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Potato Prospects for Ethiopia: on the Road to Value Addition

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Potato Prospects for Ethiopia: on the Road to Value Addition Potato prospects for Ethiopia: on the road to value addition Anton Haverkort1, Flip van Koesveld2, Huub Schepers2, Jo Wijnands3, Romke Wustman2, Xiaoyong Zhang3 1. Plant Research International (PRI), Wageningen UR, The Netherlands 2. Applied Plant Research (PPO), Wageningen UR, The Netherlands 3. Agricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI), Wageningen UR, The Netherlands Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omgeving (Applied Plant Research), part of Wageningen UR Business Unit Arable Farming, Field production of Vegetables and Multifunctional PPO no. 3250236012 Agriculture December 2012 © 2012 Wageningen, Foundation Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO) research institute Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omgeving. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the DLO, Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omgeving (Applied Plant Research), Business Unit Arable Farming, Field production of Vegetables and Multifunctional Agriculture. The Foundation DLO is not responsible for any damage caused by using the content of this report. PPO Publication no. 528 Project no. 3250236012 Applied Plant Research (Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omgeving), part of Wageningen UR Business Unit Arable Farming, Field production of Vegetables and Multifunctional Agriculture Address : P.O. Box 430, 8200 AA Lelystad, The Netherlands : Edelhertweg 1, Lelystad, The Netherlands Tel. : +31 320 29 11 11 Fax : +31 320 23 04 79 E-mail : [email protected] Internet : www.ppo.wur.nl © Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omgeving (Applied Plant Research) 2 Table of contents page SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................................... 5 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 General ......................................................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Country profile .............................................................................................................................. 7 1.3 Quick scan of the Ethiopian potato production ................................................................................. 9 2 WEATHER DATA AND CALCULATED ATTAINABLE YIELDS ...................................................................... 13 2.1 Agronomic conditions, Climate, soil, water ..................................................................................... 13 2.2 Calculated attainable yields .......................................................................................................... 15 3 YIELDS AND PRODUCTION CONSTRAINTS ............................................................................................ 17 3.1 Yields and inputs ......................................................................................................................... 17 3.2 Suppliers of inputs ....................................................................................................................... 21 3.3 Enabling and supporting environment ............................................................................................ 23 4 SEED QUALITY AND VARIETIES ............................................................................................................ 25 4.1 Renewal of seed potatoes ............................................................................................................ 25 4.2 Seed potato chain ....................................................................................................................... 27 4.3 Varieties ..................................................................................................................................... 28 5 DISEASES AND PESTS ........................................................................................................................ 31 5.1 Late blight ................................................................................................................................... 31 5.2 Bacterial Wilt ............................................................................................................................... 32 5.3 Virus diseases ............................................................................................................................. 33 5.4 Potato tuber moth ....................................................................................................................... 33 6 PRODUCTION COSTS .......................................................................................................................... 35 7 MARKETING OF POTATO AND POTATO PRODUCTS IN ADDIS ABABA ...................................................... 37 7.1 Benchmarking potato against other products ................................................................................. 37 7.2 Market and consumer study 2012 Methodology: ............................................................................ 39 7.3 Marketing study 2012 Results: ..................................................................................................... 40 7.3.1 Wholesale markets ............................................................................................................... 40 7.3.2 Small food stores ................................................................................................................. 41 7.3.3 Supermarkets ...................................................................................................................... 42 7.3.4 Hotels and Restaurants ......................................................................................................... 43 8 MANUFACTURING OF CHIPS (FROZEN) FRENCH FRIES ........................................................................... 45 8.1 Production procedures ................................................................................................................. 45 8.2 Cost of chips production and investments ..................................................................................... 45 8.3 Elements of a business model ...................................................................................................... 46 9 FINAL CONCLUSIONS ......................................................................................................................... 49 9.1 General ....................................................................................................................................... 49 9.2 Conclusion of three break-out sessions: Seed chain, potato production and processing .................... 49 9.2.1 Seed chain ........................................................................................................................... 49 9.2.2 Potato production ................................................................................................................. 50 9.2.3 Processing ........................................................................................................................... 50 © Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omgeving (Applied Plant Research) 3 APPENDIX 1. PROGRAM INTERNATIONAL POTATO CONFERENCE .................................................................. 53 APPENDIX 2. OVERVIEW OF POTATO RESEARCH IN ETHIOPIA: STATE OF PRESENT RESEARCH AND OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................................................................ 55 APPENDIX 3. CIP IN SSA AND ETHIOPIA: AN OVERVIEW ................................................................................ 57 APPENDIX 4. SOURCING POTATOES FROM ETHIOPIAN SMALLHOLDERS ....................................................... 59 APPENDIX 5 POTATO SECTOR IN RWANDA. ................................................................................................. 61 APPENDIX 6. SEED POTATOES: KENYA AND THE NETHERLANDS UNITED IN INCREASING FOOD SECURITY ..... 63 APPENDIX 7. SOLAGROW’S APPROACH ON SEED POTATO IMPROVEMENT IN ETHIOPIA.................................. 65 © Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omgeving (Applied Plant Research) 4 Summary The agricultural counsellor (Geert Westenbrink until mid-2012 since then Hans van de Heuvel) at the Royal Netherlands Embassy at Addis Ababa requested his ministry to fund a 1 year – 2012- project within the framework of “Policy Support Cluster International”, the so-called BOCI program. The order for Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR) was to identify constraints and opportunities for value addition in the Ethiopian potato supply chain. The bulk of potatoes in Ethiopia is consumed by the producer and his family or traded to the cities, especially to Addis Ababa. Some very minor cottage industry exist to make crisps but hardly any value (about 50 % between farm gate and consumer in Addis) is added between the grower who receives Birr 3 and the consumer paying Birr 4.5 per kg. The objectives of the study to be carried out were: - Is there consumer interest in high end products such as washed and packed fresh potatoes for the supermarkets and crisps and chips (frozen French fries). - Are there interested parties to manufacture such products and what are the specifications of the potatoes to meet the demand. -
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