The Praying Mantis. by GILBERT WHITLEY
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Table of Contents. Y o uNG SEA-EAGLE ON NEsT Frontispiece EDITORI AL 223 S o ME B IRDS OF P.&EY- Charles Bm-rett 225 SEA-DRAGONS (Phyllopteryx)- Alkm R. Jl cCullcch 231 EssAY CoMPETTTJON ... 232 A T ALK ABOUT SHEL LS- Charles H fdley . 233 THE PRAYING ni ANTJs-Gilbe'rl Wh itley . 238 CRUSTACEAN CAMOU FLEURs- F rank A . Jclfcr·:em... 243 S oME LITTLE -KNow · LIZARDs- THE G EcKo ·- .]. R. J{inghorn 247 P RIMITIVE F I RE PRODUCTION- fV illia m rr. Thorpe 249 L IFE AND S TRIFE AMON G THE ' EA EIRD&-Arthur A. Livings tone . 251 t;::j~ g> ~ ~ ~ d U1 l?=J d ~ ~ Youn~ White-breasted Sea Eagle on Nest, Capricorn Group, North Queens land. T he nest is built on a Sophor a bush, whilst In t he background is seen ~ Tournefortia a r gen1a. The leaves of this, which cluster on the ends of b ranches, a r e clad with s ilvery hairs, but th e general colour is sage green. N Su page 225. [Photo.-C. Barrl'll. Hz l?=J Published by the Australian 1ll useum College Street, Sydney. Erutor: C. ANDERSON, M.A., D.Sc. Annual Subscription, Post Free, 4/ 4, VoL. I., No. 8. APRIL, 1923. Editorial. THE AUSTRALIAN FAUNA. T the present t ime there is a good what we can to preYent, or at any rate deal of public discussion on the p ostpon~, their extinction. A rigid A subject of our native mammals ~ppli cat10n of the laws protecting wild and birds, and some of t he participants life would do much to save our mar are inclined to strike a note of pessimism supials, and the dedication of suitable as regards t he future of these mem hers of resen-es, where tho. c srecies which are our fauna, particularly the marsupial . less able to cope "ith changed con It is undou bted1y true that the total ditions, could find sanctuarv. ' should be number of our wild animals is less now strongly urged on our legislators. than formerly; th at is an inevitable con At the same time we would clcrrecate sequence of th e. advance of sett l eme~t , the desire evident in some quarters to clearing operatwns, bush fires, the In curtail the orerations of scientific troduction of animals like the fox and collectors, especially those representing the rabbit, and the widespread use of cxtra-Australian institutions. A little poison in t he endeavour to control these consideration of the facts will convince pests. It is probably true, too, that anyone that, so far as collecting for some species which inhabited Australia scientific and educational purposes is when Captain Cook first la.nded on concerned, t he damage done to our these shores are now extinct, but we indigenous fauna is so slight as to be hope that t he number of these is small, negligible. Within the last few years and that some deemed extinct are yet two of the leading American museums lingering in some of t he l~ss access.ible ha,Te had collectors in Australia, and and more sparsely inhabited port10ns between them t hey have accounted of our great continent. for about one thousand marsupials. As Dr. W. K. Gregory pointed out Du r·ing the game period the number in a previous* issue, the Australian of marsurial laughtered for their marsupials are in many respect~ the skins runs into miJlions Let us deYote most interesting group of ammals our energies and ingenuity to controll now existing, and their undoubted ing trade in our wild anirnals and birds~ depletion is a deplorable fact. It which has for its object, not scientific behoves us as o-ood Australia.ns to do or educational ad,~ anceme nt , but mere b gain. On the other hand, if the pessi <:THE A-~-T-.R -1-·L-I -\N- 1\- ftlSEUll )fAG .IZ I ~E. , .01. T., Xo. 3, mists are right, and our marsupia.~ s are DccPntber, 1922, p. 65. 224 THE AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM MAGAZINE. doomed to e:\.-t inction, surely it is ad ours, there are still existing members visable that scientific institutions should of the marsupial order of mammals so be allowed to obtain the comparatively characteristic of Australia. But we few specimens necessary to e xhibit to may claim with justice that Australian posterity the characteristics of t hese scientific collectors should obtain special interesting animals. facilities and support in their work. Let us not, then, put unreasonable The resources of our own museums are obstacles in the path of our scientific deplorably slender and it. is to be hoped confreres. Their efforts will result in that public-spirited men like Sir Wil a distinct gain to Australian zoological liam Macleay, Sir Thomas Elder, W. A. science. There is yet much to be done H orn, and :Mr. H. L. White, will always in the investigation of our marsupials, be forthcoming, men who realise the and, along with our fellow citizens in necessity for the investigation of our other parts of the Empire, sm·ely our wild life, and are prepared to give prac American cousins have a right to share tical support to the work. All honow· in our heritage, for, in their land as iu to them. Notes and News. Dr. J. R . M. Robertson, Trustee, has :Mr. H. C. Raven, collecting for the ret urned to Sydney after an extended American Museum of Natural History, trip to Europe and America. Another returned from Tasmania and later left Trustee, Sir James Burns, has ~ lso for the United States. lVIr. Raven has returned from Europe. · We are pleased been successful in obtaining a fine to hear that his health is now improving. collection of Australian mammals for anatomical purposes and for display in Dr. T. Storie Dixson, President, left the projected Australian Hall in the last month on a trip to the United New York museum. During his stay States. in Sydney lVIr. Raven made a careful study of our collection of marsupial ::\Ir. A. R. l\IcCulloch, who has been skulls. away for five months with Captain Professor T . T . Flynn, of the Uni Hurley in New Guinea, has now re versity of Tasmania, recently spent turned. several weeks at the Museum, working on the description of the squalodon t Among recent scientific visitors whale skull discovered by him at Table may be enumerated Professor P . B. Cape, Tasmania, and on the Mawson de Rautenfeld, Commissioner, Chinese Collection of Antarctic Pycnogonida. Maritime Customs Service, former ly A cast of the Table Cape Skull has been of the University of Peking ; Mr. J . put on exhibition in the Museum, and Emblom Gullberg of the Smithsonian a description by Prof. Flynn of t he find Institution, Washington, who has re and its significance will be published turned from New Guinea and is now in our next issue. engaged in craniometric investigations in the Museum ; Major H . Newport, The Museum lecture season will open Department of Agriculture, Rabau1, on April 12th, when Mr. A. R. Mc who is in charge of the mus ~um there Culloch will discourse on " The Mud and is keenly interested in museum People of Papua." The lecture will be methods. illu.strated by an exceptionally fine sen es of lantern slides. THE AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM MAGAZINE. 225 Some Birds of Prey. BY CHARLES BARRE'l'T, C.M.Z.S. s home pets, the birds of prey are Sea Eagles, judging by evidence A not popular, though some per gathered amongst the Capricorns, are sons (eccentric, you may say) fond of sea snakes ; we found many have made a hob by of cherishing eagles skeletons, apparently of these reptiles, and hawks, and members of the owl on the ground beneath several nests, tribe. I am not one of these " peculiar mingled with those of fish. people," but I am keen on making The beautiful White-headed Sea Eagle friends with the hunting birds in their (Haliastur indus) I have watched very native wilds, and in the course of many often with admiration, in the coastal rambles afield, with binoculars and regions of North Queensland, but camera, I have met with a measure of hitherto it has dodged my camera. success. These fishing birds, perched on piles or Perhaps it is too much to claim that rocks, and in flight, look fine in their one has gained the confidence and white and rich chestnut-coloured goodwill of eagles and hawks, unless the plumage. limitation is stated. Only young birds, Whistling Eagles are not rare, and in the nursery or just out of it, are most folk who are interested in wild promising subjects for overtures. 1\'Iy birds must be familiar with them. The photographs are the evidence that I Ornithologists' Camp, on Wallis Lake, have not failed completely with them. New South Wales, was close to a tall gum tree which held, in the loftiest boughs, a nest of this species. The COWARDLY SEA EAGLES. curious whistling notes were constantly My first attack on an accipitrine heard, and often we saw the birds citadel was surprisingly successful. On sailing high, over land or sea. a liytle isle of the Capricorn Group, Queensland, a pair of White-breasted Sea THE EAGLE-HAWK . Eagles (H alicetus leucogaster) had built Though it has been greatly persecuted a huge nest of sticks among low branches in many districts, our noblest bird of of a Sophora bush. It contained a prey, the Wedge-tailed Eagle ( Urocetus lusty eaglet, almost ready to fly. As audax) is still far from the trail that soon as I approached, carrying a half leads to extinction.