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(GISD) 2021. Species Profile Rattus Rattus. Available From
FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Rattus rattus Rattus rattus System: Terrestrial Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Animalia Chordata Mammalia Rodentia Muridae Common name Hausratte (German), European house rat (English), bush rat (English), blue rat (English), ship rat (English), roof rat (English), black rat (English) Synonym Mus rattus , Linnaeus, 1758 Mus alexandrinus , Geoffroy, 1803 Musculus frugivorus , Rafinesque, 1814 Mus novaezelandiae , Buller, 1870 Similar species Rattus norvegicus Summary A native of the Indian sub-continent, the ship rat (Rattus rattus) has now spread throughout the world. It is widespread in forest and woodlands as well as being able to live in and around buildings. It will feed on and damage almost any edible thing. The ship rat is most frequently identified with catastrophic declines of birds on islands. It is very agile and often frequents tree tops searching for food and nesting there in bunches of leaves and twigs. view this species on IUCN Red List Species Description A slender rat with large hairless ears, the ship rat (Rattus rattus) may be grey-brown on the back with either a similarly coloured or creamish-white belly, or it may be black all over. The uniformly- coloured tail is always longer than the head and body length combined. Its body weight is usually between 120 and 160 g but it can exceed 200 g. The work of Yosida (1980) and his co-workers has shown that there are two forms of R. rattus that differ in chromosome number. The more widespread Oceanic form has 38 chromosomes and is the ship rat of Europe, the Mediterranean region, America, Australia and New Zealand. -
Amazon Alive: a Decade of Discoveries 1999-2009
Amazon Alive! A decade of discovery 1999-2009 The Amazon is the planet’s largest rainforest and river basin. It supports countless thousands of species, as well as 30 million people. © Brent Stirton / Getty Images / WWF-UK © Brent Stirton / Getty Images The Amazon is the largest rainforest on Earth. It’s famed for its unrivalled biological diversity, with wildlife that includes jaguars, river dolphins, manatees, giant otters, capybaras, harpy eagles, anacondas and piranhas. The many unique habitats in this globally significant region conceal a wealth of hidden species, which scientists continue to discover at an incredible rate. Between 1999 and 2009, at least 1,200 new species of plants and vertebrates have been discovered in the Amazon biome (see page 6 for a map showing the extent of the region that this spans). The new species include 637 plants, 257 fish, 216 amphibians, 55 reptiles, 16 birds and 39 mammals. In addition, thousands of new invertebrate species have been uncovered. Owing to the sheer number of the latter, these are not covered in detail by this report. This report has tried to be comprehensive in its listing of new plants and vertebrates described from the Amazon biome in the last decade. But for the largest groups of life on Earth, such as invertebrates, such lists do not exist – so the number of new species presented here is no doubt an underestimate. Cover image: Ranitomeya benedicta, new poison frog species © Evan Twomey amazon alive! i a decade of discovery 1999-2009 1 Ahmed Djoghlaf, Executive Secretary, Foreword Convention on Biological Diversity The vital importance of the Amazon rainforest is very basic work on the natural history of the well known. -
Eia Pma Garcia Moreno
“DISEÑO DE LA DESCARGA DE ALCANTARILLADO PLANTA DE TRATAMIENTO Y OBTENCION DE LA RESPECTIVA LICENCIA AMBIENTAL SECTOR QUEBRADA GARCÍA MORENO PARROQUIA SAN MIGUELITO Y MARCOS ESPINEL” Consultor - Contratista: FERNANDO RODRIGO SÁNCHEZ SEGOVIA INGENIERO CIVIL, HIDRÁULICO - SANITARIO Responsable del Estudio Específico: JOHNNY FERNANDO JIMÉNEZ FLAMAÍN CONSULTOR AMBIENTAL (MAE-214-CI) Promotor: GOBIERNO AUTÓNOMO DESCENTRALIZAD DEL CANTÓN SANTIAGO DE PÍLLARO Dirigido a: MINISTERIO DE AMBIENTE DEL ECUADOR DIRECCIÓN PROVINCIAL TUNGURAHUA UBICACIÓN DEL PROYECTO: OBRA DE INGENIERÍA HIDRÁULICA Y SANITARIA, UBICADA EN EL SECTOR GARCÍA MORENO, PARROQUIA MARCOS ESPINEL, CANTÓN SANTIAGO DE PÍLLARO, PROVINCIA DE TUNGURAHUA. A TRAVÉS DE SU IMPLANTACIÓN, SE PREVÉ EL MEJORAMIENTO DE LAS CONDICIONES SANITARIAS EN LA ZONA DE INFLUENCIA DE ACTIVIDADES (ZIA) DEL PROYECTO HIDRO - SANITARIO. EL AGUA RESIDUAL TRATADA SERA DISPUESTA, A TRAVÉS DE UNA OBRA CIVIL DE DESCARGA, EN LA QUEBRADA GARCÍA MORENO. COORDENADAS DEL EMPLAZAMIENTO DE LAS UNIDADES DE DESCONTAMINACIÓN SON: (774617, 9869410, 2783) [m]; SEGÚN EL SISTEMA DE PROYECCIÓN WGS_1984_17 CUADRANTE SUR. AGOSTO – 2014 (ÚLTIMA ACTUALIZACIÓN) RESPONSABLES PROMOTOR: GOBIERNO AUTÓNOMO DESCENTRALIZADO DEL CANTÓN SANTIAGO DE PÍLLARO Dr. Patricio Sarabia – ALCALDE CONSULTOR - CONTRATISTA: Fernando Rodrigo Sánchez Segovia INGENIERO CIVIL / HIDRÁULICO-SANITARIO RESPONSABLE DEL ESTUDIO ESPECÍFICO: Johnny Fernando Jiménez Flamaín INGENIERO CIVIL (LP: 18-894), ESPECIALIDAD HIDRÁULICA SANITARIA SISTEMAS DE INFORMACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA (GIS) GESTIÓN AMBIENTAL SEGURIDAD, CALIDAD Y AMBIENTE CONSULTOR AMBIENTAL (MAE-214-CI) PERSONAL DE APOYO: Cristian Marcelo Pavón Saguay INGENIERO AMBIENTAL Rubén Darío Ledesma Acosta INGENIERO AMBIENTAL Víctor Ricardo Jurado Jácome ECONOMISTA CONTACTO: Av. Rodrigo Pachano y Montalvo. Edificio Plaza Ficoa. Oficina 306 Teléfonos: 032824057 – 0997415920 [email protected] [email protected] www.cegea.org Píllaro – Ecuador. -
Population Genetics of the Native Rodents of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador
Population Genetics of the Native Rodents of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at George Mason University By Sarah Johnson Master of Science Stephen F. Austin State University, 2005 Bachelor of Science Texas A&M University, 2003 Director: Dr. Cody W. Edwards, Assistant Professor Department of Environmental Science and Public Policy Summer Semester 2009 George Mason University Fairfax, VA Copyright 2009 Sarah Johnson All Rights Reserved ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my parents (Michael and Kay Johnson) and my sisters (Kris and Faith) for their unwavering support throughout my academic career. This dissertation is lovingly dedicated to my parents. I would like to thank my Aggie Family (Brad and Kristin Atchison, Reece and Erin Flood, Samir Moussa, Doug Fuentes, and the rest of the IV Horsemen). They have always lovingly provided a shoulder to lean on and kind ear willing to listen. I would like to thank my fellow graduate students at GMU (Jeff Streicher, Mike Jarcho, Kat Bryant, Tammy Henry, Geoff Cook, Ryan Peters, Kristin Wolf, Trishna Dutta, Sandeep Sharma, and Jolanda Luksenburg) for their help in the field, lab, classroom, and all aspects of student life. I am eternally indebted to Dr. Pat Gillevet and Masi Sikaroodi for their invaluable assistance in the lab, and to Dr. Jesús Maldonado for his assistance in writing the dissertation. They are infinite sources of help and support for which I am forever grateful. The project would not have been possible without Dr. Cody W. Edwards and Dr. -
Biosystematics of the Native Rodents of the Galapagos Archipelago, Ecuador
539 BIOSYSTEMATICS OF THE NATIVE RODENTS OF THE GALAPAGOS ARCHIPELAGO, ECUADOR JAMES L. PATTON AND MARK S. HAFNER' Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 The native rodent fauna of the Galapagos Archipelago consists of seven species belonging to the generalized Neotropical rice rat (oryzomyine) stock of the family Cricetidae. These species comprise three rather distinct assemblages, each of which is varyingly accorded generic or subgeneric rank: (1) Oryzomys (sensu stricto), including 0. galapagoensis [known only from Isla San Cristobal] and 0. bauri [from Isla Santa Fe] ; (2) Nesoryzomys, including N. narboroughi [from Isla Fernandina], N. swarthi [from Isla Santiago], N. darwini [from Isla Santa Cruz] , and N. indefessus [from both Islas Santa Cruz and Baltra] ; and (3) Megalomys curioi [from Isla Santa Cruz]. Megalomys is only known from subfossil material and will not be treated here. Four of the remaining six species are now probably extinct as only 0. bauri and N. narboroughi are known cur- rently from viable populations. The time and pattern of radiation, and the phylogenetic relationships of Oryzomys and Nesoryzomys are assessed by karyological, biochemical, and anatomical investigations of the two extant species, and by multivariate morpho- metric analyses of existing museum specimens of all taxa. These data suggest the following: (a) Nesoryzomys is a very unique entity and should be recognized at the generic level; (b) there were at least two separate invasions of the islands with Nesoryzomys representing an early entrant followed considerably later by Oryzomys (s.s.); (c) both taxa of Oryzomys are quite recent immigrants and are probably derived from 0. -
Universidad Nacional Mayor De San Marcos Modelamiento Distributivo
Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Universidad del Perú. Decana de América Dirección General de Estudios de Posgrado Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Unidad de Posgrado Modelamiento distributivo de micromamíferos terrestres no voladores en la Amazonía peruana TESIS Para optar el Grado Académico de Magíster en Zoología con mención en Ecología y Conservación AUTOR Christian Ricardo LOAIZA SALAZAR ASESOR Víctor Raúl PACHECO TORRES Lima, Perú 2018 Este trabajo se realizó en gran medida gracias al financiamiento del proyecto FONDECYT (PIAP - 2 - P - 420 - 14). La colecta de especímenes se realizó gracias al permiso de colección fuera de áreas protegidas, otorgado por la Dirección General de Flora y Fauna Silvestre del Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego, Resolución Directoral No. 0140 - 2015 - SERFOR - DGGSPFFS. Un agradecimiento especial a Pamela Sánchez, Esteban Fong, Judith Carrasco, Alexander Pari, Brian Tinoco y Werner Pinedo por su colaboración y apoyo con el trabajo de campo. Se agradece también al Departamento de Mastozoología del Museo de Historia Natural (MUSM) de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos por su apoyo con el equipo de campo y por facilitar la base de datos de la colección de mamíferos. ii AGRADECIMIENTOS Deseo expresar en primer lugar mi profundo agradecimiento al Dr. Víctor Pacheco Torres por la confianza y el apoyo brindado al haberme aceptado como uno de sus estudiantes de maestría y por los conocimientos impartidos sobre sistemática y biogeografía de mamíferos neotropicales, sin duda su amistad y confianza en estos últimos años ha sido la mejor recompensa al culminar con este trabajo. Un agradecimiento especial a Santiago Burneo, Carlos Iñiguez y Enrique Martínez Meyer por haberme impartido los conocimientos básicos y elementales sobre modelamiento de la distribución de especies y Sistemas de Información Geográfica, sus valiosos consejos me incentivaron en gran manera a profundizar mi interés en el mundo del modelamiento. -
Supporting Files
Table S1. Summary of Special Emissions Report Scenarios (SERs) to which we fit climate models for extant mammalian species. Mean Annual Temperature Standard Scenario year (˚C) Deviation Standard Error Present 4.447 15.850 0.057 B1_low 2050s 5.941 15.540 0.056 B1 2050s 6.926 15.420 0.056 A1b 2050s 7.602 15.336 0.056 A2 2050s 8.674 15.163 0.055 A1b 2080s 7.390 15.444 0.056 A2 2080s 9.196 15.198 0.055 A2_top 2080s 11.225 14.721 0.053 Table S2. List of mammalian taxa included and excluded from the species distribution models. -
The Neotropical Region Sensu the Areas of Endemism of Terrestrial Mammals
Australian Systematic Botany, 2017, 30, 470–484 ©CSIRO 2017 doi:10.1071/SB16053_AC Supplementary material The Neotropical region sensu the areas of endemism of terrestrial mammals Elkin Alexi Noguera-UrbanoA,B,C,D and Tania EscalanteB APosgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio A primer piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510 Mexico City, Mexico. BGrupo de Investigación en Biogeografía de la Conservación, Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510 Mexico City, Mexico. CGrupo de Investigación de Ecología Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Nariño, Ciudadela Universitaria Torobajo, 1175-1176 Nariño, Colombia. DCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Page 1 of 18 Australian Systematic Botany, 2017, 30, 470–484 ©CSIRO 2017 doi:10.1071/SB16053_AC Table S1. List of taxa processed Number Taxon Number Taxon 1 Abrawayaomys ruschii 55 Akodon montensis 2 Abrocoma 56 Akodon mystax 3 Abrocoma bennettii 57 Akodon neocenus 4 Abrocoma boliviensis 58 Akodon oenos 5 Abrocoma budini 59 Akodon orophilus 6 Abrocoma cinerea 60 Akodon paranaensis 7 Abrocoma famatina 61 Akodon pervalens 8 Abrocoma shistacea 62 Akodon philipmyersi 9 Abrocoma uspallata 63 Akodon reigi 10 Abrocoma vaccarum 64 Akodon sanctipaulensis 11 Abrocomidae 65 Akodon serrensis 12 Abrothrix 66 Akodon siberiae 13 Abrothrix andinus 67 Akodon simulator 14 Abrothrix hershkovitzi 68 Akodon spegazzinii 15 Abrothrix illuteus -
AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES Published by Number 139 Txe AMERICAN MUSE1UM of NATURAL HISTORY October 20, 1924 New York City
AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES Published by Number 139 TxE AMERICAN MUSE1UM OF NATURAL HISTORY October 20, 1924 New York City 59.9(86.6) PRELIMINARY REPORT ON ECUADOREAN MAMMALS. NO. 6. BY H. E. ANTHONY the following paper is the sixth' in a series of preliminary reports based upon extensive field work in Ecuador. Well over 5,000 specimens have been taken and a complete report on the entire known mammalian fauna of Ecuador is in process of preparation, a task requiring consider- able time for its consummation because of the difficulties in, securing adequate collections in the field and the present state of confusion exist- ing in the taxonomy and nomenclature of such groups as Oryzomys, Akodon, etc. Especial efforts are being made to secure topotypes of species described from Ecuador. Among the many interesting specimens collected by Mr. G. H. H. Tate in eastern Ecuador during the early part of 1924 is a good series of spiny mice. Five of this series are typical Neacomys, but there are six specimens of a very dark mouse fully as spiny as Neacomys but with a skull quite unlike that of any mouse I have previously seen. For this dark spiny mouse I propose the following new genus. Scolomys, new genus (Cricetidae) GENOTYPE.-Scolomys melanops, new species. GIENERAL CHARACTERS.-Quite similar superficially to Neacomys but with very distinct cranial differences. DESCRIPTION.-A small mouse with pelage composed, as in Neacomys, of flat- tened spines interspersed with unmodified hairs; ears ofmoderate size; tail short, less than half of total length; fore and hind feet like those of Neacomys, thumb vestigial, with short broad nail. -
Montano Occidental
guía dinámica de los mamíferos del bosque montano occidental santiago ron coordinador editorial Lista de especies Número de especies: 83 Artiodactyla Cervidae Mazama rufina, Corzuelo roja pequeña Pudu mephistophiles, Ciervo enano Carnivora Canidae Pseudalopex culpaeus, Lobo de páramo Cerdocyon thous, Zorro cangrejero Felidae Leopardus colocolo, Gato de las pampas Leopardus tigrinus, Tigrillo chico Puma concolor, Puma Mephitidae Conepatus semistriatus, Zorrillo rayado Mustelidae Lontra longicaudis, Erlangen. (Walther). Mustela frenata, Comadreja andina Procyonidae Nasuella olivacea, Coatí andino Bassaricyon medius, Bassaricyon neblina, neblina Ursidae Tremarctos ornatus, Oso andino Chiroptera Molossidae Eumops perotis, Murciélago gigante de bonete Promops davisoni, Tadarida brasiliensis, Murciélago de cola libre del Brasil Mormoopidae Mormoops megalophylla, Murciélago rostro de fantasma Phyllostomidae Anoura fistulata, Murciélago longirostro de labio largo Anoura peruana, Murciélago longirostro peruano Artibeus lituratus, Murciélago frutero grande Artibeus ravus, Murciélago frutero chico Artibeus aequatorialis, Murciélago frutero de Andersen Desmodus rotundus, Murciélago vampiro común Enchisthenes hartii, Murciélago frutero aterciopelado Micronycteris megalotis, Murciélago orejudo común Micronycteris hirsuta, Murciélago orejón crestado Platyrrhinus albericoi, Murciélago de nariz ancha de Alberico Platyrrhinus dorsalis, Murciélago de nariz ancha de Thomas Platyrrhinus infuscus, Murciélago de nariz ancha marrón Platyrrhinus ismaeli, Murciélago -
New Karyotypes of Two Related Species of Oligoryzomys Genus (Cricetidae
Hereditas 127: 2 17-229 (1 997) New karyotypes of two related species of Oligoryzomys genus (Cricetidae, Rodentia) involving centric fusion with loss of NORs and distribution of telomeric (TTAGGG), sequences MARIA JOSE DE JESUS SILVA' and YATIYO YONENAGA-YASSUDA' ' Departamento de Biologia, lnstituto de Biocicncias, Universidude de SZo Puulo, SZo Puulo, SP, Brazil Silva, M. J. de J. and Yonenaga-Yassuda, Y. 1997. New karyotypes of two related species of Oligoryzomys genus (Criceti- dae, Rodentia) involving centric fusion with loss of NORs and distribution of telomeric (TTAGGG), sequences. - Hereditas 127 217-229. Lund, Sweden. ISSN 0018-0661. Received February 4, 1997. Accepted August 7, 1997 Comparative cytogenetics studies based on conventional staining, CBG, GTG, RBG-banding, Ag-NOR staining, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using telomere probes, length measurements, and meiotic data were performed on two related but previously undescribed cricetid species referred to as Oligoryzomys sp. 1 and Oligoryzomys sp. 2, respectively, from Pic0 das Almas (Bahia: Brazil) and Serra do Cipo (Minas Gerais: Brazil). Oligoryzomys sp. 1 had 2n = 46 and Oligoryzomys sp. 2 had 2n = 44,44/45.Our banding data and measurements as well as FISH results support the hypothesis that the difference between the diploid numbers occurred by centric fusion events. The karyotypes had conspicuous and distinguishable macro- and micro-chromosomes, and we suppose that the largest pairs (I, 2, and 3) have evolved from a higher diploid number because of successive tandem fusion mechanisms. Yatiyo Yonenaga- Yassuda, Departamento de Biologia, Znstituto de Biociincias, Universidade de Srio Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil, 0.5.508-900, C.P.11.461. -
South American Animals Extinct in the Holocene
SNo Common Name\Scientific Name Extinction Date Range Mammals Prehistoric extinctions (beginning of the Holocene to 1500 AD) Amazonian Smilodon 1 10000 BC. Northern South America Smilodon populator Antifer 2 11000 BC. Argentina, Brazil and Chile Antifer crassus Arctotherium 3 11000 BC. South America Arctotherium sp. 4 Canis nehringi 8000 BC. South America Cuvieronius 5 4000 BC. South America Cuvieronius sp. Dire Wolf 6 11000 BC. South America Canis dirus Ground Sloths Catonyx Eremotherium Glossotherium 7 Lestodon 6000 BC. South America Megatherium Nematherium Nothrotherium Scelidotherium Glyptodontidaes Doedicurus Eleutherocercus 8 Glyptodon 11000 BC. South America Hoplophorus Lomaphorus Panochthus 9 Hippidion 10000 BC. South America Macrauchenia 10 10000 BC. South America Macrauchenia sp. Neochoerus 11 10000 BC. South America Neochoerus sp. Stegomastodon 12 10000 BC. South America Stegomastodon sp. Stout-legged Llama 13 10000 BC. South America Palaeolama mirifica Theriodictis 14 11000 BC. Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay Theriodictis sp. Toxodon 15 16500 BC. South America Toxodon sp. Xenorhinotherium 16 10000 BC. Brazil and Venezuela Xenorhinotherium bahiensis Recent extinctions (1500 AD to present) Candango Mouse 1 1960 Brazil Juscelinomys candango Caribbean Monk Seal 2 1952 Caribbean Sea Monachus tropicalis Darwin's Rice Rat 3 1929 Ecuador (Galapagos Islands) Nesoryzomys darwini Falkland Island Wolf 4 1876 United Kingdom (Falkland Islands) Dusicyon australis Indefatigable Galapagos Mouse 5 1930s Ecuador (Galapagos Islands) Nesoryzomys indefessus