksoftheoffice orderIn to render Cologne adiverse andtolerant metropolis, German theLST individual support. provides information onLGBTI andLGBTI-friendly organisations andoffers and transgender citizens development, (LSToffice), policy whichdealswith The ofCologne for city German lesbian,gay hasamunicipaldepartment  transgender citizens,Cologne,GERMANY Municipal departmentforlesbian,gay and Council.Municipal a team of two professionals theLGBTI co-ordinate Plan Municipal andtheLGBTI managed by theCouncillor’s Office for Cycle ofLife, Feminismand LGBTI, where whetherwelfareservices, orsocialassistance, through specifictraining.It is initiativeThe planisacross-cutting andappliestheLGBTI to perspective all Human rights handbook Page Population : 142 1 million Departament deFeminismesDepartament iLGTBI-Àrea Drets deCiutadania for localandregional authorities  E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Participació iTransparència Ajuntament deBarcelona Meritxell ISellarès Sáez Andreu Agustín Andres E-mail: [email protected] equality of opportunity for allandto foster ofopportunity goodrelationsequality across thecommunity. eliminate discrimination,harassment inallitsforms, andvictimisation to advance With theplan,council aimedto develop asamajoremployer, bestpractice to plan, whichran from 2013to 2017,covered allgrounds for discrimination. on mainstreaming equalitiessoasto ondiversity. adoptaclearposition The LanarkshireSouth Council in Scotland issued a municipal plan and report  Lanarkshire, SCOTLAND, UK Plan andreportonmainstreaming equalities, officials raisedthe rainbow flagasasymbolofsolidarity. with famous drag andinIceland queensandactivists, several localgovernment Manchester,Netherlands. In publicofficials were present atatheatrical event along (Spain), (Switzerland)Geneva Malaga and in over 50 cities in the cities, and Madrid various Italian numerous cities intheUK, example, Budva Belgrade (Montenegro), (Serbia), Berlin, halls. 2014and2015sucheventscity In were heldin,for (p)rides, and the official raisingofthe rainbow flag at IDAHOT celebrations, including flash mobs, plays, bike Several publicevents are organised on17May, oftheannual aspart Biphobia and TransphobiaBiphobia and (IDAHOT) 17 May-International Against Day Homophobia, Focus Population : See also: Annual Report InternationalDay Against Homophobiaand also:Annual Report See 316 230  Stadt Köln-Diversity/Lesben, Schwule und Transgender Telephone: (+49)221221-21087or/221-29661 Postfach 103564,50475Köln,Germany Transphobia (2014),IDAHO Committee LXXIX http://dayagainsthomophobia.org Kleine Sandkaul 5,50667Köln Sandkaul Kleine E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +49221 /221-29166 

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LGBTI LGBTI your initiatives! citiescanimplement suchvisibility well aspetitions, canrecommend suitablenamesofLGBTI rights’ defenders, sothat Nominations from the local LGBTI to community the designated commissions, as which thefoundations for theLGBTI movement inZurich were laid. three panelsremember by atimethat characterised wasrepression often butin three information panelsaboutZurich’s LGBTI inthe city’s history Old Town. The World War, andafighter for gayrights. Engelschman, whowas aDutch theSecond memberoftheResistance during Amsterdam toIn the next the bridge “HomoMonument” Niek is named after public’s opinionoftheLGBTI community. pioneers ofLGBTI rights, inorder to educate thepopulation andenhance the initiatives suchasmonuments andnamingofstreets andpublicplaces after oftheLGBTIvisibility community, Amsterdam andZurich have setforth Taking advantage ofthepower ofcitiesto contribute inpractice to the  in publicspaces,AmsterdamandZurich Contribution tothevisibilityofLGBTI community on sexual orientation. throughout Specifically, the report. the council aims to eliminate inequalities based are orientation Sexual andgenderidentity explicitlymunicipal services. mentioned to ensureto that work theneedsofallcitizens withpartners are metwhenusing The plansetoutthecouncil’s ofequality, legaldutiesinrespect andhow itplans Human rights handbook Page Population ofAmsterdam : 144 for localandregional authorities Almada Street, Hamilton, ML30AA,United Kingdom E-mail: [email protected] 821 752  Website: http://www.homomonument.nl/ South LanarkshireSouth Council-Headquarters , Zurich : LXXX In 2015,theMayor In ofZurich unveiled E-mail:[email protected] 1001 RNAmsterdam, Netherlands 391 359  Telephone: (+44)3031231015 Stichting Homomonument Postbus 16458 LXXXI or delivering akeynote at speech theevent. the proposals for hosting an international event, hosting a welcome reception positive theorganising example committee, by supporting contributing to LGBTI in cities like equality and Antwerp. Riga Local governments seta can to examples be commitment of local to theinternational for cause promoting LGBTI event. EuroPride, Eurogames andthebiannualOutgames have proven LGBTIthe protection community rights by be can hosting an international Another way that andregional local governments show can commitment to activities. TDoR cities, localgovernmentand Italian officials were also involved inor represented at German council. andinvarious UK, Copenhagen,of membersthecity In Helsinki commemorative event took place at theBrandenburg Gate, withtheparticipation developed, andstandswere alivinglibrary setupfor thegeneral publicanda for trans people. Acampaign anda “trans map” were ofBerlin whichhaveof thespaces inBerlin symbolicsignificance countries developed acreative campaign to some mark from 13European andartists transgender activists of the local government, with the support Berlin, of Remembrance, whichisheldon20November. In in eventsPublic on also take part authorities Transgender Day 20 November–Transgender ofRemembrance Day Focus http://tdor.info/2015/10/06/tdor-events-and-locations-2015/ http://tgeu.org/tag/transgender-day-of-remembrance/  Stadt Zürich Fachstelle fürGleichstellung http://europride2015.tumblr.com/ www.worldoutgames2013.be/ Telephone: (+41)444124868   Stadthaus, 8001Zürich

Postfach, 8022Zürich Further information Further information Shelley Berlowitz Stadthausquai 17 Responses Page

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LGBTI LGBTI government association. councils, three sixmunicipaldistricts, provincial bodiesandonelocal equality in2016:nineregional across Italy authorities, 11provinces,102 partners 72city andexperiences.practices The hassince network expanded, upto numbering thematic days, events ofnational andsharing European approaches, good The means of achieving those goals are nationwide social-awareness campaigns, ▬ ▬ ▬ The asfollows: canbesummarised goalsofthenetwork withmanyidentity inco-operation authorities. local issuesregardingwith anti-discrimination sexual orientation andgender Network ofPublic Anti-Discrimination Administrations. The network deals 2006,Romeand In Turin councils city launchedRE.A.DY, thefirstNational RE.A.DY network,ITALY inspiration for your area. managed to improve thesituation for many asasource citizens andcanserve of of biggercitiesto smallerones. The following have examples ofco-operation of experiences andapproaches, ofbudgetandfinancialsupport orthe sharing guarantee therightsofLGBTI exchange, through community policy thesharing fruitfulfor streamliningbe very andpromoting LGBTI-inclusive can policies. It Human rights handbook Page ▬ ▬ ▬ 146 acts andregulations.acts promote andrecognise theprotection ofLGBTI rightsthrough administrative publicadministrations intherealisation that aimto ofactivities supporting administrations engagedinthepromotion oftherights ofLGBTI people; spreading by throughout good practices informing thecountry public authorities; gay, bisexual, transsexual andtransgender people developed by local identifying, socialinclusionpoliciesfor comparing anddistributing lesbian, Co-operation between national,Co-operation regional can andlocalauthorities Co-operation between authorities for localandregional authorities LXXXIII LXXXII Via d’Appello, Corte 16, Torino, Italy  E-mail: [email protected] Segreteria nazionaleRE.A.DY Telephone: (+39) 1101124040 Fax: (+39)1101124039 materials. Until theaccession Cities in2015,Rainbow ofMexico City good practices, seekcollaboration andshare inprojects campaign Cities exchange theRainbow in thisinformal network, represented Joined together Cities in Network. the Rainbow implement policiesandstrategies for LGBTI people. They are Internationally, 21citieswork together to develop and step for important is afirst very LGBTIMontenegro. inclusionin education, media,economy legislation, sports, andlaw enforcement. The initiative inallareas between authorities life: ofcommunity healthcare,co-operation LGBTI peopleinMontenegro. planproposedThe inthestrategy action includes social acceptance ofLGBTI peopleandimprove oflife conditions andquality for identity, reduce homophobiaandtransphobia insociety, continuously promote any discrimination onthebasisofsexual orindirect orientation direct orgender of localauthorities. The ofthisstrategy andobjectives purpose are to eliminate design and execute training programmes for, amongotherthings, representatives status andsafety, protect theirrightsandachieve greater visibility. isintended to It is sent to the LGBTI andall LGBTI community people, to improve in an effort their formobilisation of all social actors greater unity. A strong message of togetherness to resolutely combat practice, allforms ofdiscrimination.In itsadoptionmeansthe This strategy was created as a systemic response of the Government of Montenegro andinvolveand support LGBTI NGOs. order to increase acceptance, social implement non- discrimination measures in and nameslocal untilregional authoritiesaspartners, 2018 andspecifically to improve oflife thequality ofLGBTI persons. The strategy runs from 2013 Europe, thenational government ofMontenegro drew upanational strategy viewIn oftheproblematic situation oftheLGBTI community in Eastern LGBTI persons,MONTENEGRO National strategy onimproving thequalityoflife was aEuropean Since then,othernon-European network. citieshave Rainbow Cities Network Rainbow CitiesNetwork Network Rimski trg br.Rimski 46,81000Podgorica, Montenegro Ministry for Human and Minority Rights for HumanandMinority Ministry LXXXIV  Government ofMontenegro E-mail: [email protected] LXXXV Responses Page 147

LGBTI LGBTI a nationwide tour ofthecountry’s majorcities anditisbelieved that the tour was Catholic group Hazte Oir (Make Yourself Heard), the bus was scheduled to go on with ananti-transgender messageoffthestreetsMadrid. of Commissioned by Recently, Council forced of the City the authorities of Madrid a bus emblazoned sexual orientation. basedonthevictim’s ofcrimes with hate andallkinds crimes or genderidentity Barcelona attorney’sthere is a specific district office which specialises in dealing based ontheirsexual orientation andgenderidentity. and both Madrid In harassment, physical stalking, andverbal violence of discrimination orany kind The helpline “SOS Homophobia” is directed at LGBTI people who suffer from incidents.crimes anddiscriminatory inclusion of the transgender community in dealing with hateand specialises NGOCONGAM. withthelocal conjunction Madrid Town a programme STOP called Hall supports Homo-Transfobia, in  Programme “STOP Homo-Transfobia”, Madrid,SPAIN competences oflaw-enforcement bodies. the restoration oftrusttheLGBTI towards community andthe theauthorities such solutionsandprove that theycanleadto asafer asawhole, community ofhomophobiaortransphobia. and acts The following examples demonstrate police officers etc. –specifically trained todealwith LGBTI related crimes hate solution to this on a local level is having individuals – public workers, psychologists, incidents ofhate crime, asanexpression ofhomophobiaandtransphobia. The or theintention to develop one, canbecome amemberofthisinformal network. Pagers”, whichare publishedonline. Any orregion city LGBTI withanactive policy, list. Furthermore, theirpolicies andapproaches theysummarise eachyear in “One Cities meetannuallyandremainin theRainbow viaaclosedmailing incontact expressed interest inbecoming amember. Policy makersdealingwithLGBTI issues Human rights handbook Page Spain which promotedlaunched as a response to inclusion posters in Northern Population : 148 One ofthemainissuesLGBTI istherecurring community andsecurity Safety 3.1 million for localandregional authorities LXXXVI The programme promotes the  www.rainbowcities.com

Further information gained expertise onhomophobicandtransphobic incidents gained expertise homophobic hate crimes. Regional police forces who work on hate thus crimes officially openedthediscussion. ofGLAS’s The event waspart campaign against the police andtheLGBTI community. Pieter van HeadofMission, Vliet, Deputy andbuildingtrustbetween schemesofdata ofvictims, collection for support methods of dealing with homophobic hate are, crimes effective mechanisms table thepolice officers shared their experience ofsimilar cases, what the working Their force consists ofwell-trained policemen andpolicewomen. theround During transgender community. has been operating the Roze for in Blauw network the lesbian, gay, bisexual and how to work onsimilar cases. For many years thelocalpolice force ofAmsterdam cameto network Sofia tomeettheirBulgarian colleagues and exchange insights on police Roze network inBlauwisdealingwiththeissue. Two police officers from the panel discussiononthetopic ofhomophobichate andhow crimes theDutch organised inBulgaria oftheNetherlands around-tablethe EmbassyofKingdom theGLAS Bulgaria, On 17September2015,inSofia, Foundation together with incidents ofhomophobiaandtransphobia andhate crimes. policespecialist forces, Bulgarianpolicemen learnedhow to dealwith from theNetherlands. Sharing theapproaches and experiences oftheDutch training for Bulgarianpolice officers by experienced “Pink inBlue” policemen Among many Foundation otherprojects, theGLAS organised inSofia a police networkforBulgarianpolicemen,BULGARIA Training coursebytheDutch “PinkinBlue”LGBTI shame” united againstthebusandcouncillor forreferred security to itas busof “the and acceptance oftrans youth. Activists, tradeCouncil unions, City andMadrid LXXXVII . Contact form onthewebsite: www.glasfoundation.bg  E-mail: [email protected] Cogam, Collectivo LGBTI+ deMadrid E-mail: [email protected]  Telephone: (+34)915230070 WhatsApp: (+34)602252243 Telephone: (+31) 205595385 Pink inBluepolice network [email protected] Responses Page 149

LGBTI LGBTI followed, andPink inBlueisnow anationwide network. its success in Amsterdam, many other Dutch local police forces have the protection oftherightsLGBTI community. Following emphasises thecommitmentNetherlands. ofthepolice It to example istheso-called “Pink inBlue” inthe network are present inmany othercitiesandcountries. Oneprominent for Education. Ministry deans andtheregional Italian office ofthe againstBullying, joinedby thenational police,of theRegional Observatory school police and LGBTI of office ofthecity inthe regularmeetings jointly Turin takepart in specificcasesofhomophobic/transphobic violence andcrime. The municipal associations to become acquainted withthepolice inorder to enablecollaboration police force. toThe enablelocal LGBTI training moduleswere alsoan opportunity andshowin theworkplace thevalue ofdiversity management inthemunicipal were alsodesigned to encourage acceptance andinclusionofLGBTI police officers speech and on prejudice and discrimination mechanisms. Training programmes of sexual orientation, genderidentity, stereotypes, hate andhate crimes tackling effects on the overall safety inthecity. receivedParticipants training intheareas and training focused onhomophobia andtransphobia, aswell astheirnegative Participants came from police theneighbourhood andinvestigation sectors, municipal police force. of the municipality Turin offeredmodules designed specific forthecity’s transphobia, stereotypes andhate crimesagainsttheLGBTI community, orderIn to train police the local officers in matters of homophobia and  ITALY Training modulesforthemunicipalpoliceforce, Turin, Human rights handbook Page Similar examplesSimilar oflocal LGBTI police networks Network Population : 150 LXXXVIII 899 455 for localandregional authorities E-mail: [email protected] https://www.politie.nl/themas/roze-in-blauw.html Piazza Palazzo diCittà, 1,10122, Torino, Italy Telephone: (+39)011999 Fax: (+39)01122390  

Further information Comune di TorinoComune ▬ THEIR RIGHTS INPOLICY-MAKING PROCESSES THE LGBTI COMMUNITY ANDMAINSTREAMING AWARENESS,RAISING ENHANCING OF VISIBILITY ▬ ▬ REGIONAL LEGISLATION RECOGNISING LGBTI RIGHTS INLOCAL AND ▬ ▬ RIGHTS AND SERVICES IMPROVING ACCESS TO SOCIAL part V¶ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ with your ofLGBTI city inclusion. plans, advocateand action LGBTI-friendly policiesandsetastrong example chance toUse lobby every for legislative changes! Write proposals, protocols marriages. orsame-sex partnerships ofequalrightsforacknowledgement theLGBTI population, suchascivil Legislation is proof of official recognition! Take thefirst steps towards the needs. address theirparticular intersex condition andpeoplewithdisabilities, specificpolicies anddraft to organised, suchasthosefor people, elderly LGBTI refugees, peoplewithan inmindtheexistenceBear ofLGBTI groups are notyet well establishedor employment. by equalaccess ensuring to socialrightssuchashousing, healthcare and accordinglyneeds andact by establishingLGBTI-friendly and socialservices when promoting social inclusion! Listen to their Communicate andengagewiththeLGBTI community discrimination. Take steps to raise theawareness allnecessary ofthegeneral areEducation andknowledge the most crucialweapons against Recommendations Page 151

LGBTI LGBTI ▬ ▬ IMPROVING ANDSECURITY THEIR SAFETY PROTECTING LGBTI COMMUNITIES AND ▬ ▬ AUTHORITIES PROMOTING CO-OPERATION BETWEEN ▬ ▬ ▬ Human rights handbook Page ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ 152 the victim. ofdiscrimination basedonsexual of orientationany orgenderidentity kind to deal with situations of harassment, physical stalking, and verbal violence or by establishing a police that network specialises in hate and is trained crimes Restore thetrustofyour LGBTI inyour community law-enforcement bodies deal withharassment orotherdiscrimination incidents. on issuesofhomophobiaandtransphobia, sothat theyare better prepared to Give LGBTI citizens afeeling by educating ofsafety professionals andsecurity daysand celebratory and makesure withyour to city. participate Become informed about existing international networks, strategies, events matters offunding andshare your policiesandapproaches. exchangeoffer eachothersupport, experiences andbestpractices, assistin Work withotherlocal, regional incloseco-operation andnational authorities, good relations across thelocalcommunity. a frame of reference, thus contributing to in practice diversity and fostering help to all stakeholders, to inform thegeneral publicandprovide themwith Establish LGBTI inyour area councils anddepartments to guideandoffer processes. promote andmainstream respect theLGBTI rightsinallpolicy-making Publicly ofharassment condemn hate anddiscrimination, andallacts crimes with your country’s legislation. public events organised by LGBTI peopleare heldsecurely andinaccordance therightto freedom ofassembly of LGBTIRespect people by that ensuring inoursocieties. population anditshistory public withcampaigns andevents that promote oftheLGBTI thevisibility for localandregional authorities responsibility for Europe’s towns andregions Guaranteeing lesbian,gay, people’s bisexual andtransgender (LGBT) rights:a CG/2015(28)9Committee, 2015 Report from26March Congress ofLocal Regional and Authorities, Current Affairs and balances? human rights andtheruleoflaw (2017)Populism -How strong are Europe’s checks GeneraloftheCouncil ofEurope: by theSecretary State ofdemocracy,and Report https://www.coe.int/rm/web/commissioner/thematic-work/lgbti Work LGBTI: Council ofEurope, Commissioner Rights-Thematic forHuman https://rm.coe.int/16806942c5 Council ofEurope, June2016: genderidentity orientation and to combat on thegroundsofsexual policies discrimination practices on local regionallevel Compendium ofgood and organisations. Westerlund, Richard Köhlerand TGEU member Second Revised Version, December 2016,Ulrika PracticeBest Catalogue GenderIdentity: and Rights Human reading and further part VI¶ Reference texts Page 153

LGBTI LGBTI http://fra.europa.eu/en/theme/lgbti on LGBTI: (FRA) Rights Publications UnionAgencyforFundamental oftheEuropean Identity Orientation andGender The Application Law ofInternational Human Rights inrelation to Sexual The Yogyakarta Principles Factsheet: LGBTI rights, Frequently Asked Questions FREE &EQUAL Factsheets, forLGBTI United Nations Equality Human rights handbook Page 154 for localandregional authorities References to cited initiatives

I. 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees Universal Declaration of Human Rights (art. 14) European Convention on Human Rights (arts. 2, 3, and 5); Council Regulation EC No 343/2003 of 18 February 2003 establishing the criteria and mechanisms for determining the Member State responsible for examining an asylum application lodged in one of the Member States by a third country national; Council Directive 2004/83/EC of 29 April 2004 on minimum standards for the qualification and status of third country nationals or stateless persons as refugees or as persons who otherwise need international protection and the content of the protection granted II. http://belgium.iom.int/myths-facts-and-answers-about-refugees-and-migrants III. COE Commissioner for Human Rights-Positions on the Rights of Migrants in an Irregular Situation: https://rm.coe.int/16806db7f5 (download); see also: http://www.coe.int/en/web/commissioner/thematic-work/migration IV. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-03-01/italian-villages-reach-out-to-refugees-as-obli- vion-fear-mounts; http://citiscope.org/story/2015/italy-struggling-town-looks-refugees-revival V. http://www.sprar.it/english VI. http://ipc.sabanciuniv.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Engaging-Syrian-Communi- ties-The-Role-of- Local-Government-in-Istanbul_Auveen-Woods-Nihal-Kayal%C4%B1.pdf VII. “Turkey: Refugee crisis, ECHO Factsheet,” European Commission, Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection, http://ec.europa.eu/echo/files/aid/countries/factsheets/turkey_syrian_crisis_en.pdf VIII. http://www.sultanbeyli.istanbul/haberler/goc-idaresi-anadolu-yakasi-koordinasyon-burosu-hizmete- gir-di IX. https://rm.coe.int/168058f6b8 X. https://www.gdansk.pl/download/2016-12/82848.pdf XI. https://www.tag24.de/nachrichten/dresden-quartiert-die-meisten-fluechtlinge-wohnungen-ein- sachsen-57616 XII. https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?p=&id=2372185&Site=COE&direct=true XIII. www.google.fr/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0ahUKEwi04PeunPnTA hWKPxoKHb3WAI4QFggpMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia.strasbourg.eu%2Falfresco%2Fd% 2Fa%2Fworkspace%2FSpacesStore%2F3dede2c5-de91-4ef5-9951-41ff74025c31%2FVADEME CUM-%2520ACCUEILLIR%2520LES%2520REFUGIES%2520AVEC%2520DIGNITE.pdf&usg=AFQjCN HMQVg2cHU6ZoCHwiKlIhShMm_kIw XIV. www.amsterdam.nl/immigratie/vluchtelingen/information-for/interviews-with/immigrant/ XV. http://www.en.strasbourg.eu/news/220/15/Welcoming-refugees-with-dignity/ XVI. http://www.bbc.com/news/in-pictures-37289713 http://impakter.com/what-to-do-with-refugees-the-italian-model/

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XVII. http://www.parismatch.com/Actu/Societe/Peyrelevade-un-village-francais-migrants-825323; http:// tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/l-obs-du-soir/20150907.OBS5415/les-refugies-ont-vraiment-dyna-mise-le- village.html XVIII. http://www.courrierinternational.com/article/france-charmant-village-accueille-migrants XIX. https://rm.coe.int/168058f6b8 XX. http://www.dw.com/en/siemens-to-tap-refugee-talent-via-integration-program/a-18749638 http://pjp-eu.coe.int/documents/6374912/6911360/Case+Study_Siemens_traineeships.pdf/baa62f8a- 211c-44ff-9c7e-c9d1d2c55965 https://rm.coe.int/168058f6b8 XXI. http://pjp-eu.coe.int/documents/6374912/6911360/Case+Study_Siemens_traineeships.pdf/baa62f8a- 211c-44ff-9c7e-c9d1d2c55965 https://rm.coe.int/168058f6b8 https://www.siemens.com/press/en/feature/2016/corporate/2016-09-refugees-at-siemens.php ; https://www.siemens.com/global/en/home/company/jobs/life-at-siemens/refugee-internships.html XXII. http://pjp-eu.coe.int/en/web/c4i XXIII. https://rm.coe.int/168058f6b8 https://www.ne.ch/medias/Pages/151006_Projet-AGRIV-un-partenariat-entre-l%27Etat-et-le-monde- de-l%27agriculture-du-canton-de-Neuch%C3%A2tel-.aspx XXIV. https://www.amsterdam.nl/burgerzaken/immigratie/ XXV. http://www.eurocities.eu/ XXVI. https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/mar/02/germany-opens-doors-yazidi-women- children-northern-iraq-enslaved-isis XXVII. Congress report CG32(2017)07 of the Current Affairs Committee https://rm.coe.int/16806fe485 XXVIII. https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2016/06/german-village-helping-yazidi-women-raped- isil-160621083203597.html?utm_source=Al+Jazeera+English+Newsletter+%7C+Weekly&utm_ campaign=a70d5efd2fw XXIX. www.baden-wuerttemberg.de/de/service/presse/pressemitteilung/pid/baden-wuerttemberg-begruesst- kanadisches-sonderkontingent-fuer-schutzbeduerftige-frauen-aus-dem-irak/ XXX. https://becomingadult.net/about-becoming-adult/ XXXI. www.after18.org.uk/activities/ XXXII. www.after18.org.uk/category/events/ XXXIII. https://www.ortenaukreis.de/Th%C3%A8mes/L-arrondissement-administration/La- coop%C3%A9ration-transfrontali%C3%A8re/L-Eurodistrict XXXIV. https://multeciler.org.tr/eng/refugees-education-centre/ XXXV. http://ipc.sabanciuniv.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Engaging-Syrian-Communities-The- Role-of-Local-Government-in-Istanbul_Auveen-Woods-Nihal-Kayal%C4%B1.pdfhttps://www. athensopenschools.gr/ XXXVI. www.athensopenschools.gr/ XXXVII. http://www.eu-startups.com/2015/10/funzi-launches-mobile-information-and-learning-service-for- asylum-seekers-in-europe/ https://sputniknews.com/europe/201601151033198979-finnish-mobile- app-refugee-help-education/ www.espooinnovationgarden.fi/en/espoo-innovation-garden/stories/right-learning-in-the-right-place- at-the-right-time XXXVIII. www.congress-intercultural.eu/en/theme/24-communication-and-anti-rumour-campaigns.html XXXIX. https://pjp-eu.coe.int/documents/6374912/0/ Prems+079615+GBRFinal+2587+CitiesFreeRumours+WEB+21x21.pdf/c01ea15a-0195-494f-820f- 00ada611f01fhttps://rm.coe.int/1680591c8d

Page 156 XL. https://www.coe.int/en/web/interculturalcities/-/don-t-feed-the-rumour-1, https://www.coe.int/en/ web/interculturalcities/-/don-t-feed-the-rumour-2 XLI. https://rm.coe.int/1680591c8d XLII. www.coe.int/en/web/interculturalcities/-/don-t-feed-the-rumour-1 XLIII. www.siceurope.eu/sic-themes/migration/do-not-feed-rumor-how-amadora-city-council-challenging- stereotypes-against XLIV. Report Evaluation of the Intercultural Cities Program, January 2015 https://rm.coe.int/1680307e66 XLV. https://www.awakeningphoto.com/about XLVI. https://rm.coe.int/1680720407 XLVII. www.mduls.gov.rs/doc/dokumenta/Zakon%20o%20lokalnoj%20samoupravi.pdf Zakon o lokalnoj samoupravi, Službeni glasnik Republike Srbije XLVIII. [Law on Local Self-Government] 129/2007, Article 98, XLIX. https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1051168/1226_1370359982_102083.pdf L. http://cloud2.snappages.com/ecc3fa83da15cf423fe3aaa342f545fa355b24f3/Seminar%20 report_241013.pdf LI. http://goodpracticeroma.ppa.coe.int/en/node/156 LII. http://goodpracticeroma.ppa.coe.int/en/node/153 LIII. http://goodpracticeroma.ppa.coe.int/en/node/380 LIV. https://observatory.sustainablegreece2020.com/en/practice/iatrokoinwniko-kentro-roma-aliberioy- kentro-sthrikshs-roma-a.752.html LV. www.integrazionemigranti.gov.it/Normativa/Documents/Servizi%20Essenziali/Salute%20senza%20 esclusione.pdf, Study on Mobility, Migration and Destitution in the European Union (page207) LVI. http://goodpracticeroma.ppa.coe.int/en/node/305 LVII. https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Europe/2016/0509/In-Central-Europe-one-town-offers-new- lessons-in-fighting-age-old-racism LVIII. http://www.sintiundroma.de/ LIX. http://www.sintiundroma.de/en/centre/about-us.html LX. http://stm.baden-wuerttemberg.de/de/themen/sinti-und-roma/ LXI. http://ajuntament.barcelona.cat/dretssocials/sites/default/files/arxius-documents/EstrategiaGITANO_ DINA4_web.pdf LXII. Discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity in Europe, Council of Europe, September 2011, p.129-132: https://www.coe.int/t/commissioner/source/lgbt/lgbtstudy2011_en.pdf Definition of ‘intersex’ from World Health Organisation, “Genetic components of Sex and Gender”. See also Federal Anti-Discrimination Agency, Benachteiligung von TransPersonen, insbesondere im Arbeitsle- ben, Berlin, 2010, p. 11. LXIII. https://unfe.org/system/unfe-65-Intersex_Factsheet_ENGLISH.pdf Factsheet Intersex-FREE & EQUAL, United Nations for LGBTI Equality LXIV. http://yogyakartaprinciples.org/introduction/ Definition based on the Yogyakarta Principles on the Application of International Human Rights Law in relation https://www.europewatchdog.info/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/LGBTStudy2011_en.pdf Discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity in Europe 2nd edition, Council of Europe, September 2011 LXV. www.unfe.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/LGBT-Rights-FAQs.pdf LXVI. https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/intelligence-report/2011/10-anti-gay-myths-debunked LXVII. Articles 2(1) and 26 ICCPR. Article 2(2) ICESCR. LXVIII. Non-discrimination clause of the CEDAW; Art. 2 CRC.

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LXIX. The European Court of Human Rights confirmed in 1999 that sexual orientation is a discrimination ground covered by Article 14 of the Convention; the Council of Europe Committee of Ministers adopted a Recommendation on measures to combat discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation or gender identity; Article 21.1 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. LXX. www.bbc.com/news/magazine-26554710 LXXI. http://cdn.f1000.com/posters/docs/1691 LXXII. https://rm.coe.int/16806942c5 LXXIII. https://www.brighton-hove.gov.uk/content/housing/general-housing/housing-strategy-2015 LXXIV. http://transexualia.org/socio-laboral/ LXXV. www.comune.torino.it/regolamenti/337/337.htm www.comune.torino.it/anagrafe/unionicivili.htm LXXVI. See: Intervention by Turgay Bayandir during the workshop on Good Practices for LGBTI Activists on Engaging with Local and Regional Authorities, at ILGA-Europe’s Annual Conference in Athens, 28-31 October 2015. LXXVII. Apart from Germany, same-sex marriage is also recognised in the following Council of Europe member-states: Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Norway, Sweden, Portugal, Iceland, Denmark, France, UK, Luxembourg, Finland and Ireland. http://ceoworld.biz/2015/11/23/list-of-countries-where-same-sex-marriage-is-legal/ LXXVIII. https://www.amsterdam.nl/bestuur-organisatie/organisatie/sociaal/onderwijs-jeugd-zorg/diversiteit/ roze-agenda-2015/#h2ca0fc5c-e624-4451-af1e-fc98ae6fbcb4 LXXIX. www.southlanarkshire.gov.uk/info/200200/equality_in_employment/592/equal_opportunities_and_di- versity LXXX. https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/38300088 LXXXI. https://www.stadt-zuerich.ch/prd/de/index/gleichstellung/themen/sexuelle_orientierung_ geschlechtsidentitaet/infotafel_brunngasse.html LXXXII. http://www.comune.torino.it/politichedigenere/lgbt/lgbt_reti/lgbt_ready/ http://www.comune.torino. it/ see also: E-mail correspondence with Eufemio Gianluca Truppa, Servizio LGBT, city of Turin, 1 February 2016. LXXXIII. https://rm.coe.int/16806942c5 LXXXIV. https://rm.coe.int/16801e8db7 LXXXV. www.google.fr/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0ahUKEwj1nLTy4O_UAhX H0RoKHcE9BRAQFggsMAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mrt.gov.me%2FResourceManager%2F FileDownload.aspx%3Frid%3D154247%26rType%3D2%26file%3D130509%2520-%2520 EN%2520-%2520LGBT%2520Action%2520Plan%25202013.pdf&usg=AFQjCNHZDlx-fskRj4yoILu mukFWpd-UTA LXXXVI. www.cogam.es/stop-lgtbfobia/ LXXXVII. http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-39125187; https://twitter.com/logotv/ LXXXVIII. http://www.comune.torino.it/politichedigenere/bm~doc/spazio_pubblico_2011-04.pdf Information provided by the City of Turin

Page 158 Refugees - Asylum Seekers Migrants - IDPs Roma and Travellers - LGBTI Today, no one disputes the role of local and regional authorities as front- line actors in the protection of human rights. But how can we make human rights a tangible reality, as close as possible to the people? For several years, the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe has been promoting human rights during its regular visits to monitor the implementation of the European Charter of Local Self-Government. This Human rights handbook for local and regional authorities is part of this approach and is a practical tool for local and regional elected officials, but also for staff of territorial administrations. It emphasizes the right to non-discrimination paying particular attention to three categories of people: refugees, asylum seekers, migrants and internally displaced persons (IDPs); Roma and Travellers; LGBTI persons. Developed with the support of the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights and the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, this Handbook presents examples of initiatives implemented by local and regional authorities and provides contact details for each of them. The objective is to highlight the concrete implementation of human rights and to facilitate the exchange of experiences between local and regional elected authorities.

www.coe.int/congress-human-rights [email protected] ENG

The Council of Europe is the continent’s leading human rights organisation. It comprises 47 member States, including all members of the European Union. The Congress of Local and Regional Authorities is an institution of the Council of Europe, responsible for strengthening local and regional www.coe.int democracy in its 47 member States. Composed of two chambers – the Chamber of Local Authorities and the Chamber of Regions – and three committees, it brings together 648 elected officials representing more than 150 000 local and regional authorities.