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EDITED by C. ANDERSON, M.A .. D.Sc . Vol. I

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EDITED by C. ANDERSON, M.A .. D.Sc . Vol. I EDITED BY C. ANDERSON, M.A.. D.Sc . • • Lord Howe Island-A Natural­ ist's Paradise ... - A llatt R . McCulloch The Depths oE the Sea • Charus H edley Some Large Non-Venomous Snakes and Their Food - f. Roy Kt'ng-hot n Spid~rs, Poisonous and Other­ WISe A tzthony M tlsgrave Quaint Crustaceans F. A . McNeill The Welcome Stranger Nugget The E dttor Vol. I. No. 2. AUGUST, 1921. PRICE ONE SHILLING. THE AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM College Street, Sydney. BOARD OF TRUSTEES: President: r. STOBJ.» DrxiON, M.B., Ch.,M., Knight of the order of St. John of Jexuealem in Engl8.lld. Crown Trustee : J.utES MoKERN. Official Trustees : His HoNOUR THE CHIEF JusTICE. TH& HoN. mE PRESIDENT OF THE LEGISLATIV.& CouNCIL. THE HoN. THE CoLONIAL SECRETARY. THE HoN. THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL. THE HoN. THE CoLONIAL TREASURER. THll HoN. THE SECBETARY FOR PUBLiC WORKs AND MlNIS'l.'ER roB RAILWAYs. T:aE HoN. THE MINISTER OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION. 1'1r.E AUDITOR-GF:NERAL. TH.a PRBSIDENT O)' THs N.S. WALEs MEDICAL Do.ABD ('1'. SroBIE DixsoN, M.B., Ch.M.). TRR SURVEYOR-GENERAL AND CHIEF SURVEYOR. THE CROWN SOLICI~R. Eleetive Trustees : PBOF. W. A. fuswELL, M.A., D.Sc. F.R.S. , ERNEST WUNDEBLIOH. PRoF. · Sm T. W. E. DAviD, K.B.E., C.M.G., B.A., F.R.S. G. H. ABBOTT, B.A., :M.B., Ch.M. w. H. lURGRAVli:S. J. VERNON. ERIC SrnOLAm, M.D. THE HoN. D. LEVY, LL.B., M.L.A. CoL. THE HoN. Sra JAs. BuRNs, K.C.M.G., M.L.C. J. J. FL:tTOHER, M.A., B.Sc. J. R. M. RoBERTSON, M.D., C.M. G. MoR.Ai1. Director: CHARLES ANDER80N, M.A., D.Se. (MineraZogist) . Principal Keeper of Colleetiolll : ClLUUJEs HEDLEY, ( Conc'Mwgist). Scientific Staff: ALLAH R. MoCULLQCH, Zoologist, in charge of Fi8h~. WILLLUI W. THORPE, Ethnologist. R.rsx. W. BRETNALL, Zoologist, i7Jr charge of Lower Invertebrates. AN'THONY MUSGRAVE1 Entomologist. J. RoY KINGHORN, Zoologist, in chalfge of Birds Reptiles and A n~.-phib i a·ns. ELLI8 LE G. TBOUGHTON, Zoowgi,t, in charge of Mamm~ls aml Skeletons. F. A. MoNEILL, ZofJlogist, i?1 charge of Orustac.ea. T. HoDGE SlUTH1 _Assistant in Mineralogy. Librarian: Accountant: w. A. RAINBOW. J. A. TRiliPIJE. T a b l e o f C o n t e n t s. TnE F OHES'T' OF Lo1m HowE ISLAND Frontispiece LORD HowE l SLAN'D-A P .\R.ADI. E- Allam R . lYl cCulloch .. 31 TKE D EPTH · OF THE SEA-Charles Hedley . 48 SOME LARGE NON-y ll:N01IOU • SNAKF,S AND Fooo- J . Roy Kinghorn .. 53 SPIDERS, POJ ONOU AKD 0TllERWl E- .dnthony Mus- gra.l e . 55 QUAIN1' CRUS'rACFJANS-F. ~ 1. ll1.c1Y ein . 57 THE WELCO ~\!E STRANGER NuGG E'r-The Editor 6C •. 30 THE AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM MAGAZINE. The shady paths through the forest of Lord H owe I sland often pass beneath the arching branches of banyans. They are walled in on each side with a dense mass of wa,•ing palm leaYe'S which gli tter in t he sunlight fi ltered through the green canopy OYerhead. Photo-A. R. McCulloch. Published by the AwtTalian llluseum College Street) Sydney. Editor: C. ANDERSON, M.A., D.Sc. Annual Suhscription, Post Free, 4/ 4. VOL. I. No. 2. AUGUST, 19:21. Lord Howe Island - A Naturalist's Paradise. BY ALLAN R. :McCULLOCII. If you were to sail straight out east­ nature one may combine the goou w<..rd from Fort Macquarie, New South things we demanu of more populous -nrales, for three hundred miles, you places-an ideal, evanescent. and fast .would come to two great bills rising out becoming submerged by the strenuous of the ocean depths, with just a little progress of the time . lower lying land around their bases. Its hills rise high upon the horizon But. should )'OU be blown out of your like two blue clouds as one approaches course and pass either to the nortll or from the wide encircling ocean. The south of them, you might then double deep waters so completely isolate it from backward and forward over many thou­ the rest of the worlcl that even the sea­ sands of miles in the Tnsman Sea with­ roaming natives of the Pacific islands, out encountering any other land. Lord who wandered fa,r and wide in their fTail Howe Island, only seven miles long, is canoes, failed to discover it. It is true just a tiny scrap in a huge ocean waste. that a few bleached bones occasionally But what. a wonderful scrap! Covered obtrude from the sands which have coY­ with a luxuriant \'egetation, which in­ ered them, but these are of compant­ cludes many remarkable plants found no­ tively recent burial, and pe1haps tell of where else in the world, its high and some member of a 'Yhaler's crew or otber precipitous hill afford scenery as seafaring man whose history has been unique as it is beautiful. Tbe pre ence forgotten. of a coral reef and its enclosed lagoon When Lieutenant Liclgbird Ball di - proYides additional 1eaturPs usuall~· rc­ co,·erell Lord Howe Island in 1788 he sh·icted to tropical climates. found it quite uninhabited by man, while its bird popul<>tiC:l was so ignor~.nt of ".ax ISL.. nm OF DREAM ., the murclerou ways of humans that all Dreams of sunlig·ht, palms and open its members, larg~ and small, wandered spaces, and also of freedom from the up to obserYe what strange intruders cares of this troublous world. And yet. bad come to disturb their seclu-sion. for those whose tastes run to more sub­ They knew not what fear meant, iHtVWg" stantial thing'S, likewise an island of fas­ had no enemies other than of their own cinating interest. ~rhere are delightful kind, for there were neither mammals homes with gardens, and charming peo­ nor reptiles to prey upon them, and ple, and all thm;e things which go to their curiosity led them to approach make civilisation worth while. With all within arm's length. There were lots the enthralling freedom of unsullied of them, too, white birds with scarlet 3i THE AUSTRALIAN l\IUSEU:\I 'i\lAGAZlNE. bills (Xotorni · alba), about the size of the seeds of the so-called ·•K er:tia." a h~n, being ,·ery plentiful. Th<>se couh.t palms. These are peculiar to the~ b­ not fl y, bnt wandered around fearlessly land, and suppl~· the world with one of just as do the de~cendants of some its most decorati,·e and t'amiliar plants. others of their fellow inhabitants to tln::. A resident born on the i land acquires day. But, alas, their fle h seemed so so nutny ~hares upon attaining his ma­ good to those who followed in the jorit~·, and thereafter tccei,·es Llis share LicutenaJtt's wake tbal within an in­ oC both the labours and profits of the credibly short $p a<·c of time this unique company. The younger men have oc­ and trusting birtl became extinc•t. Savt ca.c:ional work to do "'hi<·h i::: of a ''e1·y for a single skin in the Yienna .Museum arduous and daug·erous nature, but t hey and a few n ote~ in jottrnals recording have long inlen ·als in which ·to enjoy t he org·ies of killing, we know nothing ot many n<h·antagrs of' Lheir i ~land home. lho existenc·c of this remarkably Inte­ 11 r esting spe<·ies. One c·an scarcely l5up­ KI!:N'l'IA" PAL:,\[S. p ose, howen•r. that man alout: was re­ These a re perhaps tlte · most decora­ sponsible for its nnnihilation, smce ;;be tive oC a ll planls, and their delicate island is so rugged that the bird m ust greenery is in unceasing demand all th~ ha,·e had m1merous sb·ongbolds to re­ world over. \Yhether it be .in tbe tire to where man has even yet nc,·er ~a l oon of an ocean liner, the winter gar­ YE'ntured. Hut if it was not man, it was den of a hotel, or enm in some stuffy the cats, pigs, or other animals which he grill-room, there we find palms. · These liberated, and wbic•h running wild, are almost always the Thatch PalmI spread themseh·es throughout the bush, Ilou·ea [oste1·iana, a spec-ies p eculiar to playing havoc among tbe unsuspecting Lord Howe Island, for lllis, better than birds. any other, is able to withstand the un­ Lord llowe Island is a dependency r.f kind treatment such palms receive. Un­ New South \Yales, and was wisely pro­ der natural conditions tl1ey flourish iu <·laimecl a resen·e so long ago a'3 1879. a rather hungry soil, fo1·mecl chiefly of J t has rather over one hundred in­ coral sand which is often only a foot or habitants who are mostly share-h0ldc•r:> two in dept!J. They commonly grow so in a company controlled by the G0Yetn .. thickly t hat they must compete with ol!e ment, the business of which is to collect another to secure a sufficiency of sun- lig ht to ennble them to beat" seed. Th os e: wbicb surv i v c are tlteref01 c ,.e1·y hardy and well aciapted for artificial culli­ \'ation. The world a <-- cording-ly a<:ks for their seeas, seYeral thou­ sand bushels of which are ~cm. away each year, forming Utt' principal exp .>J t of the' islantl.
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