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Eia Pma Garcia Moreno “DISEÑO DE LA DESCARGA DE ALCANTARILLADO PLANTA DE TRATAMIENTO Y OBTENCION DE LA RESPECTIVA LICENCIA AMBIENTAL SECTOR QUEBRADA GARCÍA MORENO PARROQUIA SAN MIGUELITO Y MARCOS ESPINEL” Consultor - Contratista: FERNANDO RODRIGO SÁNCHEZ SEGOVIA INGENIERO CIVIL, HIDRÁULICO - SANITARIO Responsable del Estudio Específico: JOHNNY FERNANDO JIMÉNEZ FLAMAÍN CONSULTOR AMBIENTAL (MAE-214-CI) Promotor: GOBIERNO AUTÓNOMO DESCENTRALIZAD DEL CANTÓN SANTIAGO DE PÍLLARO Dirigido a: MINISTERIO DE AMBIENTE DEL ECUADOR DIRECCIÓN PROVINCIAL TUNGURAHUA UBICACIÓN DEL PROYECTO: OBRA DE INGENIERÍA HIDRÁULICA Y SANITARIA, UBICADA EN EL SECTOR GARCÍA MORENO, PARROQUIA MARCOS ESPINEL, CANTÓN SANTIAGO DE PÍLLARO, PROVINCIA DE TUNGURAHUA. A TRAVÉS DE SU IMPLANTACIÓN, SE PREVÉ EL MEJORAMIENTO DE LAS CONDICIONES SANITARIAS EN LA ZONA DE INFLUENCIA DE ACTIVIDADES (ZIA) DEL PROYECTO HIDRO - SANITARIO. EL AGUA RESIDUAL TRATADA SERA DISPUESTA, A TRAVÉS DE UNA OBRA CIVIL DE DESCARGA, EN LA QUEBRADA GARCÍA MORENO. COORDENADAS DEL EMPLAZAMIENTO DE LAS UNIDADES DE DESCONTAMINACIÓN SON: (774617, 9869410, 2783) [m]; SEGÚN EL SISTEMA DE PROYECCIÓN WGS_1984_17 CUADRANTE SUR. AGOSTO – 2014 (ÚLTIMA ACTUALIZACIÓN) RESPONSABLES PROMOTOR: GOBIERNO AUTÓNOMO DESCENTRALIZADO DEL CANTÓN SANTIAGO DE PÍLLARO Dr. Patricio Sarabia – ALCALDE CONSULTOR - CONTRATISTA: Fernando Rodrigo Sánchez Segovia INGENIERO CIVIL / HIDRÁULICO-SANITARIO RESPONSABLE DEL ESTUDIO ESPECÍFICO: Johnny Fernando Jiménez Flamaín INGENIERO CIVIL (LP: 18-894), ESPECIALIDAD HIDRÁULICA SANITARIA SISTEMAS DE INFORMACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA (GIS) GESTIÓN AMBIENTAL SEGURIDAD, CALIDAD Y AMBIENTE CONSULTOR AMBIENTAL (MAE-214-CI) PERSONAL DE APOYO: Cristian Marcelo Pavón Saguay INGENIERO AMBIENTAL Rubén Darío Ledesma Acosta INGENIERO AMBIENTAL Víctor Ricardo Jurado Jácome ECONOMISTA CONTACTO: Av. Rodrigo Pachano y Montalvo. Edificio Plaza Ficoa. Oficina 306 Teléfonos: 032824057 – 0997415920 [email protected] [email protected] www.cegea.org Píllaro – Ecuador. Agosto, 2014 ÍNDICE ÍNDICE DE CONTENIDOS 1. PRESENTACIÓN DEL ESTUDIO / FICHA TÉCNICA ...................................................................... 1 2. RESUMEN EJECUTIVO .............................................................................................................. 2 3. SIGLAS Y ABREVIATURAS ......................................................................................................... 1 4. DEFINICIONES .......................................................................................................................... 2 5. ANTECEDENTES ....................................................................................................................... 5 6. OBJETIVOS DEL PROYECTO ...................................................................................................... 6 6.1. Objetivo General ..................................................................................................................... 6 6.2. Objetivos Específicos ............................................................................................................... 6 7. OBJETIVOS DEL ESTUDIO DE IMPACTO AMBIENTAL ............................................................... 6 7.1. Objetivo General ..................................................................................................................... 6 7.2. Objetivos Específicos ............................................................................................................... 6 8. IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA UNIDAD DE ANÁLISIS ESPACIAL ......................................................... 7 9. CARACTERIZACIÓN, DIAGNÓSTICO Y EVALUACIÓN DE LA ZONA DE ESTUDIO ....................... 7 9.1. Caracterización Ambiental ...................................................................................................... 7 MEDIO FÍSICO........................................................................................................................................ 7 9.1.1. Climatología ............................................................................................................................. 8 9.1.2. Análisis Hidrológico ............................................................................................................... 10 9.1.3. Erosión y Modelo de Elevación Digital (DEM) ....................................................................... 11 9.1.4. Geología................................................................................................................................. 13 9.1.5. Análisis de uso del suelo ........................................................................................................ 15 9.1.6. Calidad de Aire ...................................................................................................................... 16 9.1.7. Calidad de Agua ..................................................................................................................... 16 9.1.8. Caracterización del Paisaje .................................................................................................... 17 MEDIO BIÓTICO .................................................................................................................................. 21 9.1.9. Fauna ..................................................................................................................................... 21 9.1.10. Cobertura vegetal .................................................................................................................. 28 9.1.11. Inventario Forestal ................................................................................................................ 41 ASPECTOS SOCIO-ECONÓMICOS Y CULTURALES ................................................................................ 45 9.1.12. Demografía/Estructura de la Población ................................................................................ 45 9.1.13. Infraestructura física y servicios básicos ............................................................................... 46 9.1.14. Infraestructura Recreativa..................................................................................................... 47 9.1.15. Educación .............................................................................................................................. 48 ÍNDICE 9.1.16. Vivienda ................................................................................................................................. 49 9.1.17. Infraestructura de Salud ........................................................................................................ 50 9.1.18. Infraestructura Vial ................................................................................................................ 51 9.1.19. Pobreza por necesidades básicas insatisfechas y por ingresos ............................................. 52 9.1.20. Organización social ................................................................................................................ 53 9.1.21. Migración............................................................................................................................... 55 9.1.22. Manifestaciones culturales ................................................................................................... 55 9.2. Diagnóstico Ambiental .......................................................................................................... 56 9.3. Evaluación Ambiental ............................................................................................................ 56 10. IDENTIFICACIÓN Y VALIDACIÓN DE INDICADORES AMBIENTALES ........................................ 60 EVALUACIÓN DEL ESTADO DE CONSERVACIÓN DE ECOSISTEMAS ..................................................... 60 10.1. Índice de Calidad de Aire ....................................................................................................... 60 10.2. Nivel de Ruido........................................................................................................................ 61 10.3. Índice de Calidad de Agua ..................................................................................................... 61 10.4. Alteración del Paisaje ............................................................................................................ 62 10.5. Uso del Suelo ......................................................................................................................... 63 10.6. Cobertura Vegetal (flora)....................................................................................................... 63 10.7. Valor ecológico (fauna) .......................................................................................................... 64 EVALUACIÓN DE LAS CONDICIONES SOCIALES ................................................................................... 66 10.8. Aceptabilidad del proyecto ................................................................................................... 66 INTEGRACIÓN DEL ANÁLISIS GLOBAL DE LA ZONA DE ESTUDIO ........................................................ 66 11. DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROYECTO Y ANÁLISIS DE ALTERNATIVAS ............................................... 68 11.1. Descripción de la Planta de tratamiento de agua residuales ................................................ 68 11.1.1. Caracterización de la obra civil .............................................................................................
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